harkness2e chap15 ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 15: Emerging
Infectious Diseases
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Chapter Highlights• Emerging versus reemerging infectious
diseases• Factors that influence the
emergence/reemergence of infectious diseases
• Recent emerging/reemerging infectious diseases
• Prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases
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Question
Is the following statement true or false?Factors that influence the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases are multiple, complex, and interrelated.
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Answer
TrueRationale: Factors that influence the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases are multiple, complex, and interrelated.
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Emerging Infectious Disease• A newly identified clinically distinct
infectious disease or the reappearance
(or reemergence) of a known infectious disease after its decline with an incidence that is increasing in a certain geographic area or in a specific population
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Factors That Influence Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Microbial adaptation and change• Human susceptibility to infection• Climate, changing ecosystems, and
human behavior• Travel, technology, and industry• Lack of political will and breakdown of
public health infrastructure
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Question
Is the following statement true or false?Epidemics and pandemics can place long-term demands on healthcare systems.
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Answer
FalseRationale: Epidemics and pandemics can place sudden and intense demands on healthcare systems.
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Recent Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases
• Severe acute respiratory syndrome• MERS-CoV• Avian influenza• H1N1 Influenza• Novel Avian influenza A• West Nile virus• E. Coli 0157:H7
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Tuberculosis
• Epidemiology of tuberculosis• Symptoms and signs of tuberculosis• Latent tuberculosis and HIV infection
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Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis
• Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection
• Treatment of active tuberculosis• Diagnostic and public health evaluation
of tuberculosis contacts• Tuberculosis diagnostic tests• Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis• Infection control guidelines for healthcare
settings
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QuestionIs the following statement true or false?Certain zoonotic diseases can be transmitted to humans through contact with zoo animals.
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Answer
FalseRationale: Certain zoonotic diseases can be transmitted to humans through contact with animals and birds.
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Ebola Virus Disease• Signs and symptoms and diagnosis• Infection prevention and control
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Question
Is the following statement true or false?Outbreaks of emerging and reemerging infections can disrupt economic activity and development.
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Answer
TrueIn addition to morbidity and mortality, outbreaks of emerging and reemerging infections can disrupt economic activity and development.