isigaba esiphakathi isikhokelo sikatitshala - western cape · nika amagama ezixhobo oza kuzifuna...

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IISayensi zezeNdalo

INkalo yobuNzululwazi ngezeNdalo iSigaba esiPhakathi

IShedyuli yoMsebenzi neSikhokelo sikaTitshala

IShedyuli yoMsebenzi wobuNzululwazi ngezeNdalo kunye neSikhokelo sikaTitshala zizo ezixhasa utitshala ekubeni amisele i-NCS. Eli asiloxwebhu lomgaqo-nkqubo koko ngumthombo wolwazi olungiselelwe ootitshala. IShedyuli yoMsebenzi kunye neSikhokelo sikaTitshala zilandela isicwangciso seveki esifanayo kwibakala ngalinye. IShedyuli yoMsebenzi

• Esi sisikhokelo esimbaxa esinika uluhlu lwemixholo ekunokukhethwa kuyo (iziPhumo zesiFundo kunye noMxholo woLwazi neSigama) kwibakala ngalinye le-4 ukuya kwele-6.

• IShedyuli yoMsebenzi inika isikhokelo somxholo iveki neveki, kunye nokugxilwe kuko kuhlolo.

• Le shedyuli isebenza kuzo zontathu iziPhumo zesiFundo sobuNzululwazi ngezeNdalo.

• Iquka yonke iMixholo yoLwazi neSigama kwiinkalo ezine zesifundo sobuNzululwazi ngezeNdalo.

ISikhokelo sikaTitshala

• Isikhokelo sikatitshala sichaza yaye sicacisa isishwankathelo esinikwe kwiShedyuli yoMsebenzi iveki neveki kwibakala ngalinye.

• Sinika izifundo eziziintlobo ezohlukeneyo nezithi zibe yimisebenzi eyohlukeneyo yohlolo oluphathelene neziPhumo zesiFundo sobuNzululwazi ngezeNdalo.

• Sinika enye ingcaciso ngesigama esiza kufundiswa neendlela eziza kusetyenziswa ukusifundisa.

• Kananjalo ikwanika ingcaciso ngamathuba ohlanganiso phakathi kwamacandelo esifundo sobuNzululwazi ngezeNdalo ngokunjalo naphakathi kweeNkalo zesiFundo ezohlukeneyo.

Indlela yokusebenzisa iShedyuli yoMsebenzi neSikhokelo sikaTitshala Sicebisa ukuba:

• Ootitshala bawasebenzise la maxwebhu ukuncedisa izicwangciso zabo kunye nokongeza oko bakufumana kuluncedo.

• Ootitshala mabayilungelelanise inkqubo ukuze ilungelelane nesantya sokufunda kwabafundi babo.

• Ootitshala mabakhethe oko kufanelekileyo kumxholo wabo kunye noko kunokwenziwa ngokulawulekayo eklasini.

• Ootitshala mabacwangcise inkqubo yabo yohlolo kwangethuba belungiselela ikota nganye ngokwesantya abafundisa ngaso bona.

• Ootitshala kufuneka badibanise umxholo abawufundisayo naphi na xa kuyimfuneko. • Kufuneka ootitshala bajonge uXwebhu loMgaqo-nkqubo weNgxelo

yeKharityhulamu yeSizwe – njengesikhokelo kwiziphumo zesifundo, kwimigangatho yovavanyo kunye nomxholo wolwazi omisiweyo.

IMIBULELO

Sidlulisa umbulelo ongazenzisiyo kootitshala nakumagosa anika iingcebiso ngekharityhulamu athe aqulunqa ishedyuli yomsebenzi belungiselela iSigaba esiPhakathi. Candelo loLawulo: kwiKharityhulamu : GET

ISIKHOKELO SIKATITSHALA : IBANGA 6

INZULULWAZI NGEZENDALO

IZIQULATHO

INXALENYE YOKUQALA: ULWAZI

AMAXWEBHU OMGAQO-NKQUBO WESIZWE

ULWAZI OLULUNGISELELWE OOTITSHALA

ULWAZI GABALALA

INXALENYE YESIBINI: IINGCEBISO ZOKUSEBENZISA IISHEDYULI ZOMSEBENZI

ZENZULULWAZI YEZENDALO EKLASINI

Ibanga 6 Inkqubo yoHlolo Iziphumo zokufunda neMigangatho yoHlolo Uluhlu 1: Ieneji noTshintsho Uluhlu 2: Inkqunto (matter) neMathiriyeli Uluhlu 3: Ubomi nokuPhila Uluhlu 4: Iplanethi yoMhlaba naNgaphaya kwayo INXALENYE YESITHATHU : ISIHLOMELO

Ibanga 6 Isikhokelo sophando lobunzululwazi

INXALENYE YESINE: UKWAZI NGEZOBUNZULULWAZI

Uluhlu lwenkcazelo

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ICANDELO LOKUQALA: ULWAZI

AMAXWEBHU OMGAQO-NKQUBO WESIZWE

INgxelo yeKharityhulamu yeSizwe: AmaBakala R-9 - UMGAQO-NKQUBO INgxelo yeKharityhulamu yeSizwe: Amabakala R-9 - IsiKhokelo sikaTitshala UMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe kuVavanyo nokuLungela kwezikolo ukuba kwiqela leGET INgxelo yeKharityhulamu yeSizwe – GET - iMigaqo yoVavanyo

ULWAZI NJE GABALALA: Xa ufundisa qala koko sele bekwazi abafundi. Ikharityhulamu yezeNdalo ibandakanya ama-70% ekharityhulamu emiselweyo,

njengoko imiselwe kuludwe lweenkqubo zomsebenzi nama-30% koko kuqulathiweyo okongozelelweyo nokwasekuhlaleni.

Lubalulekile ucoceko nokhuseleko kuwo onke amagumbi okufundela. Wubethelele umcimbi wocoselelo kwizifundo zeNzululwazi. KwiBakala ngalinye uyinikiwe imizekelo yoPhando lwezeNzululwazi. Le mizekelo

isenokuguqulwa yenziwe imisebenzi epheleleyo abaza kuvavanywa kuyo abafundi. Lungelelanisa izixhobo zovavanyo apho kuyimfuneko.

IINKCUKACHA EZILUNGISELELWE OOTITSHALA: UBuchule bokufunda nokubhala ezeNzululwazi: Ootitshala mabawaqondisise la magama

phambi kwesifundo ngasinye saloo veki. Kubalulekile ukuzakhela sigama seNzululwazi, ngokunjalo, lukwabalulekile nophuhliso loLwimi.

‘Amagama achazwe ngokufutshane’ ngamagama ekuqikeleleka ukuba asetyenziswa kakhulu ngootitshala kwizifundo zabo. Ootitshala kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba abafundi bayayiqonda intsingiselo yla magama. Noko kunjalo, ootitshala abamele ze bawathathe ngokuba sisigama esisesikweni la magama bengakhange baziqondisise iintsingiselo zawo kuqalala. Abafundi mabavunyelwe ukuba baman’ukubuyeka kula magama neentsingiselo zawo.

IiNgcebiso malunga nokuphumeza iinjongo zolu xwebhu: Eyona njongo iphambili yezi ngcebiso kukunceda ootitshala ngokuhlahla indlela eyiyo yokucwangcisa imisebenzi. Bayacetyiswa ke ngoko ootitshala ukuba basebenzise amava nobuchule abanabo xa becwangcisa imisebenzi yabo, baqinisekise ukuba bacwangcisa ngokweemfuno zezikolo zabo. Kwakhona, ootitshala mabaziyilele iindlela zokunceda abafundi abaneengxaki zokufunda ezahlukeneyo. Mabongezelwe ixesha lokufunda abafundi abalolo hlobo, futhi izifundo ezongezelelweyo mazingqale ngqo kwindlela abohluke ngayo kwabanye (Jongisisa amaxwebhu omgaqo-nkqubo). Njengoko le mfundo intsha igxininisa kuthungelwano lwezifundo, ootitshala mabazingqale kakhulu izifundo ezifana neLitheresi neziBalo xa befundisa, xa kufundwa, naxa kusenziwa uvavanyo.

Izixhobo zokuncedisa: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuncedisa ezikhoyo kwisikolo sakho/ekuhlaleni.

Uthungelwano: Lungqale uthungelwano phakathi kwezifundo, ulusebenzise kangangoko apho lungenayo khona. Uthungelwano luzingenela nje lula kwiindawana zokukhutshwa kolwazi kwezeNdalo, futhi kulula ukulenza nakweminye imimandla yezifundo. Noxa iindawo ezine zokukhutshwa kolwazi zibekwa zibe zodwa nje kwikota nganye yonyaka kwiNqanaba eliPhakathi, ungakwazi ukuzidibanisa iindawo ezithile xa ikho imfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba EzeNdalo ayiso sifundo silikheswa, koko siyinxalenye yezinye. Unxulumano phakathi kwezi ndawo lungabandakanywa kwimisebenzi.

Uvavanyo: Wuvavanye umsebenzi wabafundi usebenzise iindlela zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo ezilawulwa yimigangatho yovavanyo. Uvavanyo olungekho sesikweni luyenye yeendlela zokuhlola inkqubo yomfundi kwaye luxhobisa abafundi ukuze balungele imisebenzi yovavanyo olusesikweni. Sebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo nezifanelekileyo zovavanyo oluqhuba unyaka wonke. Iingxelo zemisebenzi yovavanyo olusesikweni mazigcinwe encwadini. Uyinikiwe imizekelo yemisebenzi yovavanyo olusesikweni.

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ICANDELO LESIBINI: IINGCEBISO MALUNGA NOKUPHUNYEZWA KWEENJONGO ZESHEDYULI YOMSEBENZI

INZULULWAZI NGEZENDALO

INQANABA ELIPHAKATHI: IBAKALA 6

INKQUBO YOVAVANYO EYE YAQWALASELWA KWAKHONA: Imisebenzi yovavanyo esesikweni

IKota 1 Umsebenzi woVavanyo 1: Iveki 10 IKota 2 Umsebenzi woVavanyo 2: Iveki 20

Umsebenzi woVavanyo 3: Iveki 21

IKota 3 Umsebenzi woVavanyo 4: Iveki 30 IKota 4 Umsebenzi woVavanyo 5: Iveki 31 Umsebenzi woVavanyo 6: Iveki 40

ISIPHUMO SESIFUNDO 1: UPHANDO LWEZENZULULWAZI

6.1.1 Izicwangciso zophando: zinceda ekucaciseni imibuzo oluza kuqhutywa phantsi kwayo uphando. Zikwachaza nolwazi olufunekayo ukuze umbuzo ngamnye ocwangcisiweyo ube nako ukuphenduleka.

6.1.2 Kuqhutywa uphando, kuqokelelwe ulwazi: kubuzwa imibuzo yovavanyo ecwangcisiweyo, kubhalwe iimpendulo ezifumanekayo.

6.1.3 Kuhlalutywa ulwazi olufunyenweyo, kukhutshwe iziphumo zophando: kuyajongwa ukuba ingaba ulwazi olufunyenweyo luyayiphendula na imibuzo ekwisicwangciso sophando.

ISIPHUMO SESIFUNDO 2: UKWAKHIWA KOLWAZI LWEZENZULULWAZI

6.2.1 Khumbula ulwazi olunentsingiselo ecace gca: Ubuncikane, chaza iimpawu ezahlula udidi oluthile kolunye

6.2.2 Hlela ulwazi: hlela izinto ezingaphiliyo neziphilayo ngokujonga iimpawu ezimbini ezinxaxhe ngazo

6.2.3 Tolika ulwazi: ubuncikane, tolika ulwazi olufumeneyo ngokumana uluma nakwezinye iindlela ezikwathetha nto inye nolu lwazi ulufumeneyo.

ISIPHUMO SESIFUNDO 3: INZULULWAZI, ULUNTU NOMMANDLA

6.3.1 Qonda izifundo zenzululwazi nobugcisa ngokuthi ungqiyame ngolwazi lwezinto ezazisakuqhubeka mandulo nolwezinto esele zifana nezithethe engingqini yakho: .Chaza indlela ezifana ngayo iingxaki nezisombululo zendawo yakho nezo zifumaneka kwezinye iinkcubeko. Ezi ngxaki nezisombululo maziquke ezo zazisakwenzeka mandulo phaya, ezenzekayo kule mihla, nekuqikeleleka ukuba zisaya kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo

6.3.2 Liqonde ifuthe lenzululwazi nobugcisa : Yiza neendlela zokuphucula iinkqubo ezikhoyo zobugcisa ukuze kunciphe ifuthe lazo elibi kokusingqongileyo.

6.3.3 Lwazi kakuhle ukhetho-macala oluqhubekayo kwezenzululwazi nakwezobugcisa: Nika iingcebiso malunga neendlela ekungenziwa ngazo ukuze iimveliso neenkonzo zobugcisa zivuleleke nakubantu abasawavinjiweyo amathuba.

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ISIKHOKELO SIKATITSHALA WENZULULWAZI YEZENDALO

IBANGA 6

IKOTA 1: AMANDLA NENGUQU

IVEKI 1 UVAVANYO LOLWAZI ABAFUNDI ABASELE BENALO –

Amandla neNguqu (iBakala 5)

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 1 - 3

Ukuhlaziywa kwesigama ngokufutshane: Iindidi zamandla: eminye imizekelo ngamandla esandi, amandla

okukhanya, amandla ombane, amandla eekhemikhali, amandla obushushu, amandla emekhanikhi namandla enyukleri

Imithombo yamandla: imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo: umz. Amandla omoya, amandla esola, amaza; imithombo yamandla angahlaziyekiyo: umz. i-oli, amalahle, amandla enyukleri

Ukhutshelo lwamandla: amandla ahamba esuka kwindawo ethile esiya kwenye

Iinkqubo zamandla: inkqubo apho amandla ahamba ngayo umz. itotshi, i-ekhosistimu.

INyathelo1 Abafundi bazoba imaphu yesigama malunga namandla. INyathelo 2 Hlela oku kulandelayo kube ngamaqela amabini: nika umthetho wakho wokuhlela. Abafundi bangahlela ukuya: kumandla emekhaniki, amandla agciniweyo, amandla entshukumo, njl.njl. INyathelo 3 Abafundi bacacisa imithombo yamandla phantsi kwezi zihloko zilandelayo: Xela igama lomthombo wamandla

Ohlaziyekayo okanye ongahlaziyekiyo

Iimpawu zomthombo wamandla

Okulungileyo komthombo wamandla

Igalelo kubushushu behlabathi

Irokhethi elide ukugityiselwa

Ibhayisekile ihamba endleleni

Ujingi eqhawuka kudlalwa

Incwadi isiwa etafileni

Iwotshi incinciza etafileni

Iigiyara zilindele ukusetayenziswa

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INyathelo 4 Abafundi bacacisa indlela amandla akhutshelwa ngayo (1) kumakhonkco okutya, kunye (2) nebhayisekile. INyathelo 5 Uphando Bhala umbuzo ovavanyekayo ukuphanda ukuba imithombo yamandla

olwelo lwasendlini yenza ungcoliseko na (umzekelo, ipalafini). (Umzekelo, Loluphi olona lwelo lwasendlwini lwenza owona msi?)

Nika amagama ezixhobo oza kuzifuna kuphando lwakho. Yenza umzombo ngendlela oza kubeka ngayo izixhobo zophando. Bhlala inqaku ukucacisa okulindeleyo. (ucinga ukuba kuza kwenzeka

ntoni?) Umsebenzi owongezelelweyo: Xoxa ngomthombo wamandla wasendlwini oyingozi ngokunhekisa kumonakalo onokuwenza kwakunye nendlela okunokunqandwa ngayo. Cacisa use unike imizekelo ngendlela iinkqubo zemekhaniki ezinokuphakamisayo ngoyo ubomi babantu abakhubazekileyo (umzekelo. Irobhothi yaseJapani enokuyalelwa ngayo ukuba iphakamise kwaye ithwale isigulana; inqwelo yabangakwaziyo ukuzihambela, njl.njl.) Vavanya / hlola ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba bayakwazi: Ukuxela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla? Ukuchonga phakathi kwemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo

nengahlaziyekiyo? Chaza ukhutshelo lwamandla kwiinkqubo zamandla?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo, imfunalwazi nophando IZIXHOBO Ucaphulo

Imixholo ye-NS

iPlanethi enguMhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – ubushushu behlabathi nokutshintsha kwemozulu IMatha nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile – iimpawu zezixhobo

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo INzululwazi yezeNtlalo – eyendalo nemithombo ITeknoloji – iinkqubo nolawulo, ukusetyenzwa neempawu zezixhobo

IVEKI 2 IMITHOMBO YAMANDLA

UKUFUNDA NGENZULULWAZI

Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Iindidi zamandla umzekelo: ubushushu, ukukhanya, intshukumo. Amandla asengakhona (amandla agciniweyo): amandla akwindlela

yogcino akwaziyo ukusebenza xa ekhululwe Amandla eKinetiki (amandla entshukumo): amandla akwizinto ezihbayo

okanye amasuntswana Imithombo yamandla: nantoni na esinokyifumana njengesinekezeli

samandla esluncedo umzekelo. iLanga, umoya, amanzi, umthi, amalahle, iikhemikhali, iziziba, iibhanti ezitsalekayo, njalo-njalo.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.2

INyathelo 1 Utitshala ubonisa aze acacise isigama: angakhona (agciniweyo) namandla ekinetiki (entshukumo): Sebenzisa ibhanti etsalekayo okanye isipringi ukwenza into ihambe.

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Sebenzisa imatshisi okanye ikhandlela ukwenza amanzi shushu. Sebenzisa ibhetri ukwenza unomathotholo asebenze. Sebenzisa amandla esihlunu ukugcina amandla kwitotshi ejijwayo,

unomathotholo. Utitshala ucela abafundi bahlele ezi zinto zilandelayo phantsi kwezi zihloko: ‘angakhona (agciniweyo) amandla’ kunye ‘nanadla ekinetiki (entshukumo)’: (ibhanti yelastiki etsaliweyo; umculo kanomathotholo; ikati iyatsiba; ikhandlela; ibhetri; amandla esihlunu; unomathotholo; indoda ibaleka (amandla esihlunu). INyathelo 2 Abafundi bagqibezela ezi zivakalisi zingezantsi besebenzisa amagama –amandla ekinetiki (intshukumo) okanye amandla angakhona (agciniweyo). Ibhanti yelastiki etsaliweyo igcina ........ amandla; into ehambayo ………. inamandla. Amasuntswana kumanzi ashushu ayahambahamba ngokukhawuleza, ukutsho oko ……… anamandla. Imatshisi nekhandlela zigcina ......... amandla. Ibhetri igcina ...... amandla, ngeli lixa isandi esiphuma kunomathotholo sihambayo kwaye ..... sinamandla. Ingalo ejikelezayo .... inamandla, ngeli lixa ibhanti esongiweyo yelastiki okanye isipringi ... sinamandla. Abafundi bakha isivakalisi ezongezelekileyo zabo. INyathelo 3 Abafundi basebenzisa itafile yokuthelekisa ukuchaza iimpawu zale mithombo yamandla ilandelayo: (isola, ukutya, amanzi emvula, amafutha eenqwelo, umoya, izihlunu ezishukumayo zezilwanyana, izipringi ezicinezelweyo, iiseli zombane, iikhemikhali, ibhanti yelastiki etsaliweyo, amanzi edamini): phantsi kwezi zihloko zilandelayo: (1) inqanaba (qinileyo, ulwelo okanye irhasi), (2) angakhona / amandla ekinetiki, (3) indleko zawo – ziyafikeleleka okanye zibiza kakhulu, (4) ahlaziyekayo / angahlaziyekiyo, (5) ifuthe kokusingqongileyo. INyathelo 4 Abafundi benza iposta (imifanekiso namanqaku) ecacisa umahluko phakathi kwemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo nengahlaziyekiyo. Sebenzisa ezi zihloko zilandelayo: Phendula le mibuzo ilandelayo: Kutheni ehlaziyeka / engahlaziyeki? Ingaba umthombo wamandla uwafumene amandla awo? Lithini ifuthe kokusingqongileyo? Lithini ifuthe kwezempilo? Ezinye iiposta zingachongelwa umboniswana omcinane eklasini.

INyathelo 5 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukukhetha phakathi kwamandla agciniweyo nawekinetiki kwaye banike

imizekelo? Ukunika imizekelo yemithombo yamandla agciniweyo kunye

nawekinetiki? Ukukhetha phakathi kwemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo

nengahlaziyekisyo baze banike imizekelo?

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ULWAZI-NKQUBO Imfunalwazi nengxoxo

IZIXHOBO Ucaphulo Imixholo ye-NS

IPlanethi enguMhlaba – imithombo yamandla endalo (umoya, amanzi) IMatha neZixhobo – iimpawu zezixhobo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo IZifundo zoBomi – umzimba womntu njengenkqubo ITeknoloji – iimpawu zezixhobo, iinkqubo nolawulo

Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana □

Uhlolo lukatitshala / olwenziwa ngutitshala □

Imisebenzi yophando □

Amabalana ayinyani (anokusetyenziswa njengomzekelo wemeko ethile) □

Ukubhala phantsi amanqaku ngokokuza kwawo engqondweni □

Iiprojekthi □

Imidlalwana yokulinganisa □

Ukubhala phantsi iintsingiselo zamagama ngokokuza kwazo engqondweni □

UPhando √

Ukudlala indima □

Imisebenzi yokuzoba iingcamango □

I-asayimenti □

Umsebenzi wokuguqula □

Ukubhala cacileyo √

Uvavanyo olusekelwe kwinkqubo yomfundi □

Udliwano-ndlebe √

Abafundi bafundelana abakwenzileyo (umfundi eyedwa okanye ngokwamaqela) √

Umboniso (ngokwenziwa kwento) □

Imibuzo □ Okunye okunokwenziwa

UVAVANYO Ukhumbule : Bhala phantsi

iziphumo zemiSebenzi yoVavanyo

oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □ Imibuzo ecwangciswe ngendlela ethile √

Okunye okunokwenziwa:

IVEKI 3 UKHUTSHELO NOGUQULO LWAMANDLA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Imithombo yamandla angakhona: imithombo yamandla egcina amandla

umz. ibhetri, iseli, ibhanti etsalekayo, iikhemikhali, amafutha enqwelo, njl.njl.

Imithombo yamandla ekinetiki: imithombo yamandla ahambayo umz. umbane, amanzi emvula, umoya

Ukhutshelo lwamandla: xa amandla esuka kwenye into, okanye inxalenye yenkqubo, ukuya kwenye

Uguqulo lwamandla: xa amandla eguquka ukusuka kwenye indlela esiya kwenye.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.3.2

INyathelo 1 Cacisa izigama ‘ukhutshelo lwamandla’ kunye ‘noguqulo lwamandla’

ngokusebenzisa itotshi: Abafundi bakha isekethi elula ngebhetri, ucingo nebhalbhu. Sebenzisa amagama afana nala: ibhetri, amandla agciniweyo /

asenokubakhona, amandla ekhemikhali, iingcingo zombane, ibhalbhu yesibane, umsinga womabane, amandla entshukumo / ekinetiki, amandla obushushu, amandla okukhanyisa.

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Qala uhoyane nokhutshelo lombane ukusuka kwibhetri ukuya

kwiingcingo ukuya kwibhalbhu yesibane, use emva koko uhoyane noguqulo lwamandla aguquliweyo ukusuka kumandla agciniweyo ekhemikhali ukuya kumandla ahambayo, ukuya kwisibane namandla obushushu.

Abafundi bazoba baze babhale amanqaku okubonisa (1) indlela amandla akhutshelwa ngayo ukusuka kwindawo enye yesekethi ukuya kwenye kunye (2) nendlela aguqulwa ngayo ukusuka kwindlela enye yamandla ukuya kwenye.

INyathelo 2: UMsebenzi weQela okanye isifundo somboniso Utitshala ubonelela abafundi ngeebhanti zelastiki kunye / okanye izipringi kunye / okanye neebhaloni; kwakunye neebhetri, iibhalbhu zezibane, izipika (ukuba zikho); iibhotile ezizaliswe ngamanzi kunye nezinto abaza kuwagalela kuzo, njl.njl. Abafundi baqulunqa indlela yabo yokukhulula amandla ukusuka

kumthombo wamandla abawunikiweyo. Amandla akhululiweyo makakhutshelwe kwenye into, emayenze inxalenye yenkqubo ukuba ihambe.(umz. ikhathapulti, iqula, ifeni yombane, njl.njl.)

Abafundi mababonise ‘okudalwe’ ngabo bechaza zombini ukhuthselo lwamandla noguqulo lwamandla kwiinkqubo zabo. Abafundi emva koko babhala ngokhutshelo lwamandla kunye noguqulo kwisibini ‘kokudaliweyo’ okuchongwe ngutitshala.

INyathelo 3 Chaza ukhutshelo noguquko lwamandla kwinkqubo yamandla engalulanga efana nenqwelomafutha okanye iselifowuni kwakunye nokusuka kwisitishi samandla ukuya kwikhaya lethu. Kwinkqubo yenqwelomafutha (eyenziwe lula kakhulu) umntu

angaqwalasela iinkqutyana ezahlukeneyo ngokusecaleni umz. Ibhetri isebenza izisuli zeefestile, ixilongo nezibane; amafutha, ashukumisa injini, ejika ishafti ne-ekzile, ejika amavili, njl.njl.

Kwiselifowuni ibhetri isebenza isibane, ize ivelise isandi, njl.njl. Abafundi bazoba inkqubo yabo yamandla ebonisa ukhutshelo lwamandla noguqulo lwamandla kumzobo, kunye neeleyibheli namanqaku amafutshane. Ukufunda okongeziweyo: Besebenzisa nasiphina isixhobo ezikuluhlu olungezantsi, abafundi bachaza (bebhala kwaye bazobe) kwaye babonise inkqubo elula yokuvelisa 1) isandi, 2) isixana esicinane sobushushu, 3) intshukumo, 4) ukukhanya. Uluhlu: amatye, ikomityi, iibhetri, iibhalbhu ezincinane zesibane, iingcingo zokudibanisa, amacephe esinyithi (utitshala angongeza kolu luhlu). Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba bafundi bayakwazi: Ukukhetha phakathi kokhutshelo lwamandla noguqulo lwamandla? Ukuchaza ukhutshelo noguqulo lwamandla kwinkqubo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Imfunalwazi, umboniso wezandla, ingxoxo IZIXHOBO Iincwadi zokufunda, imifanekiso

Imixholo ye-NS

UBomi nokuPhila – amakhonkco okutya nee-ekhosistimu IMatha nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile – iimpawu zezixhobo UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo IZifundo zoBomi – umzimba womntu njengenkqubo ITeknoloji – iimpawu zezixhobo, iinkqubo nolawulo

- 8 -






Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √

Ukudlala indima □


I-asayimenti □ Umsebenzi wokuguqula □ Ukubhala cacileyo √


Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni



IVEKI 4 UKHUTSHELO NOGUQULO LWAMANDLA II


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Amandla angakhona (amandla agciniweyo) Amandla ekinetiki (amandla ohambo / amandla eentshukumo) Uguqulo lwamandla:

o Ukusuka kumandla angakhona ukuya kumandla ekinetiki umz. Ibhetri inika imoto amandla

o Ukusuka kumandla ekinetiki ukuya kumandla angakhona, umz. Ukucinezela isipringi, ukutsala ibhanti yelastiki.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

INyathelo 1 Utitshala unceda abafundi ukuchaza ukhutshelo noguqulo lwamandla kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Gqibezela letheyibhile ingezantsi: Inkqubo yamandla

Amandla ekinetiki akho kwi

Amandla agciniweyo akho kwi

Amandla aguqulwa ukusuka kwangakhona ukuya kwikinetiki

Amandla aguqulwa ukusuka kwikinetiki ukuya kumandla agciniweyo

inqwelomafutha Umsinga wombane ukujika amavili, njalo-njalo.

ibhetri, amfutha enqwelo, njalo-njalo

ibhetri umsinga wombane,njalo-njalo.

