introduction - الجامعة...

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INTRODUCTION

Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that applies scientific

and mathematical principles to design and develop processes by which

available chemicals can be converted into a variety of useful product such as

detergents, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. Chemical engineers are responsible

for designing these industrial processes that make our lives easier and more

productive. New compounds may be discovered by chemists , however,

without a chemical engineer engaging his/her skills to quantify, test, and

produce it, the new compound may never become a final product.

Chemical engineer also applies his background knowledge of chemistry

with his an understanding of chemical processing to tackle most any

chemical problem, from waste minimization, to environmental remediation,

or to purification of drinking water. Most major chemical companies hire

chemical engineers to fill their technical position in environmental

engineering.

In the chemical engineering department of Technology University, there

are two branches, as specialization, starting from the first year. These are

chemical process engineering branch and petroleum refinery engineering

and gas technology branch.

The B.sc programmed for the two branches involves mathematics,

including analysis and computer application, chemistry, mechanics,

electricity, chemical engineering principles and practice subjects including

fluid dynamics, heat transfer, unit operation, chemical reactor design,

thermodynamics, and chemical processes. In addition the programme

involves English language which is essential for any engineering student to

enable him/her to benefit from thousand of textbooks and periodicals.

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A considerable emphasis is laid, in this department, on practical training

and laboratory work, which helps students in getting better understanding of

the theoretical part of their curriculum.

Moreover students required to spend twelve weeks, training in industry

during summer vacations.

This booklet contains the academic programme with its units and syllabus

for subjects which are taken by chemical engineering students during their

four years study.

Prof. Thamer Jasim Mohammed

Head of Chemical Engineering Department

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Contents

First Year Syllabus

Title Page

Technical English 8

Mathematics (Ι) 9

Basic Principles of Chem. Eng. ( I ) 1 0

Chemistry 1 1

Chemistry of Petroleum 1 4

Engineering Drawing 1 8

Engineering Mechanics and Strength of Materials 1 9

Electrical Technology 2 0

Computer Programming (I) 2 1

Workshop 2 4 Second Year Syllabus

Human Rights 2 5

Democracy 2 6

Mathematics (II) 2 7

Basic principles of Chem. Eng (II) 2 8

Fluid Flow 3 0

Physical Chemistry 3 3

Computer Programming (II) 3 5

Material Science and Engineering 3 8

Fuel's Technology 3 9

Properties of Petroleum Products 4 0

Statistics and Measurements 4 1

Third Year Syllabus

Thermodynamics 4 2

Applied Mathematics 4 3

Mass Transfer 4 4

Reactor Design 4 5

Heat Transfer 4 6

Reactor Design 4 7

Equipment Design 4 8

Equipment Design 4 9

Numerical Analysis 5 0

Bio Chemical Eng. 5 1

Particles and Nano Technology 5 2

P e t r o c h e m i c a l i n d u s t r i e s 5 3

Chemicals from Petroleum 5 4

Combustion Engineering 5 5

Storage and Transport of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products 5 6 Fourth Year Syllabus

Project 5 8

Unit Operation 5 9

Process Control 6 0

Chemical Process Industries 6 1

Petroleum Refinery Eng. 6 2

Catalysis and Catalytic Eng. 6 3

Industrial Management 6 4

Environmental Eng. And Industrial Safety 6 5

Corrosion Engineering 6 6

Optimization 6 7

Petroleum Refinery Eng. 6 8

Gas Technology 6 9

Catalysis in Petroleum Refineries 7 0

Environmental Pollution and Safety in Petroleum Refinery 7 1

Corrosion Engineering 7 2

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1- Comprehesion Reading Passages Related to Chemical Engineering: (a) What chemical engineers do? (b) Research and development. (c) Process design. (d) Plant operation.

( 20 hrs) 2 English Grammar A- Parts of Speech (a) Nouns. (b) Pronouns. (c) Adjectives. (d) Articles. (e) Verbs and verbal's. (f) Adverbs. (g) Conjunctions. (h) Prepositions. (i) Words that need watching. (j) Interjections. B- Analyses of Sentences (a) Classification according to form.

(b) Classification according to number of statements. (40 hrs) References: (1) The language of chemical engineering in English, Roy V. Hughson, Regents Publishing

Company, Inc. (2) An English Grammar “for use of high school, academy, and college classes”, W. M.

Baskervill and J.W. Sewell, The Project Gutenberg eBook, 2004. (3) Practical Exercises in English, Huber Gray Buehler, American Book Company, 2004. (4) English Vocabulary in Use, Stuart Redman, Cambridge University Press, 1997.

First Year –Technical English

Chemical Process Eng. & Petroleum Refinery Eng. and Gas Technology Branch

Units 4

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial - hr/week

Practical -hr/week

9

1 Revision

Domain and Range, functions and graphs, even and odd functions, how to shift graph, inverse functions, Trigonometric Functions.

(4 hrs)

2- Limits and Continuity

Properties, limits involving infinity, limits of exponential functions

(4 hrs)

3- Transcendental functions

Logarithmic and exponential functions, Inverse trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions.

(4 hrs)

4- Derivatives

Definition, second and higher order derivative, implicit differentiation, the chain rule, derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of hyperbolic functions, derivative of inverse hyperbolic functions, derivative of exponential and logarithmic functions, hopitals rule, partial derivative, Improper Integrals (conv and dity).

(10 hrs)

5- Integration

Indefinite integration, integration of trigonometric functions, integration of inverse trigonometric functions, integration of logarithmic and exponential functions, integration of hyperbolic functions, integration of inverse hyperbolic functions, integration methods; (substitution, by part, power trigonometric functions, trigonometric substitution, by partial function).

(14 hrs)

6- Definite Integration and Applications

Area between two curves, length of curves, surface area, volumes

(8 hrs)

7- Complex Algebra

Definitions, Graphing in complex number ( Argand Diagram), Polar form of complex number, power of complex number, derivatives of complex variable and CauchyRemann, analytic functions, integration of functions.

(6 hrs)

8- Polar Coordinates

Definition, Cartesian versus polar coordinates, graphing in polar coordinate.

(4 hrs)

9- Vector Analysis

Definitions, properties, vector in space, scalar and cross product of vector.

(6 hrs)

First Year - Mathematics


Units 4

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical - hr/week

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1. General Knowledge of Chemical Engineering .

Definition of chemical engineering.

Chemical process industries (CPI) .

Generalized chemical process.

Flow sheet and representation of a chemical process (PFD) .

The difference between the chemist and the chemical engineer . (4 hrs)

2. Mathematical , Physical and Chemical Principles:

Dimensions, units, symbols and conversion factors .

Precision and significant figures.

Density and specific gravity.

Temperature.

Pressure.

The mole unit .

Composition and concentration.

Basis of calculation.

Principles and expressions of stoichiometry. (20 hrs)

3. Material Balances:

Concepts of material balance.

Systematic steps of solving material balance problems.

Material balances without chemical reactions.

Material balances with chemical reactions .

Material balances on combustion processes.

Material balances involving recycle, bypass and purge streams. (20 hrs)

4. Gases and Vapors:

Ideal gas law.

Ideal gas mixtures.

Real gas relationships.

Real gas mixtures.

Vapor pressure and saturation (16 hrs)

.

First Year - Basic Principles of Chemical Engineering(1)


Units: 4

Theoretical 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical - hr/week

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Part 1 : Analytical Chemistry: 1- Introduction to Analytical Chemistry:

• Atomic weight

• Molecular formula

• Chemical equations

• Mole concept

• Chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants 2- Solution:

• Definition

• Preparation and properties

• Molarity

• Normality

• Formality

• pH

• pOH

• Buffers

• Solubility 3- Analytical Methods of Analysis: a- Qualitative Analysis b- Quantitative Analysis

1- Gravimetric Analysis

• Precipitation reaction

• Direct and indirect method of analysis

• Ksp 2- Volumetric Analysis

• AcidBase (Neutralization Titration)

• OxidationReduction Titr

• Ion exchange reactions

• Potentiometric Titration

• Precipitation

• Complex titration

• Methods of calculation

• Titration curves 4- Instrumental Methods of Analysis

• Photometric

• Colorimetric

• Potentiometric titration

• pHmeasurements

• Chromatography

• Atomic absorption

• Atomic emission Spectroscopy

• Errors & Statistical Treatment of Analytical Data

Part 2: Organic chemistry 1- Introduction to hydrocarbon : � Definition � Classification 2- Aliphatic compounds

First Year – Chemistry

Chemical Process Eng. Branch

Units: 6


Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical 2 hr/week

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• Nomenclature

• Preparation

• Properties

• Reactions

• Alkanes

• Alkenes

• Alkynes 3- Aliphatic Derivatives (alkyl halides, alcohol's, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, carboxylic

acid, amines ,amides, mercaptans, carboxylic acids, thiophenes, disulphide) 4- Aromatic compounds

• Structural formula of benzene ring

• Nomenclature

• Preparation

• Properties

• Reactions

• Nitration

• Sulphonation

• Halogenation

• Alkylation

• Benzenehomologues (Preparation, Properties, Reactions)

• Chemical reaction of (Toluene, Xylene, Ethyl benzene, styrene, Phenols, Anilines, Naphthalene

5- Heterocyclic compounds

• Pyridine

• Furan

• Pyrrole

• Thiophenes

• Quinoline 6- Introduction to polymer and carbohydrate

• Disaccharides

• polysaccharides

• Proteins :

• amino acids

• polypeptides and proteins

• proteine structure 7- Organo metallic compounds 8- Identification of organic compound:

• Spectrophotometric

• Infrared Spectrophotometric

• Ultra violet rays Part 3: Inorganic chemistry 1- Introduction.

• Periodic chart of elements

• Periodic properties 2- ATOMS:

• Bohr theory

• Schrödinger equation.

• At. Structure

• Chem. periodicity

• Atomic spectra 3- CHEMICAL BOND:

• Lewis structures

• Molecular shape and VSEPR theory

• Hybridization

• Molecular orbital

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• Structure of solids

• Metallic elements

• Ionic solids

• Structures of ionic solids 4- TRANSITION ELEMENTS:

• Electron configurations

• Fundamentals of Complex Chemistry 5- METALLURGY EXTRACTIVE:

• Concentration of minerals

• Production

• Purification 5- Coordination chemistry

Part 4: Instrumental Methods of Analysis

• Photometric

• Colorimetric


• pHmeasurements

• Chromatography





• Ulra Violet rays

• Mass Spectrometry

• Errors & Statistical Treatment of Analytical Data Part 5: Analytical laboratory 1- The chemicals, apparatus and unit operation in analytical chemistry 2- Titration methods of analysis 3- Acidbase Titrations: standerzation of HCl and determination of NaOH normality 4- Quantitative determination of carbonate and hydroxed in mixur 5- Back titration 6- Acidity of vingar 7- Redox titration 8- Determination of Cl by molher method 9- Complexation and precipitation titrations. 10- Applications of standard electrode potentials calculations of redox equilibrium constant. 11- Paper chromatographic methods 12- Identification of ions References: 1- Chemistry the central scince 8th edition by Brown, LeMay, Bursten. 2- Organic chemistry 4th edition by john wiely and sons (2001). 3- Organic chemistry 1st edition by Janice Gorzynski smith (2006) 4- Analytical chemistry by Y.Anjaneyulu, K.chandrasekhar (2006) 5- Organic chemistry by prentice –Hall of INDIA private limited new dellhi (1971)

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Part 1: Organic chemistry

1- The properties and chemistry of Petroleum and to some of central concepts of organic chemistry: naming, properties, covalent bonding, isomers and petrochemical synthesis.

2- Definition of Organic chemistry and Organic compounds

3- Origin of Organic compounds (vital force theory)

4- Tetra covalency and catenation property of carbon.

