florida legislature office of program policy analysis & government accountability history of...

Florida Legislature Office of Program Policy Analysis & Government Accountability

History of Higher History of Higher Education in FloridaEducation in Florida

Education Policy Council Education Policy Council

and and

State Universities & State Universities &

Private Colleges Policy CommitteePrivate Colleges Policy Committee

December 9, 2009December 9, 2009


OverviewOverviewDelivery systems for Delivery systems for

postsecondary educationpostsecondary educationOrganizational structure prior to Organizational structure prior to

reorganizationreorganizationMajor changes to postsecondary Major changes to postsecondary

educationeducationOrganizational structure after Organizational structure after

reorganizationreorganization2


Postsecondary Education Postsecondary Education Delivery SystemsDelivery Systems

School District Technical CentersSchool District Technical Centers Florida College SystemFlorida College System State University SystemState University System Independent Colleges and Universities of Independent Colleges and Universities of

Florida (ICUF)Florida (ICUF) Independent Postsecondary Institutions Independent Postsecondary Institutions

licensed by the Commission for licensed by the Commission for Independent Education (CIE)Independent Education (CIE)

3


Delivery System for Delivery System for Postsecondary ProgramsPostsecondary Programs

4

School District

Technical Centers

Florida College System

State University

System

Independent Colleges

and Universities

(ICUF)

Independent Postsecondary

Institutions (CIE)

Adult Education X X

Apprenticeship X X Vocational Certificates or Diplomas

X X X

Associate Degrees X X X X Baccalaureate Degrees X X X X Graduate and Professional Degrees

X X X

Continuing Workforce Education

X X X


Timeline of Major ChangesTimeline of Major Changes

5

In 1998 Floridians amended Constitution•State Board of Education appointed by Governor,•Commissioner appointed by State Board


1998

2000

2001

2002

2000 Legislature• Created Florida Board of Education (FBE)• Created university boards of trustees • Abolished boards and commissions transferred authority to FBE•Created Education Governance Reorganization Task Force• Reorganization effective 2003


2001 Legislature• Expedited reorganization to July 2001•Abolished Board of Regents and State Board of Community Colleges and transferred powers and duties to the FBE •Combined the powers and duties of the SBICU and SBNCE into the Commission for Independent Education (CIE)


In 2002 Floridians amended Constitution•Board of Governors operates, regulates, controls and is fully responsible for the management of the university system.In 2002 Floridians amended Constitution•Board of Governors operates, regulates, controls and is fully responsible for the management of the university system.

In 1999 Commissioner convened a Blue Ribbon Committee• Made recommendations for a seamless education system


2002 Legislature•Rearranged, renumbered, reworded, streamlines consolidated and updated the education code•Devolved authority from the SBE to the university boards of trustees


2003 Legislature•Amended Florida Statutes to reflect adoption of the 2002 Board of Governors (BOG) constitutional amendment2003 Legislature•Amended Florida Statutes to reflect adoption of the 2002 Board of Governors (BOG) constitutional amendment

2005 Legislature•Clarified lines of authority and constitutional duties of the Board of Governors and the Legislature2005 Legislature•Clarified lines of authority and constitutional duties of the Board of Governors and the Legislature

1999

2007 Legislature•Revised statute to reflect 2002 constitutional amendment establishing the BOG and University Boards of Trustees and 2005 legislation


2003

2005

2007

2008 Legislature•Created the Florida College System2008 Legislature•Created the Florida College System

2008


6

State Board of Education (Governor and Cabinet)

•Governor is the Chair•Commissioner is the Secretary

State Board of Education (Governor and Cabinet)

•Governor is the Chair•Commissioner is the Secretary

Department of Education•Commissioner is the head of the department

Department of Education•Commissioner is the head of the department

State Board of Nonpublic Career

Education (SBNCE)

•The Department is the administrative agent of the board

State Board of Nonpublic Career

Education (SBNCE)


Division of Universities

•Florida Board of Regents is the head of the division

Division of Universities

•Florida Board of Regents is the head of the division

State Board of Independent Colleges &

Universities (SBICU)