Umsinga wombane ibhetri

Isicoci seVathyum

njalo-njalo

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Abafundi bakhetha isixhobo sombane sasendlwini okanye esinye isixhobo esifanayo kwaye baqulunqe itafile efanayo. INyathelo 2 Utitshala uchaza izigama ukwandisa (ukunyuka kumlinganiselo) kunye nokuhla (ukucutheka kumlinganiselo) ngokubhekiselele kukhutshelo lwamandla nemodeli yesuntswana yematha. Utitshala angasebenzisa ibhotile nebhaloni eyibeke emlonyeni ukubonisa: Beka ibhotile emanzini ashushu – amandla obushushu akhutshelwa ukusuka emanzini ukuya eglasini, ukuya emoyeni osebhotileni. Amasuntswana omoya ahamba ngokukhawuleza (ukunyuka kumandla ekinetiki). Ahambela kude ebhotileni (umoya uyandla), esenza ibhaloni ukuba ivutheleke. Inyaniso yeyokuba oku akwenzeki kumanzi abandayo. Abafundi bathabatha amanqakwana baze baqhube nophando olungezantsi. Uphando olusebenzayo nolubonakalayo: Ukuphanda ukhutshelo nefuthe lamandla obushushu INyathelo 3 ISICWANGCISO Umbuzo wengqwalasela: Ingaba okuqinileyo, ulwelo neerhasi ziyanda zize zicutheke xa zishushubeziwe zaza zapholiswa? Ulwazi olufunekayo ukuphendula umbuzo wengqwalasela: lucacisiwe kwinyathelo 2 ngentla. Abafundi okanye ititshala ibonelela: ingqekembe yemali neslothi, idiskhi neringi, ibhola neringi, ulwelo olufakwe umbala kwibhotile evaliweyo enesitro okanye ingcangu (straw) esicikweni. (ngciba isiciko ngeprestiki). Ulwelo luyanda xa lushushubeziwe. Luhamba ukunyuka ngesitro kwaye luhle xa lupholisiwe. INyathelo 4 UKWENZA Abafundi bavavanya ifuthe lokushushubeza nokupholisa kwizinto. Ibhola: ingaba iza kugqitha kwiringi emva kokushushubezwa? Ingqekembe: iza kukwazi ukuphuma kwislothi emva kokushushubezwa? Amanzi ajikwe ngombala: kwenzeka ntoni emanzini akwisitro emva kokuba amanzi eshushubeziwe? Abafundi barekhoda abakuqapheleyo (mabazobe bachaze). INyathelo 5 VAVANYA Abafundi bacacisa iziphumo zabo ngokwemigaqo yokhutshelo lwamandla, intshukumo yamasuntswana, ukuhla nokwanda. INyathelo 6 Abafundi baphanda ngendlela ucutheko nokwanda kwezixhobo ekuqwalaselwa ngayo kulwakhiwo umz. Iijoyini zokwandisa kwimizila kaloliwe, izilebhu zekonkrithi, iibhulorho, njl.njl. INgxelo (bayabhala baze bazobe) ukuchaza abakufundileyo. INyathelo 7 Jonga ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza amandla ekinetiki kunye nangakhona? Ukuchonga iindawo zenkqubo apho amandla eguqulwa ukusuka

kwikinetiki ukuya kumandla angakhona kunye nokusuka kwangakhona ukuya kwikinetiki?

Ukuchaza ukwandisa nokuhla nookubaluleka kwako xa kusakhiwa izinto?

- 10 -

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Umboniso wezandla, ingxoxo nemfunalwazi IZIXHOBO Izixhobo ekubhekiswa kuzo, izixhobo ze-eksperimenti

Imixholo ye-NS

IMatha nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi – iimpawu zezixhobo UTHUNGELWANO

iZifundo ITeknoloji – iinkqubo nolawulo Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana

□ Uhlolo lukatitshala / olwenziwa ngutitshala □




Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √

Ukudlala indima □ Imisebenzi yokuzoba iingcamango □



Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □

Imibuzo ecwangciswe ngendlela ethile √


IVEKI 5 IMITHETHO YOKHUSELEKO ENXULUMENE NEMITHOMBO YAMANDLA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Amafutha enqwelo efosili: amafutha enqwelo enziwa kwiintsalela zee-

oganizimu ezaziphila mandulo Isekethi: inkqubo yeengcingo nezakhi apho umsinga uhamba khona Izenzo ezingakhuselekanga: izinto eziyingozi onokuzenza.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.3.1 – 6.3.3

INyathelo 1 Yazisa abafundi kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo apho umbane wenziwa ngayo umz. Ngokubonelela ngeedayagramu ezibonisa iindlela amafutha enqwelo efosili, amandla enyukleri nemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo eyahlukeneyo asetyenziswa ngayo ukuvelisa umbane. Nika abafundi itshati yepayi ebonisa zonke iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamafutha enqwelo asetyenziswa eMzantsi Afrika. Buza imibuzo malunga netshati yepayi: Ngowuphi umthombo osetyenziswa rhoqo? Kutheni ucinga njalo? Ngowuphi umthombo wamandla unguwona usetyenziswa kancinane?

Kutheni ucinga njalo? Bala (okanye uthelekelele) itotali yepesenti yemithombo yamandla

ahlaziyekayo kwitshati yepayi. Ucinga ntoni ngale nto?

INyathelo 2 Abafundi baphanda malunga nokulungileyo nokungalunganga ngendlela nganye yokwenza umbane. Iklasi yahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amathathu: amafutha enqwelo efosili, amandla enyukleri namandla ahlaziyekayo. Iqela ngalinye malithi (1)

- 11 -

liphakamise indlela yalo njengeyona indlela ingcono yokwenza umbane, kwaye (2) bafumane impazamo nezinye impazamo kwezinye iindlela. Amanqaku anikezelwa kwizizathu ezicacileyo ezinakho ukukhuselwa. INyathelo 3 Abafundi babhala phantsi okulungileyo nokungalunganga ngomthombo ngamnye wamandla. INyathelo 4 Abafundi bafunda ngendlela yokufaka iplagi engunxantathu, bazobe balebhelishe. Utitshala uxelela abafundi malunga nemisebenzi yocingo ngalunye nobaluleko yokufaka ingcingo ngendlela elungileyo. (ucingo oluhleliyo, olusecaleni nolwe-ethi) Ititshala ibonelela abafundi ngedayagramu ukubonisa indlela isekethi yeplagi eyenza ngayo isekethi epheleleyo nesitishi samandla xa iswitshi ivaliwe. INyathelo 5 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi: Chaza indlela umbane wenziwa ngayo ngomthombo wamandla

ahlaziyekayo nangahlaziyekiyo? Ukufaka kuluhlu okulungileyo nokungalunganga komthombo wamandla

ahlaziyekayo nangahlaziyekiyo? Ukufaka ucingo kwiplagi engunxantathu baze bachaze umsebenzi

wocingo ngalunye?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Umboniso nophando IZIXHOBO Ucaphulo, isixhobo sokufaka ucingo eplagini

Imixholo ye-NS

IPlanethi yoMhlaba – umbane kwindalo; uBomi nokuPhila - umbane nefuthe lawo elibi kumzimba womntu IMatha nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi – iimpawu zezixhobo

UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo

INzululwazi yezeNtlalo – ifuthe kwezokusingqongileyo, ukwenziwa kombane ISifundo soBomi – izilumkiso zokhuseleko ITeknoloji – iinkqubo nolawulo

Ukuzivavanya ngokwakho □ Ukuvavanywa ngamaqabane □ Ukuvavanywa liqela □ Ukuvavanywa ngutitshala □


Izifundo zemfunalwazi □ Ukudibanisa ingqondo □

Iiprowujekthi □ Imilinganiso □ Ukudibanisa isigama □ Imfunalwazi √

Ukudlala indima yomnye umntu □

Imisebenzi yokususa uvalo □

Umsebenzi □ Umsebenzi woguqulo □ Ukubhala okusebenzayo √ Uhlolo olusekelezelwe kumsebenzi. □

Udliwanondlebe □ Imiboniso √

Umboniso wezandla □

Iphepha lemibuzo □ Okunye:

UVAVANYO Isikhumbuzi :

Rekhoda umsebenzi womfundi

kwiMisebenzi yoVavanyo oluhleliweyo

Uviwo □ Imibuzo ehleliweyo □ Okunye:

IVEKI 6 IISEKETHI ZOMBANE


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Iisekethi zombane: indela umbane ohamba kuyo ukwenza izixhobo

zombane zisebenze Izakhi zombane: izinto ezenza isekethi yombane Ibhalbhu zesibane (iglowubhu): isakhi sombane esiguqula amandla

ombane ukuya kumandla esibane nawobushushu

- 12 -

Iimoto: isakhi sombane esijikelezayo xa siqhagamshelwe kwisekethi Ukushushubeza iingcingo: iingcingo ezizodwa eziba shushu xa umsinga

wombane ugqitha umz. afunyanwa kwii-ayoni, izishushubezi, iigiza, iiketile

Ukusebenza iingcingo: iingcingo ezivumela umbane ukuba ugqithe Iiswitshi: izakhi ezivulekileyo (ezophukileyo) okanye uvale (egqibeleleyo)

isekethi Ibhetri (iseli yombane).

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1

INyathelo 1 Chaza iimpawu zezakhi zombane. Abafundi bayarekhoda bachaze: Inkangeleko (indlela ekhangeleka ngayo) Uphawu lwayo kwidayagrama yesekethi Yenziwe ngantoni Into enokuyenza Isizathu sokusetyenziswa kwayo Iingozi zezakhi (umz. Iba shushu, njl.njl.) INyathelo 2 Ukubeka izitishi ezimbalwa kunye neesekethi ezahlukeneyo. Yenza abafundi bazenzele iisekethe zabo besebenzisa zonke izakhi. Ekupheleni komsebenzi, abafundi bekufanele ukuba babone zonke izakhi zisebenza. Abafundi bajikeleza bengamaqela ukutyelela isitishi ngasinye sokusebenza. Bazoba isekethi nganye baze barekhode abakuqapheleyo malunga nemisebenzi yezakhi ezahlukeneyo. Bazoba iintolo kwisekethe nganye ukubonisa ukuhamba kombane. INyathelo 3 Iqela ngalinye liyila uvavanyo, olujongwa ngutitshala. Amaqabane ahlola uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayazazi izakhi nemisebenzi yayo. Ukufunda okongeziweyo: bafunda ukuchonga izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ekwenzeni izakhi umz. Isinyithi sekopolo kwiingcinga baze baphande iimpawu zezixhobo. INyathelo 4 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchonga izakhi ezahlukeneyo zombane, bazobe iimpawu zazo baze

baxele umsebenzi wazo? Zoba iidayagramu ezilula zesekethi neelebhile? Babonise ukuhamba kombane ngokuchanekileyo kwisekethe nganye?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Umsebenzi wezandla nenkxaso IMITHOMBO Ucaphulo nezixhobo zombane

Imixholo ye-NS

IMatha neZixhobo – impawu zezixhobo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo ITeknoloji – iinkqubo zombane

- 13 -

Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √ Ukudlala indima □ Imisebenzi yokuzoba iingcamango □



Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni



IVEKI 7 UKWAKHA ISEKETHI YOMBANE


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Iisekethe zombane: indlela ehanjwa ngumbane ukwenza izixhobo

zombane ukuba zisebenze Izakhi zombane: iindawo ezenza isekethi zombane Iibhalbhu zokukhanyisa (iiglowubhu): isakhi sombane esiguqula amandla

ombane ukuya kukhanyo kunye namandla obushushu Iimotho: isakhi sombane esijikelezayo xa siqhaganyiselwe kwiskethe Ukushushubeza iingcingo: iingcingo ezozdwa eziba shushu xa umsinga

wombane ugqitha kuzo umz. zifunyawa kwii-ayoni, izishushubezi, iigiza, iiketile

Iingcingo zokuhambisa umbane: iingcingo ezivumela umbane ukuba ugqithe

Iiswitshi: izakhi ezivulekayo (ezophukayo) okanye ezivalayo (ezipheleleyo) isekethe

Ibhetri (iseli yombane)

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 – 6.1.3

6.2.3

Uphando: Yakha isekethi yombane equka izakhi eziza kuvelisa ubushushu, ukukhanya namandla esandi kwaye zenze into ihambe

INyathelo 1 ISICWANGCISO Cacisa umbuzo wengqwalasela ukuphanda izakhi kwisekethi yombane umz. Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ingcono yokulungisa izakhi ukuze zisebenze kakuhle (zisebenze ngokona kungcono)? Chaza ulwazi olufunekayo ukuphendula umbuzo wengqwalasela.

INyathelo 2 UKUHAMBISA UMBANE Qokelela zonke izixhobo oza kuzifuna. Qhuba uvavanyo olulula: Yakha iisekethe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo uze urekhode okuqapheleyo: kuphi apho izibane ziqaqamba kakhulu, iibhazi zingxola kakhulu, njl.njl.? Iisekethe zakho zombane kufuneka ziquke iingcingo zobushushu, iibhalbhu zezibane, iibhazi, njl.njl. (ukuba zikho).

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INyathelo 3 VAVANYA Vavanya uvimba wolwazi. Nxulumanisa okuqapheleyo kumbuzo wengqwalasela. Nxibelelana ngeziphumo zophando: Zoba ezimbini zeesekethe zombane zakho (1) njengoko uyibona kunye (2) needayagramu zesekethe. Bonisa iintolo ezibonisa ukuhamba kombane ujikeleza isekethe nganye. INyathelo 4 Abafundi bangenza olunye uphando olumisela okuza kwenzeka ukuba iiseli ezininzi bezongeziwe kwisekethe engentla. INyathelo 5 Yakha inkcaza emfutshane yesekethe yombane: Abafundi bazoba idayagram yesekethe ngoksekelezelwe kwinkcaza. Bonisa uze uchaze ukhutshelo lwamandla kwakunye noguqulo lwamandla olwenzeka kwisekethe. INyathelo 6 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukwakha isekethe yombane, zoba idayagramu yesekethe, uze uchaze

ukhutshelo noguqulo lwamandla kwisekethi? Ukuzoba idayagram yesekethe esuka kwinkcaza? Ukubonisa ukuhamba kombane ngokuchanekileyo kwisekethe nganye?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Uphando, ingxoxo IZIXHOBO Ucaphulo, izakhi zombane

Imixholo ye-NS

IMatha neZixhobo – iimpawu zezixhobo

UTHUNGELWANO IZifundo

INzululwazi yezeNtlalo – imithombo yezendalo nemisebenzi yezoqoqosho ITeknoloji – iinkqubo zombane






Iiprojekthi □ Imidlalwana yokulinganisa □





Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



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IVEKI 8 AMANDLA OMBANE


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Isandi senziwa yinto eshukumayo Imithombo nesandi: isandi sihamba sishiye imithmbo (umz.

unomathotholo, ukuqhwaba izandla, ukungxola, njl.njl.). Isandi siya sitshonela njengoko sisimka.

Isandi singahamba kuphela ngesihambisi (ulwelo, okuqinileyo, irhasi). Isandi asinakho ukuhamba ngaphandle kwesincedisi (ukutsho oko akukho moya).

Iintshukumo: iintshumo ezikhawulezileyo ezenziwa yinto (umz. ukuva iintshukumo eziphuma kwisipika)

Inowuthi: izandi eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi. Iinowuthi ziphezulu kakhulu (isandi esiphezulu) okanye isandi esisezantsi (isandi esisezantsi).

Ukuvakala kwesandi: indlela isandi esiphole okanye esingxola ngayo.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1

LO 6.3.1 – 6.3.3

Uphando: Zenziwa njani izandi? INyathelo 1 ISICWANGCISO Abafundi baphakamisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo apho izandi ezinokwenziwa ngazo kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. INyathelo 2 UKWENZA Qhuba imiyalelo ukwenza izandi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Bamba icala elinye lokuphela kwerula ulibeke phezu kwetafile bube

obunye ubude berula buvele ekupheleni. Betha (ngxolisa) ukuphela kwecala uze umamele isandi.

Faka eplagini ibhanti yelastiki etsalwe nkqi. Beka iminwe emqaleni wakho ngeli lixa uhamisha. Tsala umlomo webhaloni uthi nkqi ngeli lixa umoya uphuma ungxamile

kuyo. Betha idramu letoti yekofu, njl.njl. Abafundi baphendula imibuzo: Senziwa njani isandi? Ubone ntoni? Uve ntoni? Yintoni umthombo wentshukumo? INyathelo 3 VAVANYA Abafundi baxela abakufundileyo malunga noendlela izandi ezenziwa ngayo. Utitshala ucacisa ukuba izandi zenziwa xa izinto zishukuma. Intshukumo yento yenza iimoletyhuli zomoya ukuba zihambe kwaye oku kwenza intshukumo yamaza (insthukumo) emoyeni. Xa la maza efikelela ezindlebeni zethu siweva njengesandi. Iimolethyuli zomoya ngokwazo azihambi ukunqumla igumbi, zihamba nje ukuya ngaphambili nangasemva, zisisa intshukumo kwisuntswana elilandelayo, njalo njalo. INQAKU: Uphando olungezantsi luza kubonisa ifuthe lamaza.

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INyathelo 4 Olunye uphando Ingaba izandi zingahamba ngolwelo, okuqinileyo okanye iirhasi?

(Izandi kufuneka zihambe ngesincedisi) Utitshala ucacisa ukuba izandi zifuna isincedisi (okuqinileyo, ulwelo kanye irhasi) ukuhamba ukugqitha. Abafundi benza le misebenzi ilandelayo: a) Isandi ihamba ngolwelo Galela amanzi kwibhokisi yesidlo yeplastiki ukuze ibe malunga nekota ukuzala. Betha icala lebhokisi yesidlo ngecephe lesinyithi. Hlala ubetha ngomnwe kuyo ngokulinganayo. Qaphela umgangatho wamanzi uze uchaze okubonileyo. b) Isandi sihamba ngolwelo Vala enye indlebe yakho uze ubeke enye etafileni ekupheleni uze uyeke omnye abethe ngomnwe etafileni ekupheleni kwelinye icala. Ingaba uyaisva isandi? c) Isandi sihamba ngeerhasi (umoya) Chaza indlela isandi esiphuma kwinto eshukumayo esifikelele ngayo endlebeni yakho. Utitshala ubonelela abafundi ngomzobo wendlebe aze ayeke abafundi bazobe iintolo ukubonisa indlela isandi esihamba ngayo ukusuka kwinto shukumayo ukuya endlebeni de isandi siviwe. Phendula le mibuzo malunga nomsebenzi ngamnye kule ingentla Uve ntoni? Yintoni umthombo wentshukumo? Hlobo luni lwesincedisi / isixhobo iliza elihamba ngaso? Ingaba isandi siya kweliphi icala? Ingaba inowuthi (ephezulu okanye esezantsi) yesaandi inxulumana

njani nesantya sentshukumo? Abafundi babeka iminwe yabo emiqaleni yabo ngeli lixa besenza izandi eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi. Cacisa ukuba yeyiphi inowuthi esezantsi nephezulu. Abafundi emva koko benza olu phando lulandelayo. Chukumisa (shukumisa) ubude obahlukileyo beerula ekupheleni kwetafile. Plaga (shukumisa) itawuti kunye neebhanti zelastiki. Rekhoda iziphumo zakho etafileni: Into Ingaba ihamba

ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokucothayo?

Inowuthi ephezulu okanye esezantsi?

Irula ende Irula emfutshane Ilastiki eqinisiweyo Ilastiki ewokowoko

Abafundi bafunda uvimba wolwazi etafileni baze babhale phantsi abakufundileyo.

- 17 -

Ootitshala baqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayaqonda ukuba isantya into eshukuma ngayo imisela inowuthi yayo, ukutsho oko, ukukhawuleza kokushukuma kwento kokungona inowuthi iba phezulu kwaye okukona intshukumo icotha kokukona inowuthi iba sezantsi. Baza kuva oku ngokucace kakhulu xa bebeka iminwe yabo kwimiqala yabo xa besenza izandi zeenowuthi eziphezulu nezisezantsi. . Ungayiguqula njani inowuthi yesandi? Sika iingcangu zeplastiki zokusela zibe bubude obahlukeneyo. Cinezela ukuphela kwengcangu nganye uze emva koko usike iikona ukwenza utolo. Vuthela ingcangu nganye uze uqaphele indlela inowuthi eguquka ngayo. Yenza amadramu eetoti ngerabha yebhaloni etsaliweyo ekupheleni okuvulekileyo ngokuqinisa okwahlukileyo. Ingaba inowuthi iguquka njani njengokuba irabha isiya iqina? Nkqonkqa ibhotile ezahlukeneyo ngecephe lesinyithi? Ingaba inowuthi iguquka njani njengokuba ibhotile zisiya zikhula? Shukumisa iiglasi okanye ibhotile ezinezixa ezahlukeneyo zamanzi ngokuhlikihla umphelo ophezulu. Abafundi bacacisa ngabakufundileyo baze banxulumanise oku nokungafunyanwa ngubani kwizixhobo zomculo. Bangabhala ingxelo malunga nenowuthi ekwizixhobo zomculo ezifana needramu, ii-ogani, ifluthi, neekatala. Inqaku likatitshala: Okuya uba mfutshane umbhobho wesixhobo somculo, kungona inyuka inowuthi. (iingcangu) Okuya iba nkulu itsheyimba (ezaliswe ngumoya), kokukona inowuthi iba sezantsi. (njengakwiidramu ezinkulu) Okuya luqina ufele lwedram, kukunyuka kwenowuthi. Kwisixhobo esibotshiweyo ukuba mfutshane okanye ukuqina kwentsontela kungona inowuthi iba phezulu. Zenziwa njani izandi eziphezulu nezipholileyo (ivolumu)? Abafundi baqhwaba izandla zabo thambileyo nangokungxolayo. Abafundi beenza isandi ngamazwi abo baze bavuthele ngetyhubhu yekhadbhodi (yephepha langasese okanye itawule yephepha). Kwenzeka ntoni kwisandi? Ingaba abafundi bangaxela ukuba kutheni? Utitshala ucacisa ukuba ivolumu ixhomekeka kwisixa samandla kwisandi. Ukuba intshukumo inamandla amaninzi yenza iliza lengxolo enkulu enika ingxolo ephezulu (umz. Ukuqhwaba izandla pezulu). Ukuba into ishukunyisiwe kwikhavithi, njengakwikatala okanye intsimbi, isandi sifaniswa nesikanomathotholo (esinyusiweyo senziwe singxole ngaphezulu) kwaye singahlala ixesha elide.

Ivolumu yesandi ilinganiswa kwedecibheli (dB). Le yunithi ibizwa egameni lika- Alexander Graham Bell owavelisa imfonomfono. Ututshala uqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayaliqonda ifuthe lengxolo ephezulu kakhulu nendlela yokukhathalela iindlebe zabo. Oku kungabizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi ‘wokufunda ukuqonda’.

Ukufunda okongeziweyo: Abafundi benza izixhobo zomculo ezilula baze babonise indlela abanokguqaula ngayo inowuthi yesixhobo sabo.

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INyathelo 5 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi: Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza indlela isandi esenziwa ngayo? Ukuchaza umahluko phakathi kwenowuthi nevolumu? Ukuxela inowuthi ephezulu kwinowuthi esezantsi baze bacacise

umahluko? Ukuchaza indlela isandi esihamba ngayo ukusuka kumthombo ukuya

endlebeni?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Uphando olusebenzayo nolubonakalayo nenkxaso, ingxoxo IZIXHOBO Iincwadi zokufunda, ucaphulo, isixhobo sokuphanda

Imixholo ye-NS

iMatha neZixhobo – iimpawu zezixhobo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo ITeknoloji – kuvelisa isandi UBugcisa neNkcubeko – izixhobo zomculo











Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni



IVEKI 9 IZIPHAKAMISO ZOKUBETHELELA ULWAZI

UKUFUNDA

NGENZULULWAZI

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 – 6.1.3

Imithombo yamandla: yenza iiposta ezinezihloko, iilebhile namanqaku

ukubonisa umz. Imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo nangahlaziyekiyo; imithombo yamandla angakhona nawekinetiki.

Iindidi zamandla: yenza iiposta ezinezihloko, iilebhile namanqaku okubonisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamandla angakhona nawekinetiki.

Iinguqu zamandla: qokelela oomatshini nezinto ezizisa utshintsho lwamandla. Chaza ukhutshelo noguqulo lwamandla (iinguqu) olwenzeka kumatshini ngamnye.

UKhuseleko lwaMandla: yenza uphando ekhayeni ukuba apho amandla esetyenziswa khuselekileyo nangokungakhuselekanga kwikhaya lakho. Bhala ingxelo uze uphakamise iindlela zokuphucula ukhuseleko ekhayeni.

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Ukugcina amandla nokusingqongileyo: faka kuluhlu okungalunganga

komthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo namandla angahlaziyekiyo. Iisekethe zombane: fumanisa indlela umbane osuka kwisikhululo

sombane ukuya kumakhaya ethu uze uphinde ubuyele kwisikhulo sombane kwakhona. Zoba uze ubhale phantsi ukucacisa.

Abafundi bazoba nasiphi na isixhobo somculo baze balebhelishe indawo eziphambili. Cacisa indlela izandi ezenziwa ngayo sisixhobo nendlela inowuthi nevolumu yesandi esinokuguqulwa ngayo.

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Uphando nemfunalwazi

IZIXHOBO Izixhobo zokucaphula Imixholo ye-NS

IMatha neZixhobo – iimpawu zento nematha nezixhobo


INzululwazi yezeNtlalo – ufikelelo olulinganayo kwimithombo neenkonzo ITeknoloji – iimpawu zesixhobo neenkqubo






Iiprojekthi □






Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 10 UMSEBENZI WOVAVANYO OLUHLELIWEYO 1

UMSEBENZI WOVAVANYO OLUHLELIWEYO

LO 2 AS 1 Zoba itshati yesigama ngamandla. LO 2 AS 2 Beka kuluhlu oku kulandelayo kumaqela amabini usebenzisa izinto ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo 2 (umz. Udidi / umthombo okanye ikinetiki / angakhona)

- 20 -

LO 2 AS 3 Zoba idayagramu yesekethi yesekethi yombane enobuncinane izakhi ezi-3. LO 2 AS 1 Sebenzisa ulwimi lwenzululwazi ukucacisa ukhutshelo lombane noguqulo lwamandla kwisixhobo sombane umz. isomisi seenwele. LO 2 AS 2 Chaza iimpawu zazo naziphi na izakhi ezibini zombane:

indlela ezikhangeleka ngayo (zoba); uphawu lwayo yenziwa ngantoni into enokuyenza isizathu esetyenziselwe sona

LO 2 AS 1 Xela izixhobo oza kuzifuna ukwakha isekethe yombane yefeni esebenzisa ibhetri. LO 2 AS 2 Bonisa (zoba) indlela oza kuyiqinisa ngayo. LO 1 AS 3 Enza iziphakamiso ngendlela yokwenza isekethe ukuba ibe namandla ngakumbi. LO 1 – 2 Chaza ubudlelane obukhoyo phakathi kwenowuthi yesandi nesantya apho into ishukuma. LO 1 – 2 Chaza indlela ongaguqula ngayo inowuthi nevolumu yesixhobo osikhethileyo. UTitshala angathumela kwiiFomathi ukwenzela uPhando noVavanyo lweBanga 6 kwiSihlomelo C

amandla esola

Umbane

ukukhanya UmthiAmanziemvula

ubushushu

Isandi Isipringi esicinezelweyo

Ibhanti yelastiki etsaliweyo

Iseli yekhemikhali

- 21 -

IKOTA 2: INKQUNTO (MATTER) NEMATHIRIYELI

IVEKI 11 UVAVANYO LOLWAZI ABAFUNDI ABASELE BENALO – INKQUNTO

NEMATHIRIYELI (IBANGA 5)

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 1-3

Enza uvavanyo lolwazi abafundi abasele benalo lweBanga 5 iMatha neMathiriyeli ukufumana ukuba loluphi na ulwazi lwangaphambili olufunyenweyo. Buza imibuzo: Inkqunto (imatha): nantoni enobunzima nethabatha isithuba Imathiriyeli: imatha eqinileyo umz. izinyithi, iiseramiki neepholimazi

eziluncedo kuthi Amanqanaba ematha Iindidi zemathiriyeli Izinto: zinakho ukuba kho ngendalo okanye zenziwe Izinyibilikisi: nenixube yonyibiliko nonyibilikiso Amaqondo okubila nawokunyibilika.

IVEKI 12 + 13 IIMPAWU ZEMATHIRIYELI


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Imathiriyeli Imathiriyeli: nantoni na eyenziwa ngematha eqinileyo Izinyithi: i-ayoni, ikhrowumu, i-aluminiyam, ikopolo, njl.njl. Iiseramiki: izinto zomdongwe, imveliso yephondo, ithayile, iglasi Iipolima: iiplastiki neerhali (iirhali zeplastiki ezenziwe ngezandla neerhali

zendalo ezifana noboya nomqhaphu) iikhompawundi Ikhompawndi: into eyenziwa yindibaniselwano yee-athom (izinto). (Umz.