5- Organic compounds:

1- Classification of Organic compounds

2- Functional group and homologous series

3- Introduction to hydrocarbon: (Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes)

• Definition

• Classification

• Aliphatic compounds

• Nomenclature, Common names, IUPAC system

• Preparation

• Properties

• Reactions

4- Aliphatic Derivatives: ( alkyl halides, alcohol's, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters , carboxylic acid, amines , amides, mercaptans, carboxylic acids, thiophenes, disulphide, glycols)

• Definition

• Classification

• Aliphatic compounds


• Preparation

• Physical and chemical Properties

• Reactions

5- Aromatic compounds:

• Structural formula of benzene ring


• Preparation

• Physical and chemical Properties

• Reactions

First Year - Chemistry of Petroleum

Petroleum Refinery Eng. and Gas Technology Branch

Units 6

Theore cal 2 hr/week

Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical 2 hr/week

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• Nitration

• Sulphonation

• Halogenation

• Alkylation

6- Structure isomerism in organic compounds

• Definition of Structure isomerism

7- Benzenehomologues :

• Preparation

• Properties

• Reactions of :

• Toluene

• Xylene

• Ethyl benzene

• Styrene

• Phenols

• Anilines

• Naphthalene

8- Heterocyclic compounds:

• Pyridine

• Furan

• Pyrrole

• Thiophenes

• Quinoline

9- Mechanism of :

• Electrophile

• nucleophiles and freeradicals

• Decarboxylation

• Catalytic hydrogenation

• Using Grigrand’s

• Eagent

• Wurtz reaction

• From aldehydes and ketones

• Isomerization

• Reforming processes

• Hydrogenation

• Cracking (pyrolysis)

10- Introduction to polymer

• Mechanism of Polymerization

11- Organo metallic compounds

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12- Identification of organic compound:



• Ultra violet rays Part 2 : Analytical Chemistry: 1- Introduction to Analytical Chemistry: Atomic weight 2- Molecular formula 3- Chemical equations 4- Mole concept 5- Chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constants, 6- Solution Definition 7- Preparation and properties 8- Molarity, Normality, Formality 9- pH, pOH, Buffers, 10- Solubililty 11- Analytical Methods of Analysis:

• Qualitative Analysis

• Quantitative Analysis

• Gravimetric Analysis

• Precipitation reaction

• Direct and indirect method of analysis

• Ksp 12- Volumetric Analysis 13- AcidBase (Neutralization Titration) 14- OxidationReduction Titration

• Ion exchange reactions

• Potentiometric Titration

• Precipitation

• Complex titration 15- Methods of calculation 16- Titration curves Part 3: Instrumental Methods of Analysis

• Photometric

• Colorimetric


• pHmeasurements

• Chromatography



• Errors & Statistical Treatment of Analytical Data Part 4 : 1- Analytical laboratory

• The chemicals, apparatus and unit operation in analytical chemistry

• Titration methods of analysis

• Acid-base Titrations: standardization of HCl and determination of NaOH normality

• Quantitative determination of carbonate and hydroxide in mixer

• Back titration

• Acidity of vingar

• Redox titration

• Determination of Cl by molher method

• Complexation and precipitation titrations.

• Applications of standard electrode potentials calculations of redox equilibrium constant.

• Paper chromatographic methods

• Identification of ions

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2- Organic laboratory � Melting point � Boiling point � Purification � Distillation � Preparation of aspirin � Preparation of ester � Identification of functional groups � Saponfication � Day & colorants � Preparation of acetic acid � Preparation of ethyl acetate � Identification of organic compounds References:

1) Chemistry the central science 8th edition by Brown, LeMay, Bursten.

2) Organic chemistry 4th edition by john wiely and sons (2001).

3) Organic chemistry 1st edition by Janice Gorzynski smith (2006)

4) Analytical chemistry by Y.Anjaneyulu, K.chandrasekhar (2006)

5) Organic chemistry by prentice –Hall of INDIA private limited new dellhi (1971)

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Part 1- Engineering Drawing

1. Introduction: (3 hrs)

General Information about Engineering Drawing and its Importance, Drawing Instruments, Types of Lines used in Drawing, Planing of Drawing Paper.

2. Projection Drawing: (9 hrs)

First and Third Angle Projection.

3. Sectioning Drawing: (6 hrs)

Full and Half Section.

4. The Finding of Third View. (6 hrs) 5. Pictorial Drawing: (6 hrs) Isometric and Oblique. Part 2-AutoCAD 1.Definition of AutoCAD Programs, its Applications, Relationship Between CAD and

Engineering Drawing. (6 hrs) 2. AutoCAD Drawing Commands and Applications (Line, Circle,….etc). (18 hrs) 3. Projection Drawing (2D) in Engineering Shape. (9 hrs) 4. Sectioning Drawing (Full and Half Section). (12 hrs) 5. Three-Dimensional Drawing (3D). (6 hrs) 6. Simple Shape for Three-Dimensional Drawing. (9 hrs)

First Year - Engineering Drawing


Branch

Units 4

Theoretical 1 hr/week

Tutorial - hr/week

Practical 2 hr/week

19

A Mechanics

1.Principles of Static: (2 hrs)

Mechanics definition, Rigid bodes, Force systems, Static [Equilibrium], Dynamics, Scalar and vector quantities.

2. Resultants of Force System: (5 hrs)

Resultant, Composition and resolution of forces.

3. Equilibrium of Force System: (6 hrs)

Condition of Equilibrium, Moment of force.

4 .Friction: (6 hrs)

Theory of friction, friction on an inclined plane

5. Centroid and Center of Gravity: (6 hrs)

6 .Moment of Inertia (Second moment of the axis): (6 hrs)

Polar moment of inertia, Transfer formula for moment of inertia

B Strength of Materials

1. Introduction Force in Rigid Bodies: (1 hr)

2. Definition of Stress and Strain: (1 hr)

3. Stress – Strain Diagrams: (2 hrs)

4. Proportional Limits: (4 hrs)

Elastic limit, Stiffness elasticity, Plasticity, Hardness and working stress.

5. Hook ُ◌s Law: (2 hrs)

6. Poisson, Ratio, Composite Stresses: (4 hrs)

7. Volumetric Stress, Bulk Modules: (4 hrs)

8. Thin Walled Cylinders: (4 hrs)

9. Thermal Stress: (4 hrs)

10. Shear and Bending Moments in Beam: (4 hrs)

First Year - Engineering Mechanics & Strength of Materials


Units 4

Theore cal 2 hr/week

Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical -hr/week

20

1-introduction to DC circuit Material use in electric component, ohms law, temperature Coefficient, Review of Kirchoffs

Laws Series Parallel circuit, equivalent resistance, star / delta Conversion 2-Ac circuit Concepts of AC circuit, rms value Average value, from and peak factors, real and Reactive

power – power factor. 3-Node and mesh analysis Node and Mesh methods of analysis of DC Circuit and Simple AC Circuits 4- Polyphases circuit Introduction to three phase circuits Introduction to three phase system Phase and line parameter – relations Power measurement Voltmeter and ammeter method 5- DC and AC generator and motor Principle of DC generator and motor Transformer Introduction motor(Single phase) 6-Source for electrical energy and distribution Source for electric for electrical energy conversion – thermal and hydraulic Plan. ( Block diagram approach only ) Components of AC transmission and distribution system – line diagram 7-Semi conductor devices : Doping transistor diode and rectifier (half and full wave rectifier) Amplifier (common emitter and common amplifier) 8-Measuring instruments : Transducers, Resistance temperature detector, thermocouple and temperature Controller strain gauge – piezo electric transducer. References Electrical Technology by huge Basic Electrical Engineering

First Year - Electrical Technology


Units 2


Tutorial : 1 hr/week

Practical : -hr/week

21

1. Microsoft Office (6 hrs)

• Microsoft word

• Microsoft excel

• Microsoft power point 2. Introduction to Visual Basic Programming (6 hrs)

• Menu bar

• Tools bar

• Project explorer

• Tool box

• Properties windows

• Form

• Code

• Controls: Command Buttons, Label, Textbox, Pointers, Picture box, frame.

• Naming Controls.

• Properties for controls: Height, Width, Left, Top, Font, Forecolor, Backcolor, Name, Caption, Text, and Visible.

• Events.

• Saving Visual Basic Project.

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 3. Mathematics (6 hrs)

• Arithmetic Operations: +, , *, /, \, mod, ^. (Using Simple Example for each Operation).

• Logical Operations. AND, OR, NOT. And the Truth Table for each Operation.

• (Using Simple Example for each Operation).

• Relational Operation: >, <, >=, <=, <>, =.

• String Concatenation (&).

• Operation Precedence. For all arithmetic, logical, relational operators.

• Print statement and Formatting. Illustrate (colon, comma, and semicolon).

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 4. Built in Functions (6 hrs)

• Builtin math functions:

• Abs(x), Int(x), Rnd(x), sgn(x), sqr(x), str(x), val(x), round(x, n), CInt(x), Fix(x).

• String Functions

• InputBox.

• MsgBox.

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 5. Selection Structure (6 hrs)

• Single Selection: If/Then structure.

• Double Selection: If/Then/Else structure.

• Nested If/Then/Else structure.

• Select Case Multiple Selection Structure.

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 6. Reputation Structure (4 hrs)

• For ... Next Loop.

• While ... Wend

First Year - Computer Programming(I)


Units 4


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2 hr/week

22

• Do .... While ... Loop.

• Do ... Loop Until

• Exit Do, Exit For Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications 7. Variables (6 hrs)

• Data Types: Boolean, Integer, Long, Single, Double, String.

• Valid Naming of Variables.

• Initial Value for each Type of the Variables (Initial Value for each Data Type).

• Size of each Variable Type in Bytes.

• How to Declare Variables. (Dim statement).

• Using: Dim variablename As Data type.

• Using Suffix: Integer, Long, Single, Double, String.

• Constant Variable.

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 8. Arrays (6 hrs)

• Introduction: Defining Arrays.

• Array Declaration Statement.

• Assigning Values for Arrays (i.e. filling array's element value either by loop or by direct assignment statement).

• ReDim Statement.

• Using Loops with Arrays. (i.e. writing an application on array using loops).

• Two Dimensional Arrays.

• Operations on Arrays:

• Fill Array Elements with Random Numbers using Rnd Function.

• Sorting.

• Searching. (i.e. Linear search).

• Swapping Two Elements.

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 9. Graphics in Visual Basic (4 hrs)

• Graphics control

• Picture box

• Image box

• Coordinate system

• Pixel

• Graphics methods (Line, Circle, pset)

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 10. Graphics in Visual Basic (4 hrs)

• Graphics control

• Picture box

• Image box

• Coordinate system

• Pixel

• Graphics methods (Line, Circle, pset)

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. 11. Database (6 hrs)

• Accessing Database

• Data Control DAO, ADO, RDO

• Visual Basic and Access Connectivity

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications.

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12. Designing Reports (4 hrs)

• Introduction

• Objective

• Introduction to Report Designer

• Creating Report

• Data

• Report

• Data Environment

• Examples: Chemical Engineering Applications. Reference Books 1) Working in Microsoft Office By Ron Mansfield 1996 2) Visual Basic By Abdul Mutalib 3) Programming in VB By: P.K. McBride 4) Mastering in VB By: Evangelos Petroutsos 5) Visual Basic 6 By: Noel Jerke 6) Programming in VB.6 By: Rajendra Salokhe 7) Visual Basic 6 By Gary Cornell 8) Visual Basic 6 By Steve Brown 9) Muvach’s Visual Basic 6 By Muvach

24

Refer to Centralize Curriculum

First Year - Workshop


Units 4

Theoretical -hr/week

Tutorial -hr/week

Practical 6hr/week

25

1) Psychological construction and its relationship with human rights: the feeling,

the unconscious, psychological construction positives.

2) Human Rights: History, definition, characteristics, goals, human rights

violations.

3) Contemporary Arab’s currents, its position on human rights.

4) Secular: the early stages of it’s development, disadvantages, her features.

5) How can you balance between civil rights and social.

6) Capitalist and socialist society with human rights.

7) Closed society and an opened society: its position throughout human rights.

8) Theory of the social contract :

a. Thomas Hughes

b. Jan-Jack Rousseau

c. Volter

d. Auxt Comte

e. Max Weber

f. Montesquieu

9) Relationship of rights to democracy.

10) Relationship of rights to urbanization.

11) Relationship of rights with globalization.

12) Globalization: between rejection and acceptance.

13) How can rooting the values of human rights in :

a. Arab Culture

b. in the great cultures

Second Year - Human Rights


Units 1

Theoretical : 1hr/week

Tutorial : 1hr/week


26

1 - Democracy: definition, a brief history, characteristics advantages of democracy

and it,s disadvantages.

2 - The most important problems facing the implementation of democracy in the

Arab-Muslim world.

3 - Relationship awareness in the application of democracy.

4 - How can we adapt our culture with the principles of democracy.

5 – Democratic between changes and external pressures.

6 - A pressure group, the difference between them and the political parties.

7 - The advantages of democracy and the disadvantages of secularism and Islam.

8 - The role of the middle class in the social and political life.

9 - The theory of social determinism in state-building.

10 - Relationship between democracy and globalization.

11 - Factors that lie behind the emergence of democracy.

12 - Development and democracy.

13 - Religion and Democracy.

14 –The third way between socialism and capitalism.

15 - Reasons for the spread of financial and administrative corruption and how to

confront it.