State Board of Independent Colleges &

Universities (SBICU)


67 District School Boards

(Technical Centers)

67 District School Boards

(Technical Centers)

Division of Community Colleges

•State Board of Community Colleges is the head of the division

Division of Community Colleges

•State Board of Community Colleges is the head of the division

28 Community College Boards of Trustees

28 Community College Boards of Trustees

Before ReorganizationBefore Reorganization

Division of Workforce

Development

Division of Workforce

Development

10 University Presidents

10 University Presidents

Governing BoardsGoverning Boards

Key

Postsecondary Education Planning CommissionPostsecondary Education Planning Commission


Before ReorganizationBefore Reorganization

State Board of Education was comprised of State Board of Education was comprised of elected officials (Governor and Cabinet)elected officials (Governor and Cabinet)• Chief policy making body for all of public Chief policy making body for all of public

educationeducation

• Governor was the chair of the boardGovernor was the chair of the board

• Commissioner was the secretary and executive Commissioner was the secretary and executive officerofficer

Commissioner of Education Commissioner of Education • Statewide elected officialStatewide elected official

• Head of the Department of EducationHead of the Department of Education7


Before Reorganization Before Reorganization (continued)(continued)

Department of EducationDepartment of Education

• Division of Workforce DevelopmentDivision of Workforce Development

• Division of Community Colleges – State Board Division of Community Colleges – State Board of Community Colleges was the director of the of Community Colleges was the director of the divisiondivision

• Division of Universities - Board of Regents was Division of Universities - Board of Regents was the director of the divisionthe director of the division

• State Board of Independent Colleges and State Board of Independent Colleges and UniversitiesUniversities

• State Board of Nonpublic Career EducationState Board of Nonpublic Career Education

8



State Board of Community CollegesState Board of Community Colleges• Functioned as an advisory bodyFunctioned as an advisory body

• Comprised of the Commissioner and 12 Governor-appointed, Comprised of the Commissioner and 12 Governor-appointed, SBE approved, and Senate confirmed membersSBE approved, and Senate confirmed members

• Adopt rules – subject to SBE approvalAdopt rules – subject to SBE approval

• Provide through rule for the coordination of the Florida Provide through rule for the coordination of the Florida Community College SystemCommunity College System

• Review new programs, conduct program reviews and provide Review new programs, conduct program reviews and provide rules for program terminationrules for program termination

• Specify procedures to be used by boards of trustees for the Specify procedures to be used by boards of trustees for the evaluation of presidentsevaluation of presidents

• Recommend minimum standards for the operation of Recommend minimum standards for the operation of community colleges (approved by the SBE)community colleges (approved by the SBE)

9



Community college district boards of trusteesCommunity college district boards of trustees

• Functioned as a governing bodyFunctioned as a governing body

• Comprised of 5 to 9 Governor-appointed, SBE-Comprised of 5 to 9 Governor-appointed, SBE-approved, and Senate-confirmed membersapproved, and Senate-confirmed members

• Responsible to operate the collegeResponsible to operate the college

• Appoint the presidentAppoint the president

• Adopt rules and policiesAdopt rules and policies

• Establish and discontinue programs and course Establish and discontinue programs and course offeringsofferings

10



Board of RegentsBoard of Regents• Functioned as a governing bodyFunctioned as a governing body

• Comprised of the Commissioner and 13 Comprised of the Commissioner and 13 Governor-appointed, Cabinet-approved, and Governor-appointed, Cabinet-approved, and Senate-confirmed membersSenate-confirmed members

• Adopt rules – subject to SBE approvalAdopt rules – subject to SBE approval

• Appoint university presidentsAppoint university presidents

• Approve new degree programsApprove new degree programs

• Established student feesEstablished student fees

• Adopt a system wide strategic planAdopt a system wide strategic plan11



State Board of Independent Colleges and State Board of Independent Colleges and UniversitiesUniversities• Department of Education - administrative agentDepartment of Education - administrative agent

• Comprised of 9 Governor-appointed, Senate –Comprised of 9 Governor-appointed, Senate –confirmed membersconfirmed members