Amanzi yikhompawundi eyenziwa nge-oksijini nehaydrojini (H2O)) I-oksijini: (O2) irhasi esiyiphefumlayo ukuze siphile Irasti: ikhompawundi eyenzeka xa i-ayoni isetyenzwa (naphina apho

ikhoyo) kunye ne-oksijini emoyeni. Iimpawu zemathiriyeli I-insulation : ukukwazi ukuthintela amandla ukuba angabaleki okanye

angene Ukuba voco voco: ukukwazi ukugoba okanye inwebe iphinde ibuyele

kwisimo sayo esiqhelekileyo Ukuqina: ukukwazi ukumelana nemimoya Ukuncamathela / ukunamathela: kukuthatha izinto ngozibuthe Uhanjiso lombane: ukukwazi ukuyeka umbane uhambe Uhanjiso lobushushu: ukukwazi ukuyeka amandla obushushu ahambe

kuyo Ukunyibilika: ukukwazi kokuqinileyo ukuba kunyibilikele kulwelo.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 - 6.2.2

INyathelo 1 Utitshala ubonelela ngezixhobo ezimbalwa eziquka: izinyithi, iipholima neeseramiki.

INyathelo 2 Abafundi bachaza iimpawu zezixhobo ezichongiweyo.

INyathelo 3 Abafundi bangabeka kumaqela iimathiriyeli ngokweempawu zazo.

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LO 6.1.1 – 6.1.3

INyathelo 4 Lungiselela izikhululo zokusebenzela Phanda iimpawu zemathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo Iinkonkxa zezinyithi, iiseramiki nerasti yeplastiki xa zibekwe emanzini? Ingaba zonke izinyithi ziyarusa? Ingaba izinyithi, iiseramiki neeplastiki ziyazihoya iimagnethi? Ingaba izinyithi, iiseramiki neeplastiki zihambisa umbane okanye hayi? Ingaba izinyithi, iiseramiki neeplastiki zihambisa ubushushu okanye

hayi? Ingaba izinyithi, iiseramiki neeplastiki ziynyibilika emanzini okanye ezinye

izinyibilikisi (ezifana neviniga)? ISikhululo 1: Ukurusa Abafundi bangabeka isampulu yesixhobo ngasinye (izinyithi ezahlukeneyo (NB: quka isikhonkwane), iiplastiki neeseramiki) kwibhotile enamanzana amancinane kwakunye netispuni letyuwa. Yibeke elangeni ukuvavanya ukuba isinyithi siyarusa. Yivumele ime ithuba elingeentsuku ezilishumi kukho isiciko ebhotileni. Babhala phantsi abakuqapheleyo. ISikhululo 2: Ukuba voco voco Tsala uze ugobe izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwaye uvavanye ukuze ubone ukuba / indlela ebuyela ngayo kwimeko yangaphambili. ISikhululo 3: Ukuqina Izixhobo zokubetha (sebenzisa amatye) ukubona ukukwazi kwayo ukumelana nemimoya. ISikhululo 4: Ukubizeleka kwimagnethi Sebenzisa imagnethi ukuvavanya ukukwazi kwemathiriyeli ukubizeleka kwizincedisi zemagnethi. ISikhululo 5: Okuhambisa umbane Qhagamshela imathiriyeli kwiisekethi zombane ukuvavanya ukukwazi kwemathiriyeli ukuyeka amandla ahambe. ISikhululo 6: Ukufakwa kobushushu Sebenzisa imathiriyeli ukuvavanya ukukwazi kwazo ukuyeka ubushushu ukuba bungene ngaphakathi okanye buphumele ngaphandle. Yenza izindlu zeebhokisi ngeemathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo ukulungiselela amaphahla (umz. Iifoyile ze-aluminiyam, ikhadbhodi, umthi, iplastki, iithayile, njl.njl). Cika iibhokisi uze ufake iithemomitha kumngxuma omncinane ecaleni uze ubeke elangeni iiyure ezimbini. Yalela abafundi ukuba balinganise iqondo lobushushu phakathi ezibhokisini nkqo emva kweeyure ezimbini. Yalela abafundi ukuba benze inqaku ngabakufundileyo. ISikhululo 7: Ukuhambisa ubushushu Abafundi babeka amatispuni enziwe ngemathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo kwiskhongozeli samanzi abilayo. (Sebenzisa amatispuni eplastiki nesinyithi, amacephe amancinane omthi kwakunye namatispuni esinyithi aneziphatho zeplastiki okanye ezomthi. Abafundi beva isiphatho setispuni emva kwemizuzu emi-5 ukuvavanya indlela obuhamba ngayo ubushushu. INyathelo 5 Abafundi bazoba baze babhale ukurekhoda abakuqapheleyo kwate baquke nayiphina imilinganiselo yeqondo lobushushu. Babonisa bathethe ngophando lwabo kwiklasi iyonke. INyathelo 6 Yalela abafundi ukuba bafake kuluhlu izixhobo ngokwezi mpawu zingentla. Kufuneka benze itshati ukubonisa ukuba bazihlelile izixhobo.

- 23 -

INyathelo7 Cacisa oku kulandelayo: imathiriyeli efana neeplastiki zingahlulwa zibe zizintlu ezimbini ezahlukeneyo eziphambili. Iipholima zendalo: Izityalo zenza isitatshi ngexesha lefothosinthesisi.

Isitatshi yipholima. Izityalo nezilwanyana nazo zenza iifayibha ezifana nomqhaphu, iifayibha zengca (ezokwenza iibhaskithi), ilineni, noboya neenwele.

Iipholima ezithambileyo: iiplastiki (iifayibha ezenziwe ngezandla) ezifana nenayiloni, ipholithini, ipholiyesta. Iiplastiki zenziwa ngamalahle ne-oli.

INyathelo 8 Yiza nemizekelo yeendidi ezininzi zeeplastiki neefayibha. Yalela abafundi ukuba bahlele imathiriyeli ibe zizintlu ezimbini eziphambili – iipholima ezithambileyo nezendalo. INyathelo 9 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza imathiriyeli eyahlukileyo usebenzisa isigama esifanelekileyo

(ubhekisa kwiimpawu zazo)? Ukubeka imisebenzi ukuphanda iimpawu zemathiriyeli uze wenze

uqatshelo nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo nechanekileyo? Ukuzoba nokubhala ukurekhoda abakuqapheleyo ngokuchanekileyo? Ukuhlela ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo ngokweempawu zazo? Ukuxela ngokuchanekileyo umahluko phakathi kweepholima zezandla

nezendalo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo yeklasi, umsebenzi wezandla, hlela

IZIXHOBO Imathiriyeli (iplastiki, isinyithi, iseramiki), iibhokisi, iithemomitha, amaphepha okusebenzela, izikhongozeli , amanzi njl.njl. Imixholo ye-NS

IPlanethi enguMhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – izixhobo zendalo nezithambileyo


ITeknoloji – iimpawu nezixhobo EMS – ukusetyenzwa kwezixhobo ezikrwada











Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



- 24 -

IVEKI 14 AMANQANABA ENKQUNTO (IMATHA)


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Izinto: zinakho ukuba khona ngendalo okanye zenziwe Amanqanaba ematha: okuqinileyo, ulwelo neerhasi Okuqinileyo: imatha ebophelelekileyo Ulwelo: imatha enendlela engaqhelekanga Irhasi: imatha enganasiseko Amandla afunxiweyo: xa amandla efunyenwe / efunxiwe okanye

ongeziwe Amandla akhululiweyo: xa amandla elahlekile okanye ekhululwe Umphunga: xa amanzi eguquka ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kumphunga

(irhasi).

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA LO 6.2.1 - 6.3.1

INyathelo 1 Abafundi beza (okanye bachonga) uluhlu lwemathiriyeli eklasini. (okuqinileyo; ulwelo; iirhasi) Okuqinileyo - amasuntswana eswekile, iqekembe lomkhenkce Ulwelo - amanzi, iziselo ezibandayo, igazi, i-oli, ubisi Iirhasi - ibhaloni evuthelweyo, ityupu empntshiweyo yebhayisekile, iibhotile zomoya. INyathelo 2 Cacisa ukuba konke okuqinileyo, ulwelo neerhasi zenziwa ngamasuntswana amancinane kangangokuba engenakho ukubonwa. Amasuntswana angafumana okanye alahlekane namandla, xa eshsushubeziwe okanye epholisiwe. Kokuqinileyo amasuntswana: abekwe ngokusondeleleneyo, echwethana abanjelwe kunye zizinto ezomeleleyo ahamba (eshukuma) kancinane Kulwelo amasuntswana: anezithuba phakathi kwawo abanjelwe kunye zizinto ezibuthathaka kunezo zikokuqinileyo ziyajikeleza Kwiirhasi amasuntswana: anezithuba ezikhulu phakathi kwawo abanjelwe kunye zizinto ezibuthathaka kakhulu ajikeleza ngamandlakazi amakhulu INyathelo 3 Cacisa indlela yokuguquka kwenqanaba, usebenzisa amasuntswana emodeli yematha efana nale: xa okuqinileyo kushushubeziwe kuyanyiblika. Oku kungenxa

yamasuntswana afunxa amandla kwaye aqalise ukujikeleza ngakumbi, afumana izithuba ezikhulu kwaye zizinto eziwajikelezileyo ziya ziba buthathaka. Ngale ndlela okuqinileyo kuba lulwelo.

Xa ulwelo lushushubezwa amasuntswana afunxa amandla amaninzi ngakumbi kwaye abe namandla kakhulu. Lunezinto ezibuthathaka ezilubambe kunye. Lunezithuba ezikhulu phakathi kwalo. Ngale ndlela ulwelo luba yirhasi.

- 25 -

INyathelo 4 Yalela abafundi ukuba bazobe baze babhale ukuchaza iimpawu zokuqinileyo, ulwelo nerhasi, usebenzisa imodeli yamasuntswana yematha. Abafundi babhala imihlathi emifutshane ngemizekelo yemihla ngemihla ukucacisa intsingiselo yezi zigama zilandelayo: ukunyibilika ukukhenkcisa (ukuqinisa) ukubilisa(ukuba ngumphunga) ukwelisa INyathelo 6 Utitshala ucacisa ukuba amashishini asebenzisa amanqanaba ematha ukulungisa imilo yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo. Okuqinileyo okufana nezinyithi (igolide), iipholima (iiplastiki) neeseramiki (iglasi) zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso eziluncedo. INyathelo 7 Yalela abafundi ukuba baphande ulwazi malunga neenkqubo zamashishini. Benza iposta (enemifanekiso, imizobo, iilebhile, amanqaku nesihloko) ukuchaza iinkqubo apho amashishini esebenzisa amanqanaba ematha ukulungisa imo yamasuntswana abe ziimveliso ezisebenzisekayo. INyathelo 8 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza okuqinileyo, ulwelo neerhasi ngokwemigaqo yemodeli

yamasuntswana ematha ebonisa umqondo ochanekileyo? Ukubhala imihlathi ebonisa ukuba bayaqonda ukuqina ube

ngumkhenkce, ukunyibilika, ukubila (ukuba ngumphunga), nokucutheka kwaye bakwazi ukunika imizekelo yemihla ngemihla?

Ukufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngendlela ushishino olusebenzisa ngayo amanqanaba amathathu ematha kwiinkqubo zalo zokuvelisa?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo, inkcaza, uphando

IZIXHOBO Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli, iincwadi zokucaphula Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla neNguqu – indima yamandla kwiinkqubo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo ITeknoloji ne-EMS – iimpawu nokusetyenzwa kwemathiriyeli

- 26 -

Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 15 IINGUQU EZISIGXINA OKANYE EZEXESHANA ZAMANQANABA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Okuqinileyo: amasuntswana asondelelene kakhulu kwimo

ebotshelelweyo Ulwelo: amasuntswana athanda ukuwela elinye kwelinye kwaye

aluqhelekanga Irhasi: amasuntswana athe saa kakhulu kwaye akanasiseko Ukunyibilika: ukuguquka kwemo ukusuka okuqinileyo ukuya kulwelo,

kuqheleke ukuba yenziwe ngamandla obushushu Amandla afunxiweyo: xa amandla efunyenwe okanye ongeziwe Amandla akhululiweyo: xa amandla elahlekile Inguqu esisigxina: ayinakho ukubuyela mva kwimeko yayo

yangaphambili Inguqu yexeshana: inguqu ayiyiyo eyesigxina – ingaguquka kwakhona Inguqu yenqanaba: ukuguquka ukusuka kwimo enye ukuya kwenye

(okuqinileyo, ulwelo, iirhasi)

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 - 6.1.3

Uphando lwezenzululwazi - Amanqanaba eenguqu kwimatha Inkqubo Kuza kubakho usuku lwentengiso esikolweni sakho. Kuza kufuneka wenze iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zekhathuni ngetshokholeythi, ijeli okanye iujsi ekhenkciweyo usebenzi iimowuldi. Umhlobo wakho kufuneka abilise amaqanda. Abanye kufuneka benze amagwinya, okanye iipankuku. Yonke into ingabonakaliswa ngendlela enika umdla. INyathelo 1 ISICWANGCISO Abafundi bachaza ulwazi olufunekayo ukuphendula umibuzo wengqwalasela.

- 27 -

Abafundi babuza imibuzo malunga netshokholeythi, ijeli ne-ayskrimu (ijusi ekhenkciweyo) namaqanda, iipankuku namagwinya, njl.njl. efana: Ingaba itshokholeythi ingaguqulwa kaninzi ize ijikwe ibe zimo ezahlekuneyo? Ingaba amaqanda angaguqulwa kaninzi ukuze abe neemo ezahlukeneyo? Ingaba amaqanda ayaqina xa iwakhenkca? njl.njl. INyathelo 2 Abafundi bacacisa umbuzo wengqwalasela ukuphanda ukuba zeziphi na iindlela zematha eziguquka isigxina okanye okwexeshana. INyathelo 3 Cacisa ukuba enye imatha iguquka isigxina njengokuba ezinye iinguqu kwimatha zingazezexeshana, kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu. Kwitshokholeythi, ijeli nesakhasi ze-aysikrimu iinguqu zezexeshana. Kumaqanda, igwinya, neepankuku iinguqu ziza kuba sisigxina. INyathelo 4 UKWENZA Utitshala kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba zonke izixhobo ezifunekayo ziyafumaneka. INyathelo 5 Abafundi baqokelela yonke imathiriyeli ukuphanda iimpawu zeetshokholethi namaqanda. INyathelo 6 Yalela abafundi ukuba baqhube uvavanyo olulula kwiinguqu ezisisigxina nezexeshana. Abafundi banyibilikise baze bapholisa itshokholeythi. Phinda inkqubo

amaxesha ambalwa ukuphanda ukuba inguqu isisigxina okanye yeyexeshana.

Abafundi babilisa baze bapholise iqanda. Phinda inkqubo amaxesha ambalwa ukuphanda ukuba inguqu isisigxina okanye yeyexeshana. Njl.njl.

INyathelo 7 Abafundi barekhoda abakuqapheleyo ngokubhala amanqaku amafutshane. INyathelo 8 VAVANYA Abafundi babelana ngamava abo neklasi iyonke. Abafundi benza itheyibhila, ukuhlela izinto ezilandela iinguqu ezisigxina

kwanezo zilandela iinguqu zexeshana. Bayabhala ukucacisa umahluko phakathi kwenguqu yesigxina nenguqu

yexeshana. INyathelo 9 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuqulunqa imibuzo efanelekileyo ulungiselela uphando lwezityo

ezithile? Ukuchaza izityo ezahlukeneyo besebenzisa isigama esifanelekileyo

(bebhekisa kwiimpawu zazo)? Ukubeka imisebenzi ukuphanda ukuba ingaba izityo ezahlukeneyo

zilandela iinguqu ezisisgxina okanye ezexeshana emva kokushushubezwa okanye ukupholiswa?

- 28 -

Ukwenza uqatshelo olufanelekileyo noluchanekileyo? Ukuzoba nokubhala ukurekhoda abakuqapheleyo ngokuchanekileyo? Ukuhlela ngokuchanekileyo izityo ngokweenguqu ezizilandelayo

(cazulula iziphumo)? Ukuxela ngokuchanekileyo umahluko phakathi kwenguqu yexeshana

nesisigxina?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Yenza ii-eksperimenti; iingxoxo; uphando

IZIXHOBO Izixhobo ezifunekayo kwii-eksperimenti ezahlukeneyo; uxwebhu lokusebenzela Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla neNguqu – indima yamandla kwinkqubo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo I-EMS neTeknoloji – iinkqubo neemveliso Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni



IVEKI 16 UKUQINISA NGEKRISTALI: SIYIFUMANA NJANI ITYUWA KWAKHONA

KWISISOMBULULO SAMANZI ETYUWA?


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Ulweliso: inkqubo umphunga wamanzi (irhasi) epholiswa kwaye ajike

abe lulwelo. Ukuba ngumphunga: inkqubo apho ulwelo lushushubezwa ukuba

luguquke lube ngumphunga wamanzi (irhasi) Ulwahlulo: inkqubo apho izinto eziqinileyo zisahlulwa Uqiniso: xa into, efana namanzi, iqina Ukuqinisa ngekristali: inkqubo yokwenza iikristali ngokushushubeza

isinyibiliko ukuba �ense umphunga Ukufudumeza amanzi: inkqubo apho ulwelo lufundunyezwa ukuvelisa

umphunga. Umphunga uphinda uqiniswe ngokuwupholisa ukwenza ulwelo olucacileyo.

- 29 -

INDLELA

YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 - 6.1.3

Uphando lwezenzululwazi: Ukuqinisa ngekristali Inyathelo 1 Utishala ucacisa ukuba zeziphina izinto ezinakho ukuqiniswa ngekristali ngeenkqubo ezithile. Okwenzekayo: Sivaleleke esiqithini. Sifuna ityuwa ngezizathu ezithile ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqonda ezi zigama zingentla, phanda indlela yokwenza ityuwa ngamanzi olwandle ukusombulula le ngxaki. Inyathelo 2 ISICWANGCISO Abafundi bacacisa umbuzo wengqwalasela ukuqala uphando ngoqiniso ngekristali. Umz. Ingaba siyifumana njani ityuwa kumanzi etyuwa kwakhona? Inyathelo 3 Ngokusekelezelwe kwingcaciso katitshala, abafundi bachaza ulwazi olufunekayo ukuphendula umbuzo wengqwalasela. Inyathelo 4 UKWENZA Yalela abafundi ukuba banike iingcinga ngokunokwenzeka malunga nendlela uphando ekufuneka luqhutywe ngayo. Mabazame ukudibanisa, behluza, kwaye babilise (okanye bashiye umxube elangeni) ukwenza umphunga emanzini baze baqinise ityuwa. Inyathelo 5 Yalela abafundi ukuba baqokelele zonke zixhobo ezifunekayo ukuphanda indlela yokuqinisa ityuwa. Inyathelo 6 Abafundi mabazame ukudibanisa, bahluze, baze babilise umxube. Abafundi bangawushiya umxube kwindawo apho ubethwa bubushushu

ngqo obusuka elangeni (ukukhawulezisa inkqubo), kukho umoya omninzi kwaye kude kunentshukumo yarhoqo engakhona.

Inyathelo 7 Yalela abafundi ukuba barekhode uqatshelo lwabo ngexesha lobuncinane iiveki ezimbini ngokwenza imizobo namanqaku amafutshane. Inyathelo 8 VAVANYA Abafundi baphendula imibuzo: 1. Ingaba ityuwa ingohlulwa emanzini ngokuyihluza? Kutheni? 2. Ingaba ityuwa ingohlulwa emanzini ngokuhluza? Kutheni? 3. Ingaba ityuwa ingohlulwa emanzini ngokubilisa umxube? Kutheni? 4. Ingaba ityuwa ingohlulwa emanzini ngokuyishiya elangeni? Kutheni? 5. Kwenzeke ntoni emanzini ngexesha lenkqubo yoqiniso ngekristali? 6. Ingaba ityuwa ikhangeleka yahlukile xa iphinde yafunyanwa ngokuyibilisa xa kuthelekiswa naxa ishiywe elangeni? 7. Chaza ezinye zeempawu zeekristali. Inyathelo 9 Abafundi baphanda ngendlela ityuwa eyahlulwa ngayo ngokoshishino emanzini olwandle kwiipani zetyuwa. Beza nolwazi lwabo eklasini. Inyathelo 10 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi:

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Ukuqulunqa imibuzo efanelekileyo yokuphanda indlela yokwahlula

ityuwa kumxube wetyuwa? Ukubeka imisebenzi yokuphanda iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana

kwakhona ityuwa emxubeni? Ukwenza uqatshelo olufanelekileyo noluchanekileyo? Ukuzoba nokubhala ukurekhoda uqatshelo lwabo ngokuchanekileyo? Ukuphendula imibuzo ngokuchanekileyo? Ukuchaza iimpawu zamagaqa etyuwa? Ukuphanda bafumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngendlela ityuwa

efumaneka ngayo kwakhona elwandle? Ukuxela ngokuchanekileyo indlela efumaneka ngayo kwakhona

ngoshishino?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ukwenza i-eksperimenti IZIXHOBO Izixhobo ezifunelwa i-eksperimenti

Imixholo ye-NS

Iplanethi enguMhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – inzululwazi yezendalo, imithombo, (amanzi) ungcoliseko, ucoco lwamanzi

UTHUNGELWANO Izifundo

Inzululwazi yezeNtlalo – abantu, imithombo nokusingqongileyo, iinkqubo zococo lwamanzi






Iiprojekthi □



Uphando √




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IVEKI 17 – 18 AMAQONDO OKUBILA OLWELO OLWAHLUKENEYO


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Iqondo lokubila: iqondo lobushushu apho ulwelo lujika lube yirhasi Iqondo lokunyibilika: iqondo lobushushu xa okuqinileyo kujika kube

lulwelo Ithemomitha: isixhobo sokulinganisa isixa samandla obushushu Degree Celsius (ºC ): iyunithi yokulinganisa amandla obushushu

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INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 - 6.1.3

LO 6.2.1

LO 6.2

LO 6.3

Uphando kuMaqondo okuBila INyathelo 1 ISICWANGCISO Abafundi banceda ukucacisa umbuzo wengqwalasela ukuqalisa uphando kumaqondo okubila olwelo olwahlukeneyo (umz. icoke, ijusi ye-orenji, i-energade, indubela, amanzi etyuwa, njal.njl.). Mabathelekise amaqondo okubila obuncinane iindlela zolwelo ezimbini namanzi.

Imizekelo yemibuzo; Kuthabatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ulwelo lufikelele kwiqondo

lokubila? (yenza umlinganiselo wexesha ) Ingaba ulwelo olwahlukeneyo lunamaqondo okubila ahlukeneyo?

(linganisa iqondo lobushushu qho ngemizuzu emihlanu kulwelo ngalunye uze uthelekise)

Ingaba ulwelo olwahlukeneyo lubila kubushushu obuphezulu okanye obusezantsi kunamanzi? (linganisa iqondo lobushushu qho ngemizuzu emihlanu kulwelo namanzi ngamanye uze uzithelekise)

Cacisela abafundi indlela yokufunda ithemomitha kwinqanaba leliso lokuchaneka. Abafundi bachaza ulwazi olufunekayo ukuphendula umbuzo wengqwalasela. INyathelo 2 UKWENZA Abafundi bafudumeza ulwelo ngeli xesha bathabatha iqondo lobushushu

kwaye besenza uqatshelo qho ngemizuzu de kufikelelwe kwiqondo lokubila. (Iqondo lobushushu alinyuki lakufikelela ekubeileni – thabatha imilinganiselo emibini okanye emithathu ukuqinisekisa oku).

Rekhoda uqatshelo ngokwenza amanqaku nokurekhoda iqondo lobushushu qho emva kwemizuzu mihlanu.

INyathelo 3 VAVANYA Abafundi iigrafu zemigca zeziphumo zabo (Bamba ixesha qho emva

kwemizuzu emi-5 kwi- X-axis enqamlezileyo. Bamba iqondo lobushushu kwi-°C ekwi-Y-axis ethe nkqo)

Nxulumanisa uqatshelo nemibuzo yengqwalasela: ingaba iziphumo (ufundo loqatshelo neqondo lobushushu) zibonelela ngeempendulo kumbuzo wengqwalasela? Xoxa ngokufundiweyo kuphando.

Uphando ngamaqondo okunyibilika INyathelo 4 ISICWANGCISO Qulunqa uphando ukuthelekisa okwenzekayo xa iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zolwelo zinyibilika (umz. umkhenkce, ijusi ekhenkciweyo, icoke ekhenkciweyo, i-ayskrimu, ibhotolo okanye imajarini, itshokholeythi enyibilikayo, njl.njl.). INyathelo 5 UKWENZA Ukwenza uqatshelo nemilinganiselo yeqondo lobushushu ngamaxesha

arhoqo (umz. beka imajarini elangeni uze uthabathe umlinganiselo weqondo lobushushu qho ngemizuzu emihlanu kwaye wenze kwale nto inye nokunye okuqinileyo wandule ukuthelekisa).

Zoba iigrafu zemigca. (Bamba ixesha qho emva kwemizuzu emi-5 kwi-X-axis ezinqamlezileyo. Gcina iqondo lobushushu kwi-°C ekwi-Y-axis ethe nkqo)

- 32 -

INyathelo 6 VAVANYA Bhala ingxelo enoku kulandelayo: Umbuzo wengqwalasela Indlela Iziphumo (uqatshelo nemilinganiselo) Iigrafu Ufunde ntoni malunga neqondo lokunybilika lezinto ezahlukeneyo? INyathelo 7 Imibuzo Kwenzeka ntoni kwiqondo lobushushu lolwelo xa lufikelela kwiqondo

lokubila? Kwenzeka ntoni kwiqondo lobushushu lokuqinileyo xa lufikelela

kwiqondo lokunyibilika? Singaxela xa iqondo lokubila kufikelelwa kulo ngokuqaphela nje

kuphela? Kutheni?

INyathelo 8 Phanda ukufumana ulwazi ngamaqondo okubila nawokunyibilika ezinto ezahlukeneyo (umz. ityuwa, iswekile, ikopolo, igolide, ilothe, umkhenkce owomileyo (inayitrojini), amanzi, imetyhuri, njl.njl.). INyathelo 9 Fumanisa, unike ingxelo uze unikezele ngolwazi nendlela ifriji enceda ngayo abantu. (Umz. Zeziphi ezinye zeengxaki (impilo neendleko zokutya, njl.njl.) abantu abazifumanayo xa bengenazo izikhenkcezi? Zeziphi ezinye iindlela ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ukugcina ukutya kupholile?). INyathelo 10 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuqulunqa imibuzo efanelekileyo yokuphanda amaqondo okubila

nawawokunyibilika? Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kwiqondo lokubila ubushushu

bolwelo buhlala ndaweni nye de lonke ulwelo luguquke lube yirhasi? Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kwiqondo lokunyibilika lokuqinileyo

ubushushu buhlala ndaweni nye de kube okuqinileyo kuguquke kwaba lulwelo?

Ukubeka ngokuchanekileyo imisebenzi ukuphanda amaqondo okubila nawokunyibilika olwelo nokuqinileyo okwahlukeneyo?

Ukwenza uqatshelo nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo nechanekileyo? Ukuzoba babhale ukurekhoda uqatshelo nemilinganiselo yabo

ngokuchanekileyo? Ukuzoba iigrafu (isihloko esichanekileyo, isikali, ii-eksis ezilebheliweyo,

amaqondo ebekwe ngokuchanekileyo)? Ukuphanda baze bafumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngendlela ifriji ezuzisa

ngayo abantu kwakunye neziphumo zokungabinayo ifriji?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Xoxa, umsebenzi wezandla, qaphela, enza amanqaku IZIXHOBO Amaxwebhu okusebenzela, izitshisi zamadangatye, izikhongozeli

Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla neNguqu – ukutshintsha kwilahleko yamandla nofunyano lwamandla UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo IZibalo – umlinganiselo neegrafu

UVAVANYO Ukhumbule :



- 33 -




Iiprojekthi □






Udliwano-ndlebe √




Bhala phantsi iziphumo

zemiSebenzi yoVavanyo

oluseSikweni



IVEKI 19 UHLAZIYO NOKUFUNDA OKWANDISIWEYO

UKUFUNDA

NGENZULULWAZI

Zikhumbuze ngokufutshane ngeentsingiselo zawo onke amagama / amabinzana asele echaziwe kwizifundo ezingaphambili

Iziphakamiso zoQiniso Iimpawu: ukufumana (bhala uze unikezele) ngendlela abantu abathintela

ngayo ukurusa nokuba kutheni kubalulekile nje. Amanqanaba ematha: Iinkxalabo zokhuseleko xa usebenzisa irhasi

yokupheka ekhayeni. Bhala imithethelo yokhuseleko. Iinguqu ezisigxina nezexeshana: bonisa (bonisa uze uxele) indlela

yokwenza inguqu esisigxina okanye eyexeshana kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla ngokufudumeza okanye ukupholisa.

