古代ギリシアにおける法（Nomos）の概念について

― とくに「立法」および「立法者」に焦点をあわせて ―

葛 西 康 徳

１ はじめに－ギリシア（法）は西洋（法）か？－

2012 9 Research Centre for the History of Greek Law

(www.academyofathens.gr) Academy of Athens

1929 Academy Academy of Athens

4 Dr. Lydia Paparriga

Dr. Ilias N.Arnaouttoglou Dr. Dimitra Karambula

Dr. Ioannis Chatzakis

CNRS

1948

Chatzakis 65 2012

1453 1830

19

〈法〉概念の時間と空間

‘‘The Medjellè’’ William Grigsby

7

２ 「アゴーン型」と「訴え型」―野田良之によるルイ・ジェルネの紹介―

1963

agon

23

古代ギリシアにおける法の概念について

agein (Greek) = ducere (Latin) pherein (Greek) =

ferre (Latin) 5

23

2

2

3

2

2

2

40

〈法〉概念の時間と空間

Todd

1993

dike

nomos

古代ギリシアにおける法の概念について

2008

３ 「立法」、「立法者」そして「法典編纂」

１）問題状況

7 6 BC508/9-323/322

621 thesmoi

4 594 5-12

axones kyrbeis

410 403 nomothetai

anagrapheis 403

403 410-403

decree psephisma

403

4

Thomas 1994

And. 1,85,87: Aeschines 3,38: Aeschines 16-32:

Dem. 43,62: Dem. 22, 25ff: Dem. 18, 6-7: Dem. 20, 90-93; 102; 104: 24,103; 113; 142; 210-212; 215:

〈法〉概念の時間と空間

44, 66-67: Aeschin. 3, 175: Dem. 26, 4: 57, 31-33: 19, 251-2: 36, 27: 42, 18: Aeschn. 1, 6-7: 3, 38; 257:

Dem. 36, 23-24: 48, 56: Hyp. Athenogenes 21-22: Early citations; Lys. 10, 15: 30, 17-18: Andoc. 1,

81-82; 95f.: Lys. Frag. 35S; 194S.

2011 75-86

410-403

Redfield 2003

Osborne 2010

Lanni 2010, Wolff 1966,1970

古代ギリシアにおける法の概念について

2）プラトンにおける立法、立法者、そして法典編纂

427-347

350 2

350 384-322 384-322

465C

techne

nomothetike sophistike

dikaiosyne rhetorike

259E

12

〈法〉概念の時間と空間

1

2

3

9

4

5

6

7

8

9 adikia blabe

10

11

12 judicial review

nomophylakes

nomoi

４ 結びにかえて

Thomas 1994 ,

“sources of law (rather than law)” p. 124 Finley 1986 “common interpretation of the past”

p. 58

古代ギリシアにおける法の概念について

Select Bibliography

Cohen, David and Gagarin, Michael (eds) (2005), The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Greek Law,

Cambridge.

Crook, John. A. (1967), Law and Life of Rome, London.

Gagarin, Michael (2008), Writing Greek Law, Cambridge etc.

Grigsby, William Ebenezer (1895), The Medjellè or Ottoman civil law, translated (from Greek edition)

by W.E. Grigsby, revised by N. Vitalis, London.

Finley, M.I. (1986), The Use and Abuse of History, London (first appeared 1975) [“The Ancestral

Constitution”, 34-59 (originally 1971)].

Gernet, Louis (1955), « Jeux et Droit », in Gernet, Louis, Droit et Société in Grèce Ancienne, Paris,

9-18 (first appeared 1948).

Lanni, Adriaan (2010), “Judicial Review and the Athenian ‘Constitution’”, in Entretiens sur l’Antiquité

Classique, Fondation Hardt, Vandoeuvres-Genève 56 (2010) 235-276.

MacDowell, Douglas (1978), The Law in Classical Athens, London.

(2008), Demosthenes the Orator, Oxford.

Osborne, Robin (1997), “Law and Laws. How Do We Join Up the Dots ?”, in: Mitchell, Lynette and

Rhodes, Peter, The Development of the Polis, London, 74-82.

Osborne, Robin (2010), “Law in action in classical Athens”, in Athens and Athenian Democracy,

Cambridge tec., 171-204 (first appeared 1985).

Redfield, James M. (2003), The Locrian Maidens –Love and Death in Greek Italy, Princeton/Oxford.

Scafuro, Adele (2006), “Identifying Solonian Laws”, in Blok, J. H. and Lardinois A.P.M., Solon of

Athens, Leiden/Boston, 175-196.

Thomas, Rosalind (1994), “Law and Lawgiver in the Athenian Democracy”, in: Osborne, Robin and

Hornblower, Simon (eds.), Ritual, Finance, Politics – Athenian Democratic Accounts

Presented to David Lewis, Oxford, 119-133.

Todd, Stephen C. (1993), The Shape of Athenian Law, Oxford.

Wolff, Hans Julius (1966), Die attische Paragraphe, Weimar.

Wolff, Hans Julius (1970), „Normenkontrolle“ und Gesetzesbegriff in der attischen Democratie –

Untersuchungen zur graphe paranomon, Heidelberg.

1998

31 2 254-288

〈法〉概念の時間と空間

2008

11-36

1997

2003

2009

2010

1975 L. Gernet

23-47

2011

古代ギリシアにおける法の概念について