• Authority to adopt rules subject to approval by the Authority to adopt rules subject to approval by the SBESBE

• License nonpublic colleges unless exempt based License nonpublic colleges unless exempt based on accreditation statuson accreditation status

• Complaint investigations, probable cause findings Complaint investigations, probable cause findings and disciplinary actionsand disciplinary actions

12



State Board of Nonpublic Career EducationState Board of Nonpublic Career Education

• Department of Education - administrative agentDepartment of Education - administrative agent

• Comprised of 9 Governor-appointed, Senate-Comprised of 9 Governor-appointed, Senate-confirmed membersconfirmed members

• Prescribe and recommend rules to the SBEPrescribe and recommend rules to the SBE

• License nonpublic schools - postsecondary License nonpublic schools - postsecondary non-collegiate career educational institutionsnon-collegiate career educational institutions

• Complaint investigations, probable cause Complaint investigations, probable cause findings and disciplinary actionsfindings and disciplinary actions

13



14



1998

2000

2001

2002





In 1999 Commissioner convened a Blue Ribbon Committee• Made recommendations for a seamless education systemIn 1999 Commissioner convened a Blue Ribbon Committee• Made recommendations for a seamless education system



1999


1998 Constitutional Amendment1998 Constitutional Amendment

Voters approved Constitutional changes to require a Voters approved Constitutional changes to require a new public education governance system led by new public education governance system led by appointed vs. elected State Board of Education and appointed vs. elected State Board of Education and Commissioner of EducationCommissioner of Education

• ““SECTION 2. State board of education.SECTION 2. State board of education.--The state board of --The state board of education shall be a body corporate and have such supervision education shall be a body corporate and have such supervision of the system of free public education as is provided by law. The of the system of free public education as is provided by law. The state board of education shall consist of seven members state board of education shall consist of seven members appointed by the governor to staggered 4-year terms, subject to appointed by the governor to staggered 4-year terms, subject to confirmation by the senate. The state board of education shall confirmation by the senate. The state board of education shall

appoint the commissioner of education.”appoint the commissioner of education.” From article 9 of the From article 9 of the Florida ConstitutionFlorida Constitution

15


1999 - Commissioner convened1999 - Commissioner convenedBlue Ribbon CommissionBlue Ribbon Commission

Make recommendations to the Legislature on Make recommendations to the Legislature on a new education governance systema new education governance system

Majority recommendation – Seamless Majority recommendation – Seamless education system - SBE assumes full education system - SBE assumes full supervision of all sectors of public educationsupervision of all sectors of public education• establish direct access to the new state board establish direct access to the new state board

and local control for school districts, colleges and and local control for school districts, colleges and universitiesuniversities

Minority recommendation – limits Minority recommendation – limits responsibility of SBE to K-12 issuesresponsibility of SBE to K-12 issues

16


Florida Education Governance Florida Education Governance Reorganization Act of 2000Reorganization Act of 2000

Creates the Florida Board of Education (FBE) - 7 Creates the Florida Board of Education (FBE) - 7 members appointed by Governor to oversee K-20 members appointed by Governor to oversee K-20 education – Effective Jan. 2003education – Effective Jan. 2003

FBE to appoint the CommissionerFBE to appoint the Commissioner Created 9 member university boards of trustees Created 9 member university boards of trustees

appointed by governor – Effective Jan. 2003appointed by governor – Effective Jan. 2003 Abolished – BOR, SBCC, SBICU and SBNCEAbolished – BOR, SBCC, SBICU and SBNCE Created Education Governance Task Force to effect Created Education Governance Task Force to effect

a smooth transition between the elected SBE and a smooth transition between the elected SBE and the appointed FBE and a seamless education the appointed FBE and a seamless education continuumcontinuum

17


Florida Education Governance Florida Education Governance Reorganization Implementation Act - 2001Reorganization Implementation Act - 2001 Expedited reorganization of education governanceExpedited reorganization of education governance

• Expedited appointment of FBE and university boards Expedited appointment of FBE and university boards to July 2001to July 2001