Ukuqinisa ngekristali: khulisa amaqekembe eswekile okanye awe-alum kwizinyibilikisi.

Amaqondo okubila: uphando (bhala uzobe) ngendlela iqondo lokunyibilika legolide elibaluleke ngayo kushishino lwegolide.

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Experimetation

IZIXHOBO Izixhobo ezifunelwa i-eksperimenti Imixholo ye-NS

AMandla neNguqu – indima yamandla kwiinkqubo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo ITeknoloji ne- EMS – izinto eziqulathwe yimathiriyeli kunye neenkqubo zazo






Iiprojekthi □





oluseSikweni

UPhando √


- 34 -



Udliwano-ndlebe √






IVEKI 20 UMSEBENZI WOVAVANYO OLUHLELIWEYO 2 –

Imiba echaphazela iqondo lokubila lamanzi


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Imixube: indibaniselwano yezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu

ezinokuphinda zahlulwe kwakhona Ukunyibilikisa: xa into ixubana nolwelo kwaye ikhangeleka ilahleka

phakathi kulwelo, ngoko ayinakho ukubonwa Okunyiblikayo: umxube owodwa apho okuqinileyo, ulwelo okanye irhasi

inyibilika kulwelo Izinto ezinyibilikayo: izinto ezinyibilikayo (ikhangeleka ilahleka) xa

zixutywe nolwelo (umz. Iswekile exutywe namanzi) Izinto ezinganyibilikiyo: izinto ezingenakho ukunyibilika kulwelo (umz.

amagqabi eti emanzini) Unyibiliko: into eankho ukunyibilka kwenye, isenza isinyibiliki Isinyibiliki: into enakho ukunyibilika kwenye into, okanye apho enye into

inyibilikayo, kusenzwa isinybiliki Ukunyuka: isixa esikhulu sesinyibiliki esinyibilikisiweyo Iqondo lobushushu: umlinganiselo wamanani wobushushu okanye

ukuphola kwisikali semigangatho (Degrees Celsius - °C) Iimeko ezichaphazela unyibiliko: izinto ezikhawulezisa okanye ezithoba

isantya sonyibiliko umz. Inani lokuzamisa; iqondo lobushushu lolwelo; ubungakanani bekhozo

Iqondo lokubila: iqondo lobushushu apho ulwelo lujika lube yirhasi.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1

Uphando: Ingaba ukunyuka kwesinyibilikisi emanzini kuchaphazela njani iqondo lokublisa amanzi? INyathelo 1 ISICWANGCISO Utitshala ukhumbuza abafundi ukuba iqondo lokubila lamanzi ngu-100°C kwinqanaba laselwandle. Utitshala ucacisa ukuba ungaliguqula iqondo lokubila lamanzi ngokongeza izinto ezinyibilikisiweyo emanzini. Okuya usongeza unyibiliko emanzini kokungona iqondo lokubila liguquka (ukunyuka). INyathelo 2 Abafundi bancedisa ukuqulunqa imibuzo embalwa okungakhokelela kuphando. Inyathelo 3 Yalela abafundi ukuba bacacise umbuzo wengqwalasela ukuqalisa uphando kwiqondo lokubila ngesixa sesinyibilikisi.

- 35 -

INyathelo 4 Yalela abafundi ukuba bachaze ulwazi olufunekayo ukuphendula umbuzo wengqwalasela. INyathelo 5 UKWENZA Utitshala uvumela abafundi ukuba baphuhlise iziphakamiso zabo ngendlela uphando oluza kuqhutywa ngayo. Utitshala ukhokela abafundi ukubeka i-apharethasi ngokuchanekileyo. Abafundi benza umlinganiselo wamanzi kwitoti yepiriksi (engazi kophuka yakutshiswa). Bafudumeza amanzi de abile ukufikelela kwelona qondo liphezulu. Barekhoda iqondo lobushushu lamanzi abilayo. Emva koko bongeza itispuni leswekile / ityuwa ize yize nokubila kwakhona. Thabatha iqondo lobushushu ulirekhode etafileni. Abafundi bongeza elinye itispuni leswekile / ityuwa kumxube obilayo. Yizise kwiqondo lokubila uze uthabathe iqondo lobushushu kwakhona. Lirekhode. Isilumkiso wokhuseleko: Lumka ungazitshisi xa usebenza ngamadangatye INyathelo 6 Phinda le nkqubo amaxesha ama-3-4. Gcina urekhoda uze uzobe igrafu yomgca ukubonisa ngovimba wolazi. (yila inani lamatispuni eswekile / ityuwa eyongezwe kwi-X-axis enqamlezileyo. Yila iqondo lobushushu kwi-Y-axis ethe nkqu °C) INyathelo 7 VAVANYA Imibuzo: Lalisithini iqondo lobushushu lamanzi xa libilisiwe? Kwenzeka ntoni kwiqondo lobushushu elibilayo njengoko ubuwongeze

iswekile / ityuwa eninzi? Lalisithini elona qondo lobushushu larekodwa? INyathelo 10 Bhala ingxelo enoku kulandelayo: Umbuzo wengqwalasela Indlela Iziphumo (uqatshelo nemilinganiselo) Iigrafu Ufunde ntoni ngefuthe leqondo lokubila lamanzi xa usongeza iswekile /

ityuwa eninzi? INyathelo 11 Khangela ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuqulunqa imibuzo efanelekileyo yokuphanda ifuthe lezinyibilikisi

kwiqondo lokubilisa lamanzi? Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iqondo lokubila lamanzi liyaphakanyiswa

xa izinyibiliki zisongezwa emanzini? Ukubeka ngokuchanekileyo baze baqhube uphando? Ukwenza uqatshelo nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo nechanekileyo? Ukuzoba nokubhala ukurekhoda uqatshelo nemilinganiselo

ngokuchanekileyo? Ukuzoba iigrafu (isihloko esichanekileyo, isikali, ii-eksis zelebhile,

amaqondo ngokuchanekileyo)?

- 36 -

Ukuphendula imibuzo ngokuchanekileyo malunga neziphumo baze

bafikelele kwisigqibo esisiso?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ukwenza i-eksperimenti IZIXHOBO Izixhobo ezifunelwa i-eksperimenti

Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla neNguqu – indima yamandla kwiinkqubo UTHUNGELWANO

IZifundo IZibalo – umlinganiselo nomboniso wegrafu yovimba wolwazi Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




Udliwano-ndlebe √






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



- 37 -

IVEKI 21 UMSEBENZI WOVAVANYO OLUHLELIWEYO 3

LO 2 - 3

Utitshala uza kubeka uMsebenzi woVavanyo oHleliweyo ngokwemisebenzi eyenziweyo ngeli xesha.

LO 2 AS 1 Lungiselela umsebenzi wovavanyo apho abafundi kufuneka bakwazi ukukhumbula ulwazi lwezenzululwazi ngokusekelezelwe koku kulandelayo: Iimpawu zesinyithi, iiseramiki neeplastiki (iipholima), (ukurusa, ukuba

nemagnethi, uhanjiso lombane nobushushu ne-insulashini, ukunyibilika.) Amanaqanaba ematha (ngokusekelezelwe kwimodeli yamasuntswana

ematha) Iinguqu ezisigxina nezexeshana eziziswa bubushushu (nokupholisa) Ukuqinisa ngekristali Amaqondo okunyibilika nokubila. LO 2 AS 1 Abafundi mabachaze: iindidi zemathiriyeli iimpawu zemathiriyeli amanqanaba ematha. LO 2 AS 1 Abafundi mabacacise: indlela yokwahlula isinyibiliki kwisinyibilkisi indlela ukuqinisa ngekristali ekwenzeka ngayo.

LO 2 AS 2 Abafundi mabahlele ezi zixhobo ngokusekelezelwe kwiimpawu zazo. LO 2 AS 2 Abafundi mabacacise umthetho wabo wokuhlela izixhobo. LO 3 AS 2 Abafundi mabacacise ngeemveliso zobuchwepheshe neenkqubo ngokubhekisa kwimixube nonyibiliko, kunye neenguqu zamanqanaba, kunye neenguqu zexeshana nezisigxina kwizinto.

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IKOTA 3: UBOMI KUNYE NOKUPHILA

IVEKI 21 iyaqhutywa

UVAVANYO LOLWAZI ABAFUNDI ABASELE BENALO - Ubomi nokuPhila (iBakala 5)


Iinkqubo zoBomi: zonke izinto eziphilayo zisebenzisa ezi nkqubo:

ziyashukuma, ziyazala, ziyakhula, ziyakhuthazeka, ziyaphefumla, ziyatya, zigutyula ubumdaka bomzimba

I-Biodiversity: “ubio” uthetha ukuphila / izinto eziphilayo; “udiversity” uthetha iintlobo ngeentlobo, i.e. intlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezifumaneka endaweni

Ukusebenzisana kwendalo: Indlela ezisebenzisana ngayo izinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo

Ifotosinthesisi: yindlela esetyenziswa zizityalo eziluhlaza ngokuthi zisebenzise ukukhanya kwelanga ukwenza istarch ngecarbon dioxide namanzi

I-Ikhosistim (ecosystem)s: zizityalo nezilwanyana kunye nezinto ezincinane eziphilayo eziphila endaweni zisebenzisane zizodwa zisebenzise nendawo leyo ezihlala kuyo

Isikhundla/ikhaya: yindawo ethile, ene-ikhosistim (ecosystem), apho izityalo nezilwanyana zihlala khona zizale zande

I-Organisms: zonke izinto eziphilayo; izilwanyana, izityalo kunye nezinto ezincinane eziphilayo (micro organisms).

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 1 - 3

Inyathelo 1 Abafundi mababhale phantsi iimpawu zezinto eziphilayo. Abafundi mabahlele uluhlu lwezinto (eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo) kwitheyibhile basebenzise ezo zihloko. Inyathelo 2 Abafundi mabaxelele utitshala ukuba yintoni abayaziyo ngebiodiversity. Utitshala unika abafundi imifanekiso emibini ene-ikhosistim (ecosystem). Omnye unezityalo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngelixa omnye uneentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi eziphilayo (biodiversity). Abafundi mabaphendule imibuzo ngezivakalisi ezipheleleyo: Yintoni i-ikhosistim (ecosystem)? Nika amagama ezinto ezingaphiliyo ezikwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem)

umzekelo. umoya, amanzi, umhlaba njl. njl. Nika amagama e-ikhosistim (ecosystem) nganye kwezi zingentla. Nika amakhaya abe mabini kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) nganye umzekelo

phantsi kwamatye; emithini; nasemanzini njl. njl. Yeyiphi i-ikhosistim (ecosystem) enezityalo ezininzi? Cacisa impendulo

yakho. Yeyiphi i-ikhosistim (ecosystem) enezilwanyane ezininzi? Naba uchaze

impendulo yakho. Yeyiphi i-ikhosistim (ecosystem) enezinto eziphilayo ezininzi

(biodiversity)? Cacisa. Abafundi mababhale ukutya okufumaneka kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem)

nganye. Inyathelo 3 Abafundi bazoba umfanekiso wesityalo baze banike amagama elungu ngalinye laso. Babhala amagama nenkcazelo emfutshane ukubonisa indlela eyenzeka ngayo ifotosinthesisi esityalweni.

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Abafundi baphendula imibuzo: Nika igama le nkqubo esetyenziswa zizityalo ukuzenzela ukutya? Nika igama lomoya ofunekayo kunye negama lomoya eziwukhuphayo

izityalo xa zisenza le nkqubo? Nika igama lento eluhlaza efunwa zizityalo ukuze zenze ifotosinthesisi. Nika amagama ezinye izinto ezimbini eziyimfuneko ukuze izityalo zikwazi

ukwenza le nkqubo. Kokuphi ukutya okuveliswa sisityalo emva kokuba yenzekile

ifotosinthesisi? Kutheni ifotosinthesisi ibalulekile kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem)? Ukufunda okongezelelweyo: Abafundi bathelekisa i-ikhosistim (ecosystem)s ezimbini ezahlukeneyo baze babhale umhlathi (ngawabo amazwi) malunga neendidi zezinto eziphilayo (biodiversity) kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) nganye. Inyathelo 4 Vavanya ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukwahlula phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo? Ukuchaza iimpawu zezinto eziphilayo? Ukuchaza ukuba yintoni i-ikhosistim (ecosystem), ikhaya lesilwanyana

netsheyina lokutya? Ukuchaza ukuba yintoni ibiodiversity kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem)? Ukuchaza inkqubo yefotosinthesisi? Ukucacisa ngokubaluleka kwefotosinthesisi?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Iingxoxo yabafundi malunga nolwazi namava angaphambili

IZIXHOBO Amaphepha omsebenzi abonisa oko sele kusaziwa nezinto ekunokufunyanwa kuzo ulwazi

Imixholo ye-NS

UBomi nokuPhila – ukuphilisana kwezityalo nezilwanyana Iplanethi yoMhlaba naNgaphaya kwayo – ukubaluleka kwezinto ezifumaneka eMhlabeni (umhlaba, umoya, amanzi) Amandla noTshintsho – ukudluliselwa kwamandla asekutyeni UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo Social Sciences – abantu, indyebo kunye nendalo, ukutshabalala kwezityalo nezilwanyana, ukwehliswa komgangatho wendalo (degradation)

IVEKI 22 IINTLOBO ZOKUTYA EZIPHUCULA IMPILO


Chaza ngokufutshane ezi zinto : IPyramid yokutya: ngumzobo omile okwepyramid obonisa iintlobo

zokutya esihlelwe ngokwamaqela Izongezi-sondlo: iivithamini okanye iiminerali ezongeziweyo ekutyeni

komntu ukuphucula isondlo kwindlela atya ngayo Iinkonzo: umzekelo; iklinikhi, abahlali, izitiya zemifuno.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA LO 6.2.2 - 6.2.3

6.3.3

Ukutya okuphucula impilo

Inyathelo 1 Abafundi mabaphande ngezakha-mzimba ezifumaneka ekutyeni

okwahlukeneyo ngokuthi bajonge uluhlu lwezakha-mzimba ezibhaliweyo kwiipakethe zokutya. Abafundi mabaqokelele izinto ezifaka ukutya ezingenanto (umzekelo; iibhokisi zecereal, iinkonkxa zokutya, njl. njl.) baze baphendule imibuzo okanye bathelekise iintlobo zokutya (umzekelo. bathelekise izakha-mzimba ezifumaneka kwiibreakfast cereals).

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Yenza uluhlu lweebreakfast cereals ezityiwa ngabafundi bonke

egumbini. Abafundi mabazobe ibar graph baze ke benze itable yezakha-mzimba yezona cereal zithandwayo ezintlanu ukuze baphendule le mibuzo.

Iipapa zakusasa

Umlinga-niselo wamand-la ngeekilojowuli (kJ)

Iproteyini kukutya okuyi-100 gremu

Iikhabhohayidrethi kukutya okuyi-100 gremu

Amafutha kukutya okuyi-100 gremu

Ifayibha kukutya okuyi-100 gremu

Inani leevitha-mini neemine-rali eziziin-tlobo

Cornflakes Rice Crispies Ipapa kamilimili Njl. njl.

Imibuzo engabuzwa: Yeyiphi ibreakfast cereal enamandla amaninzi? Bhala phantsi ukuba

amandla angakanani. Sesiphi esona sakha-mzimba (ziicarbohydrates, ngamafutha okanye

iprotein) esikunika amandla? Yeyiphi icereal eneprotein ephezulu kumlinganiselo we-100g? Kubaluleke ngantoni ukufumana iprotein eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwethu? Yeyiphi eyona enamafutha amaninzi kwizithako zayo? Abaluleke ngantoni amafutha ekutyeni kwethu? (ukomeleza imithambo

yeemvakalelo emizimbeni yethu). Kwenzeka ntoni xa sifumana amafutha amaninzi emizimbeni yethu?

Chaza kangangomhlathi ukuba kutheni kungasilungelanga oku. Yeyiphi icereal eneyona dietary fibre encinane kumlinganiselo we-100g? Ingaba kulungile okanye akulunganga ukuba ibenefibre encinane ngolu

hlobo? Cacisa impendulo yakho. Kokuphi okunye ukutya ekufuneka sikutye ukuze sifumane ifibre?

Inyathelo 2 Bhala imizekelo yokutya okwahlukeneyo nezinto okufakwa kuzo kuquka neenkonkxa. Zibhale kakuhle ngokwamaqela eentlobo zokutya. (Iintlobo zokutya zibonisiwe kwipyramid yokutya) Inyathelo 3 Abafundi mabahlele oku kutya kwakhona kube ngamaqela eentlobo zokutya ezimbini ezohlukeneyo (okufreshi / processed food nokuphekwe ekhaya / nokutya okukhawulezayo) mabachaze izizathu zokukubeka ndawonye oko kutya (QAPHELA: le ngxoxo ibaluleke kakhulu kuba ukutya okuphekwe ekhaya nokufreshi kunempilo kuba kona akufakwanga machiza kwaye kuphekwe ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Ukutya okucoliweyo okufana nokwenziwe ngewhite flour, newhite rice okanye okuneswekile eninzi akulunganga xa kukuninzi kwizidlo zethu).

Inyathelo 4 Abafundi mabajonge okubhalwe kwiibreakfast cereals baze benze uluhlu lweevithamini ezi-5 kunye neeminerali ezi-5 ezifumaneka kwiicereals. Kutheni ezi zongezi-sondlo zibalulekile kwizidlo zethu? Mabakhangele namachiza ongeziweyo umzekelo; iMonosodium glutamate, imibala yokutya yokuzenzela kunye neencasa zokuzenzela (zibhalwe zaziinombolo), itartrazine, ii-anti oxidants, ii-thickeners, i-sodium benzoate njl.njl.

- 41 -

Ukufundwa okongezelelweyo: Mabalungiselele “itheko lokutya okusempilweni” labafundi. Mabaphande ngokutya kwase-tuck-shop baze ke batsho ukuba kusempilweni kusini na. Inyathelo 5 Abafundi bathetha ngokubaluleka kokutya okulungileyo okuza kuphucula impilo yabo, okuthintela okanye kuphilise izigulo ezithile / izigulo ezifana ne-influenza (umkhuhlane), isifo sephepha, isifo sentliziyo, nokutyeba okugqithisileyo njl. njl. Abafundi baphanda ngokubaluleka kokutya nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni kunye nonyango olufunekayo xa ufuna ukulawula intsholongwane nesifo sikagawulayo. Inyathelo 6 Imibono malunga neprojekthi Abafundi benza uphando malunga nendlela abantu abazibona ngayo iinkonzo zezempilo ekuhlaleni, kunye neendlela abacinga ukuba zingaphuculwa ngazo. Mababuye abafundi baze kuchaza ngabakufumeneyo baze baxoxe ngeengxaki (izikhalazo) zabantu kunye neengcebiso abanazo zokuphucula imeko. Bakugqiba mababhale iileta eziya kuMphathiswa wesebe lezempilo bamchazele ingxaki yabo / imeko abajongene nayo abantu baze beze namacebo okuphucula loo meko. Abafundi mabaphande, bafumanise ukuba bangazinceda njani indawo abahlala kuzo zibe neenkonzo zoluntu ezilungileyo (basebenze eziklinikhi ukuphucula iinkonzo, balime imifuno ukuze bondle abagulayo nabahluphekayo nokunye). Inyathelo 7 Vavanya ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi banako: Ukwahlula iintlobo zokutya zibe ngamaqela ohlukeneyo nokuchaza

umsebenzi owenziwa luhlobo ngalunye lokutya emzimbeni? Ukuchaza isidlo esinesondlo? Ukubona ukutya okungalunganga xa kutyiwa kukuninzi (umzekelo:

refined foods) nokuchaza izizathu zokuba kutheni kungalunganga? Ukufunda okubhalwe emaphepheni okutya baqonde ukuba oko kutya

kuqulathe izakha-mzimba ezingakanani?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo nophando

IZIXHOBO Izixhobo zolwazi, iiposta, imifanekiso, iibhokisi zeesiriyeli nokunye ukutya, i-intanethi. Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla noTshintsho – amandla afumaneka kwizidlo ezahlukeneyo

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo Izibalo – usebenzisa iigrafu ukuze ubonise iinkcukacha IziFundo zoBomi – uphuhliso lwentlalo nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni





oluseSikweni


Izifundo □


- 42 -

Iiprojekthi √

Imidlalo yokulinganisa □


Uphando √




Udliwano-ndlebe √




Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 23 AMATHAMBO, IZIHLUNU KUNYE NENTSHUKUMO

UFUNDO LWENZULULWAZI

Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Izihlunu: ziinyama zomzimba ezizifinyezayo ukuze umzimba ushukume Iindidi zezihlunu umzekelo; biceps, triceps Izixokomezelo: umzekelo; ligaments, tendons Ekudibaneni kwamathambo: yindawo apho amathambo amabini edibana

khona. Ezi ndawo zinceda umzimba ushukume. Ii-invertebrates: (izinambuzane, imibungu, molluscs, crustaceans)

zinamathambo (skeleton) angaphandle (i-exoskeleton) Iivertebrates: (Intlanzi, Amphibians, Reptiles, Iintaka, Mammals)

zinamathambo angaphakathi (i-endoskeleton) Amathambo – ukhakhayi, umhlathi, ithambo lomqolo (kwiivertebrae),

iimbambo, umlenze wangaphambili okanye ingalo (ihumerus, iradius kunye ne-ulna), umlenze wangemva okanye imilenze (ifemur, itibia, ifibula), igxalaba (igxalaba, collar bone) nenyonga (hip girdle), iinyawo nezandla.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.3

Amathambo

Inyathelo 1 UTitshala makachaze ukuba iivertebrate zinamathambo (skeleton) angaphakathi emizimbeni yazo (i-endoskeleton), axhasa akhusele imizimba yazo engaphakathi. Amaxesha amaninzi iivertebrates zizilwanyana ezinkulu kuba amathambo azo angaphakathi omelele ngoko ayakwazi ukuthwala imizimba emikhulu. Ii-invertebrates ezininzi zinamathambo (skeleton) angaphandle komzimba (exoskeleton) axhasa akhusele imizimba engaphandle. Ngoko ke izilwanyana ezizii-invertebrate zizilwanyana ezincinane kuba ii-exoskeletons azomelelanga kangako ngoko zikwazi ukuxhasa imizimba emincinane kuphela. Amathambo eevertebrate kunye nee-invertebrate aneendawo adibana kuzo (joints).

Inyathelo 2 Abafundi benza uphando kumabala esikolo sabo, benza uluhlu lwezilwanyana abazibonayo, abaziva ngengxolo eziyenzayo okanye abazibona ngeempawu zazo (umzekelo; indlu yezigcawu, ilindle, iinyawo zazo, amaqokobhe njl njl.).

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Abafundi bahlela izilwanyana ezikuluhlu lwabo, iivertebrates nee-invertebrates zibekwicala lazo. Mabazibale bazohlule kakuhle kwitheyibhile. Inyathelo 3: IIVethebreyithi / ezinethambo lomqolo Ukuzoba umphandle wesilwanayana (ongamathambo) Abafundi mabazobe umphandle wesilwanyana kwiphepha eligotywe kanye kwithambo lomqolo leso silwanyana sithile, umzekelo indlovu okanye indlulamthi. Mabazame ukusenza sime isilwanyana esisikwe ephepheni. Kulula ukuba siwe. Mabasebenzise izifunxi-siselo zeplastiki ( bazincamathelise ngesaloteyiphu kwicala elingezantsi) xa besenza amathambo. Inyathelo 4 Amathambo omntu Nika abafundi umfanekiso wamathambo omntu. Mababhale amagama amalungu ala mathambo, umzekelo: ukhakhayi, umhlathi, ithambo lomqolo, iimbambo, umlenze wangaphambili okanye ingalo (ihumerus, iradius ne-ulna), imilenze (ifemur, itibia, ifibula), amagxa (igxalaba, ingqosha) nenyonga (hip girdle), iinyawo nezandla. Kufuneka babhale imisebenzi yelungu ngalinye: Ukhakhayi kunye neembambo: zikhusela ubuchopho, intliziyo

namaphaphu Imilenze neengalo: zezokushukuma Ithambo lomqolo: likhusela umnqonqo ;likwanceda umzimba ukwazi

ukugoba Ekudibaneni kwamathambo: kulapho adibana khona amathambo ukuze

umzimba ukwazi ukushukuma Umhlathi: lithambo elomeleleyo elixhasa amazinyo.

Inyathelo 5 Amathambo ezilwanyana eziziivethebreyithi Utitshala unika abafundi imifanekiso yemiphakathi (engamathambo) yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevethebreyithi. Abafundi babeka kakuhle imifanekiso yamathambo ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevethebreyithi. (umzekelo, izilwanyana ezincancisayo (iimamali), iintaka, njalo-njalo.) Inyathelo 6 Ukuthelekisa imiphandle (engamathambo) yeentlobo zezilwanyana Abafundi bajonga imifanekiso yemiphandle (engamathambo) yeentlobo ezimbini zezilwanyana (umzekelo; eyeentaka neemamali), baze baphendule le mibuzo ilandelayo. Bhala amagama amathambo esilwanyana ngasinye (ukhakhayi,

iimbambo, ithambo lomqolo, ivethebraye, amanqina angaphambili, amanqina angemva, inyonga igxalaba, umsila, isidibanisi-ligxa, isidibanisi-nyonga, ingqiniba , idolo njl.nj.).

Lwahluke kanjani ukhakhayi lwentaka kolwesilwanyana esiyimamali? Ohluke njani amanqina entaka kwawesilwanyana esiyimamali? Uyintoni umsebenzi weembambo zesilwanyana ngasinye? Zeziphi izinto ezifanayo ngamathambo ezi zilwanyana? Kutheni amathambo entaka ezininzi elula kunalawo eemamali nje? Inyathelo 7 Izihlunu kunye neentshukumo

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Utitshala uchazela abafundi ukuba: izihlunu ezi zinceda amalungu

omzimba ukuba anwebeke (oluleke) kwaye athambe (akwazi ukugoba). Izihlunu zinamathele emathanjeni zinqamleza ekudibaneni kwamathambo; izihlunu ezingambini ziyafinyezeka ziphinde zikhululeke, ze njalo kubekho intshukumo ethile; amathambo aqinile ngelixa zona izihlunu zithambile.

Abafundi baboniswa imifanekiso ebonisa ukuba ingalo yomntu ishukuma njani ukuya phezulu nasezantsi, ndawonye namagama ayo aphambili achaza ukuba isebenza njani (umzekelo; esinye isihlunu siyafinyeza ngelixa esinye sikhululeka, itsho ingalo inyuke iye phezulu, njalo-njalo).

Abafundi mabasebenzise ulwazi abalufumeneyo babhale umhlathi malunga nokuba izihlunu ezi ziyenza njani inyuke iphinde yehle ingalo.

Inyathelo 8 Amathambo ezilwanyana ezazisakuphila mandulo (eefosili) Utitshala unika abafundi ulwazi malunga nezilwanyana ezazisakuphila mandulo phaya. Abafundi bafunda ngamathambo ezilwanyana ezazisakuphila mandulo phaya. Abafundi bazoba umphandle (ongamathambo) wesilwanyana eso (umzekelo idinosaur) ngokujonga umzimba waso oqwayitiweyo. Abafundi babhala ulwazi abalufumeneyo ngaso. Ulwazi olongezelelweyo Abafundi baqokelela amathambo ezilwanyana, ze bafunisele ukuba ingaba ithambo ngalinye lisuka ndawoni apha emzimbeni (ongamathambo) wesilwanyana eso. Abafundi basebenzisa ucingo, amaplanga, amacwecwe aqinileyo, ilastiki, oonongciki, njalo-njalo, benze umfanekiso oqingqiweyo wengalo nezihlunu zayo. Bayabonisa ukuba isebenza njani ingalo besebenzisa lo mfanekiso. Inyathelo lesi 9 Vavanya ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba abafundi banako: Ukuhlela izilwanyana, iivethebreyithi nee-invethebreyithi, ngokujonga nje

amathambo azo? Ukuxela amagama amathambo eevethebreyithi, bakwazi nokuchaza

imisebenzi yawo? Ukuchaza ukuba izihlunu zengalo yomntu zishukuma njani?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Iingxoxo yabafundi kwigumbi lokufundela, uphando

IZIXHOBO

Iincwadi zolwazi, imifanekiso okanye iifoto, iitshati zokuncamatheisela amaphepha, amaphepha emisebenzi, imizekelo yohlobo lwezinto, amathambo, iphepha, izifunxi-ziselo, izikere, ezinye izinto apho ulwazi lunokufumaneka khona. Imixholo ye-NS

IPlanethi engumhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – imizimba yezilwanyana ezazisakuphila mandulo phaya, nokuguquka kwamaxesha / nokuhamba kwamaxesha

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo Izifundo nezoBomi – Ukubaluleka kokutya okunesodlo nokwenza imithambo Ukuzikhethela ubomi obukhuthaza impilo entle








- 45 -

Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √


I-asayimenti □ Umsebenzi woguqulo □ Ukubhala cacileyo √


Udliwano-ndlebe □




oluseSikweni



IVEKI 24 I-FOTOSINTHESISI (PHOTOSYNTHESIS)


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: IFotosinthesisi: yinkqubo apho izityalo eziluhlaza zisebenzisa ukukhanya

kwelanga, icarbon dioxide namanzi, ukwenza iicarbohydrates ne-oxygen Phantse zonke ii-ikhosistim (ecosystem)s zixhomekeke elangeni ukuze

zifumane amandla (afunekayo ukuze izityalo zikwazi ukwenze ifotosinthesisi).