16 - The reasons for the collapse of democracy.

17 – The relationship between the intellectual and power.

18 – The relationship between consciousness and the rooting of democracy.

Second Year - Democracy


Units 1


Tutorial : 1hr/week


27

1.Partial Differentiation Function of two or more variables, partial derivatives, Directional derivatives, higher order

derivatives, Maxima, minima and saddle point, Lagrange multipliers. (10 hrs) 2.Ordinary differential equations

Solution of first order ordinary differential equations, Solution of second order ordinary differential equations, and higher order differential equations. (10 hrs)

3.Multiple Integrals

Double Integral, Area, Volume, Double Integral in polar coordinates, Triple Integral in rectangular coordinates, physical application of double and triple integration. (10 hrs)

4.Function and definite Integrals

The error function, the gamma function, the beta function, factorial function. (5 hrs)

5.Infinite Sequences and Series Sequences, Convergence, Geometric series, nth partial sum, tests of convergence, alternating

series, power and Taylors series. (6 hrs) 6.Fourier series

Periodic functions, Fourier series, Even and odd functions, Half range expansion. (6 hrs) 7.Vectors and Vector functions

Products of three vectors, Equations of lines and planes, Vector function and motion (velocity and acceleration). (5 hrs) 8.Matrices

Solution of system of linear equations by matrix (Inverse of matrix, Gauss elimination), Rank of matrix, Eigen values and Eigen vectors. (8 hrs)

Second Year - Mathematics (II)


Units 4


Tutorial : 1hr/week


28

1-Energy Balances: (24 hrs)

Basic concepts and definitions.

Forms of energy.

First law of thermodynamics.

Energy balance on closed and open systems without chemical reaction Reversible processes and mechanical energy balance equation .

Heat capacity (Cp and Cv ).

Calculation of enthalpy changes:

(a) Enthalpy changes without change of phase .

(b) Enthalpy changes with phase transitions.

(c) Enthalpy balance on heat exchange unit.

(d) Enthalpy changes using steam tables.

Energy balances with chemical reactions.

2-Simultaneous Material and Energy Balances: (20 hrs)

Material and energy balances for steady state processes.

Heats of solution and mixing.

Enthalpy – concentration charts.

Partial saturation and humidity.

Psychometric (humidity) charts.

3-Unsteady State Material and Energy Balances: (16 hrs)

Representation of a general unsteady-state process.

Unsteady-state material balance without generation.

Material balance on batch distillation.

Unsteady-state chemical reaction.

Unsteady-state energy balance.

References

1-Himmelblau, D.M., and J.B.Riggs, Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering

,7th edition, PrenticeHall Inc., New Jersey, 2004.

2-Felder,R.M.,and R.W.Rousseau,Elementry Principles of Chemical Processes, 3rd edition,

John Wiley, New York, 2005.

3-Bhatt ,B.I, and S.M.Vora, Stoichiometry, 4th edition,Tata Mc-GrawHill, New Delhi,2004.

4-Williams,E.T.and R.C.Johnson,Stoichiometry for Chemical Engineers, Mc-GrawHill,New

York,1958.

Second Year – Basic Principles of Chemical Engineering (П)


Units 4

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical - hr/week

29

5-Sinnott,R.K.,Chemical Engineeing Design (Coulson & Richardson’s Chemical Engineering

Series,Vol.6),4th edition ,Elesevier,Amsterdam,2005.

6-Schmidt,A.X.,and H.L.List ,Material and Energy Balances,Prentice-Hall Inc.,New Jersey,1962.

7-Kammermeyer,K.,and J.O.Osburn, Process Calculations, Prentice-Hall Inc.,New Jersey,1956.

30

1-Introduction - Definition of a fluid, fluid mechanics - Physical properties of fluids: Density, specific gravity, viscosity, Kinematic viscosity, Newton’s

law of viscosity, surface tension and capillarity, bulk modulus of Elasticity, Pressure - Types of Fluids, Newtonian, non-Newtonian fluids ideal and real fluids

(2 hr) 2-Dimensional Analysis - Fundamental dimensions, dimensions - Dimensional homogeneity - methods of dimensional analysis, 1-Rayleigh’s method (power series) 2-Buckingham’s Π method / Theorem - Dimensionless numbers (4 hrs) 3-Fluid Statics - Basic equation of fluid statics, pressure head of liquid - Pressure force on surfaces - Buoyancy - Measurement of pressure: (Piezometer, Manometers, types of Manometers, Mechanical

Gauges). (4 hrs) 4-Fluid kinematics - Types of fluid flow (steady and unsteady flows, uniform and non-uniform flows, one, two, and

three dimensional flows, Rotational and ir-rotational flows, laminar and turbulent, compressible and incompressible flows), Boundary layer,

- Continuity equation - Momentum equation (2 hr) 5-Fluid Dynamics - Bernoulli’s equation, Euler’s equation of motion, modified Bernoulli’s equation for real fluid;

correction of kinetic energy, correction of energy losses (viscous fluid), work. (4 hrs) 6-Newtonian’s Fluid (Incompressible flow in Pipe and Channels) - Reynolds experiment - Head losses (skin friction) in circular pipes for laminar flow by HagenPoiseuille law and fore turbulent flow by Darcy equation - Head losses (form friction) in fittings, sudden expansion or contraction - Velocity distribution for laminar and turbulent flow - Flow in Branch Pipes - Flow in noncircular pipes - Flow in open channels (6 hrs) 7-NonNewtonian Fluids in Pipes - Definition, types of fluid depended on time, calculation of friction and pressure drop for general time independent in laminar and turbulent flow (4 hrs) 8-Flow Measurement (Practical Application of Bernoulli’s Equation)

- Pitot tubes, orifice meter, venturi meter, nozzle meter, Rotameters other types of flow meters, flow in open channels and weirs (6 hrs)

Second Year - Fluid Flow


Units 6

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical 2 hr/week

31

9-Pumping of Liquids

- Total heads, NPSH, Horse Power and cost consumption, Pumping Efficiencies - Characteristics curves - Types of the pumps, Selection of Pumps - Centrifugal pump relations, homologous centrifugal pump, centrifugal pumps in series and in paralle (4 hrs) 10-Flow of Compressible Fluid - General equation, equation of state, sonic velocity in fluids - Isothermal, Non-isothermal and Adiabatic flow of an ideal gas in horizontal pipe - Converging-diverging nozzle for gas flow - Type of Compressor - Gas compression and compressors work and efficiency (8 hrs) 11-TwoPhase Flow - Flow regime - Pressure Momentum, and Energy relations, calculation of pressure drop by Lockhart and Martinelli method. (2 hr)

12-Liquid Mixing - Stirring and mixing - Stirred vessels (power consumption, power curve, scaledup), equipment (4 hrs) 13-Motion of Particles in a Fluid - Drag force on a particle, terminal falling velocities - Sedimentation of fine and coarse Particles (4 hrs) 14-Flow of Fluid through Granular Bed and Packed Columns - Pressure drop in granular beds, packed columns: packings, Pressure drop estimation (Kozeny and Carmen equations) (4 hrs) 15- Fluidization - Minimum fluidization velocity, Pressure, Pressure drop, Geldart Diagram, Ergun equation, bed expansion and transport of particles. (2 hr)

List of Practical's 1. FLOW VISUALIZATION 2. CALIBRATION OF BOURDON TUBE PRESSURE GAUGE 3. REYNOLD'S EXPERIMENT 4. FRICTION LOSS ALONG APIPE 5. FRICTION LOSSES IN PIPING SYSTEMS 6. IMPACT OF AJET 7. FLOW THROUGH VENTURI METER 8. DISCHARGE THROUGH AN ORIFICE 9. FLOW MEASURING APPARATUS 10. OPEN CHANNEL FLOW OVER WEIR 11. PUMPS (CENTRIFUGAL AND GEAR PUMP) 12. FLOW OF COMPRESSIBLE FLUID 13. FLUIDIZATION 14. FORCED VORTEX

Recommended Books

1. “Chemical Engineering” Vol. I and II by Coulson and Richardson; 6th ed.,

ButterworthHeinemann, 1999

2. “Fluid Flow for Chemical Engineers”, by F.A. Holland and R. Bragg 2nd Ed. (1995) Elisevier

Ltd.

32

3. “Chemical Enginering Fluid Mechanics”, by DARBY. R. , M. Dekker 2nd Ed. (2001)

4. “Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers”, by James O. Wilkes, Prentice Hall PTR, New

Jersey, USA, 1999.

5. “Fluid Mechanics for Chemical Engineers”, by De Nevers, N. (1991) McGrawHill, Singapore.

6. “Fluid Mechanics”, by Streeter and Wylie, McGrawHill (1981).

33

Chemical kinetic (16 hrs)

(6 hr)

(12 hr)

(12 hr)

The rate of chemical reactions order of reaction and rate constant zero, first, second and third order rate equations.

Reversible reactions. Consecutive reactions. Parallel reactions. Determination at the reactions order. Reactions in flow system. Effect of temperature on reaction on reaction rate. Activation energy. Catalysis Reaction of catalyst in homogeneity system. Enzyme reactions and kinetic of reactions. Electrochemistry Conductivity measurements. Diffusion and ionic mobilities. Activity and ionic strength. Determination of activity coefficient from solubility. The debyehakle theory. Acidbase catalysis and their dissociation constant. Electrochemical cells Electromotive force (EMF) of a cell. The polarity of electrodes. The cell reaction and reversible cells. Free energy and reversible cells. Types of halfcells and classification EMF. Standard free energy and entropy of aqueous ions. Calculation of EMF of a cell. Oxidation – reduction reactions. Concentration cells. Electrolysis. Corrosion. First law and other basic concepts (12 hr)

(9 hr)

Joules experiments Internal energy Formulation of the first law of thermodynamics. The thermodynamic state and state functions. Enthalpy The steady-state flow process. Equilibrium The phase rule The reversible process. Heat capacity and specific heat. Applications of the equations of ideal gases

Second Year - Physical Chemistry


Units 6

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

34

The PVT behavior of pure substances. The virial equation. The ideal gas. The constant volume process. The constant pressure process. The adiabatic process. The polytropic process.

Heat effects (12 hr) (12 hr)

Heat capacities of gases as a function of temperature. Solids and liquid. Heat change accompanying phase change. Heat of industrial reactions.

The second law of thermodynamics Heat engine. Entropy. Second law limitation and real process. Entropy change and irreversibility and probability. Third law of thermodynamics.

35

1. STARTING WITH MATLAB ( 4 hrs)

• Starting MATLAB, MATLAB windows

• Menus and the toolbar

• Working in the command window

• Arithmetic operations with scalars

• Display formats

• Elementary math builtin functions

• Useful commands for managing variables

• Script files and the Editor Debugger

• Matlab Help System 2. SYMBOLIC MATH ( 6 hrs)

• Symbolic objects, and symbolic expressions

• Changing the form of an existing symbolic expression

• Solving algebraic equations

• Differentiation

• Integration

• Solving an ordinary differential equation 3. CREATING ARRAYS ( 4 hrs)

• Creating a one-dimensional array (vector)

• Creating a two-dimensional array (matrix)

• The transpose operator

• Array addressing

• Using a colon: in addressing arrays

• Adding elements to existing variables

• Deleting elements

• Built-in functions for handling arrays

• Strings and strings as variables 4. MATHEMATICS WITH ARRAYS ( 6 hrs)

• Addition and subtraction

• Array multiplication

• Array division

• Element-by-element operations

• Using arrays in MATLAB built-in math functions

• Built-in functions for analyzing arrays

• Generation of random numbers

• Solving Algebraic Equations 5. POLYNOMIALS, CURVE FITTING, AND INTERPOLATION ( 4 hrs)

• Polynomials

• Curve fitting

• Interpolation

• Extrapolation 6. TWO-DIMENSIONAL PLOTS ( 4 hrs)

• The plot command

• The f-plot command

Second Year - Computer Programming (II)


Units 4


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

36

• Plotting multiple graphs in the same plot

• Formatting a plot

• Plots with logarithmic axes

• Plots with error bars

• Plots with special graphics

• Histograms

• Plotting multiple plots on the same page

• Multiple figure windows

• Graphics 7. USING SCRIPT FILES ( 2 hrs)

• The MATLAB workspace and the workspace window

• Input to a script file

• Output commands

• The save and load commands

• Importing and exporting data 8. FUNCTIONS AND FUNCTION FILES ( 4 hrs)

• Creating a function file

• Structure of a function file

• Local and global variables

• Saving a function file

• Using a user-defined function

• Examples of simple user-defined functions

• Comparison between script files and function files

• Function functions

• Sub-functions 9. PROGRAMMING IN MATLAB ( 6 hrs)