Housed the newly appointed FBE under the SBEHoused the newly appointed FBE under the SBE Chief transition officer’s education reorganization Chief transition officer’s education reorganization

workgroup – to direct and oversee reorganizationworkgroup – to direct and oversee reorganization Abolished the BOR and SBCCAbolished the BOR and SBCC Combined powers and duties of the SBICU and Combined powers and duties of the SBICU and

SBNCE into a single boardSBNCE into a single board FBE to make recommendations to the Legislature for FBE to make recommendations to the Legislature for

the rewrite of the education code the rewrite of the education code 18


2002 Florida School Code Rewrite2002 Florida School Code Rewrite

Recreates and reorganizes the Florida Recreates and reorganizes the Florida School CodeSchool Code

Responded to the constitutional Responded to the constitutional amendments of 1998 and the repeal of amendments of 1998 and the repeal of many sections of the code effective 2003many sections of the code effective 2003

The appointed SBE becomes the head of The appointed SBE becomes the head of the Department of Educationthe Department of Education

Devolved authority from the SBE to the Devolved authority from the SBE to the university boards of trusteesuniversity boards of trustees

19


District School Boards

•67 school districts. governed by an elected board of 5 or more members.

District School Boards


Department of Education

(DOE)

Department of Education

(DOE)

Commission on

Independent Education

(CIE)• 6 member board appointed by the Governor

Commission on

Independent Education

(CIE)• 6 member board appointed by the Governor

28 Community

College Boards of Trustees

•5 -9 member boards appointed by the Governor

28 Community

College Boards of Trustees

•5 -9 member boards appointed by the Governor

Florida Board of Education (FBE)

•7 members Appointed by the Governor•Appoints the Commissioner of Education•Commissioner serves as Chief Executive Office

Florida Board of Education (FBE)

•7 members Appointed by the Governor•Appoints the Commissioner of Education•Commissioner serves as Chief Executive Office

Florida Legislature

Florida Legislature

Council for Education Policy

Research and Improvement

(CEPRI)

Council for Education Policy

Research and Improvement

(CEPRI)

After First Reorganization

11 University Boards of Trustees

•11 member boards appointed by the Governor

11 University Boards of Trustees

•11 member boards appointed by the Governor

State Board of Education (SBE)•Governor and Cabinet

State Board of Education (SBE)•Governor and Cabinet

Governing Board

Governing Board

Key



21

2002 In 2002 Floridians amended Constitution•Board of Governors operates, regulates, controls and is fully responsible for the management of the university system.

In 2002 Floridians amended Constitution•Board of Governors operates, regulates, controls and is fully responsible for the management of the university system.

2003 Legislature•Amended Florida Statutes to reflect adoption of the 2002 Board of Governors (BOG) constitutional amendment

2003 Legislature•Amended Florida Statutes to reflect adoption of the 2002 Board of Governors (BOG) constitutional amendment

2005 Legislature•Clarified lines of authority and constitutional duties of the Board of Governors and the Legislature

2005 Legislature•Clarified lines of authority and constitutional duties of the Board of Governors and the Legislature



2003

2005

2007


2008


2002 Constitutional Amendment2002 Constitutional Amendment

Requires a single state university system Requires a single state university system comprised of all public universities with a board comprised of all public universities with a board of trustees to administer each universityof trustees to administer each university

Establishes the Board of Governors to govern Establishes the Board of Governors to govern the state university systemthe state university system• ““The board shall operate regulate, control, and be The board shall operate regulate, control, and be

fully responsible for the management of the whole fully responsible for the management of the whole university system.”university system.”