Ukusebenzisana kwendalo: kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) nganye izityalo nezilwanyana ziyasebenzisana; ziyatya, inkunzi nemazi zidibane, zikhulise abantwana, zilwe ngendawo yokuhlala, nezinye iimfuno

Isikhundla: indawo ekwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) apho izityalo nezilwanyana zihlala khona

Ukuziphilela: zonke izilwanyana zixhomekeke kwizityalo ukuze ziphile Ukwahluka: Iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 – 6.1.3

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.2

IFotosinthesisi (Inkqubo yokondliwa kwezityalo ngelanga) Inyathelo 1 Utitshala makachaze ukuba yiklorofil (yincindi yamagqabi aluhlaza) efunxa amandla elanga. Amanzi wona afunxwa ziingcambu, ize icarbon dioxide ifunxwe ziintunjana ezincinane zamagqabi, ekuthiwa zizitomata. Utitshala makachaze ukuba amandla asuka elangeni adibanisa icarbon dioxide namanzi ukwenza iicarbohydrate (ezigcinwa njengestatshi). I-oxygen yona ikhutshwa ecaleni ngelixa kuqhubeka le nkqubo. Abafundi banika inkcazo (benze nomzobo ochazayo) (1) ngokubaluleka kwelanga, amanzi necarbon dioxide kwinkqubo yefotosinthesisi (2) indlela ezifunxwa ngayo zizityalo ezi zondlo zendalo (3) neziphumo zefotosinthesisi. Inyathelo 2 Utitshala uchazela abafundi ukuba kusetyenziswa i-ayodini xa kuvavanywa istatshi. Umbala we-ayodini uguquka kumbala wayo omdaka ube luhlaza-mnyama xa ithe yagalelwa kwistatshi. Utitshala ulubonisa esebenzisa umgubo wombona okanye wokuxova olu vavanyo lobukho bestatshi. Inyathelo 3 Ukuvavanya ubukho bestatshi kwigqabi eliluhlaza

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Abafundi bavavanya igqabi eliluhlaza ukuba linaso na istarch (besebenzisa amagqabi athambileyo (agqiba kukhiwa emthini) abegqatswe elangeni kangangeyure ubuncinane). Mabafake amagqabi emanzini abilileyo imizuzu emibini ukuze athambe. Mabakhuphe igqabi emanzini abilileyo balifake kwityhubhu yokubilisa (ityhubhu yovavanyo) baze baligalele ispirithi apha ngaphezulu. Mabamise ityhubhu le kwikomityi yephepha enamanzi abilayo (ubushushu buya kwenza ispirithi esi sibile) de igqabi libe bugqola. Liwalaze ngamanzi ke ngoku, wandule ulivavanye nge-ayodini. Ukuba ngaba linaso istatshi elo gqabi umbala walo uza kuguquka ube luhlaza okwe-inki. Qaphela: ISILUMKISO: Musa ukusebenzisa ispirithi kufutshane nomlilo, kuba siyakhawuleza ukuvutha. Abafundi babonisa indlela abenze ngayo uvavanyo ngokuzoba, baphendule nemibuzo elandelayo: Ingaba nisifumene istatshi kumagqabi ebeniwavavanya? Sibona ngantoni xa igqabi linaso istatshi? I-ayodini ibubonakalisa njani ubukho bestatshi egqabini? Izityalo zikwenzaphi ukutya kwazo? Uphando (ngokwenza): Ingaba ukutya okwenziwe ngezityalo kunaso istatshi? Inyathelo 4 UKULUNGISELELA Chaza ngolwazi olufunekayo ukuze kufumaneke iimpendulo zemibuzo engundoqo: Utitshala uchazela abafundi ngezixhobo ezifunekayo xa kuvavanywa ubukho bestatshi entweni ethile (i-ayodini, ipleyiti yokubeka izixhobo zovavanyo, isikhongozeli sokugcina amayeza, isichontsizi-yeza). Kwakhona, unika namanyathelo emakalandelwe xa kuvavanywa ubukho bestatshi entweni ethile. Ukutya onokukuvavanya, umzekelo: iitapile, ama-apile, umgubo wokuxova, umgubo wombona, itswele, iminqathe, irayisi ephekiweyo, isonka, isonka samasi, iqanda elibilisiweyo, ubisi, ipinabhatha, njalo-njalo) Beka izicuku zokutya (ngokwahlukana kwako) kwiziciko zeebhotile zeplastiki ezicocekileyo (ungakuxubi nanto ukutya). Inyathelo 5 UKWENZA Abafundi bavavanya ubukho bestatshi ekutyeni okwenziwe ngezityalo ezahlukeneyo ngokugalela iqabaza le-ayodini kwisiciko ngasinye esinokutya, bandule baqwalasele ukutshintsha kombala (umbala omdaka we-ayodini uza kuguquka ube luhlaza okwe-inki sikhona istatshi koko kutya kuthile). Abafundi babhala phantsi iziphumo besebenzisa le tafile njengesikhokelo ilandelayo: Ukutya Ingaba oku

kukutya kwenziwe ngesityalo?

Umbala wokutya okune ayodini

Ingaba sikhona istatshi koku kutya?

Iqanda Hayi mdaka Hayi Itapile Ewe luhlaza-mnama Ewe Njalo-njalo

Inyathelo 6 UKUHLOLA Abafundi bahlela ukutya ngokobukho nokungabikho kwestatshi.

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Umbuzo: Kokuphi ukutya okunestatshi? Ngoba? Kokuphi ukutya okungenaso istarch? Ngoba? Abafundi babhala umhlathi ochaza abakubonileyo, banike nezizathu ezicacisa iziphumo ezo. Inyathelo 7 Abafundi babhala iingcinga zabo (mind map) malunga nokuba kutheni ifotosinthesisi ibalulekile ebomini bomntu. (mabajonge ezi zihloko: ukuveliswa kokutya, ukuveliswa kwe-oxygen, ukususwa kwecarbon dioxide emoyeni, njalo-njalo). Inyathelo 8 Vavanya ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi banako: Ukuchaza ifotosinthesisi, banike izinto ezifunekayo neziveliswayo xa le

nkqubo isenzeka? Ukuchaza indima ye-ayodini kuvavanyo lobukho bestatshi, baqikelele

nokuba zeziphi izinto abacinga ukuba zinaso istatshi? Ukwenza uvavanyo lobukho bestatshi kumagqabi aluhlaza? Ukwenza uvavanyo lobukho bestatshi kwiintlobo-ntlobo zokutya? Ukukuqonda ukubaluleka kwefotosinthesisi kwizinto eziphilayo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Uphando (oluqhutywa ngokuthi kwenziwe into), ingxoxo yabafundi, uphando

IZIXHOBO Izixhobo zophando oluqhutywa ngokuthi kwenziwe into, izityalo, amaphepha omsebenzi, izinto ekufumaneka kuzo ulwazi

Imixholo ye-NS

Izinto ezikhoyo, nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile - iimpawu zezinto ezikhoyo nje gabalala Amandla nokuguqu-guquka kwezinto – Ifotosinthesisi yinkqubo yendalo, apho izityalo zizenzela ukutya ngokusebenzisa amandla elanga

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo Izifundo ngezoBomi – ulwazi ngezinto eziqulathwe kukutya Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




Undliwano-ndlebe □





iziphumo zemiSebenzi yoHlolo

oluseSikweni ks



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IIVEKI 25 + 26 I-IKHOSISTIM (ECOSYSTEM) (INTLALO EBONISA UBUDLELWANE

PHAKATHI KWEZINTO EZIPHILAYO ) – ubudlelwane phakathi kwerhamncwa nexhoba


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Umhlaba otyebileyo: umhlaba owondlekileyo onesondlo, nezityalo

zikhule kakuhle kuwo Uzinziso: ukusebenzisa izinto zendalo ngendlela eya kuzigcina ixesha

elide oko kujoliswe ekubeni zibe nako ukusetyenziswa nazizizukulwana ngezizukulwana

Indibano/ulwalamano lwendalo: izinto eziphilayo zichaphazelana/zalamana ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo umzekelo; ubudlelwana phakathi kwerhamncwa nexhoba

IHabitat: indawo ethile, ekwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem), apho izityalo nezilwanyana zihlala khona zizale zande.

ukuziphililela: ukuphila ixesha elide de ukwazi ukuzala, ukuze loo nto uyiyo yande ingafi okanye itshabalale

Ukwahluka: ukuba ziintlobo ezininzi kwezinto eziphilayo kuloo ngingqi.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1

Inyathelo 1 Utitshala uxelela abafundi ukuba kwindalo ethile kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) kukho ulwalamano oluqhubeka ngeendlela ezithile ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo: Uburhamncwa. Utitshala unika inkcazelo yegama elithi ‘uburhamncwa’ ngokunika imizekelo efanaI ‘nelovane linqakula impukane’. Uburhamncwa benzeka xa irhamncwa libamba okanye libulala ixhoba layo kuba ifuna ukulitya; irhamncwa sisidalwa esiphilayo esibulala ezinye izilwanyana ukuze sitye; ixhoba sisilwanyana esiphilayo esityiwa lirhamncwa. Abafundi bayaqhuba ngokunika eyabo imizekelo yolwalamano phakathi kwerhamncwa nexhoba; babhala phantsi inkcazelo bahlele amarhamncwa kumaxhoba besebenzisa itafile elandelayo njengesikhokelo: Irhamncwa Ixhoba Ilovane impukane Njalo-njalo

Inyathelo 2 Abafundi bafunda iincwadi abanokufumana kuzo ulwazi, okanye bakhangele kwi-Intanethi ukuba sikhona na isityalo esisebenza njengerhamncwa, (umzekelo iVenus Fly Trap, isityalo apha esithi sihlasele impukane ngokuyitsala ngomgibe (okwayinxalenye yaso), ze siyifuthanisele ide ife kuba sifuna ukuyitya). Mabenze imizobo ephawulwe ngamagama, bathi gqabagqaba bechaza isityalo abasicingileyo esidlala indima yerhamncwa. Inyathelo 3 Utitshala ukhetha into eza kumela irhamncwa, umzekelo: ukhozi, ukuze abonise ngayo abafundi indlela amarhamncwa afunda ngayo ukubamba amaxhoba awo. Abafundi mabanikwe umzobo, ze bona babhale amanqakwana kulo mzobo, bechaza eyona nto yenzekayo xa loo marhamncwa efunda ngendlela yokuhlasela amaxhoba awo. Ngokunjalo, bangenza njalo nakolunye uhlobo lwerhamncwa, umzekelo: ukrebe.

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Inyathelo 4 Bonisa abafundi imifanekiso okanye iDVD ebonisa indlela izilwanyana

ezingamaxhoba ezizimela ngayo ukuzisindisa kumarhamncwa: ngokufihla imbonakalo ukuze ingaqondakali (ezo zizilwanyana ezinemibala emizimbeni / okanye iimpawu zomzimba ezihambelana nendawo ezihlala kuyo ukuze amarhamncwa angaziboni lula).

Nika abafundi imifanekiso yezilwanyana ezingamaxhoba, umzekelo: inyamakazi, ibhabhathane, njalo-njalo. Abafundi mabazobe umfanekiso wendalo bafake nemibala kwindawo apho kungazi kuba lula ukubona ixhoba . Beka isilwanyana esilixhoba kwindawo yaso emfanekisweni uze ucele abafundi ukuba bazame ukufuna isilwanyana eso kuloo ndawo yaso.

Inyathelo 5 Indalo egcinwe kakuhle Utitshala uyacacisa ukuba injani indalo xa igcinwe kakuhle, umzekelo: kulapho izityalo nezilwanyana zaloo ndawo zikwazi ukuphila ixesha elide kuba indawo leyo inento yonke eziyifunayo (umzekelo: ukutya, iindawo zokuhlala, iindawo zokuzala zande, njalo-njalo). Utitshala ucacisela abafundi ukuba ubukho babantu nokwanda kwempuncuko ebantwini kiwndawo ethile kungawanciphisa amathuba okuphila ixesha elide kwizilwanyana ezithile. Umzekelo: indawo yehlosi iyancipha ibencinane kakhulu xa kusakhiwa iifama ezikufutshane kuze kubiywe ngocingo. Ihlosi alinakufumana zilwanyana zaneleyo ezinokuzizingela xa incinci indawo yazo eshiyekileyo. Inyathelo 6 Umsebenzi wophando: Abafundi babukela iDVD okanye inkqubo yeTV emalunga nesilwanyana esisengozini yokutshabalala ngenxa yendawo engasenazo iimfuno zaso. (iintaka ezimhlophe zaselwandle ezinkulu / amangaba-ngaba, amabhere amhlophe, amahlosi, njalo-njalo). Besebenza ngokwamaqela, babhala ngoko bakubukeleyo. Inyathelo 7 Vavanya ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza ukuba yintoni uburhamncwa, amarhamncwa namaxhoba? Ukuchaza indlela irhamncwa eliziqhelisa ngayo ukuzingela? Ukuchaza ukuba ‘indlela yokuzifihla ngokusebenzisa inkangeleko’

kusisindisa njani isilwanyana esilixhoba? Ukuchaza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwisilwanyana xa indalo ingasenako

ukusinika iimfuno zaso zokuphila?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Iingxoxo zabafundi, uphando

IZIXHOBO Imifanekiso, izinto ekufumaneka kuzo ulwazi ezinjengee-encyclopaedia, iitheyibhile ezithile, njalo-njalo. Imixholo ye-NS

Iplanethi engumhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – Ubushushu bomhlaba nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukutshintsha kwendalo nokuchaphazeleka kwezityalo UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo EzeNtlalo – abantu, iimfuno zokuphila nendalo, izityalo nokutshabalala kwezilwanyana, ukwehla komgangatho wendalo

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Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela

ayahlolana □ Uhlolo lukatitshala / olwenziwa ngutitshala □




Iiprojekthi □












oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 27 IINDAWO ZOKUHLALA (IIHABITAT – IIPATHENI / IINDLELA ZOKUHLALA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: IHabitat: yindawo ethile, efumaneka kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem), apho

izityalo nezilwanyana zihlala zande khona Iindlela zokuhlala: ukuzihlalela wedwa, ukuhlala ngezibini, ngogxudululu

(ngokupakisheneyo), ngokwamaqela, ngokwemihlambi, ngokwemigqeku, ngokwamabutho, njalo-njalo

ISpecies (Uhlobo lwesilwanyana): izinto eziphilayo ezinembonakalo nezimbo ezifanayo ezizala kuphela uhlobo lwazo.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.2

Inyathelo 1 Utitshala uchazela abafundi ngeepatheni zokuhlala ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo: ukuzihlalela wedwa, ukuhlala ngezibini, ngogxudululu (ngokupakisheneyo), ngokwamaqela, ngokwemihlambi, ngokwemigqeku, ngokwamabutho, njalo-njalo). Ukhetha indlela enye (okanye nangaphezulu) kunye nomzekelo wesilwanyana (okanye izilwanyana) aze achaze lonke ulwazi olufunekayo ngeso silwanyana ukuze kufundwe ngalo apha eklasini. (OKANYE, ukuba kungenzeka, abafundi mabazenzele ngokwabo uphando). Makanike iqela ngalinye ulwazi olumalunga nesilwanyana azekelisa ngaso ukuze ilelo iqela likwazi ukwenza elalo igalelo xa kusenziwa iposta yeklasi. Abafundi bona mabafunde, bashwankathele, bazobe bandule babhale nezihloko zale mizobo, njalo-njalo). Ezi zihloko zilandelayo zingakunceda xa uhlela ulwazi ngezilwanyana: (1) Chaza iindlela zokuhlala (umzekelo; ukuhlala nilugxudululu / ngokupakisheneyo) (2) Imifanekiso yezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ezihlala ngendlela efanayo (iingcuka, inja yasehlathini, njalo-njalo). (3) Phawula kwimephi yehlabathi ukuba ezi zilwanyana zisuka kweyiphi indawo ehlabathini.

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(4) Uhlobo lwendawo yokuhlala (i-ikhosistim (ecosystem)) esifumaneka kuyo isilwanyana esikhethiweyo . (5) Indawo esihlala kuyo kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem). (6) Chaza indlela ezihlala ngayo (umzekelo; sesiphi isilwanyaa esiyinkokheli yomhlambi, indima endlalwa ziinkunzi neemazi, njalo-njalo.) nokuba zihlala zingaphi kuloo ndawo (umzekelo: inani leenkunzi neemazi, ubungakanani bomhlambi xa uwonke, njalo-njalo). (7) Ukuzingela / indlela okufumana ngayo ukutya loo mhlambi uthile (umzekelo; ingaba izilwanyana zizingela cíngulo mhlambi na, ixhona libulawa kanjani, njalo-njalo). (8) Indlela ezizala ngayo ezi zilwanyan (umzekelo. ngubani ogcina izilwanyana ezincinane, zeziphi iinkunzi nemazi ezivumelekileyo ukuba zidibane, njalo-njalo). (8) Utitshala angadlala ividiyo ebonisa iindlela ezihlala ngazo izilwanyana zizonke, okanye ezo bezikhethiwe, umzekelo: izinja zehlathi. (olu lwazi luyafumaneka kwithala leencwadi okanye e-EDULIS Media Centre) Inyathelo 2 Utitshala usebenzisa ulwazi olufunyenwe kuphando olwenziwe ngabafundi ukubafundisa indlela esibhalwa ngayo isiNcoko seNzululwazi: (1) ngokubabonisa indlela esibhalwa ngayo kunye (2) nokubafundisa ulwimi olusetyenziswa kwisiNcoko seNzululwazi. Abafundi babhala isincoko bencediswa ngutitshala (la ngamalungiselelo abalulekileyo omSebenzi 4 woVavanyo oluseSikweni oluya kuba kuVeki 30) Imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo: Abafundi mabanikwe iprojekthi abayenza besebenza ngokwamaqela. Le porjekthi mayibe malunga nezinye iipatheni / iindlela zokuhlala, kwaye ezi ndlela mazibe zezingakhange zisetyenziswe kumsebenzi wangaphambili. Mayifane neprojekthi efanayo ebiyenziwe eklasini. (Le projekthi ingasetyenziswa njengenye yemisebenzi yoVavanyo lwekota yonyaka). Vavanya ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukunika amagama eendlela zokuhlala kwezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo? Ukuzichaza iimeko zentlalo yesilwanyana abasikhethileyo? Ukubhala isincoko senzululwazi xa benikwe isihloko?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Uphando, ingxoxo, intsebenziswano.

IZIXHOBO Imifanekiso, ii-encyclopaedia, iiposta, izixhobo zokuphanda ulwazi njengeevidiyo, iimephu zehlabathi, njalo-njalo. Imixholo ye-NS

Iplanethi engumhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – ukuguqu-guquka kwezilwanyana

UTHUNGELWANO Izifundo

IziFundo ngezobomi– Uphuculo lwentlalo, Ulwimi – ubhalo lwezincoko (izincoko zenzululwazi)







iziphumo zemiSebenzi yoHlolo oluseSikweni

Iiprojekthi □



- 52 -

UPhando √


I-asayimenti □

Umsebenzi woguqulo □ Ukubhala cacileyo √






Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 28 ITSHEYINI LOKUTYA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Itsheyini lokutya: Ubucukubhede obubonisa ukuba ‘ngubani otya bani’

kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) Indibano / ulwalamano: izinto eziphilayo ziyalamana / ziyaphazelana

(indalo ephilayo), futhi zichatshazelwa nayindalo engaphiliyo Umvelisi (umzekelo; izityalo.): into ephilayo, esekuqaleni kwetsheyina

lokutya, engafuni kutya, kodwa ezivelisela ngokwayo ukutya Iiprimary consumers (iihebhivo ): izilwanyana ezitya izityalo kuphela Iisecondary consumers (ii-omnivo okanye iikhanivo): izilwanyana

ezikudidi lwesibini ezitya izityalo kunye nezinye izilwanyana, nezo zitya ezinye izilwanyana kuphela

Iikhanivo: izilwanyana ezitya ezinye izilwanyana Iitertiary consumers (umzekelo; abantu, ookrebe, njalo-njalo):

Izilwanyana zodidi lwesithathu – zona zitya izilwanyana ezitya ezinye. Izibolisi: izinto eziphilayo ezitya imizimba efileyo yezityalo

neyezilwanyana

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.2

Inyathelo 1 Abafundi bazoba okanye basebenzisa umzobo obusele ukhona we-ikhosistim (ecosystem) obonisa ilanga, izityalo nezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Babonisa indlela yamandla kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) ngokuzoba amatolo asuka elangeni esiya kwizityalo, ade aye kufika kwizilwanyana. Abafundi mabazivelele zonke iinkalo (umzekelo: isilwanyana singatya iindidi ezininzi zezityalo, okanye isilwanyana singatya izityalo nezilwanyana, njalo-njalo). QAPHELA: Ukuba ilanga liyasuswa kuloo mfanekiso siya kuwubiza ngokuba yifood web (umnathana wokutya). Inyathelo 2 Utitshala makachaze ezi zinto zilandelayintsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana alandelayo, anike abafundi ulwazi amabalubhale phantsi: umvelisi (umzekelo, izityalo), iprimary consumer (ihebhivo), isecondary consumer (ikhanivo) netertiary consumer (i-omnivo nekhanivo). QAPHELA: Itertiary consumer yinto ephilayo (umzekelo; ukrebe okanye umntu) etya izilwanyana ezitya ezinye izilwanyana. Umzekelo: Abantu batya iintaka ezitya izinambuzane; neengwenya zitya iintlanzi ezitya ezinye izilwanyana nazo.

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Inyathelo 3 Usebenzisa i-ikhosistim (ecosystem) yakho: Nika izityalo ezintathu nezilwanyana ezine (usebenzisa itafile oyinikiweyo) uze ubhale ukuba zibizwa ngantoni na kwitsheyina lokutya. Bhala namagama / iinkcazelo zobugcisa zezi zinto kwitsheyini lokutya (umzekelo. Umthi onameva – sisityalo – siyavelisa; inyamakazi – yihebhivo – yiprimary consumer).

Inyathelo 4 Utitshala ubonisa indlela ezenzeka ngayo iifood web (iminathana yokutya) ngokubhala amatsheyina okutya amabini ahambisanayo aze awadibanise ukuze kwenzeke ifood web. Abafundi basebenzisa i-ikhosistim (ecosystem) : (1) bhala amatsheyini amane, (2) dibanisa la matsheyina okutya ukuze kuphume ifood web, (3) zoba i-ecological pyramid (iphiramidi ebonisa izinto eziphilileyo malunga nendlela eziphila ngayo nendawo eziphila kuyo) ngokubhala amagama ezinto ezivelisayo, iprimary consumers, isecondary consumers, njalo-njalo, wandule ubeke ezi zinto kwindawo efanelekileyo kumzobo we-ecological pyramid.

Inyathelo 5 Utitshala uchaza indima edlalwa zizibolisi kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) kwaye unika abafundi ulwazi amabalubhale phantsi. Inyathelo 6 Vavanya ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi : Ukuzoba itsheyini lokutya nefood web? Ukuhlela kakuhle izinto eziphilayo zihlale ngokwendawo zazo

kwitsheyina lokutya umzekelo: ihebhivo – yiprimary consumer? Ukuzoba i-ecological pyramid baze banike amagama emigagatho

yayo? Ukuchaza umsebenzi wezibolisi kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem)?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Iingxoxo, uphando

IZIXHOBO Izinto ezifumaneke kuphando ezifana nemifanekiso yephiramidi yokutya, i-ikhosistim (ecosystem), itshayini lokutya, neetheyibhile nee-encyclopaedia. Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla nokuguqu-guquka – ukunikezelwa / indlela yokuhanjiswa kwamandla kwinkqubo ethile UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo ITeknoloji – iindlela / iinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kwamandla Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




oluseSikweni


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Udliwano-ndlebe □




Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 29 AMATSHEYINI OKUTYA KUMABALA ESIKOLO

UKUFUNDA

NGENZULULWAZI

Zikhumbuze ngeentsingiselo zawo onke amagama / mabinzana achaziweyo kwiveki 28.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.1.1 – 6.1.3

Uphando: Amatsheyina okutya kumabala esikolo sethu. Umbuzo osisikhokelo: Ngawaphi amatsheyina okutya afumaneka kumabala esikolo sethu? Inyathelo1 UKULUNGISELELA Cacisa umbuzo okhokelayo ukuze uqale uphando. Chaza ulwazi olufunekayo oluza kuphendula umbuzo obekiweyo.

Inyathelo 2 UKWENZA Qokelela zonke izixhobo zokenza uphando. Yenza uphando kumabala esikoko: egadini, emithini, phantsi kwamatye, emhlabeni, njalo-njalo.. Bhala phantsi okubonayo. Bhala phantsi amagama ezityalo, nawezilwanyana ozifumana ezityalweni Zibhale phantsi zonke izilwanyana ozifumana emabaleni esikolo nokuba ubone nje iimpawu zazo umzekelo . ilindle, iinyawo, iintsiba.

Inyathelo 3 UKUHLOLA Hlolisisa ulwazi (sebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo umzekelo; iincwadi, i-Intanethi ukhangele ukuba ‘ngubani otya bani’). Thatha okubonileyo uphendule umbuzo osisikhokelo. Yenza amatsheyini okutya ngolwazi olufumeneyo, neefood webs; yenza iindlela zale minathana yokutya. Inyathelo 4 Vavanya ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza, banike ulwazi olufunekayo ukuze bakwazi ukwenza

uphando kwizityalo nezilwanyana esikolweni? Ukwenza nokuchaza amatsheyina okutya kakuhle? Ukubhala amatsheyina okutya ngendlela ekhethwe ngabo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Uphando nophicotho IZIXHOBO Izixhobo zokuqhuba uphando / uphicotho, izinto ekufumaneka kuzo ulwazi

Imixholo ye-NS

Iplanethi engumhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo – iindidi zemihlaba Amandla nokuguqu-guquka – ukunikezelwa / ukuhanjiswa kwamandla UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo IZakhono zoLwimi – ukushicilela, ukwenza ingxelo, nokunika ulwazi

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Ukuzihlola / umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



KWIVEKI 30 - 31 UBETHELELO LOLWAZI NOMSEBENZI 4 WOVAVANYO OLUSESIKWENI Ubethelelo lolwazi ‘Bonisa uze uchaze ngokutya okukwiresiphi uchaze neentlobo zokutya ezisetyenzisiweyo

kwiresiphi leyo. Cengceleza iculo lerap elithetha ngamathambo omntu (biza amalungu awo ngamagama). Zoba umfanekiso ochaza ifotosinthesisi ubhale amagama achazayo. Chaza ukuba

ifotosinthesisi isinceda njani. Sebenzisa umfanekiso we-ikhosistim (ecosystem): bhala phantsi iindidi ezintathu zamatsheyini

okutya, iifood web, imizekelo emithathu yamarhamncwa namaxhoba awo, kunye neendlela / iipatheni ezihlala ngazo izilwanyana.

ICandelo A LO2 AS 1,2,3 Abafundi babhala isincoko senzululwazi esingangemigca engama-20 nangaphezulu phantsi

kwezi zihloko zilandelayo. Qaphela: abafundi bamele kubhala babonise utitshala kuqala phambi kokuba babhale into

epheleleyo. Mabasebenzise ulwazi lweencwadi zabo ebebebhala kuzo ulwazi lwenzululwazi nezinye

indawo apho ulwazi lufumaneka khona. Bonke abafundi bangakhetha isihloko esinye okanye bakhethe kolu luhlu lulandelayo. Abafundi mabafake imifanekiso, iigrafu noluhlu lweencwadi abazisebenzisileyo ukuze baxhase

ulwazi abaze nalo. Isincoko somfundi masibe nezinto ezibambekayo kwaye ziyinyani, singabi namaginxiginxi.