• Relational and logical operators

• Conditional statements

• The switch case statement

• Loops

• Program Design and Development 10. THREE-DIMENSIONAL PLOTS ( 4 hrs)

• Line plots

• Mesh and surface plots

• Plots with special graphics

• The view command 11. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ( 6 hrs)

• Solving an equation with one variable

• Finding a minimum or a maximum of a function

• Numerical integration

• Ordinary differential equations 12 SOLVING CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS (10 hrs)

• Thermodynamic Applications

• Material and Energy Balances

• Fluid Flow Applications

• Simulation of Chemical Process

• Simulation of Chemical Process With Chemical Reaction

• Simulation of Separation Processes REFFERENCE BOOKS

37

1. Rudra Pratap: Getting started with MATLAB 7, Oxford Press (Indian edition),2006. 2. Desmond J. Higham and Nicolas J. Higham: Matlab Guide, SIAM, 2000. 3. Duane Hanselman and Bruce Littlefield: Mastering Matlab6: A Comprehensive Tutorial and

Reference, Prentice Hall, 2001. 4. Delores M. Etter: Engineering problem solving with Matlab, Prentice Hall,1993. 5. Schilling R. J., Harries S.L., Applied Numerical Methods for Engineers using MATLAB & C,

Thomson Books, 2002. WEB SITES : 1. Documentation from www.Mathworks.com 2. File exchange from www .matlabcentral.com 3. http://www.mathworks.com/access/helpdesk/help/techdoc/learn_matlab/ 4. http://www.mathworks.com/academia/student_center/tutorials/

38

1-Classification of Materials Classification of materials, classification of materials based on structure, advanced materials. (4 hrs) 2-Mechanical Properties of Materials. Stress-strain behavior, ductility, brittleness, toughness, modulus of resilience, poison,s ratio, hardness , effect of temperature. (6 hrs) 3-Atomic structure The structure of atom, atomic bonding, bonding energy and inter-atomic spacing . (6 hrs) 4-Atomic order in solids Types of atomic or ionic arrangements, crystal structure, lattice, unit cells, metallic crystal structure, crystal systems, crystal direction and crystal planes , diffraction techniques for crystal structure analysis . (8 hrs) 5-Imperfections in solids Point defects, line defects, interfacial imperfections, Macroscopic defects . (6 hrs) 6-Atomic and ion movements in materials Stability of atoms and ions, mechanisms for diffusion , rate of diffusion (Fick,s first law), factors affecting diffusion ,non-steady state diffusion (Fick,s second law) . (6 hrs) 7-Thermal and electrical properties of materials Heat capacity, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, thermal stresses, electrical conductivity, electron mobility, electrical resistivity of metals . (4 hrs) 8-Solid solutions and phase diagrams. Basic concepts, solubility and solid solution, phase and phase diagram, unary phase diagram, binary Iso-morphous system, binary eutectic system. (6 hrs) 9-The Iron-Carbon system. The Iron-Iron carbide phase diagram, development of microstructures in Iron-carbon alloys (6 hrs) 10-Ceramic materials . Crystal structure, mechanical properties of ceramic, classification of ceramic materials on the basis of application . (4 hrs) 11-Composites Material combination, Reinforced composites, structural composites. (4 hrs) References: 1-Donaled R. Askeland, The science and engineering of materials, international student edition, 2006 . 2-William D. Callister, Jr. , Materials science and engineering, Fifth edition, 2000. 3-Lawrence H. Vanvlack , Elements of materials science and engineering, Fifth edition, 1987.

Second Year - Material Science and Engineering


Units 5


Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

39

1. Energy and Fuels: Energy and its, Classification in Technology section ,Physical and Chemical classification of fuel, solid fuels (coal),the industrial process on coal to derive different product. (4 hrs) 2.Petroleum and petroleum products : Definition , Origion,Composition, Classification of Petroleum, Petroleum assay. (6 hrs) 3.PreTreatment of petroleum: Dehydration & Desulting of crude petroleum. (2 hrs) 4. Gaseous Fuels: Introduction, Natural gas, Refinery gas, Liquefied petroleum gas, Measurement of calorific value of fuel gas, Fuel gas cleaning and purification. (2 hrs) 5.Petroleum Fractions Properties: Gasoline, Naphtha, Kerosene, Diesel Fuel, Distillate Fuel oil, residual fuel oil, Lubricating oil, Grease, Wax, Coke (8 hrs) 6. Combustion calculations: Combustion process, Required air Excess air ,Stack gas analysis and Orsat analysis (4 hrs) 7. Burners:

Combustion of solid fuel, Grates, Solid fuel burner, Liquid fuel burner and gas fuel burner (2 hrs)

8. Furnaces: Furnace types in oil industrial, boilers and steam production that used in different industrial.

(2 hrs) REFERENCES: 1.Nelson, W. L. Petroleum Refinery Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company

Limited, 1985. 2. B.K. Bhaskara Rao, “Modern Petroleum Refining Processes” Edn. 3, Oxford & IBH Publishing

Company Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. 3. Gary J., Handework G., “ Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics”,Marcell Dekker

Inc. 1984. 4.Speight,J.G,Handbook of petroleum product analysis, John Willey&Sons, 2002. 5.Gupta,O.P.,Elements of Fuels,Furnaces & Refractories, Khanna publishers,5th ed,2008.

Second Year - Fuel's Technology

Chemical Process Eng. Branch

Units 3


Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical 2 hr/week

40

1.Petroleum Analysis: Definitions ,Historical perspective ,Modern perspective ,Analysis and specification, Sampling

,Measurement. (2 hrs) 2:Petroleum and Petroleum Product:

2.1:Petroleum:Definition,Petroleum assay(carbon residue , asphaltene content) Density ,distillation ,Light hydrocarbon, salt content , Sulfur content, Viscosity and pour point.

(2 hrs) 2.2:Petroleum Product: 2.2.1: Refinery gases (2 hrs) 2.2.2: Naphtha[Production and Properties ,Test method(Aniline point and Mixed aniline point,

Density ,Flash point, Volatility ,Evaporation Rate)]. (2 hrs) 2.2.3: Gasoline:[Production and Properties ,Test method(Additives, Combustion

Characteristic ,Flash point and Fire point, Oxygenates ,Volatility)] (2 hrs) 2.2.4: Aviation Fuel:[Production and Properties ,Test method(Acidity ,Additives, Calorific value

,Density , Flash point , Freezing point, Pour point ,thermal stability). (2 hrs) 2.2.5 : Kerosene:[Production and Properties, Test method (Acidity ,Calorific value , Freezing

point , Flash point , Smoke point, Viscosity, Water and Sediment)] . (2 hrs) 2.2.6: Diesel fuel: [Production and Properties , Test method ( Acidity , Ash , Carbon residue ,

Cetane number and Cetane index ,Cloud point, Diesel index , Pour point and Volatility)]. (2 hrs)

2.2.7 : Distillate Fuel Oil : [Production and Properties ,Test method( Acidity ,Ash content, Cloud point , Flash point , Pour point, Volatility ,Viscosity )]. (2 hrs)

2.2.8 : Residual Fuel Oil[Production and Properties, Test method(Ash, Asphaltene content, Carbon residue, Element analysis, Flash point, Pour point)]. (2 hrs) 2.2.9:Mineral Oil:[Production and Properties ,Test method(acidity, aniline Point, Asphaltene content , Carbonizabale substances ,Carbon residue , Interfacial tension ,iodine value , and smoke point)] .

(2 hrs) 2.2.10 : Lubricating oil ( production and properties , test method ,ash ,asphaltene content

,Carbonizabale substances, Color , Flash point , Viscosity)]. (2 hrs) 2.2.11 : Grease: [Production and Properties, Test method (Acidity , Anticorrosion properties ,

Dropping point , Oil separation , Penetration and Viscosity) (2hrs) 2.2.12 : Wax:[Production and Properties, Test method( appearance ,barrier properties , color ,

hardness ,odor and taste , slip properties , strength)] (2 hrs) 2.2.13 : Asphalt[ Production and Properties, Test method (acid number , breaking point , carbon

residue , flash point , penetration)]. (1 hr) 2.2.14 : Coke, [Production and Properties, Test method (ash ,calorific value , dust control

material , proximate analysis , sulfur , volatile matter and water)] . (1 hr) REFERENCES 1.Speight,J.G,Handbook of petroleum product analysis, John Willey&Sons,2002. 2. Speight,J.G, and Ozum,B; Petroleum Refinery Processes, Macel Dekker, New York,2002. 3. Speight,J.G, The chemistry and Technology of Petroleum.3rd Edition .Marcel Dekker ,New

York,1999. 4.Institute of Petroleum.2001.IP Standard Methods. The Institute of Petroleum ,London, UK.

Second Year - Properties of Petroleum Products


Units 3


Tutorial 1 hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

41

1. Introduction: statistics, population & sample, descriptive and inductive stat. & graphical representation of data (2 hrs)

2. Frequency distribution table, raw data, arrays & types of frequencies (4 hrs) 3. Graphical representation of frequency distribution table (2 hrs) 4. Measures of central tendency (2 hrs) 5. Measures of dispersion (2 hrs) 6. Curve fitting, least squares method, straight line relation, straight line forms. Polynomial

regression, variance and correlation coefficient (4 hrs) 7. Multiple and partial correlation: regression equation, normal equations for the least square

regression, the coefficient for multiple correlation, relationship between multiple and partial correlations (4 hrs)

8. Probability distribution, continuous & discrete probability dist., normal dist., table of area under normal dist. (4 hrs)

9. The binomial distribution, the Possion probability distribution, approximation of standard distributions (4 hrs)

10. The chisquare test, confidence intervals, degree of significant, test of hypothesis (2 hrs) 11. Chisquare test for goodnesss of fit of probability distributions, test of independence (4 hrs) 12. Comparing three or more means ( oneway analysis of variance ) (ANOVA), requirements of

ANOVA test, ANOVA Ftest statistic, decision rule in ANOVA test (4 hrs) 13. Measurements: absolute & relative meas., dependent & independent Variables, classification

of measurements (2 hrs) 14. Errors, types, estimation & propagation of errors . (4 hrs) 15. Measuring instruments, classification of methods for measuring pressure. & temp. level &

velocity (4 hrs) 16. Pressure measurements by balancing against a column of liquid of a known density, and

against the stress in an elastic medium (4 hrs) 17. Temp. meas., expansion thermometers, expansion of solids, liquids & gases (2 hrs) 18. Electrical methods, thermocouples, types, radiation pyrometers (2 hrs) 19. Measurement of level, direct methods, pressure operated methods (4 hrs) 20. Measurements of flow, quantity meters for liquids (2 hrs) 21. Quantity meters for gas, flowmeters for liquids, differential pressure methods (2 hrs)

Second Year - Statistics and Measurments


Units 3


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

42

1 1st law and other basic concepts (2 hr)

Review on 1st law and applications

2 Volumetric properties of pure fluids (4 hrs)

Review on virile equation of state, cubic equation of state, generalized correlations for gases and for liquids.

3 The 2nd law of thermodynamics (4 hrs)

Review on the 2nd law and Carnot heat engine, entropy balance for open system, calculation of ideal work, lost work.

4 Thermodynamic properties of fluids (4 hrs)

Review on the property relations ( residual properties, two

phase systems, thermodynamic diagrams and tables, generalized property correlations for gases.

5 Applications of thermodynamics to flow processes (6 hrs)

Duct flow of compressible fluids, pipe flow, nozzles, throttling process, turbines, compression processes compressors, ejectors.

6 Production of power from heat (8 hrs)

The steam power plant, Rankin cycle, the regenerative cycle, internal combustion engines Otto engine, diesel engine, gas turbine engine, jet engine.

7 Refrigeration and liquefaction (6 hrs)

The Carnot refrigerator, the vapor compression cycle, the choice of refrigerant, absorption refrigeration, the heat pump, liquefaction processes.

8 Thermodynamic analysis of processes

Second law relation for steady state flow processes, calculation of ideal work, thermodynamic analysis of steady state flow processes. (6 hrs)

9 Vapor\liquid equilibrium; introduction (6 hrs)

The nature of equilibrium, the phase rule, duhems theorem, diagrams for vaporliquid equilibrium, simple models for vL equilibrium: Raults law, dew point and bubble point calculations, Henrys law, VLE by modified raults law, VLE from Kvalue correlations, flash calculations.