• ““The board of governors shall establish the powers The board of governors shall establish the powers and duties of the boards of trustees.”and duties of the boards of trustees.”

from Article 9 of the Florida Constitutionfrom Article 9 of the Florida Constitution

22


2003 Legislation2003 Legislation

Amends statute to reflect the adoption of Amends statute to reflect the adoption of 2002 constitutional amendment2002 constitutional amendment

Establishes the Board of GovernorsEstablishes the Board of Governors Revises provisions related to the Revises provisions related to the

membership of the university boards of membership of the university boards of trusteestrustees

23



Clarifies lines of authority and defines the Clarifies lines of authority and defines the constitutional duties of the Board of Governorsconstitutional duties of the Board of Governors• operating regulating and controlling and being fully responsible for the operating regulating and controlling and being fully responsible for the

management of the SUSmanagement of the SUS

• defining the distinctive mission of each universitydefining the distinctive mission of each university

• ensuring well-planned coordination and operation of SUSensuring well-planned coordination and operation of SUS

• avoiding wasteful duplication of facilities or programsavoiding wasteful duplication of facilities or programs

• approving, reviewing and terminating SUS degree programsapproving, reviewing and terminating SUS degree programs

Provides Legislative responsibilitiesProvides Legislative responsibilities• making provision by law for establishment and operation of institutionsmaking provision by law for establishment and operation of institutions

• appropriate state funds, establish tuition and feesappropriate state funds, establish tuition and fees

Provides Legislative intent - reenact laws re: BOG, Provides Legislative intent - reenact laws re: BOG, university boards, SBE and postsecondary educationuniversity boards, SBE and postsecondary education

24



Repeals statutory provisions no longer Repeals statutory provisions no longer necessary as they are within the responsibilities necessary as they are within the responsibilities of the BOGof the BOG

Outlines powers and duties of the BOGOutlines powers and duties of the BOG Provides statutory organizational structure for Provides statutory organizational structure for

the BOG and its staffthe BOG and its staff Removes powers and duties of the SBE, Removes powers and duties of the SBE,

Commissioner and Department of Education Commissioner and Department of Education solely relating to universitiessolely relating to universities

25



Established the Florida College SystemEstablished the Florida College System• 2 and 4-year institutions granting academic degrees2 and 4-year institutions granting academic degrees

• primary mission responding to community needs for primary mission responding to community needs for postsecondary academic and career educationpostsecondary academic and career education

• must maintain open-door admissions and outreach to must maintain open-door admissions and outreach to underserved populationsunderserved populations

Florida College System Task Force Florida College System Task Force • findings and recommendations - transition of community findings and recommendations - transition of community

colleges to baccalaureate granting institutionscolleges to baccalaureate granting institutions

State College Pilot ProjectState College Pilot Project• recommend an approval process for transition of institutions recommend an approval process for transition of institutions

to state colleges and a funding model for the systemto state colleges and a funding model for the system

26



27



1998

2000

2001

2002





In 2002 Floridians amended Constitution•Board of Governors operates, regulates, controls and is fully responsible for the management of the university system.In 2002 Floridians amended Constitution•Board of Governors operates, regulates, controls and is fully responsible for the management of the university system.





2003 Legislature•Amended Florida Statutes to reflect adoption of the 2002 Board of Governors (BOG) constitutional amendment2003 Legislature•Amended Florida Statutes to reflect adoption of the 2002 Board of Governors (BOG) constitutional amendment

2005 Legislature•Clarified lines of authority and constitutional duties of the Board of Governors and the Legislature2005 Legislature•Clarified lines of authority and constitutional duties of the Board of Governors and the Legislature

1999



2003

2005

2007


2008


School Districts/Boards


•Each board operates, controls, and supervises all free public schools in the district.

•Includes adult education and workforce/career education programs

School Districts/Boards


•Each board operates, controls, and supervises all free public schools in the district.

•Includes adult education and workforce/career education programs

Department of Education (DOE)

•The DOE is an administrative & supervisory agency under SBE direction.

•The areas of DOE responsibility include public schools, Florida Colleges, workforce education, vocational rehabilitation, blind services, and student financial assistance.

•The Commissioner of Education serves as Executive Director of the DOE and is appointed by the SBE.

Commission on Independent

Education (CIE)

•The CIE authorizes the granting of diplomas & degrees by certain independent postsecondary educational institutions.

•The CIE is comprised of 7 Governor-appointed, Senate-confirmed members.

•The CIE is an independent entity administratively housed within the DOE.

Commission on Independent

Education (CIE)

•The CIE authorizes the granting of diplomas & degrees by certain independent postsecondary educational institutions.