Iimeko ezingumzekelo ezine onokuphanda ngazo:

1. Ukutya okukhuthaza impilo entle. Chaza umahluko phakathi kwendlela yokutya engenasondlo sipheleleyo nokutya okunesondlo

esingapheleleyo. Bhala umzekelo wendlela yokutya okunesondlo ngokupheleleyo, oko ibe kukutya okuza

kugqiba iveki. Chaza izifo ezimbini ezinokuhlasela abantu xa bengatyi ukutya okunesondlo ngokupheleleyo.

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2. Ngaphandle kwefotosinthesisi ubomi bomntu bungafikelela esiphelweni eMhlabeni. Chaza ukuba ifotosinthesisi yenzeka njani Chaza ukubaluleka kwayo ebomini bomntu Chaza ulandelelanisa okunokwenzeka ukuba zonke izityalo zingayiyeka ifotosinthesisi, de

kutshabalale bonke abantu. 3. Sonke siyazi ngamarhamncwa, kodwa yona ingcamango yokuba izityalo nazo zingayidlala indima yoburhamncwa ingumnqa Chaza ukuba lithetha ukuthini igama elithi ‘irhamncwa’. Nika imizekelo yeezilwanyana ezidla ezinye namaqhinga eziwasebenzisayo ukubamba

izilwanyana ezizityayo (ezo zilwanyana maziquke iivethebreyithi nee-invethebreyithi) . Chaza izityalo ezitya izinambuzane. Chaza amaqhinga eziwasebenzisayo izityalo xa zifuna ukubamba ezo zinambuzane. 4. Yintoni etya ntoni kwizinto eziphilayo? Chaza amatsheyini okutya abe mabini nangaphezulu, uchaze iifood web (uthungelwano

lokutya) kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem) oyikhethileyo. Chaza indima yezi zinto zilandelayo kuthungelwano lokutya: abavelisi, iiprimary consumers,

iisecondary consumers, iitertiary consumers, njalo-njalo. Chaza indima yezibolisi kwi-ikhosistim (ecosystem). Qaphela: inqaku ngalinye eliza kuchazwa apha ngasentla lingenza umhlathana wesincoko. UKUFUMANA UBUNGQINA BOKO SIKUBHALAYO: 1. Kutheni kufanele sifumane ubungqina boko sikubhalayo nje? Ukuze siqinisekise ukuba oko sikubhalayo kuyinyaniso Ukubonisa ukuba ulwenzile uphando ngoko ubhala ngako Ukuvuma umsebenzi onzima wabany’ ababhali.

2. Lubhalwa njani uluhlu lweencwadi ezisetyenzisiweyo xa bekuphandwa ngomcimbi othile?

olu luhlu luquka ezi nkcukhaca zilandelayo, ngokulandelana kwazo: Ifani noonobumba bokuqala bamagama ombhali Unyaka epapashwe ngawo incwadi esetyenzisiweyo Igama lencwadi Indawo eshicilelwe kuyo (ilizwe,isixeko okanye iziko) Igama lompapashi Iinombolo zamakhasi okanye zemihlathi (xa inazo) Nanku umzekelo : Qaphela iindawo ezichanekileyo ezibhalwa kuzo iziphumlisi nezingxi: Joseph, G.J. 2008. Teaching Science, Intermediate Phase. Saldanha: Distrik Uitgewers 3. Ubukhangela njani ubungqina kwi-intanethi? Ifani noonobumba bokuqala bamagama ombhali Isihloko selo khasi okanye inxalenye yekhasi elikhulu (uyijonge ngasentla “browser”) Isihloko sewebsite.

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Isikhokelo solwabiwo-manqaku xa kuvavanywa isincoko somfundi

Umfundi ubhale isincoko esicacileyo esineenkcukacha ezoneleyo nezichanekileyo 6 – 8 amanqaku

Umfundi ubhale isincoko esicacileyo esineenkcukacha ezoneleyo nezichanekileyo. Kodwa akachazisisanga 4 - 5 amanqaku

Umfundi ubhale isincoko, kodwa esinezinto ezingachanekanga okanye iinkcukacha ezingonelanga, (iinyaniso ezimbalwa azichaze kancinane) 2 – 3 amanqaku

Umfundi utsale nzima / akasibhalanga isincoko kodwa ubenako ukubhala iinyaniso ezimbalwa 0 – 1 inqaku

Umfundi usebenzise amagama esayensi achanileyo 5 amanqaku

Umfundi usebenzise ulwimi lwesayensi nolwimi oluthethwa yonk’ imihla 4 amanqaku

Umfundi usebenzise ulwimi aluthetha yonk’ imihla 3 amanqaku

Umfundi woyisiwe kukusebenzisa ulwimi aluthetha yonk’ imihla 0 – 1 inqaku

Iifoto bezihambisana nezihloko. Inazo zonke iinkcukacha kwaye inobhalo-manqaku. Icocekilw 5 amanqaku

Iifoto ziyahambisana nesincoko. Akanikanga iinkcukacha ezininzi/ wwenze nobhalo-manqaku 4 amanqaku

Iifoto bezingahambisani nesincoko. Akanikanga zinkcukacha/ akalwwenzanga nobhalo-manqaku 3 amanqaku

Iifoto bezingahambisani nesincoko/ bezingekho iifoto 0 – 1 inqaku

Umfundi akanikanga uluhlu lweencwadi zomxholo othile esebenzisa iimvume ezizizo 2 amanqaku

Umfundi ulunikile uluhlu lweencwadi zomxholo. Akayifumananga imvume 1 inqaku

Akanikanga uluhlu lweencwdi zomxholo 0 amanqaku

Umsebenzi ungeniswe ngexesha 1 inqaku Igama likatitshala: Umhla

Total 20 amanqaku:

ICandelo B Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana : IFotosinthesisi yenzeka kumagqabi aluhlaza Amany’ amagqabi aneendawo eziluhlaza nezimhlophe. Lawo ke siwabiza ngokuba

ngamagqabi amibalabala

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Uphando Umbuzo ekugxininiswa kuwo: Ingaba iindawo ezimhlophe emagqabini zinaso istatshi? Inyathelo 1 CEBA / CWANGCISA Hlalutya umbuzo oza kugxininisa kuwo kuphando lwakho. Chaza iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ukuze ube nako ukuphendula umbuzo oza kugxininisa kuwo.

Inyathelo 2 INDLELA YOKWENZA UPHANDO Qokelela zonke izinto oza kuphanda ngazo. Yenza uvavanyo lwestatshi kumagqabi amibalabala. Bhala phantsi okufumeneyo Inyathelo 3 NIKA INGXELO NEXABISO Bhala ingxelo enezi zihloko: Umbuzo ogxininise kuwo Indlela yokwenza uvavanyo (zoba ubhale) Iziphumo (zoba uhlalutye) Endikufundileyo ngestatshi nangamagqabi amibalabala Imibuzo endisenayo ngamagqabi nangefotosinthesisi (bhala imibuzo yakho). Inyathelo 4 Vavanya / hlola abafundi. Ingaba abafundi banako: Ukubhala uluhlu lwezinto abazifunayo xa besenza uphando? Bayakwazi ukukhetha izinto abaza kuzisebenzisa xa besenza uphando? Bayakwazi ukwenza uphando, ukusebenzisa izixhobo ngendlela ecocekileyo nekhuselekileyo? Ukubhala iziphumo zophando ngokuchanekileyo? Ukubhala ingxelo echaza yonk’ into? Jonga Indlela yokwenza uphando noVavanyo lweBakala 6 kwiSihlomelelo C

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IKOTA 4: IPLANETHI UMHLABA NOKUNGAPHAYA KWAYO IVEKI 31 UKUYA +

32 UVAVANYO LOLWAZI ABAFUNDI ABASELE BENALO -

UMSEBENZI 5 WOVAVANYO OLUSESIKWENI


Uvavanyo lolwazi abafundi abasele benalo - Iplanethi engumhlaba nokungaphaya kwayo (oku kusekelwe kumsebenzi weBakala 5 ) UMSEBENZI 5 WOVAVANYO OLUSESIKWENI Utitshala angasebenzisa imibuzo njengenxalenye yovavanyo. LO 2 AS 1 Nika amagama uze uzichaze (uzibhale uzizobe nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibonakalayo emajukujukwini. LO 2 AS 1 Chaza umahluko phakathi:

Ibhanti dijikeleza ilanga nonomgca inkwenkwezi neplanethi iplanethi nenyanga

LO 2 AS 1 Chaza(ubhale uzobe) amanqanaba ohlukeneyo eNyanga. LO 2 AS 1 Chaza (ubhale uzobe) ukuba yenzeka njani imini nobusuku usebenzisa ukuhamba koMhlaba kunye nokuma kweLanga LO 2 AS 1 Zoba uze uchaze umjikelezo owenziwa ngamanzi. LO 2 AS 1 Chaza: imozulu, ukhukuliseko nokubola. LO 1 AS 1 Chaza ukuba ungalwenza njani uphando ngokhukuliseko. LO 2 AS 1 Xela uze uchaze (ubhale uzobe) oonobangela bongcoliseko. LO 2 AS 1 Xela uze uchaze ukhukuliseko lomhlaba. LO 2 AS 2 Yahlula kubini oonobangela bokhukuliseko lomhlaba, kube ngabendalo nabenziwa ngabantu.

Abafundi mabathethe ngezi zihloko zilandelayo ukuze babonise ukuba bayazazi:

Inyanga: oyena mmelwane wethu ukufutshane nojikeleza umhlaba Amaxesha onyaka: ukwahlulwa kwamaxesha onyaka ngokweemeko

ezithile zezulu Igesi / irhasi: inqanaba lento ethile Ukusuka komhlaba: xa umhlaba ukhukuliswa ngamanzi okanye

uphephethwa ngumoya uya kuwa kwenze indawo Ukujikeleza kwamanzi: ukujikwa-jikwa kwamanzi ngumhlaba, umoya

nomhlaba Imimoya yeGreenhouse: imimoya elapha emoyeni ekhusela umhlaba,

umzekelo: icarbon dioxide Okwenziwa yiGreenhouse: imimoya yeGreenhouse ivalela amandla

angaphaya elanga emoyeni IGlobal warming: ukunyuka kobushushu ehlabathini okubangelwa

kukuvaleleka kwamandla elanga okubangelwa yimimoya yeGreenhouse. Ezinye zeziphumo zeglobal warming kukunyibilika komkhenkce kwiinkcopho yomhlaba, ukunyuka komgangatho wolwandle, njalo-njalo.

Ukugcineka: ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zendalo ngendlela efanelekileyo neya kuzenza zihlale ixesha elide, kujoliswe ekubeni zibe nako ukusetyenziswa nazizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.

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ULWAZI-NKQUBO Umsebenzi onokwenziwa ngenkxaso. IZIXHOBO Izixhobo zokwenza uphando

Imixholo ye-NS

Izinto ezikhoyo nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile – iimpawu zezinto ezikhoyo nezezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile Ubomi nokuphila – indalo eguqu-guqukayo, ulungelelwaniso lwezityalo nezilwanyana UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo INzululwazi yoQoqosho noLawulo (i-EMS) – uhlumo oluzinzileyo nenkqubela EzeNtlalo – abantu, izinto eziluncedo nokusingqongileyo






Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √

Ukudlala indima □




Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 33 IINKWENKWEZI


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana : Izinto ezisemajuku-jukwini Inqumba yeenkwenkwezi (igalakhsi): yingqokelela yeenkwenkwezi,

umoya kunye nothuli Iinkwenkwezi: izinto ezingumoya emajuku-jukwini ezenza amandla Isinkwenkwezi: indlela ezime ngayo iinkwenkwezi xa uzibona

usemhlabeni. Ukuma kwazo akuguquki kodwa zona zibonakala ngathi ziyatshintsha-tshintsha ngenxa yokuhamba komhlaba

ISolar System: Izinto ezijikeleze iLanga eziquka iiplanethi, iinyanga neeplanethi ezincinane

Ilanga: inkwenkwezi esembindini weSolar System Iiplanethi : izinto ezisemajuku-jukwini ezijikeleza inkwenkwezi Ukushukuma nokuma kwezinto ezisemajuku-jukwini IObhithi: indlela iplanethi elijikeleza ngayo iLanga Indawo yendalo: Ukuma kweLanga, iNyanga noMhlaba ngokwendalo

yazo. Umzekelo, iLanga lisembindini weSolar System ukanti ezinye iiplanethi ziyalijikeleza.

Intshukumo yendalo: ukuhamba koMhlaba nendawo elikuyo iLanga. Umzekelo uMhlaba ujikeleza iLanga, ukuhamba kweNyanga kunye noMhlaba, iNyanga ijikeleza uMhlaba.

Umjikelo (iRoteshini): ukujikeleza kweplanethi neenyanga kwiintsika zazo

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Umjikelezo (IRivolushini):. Ukujikeleza kweplanethi eliLanga.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 2

Inyathelo 1 Ilanga liyinkwenkwezi Abafundi bachaza inkwenkwezi esiyaziyo, umzekelo ilanga, belandela oku kulandelayo: Bachaze umsebenzi welanga (umzekelo. iLanga lisinika ukukhanya); ubukhulu balo; indawo yalo embindini weSolar system, inxalenye yeMilky Way galaxy); nento eliyenzayo kwezinye iiplanethi, njalo-njalo. Chaza ukuzalwa, ubomi nokufa kweenkwenkwezi. Inyathelo 2 ILanga, uMhlaba neNyanga Chaza indlela ohamba ngawo uMhlaba entsikeni yawo, nendlela

olijikeleza ngayo iLanga Abafundi mabenze izinto abaza kulinganisa ngazo ukuhamba koMhlaba

ujikeleza iLanga ukuze babonise ukuba yenzeka njani iroteshini nerivolushini.

Nika abafundi iinkcukhaca ukuze benze uluhlu lwendlela ezifana ngayo okanye ezahluka ngayo ezi planethi: iLanga, uMhlaba neNyanga. Xa uzithelekisa ezi planethi bhala Izihloko (ngokweekholamu) ngolu hlobo: iLanga, uMhlaba iNyanga. Le mibuzo ilandelayo mayibe secaleni kolu luhlu: Injani? Yenziwe ngantoni? Ikufumana njani ukukhanya? Ingakanani? Ihamba njani? Ziziphi ezinye izinto enika umdla ngazo?

Inyathelo 3 Amandla atsalwa elangeni (Solar System ) Nika iinkcukacha ngeSolar System. Abafundi mabenze imizekelo yeSolar System baze baxele amagama eeplanethi, bazichaze nokuzichaza. Abafundi mabaphande baze bachaze nezinto ezifunyaniswe kutshanje (umzekelo: iPluto ngoku kuthiwa yiplanethi encinane). Oko kubonisa ukuba ulwazi luyatshintsha ngokuya kuboniselwa izinto ezintle. Inyathelo 4 Isinkwenkwezi ezenza iphatheni Chaza ukuba indlela ethile yokuma kweenkwenkwezi ingabona ebusuku

kwaye ayiguquki. Indlela yokuma kwazo ibizwa ngokuba sisinkwenkwezi, okanye iiconstellations ngesilungu. Yithi abafundi bayijongisise ngeempela-veki le ndlela zima ngayo iinkwenkwezi.

Nabo mabazizobele eyabo indlela yokuma kweenkwenkwezi. Mabazenzele negama lendlela ezime ngayo ezabo iinkwenkwezi. Mabachaze izinto ezinazo (indlela ezime ngayo, indlela ezihamba ngayo

emajuku-jukwini (umzekelo: iinkwenkwezi zime ngendlela enye, uze uMhlaba uzijikeleze ukuze sikwazi ukuzibona iinkwenkwezi ezime ngendlela eyahluklleyo.

Inyathelo 5 Bonisa abafundi umfanekiso wokuma ngokwahlukileyo kweenkwenkwezi ngokwahlukileyo (umzekelo: iSouthern Cross, iScorpio, njalo-njalo). Chaza ukuba zima ngokwahlukileyo esibhakabhakeni, xesha ngalinye lonyaka. Yithi abafundi bayijongisise le nto esibhakabhakeni xa kusebusuku. (Tyelelani naphi na apho ninako ukubona okwenzeka esibhakabhakeni).

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Inyathelo 6 Abafundi mabazobe, bandule babhale ngendlela ezima ngayo iinkwenkwezi. Mababonise nokuba kutshintsha kanjani ukuma kwazo ebusuku, baxele ukuba iindlela ezima ngazo iinkwenkwezi zikhangeleka zisahluka ngokwamaxesha onyaka. Khumbule ukuba asikuba iyatshintsha yona indlela ezima ngayo iinkwenkwezi. Inyathelo 7 Umsebenzi owongezelelweyo: Abafundi mabenze uphando ngobomi benkwenkwezi. Abafundi bayaphanda baze banike ingxelo ngokuma kweenkwenkwezi, okanye babalise iintsomi ngokwenzeka kweenkwenkwezi nokuma kwazo.

Inyathelo 8 Jonga ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba abafundi bayakwazi: Ukuchaza iLanga, iiPlanethi, iNyanga neeNkwenkwezi besebenzisa

amagama afanelekileyo (bechaza ukuma kwazo nezinto ezinazo)?

Bayawazi umahluko / iindlela ezifana ngazo iLanga, iNyanga noMhlaba? Bayayazi indlela ezime ngayo izinto ezisemajuku-jukwini

njengeeNkwenkwezi, iLanga, uMhlaba neeplanethi? Zoba indlela ezime ngayo iinkwenkwezi, unike nenkcazelo ngoko

kwenzekayo.

ULWAZI-NKQUBO

Umsebenzi omawenziwe ngenkxaso kuphando

IZIXHOBO Ubungqina boko kubhaliweyo. Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla noguquguquko – isolar energy Izinto ezikhoyo nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile – ukwakheka kwelanga, inyanga, nomhlaba

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo EzeNtlalo – abantu, ubutyebi bendalo nokusingqongileyo, indima yofundo-nzulu ngeenkwenkwezi ekuphononongeni ubutyebi bendalo

Ukuzihlola/umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana □





Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √




Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni



- 63 -

IVEKI 34 AMATYE


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Ilitye lentaba-mlilo (i-Igneous rock): ilitye elenziwa bubushushu obukhulu

nokudibana kodaka lwentaba-mlilo Ilitye lentlenga (I-Sedimentary rock): ilitye elenziwa ngomaleko wezinto

ezilahlwe emanzini Ilitye elizijika-jikayo (i-Metamorphic rock): ilitye eliyitshintshayo indlela

elime ngayo, imbonakalo yalo okanye indlela elimile ngayo.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 2

Inyathelo 1 Chazela abafundi amanqanaba abekeleleneyo oMhlaba (awenze umaleko othile), umzekelo: isikhoko somhlaba, imentile, umphandle wekhoko lomhlaba, umphakathi wekhoko lomhlaba, njalo-njalo). Abafundi mabenze intlama yokudlala engathi inoomaleko boMhlaba. Mabazi ukuba ngaphantsi kwesikhoko somhlaba ngumaleko obumanzirha oshushu ekuthiwa yimentile. Isikhoko somhlaba siicinezele imentile, loo nto isenze ukuba sishukume. Ilitye elenziwe ngesinyithi esinyityilikisiweyo (i-Molten rock) liigqabhuka kwiindawo ezithile zesikhoko somhlaba. Udaka lwentaba-mlilo lwenza i-igneous rock xa lomile. Inyathelo 2 Chaza ubomi belitye; chaza ukuba ezi ndidi zamatye zixelwe ngentla zenzeka njani kwisikhoko soMhlaba. Nika abafundi iinkcukacha ukuze benze imibhalo engumfanekiso wobomi bamatye. Abafundi mababhale bachaze ubomi belitye besebenzisa awabo amazwi / amagama.

Inyathelo 3 Abafundi mabaqokelele amatye baze bawachaze (umzekelo bachaze umahluko phakathi kwamatye endalo nalawo enziwa ngesimenti). Mabatsho ukuba bacinga ukuba amatye la bawaqkeleleyo avela njani, bandule bawahlele ngokwahluka kwawo, banike izizathu ezisekelwe kwiimpawu ezifana nebala, uburhabaxa, njalo-njalo.

Inyathelo 4 Nika abafundi amatye ohlukeneyo: Ilitye lentaba-mlilo (i-Igneous: ipumisi negranada, njalo-njalo); Ilitye lentlenga (Sedimentary: isandstone, ishale, ilimestone, amalahle njalo-njalo). Ilitye elizitshintsha-tshintshayo (i-Metamorphic: isileyiti, imabhuli, njalo-njalo.) Abafundi mabahlele amatye ngokweendidi zawo. Mabachaze ilitye ngalinye, bachaze nokuba kutheni besithi likudidi oluthile nje.

Umsebenzi owongezelelweyo: Abafundi mabaphande ngee gemstones (olu didi lwamatye lona alufani nezi ndidi zamatye: i- igneous, i-sedimentary ne-metamorphic.) Abafundi mabaphande baze banike ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kwamatye awohlukeneyo (igranite nemarble kwenziwa ngawo amatye amangcwaba njalo-njalo)

Inyathelo 5 Vavanya / hlola ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba bayakwazi: Ukuchaza amatye ohlukeneyo besebenzisa ulwazi lwabo (bezichaza

izinto awenziwe ngazo)?

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Ukuchaza inkqubo yokwenzeka kwelitye? Ukubeka amatye ohlukeneyo ngokweempawu anazo? Ukuchaza nokuhlela amatye ngokweendidi zawo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo nokuzikhumbuza ngokufundileyo.

IZIXHOBO Intlama yokudlala (4 imibala eyohlukeneyo), umfanekiso odiza ubomi belitye. Iqhekeza legranada, ipumisi, ishale, isandstone, ilimestone, amalahle, isileyiti, imabhuli. Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla nokuguqu-guquka – ubucukubhede bokwenzeka kwamatye: i- igneous nemetamorphic UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo EzeNtlalo – abantu, izinto zokusebenza nokusingqongileyo Ukuzihlola/umfundi uyazihlola □ Abafundi bayahlolana □ Amaqela ayahlolana





Iiprojekthi □






Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 35 UMHLABA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana : Amatye aqhekekileyo: amatye awonzakaliswe yimo yezulu Inqanaba lokubola: ukubola ngokupheleleyo kwesilwanyana okanye

kwesityalo Imathiriyeli yezinto eziphilayo: yenziwa zizinto eziphilayo Iibhakthiriya: izinto ezincinane eziphilayo Uburhabaxa okanye ukuguda kwento: imbonakalo nendlela evakala

ngayo into ngaphandle, ingakumbi uburhabaxa nobumpuluswa bayo Umthamo: umlinganiselo wento equlathiweyo Ugcino-manzi: ukugcinwa kwamanzi Inkxaso yokhulo: ukuncedisa ngezinto ezifunekayo kuphuhliso oluthile

olwenziwayo Ukubonelela ngokutya: ukwenza ukutya kufumaneke Gobekayo: into enokusongwa okanye igotywe lula ibeyisoseji okanye

into eyiringi.

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INDLELA

YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.2

Inyathelo 1 Chaza ukuba umhlaba ngumxube wentlabathi, intlenga yomhlaba nodongwe. Iinkozo zentlabathi zinkulu, ezentlenga yomhlaba zincinane, zize ezodongwe zibe ncinane kakhulu. Ubungakanani bezi zinto emhlabeni kuko okubonisa uhlobo lomhlaba. Umhlaba oludongwe uneenkonzo ezininzi zodongwe. Umhlaba oyintlabathi unentlabathi eninzi. Ukanti oyintlenga uneentlenga yomhlaba eninzi . Umhlaba omnyama unazo zonke ezi zinto, unawo umgquba wezityalo, kanti netsalela yezilwanyana ezibolileyo. Inyathelo 2 Yikha iisampulu zomhlaba kwiindawo ezahlukneyo. Abafundi mabajonge ukwahlukana kwemihlala. Mabajonge imbonakalo yawo, ukuvakala kwawo, ivumba lawo, nokuthamba kwawo bakuwugalela intwana yamanzi kwisampulu nganye Inyathelo 3 Abafundi mabazobe indlela umhlaba owenzeka ngayo ngokwendalo. Mabajonge imo yezulu (umoya, amanzi, ubushushu nokubanda); ukuhamba kweenkozo zomhlaba nomoya namanzi); ukhukuliseko lwawo; ukuxubeka kweenkozo zomhlaba ezahlukeneyo (ngenxa yemisundulu egrumba-grumba emhlabeni, njalo-njalo). Inyathelo 4 Abafundi benza i-asayimenti yophando ngezi zinto: indlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo umhlaba; izinto ezenza umhlaba ube mhle nezenza umhlaba ube mbi; iindlela ezisetyenziswayo zobugcisa esingaphucula ngazo ukuchuma komhlaba ukwenzela ukuba izityalo ezikhule kakuhle (njengonkcenkceshelo, ukumbiwa kwemisele, ukhukuliso ngumoya, izinto ezibolileyo, ukugcinwa kokufuma, njalo-njalo). Inyathelo 5 Vavanya / hlola ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba bayakwazi: Ukuchaza imihlaba eyahlukeneyo ngamagama afanelekileyo (nokuchaza

iimpawu zale mihlaba)? Ukuchaza ngokonakaliswa kwamatye ziimozulu, ukhukuliso lomhlaba

nokufumba kwentlenga yomhlaba? Ukuchza bachaze iindlela esingakuphucula ngazo ukuchuma komhlaba

sisebenzisa iinkcukacha ezichanekiileyo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo yeklasi, uphando IZIXHOBO Izinto ezisetyenziswayo

Imixholo ye-NS

Izinto ezikhoyo nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile – iimpawu zomhlaba Ubomi nokuphila – umhlaba, njengendawo ekuphila kuyo izityalo nezilwanyana Amandla nokuguqu-guquka – umoya namanzi

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo EzeNtlalo – abantu, ubutyebi bendalo nokusingqongileyo, nokuhlaliswa kwabemi








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Iiprojekthi □






Udliwano-ndlebe □




oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □








Iiprojekthi □



UPhando √

Ukudlala indima □




Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni



IVEKI 36 IIMPAWU ZOMHLABA / IZINTO ONAZO UMHLABA


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Umhlaba: umaleko oziinkozo ezincinane olapha kumphezulu womhlaba Imvakalo yomhlaba (itekstsha): imbonakalo nokuvakala komhlaba, oko

kukuthi urhabaxa okanye ugude kanganani na Umthamo: umlinganiselo oqulathwe yinto ethile Umhlaba ochumileyo: ngumhlaba onesondlo, nofunekayo ukuze kukhule

izityalo eziphilileyo Ukugcineka: ukusetyenziwa kwezinto zendalo ngendlela efanelekileyo

neya kuzenza zihlale ixesha elide, kujoliswe ekubeni zibe nako ukusetyenziswa nazizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. iimpawu zomhlaba / izinto onazo umhlaba: iinkozo ezenze umhlaba; amandla okubamba umhlaba; amandla okutsala nokukhupha imitha yobushushu .