10 Solution thermodynamics: theory (8 hrs)

Fundamental property relations, the chemical potential and phase equilibrium, partial properties, ideal gas mixtures, fugacity and fugacity coefficient, the fundamental residual property relations, fugacity coefficient from the virial equation of state, generalized correlations for fugacity coefficient, the ideal solutions, Lewis-Randall rule, excess properties, the nature of excess properties.

11 Chemical Reaction equilibrium (6 hrs)

The reaction coordinate, standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant, effect of temperature on equilibrium constant, evaluation of equilibrium constant, liquid phase reactions, equilibrium conversion for single reactions.

Third Year - Thermodynamics


Units 4


Tutorial : 1hr/week


43

1. Reviews solution methods of 1st and 2nd ordinary differential equations (linear and nonlinear, homogeneous, …etc). (6 hrs)

2. Mathematical Statement of the Problem Representation of the problem, Absorption with chemical reaction, Reaction in a spherical and cylindrical catalyst, Radial heat transfer through a cylindrical conductor, Simultaneous diffusion and chemical reaction in a tubular reactor. (9 hrs) 3. Solution by Series Infinite series by Taylor theorem, Method of Frobenius (Case I, II, IIIa, and IIIb), Bessels’s and Modified Bessel’s Equation, Properties of Bessel Functions, Applications in chemical engineering ,Tubular Gas Preheater, Reaction in axisymmetric Spherical and Cylindrical pellets. (15 hrs) 4. Laplace Transformation Definition of Laplace Transformation, Inverse Transform, Properties of the Laplace Transformation, The Step Functions, Convolution, Inversion by Elementary Integration, Inversion by Residual Method, Applications in Chemical Engineering. (10 hrs) 5. Partial Differential Equations Interpretation of Partial Derivatives, Formulating of Partial Derivatives, Typed of boundary Conditions, Partial Solutions of Partial Differential Equations, Combination of Variables Method, Separation of Variables Method, Laplace Method. (10 hrs) 6. Finite Differences Nonlinear mathematics for 1st & 2nd order ordinary differential equations, Symbolic Operators, Backward Difference Operator, Forward Difference Operator, Central Difference Operator and The Average Operator, Difference Equation and Their Solutions, Interpolations of Equally Spaced Points ,Interpolations of Equally Spaced Points ,Applications in Finite Difference Equation, Linear Finite Difference Equations, NonLinear Finite Difference Equations and Their Solutions. (10 hrs)

Third Year - Applied Mathematics


Units 4

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

44

1. Mass Transfer Fundamentals: Steady State mass transfer .Diffusion in binary and multicomponent gases. Diffusion in binary

and multicomponent Liquids. Convective mass transfer .Mass transfer coefficients .Two film theory.

( 12 hrs ) 2. Boundary Layer : Boundary layer in laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layer in laminar sub layer, transition

layer. Velocity distribution on surfaces and pipes, momentum ,heat and mass transfer molecular diffusion. Eddy transfer . ( 8 hrs )

3. Methods of gasliquid separation (Absorption & Stripping ): Determination of interfacial mole fractions. Individual and overall mass transfer coefficients.

Single stage absorption, multistage absorption .Finding number of stages graphically and through use of correlations for absorption and stripping.

Design of packed beds for dilute and concentrated solutions. Finding number of transfer units. ( 16 hrs )

4. Binary Distillation: Introduction, (T – X – Y) and (XY) equilibrium curves. Flash or equilibrium distillation for binary

and multicomponent mixtures. Distillation with reflux using MckabeThiel .Sorel method to find number of stages .Fensk's

equation to find minimum reflux ratio and minimum theoretical stages. Column efficiency Multicomponent differential distillation.

( 12 hrs ) 5. Multicomponent distillation : Dew and Bubble points calculation methods. Multicomponent equilibrium relationships.

Minimum reflux and minimum number of stages. ( 12 hrs )

Third Year - Mass Transfer

Unit Operation & Petroleum Refining Branch

Units 5

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 3hr/week

45

1-Introduction

Irreversible and reversible reactions, limiting reactant Stoichiometric coefficients , conversion , yield , selectivity , reaction rate law ,Reaction rate constant. (6 hrs)

2-Types of Reactors Batch reactor , semi – batch reactor , continuous flow reactors( i.e. CSTR, PFR) , comparison

of batch and continuous (2 hrs) 3-Batch reactors

Design equation , reaction time , constant volume and constant pressure , batch reactor , isothermal and non-isothermal operations ( adiabatic and non adiabatic ) , Optimal performance for maximum production rate . (2 hrs)

4-Semi – batch reactors Advantages and disadvantages , design equation . (12 hrs)

5-Continuous stirred tank reactors Design equation for isothermal operation , constant – density and variable – density systems .

CSTRs in Parallel and in series , Graphical method for multistage CSTR . (12 hrs)

6-Tubular reactors Design equation for isothermal operation ,residence time , number of tubes , space

velocity , Pressure drop , recycle operation of a . PFR . (12 hrs) 7-Multiple reactions Operation in parallel and in series for single and multiple reactions to obtain maximum amount

of desired product . (8 hrs) 8-Design of industrial Reactors Design considerations, steps of design , applications . ( 6 hrs ) References 1. Ronald W. Missen et al., (1999), "Introduction to chemical reaction engineering and kinetics",

1st edition, John Wiely & Sons, (USA). 2. J.M. Smith (1981), "Chemical engineering kinetics", 3rd edition, McGrowHill, Singapore. 3 H. Scott. Fogler (2006), “ Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering”, 3rd edition,

PrenticeHall of India, New Delhi 4 Octave Levenspiel (1999), “ Chemical Reactor Engineering” , 3rd edition, John Wiely & Sons,

(USA).

Third Year - Reactor Design

Chemical Process Eng.

Units 4

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

46

1.Modes of Heat Transfer:

Conduction, Convection and Radiation. (3 hrs) 2. Steady State Heat Conduction in One Dimension: Plane wall, radial systems, heat source systems, Boundary surrounded by fluids, overall heat transfer coefficient, extended surface, conductionconvection systems and fins.

(24 hrs) 3. Principles of Convection: Transport equations, Fluid mechanism aspect of convection, laminar boundary layer, Thermal boundary layer, Empirical and practical relations for pipe and tube flow and flow normal to single and tube banks.

(18 hrs) 4. Heat Exchangers: Various types and their general characteristics, fouling factor, Heat exchangers mean temperature differences and Cocurrent and countercurrent flow. (12 hrs) 5. Shell and Tube Exchangers: Types and various specifications, design calculations by conventional and by effectiveness (NTU) methods and optimum design calculation. (6 hrs) 6. Condensation and Boiling Heat Transfer: Condensation of single vapors, Design calculations for condenser, Pool and flow boiling.

(9 hrs) 7. Radiation and Furnace design: Radiation properties, shape factor, heat exchange for non black bodies, parallel planes, shields, gas tradition. (9 hrs) 8. Unsteady State Heat Transfer: Temperature as a function of time, lumped capacity system, quenching of small bodies and heating of tank reactor. (10 hrs)

Third Year - Heat Transfer


Units 5

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 3hr/week

47

1-Introduction Stoichiometry, single reaction (reversible and nonreversible), conversion, yield, activation

energy, reaction rate law, rate constant, order of reaction, elementary reaction, Arrhenius equation, Vant Hoff. equation. . (6 hrs)

2- Complex reactions Parallel reactions, series reactions, selectivity, product distribution. (2 hrs) 3- Type of reactors Batch reactors, continuous flow reactors (i.e., CSTR, fixed bed reactor, slurry reactor).

(2 hrs) 4- Batch reactor Design equation for isothermal and non-isothermal operation, maximum production rate.

(12 hrs) 5- Fixed-bed reactor Design equation for isothermal and non-isothermal operation, space time, space velocity,

weight of catalyst, number of tubes. (12 hrs) 6- Continuous stirred tank reactor Design equation for isothermal and non-isothermal operation, space time, space velocity,

optimum operating conditions. (12 hrs) 7-Slurry reactor Introduction, rate law, controlling step. (8 hrs) 8- Industrial study cases of reaction kinetics Cracking of ethane in fixed bed reactor, hydrogenation of oil in batch reactor. (6 hrs) References 1. Ronald W. Missen et al., (1999), "Introduction to chemical reaction engineering and kinetics",

1st edition, John wiely & Sons, (USA). 2. J.M. Smith (1981), "Chemical engineering kinetics", 3rd edition, McGrowHill, Singapore. 3.H. Scott. Fogler (2006), “ Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering”, 3rd edition,

PrenticeHall of India, New Delhi 4 James G. Speight and Baki Ozum, (2002) “ Petroleum Refinery Processes” 1st edition, Marcel

Decker Inc., (USA)

Third Year - Reactor Design


Units 4

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

48

Part A-Equipment Design

1- Process planning: Introduction, Nature of design ,the organization of a chemical engineering projects Scheduling .Standards and codes. Flow sheet design, flow sheet types and designation .Block diagram .Process flow sheet .Piping and instrumentation diagram .Utilities, Computer aided drafting ,process simulation programs .Layout and plot plan .Project evaluation and cost estimation

(6 hrs) 2- Piping network and Pumps : Valves selection . Piping design standards and codes . Pipe

size selection .Mechanical design of piping system. Pump type, pump specifications, and pump data sheet (4 hrs)

3- Vessels and tanks :Types of vessels. Criteria in vessel design ,stress considerations .

Materials of construction commonly used in vessels tanks. Design of tall vertical vessels . Pressure vessels Design. Vessels supports and foundations

(4 hrs) 4- Solid Handling . Screening Classification with Streams of Air or Water Air Classifiers . Size

Reduction . Equipment for Size Reduction Particle Size Enlargement Extrusion Processes (4 hrs)

5- Heat Transfer Equipments : Heat exchanger types and applications. Basic design procedure and theory. Overall heat transfer coefficient. Heat exchanger data sheet. Furnaces convection and radiation zone. Steam boilers (6 hrs)

6- Mass Transfer Equipments : Columns types . Plate Types. Packing types . Pressure drops in

columns . Column data sheets (6 hrs)

Part B-Equipment Design with computer aided design

Applied Design for Pressure vessels ,pumps and compressors flash drum, gas-liquid separator, liquid-liquid separator, gas movers and compressors manually and with computer aided (10 hrs)

Applied Design for heat equipments ( shell And tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger , coil

type exchanger, condenser, vaporizer, air cooler …….etc ) manually and with computer aided (10 hrs)

Applied Design for mass transfer equipments ( distillation column, absorber column, leaching equipment, scrubber …………..etc) manually and with computer aided (10 hrs)

Third Year - Equipment Design


Units 5

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

49

Part A-Equipment Design

1- Process planning: Introduction, Nature of design ,the organization of a chemical engineering projects Scheduling .Standards and codes. Flow sheet design, flow sheet types and designation .Block diagram .Process flow sheet .Piping and instrumentation diagram .Utilities, Computer aided drafting ,process simulation programs .Layout and plot plan .Project evaluation and cost estimation (6 hrs)

2- Piping network and Pumps : Valves selection . Piping design standards and codes . Pipe size selection .Mechanical design of piping system. Pump type, pump specifications, and pump data sheet (4 hrs)

3- Gas-Gas separation ( adsorption, membrane …….etc); Solid-Solid separation ;

Liquid-Solid Separation (4 hrs)

4- Solid Handling . Screening Classification with Streams of Air or Water Air Classifiers . Size Reduction. Equipment for Size Reduction Particle Size Enlargement Extrusion Processes (4 hrs)

5- Heat Transfer Equipments : Heat exchanger types and applications. Basic design procedure

and theory. Overall heat transfer coefficient. Heat exchanger data sheet. Furnaces convection and radiation zone. Steam boilers (6 hrs)

6- Mass Transfer Equipments : Columns types . Plate Types. Packing types . Pressure drops in columns . Column data sheets (6 hrs)

Part B-Equipment Design with computer aided design Applied Design for Pressure vessels ,pumps and compressors flash drum, gas-liquid separator,

liquid-liquid separator, gas movers and compressors manually and with computer aided (12 hrs) Applied Design for heat equipments (shell And tube heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger , coil

type exchanger, condenser, vaporizer, air cooler …….etc) manually and with computer aided (12 hrs)

Applied Design for mass transfer equipments (distillation column, absorber column, leaching

equipment, scrubber…………..etc) manually and with computer aided (12 hrs)

Third Year - Equipment Design


Units 5

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

50

1. ROOT FINDING (4 hrs)

• Bisection method

• Newton's method

• Secant method

• Roots of polynomials 2. INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION (CURVE FITTING) (6 hrs)

• Lagrang form of the interpolation polynomial

• Piecewise linear interpolation

• Cubic spline interpolation

• Regression 3. NUMERICAL INTEGRATION (8 hrs)

• Equally spaced base points

• Newton cotes closed integration formulas

• Newton cotes open integration formulas

• Numerical Integration with in-equally spaced base points

• Orthogonal polynomials

• Numerical differentiation 4. SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS (6 hrs)

• Elementary transformation of matrix

• Gaussian elimination

• Gauss-jordan elimination

• Jacobi iterative method

• Newton-raphson iteration for nonlinear equations 5. APPROXIMATION OF SOLUTION ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION ( 6 hrs)

• Solution of first-order ordinary differential equations

• Taylor's methods

• Eular method

• Runge-Kutta methods

• Simultaneous ordinary differential equations

• Predictor –corrector methods REFFERENCE BOOK Applied Numerical methods

Third Year - Numerical analysis


Units 3

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

51

1.Introduction, definition. (4 hrs) 2. Enzymes.