•The CIE is comprised of 7 Governor-appointed, Senate-confirmed members.

•The CIE is an independent entity administratively housed within the DOE.

Florida College System (FCS)

•The FCS is comprised of 28 public postsecondary educational institutions. Each institution is governed by a 5-9 member Governor-appointed, Senate-confirmed BOT.

•Each BOT operates its college subject to SBE rules.

Florida College System (FCS)

•The FCS is comprised of 28 public postsecondary educational institutions. Each institution is governed by a 5-9 member Governor-appointed, Senate-confirmed BOT.

•Each BOT operates its college subject to SBE rules.

State Board of Education (SBE)•7-member board appointed by Governor and confirmed by the Senate.•The SBE is head of the Department of Education

State Board of Education (SBE)•7-member board appointed by Governor and confirmed by the Senate.•The SBE is head of the Department of Education

Board of Governors of the State University System (BOG)

•17-member board (14 members appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate; a faculty representative; a student representative; and the Commissioner of Education)

•The State University System (SUS) is comprised of 11 state universities.

Board of Governors of the State University System (BOG)

•17-member board (14 members appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate; a faculty representative; a student representative; and the Commissioner of Education)

•The State University System (SUS) is comprised of 11 state universities.

State University System Boards of Trustees (UBOT)

•Each state university is administered by a 13-member UBOT. Each UBOT consists of the chair of the faculty senate, the president of the student body, 6 Governor appointees, & 5 BOG appointees. Appointed members must be confirmed by the Senate.

•The BOG establishes the UBOT's powers & duties.

State University System Boards of Trustees (UBOT)

•Each state university is administered by a 13-member UBOT. Each UBOT consists of the chair of the faculty senate, the president of the student body, 6 Governor appointees, & 5 BOG appointees. Appointed members must be confirmed by the Senate.

•The BOG establishes the UBOT's powers & duties.

Constitutionally-created elected boardConstitutionally-created elected board

Constitutionally-created appointed boardConstitutionally-created appointed board

Statutorily-created appointed boardStatutorily-created appointed board

After Reorganization


After ReorganizationAfter Reorganization

State Board of EducationState Board of Education• Appointed by the GovernorAppointed by the Governor

• Oversees K-12, workforce, community colleges, and Oversees K-12, workforce, community colleges, and nonpublic educationnonpublic education

• Adopts rules governing statewide postsecondary programs Adopts rules governing statewide postsecondary programs such as financial aid and the statewide course numbering such as financial aid and the statewide course numbering systemsystem

CommissionerCommissioner• Appointed by the SBEAppointed by the SBE

Board of GovernorsBoard of Governors• Appointed by the GovernorAppointed by the Governor

• Oversees state universitiesOversees state universities

29



School districts – Technical centers and School districts – Technical centers and schoolsschools• Overseen by the SBEOverseen by the SBE

• Governed by local district school boardsGoverned by local district school boards

• Adult and career educationAdult and career education

Florida College SystemFlorida College System• Overseen by the SBEOverseen by the SBE

• Comprised of 2 and 4 year institutionsComprised of 2 and 4 year institutions

• Governed by local boards of trusteesGoverned by local boards of trustees

• Associate degrees, baccalaureate degrees, career Associate degrees, baccalaureate degrees, career education and adult educationeducation and adult education

30



State University SystemState University System

• Overseen by the BOGOverseen by the BOG

• Comprised of 10 universities and New CollegeComprised of 10 universities and New College

• Governed by local boards of trusteesGoverned by local boards of trustees

• Baccalaureate and graduate degreesBaccalaureate and graduate degrees

Nonpublic institutionsNonpublic institutions

• Licensed by CIE unless eligible for FRAGLicensed by CIE unless eligible for FRAG

31

Office of Program Policy Analysis & Government AccountabilityOPPAGA supports the Florida Legislature by providing evaluative research and objective

analyses to promotegovernment accountability and the efficient and effective use of public resources.

QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?

Jane FletcherJane Fletcher

Staff DirectorStaff Director

[email protected]

850-487-9255850-487-9255

http://www.oppaga.state.fl.us/

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