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INDLELA

YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.3 6.3.3

Uphando ngomhlaba Inyathelo 1 CEBA / CWANGCISA Cacisa umbuzo oza kuqalisa ngawo uphando lwezinto onazo umhlaba. Umzekelo Wemibuzo: Ingakanani intlabathi, udongwe, intlenga yomhlaba nezichumisi

emihlabeni? Igcina amanzi angakanani imihlaba eyohlukeneyo? Itsala ubushushu yaye ikhuphe obungakanani imihlaba eyahlukeneyo? Ingaba imihlaba eyohlukeneyo inobunzima obulinganayo (xa

umlinganiselo wayo ulingana)? Ubunzima bawo buxhomekeka kwintoni? Nguwuphi umxube womhlaba olungileyo kwizityalo ezikhulayo? Inyathelo 2 Chaza iinkcukacha ezifunekayo ekuchazeni umbuzo ekugxininiswe kuwo Inyathelo 3 YENZA Yenza uphando ngokubeka izixhobo oza kuzisebenzisa nezinto oza kuzijonga emhlabeni. (Jonga izinto eziliqela okanye imilinganiselo ixesha elithile). Bhala okufumeneyo kwiphepha lokwenza oko. Inyathelo 4 JONGISISA OKWENZILEYO Bhala ingxelo enezi zinto zilandelayo: Umbuzo ogxininise kuwo Indlela oyisebenzisileyo Iziphumo (jonga izinto eziliqela okanye imilinganiselo ixesha elithile) Igrafu ; imizobo, iisampulu, imizekelo efanelekileyo. Ufunde ntoni ngezinto onazo umhlaba / ngeempawu zomhlaba? Ingaba uphando luyiphendule imibuzo yakho? (chaza) Vavanya / hlola ulwazi lomfundi. Ingaba uyakwazi: Ukwenza imibuzo yophando ngezinto onazo umhlaba? Ukuqweba imisetyenzana eza kunceda kuphando ngeendidi zomhlaba? Ukuxela izinto/ iziphumo ezichanekileyo azifumeneyo kuphando

alwenzileyo? Ukubhala phantsi iziphumo zophando ngokucacileyo nangendlela

efanelekileyo? Ukubhala ingxelo ecacileyo nepheleleyo? Ukuzoba igrafu (ayifakele izihloko, inyuke okanye ihle ngokufanelekileyo,

ukufakela amagama ezinto ngokuchanekileyo, ukunombola ngendlela eyiyo necacileyo, njalo-njalo?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Izinto ozenzayo xa usenza uphando

IZIXHOBO Iisampulu zomhlaba, iibhotile , amanzi, izinto zokukala neejagi, iikomityi zephepha, iithemometha, iimbewu, nezinto zokulinganisa xa ukala, njalo-njalo

Imixholo ye-NS

Ubomi nokuphila – ulwalamano phakathi komhlaba nokukhula kwesityalo Izinto ezikhoyo nezinto zokwenza umsebenzi othile – iimpawu zomhlaba

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo IziBalo – umlinganiselo, ukubhalwa kolwazi olufunyenweyo kusetyenziswa igrafu

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IVEKI 37 IINTSALELA ZEZILWANYANA NEZITYALO ZAKUDALA / iifosili


Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana: Iifosili: Izilwanyana ezazisa kuphila mandulo phaya / Iifosili. Iintsalela

zezilwanyana nezityalo ezashiywa ematyeni mandulo Amandla eefosili: izinto ezinika amandla ezenziwe ngeentsalela

zezilwanyana nezityalo zakudala Isifosili: indlela ekwenzeka ngayo iintsalela. Amachiza afumaneka

kwizilwanyana nezityalo esele zafayo ezenza umzimba uqine okwelitye Iintlekele zendalo: Iziganeko ezinjengenyikima, ugqabhuko-dubulo,

imbalela eqatseleyo, izikhukula, njalo-njalo Imizila yeefosili: Imizobo yeenyawo zezilwanyana neyamagqabi ezityalo

eyenzeka eludakeni olusele lwaqina lwalilitye. Amabutho eefosili: iikopi ezintathu zezityalo nezilwanyana Ilitye lentlenga / i-Sedimentary rock: ilitye elenziwe ngeentlenga /

ngoomaleko bodaka I-Sedimentary rock strata: oomaleko obabona kwilitye elenziwe ludaka.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 – 6.2.3

LO 6.3.1

Inyathelo 1 Chaza ukuba imozulu (nokusingqongileyo) itshintshe njani kunendlela eyasisakuba yiyo kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Ubungqina bokutshintsha kwezi zinto zikhankanyiweyo buyafumaneka kwiintsalela ezigciniweyo zezilwanyana nezityalo. Iintsalela zezi zinto zohlukeneyo ziyafumaneka ematyeni awenziwa ludaka lentlenga. Indlela elime ngayo ilitye lentlenga nemizila yalo iyaxela ukuba zindala kangakanani ezo ntsalela. Zikho nezinye iindlela ezisetyenziswayo ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba zindala kangakanani ezo ntsalela. Inyathelo 2 Abafundi mabachaze into eyenza ukuba iintsalela ezithile zahluke kwezinye (ezifotweni okanye kuqobo lweentsalela (umzekelo: izityalo, amaqokobhe, izilwanyana njalo-njalo, Iintsalela ezininzi zezilwanyana neentyatyambo ziyelelene kweziphilayo azifani ncam. Abafundi mabachaze umahluko phakathi kweentsalela nezinto eziphilayo. Inyathelo 3 Nika iinkcukacha zokuba iintsalela zezilwanya nezityalo zenzeka njani. Abafundi mabaphande ukuba iintsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo zenzeka njani kumatye awenziwa ludaka. Mababhale iingxelo zabo. Zoba umfanekiso obonisa indlela ezenzeka ngayo iintsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo. Kwalapha emfanekisweni, bhala neenkcazelo ezinika iinkcucukhaca ngeyona nto yenzekayo.

Inyathelo 4 Abafundi mabachaze iingxaki zokusingqongieyo zangaphambili, bachaze okunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo okanye okungenza ziphele izinto ezithile ngenxa yokutshintsha kokusingqongileyo. Inyathelo 5 Tyelela imuziyam okanye indawo elondoloza intsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo, apho uza kuya ngqo kummandla weentsalela ukuze ubone uqobo lweentsalela. Bonisa abafundi iiDVD ezimalunga neentsalela.

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Inyathelo 6 Vavanya / hlola ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba bayakwazi: Ukuchaza iintsalela ezahlukeneyo besebenzisa amagama

achanekileyoileyo (bechaza nendlela ezime ngayo)? Ukuthelekisa iintsalela zezinto ezahlukeneyo nezinto eziphilayo, bejonga

iindlela ezifana nazo ne / okanye ezahluka ngazo kwizinto eziphilayo? Ukuchaza ukwakheka kweentsalela ngokubhala nokuzoba? Ukuqonda ukuba iingxaki zokusingqongileyo zingabuchaphazela ubukho

bezinto eziphila eMhlabeni?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ingxoxo nokusetyenziswa kweenkcukacha, uphando IZIXHOBO Imifanekiso yeentsalela, iiDVD neencwadi ezingeentsalela

Imixholo ye-NS

Ubomi nokuphila – iindlela ezizilungilungisa ngazo izityalo nezilwanyana ukuze zilungele iimeko eziguqu-guqukayo zokusingqongileyo UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo EzeNtlalo – iifosili / iintsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo, nophando malunga nendlela ezazisakuba yiyo izinto mandulo phaya






Iiprojekthi □




I-asayimenti □ Umsebenzi woguqulo □ ukubhala √


Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni

Uvavanyo □



IVEKI 38 AMANDLA EEFOSILI / EENTSALELA

ULWAZI LWENZULULWAZI

Chaza ngokufutshane intsingiselo yala magama / mabinzana : Amandla eentsalela / eefosili: i-oyile engahluzwanga, amalahle neerhasi

zendalo (konke oku kwenziwe ngeentsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo) o Amalahle: iintsalela ezivuthayo ezenziwa zizityalo zakudala kwilitye

lentlenga / elenziwa ludaka o I-oli ekrwada: iintsalela ezivuthayo ezenziwa ngeentsalela

zezilwanyana zaselwandle o Irhasi yendalo: irhasi eyenziwa ngelitye, litye elo lona lenziwa

ngelitye leentlenga / elenziwe ludaka; le rhasi ifumaneka kwi-oyile engahluzwanga

o Iirhasi / iigesi zeGreenhouse : iirhasi ezinjengemethane necarbon dioxide ezibamba amandla elanga emoyeni, yaye zinako ukubangela iglobal warming / ubushushu bomhlaba

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o Ifuthe leGreenhouse: Ukufudumala koMhlaba xa imimoya ethile

ivalela imitha yelanga o I-Global warming: ukunyuka kobushushu bomhlaba o Utshintsho lwemozulu (i-Climate change): ukutshintsha kwemozulu

kwiindawo ezithile ezinemozulu eyohlukeneyo.

INDLELA YOKUFUNDISA

LO 6.2.1 ; 6.2.3

6.3.1

Inyathelo 1 Ukwenzeka kwezinto ezivuthayo ezenziwa ziintsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo Chaza ukuba enzeka njani amalahle, i-oyile engahluzwanga neegesi / neerhasi zendalo. Abafundi mababonise ngokuzoba ukuba enzeka njani amalahle ne-oyile engahluzwanga. Inyathelo 2 Izinto ezivuthayo ezenziwa ngeentsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo Tshisa itispuni le-oyile yemoto (eyenziwe nge-oyile engahluzwanga) kwinkonkxa. Abafundi mabaqwalasele imbonakalo yomsi, baqaphele nevumba elibi. Chaza ukuba ingaba amandla efosili ezivuthayo azikhupha njani iirhasi zegreenhouse (imethane necarbon dioxide) nongcoliseko. Iirhasi zegreenhouse zibamba amandla elanga kwaye zizo ezibangela ukutshisa okunyukileyo komhlaba (iglobal warming). IGlobal warming yona ibanga utshintsho lwemozulu yehlabathi. Olo tshintsho ke lungabubeka esichengeni ubomi bezinto ezininzi eziphilayo, oko kuquka nabantu. Inyathelo 3 Abafundi mabaphande ngeendlela zokonga amandla asuka kwiintsalele zezilwanyana nezityalo / kwiifosili (umzekelo ukonga umbane nepetula). Mabazibhale phantsi ezo ndlela baziphandileyo. Inyathelo 4 Chaza iingxaki ezingabangelwa yiglobal warming (ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla efosili) kwimozulu yaseMzantsi Afrika (umzekelo: ukutshintsha kakhulu kwemeko yezulu). Abafundi mabachaze (ngokubhala nokuzoba) ukuba ukutshintsha kwemozulu kungalunyusa okanye kuluhlise njani ukhukuliseko lomhlaba. Abafundi mabatsho (ngokubhala nokuzoba) ukuba ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuzichaphazela njani izityalo nezilwanyana (umzekelo: amabhere, njalo-njalo.) Inyathelo 5 Vavanya / hlola ulwazi lwabafundi. Ingaba bayakwazi: Ukuchaza ukuba zenziwa njani ii-oyile namalahle ngeentsalela

zezilwanyana besebenzisa isigama esichanekileyo? Ukuqonda ukuba ukutsha kwezo oyile kukuchaphazela njani

okusingqongileyo? Ukufumana iindlela zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-oyile, ipetroli

namalahle? Ukuqonda ukuba ukutshintsha kwemozulu ngenxa yeglobal warming

kungalunyusa okanye kuluhlise njani ukhukuliseko lomhlaba?

ULWAZI-NKQUBO Ukubonisa, ingxoxo , ukubhala nokuzoba IZIXHOBO Iincwadi, i-oyile yemoto, inkonkxa, umatshisi, itispuni neeDVD

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Imixholo ye-NS

Amandla nokuguqu-guquka – ii-oli ezahlukeneyo njengomthombo wamandla Ubomi nokuphila – Izinto ezibangelwa kukutshintsha kokusingqongileyo nefuthe loko kwizityalo nezilwanyana

UTHUNGELWANO

Izifundo ITeknoloji – masijonge ‘izinto eziboniselweyo eziluhlaza’ (amacebo okonga amandla)











Udliwano-ndlebe □






oluseSikweni



IVEKI 39 IINGCEBISO MALUNGA NOBETHELELO LOLWAZI

o Isinkwenkwezi (i-Constellation): Phanda ngamabali ezinye iinkcubeko amalunga

nesinkwenkwezi, wandule unike ingxelo ngokubalisa loo mabali uwafumeneyo. o Amatye: Yenza uphando ngeendidi zamatye, unike ingxelo ngokubhala nokuzoba, uxele

ukuba amatye awohlukeneyo asetyenziswa njani ukwenza izakhiwo, iihombo , izitatyu namatye amangcwaba.

o Imihlaba: Yenza uphando, ubhale yaye unike iiinkcukacha ngeendlela zokulima ezahlukeneyo kwimihlaba eyahlukeneyo (umzekelo; Ukulima irayisi emigxobhozweni

o Iifosili / iintsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo ezazisakuphila mandulo: phanda ngeentsalela zezityalo nezilwanyana zaseMzantsi Afrika (umzekelo: iifosili zaseKaroo), wandule unike ingxelo ngokubhala nokuzoba.

o UMzantsi Afrika udla ngokubizwa njenge “Cradle of Humankind’. Chaza ukuba kutheni. (Bhala impendulo, uzobe nokuzoba).

o Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanayana: phanda ngezityalo nezilwanyana esele zatshabalala, okanye ezo zinokutshabalala (njengeqwarha)

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IVEKI 40 UMSEBENZI WOVAVANYO 6

Utitshala angasebenzisa imibuzo njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wovavanyo

LO 2 AS 1 Buza ngesigama, nopelo lwamagama LO 2 AS 1 Abafundi mababize ngamagama izinto ezifumaneka esibhakabhakeni, bachaze inkangeleko nemisebenzi yazo LO 2 AS 1 Chaza umahluko phakathi kweendidi zamatye (amatye entaba-mlilo (ii-igneous rocks, amatye eentlenga (ii-sedimentary rocks), namatye azitshintsha-tshintshayo (ii-metamorphic). Nika imizekelo yodidi ngalunye lwelitye, unike nemisebenzi yaloo matye uwanike njengemizekelo. LO 2 AS 2 Nika uluhlu lwezinto ezi- 3-6 onazo umhlaba. Abafundi bangazibeka ngokwaqela ama-3 LO 2 AS 1 Abafundi mabachaze ukuba yintoni i-ikhosistim (ecosystem), iyintoni ihabita

ngokubhekiselele kwizinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo LO 1 AS 1 Nika umbuzo ekuza kugxininiswa kuwo xa kuphandwa ngomhlaba ochumileyo, apho izityalo zinokukhula kakuhle kuwo. LO 1 AS 2 Chaza ukuba uza kuwafaka njani amanqaku ovavanyo LO 1 AS 3 Chaza umhlaba ocingela ukuba ngowona ulungele izityalo LO 3 AS 1 Chaza iingxaki (ezidalwa ziintsalela zezityalo nezilwanyana) zendawo ohlala kuyo nezisombululo zazo. Ezi ngxaki nezi zisombululo uza nazo maziyelele kwiingxaki nezisombululo ezifumaneka kwezinye iinkcubeko, kwaye ziquke iingxaki ezazisakwenzeka mandulo phaya, ezenzekayo kule mihla, nekuqikeleleka ukuba zisaya kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo LO 3 AS 1 Ingaba ukufunyanwa kweentsalela zezilwanyana nezityalo kusincede njani ukuze sazi okwakusakwenzeka mandulo, okwenzekayo kule mihla, nekuqikeleleka ukuba kusaya kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo?

UPHANDO LOBUNZULULWAZI: IBAKALA 6

Isikhokelo sophando sootitshala nabafundi Chonga into efumaneka kwindalo (izityalo, izilwanyana, imozulu, amatye, ukutsha, umbane, njl njl) ofuna ukuyiphanda. Xa uphanda into sukube ufuna ukufumanisa ulwazi oluthe xhaxhe ngayo ngokuthi uyiqwalasele okanye umete into ezenzekelayo ngokwendalo (umz ukuqwalasela nokumeta utshintsho olwenzeka kwimozulu yonke imihla). Ungaphanda nangokuba yintoni na eyenzekayo xa uthe wenza into ethile echaphazela imo yendalo yento (umz, ukugalela ityuwa okanye iswekile emanzini ujonge ukuba ingaba oko kuyabuchaphazela na ubushushu bamanzi abilayo). Ungaphanda nangokwenza into ehambelana nesehlo sendalo (umz indlela yokwenza ukuba indlu yakho iphole kwimozulu etshisayo). Ungasebenzisa le fomathi ilandelayo ukukukhokela kuphando lwakho:

LO1 AS1 : PLANA/CWANGCISA UPHANDO QAPHELA: Le nxalenye yophando mayenziwe yiklasi yonke, utitshala nabafundi A. Yintoni esele siyazi?

1. Khethani isihloko / isehlo sendalo emasiphandwe. 2. Yenzani isicwangciso-zimvo sayo yonke into eniyaziyo ngeso sihloko / ngalo nto yendalo.

B. Yintoni enye esifuna ukuyifumanisa? 1. Utitshala uncedisa abafundi ukuba babuze imibuzo malunga nolunye ulwazi abafuna

ukulufumana ngesi sihloko. 2. Utitshala ubhala imibuzo ebhodini. 3. Utitshala nabafundi bathatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi imibuzo enokuphandwa eklasini

iyeyiphi engenakuphandwa eklasini (enokuphandwa ezincwadini). 4. Utitshala nabafundi bachonga umbuzo omnye abaza kuwuphanda.

LO1 AS1 : PLANANI QAPHELA: Le inxalenye mayenziwe ngabafundi Yintoni esifuna ukuyifumanisa?

1. Gqibani ngoku kulandelayo: Izixhobo/imathiriyeli efunekayo Yintoni eza kuqatshelwa okanye eza kumetwa okanye eza kuqokelelwa ngabafundi? Baza kuqwalasela kangaphi okanye bathathe imilinganiselo kangaphi abafundi? Zeziphi izixhobo zokumeta ezidingekayo? Baza kuyibhala phi imilinganiselo yabo? (besebenzisa eyiphi ifomathi) Ngawaphi amanyathelo okhuseleko ekufuneka niwathathile?

2. Isihloko / into yendalo eza kuphandwa (bhalani) 3. Umbuzo wophando (bhalani) 4. Cingela iziphumo zophando lwakho. (Bhala: ndicinga ukuba kuza kwenzeka oku...

ngoba…..)

LO1 AS2 : YENZANI UPHANDO NIQOKELELE ULWAZI C. Yintoni ekufuneka siyenzile ukufumana ulwazi?

1. Bhalani phantsi onke amanyathelo ekufuneka niwalandele ukwenza uphando. 2. Sebenzisani izixhobo ukwenza inkqubo efanelekileyo (fumanisani ngeemathiriyeli,

qwalaselani okwenzekayo okanye nimana nithatha imilinganiselo, njl njl). 3. Bhalani phantsi enikuqwalaseleyo nenikumetileyo ngendlela efanelekileyo (kwitheyibhile,

kumzobo, njl njl.).

LO1 AS3 : PHONONONGANI ULWAZI ENILUFUMENEYO NICHAZE IZIPHUMO D. Ingaba iziphumo zisixelela ntoni?

1. Nikani ingxelo ngento eniyenzileyo. 2. Cacisani ukuba nifunde ntoni (bhalani, zobani, phendulani imibuzo). 3. Thathani isigqibo sokuba ingaba uphando lwenu luwuphendule na umbuzo wenu

ngokukuko okanye hayi. (bhalani) 4. Thathani isigqibo sokuba ingaba la nto beniyicingele ibe yiyo na okanye hayi. (bhalani) 5. Ingaba ninayo na eminye imibuzo emitsha efuna ukuphandwa? (bhalani) 6. Nikani imizekelo yento eqhelekileyo eniyifundileyo kolu phando.

Isixhobo sovavanyo sophando lweNzululwazi yezeNdalo

Umongo : ________________________ Isihloko_____________ UMSEBENZI WOVAVANYO ________________________________

Uhlobo loVavanyo: UPHANDO LOBUNZULULWAZI: lweBakala 6 NS LO 1 AS 1 Isicwangciso Izimvo zakho: Umfundi ukwazile ukubonelela ngolwazi ebesele enalo Umfundi ukwazile ukuchonga umba wophando Umfundi ukwazile ukuchaza ezinye zezixhobo ezifunekayo Inqaku li-1 kumba ngamnye = Amanqaku ama-3

Izimvo zakho:

LO1 AS2 Ukwenza uphando

Bakwazile ukuthatha isigqibo malunga nokuba loluphi ulwazi, imathiriyeli nezixhobo ezifunekayo emabazisebenzise kuphando Amanqaku ma-3

Bakwazile ukuthatha isigqibo malunga nokuba loluphi ulwazi, imathiriyeli nezixhobo ezifunekayo emabazisebenzise kuphando bencediswa ngutitshala Amanqaku ma-2

Abafundi basokole ukuthatha isigqibo/ baye abaqonda kakuhle ukuba loluphi ulwazi, imathiriyeli nezixhobo ezifunekayo emabazisebenzise kuphando Inqaku li-1

Umsebe-nzi awenzi-wanga 0

Bakwazile ukubhala amanyathelo emabawathathe yaye bawalandela kakuhle, ngokukhuselekileyo nangokunokwabo Amanqaku ma-5

Bakwazile ukubhala amanyathelo emabawathathe yaye bawalandela kakuhle bencediswa ngutitshala Amanqaku ma-3

Abafundi basokole ukubhala amanyathelo emabawathathe nokuwalandela sele bencediswa ngutitshala Inqaku li-1

Umsebe-nzi awenzi-wanga. 0

Bakwazile ukwenza imilinganiselo echanekileyo, eneenkcukacha neyiyo benza neengqwalasela ngokunokwabo Amanqaku ma-6

Bakwazile ukwenza imilinganiselo echanekileyo, eneenkcukacha neyiyo benza neengqwalasela bencediswa ngutitshala Amanqaku ma-4

Abafundi abakwazanga ukwenza imilinganiselo eyiyo neengqwalasela sele bencediswa ngutitshala Amanqaku ma-2


LO1 AS3 Uphono-nongo

Bakwazile ukucacisa ngokupheleleyo ngenkqubo abayilandeleyo (bebhala, bezoba yaye belebhelisha) Amanqaku ma-5

Bakwazile ukucacisa ngenkqubo abayilandeleyo bencediswa ngutitshala (bebhala, bezoba yaye belebhelisha) Amanqaku ma-3

Abafundi basokole ukucacisa ukucacisa ngenkqubo abayilandeleyo (bethetha, bebhala, bezoba yaye belebhelisha) Inqaku li-1


Bakwazile ukucacisa ngokupheleleyo ngento efundiweyo bengancediswa ngutitshala bakwazi nokuluhlanganisa olu lwazi nezinye iimeko

Amanqaku ma-6

Bakwazile ukucacisa ngento efundiweyo bencediswa ngutitshala

Amanqaku ma-4

Abafundi abakwazanga ukucacisa ngento efundiweyo, abayilandelanga into ephandwayo

Amanqaku ma-2

Umsebe-nzi awenzi-wanga.

0 Umfundi ebeziphethe kakuhle. Umsebenzi wenziwe ngenyameko. Umsebenzi wenziwe cocekileyo. Ihafu yenqaku kumba ngamnye = Amanqaku ewonke ma-2: _______ Umfundi uye wacoca akugqiba.

Amanqaku ewonke ngama-30:______ Utitshala: _______________ Umhla: ___/___/2009

- i -

ICANDELO LESI-4: UBUCHULE BOKUFUNDA NOKUBHALA NGEZENZULULWAZI

Uluhlu lweenkcazelo

A Absorbed energy: Amandla afunxiweyo: kuxa amandla efunyenwe / efunxiwe okanye ongeziwe kwinkqunto okanye entweni. Adapted: Ukulungiselela imeko ethile: izityalo nezilwanyana eziguqukileyo zisenzela ukumelana neemeko zelo xesha. Atmosphere: I-atmosferi: (ngumoya) umxube weegesi ezijikeleze iplanethi. Axis: I-Asi: iyintsika yengqikelelo ekukholelwa ukuba umHlaba uyayijikeleza.

B Balanced diet: Ukutya okunesondlo: kukutya okuqulathe izakhamzimba ezibalulekileyo ngokwemilinganiselo echanekileyo kuqinisekiswa ngezempilo. Biodiversity: Iintlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilo eziphilayo: “u-bio” uthetha” “ubomi”; “u-diversity” uthetha “iintlobo-ntlobo ” oko kukuthi: iindindi ngeendidi zezinto eziphilayo (izityalo nezilwanyana). Boiling point: Iqondo lokubila: liqondo elijika ulwelo lube yigesi / ngumoya. Boiling water: Amanzi abilayo: ngamanzi atshisiweyo ada anamandla aneleyo wokuba angaguquka amanzi la abe yigesi / ngumoya. Breathing: Ukuphefumla: sisenzo sokuwubizela ngaphakathi kuwe umoya one-oksijini nesokuwukhuphela ngaphandle umoya onekhabhon-dayoksayidi. Breed: Ukuzala: kukuvelisa kwakhona.

C Carbohydrates: Izakha-mzimba / iikhabhohayidrethi: kukutya okusebenza njengowona mthombo wamandla kwisondlo. Iswekile, istatshi neeselulo zonke zizakha-mzimba. Carnivores Izidla-nyama eziqwengayo: izilo eziphila ngokutya ezinye. Carpel / pistil: Ipistili / isizalo sentyantyambo: siqulathe isamkeli-mungu, inxalenye yesiyilelo-maqanda esingumcu omde nonciphileyo kunye nesiyilelo-maqanda. Catastrophic events: Izihelegu / iziganeko ezikhwankqisayo: ziziganeko zokufa okanye zezo zityhutyhela kwiindawo ezininzi (umzekelo: izikhukula). Catchment area: Ummandla wokuhlanganisa amanzi emvula: yindawo yendalo apho amanzi emvula ahlanganela khona, njengemigxobhozo, amachibi / amaqula njalo-njalo. Categorise: Ukwahlula ngokweendidi: ukuhlela / ukuzibekela bucala izinto ezinembonakalo / okanye ezineempawu ezifanayo. Ceramics: Iiseramikhi: ziimveliso ezenziwe ngodongwe olubhakiweyo / olutshisiweyo, imizekelo: ziikomityi zaseTshayina, ziingqayi zokugcina iintyatyambo, ziithayile. Ezi zitya zomelele, zingaqhekeka, zinesandi esibukhali, zihlala ixesha elide, amanzi awangeni kuzo azivuzise. Circuit:

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Isekethe: yindlela ejikelezayo yombane osuka kwijelo lawo uye kwisixhobo esiwusebenzisayo, kwakhona uphinde ubuyele kwijelo elo. Umbane awusayi kutyhutyha xa ungatyhutyhanga ngokupheleleyo kwindlela yawo. Classes of materials Iindidi zezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo – imicu / iintsinga, glasi, iiseramikhi, ipolimasi (iiplastikhi), iphepha, umthi, isinyithi. Classify: Ukuhlela: Ukulungelelaniswa kweemveliso okanye kwezinto eziphilayo zibe ngamaqela anxulumeneyo ngokweempawu azifana ngazo. Clay: Udongwe: ngamasuntwana (athambileyo) amatye (maxa wambi abomvana, amfusa okanye amhlophe ngebala). Udongwe luyawagcina amanzi yaye luncangathi xa lumanzi. Clayey soil Umhlaba oludongwe: ngumhlaba onawona masuntswana maninzi aludongwe. Climate change: Inguquko kwimozulu: ziinguquko zemozulu ezithatha ixesha elide emimandleni yemozulu emHlabeni. Climate: Imozulu: ziimeko zemozulu eziqwalaselweyo kwenziwa umlinganiselo wazo wexesha elide emmandleni othile. Coal: Amalahle: zizibaso zeziqina eziguquke zangamatye nezakheke ematyeni enziwe ngentlenga, zivela kwintsalela yezityalo zakudala. Combustion: Ukutsha: ukuvutha komlilo okuquka i-oksijini, izibaso nobushushu. Condensation: Ukujiyisa: kuxa umphunga (oyigesi) upholayo ukuze uguquke ube lulwelo. Condenses: Iyajiya: xa igesi ipholayo (ilahlekelwa bubushushu) ukuze iguquke ile lulwelo. Constellation: Isinkwenkwezi: ziingqimba zeenkwenkwezi ezibonakalayo kosemHlabeni. Le ngqimba ibonakala ihleli ndawonye, kodwa iyazwabuluka icande isibhakabhaka ngeli xesha uhambayo nomHlaba. Consumer (herbivores, carnivores and omnivores): Idlakudla: (isidla-magqabi, isidla-nyama nesidla-konke): sisidalwa esiphila ngokutya ezinye ngokomjikelo wezinto ezityiwayo. Crops: Izityalo: zizityalo ezilinywe zazininzi kusenzelwa ukuba zityiwe okanye kukho ezinye iinjongo. Crude oil: I-oyile ekrwada: isibaso esiqine kakhulu nesakheke ematyeni enziwe ngentlenga evela kwintsalela yezilo zaselwandle zamandulo. Distillation: Uhlalutyiso: ukwenziwa kohlalutye ngokutshiswa kwezinto ezinyibilikileyo ukuze isinyibilikiso esimanzisiweyo sijike sibe ngumphunga.

D Decomposer: Isibolisi: into eyahlula izityalo ezifileyo kunye nezilo ezifileyo zibe ngamacandelo abolayo. Degree Celsius (ºC): IQondo lesazi ngeenkwenkwezi esinguCelsius (ºC): liyiyunithi yokulinganisela amandla obushushu. Deposition: Ukubekwa / ukuhlaliswa: kuxa amasuntswana omhlaba akhukuliswayo okanye aphaphathekiswayo ukuze ayokubekwa kwenye indawo. Diabetes: Isifo seswekile: yimeko ephazamisayo ngoba umzimba awukwazi kuwagcina ngendlela eqhelekileyo amanqanaba eglukhozi esegazini.. Digestion: Umetyiso: kuxa ukutya okusemzimbeni kusenziwa amasuntwana eembumba bubushushu kunye nokufuma.