Classification of enzyme, the role of enzyme in biological reactors, enzyme kinetics (Michaelies-Menten and Briggs –Haldane model), evaluation of kinetic parameters.

(6 hrs) 3. Enzyme reactor (Bioreactor) with simple kinetics. Batch or plug – flow bioreactor. Continuous stirred –tank bioreactor (3 hrs) 4. Effect of mass transfer resistance in enzyme reactor. External mass transfer. Internal mass transfer. (2 hr) 5.Fermenters. Classical growth curve (biocell growth). Deep tank fermenter. Type of aerobic fermenter designs. Mass transfer in aerobic fermenter and oxygen through gas –liquid interface. (4 hrs) 6.Cell kinetics and fermenrer design Batch fermenter. Continuous fermenter. Multiple fermenter connected in serie

(6 hrs) 7. Heat transfer in biological reactor. Sterilization. (2 hr) 8. Waste water treatment. Aerobic biological treatment processes

(2 hrs) 9. Antibiotics production. (1hr) Referenes 1Rajiv Dutta, " Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering", Any Books, Iindia, 2007. 2Nukesh Doble , " Biochemical Engineering" , by Prentice-Hall of India private limited ,New

Delhi, 2007. 3 James E.Bailey , David F. Oils, "Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals",2nd ,1986. 4 –Ronald W. Missen; charles A. Mims ; Bradley A.saville (1999),INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND KINETICS,1st

edition ,John Wilely and Sons Inc.,USA.

Third Year - Bio Chemical Eng.


Units 2

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

52

Introduction to particle and nano technology (15 hrs)

Introduction to particle and nano technology (15 hrs)

• What is particle technology?

• Particle size analysis

•Definitions of size, shape, sampling

•Methods of measurement

• Characterization of powders

• Powder mixing and segregation

•Particle processing

• Size reduction – comminution / milling

• Powder storage

Nanotechnology : (15 hrs)

Defenition of Nanotechnlogy

• Nano-particle technology

• production, properties and behavior of nanomaterial

• Characteristic methods of nanoparticles(SEM,TEM,XRD,XRF,AFM..)

• Application of nanomaterials:

In filtration, Energy, environment, catalyst

• Fire and explosion hazards of powders

• Industrial dust control and health risks

References:

Handbook of analytical methods for material ,INC.2001

Introduction to nanotechnology by Henrik Bruus(2004)

Third Year - Particles & Nano Techonlogy


Units 2

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

53

1. Introduction: (2 hrs) Chemical process industries 2. Basic petrochemical Materials: (8 hrs) a. low Olefins: steam Cracking processes, Cooling, Purification Processes, Compression,

Separation operations, Energy system, b. Diolefin: Sources of diolefins, Butadiene Separation, Isobutylene production, Conversion

process for production of diolefins c. Higher Olefins: production methods of higher olefins d. Linear: Alkyl benzene Complex e. Aromatics: Basic materials, Aromatic Sources, Separation of benzeneTolueneXylene f. Syntheses gas:H2 production: Steam reforming, Partial Oxidation 3. Intermediate Petrochemicals: (8 hrs) Methanol, Ethylene Oxide, Acetic acid, Ethanolamine, Vinyl chloride, Ethylene glycol ,

Acrylonitrile, Adipic Acid, Methyl Tetrabutyl ether, Ethylbezene, Styrene, Phenol, Nitrobenzene, Cyclohexane, Benzoic acid, Terephthalic acid.

4. Polymers: (6 hrs) LDPE, HDPE, PP, PVC,PS 5. Synthetic Fibers: (3 hrs) 6. Petrochemical Complexes: (3 hrs) References Shreve's Chemical Process Industries ,5th edition,1988 KikOthmer, Encyclopedia of chemical trchnology, 3th edition,1984. Mcletta, Encyclopedia of chemical processing and design, 1987 Ullmans' , Encyclopedia of technology ,1987

Third Year - Petrochemical Industries


Units 2

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

54

1.Introduction: (1 hr)

Raw material, characterization

2.Primary Petrochemicals (6 hrs)

Olefins, Diolefins, Higher Olefins, LAB, Aromatics, separation Aromatics, Syn gas, H2 production, steam reforming ,PO

3.Intermediate and derivatives (2 hr) Syn gas derivatives: Methanol, Acetic acid. a. Ethylene derivatives (4 hrs) Vinyl chloride, Ethanol, Ethylene Oxide Ethylene glycol, Mono ethanol amine, DEA&TEA b. Propylene derivatives (2 hr) Acrylonitrile, isoprene c. Derivatives of C4 hydrocarbon (2 hr) Separation of C4 HCS,MTBE d. Benzene derivatives (4 hrs) Ethyl benzene, styrene, nitrobenzene, aniline, cyclohexane, cumene, Phenol, acetone, adipic

acid e. Toluene derivatives (1 hr) Benzoic acid f. Xylene derivatives

Terephthalic acid (1 hr) 4.End Products (6 hrs) a. polymers: LDPE, HDPE, PVC, PP, PS, b. Fibers Polyester, Nylon6, Nylon66, Acrylic fibers 5.Petrochemical complex (1 hr) References 1. Shreve's Chemical Process Industries ,5th edition,1988 2. KikOthmer, Encyclopedia of chemical technology, 3th edition,1984. 3. Mcletta, Encyclopedia of chemical processing and design, 1987 4. Ullmans' , Encyclopedia of technology ,1987

Third Year - Chemicals from Petroleum


Units 2

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

55

1. Scope and History of Combustion: The nature of combustion, Historical perspective of fuels, Historical perspective of combustion

technology (lighting /steam boilers/ internal –combustion engines/compressionignition engines/gas turbines/rocket engines).

(2hr) 2. Combustion of Gaseous and Vapourized Fuels Gas –fired furnace combustion: Furnaces and tubular furnace, energy balance and furnace efficiency ( Furnace efficiency

and heat loss calculations), burners types, radiation and convection rooms in furnace, furnace wall layers and refractories, chimney height calculation, tube layers in furnaces.

Flames: First law combustion calculations (adiabatic flame temperature), Laminar premixed

flames: (effect of stoichiometry on laminar burning velocity /effect of reactant pressure and temperature on laminar burning velocity/stabilization of a premixed flame), laminar flame theory(laminar burning velocity theory /simplified laminar flame model), diffusion flames, combustion zones and temperature profiles, flammability limits, flame stability, flame and combustion speed

(16 hrs) 3. Combustion of Liquid Fuels Spray formation and droplet behavior: Spray formation, size distributions, fuel injectors,

spray dynamics (diesel spray dynamics, single –droplet dynamics), vaporization of single droplets. Oil –fired furnaces combustion: Gas turbine sprays combustion, Gas turbine operating

parameters, combustor design, combustion rate, Liner heat transfer. Direct –injection engine combustion: introduction to diesel engine combustion, fuel injection,

combustion rates, (10 hrs)

4. Combustion of Solid Fuels Solid fuel combustion mechanisms: solid fuel, drying of solid fuels, devolatilization of solid

fuels. (2 hr)

References: 1. Gary L.borman,Combustion Engineering,1998 by Mc Grawhill 2. Stephen R.turns, An introduction to Combustion, 2000 by Mc Grawhill. 3. F .ElMahallawy and S.ElDin Habik ," Fundamentals and Technology of Combustion",2002

by Elsevier Science . 4. W.Francis and M.C.Peters, 1980, Fuels and Fuels Technology 5. Charles E.Baukal,JR.Robert E.Schwartz,P.E,The John Zink Combustion Hand Book,2000,

London, New York Washington D.C.

Third Year - Combustion Eng.


Units 2

Theore cal 2hr/week

Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

56

1. Fluid Flow Theory:

1.1Hydrocarbon Liquid Flow:

(Press. drop, type of flow, calculation of pipe diameter and line capacity, complex liq. gathering systems, flow splitting).

1.2 Hydrocarbon gas flow

(Principles, sizing a line based on velocity, static press. (Head) in flow line, complex flow system, singlephase vertical gas flow).

1.3 Tow phase flow:

(Importance of twophase flow, twophase flow and related dimensionless numbers, vertical and horizontal twophase flow regimes, correlations, twophase flow in grid system).

1.4 Pipe diameter:

(Hydraulic and economic diameter roughly).

1.5 Unsteady state flow

(Transient pipeline flow, blow down and purge, pressure surges on closing a valve, pressure surges on closing valve, press. testing).

(12 hrs)

2-Transportation:

2.1 Sea transportation, Railway and Road transportation

2.2 Pipeline

2.2.1Gathering system

2.3 Pump and compressor stations

(Power sources, type of pumps, instrumentation and control)

1.4 Improving flow characteristic of oil and increasing pumping rate by heat treatment looping system, solvent treatment (mixing), and additive. (8 hrs)

3-Storage: 3.1 Selection of storage type and its pressure.

3.2 Storage losses:

(Breathing, Filling, leakage, and reducing them)

3.3 Mechanical design

3.3.1 Classification of press. Vessels and its codes and standard

3.3.2 Fundamental principles and equations:

(Theories of failure, elastic stability, membrane stress in shell of revolution, flat plate, dilation of vessels, secondary stress)

3.3.3 General design consideration:

(Design pressure, design temp., materials, design stress, welded joint efficiency, corrosion allowance, design loads, min. practical wall thickness)

3.3.4 The design of thin walled vessels under internal pressure:

3.3.4.1 Cylinders and spherical shells

Third Year - Storage & Transport of Crude Oil & Petroleum Products


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

57

3.3.4.2 Heads and closures

3.3.4.3 Design of flat ends

3.3.4.4 Design of domed ends

3.3.4.5 Conical sections and end closures

3.3.5 Compensation for openings and branches

3.3.6 Design of vessels subject to combined loading:

3.3.6.1 Weight loads

3.3.6.2 Wind loads

3.3.6.3 Earthquake loading (10 hrs)

References:

1. Campbell, J.M (1981) Gas conditioning and processing, vol. 1, published by: Campbell Petroleum Series, Inc.

2. Nelson, N.L (1963) Petroleum Refinery Engineering, 4th ed. McGrawHill book company, Inc. 3.Jacques VincentGenod (1984) Fundamentals of pipeline engineering gpc. 4.Sinnot, R.K (1983) Chemical Engineering Design vol.6, 4th ed. Elsevier. 5.Bllad, W.F and Davidson R.L (1967) Petroleum Processing Handbook, McGrawHill Book co.,

Inc. 6.Couper, J.R, Penney, W.R, Fair, J.R, and Walas, S.M, Chemical Process Equipment

Selection and Design © 2005, Elsevier, Gulf Professional Publishing. 7.King, R.C (1930) Piping Handbook (5th edition 1973), McGrawHill. 8.Szilas, A.P (1975) Production and transport of oil and gas, Elsevier Scientific Publishing

Company. 9.Noel de Nevers (1991) Fluid mechanics for chemical Engineering, McGrawHill chemical

Engineering series.

58

1. Introduction to Design : The anatomy of chemical manufacturing process, general overall design considerations , development of design data base , process creation ,types of process design

(5 hrs )

2. Design information and data : Source of information of physical properties , predication of physical properties ( density, viscosity, thermal conductivity , etc )

(5 hrs)

3. Material and energy balance : Review of material and energy balance, flow sheet symbols, PFD information in flow diagram

(5 hrs)

4. Choice of plant location and layout standard

( 2 hr )

5. Industrial services:Utilities(Cooling tower, Boiler, Refrigeration system etc)

( 5 hrs )

6. Design with computer aided

( 4 hrs)

Fourth Year – Project


Units 4


Tutorial -hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

59

1. Drying:

Introduction and general Principle in drying, Rate of drying, the mechanism of moisture movement, Calculation of rate of drying, moisture transport in Solids at Constant in Continuous dryers, Types of Dryers and falling rate Period, Capillary movement, Material and Energy Balances

(6 hrs)

2. Humidification, dehumidification and Cooling towers:

Humidification, dehumidification, Temperature humidity Chart for air – water system . Enthalpy – humidity –temperature chart. Addition of Vapor or liquid Stream to a gas Stream. Mechanism of dehumidification Evaluation of heat and Mass transfer Coefficient, Cooling tower, height of Packing in Cooling towers, Minimum gas Condition.

(13 hrs)

3. Evaporation:

Introduction, Types of Evaporations, Evaporation Equipment, Heat transfer in Evaporation Process, single, double and Multi effect Evaporators, Design of evaporators, Comparison of Forward, backward and Parallel effect evaporators, boiling Point rise.

(10 hrs)

4. Extraction:

Definition, Extraction process, Equilateral Triangular coordinates (Ternary Diagram), system of three liquid _ one pair partially soluble, choice of solvent, Equipment in extraction cross _ current extraction, multi stage Cross Current extracting cross current for insoluble Liquid , Continuous Counter current extraction , Continuous Counter Current in Soluble , Liquid , Minimum Solvent .

(15 hrs)

5. Filtration:

Type of Filters, Filtration theory, Plate and frame filter press, leat filter, filtration at Constant ∆P, Filtration at Constant rate, washing Time.

(8 hrs)

7 –Membrane : Introduction , classification of membrane processes , general membrane equation , liquid

permeation membrane processes , gas permeation membrane processes reverse osmosis , reverse osmosis with water treatment plant , ultra filtration membrane processes , micro filtration membrane processes .

(4 hrs)

8-Reynolds analogy :

Momentum, heat and mass transfer molecular diffusion, Eddy transfer, Reynolds analogy, Modified Reynolds analogy, Chilton and Colburn analogy.

(6 hrs)

Fourth Year - Unit Operation


Units 5


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 3hr/week

60

1. Linear Open-Loop Systems Response of First-order Systems, Transfer Function, Transient Response.

(6 hrs) 2. Physical Examples of First Order Systems Dynamic behavior of 1st order system, Linearization.

(6 hrs) 3. Response of First-Order Systems in Series Non-interacting System, Interacting System.

(2 hrs) 4. Higher-Order Systems 2nd order Under-damped System, 2nd order Over-damped System, Transportation Lag.

(6 hrs) 5. Linear ClosedLoop Systems The Control System, Controllers and Final Control Elements, Block Diagram of Chemical

reactor Control System, Overall Closed-Loop Transfer Functions. (10 hrs)

6. Characteristics of the Closed Loop System Transient Response of Simple Control Systems, Stability. (6 hrs) 7. Frequency Response Methods Introduction to Frequency Response, Bode Diagrams, Control System Design by Frequency

Response, Ziegler-Nichols Controller Settings. (10 hrs)

8. Controller Mechanisms Pneumatic Controller Mechanisms, Industrial Pneumatic Controller, Final Control element.

(4 hrs) 9. Control of Complex Processes Distillation Column, Heat Exchanger, Chemical Reactor.

(2 hrs) 10. Control Systems Feedback control, Feed-forward Control, Ratio Control, Cascade Control, Adaptive Control,

Selective Control Systems. (6 hrs)

11. Computer Control of Chemical process Analog Computer, Digital Computer, Computer Control Loops. (2 hrs)

Fourth Year - Process Control


Units 6


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 2hr/week

61

1.Chemical Processing (3 hrs) 2.Sulfur and sulfuric acid (4 hrs) 3.Ammonia and nitric acid (6 hrs) 4.Nitrogenous fertilizers (4 hrs) 5.phosphoric acid (4 hr)

6.phosphate fertilizers (4 hrs) 7. electrolytic industries (4 hrs) 8. industrial salts (3 hrs) 9. ceramic industries (4 hrs) 10. cement industries (4 hrs) 11. glass industries (4 hrs) 12. surface coating industries (4 hrs) 13. oils and fats (4 hrs) 14. soap and detergents (4 hrs) 15. sugar industries (4 hrs)

References

1. N.Naderpour "Petrochemical Production Processes" 1st reprint, sbs publishers, New Delhi,2009

2. Hydrocarbon processing" Petrochemical processes"2005 8/٢٠٠٤;ر A2Aول /187?،ا1<82=8ت ا1;4رو 8.7.3و.-، ا678/1- ا2341و1و/.- .د .3 4. H.L.List "Petrochemical Technology" PrenticeHal Vew Jersey, 1986. 5. L.F.Hatch and Samatar "From, hydrocarbon to Petrochemicals" Gulf Publishing company 2nd

printing, 1982 6. A.L.Waddams"chemical from petroleum"4th edition John Murray,London,1978

Fourth Year - Chemical Process Industries


Units 4


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 3hr/week

62

1. Petroleum Processing Overview: History of Petroleum Production, What is Petroleum, History of Petroleum Processing, Modern Petroleum Processing.

(2 hr)

2. Refinery Feed-stocks and Products.

(2 hr)

3. Thermo-physical Properties of Petroleum Fractions and Crude Oils: Specific Gravity, Boiling Point Curves, Breakup of TBP Curve into Pseudo-components, Thermo-physical Properties Calculation.

(4 hrs)

4. Crude Distillation: Desalting Crude Oils. Atmospheric Distillation Unit { Material and Energy Balances, Reflux, Overflash, Overhead Temperature, Side Draw Temperature, Bottom Temperature, Tower Diameter},Vacuum Distillation Unit.

(6 hrs)

5. Conversion Processes: Visbreaking, Coking, Fluid Catalytic Cracking, Hydrotrating and Hydrocracking.

(6 hrs)

6. Upgrading Naphtha: Catalytic Reforming, Isomerization.

(4 hrs)

7. Product Blending: Reid Vapor Pressure, Octane Blending.

(2 hrs)

8. Supporting Processes: Hydrogen Production, Gas Processing Unit, Acid Gas Removal, Sulfur Recovery Processes.

(4 hrs)

REFERENCES:

1. Nelson, W. L. "Petroleum Refinery Engineering", Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, 1985.

2. Gary J., Handework G., “Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics”,Marcell Dekker Inc. 1984.

3. AddelAal H. A. and Mohamed Aggour "Petroleum and Gas Field Processing" Marcel Dekker Inc. 2003

4. Chang S. Hsu and Paul R. Robinson "Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing Volume 1" Springer Science Business Media, Inc. 2006

Fourth Year - Petroleum Refinery Eng.


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

63

1-Introduction

Properties of catalyst, determination of surface area, void volume and solid density, pore volume, distribution, classification of catalyst, promotes and inhibitors.

(4 hrs)

2-Rate equations of fluid solid catalytic reactions

Rate of adsorption, desorption and surface reaction, rate of limiting step, (CVD) chemical vapor deposition

(6 hrs)

3-External and internal diffusion effects on the heterogeneous reactions

External resistance to mass transfer, mass transfer coefficient, diffusion and reaction in spherical catalyst pellets, internal effectiveness factor, over all effectiveness factor, estimation of diffusion, Thiele type modulus.

(6 hrs)

4-Practical example (Direct oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde)

Analysis, developing the catalyst ,kinetic and mechanism of the reaction, composition of the catalyst , preparing the catalyst , using the catalyst (operating condition) , sizing the reaction the process flow scheme.

(6 hrs)

5-G\L reactions on solid catalysttrickle beds slurry reactors and three phase fluidized beds

The general rate equation, performance equations, which kind of contactor to use, hydrogenation of acetone in a packed bubble column. (4 hrs)

6-Developing industrial catalysts

Properties and characteristics of industrial catalyst, activity, selectivity, stability, morphology, mechanical strength, thermal characteristics, regenerability, reproducibility, originality cost, optimization of a typical catalytic formula, deactivation. (4 hrs)

Fourth Year - Catalysis and Catalytic Eng.


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

64

1.Management Principles of management, classification, management responsibility, organization

responsibility, management planning, management's levels (6 hrs)

2.Industrial project Planning and preparation, economic feasibility study, plant layout, cost (fixed cost, working cost,

cost index, project cash flow diagram, tax, budgetary control). (6 hrs)

3. Maintenance Purpose of maintenance, types and classifications, cost of maintenance operations, machines

replacement (principles and planning), Depreciation. (4 hrs)

4.ISO Principles,( organization ,documentation, auditing ), requirements ,applications , iso series ,iso

stages (preparation ,planning ,assessment ,implementation ,diversification ),total quality management TQM ,application ,corrective actions.

(4 hrs) 5.Quality control Specifications (types and classification), sampling techniques, quality cost, quality control chart,

Deviation. (4 hrs)

6 .Net work analysis Principles and applications, critical bath method (CPM),Gntt chart ,pert techniques.

(3 hrs) 7process Samples Unit samples, sample schedule, types of samples.

(3 hrs)

Fourth Year - Industrial Management


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

65

1.Introduction: Definition: Environmental pollution, Historical brief on international concern with pollution,

Causes Effects and control measures of different types pollutants of: Air, Water ,Soil, Marine, Noise pollution and Nuclear Hazards. Pollution allowable limits in the environment.

(2 hr) 2.Water Pollution Control: Water quality and pollution; Types and sources of pollution, Water quality changes, Water

quality standard and Stream pollution. Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants and Systems; Physical, Chemical and Biological

systems, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary treatment, Sedimentation, Coagulation, Flocculation, Filtration, Ammonia removal, Aeration, Anaerobic and Aerobic digestion, Activated sludge and Trickling filter.

Industrial Wastewater Treatment: Characteristics of Industrial wastewater treatment levels and available technologies, Case study treatment (selection) of chemical industry effluent.

Removal of Dissolved Salts (Reverse Osmosis, Electrodalysis) and Membrane Technology. (10 hrs)

3.Air Pollution Control: Air Contaminates Characterization, Source of air pollutants and their effects, Meteorological

factors influencing air pollution measurement of air quality, Approaches of air pollution control, Control equipment for Particulates emission ( Settling chamber, Cyclone, Bag or Fabric filter, Wet collectors, Venturi scrubber, Electrostatic precipitators) and Gaseous pollutants. Case study treatment of gaseous effluent in typical industry.

(8 hrs) 4.Solid and Hazardous Wastes Law: Solid Wastes Characterization, Nonhazardous and Hazardous solid waste, Solid wastes

treatment. (4 hrs)

5.Industrial Safety: Hazards: Toxicity, Flammability, Explosions, Sources of ignition, Ionizing radiation, Pressure,

Temperature deviations and Noise. Dow fire and explosion index. Fire and protection, Biological effects. Designing for safety, Personal protective equipment.

(6 hrs) References: (1)M.L. Davis & D.A. Cornwell. "Introduction to Environmental Engineering" Tata McGraw &

Hills, 2007. (2) L.K. Wang, "Air Pollution Control Engineering" Humana Press Inc., 2Rev Ed. Edition, 2004 (3) R. Weiner & R. Matthews, "Environmental Engineering" ButterwothHeinemann, 2003. (4) N.W. Jern, "Industrial Wastewater Treatment" Imperial College Press, 2006. (5) S.D. Lin & C.C. Lee, "Water and wastewater Calculation Manual" McGrawHill, 2001. (6) M.J. Hammer,"Water & Wastewater Technology" John wiley & Sons, End Edition. (7) P.A. Vesilind & J. Jeffrey, "Environmental Engineering" Ann Afbar Sc., 2003. (8) Ray Asfahl, "Industrial Safety and Health Management" Prentice Hall

Fourth Year - Environmental Eng.& Industrial Safety


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

66

1. Introduction Definitions, Corrosive environment, Consequences of corrosion , Cost of corrosion, Why

metals corrode ,Basic concepts in corrosion, Anodic and Cathodic reactions, Type of cells. (2 hr) 2. Classification of corrosion Wet corrosion , Dry corrosion, Forms of corrosion (4 hrs) 3. Kinetics of Aqueous corrosion Faraday's laws of electrolysis and its application in determining the corrosion rate, reversibility

and exchange current density polarization, activation polarization, Concentration polarization, combined polarization

(4 hrs) 4.Thermodynamics Free energy, Cell potential, Reversible electrode potential, Nernst equation (2 hr) 5.Determining the corrosion rate Corrosion rate measurement units, methods determining corrosion rate; 1immersion test 2electrochemical technique a) Tafel extrapolation b) Linear polarization (4 hrs) 6.Passivity ActivePassive metals and conditions for passivity, Kinetics of passivity table passivity, Unstable

passivity (2 hr) 7. Reference electrodes Hydrogen electrode, AgAgCl electrode, ZnZnCl2 electrode, PbPbCl2 electrode

(2 hr) 8.Corrosion prevention Materials selection , Alteration of Environment, Design , Coating , Cathodic and anodic

protection (4 hrs)

9. Corrosion control by inhibition Important consideration in selection of inhibitor, Classification of inhibitors, Description of

inhibitors Effect of inhibitors on Polarization behavior, Neutralizers, Scale inhibitors, Scavengers, Inhibitor

efficiency and inhibitor concentration. (4 hrs) 10.Boiler corrosion Definition, Requirement of efficient boiler, Major corrosion problems in boilers oxygen corrosion,

Caustic corrosion, Hydrogen damage, Stress corrosion cracking, corrosion Fatigue. (2 hr)

Fourth Year - Corrosion Eng.


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

67

1- Introduction to Optimization. ( 2 hr) 2- Recognizing an Optimization Problems and Their Solution. - Formulation of Optimization Problem. - Unconstrained vs. Constrained Problems. - Examples; Formulation of Industrial Optimization Problems. Economic Optimization of

distillation column operation condition. - Homework and Tutorial Sheet. (6 hrs) 3- Optimization Methods For Single Variable Problems. - Analytical Method; Constrained vs. Unconstrained. - Graphical Method. - Numerical Methods: a- Unconstrained Functions; Fixed Step Method, DSC Method, Newton Method. b- Constrained Functions; Sequential Search, Dichotomous Search, Fibonacci Search, Golden

Ratio Search. - Home work and Tutorial Sheet. (12 hrs) 4- Determining the Solution to Multivariable Optimization Problems. a- Unconstrained Minimization and Maximization strategy. - Solving Linear and Nonlinear Equations using Matrices. - Optimality Conditions for Unconstrained Problems. - Homework & Tutorial Sheet. - Lagrangian Criteria. - Simplex MethodDirection Step Length Calculations. b- Solution of Constrained Multivariable Problems. - Analytical Solution. - Lagrangian Duality. - Linearization of Nonlinear Optimization Problems. - Simplex Method. - Pivot Table Formulation. - Homework & Tutorial Sheet c- Linear Programming (LP) Problems. - Linear Programming Optimization Formulation . - Solving Linear system. - Basic Solution of an (LP) Problems. - Graphical Interpretation. - Homework and Tutorial Sheet. ( 10 hrs)

Fourth Year - 0ptimization


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

68

1. Evaluation of Oil Stocks: 2. Characterization of Petroleum, Analysis of Crude Petroleum : True Boiling Point, ASTM and

Equilibrium Flash Vaporization Curves. Mid Percent Curves, Yield Curves. (8 hrs)

3. Dehydration and Desalting of Crude Oil : Emulsion Treatment and Dehydration of Crude Oil, Desalting of Crude Oil

(4 hrs) 4. Tube still heaters: Types of stills, Radiation, Rate of Heat Absorption in Radiant Section,

Convection. (4 hrs)

5. Fractionation of Petroleum: Atmospheric and Vacuum Fractionation

(2 hr) 6. Fractionation Towers: Material and Energy Balances, Reflux Temperate Distribution in Fractionation Tower, Tower

Diameter. (8 hrs)

7. Petroleum Refining Overview: Type of Refineries. (4 hrs)

8. Treating Processes: Removal of Acid Gases, Sweetening Processes, Improvement in Performance and Storage

Stability. (8 hrs)

9. Upgrading Processes: Thermal Cracking, Cooking. Visbreaking, Catalytic Cracking, Hydrocracking, Catalytic

Reforming, Alkylation, Isomerisation. (12 hrs)

10. Product Blending: Blending of Vapor Pressure, Octane Number, Viscosity, Flash Point, Aniline Point and Pour

Point. (4 hrs) 11. Heavy Oils Processing: Heavy oils processing, Lubricating Oil and Wax Processing,

Asphalt Manufacture. (4 hrs)

12. Petroleum Additives: Octane improver – TEL, MTBE, VI improver, Pour point depressant, Antioxidant, others.

(2 hr) REFERENCES: 1. Nelson, W. L. "Petroleum Refinery Engineering", Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company

Limited, 1985. 2. Gary J., Handework G., “Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics”,Marcell Dekker

Inc. 1984. 3. AddelAal H. A. and Mohamed Aggour "Petroleum and Gas Field Processing" Marcel Dekker

Inc. 2003 4. Chang S. Hsu and Paul R. Robinson "Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing Volume

1" Springer Science Business Media, Inc. 2006

Fourth Year - Petroleum Refinery Eng.


Units 6


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical 3hr/week

69

1- Gaseous Fuels Classification of gaseous Fuels; The Importance of Gaseous Fuels.

(1 hr) 2- Natural Gas Fundamentals Natural Gas Origin and Composition; Gas Sources (Nonassociated Gas, Associated Gas, Coal

Bed Methane); Natural Gas Phase Behavior; Natural Gas Properties (Physical Properties, GasSpecific Gravity, Ideal and Real Gas Laws, Gas Density, Gas Viscosity).

(5 hrs) 3-Basic Concepts of Natural Gas Processing Process Modules; Scope of Natural Gas Processing; Processing Objectives; Effect of Gas Type

in Field Processing. (4 hrs)

4-Phase Separation Gravity Separators; Multistage Separation; Centrifugal Separators; Twister Supersonic

Separator ; Slug Catchers; High Efficiency Liquid–Gas Coalescers. (4 hrs)

5-Condensate Stabilization Stabilization Processes: Flash Vaporization, Stabilization by Fractionation.

(4 hrs) 6-Acid Gas Treating Acid Gas Removal Processes: Amine Processes, Other Processes; Sulfur Recovery Processes.

(4 hrs) 7-Natural Gas Dehydration Water Content Determination; Glycol Dehydration; Solid Desiccant Dehydration.

(4 hrs) 8-Natural Gas Liquids Recovery

(2 hr) 9-Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) The LNG Process; LNG Liquefaction.

(1 hr) 10-GasToLiquids (GTL) Why GTL? ; GTL Processes.

(1 hr) References: 1- Saeid Mokhatab, William A.Poe and James G.Speight. "Hand book of Natural Gas

Transmission and Processing" 2006. 2- Arthur J. Kidnay & William R. Parrish “Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing” 2006. 3- Xiuli Wang XGAS “Advanced Natural Gas Engineering” 2009.

Fourth Year - Gas Technology

Petroleum Refining Branch

Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

70

1. Introduction

Properties of catalyst, determination of surface area, void volume and solid density, pore volume, distribution, classification of catalyst, promotes and inhibitors. (4 hrs)

2. Rate equations of fluid solid catalytic reactions

Rate of adsorption, desorption and surface reaction, rate of limiting step.

(4 hrs)

3. External and internal diffusion effects on the heterogeneous reactions

External resistance to mass transfer, mass transfer coefficient, diffusion and reaction in spherical catalyst pellets, internal effectiveness factor, over all effectiveness factor, estimation of diffusion, Thiele type modulus.

(6 hrs)

4. Practical example for catalytic reforming

Analysis of the reaction, active species,, developing the support, catalytic performance, the process, improvement the catalyst, paraffin dehydrocyclization, isomerization composite reaction scheme.

(8 hrs)

5. G\L reactions on solid catalyst trickle beds slurry reactors and three phase fluidized beds

The general rate equation, performance equations, which kind of contactor to use, hydrogenation of ButyNeDoil in a slurry reactor.

(4 hrs)

6. Developing industrial catalysts

Properties and characteristics of industrial catalyst, activity, selectivity, stability, morphology, mechanical strength, thermal characteristics, regenerability, reproducibility, originality cost, optimization of a typical catalytic formula, deactivation.

(4 hrs)

References

1. Ronald W. Missen et al., (1999), "Introduction to chemical reaction engineering and kinetics", 1st edition, John wiely & Sons, (USA).

2. J.M. Smith (1981), "Chemical engineering kinetics", 3rd edition, McGrowHill, Singapore.

3. J.F. Lepage, J. Cosyns & P. Courty, "Applied heterogeneous Catalysis"

4. James T. Richardson, " Principle of catalyst development"

Fourth Year - Catalysis in Petroleum Refineries


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

71

1.Introduction: Definition: Environmental Pollution of Petroleum industry, Historical brief on International

concerns with petroleum pollution, Causes effect and control measures of different types of petroleum pollutants of; Air, Water, Soil, Marine, Noise pollution and Nuclear Hazards. Petroleum pollution allowable limits in the environment.

(2 hr) 2.The Impact of Production Operations: Measuring Toxicity, Hydrocarbons, Salt, Heavy metals, Production chemicals, Produced water,

Air pollution. (2 hr)

3.Treatment of Wastewater from Petroleum Industry: Removal of suspended Hydrocarbons, Removal of Dissolved Hydrocarbons (Adsorption,

Volatilization, Biological processes, Precipitation, Ultraviolet Irradiation and Oxidation), Removal suspended solids (Gravity separation, Filtration, Coagulation and Flocculation), Removal of Dissolved Solids (Precipitation, Reverse Osmosis or Membrane Technology, Evaporation or Distillation), Neutralization.

(10 hrs) 4.Treatment of Air Emissions: Air pollutants ( Hydrocarbons, Particulates, Gases), Characterization, Meteorological factor

influencing, Characteristics of Stack Plume. Control of Particulates: Cyclone, Packed bed, Spray tower, Electrostatic Precipitator. Control of Gases ( CO, SOX,NOX): (Adsorption, Combustion, Control of SO2 and NO2). Chimney Design.

(8 hrs) 5.Treatment of Solids: Removal water, Removal Hydrocarbons, Solidification.

(2 hr) 6.Safety in Petroleum Refinery: Fire Prevention and Control: Need, Accidents and causes of fire, Prevention and action taken in

a case of fire, Dow fire and explosion index. Materials handling and storage, Noise Hazardous, Radiation Hazardous, Common Hazardous Materials in Refinery.

(6 hrs) References: (1)Gulf Publishing Company, "Environmental Engineering Control in Petroleum Engineering"

1996. (2)M.L. Davis & D.A. Cornwell. "Introduction to Environmental Engineering" Tata McGraw &

Hills, 2007. (3) L.K. Wang, "Air Pollution Control Engineering" Humana Press Inc., 2Rev Ed. Edition, 2004

(4) R. Weiner & R. Matthews, "Environmental Engineering" ButterwothHeinemann, 2003.

(5) N.W. Jern, "Industrial Wastewater Treatment" Imperial College Press, 2006.

(6) S.D. Lin & C.C. Lee, "Water and wastewater Calculation Manual" Mc-GrawHill, 2001.

(7) M.J. Hammer,"Water & Wastewater Technology" John wiley & Sons, End Edition.

(8) P.A. Vesilind & J. Jeffrey, "Environmental Engineering" Ann Afbar Sc., 2003.

(9) Ray Asfahl, "Industrial Safety and Health Management" Prentice Hall.

Fourth Year - Environmental Pollution &Safety in Petroleum Refineries


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

72

1.Introduction Definitions, Corrosive environment, Consequences of corrosion , Cost of corrosion, Why

metals corrode ,Basic concepts in corrosion, Anodic and Cathodic reactions, Type of cells. (2 hr)

2. Classification of corrosion Wet corrosion , Dry corrosion, Forms of corrosion

(4 hrs) 3. Kinetics of Aqueous corrosion Faraday's laws of electrolysis and its application in determining the corrosion rate, reversibility

and exchange current density polarization, activation polarization, Concentration polarization, combined polarization

(4 hrs) 4.Thermodynamics Free energy, Cell potential, Reversible electrode potential, Nernst equation

(2 hr) 5.Determining the corrosion rate Corrosion rate measurement units, methods determining corrosion rate; 1-immersion test 2-electrochemical technique a) Tafel extrapolation b) Linear polarization

(4 hrs) 6.Passivity ActivePassive metals and conditions for passivity, Kinetics of passivity table passivity, Unstable

passivity (2 hr)

7. Reference electrodes Hydrogen electrode, AgAgCl electrode, ZnZnCl2 electrode, PbPbCl2 electrode

(2 hr) 8.Corrosion prevention in Oil Industry

Materials selection , Alteration of Environment, Design , Coating , Anodic protection, Inhibitors (4 hrs)

9. Cathodic Protection Sacrificial anode corrosion protection, impressed current anode corrosion protection, Major

impressed current anodes, Galvanic systems anodes, Design parameters in cathodic protection, Stray current corrosion.

(4 hrs) 10. Corrosion in Oil Industry

Case Study

(2 hr)

Fourth Year - Corrosion Eng,


Units 2


Tutorial 1hr/week

Practical -hr/week

introduction - الجامعة...

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