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Digestive System: UmXokomezelo woMetyiso: lawo ngamalungu aphakathi emzimbeni ancedisayo ekwenzeni ukutya kube ngamasuntswana eembumba bubushushu nokufuma; le nkqubo ibandakanya umlomo, amadlala akhupha amathe, umbizo, isisu, isibindi, injeke, ithumbu elincinci nelikhulu. Dissolve: Ukunyibilika: kuxa into ixutywa kulwelo ukuze ibonakale inyamalele phakathi kolo lwelo, lilonke ayinakube ibonwe. Ukubiliswa kolwelo nokulujiyisa: kuxa ulwelo lusitsha ukuze luveze umphunga. Emva koko ulwelo olo luyajiyiswa ngokulupholisa ukuze lube lolusulungekileyo..

E Earth materials: Iinkqunto zomHlaba: ngumoya, ngamanzi, ngamatye nomhlaba. Earth year: Unyaka wasemHlabeni: ixesha lokuba umHlaba wenza umjikelezo wawo eLangeni (indlela yesijikelezi-langa) kangangeentsuku (ezingama-365 nekota yosuku). Ecosystem: Inkqubo yokuphilisana kwezidalwa: Ukuphilisana kwendalo ndawonye kubandakanya izidalwa eziphilayo nezinezingaphiliyo nendlela ezisebenzisana ngayo, nezi zidalwa ziphila njengabemi abazizityalo, izilwanyana nokunye nokuzizinambuzane okulapho. Eggs: Amaqanda: ebantwini ezi ziiseli zokuzala. Electricity: Umbane: ulijelo lesibini lamandla (uphuma komnye umthombo ofana namalahle), umbane usetyenziswa njengejelo lezixhobo esisebenzisa amandla ombane. Energy gain: Ukongezwa kwamandla: kwenzeka xa inkqunto ifunxa amandla amaninzi ngoba ingqongwe ziimeko zobushushu. Energy loss: Ukulahleka kwamandla: kwenzeka xa inkqunto ikhuphela ngaphandle amandla ayo ngoba ingqongwe kukuphola. Energy sources: Imithombo yamandla: lijelo eliwagcinayo okanye elinikezela ngamandla athile (umzekelo: ibhetri, amanzi ehla phezulu njengawengxangxasi). Amanye amajelo abandakanya amand;a agciniweyo eekhemikhali okanye awezixhobo zokusebenza, umzekelo: iiseli zombane, umtya welastikhi otsaliweyo okanye osongelweyo, wumthi, amalahle, i-oyile njalo-njalo. Eminye imithombo yamandla sele ishukuma yaye intshukumo yayo isetyenziswa njengamandla, umzekelo: amanzi ehla ngamandla, amaza ashuku-shukumayo, umoya (oshukumayo), njalo-njalo. Energy transfer systems: Iinkqubo zokudluliswa kwamandla: yinkqubo eyenziwe ngamacandelo amabini nangaphezu koko edlulisela (egqithisa) amandla asuka endaweni enye asiwe kwenye, umzekelo: unjikelo weendidi zezityo, isekethe yombane, inkqubo yokuphilisana kwezidalwa zonke, njalo-njalo. Energy transfer: Ukudluliswa kwamandla: xa amandla edluliswa ukusuka kwicandelo elinye asiwe kwelinye icandelo lenkqubo. Energy transformation: Uguqulo lwamandla: kumaxa amandla eguqulwa esuswa kwisimo esithile esisiwa kwesinye, umzekelo: amandla ombane ayaguqulwa abe kukukhanya okubonakalayo kwibhalbhu. Energy: Amandla: ayafuneka ukuze isebenze yonke into, kubekho intshukumo okanye impilo. Environment: Okusingqongileyo: imo esirhangqileyo yokuphila nokungaphili echaphazela izidalwa eziphilayo. Erosion: Ukhukuliselo: ukumka komhlaba okanye kwamanye okuthatha iminyaka emininzi nokubangelwa ngumoya, ngamanzi, njalo-njalo. Evaporate: Inguquko yolwelo: Kumaxa lutshayo ulwelo ukuze luguquke lube yigesi.

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Evaporation Inkqubo yoguquko lolwelo: yinkqubo yokujika kolwelo (umzekelo; kwamanzi) abe yigesi (engumphunga). Excretion: Umgutyulo: kukususwa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo yinguqulo yokutya emzimbeni (ukubila nomchamo), oko kwenzeka kwisidalwa esiphilayo.

F Factors affecting solubility: Iimeko ezichaphazela unyibiliko: Sisenzo sokunyibilikisa into msinyane okanye kuthathwe ixesha elide kulwelo ngenxa: yezihlandlo zokuluzamisa, ngeqondo lobushushu bolwelo; ngobungakanani bamasuntwana esiqina; ngobungakanani besiqina xa buthelekiswa nobolwelo. Fats and oils: Amafutha nee-oyile: kukutya (i-oyile yomnquma, ibhotolo, amafutha enyama) asebenza njengomthombo wamandla nalondoloza amalungu omzimba afana nemithambo-luvo. Fertilization: Ukuqhamisa, ukuchumisa: kukuhlanganiswa kweeseli zamalungu enzala kwiduna nemazi ukuze kuvele isidalwa esitsha. Flexibility: Ukuthamba / ububhethe-bhetye: ukukwazi ukugoba / ukuyitshintsha imilo kungekho nto yaphukileyo. Food chain: Umjikelo kwizidalwa ezityayo: lo mjikelo wezityo ubonisa ukuba ‘ngoobani abatya oobani’ kwindawo yezidalwa eziphila kunye; ukulahleka nokongezeleleka kwamandla phakathi kwezidalwa eziphilayo. Luluhlu lwezidalwa ekudluliselwa kuzo amandla avela ekutyeni kwindalo eziphilelayo. Food pyramid: Isazobe esimalunga nokutya simile okwephiramidi: esi sazobe sisikhokelo seendidi zawona maqela atyayo, sinemilinganiselwa yokutya ekucetyiswayo ukuba makutyiwe njengesidlo esinesondlo. Forms of energy: Iindidi zamandla: umzekelo: kukukhanya, sisandi, bubushushu, ngumbane, yintshukumo. Fossil casts: Iindidi zezinto ezaziphila mandulo: zizikopi ezinemilinganiselo emithathu yamalungu ezityalo okanye yezilo ezaziphila mandulo nezajikayo zaba ngamatye. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngabaphandi. Fossil fuels: Izibaso zezinto ezaziphila mandulo: yi-oli ekrwada, ngamalahle negesi yemvelo, (zakheka kwintsalela eyajika yaba ngamatye evela ezityalweni nasezilwanyaneni). Fossilisation: Imizila yezinto zamandulo: Imizila yeempuphu zezilo okanye eyamagqabi eyabhalekayo eludakeni olwaqina kwakudala-dala lwaza lwaguquka lwaba ngamatye. Fossils: Ukwakheka kwentsalela yamandulo eyaba ziziqina: Yindlela yokwakheka kwentsalela yezityalo nezilo zakudala. Iikhemilkhali eziphilayo zesilo essafayo okanye yezityalo, endaweni yale ntsalla kubakho iikhemikhali ezingaphiliyo neziqinisa umzimba ngokwelitye. Fossil imprints: Iifosili / iziqina zamandulo: yintsalela yezilo neyezityalo ezazilondolozwa kwasekuqaleni phakathi ematyeni amakhulu. Fuels: Izibaso: zingumthombo wamandla (kudla ngokufuneka sizitshise ukuze kuvele amandla obushushu). Full moon INyanga ezeleyo: yimbonakalo yeNyanga ezeleyo esemelhweni ethu (xa iNyanga isisazinge), oku kwenzeka kumgama omalunga nesiqingatha phambi kokuba iNyanga iwugqibe ngokupheleleyo umjikelo wayo

G Galaxy: Umnyele wesibhakabhaka: yingqumba yeenkwenkwezi, yeeplanethi, yeegesi neyothuli olusemajukujukwini. Gas: Igesi: yimeko yenkqunto equka amasuntswana ahamba ngephanyazo aze athi saa, imo yegesi ayisoloko iyinto enye.

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Germination: Ukuntshula: imbewu iyantshula xa iqalisayo ukukhula, emazantsi kubekho ingcambu yokuqala kunye nesihluma. Glass: Iglasi: iyimveliso eyenzeke ngesanti enyibilikisiweyo yaza yaxutywa nelitya lekalika kesodiyam khabhonethi. Iimpawu zeglasi: iqinile / ilukhuni, ingaqhekeka / ingantlekeka, inwesandi esibukhali, ihlala ixesha elide yaye amanzi awangeni kuyo, inkumnkum, umntu uyabona ngaphaya kwayo. Global warming: Ukufudumala okuchaphazela ihlabathi lonke: kukunyuka kweqondo lobushushu ehlabathini jikelele, ngenxa yamandla emitha yelanga ebambeke ndawonye, unobangela ziigesi ‘ezivela kwizindlu ekukhuliselwa kuzo izityalo’. Ezinye iziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi lonke zezi: kukunyibilika komkhenkce osezincamini zomhlaba, kukunyuka komgangatho wolwandle nenguquko kwimozulu. Greenhouse effect: Impembelelo yendlu ekukhuliselwa kuyo izityalo: kulapho iigesi zale ndlu ziwabambisayo amandla emitha yelanga kwi-atmosferi. Greenhouse gases: Iigesi zendlu ekukhuliselwa kuyo izityalo: ziigesi (ezifana nekhabhon-dayoksayidi, igesi yomgodi wamalahle kunezinye), ubushushu ziyabufunxa zize zibuvalele kwi-atmosferi yomHlaba yaye zinganguyena nobangela wobushushu obugqiba ihlabathi lonke.

H Habitat: Ikhaya / Isikhundla: yindawo ekhethekileyo yezidalwa eziziphilelayo nezisebenza kunye, kulapho izityalo nezilwanyana ziphilayo zize ziqhame. Hardness: Ukomelela / ukuba lukhuni: ukukwazi ukumelana nokubhudlwa komzimba ziinkxwaleko / nokudleka komzimba. Hazardous: Ukuba nobungozi: zizinto okanye ziimveliso ezinganobungozi empilweni nezinakho ukuyonakalisa indalo esingqongileyo. Heat conduction: Ukwamkelwa kobushushu: yindlela imveliso ebuvumela ngayo ubushushu ukuba bufike yaye bugqithe nakuyo. Heat insulation: Ukuthintelwa kobushushu: yindlela imveliso ewathintela ngayo amandla obushushu ukuba ngafiki aze agqithe ngaphaya kwayo. Heating wires: Iingcingo ezitshisayo: lucingo oluthile olutshisayo xa kudlula kumo umsinga wombane. Umzekelo: zifunyanwa kwii-ayini, kwizifudumezi, koomatshini abagcina amanzi eshushu (kwiigiza) naseziketileni zombane. HIV/AIDS patients : Izigulana ezinentsholongwane i-HIV /noGawulayo: ngabantu abasulelweyo yintsholongwane i-HIV Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV); eyenza umzimba ungakwazi ukuzikhusela kwizifo, Hydrosphere: IHayidrosferi: (ngamanzi nomphunga), yinxalenye yomHlaba eyenziwe ngamanzi.

I Igneous rock: Ilitye lentaba-mlilo: lilitye elakheke ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo, nangokwenziwa iziqina kwamasuntswana omhlaba aphuma kwintaba-mlilo. Indigenous knowledge Ulwazi lwemvelo: lulwazi olufumanayo elizweni ozalelwe kulo. Indigenous Ukuba yinzalelwane: ukukhulela ekhaya, imvelaphi yakho ikulo, ukuzalelwa endaweni, ukukhula ngokwemvelo yalapho. Infiltration: Ukungena okungabonwayo: ukutyhutyhela kwamanzi emhlabeni nasematyeni ankumnkum kuba eneentunjana.

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Insoluble substances: Iimveliso ezinganyibilikiyo: azinyamalali xa zixutyiweyo kulwelo (umzekelo: amagqabi eti okanye amasuntswana esanti asemanzini). Interdependence Ukuxhomekeka: izidalwa eziphilayo iseso sixhomekeke kwesinye ukuze siphile. Ziyancedana ngokubonelelana ngokutya, ngendawo yokuhlala, njalo-njalo. Invertebrates: Izilwanyana ezingenamqolo: (izinambuzane, iintshulube, izilwanyana ezingenamathambo nezinokuba namaqokobhe, izilwanyana ezinamaqokobhe, uhlobo lwezigcawu, oonomadukudwane, amakhalane; amasongololo nezinemilenze emininzi izinambuzane / izilwanyana), inkoliso yezi zilwanyana inobugoxo bamathambo (obungaphandle).

J Joints: Iijoyinti: Apha ebugoxweni bamathambo le yindawo ekudibana kuyo amathambo amabini. Iijoyinti zizo ezivumela intshukumo.

K Kilojoules (kJ): Ii-Kilojoules (kJ): iyunithi yokulinganisela amandla kuthiwa yi-Joule (J). i-kilojoule yenziwa zezili-1000 ii-Joules. Kinetic energy (movement energy): Amandla entshukumo (amandla okushukuma): ngamandla asezintweni ezishukumayo okanye asemasuntswini, yimithombo yamandla ehambayo: umzekelo: ngumbane, ngamanzi ehla ngamandla, ngumoya.

L Landforms: Imbonakalo yeempawu zomhlaba: ziimpawu zemvelo ezikumphezulu womHlaba, umzekelo: ziintaba, yimilamboziintili, njalo-njalo. Length of day: Ubude bemini: linani leeyure zasemini ukususela ekuphumeni kwelanga lide liyokutshona. Length of night: Ubude bexesha lasebusuku: linani leeyure ukususela ekutshoneni kwelanga lide liphume. Life processes: Intlalo yobomi: kuko konke okwenziwayo zizidalwa eziphilayo: zinentshukumo, ziyazala, zinemithambo-luvoziyakhula, zinomgutyulo, ziyaphefumla, ziyazondla. Ligament: Umsipha: yinyama edibanisa amathambo ngokuqinileyo kwindawo adityaniswa kuyo. Liquid: Ulwelo: luyimo yenkqunto; amasuntswana olwelo ahamba ngokunxulumeneyo, angagalelwa, athatha imilo yenkonkxa akuyo, ayasizalisa isithuba akuso, amasuntswana olwelo ayagudlana nangona elinye lithe qelele kwelinye kunokuba enjalo aweziqina. Lithify: Ukuhlanganiswa nokuzinziswa kwentlenga: ukuguqula amasuntswana entlenga abe lilitye eliqinileyo. Lithosphere: ILithosferi: (ngamatye nomhlaba) ngumcwe osisiqina womHlaba onalo nokhoko. Loamy soil: Umhlaba ongumadakana: ngumhlaba osemgangathweni ophakamileyo owenzeke ngokuxubana kwesanti, kwentlenga yomhlaba, kwamasuntswana odongwe nomgquba, (okubolileyo okuphuma kwizityalo nakwizilo). M Magnetism: Ubutsalane: yindlela iimveliso ezitsaleka okanye ezingatsaleki ngayo xa zijongene nesitsalane.

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Materials Imathiriyeli: inkqunto esisiqina yahlulwe yangamaqela, umzekelo: isinyithi, iiseramikhi neeplastikhi, njalo-njalo; ezo ziziqina ezincedayo ekwenzeni iimveliso eziluncedo. Mating: Ukudibana ngesondo: xa kudibana isidalwa esiliduna neso siyimazi zohlobo olunye, iinjongo yeyokuba inkunzi le mayifake amadlozi ayo emzimbeni wemazi ukuze kuchume amaqanda emazi. Matter: Inkqunto: yiyo nantoni na enobunzima, ethatha indawo; nantoni na elapha emHlabeni naseHlabathini liphela yenziwe ngenkqunto. Inkqunto yenziwe ngee-atom. Measuring weather: Ukumeta imozulu: i-thermometer ilinganisela iqondo lobushushu, umlinganiselo womoya ujongene nesantya ohamba ngaso umoya kunye necala oya kulo, isixhobo sokulinganisela imvula sixela ubungakanani bemvula enethileyo. Mechanical systems: Oomatshini : oomatshini abanamacandelo amabini okanye angaphezu koko ashukumayo, umzekelo: iintsimbi zenjini ezishukumayo. Melting ice: Umkhenkce onyibilikayo: umkhenkce uyanyibilika xa ufumana amandla aneleyo okuguquka ube lulwelo. Melting point: Iqondo lonyibiliko: liqondo lobushushu apho isiqina siguqukayo sibe lulwelo. Melting: Ukunyibilika: ukuguquka kwemo yenkqubo ebisisiqina ijike ibe lulwelo, unobangela woko idla ngokuba ngamandla obushushu. Metals: Isinyithi: ziimveliso ezikuvueleayo ukutyhutyha kombane nobushushu, umzekelo: yikopolo, yitin, yisilivere, yigolide, ilothe, njalo-njalo. Siyakhazimla, siqinile/ silukhuni, siyakhandwa / siyaqheliswa, ziimveliso ezisulungekileyo ezifana ne-ayini, ikopolo, igolide nesilivere Isinyithi kwenziwa ngaso iimveliso ezifana nezikhonkwane, nemibhobho, nezixhobo zokulola , neerula zokulinganisela. Metamorphic: Ukuguquka kwemilo: kwenzeka ematyeni aye aguquka ngokweempawu zomphezulu wawo, ngokwembonakalo okanye ngokwemiqondiso ekuwo neempawu. Mixtures: Imixube: zizinto ezimbini okanye ezingaphezu koko ezixutyiweyo nezinokuphinda zahlukaniswe. Movement of heat energy: Intshukumo yamandla obushushu: Amandla asoloko ehamba esuka kwindawo / kwinto efudumeleyo ukuze aye apho kupholileyo. Muscles: Izihlunu: yinyama yomzimba erhwaqelayo nengunobangela wentshukumo, umzekelo: inkonyana, isihlunu esineendidi ezintathu.

N Natural disasters: Intlekele yendalo: ziziganeko ezifana neenyikima, iintaba-mlilo, imbalela egqubayo, njalo-njalo. Natural fibres: Imicu yemvelo: mide, ithambile / ibhetyebhetye, iziintsinga ezomeleleyo ezivela ezityalweni nakwizilwanyana, umzekelo:t emithini nasemaphepheni, kumqhaphu, kwiwulo, empahleni ekulalwa kuyo, njalo-njalo. Natural gas: Igesi yemvelo: sisibaso sakudala esiqinileyo esakheke ematyeni enziwe ngentlenga yentsalela yezityalo zaselwandle nezilwanyana, ifunyaniswa inxulumene ne-oli ekrwada. New Moon: INyanga eNtsha: eli xesha leNyanga libakho xa iNyanga ingakhanyiswanga ngokuthe ngqo yimitha yelanga, ingabonakaliyo nasemehlweni. INyanga eNtsha idla ngokwenza umqondiso wokuqaliswa komjikelo omtsha weNyanga. Nuclear Energy: Amandla eNyuklera: luhlobo lwamandla akhutshwayo ziimveliso ezisasaza imitha ebangelwa kukuqhekeka kwee-atom, umzekelo: yiyureniyam neplutoniyam.

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Nutrients Izondlo: zizinto ezisekutyeni kwethu ezisibonelela ngesondlo: iikhabhohayidrethi, iiprpthini, iivithamini neminerali, amafutha ne-oyile.

O Orbit: Indlela yesijikelezi-langa: yindlela esetyenziswa yiplanethi nganye xa ijikeleza iLanga. Yindlela esetyenziswa yiNyanga xa ijikeleza iLanga. Organisms: Izidalwa: yiyo nayiphi na into ephilayo, umzekelo: zizilwanyana nezityalo. Ovary and uterus and vagina: Isiyilelo-maqanda, isibeleko / isizalo, ubuntombi / ubufazi: ngamalungu okuzala kwizilo eziziimazi. Ovule: Indawo eneseli yeqanda: ineeseli zokuzala kwemazi yesityalo esneetyatyambo.

P Paraffin: IParafini: ingumthombo wamandla kwikhaya losapho: sisibaso esilulwelo esisetyenziselwa ukupheka ukutya. Xa iparafini idibana nomlilo ngengozi, amadangatye ayo aba shushu kakhulu yaye kunzima ukuwalawula. Penis and testes Ubudoda / incanca kunye namasende: lawo ngamalungu okuzala kwenkunzi ezilwanyaneni. Phase change: Ukuguquka kwemo: ukuguquka kusukwa kwenye imo kuyiwe kwenye (kwiziqina, kulwelo, kwiigesi). Phases of matter: Izigaba ezahlukeneyo zenkqunto: ziziqina, lulwelo neegesi. Ubushushu buyayiguqula imo ukususela kwisiqina sijika sibe lulwelo, ukusuka apho ulwelo luyajika lube yigesi, ukuze igesi iphole, (ilahlekelwe bubushushu), eso simo siyayiguqula imo yenkqunto. Phases of the Moon: Iimo zeNyanga: xa ibonwa ngumntru osemHlabeni, imbonakalo yeNyanga iyaguquka ngokomjikelo Emva kwexesha elithile, oko kukuthi: iba yinyanga ezeleyo, iba yinyanga entsha, yinyanga enesifombo, yikota yenyanga. Photosynthesis: Ifotosinthesisi: ukuguquka kwekharbhon-dayoksayidi okwenziwa ngeklorofili nelanga ibe ziikhabhohayidrethi, kubakho namanzi okwenza ukutya. Pistil / carpel: Ipistili: Licandelo lentyatyambo eliyimazi, liquka isamkeli-mungu, uluthi olunciphileyo oluyinxalenye yesityalo kunye nesiyilelo-maqanda. Pitch: Ukutshintsha kwelizwi: izandi eziphezulu nezisezantsi. Oonobumba bomculo banezandi eziphezulu (isandi esinyukileyo) okanye esisezantsi (isandi esiphantsi). Imo yelizwi ixhomekeka emoyeni ohlokomayo entweni okanye kwisixhobo somculo; xa ikhawuleza intlokoma, kokukhona sinyukayo isandi selizwi. Planets: Iiplanethi: zizinto ezisemajukujukwini iyileyo ihamba ngendledlana yayo xa kujikelezwa inkwenkwezi. Pliable: Ezibhetyebhetye / ezithambileyo: yinto enokuqengqwa okanye igotywe ibe yisoseji kunye / okanye ibe nemilo yesazinge. Pollen: Umungu: uneeseli zokuzalisa kwenkunzi esityalweni esiphuma iintyatyambo.. Pollination: Uvuvuzelo: kuxa umungu ususwa kwiqabane eliyinkunzi (kwi-stameni) usiwa kwicandelo lemazi (eliyipistili) yesityalo. Polymers (plastics and natural fibres):

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Iipolimasi (iiplastikhi neentsinga zemvelo: iimoletyhuli ezinde nezidityanisiweyo ezenziwe ngezincinane nezininzi ziyadityaniswa, umzekelo: iiplastikhi, irabha, imicu yezityalo, uhlobo lwepolimasi olusebenza njengeeplastikhi, njalo-njalo. Iipolimasi zithambile / ziyalawuleka, zizithinteli-bushushu kunye nombane ezomeleleyo, zihlala ixesha elide, ziyavutha xa zitshiswayo. Ezinye iiplastikhi umntu angabona ngaphaya kwazo, ezinye ziwenza mfiliba umboniso, (akunakubona ngaphaya kwazo). Potential energy (stored energy): Amandla anokusetyenziswa (amandla agciniweyo): ngamandla aselugcinweni nanakho ukusebenza xa ekhululwe, umzekelo: kwiibhetri, kwiiseli, kwizangqa zelastikhi, kwiikhemikhali, kwizibaso, njalo-njalo. Precipitation: Ukunetha: Kumaxa amanzi ehla phezulu awele emHlabeni njengemvula, iqabaka, iliqhwa, isichotho nombethe. Herbivores: Abalawuli / abasebenzisi bokuqala (izidla-magqabi): Zizilo ezidla amagqabi ezityalo. Producer: Umvelisi Sisidalwa esiphilayo (umzekelo: sisityalo), kumjikelo wokuqala wokuba sisitya udidi lwezityo, akukho mfuneko yokuba sityiswe, kuphela siyazenzela ngokwaso ukutya.. Properties of soil: Iimpawu zomhlaba: Bubungakanani bamasuntswana omhlaba, ngumbala wawo, uthambile na okanye urhabaxa xa uphethwe ngesandla, ivumba lawo kunye nokuthi kulula na ukuwusebenzisa okanye ulukhuni. Properties: Iimpawu Ijongeka njani le nkqunto? Lukhona uvakalelo xa kusetyenzwa ngayo? Umzekelo: ukuthamba / ububhethebhetye bayo, ukuba lukhuni kwayo, irhabaxa okanye ithambile, umbala nokuba iyanyibilika na, njalo-njalo. Proteins: Iiprothini Zikukutya okusetyenziselwa ukwakha umzimba. Yinyama, yintlanzi, ngamaqanda, ziimbotyi kanti neenqoba zinazo iiprothini.

R Rainfall: Ubuninzi bemvula Ngumlinganiselo wokunetha kwemvula emmandleni ngexesha elithile. Reflected light: Ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo Ngamandla okukhanya agaxeleka kwinkqunto aze aphinde abuyele emva. Relative motion: Intshukumo ethelekisiweyo Umzekelo: ukuhamba komHlaba ngokunxulumeneyo neLanga – xa umHlaba ulijikeleza iLanga. Kukuhamba kweNyanga ngokunxulumeneyo nomHlaba – iNyanga iyawujikeleza umHlaba, njalo-njalo. Relative Position: Isikhundla nemo efanelekileyo: Yindawo elikuyo iLanga, iNyanga nomHlaba ngokwendlela ezinxulumene ngayo ehlabathini, umzekelo: iLanga lisembindini wezijikelezi zalo, yaye iiplanethi ziyalijikeleza iyileyo isebenzisa indledlana yayo ngokwemigama emiselweyo yokujikeleza kweeplanethieLangeni. IiNyanga zijikeleza iiplanethi, ukanti zonke izijikelezi zineendledlana zazo zokulizungeleza zilirhangqe iLanga. Revolution: Uzungelezo ngokwentshukumo Kukuhamba kweplanethi nganye kwindledlana yayo erhangqe iLanga. Kukuhamba kweNyanga kwindledlana yayo erhange iplanethi. Rock particles: Amasuntswana avela ematyeni / amaqhekezana amatye Ngamatye amancinane kakhulu. Rotation: Umjikelezo Yintshukumo yokujikeleza kweeplanethi neenyanga zixhathise ngee-asi zazo zengqikelelo. Runoff: Ukhukuliseko / ukududulwa Ngamanzi emvula angangeniyo emhlabeni nangafunxwayo nguwo. Rust: Umhlwa Sisenzeko esibandakanya inguquko phakathi kwentsimbi (nokuba iphi na) ne-oksijini evela kwi-atmosferi.

S Sand: Isanti Inkudlwana, iyingqakumbana ekhanyayo (ingamasuntswana amatye), njengesanti yentlango naleyo yaselunxwemeni.

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Umhlaba oyisanti (Sandy soil) : Ngumhlaba onomlinganiselo omkhulu ngokwendlela owaqulathe ngayo amasuntswana ayisanti. Inkwenkwezi ejikeleza enye (Satellite): Yiyo nayiphi na into esenajukujukwini ejikelezayo irhangqe enye. Amaxesha onyaka (Seasons): Lixesha lonyaka elizibonakalisa ngemozulu yalo eyodwa nebalaseleyo, (umzekelo: ubusika, intlakohlaza). Ngabalawuli / abasebenzisi bodidi lwesibini (izidla-nyama okanye izidalwa ezizidlayo nezityalo): Abasebenzisi bezinto abakudidi lwesibini – bazizilo ezitya izityalo nezilwanyana okanye abo batya izilwanyana kuphela. Amatye akheke ngentlenga (Sedimentary rocks): Ngamatye akheke ngeengqimba zentlenga esemanzini. Ukusasazeka kwembewu (Seed dispersal): Kukusasazela imbewu ezindaweni ezahlukileyo. Isahlukaniso (Separation): Yinkqubo apho zahlulwayo iziqina. Kukuvelisa emva komgca wesondo (Sexual reproduction): Kukuveliswa kwesidalwa esitsha ngokubandakanyeka kwabazali ababini. Kubakho uchumiso xa kudityenweyo ngesondo. Ezityalweni kuphuma imbewu emva kochumiso. Intlenga yomhlaba (Silt): Ngamasuntswvana aphuma ematyeni naphantse angumgubo, afunyanwa emhlabeni. Umhlaba oyintlenga / urhexe (Silty soil): Ngumhlaba onomlinganisela omkhulu wamasuntswana ayintlenga. Ubugoxo bamathambo (omntu) [Skeleton-human]: Lukhakhayi, yimihlathi, lithambo lomqolo (ngumqolo), ziimbambo, ngumbalo / umlenze wangaphambili okanye yingalo (ithambo lenkonyana, ithambo lomkhono nethambo langaphakathi elide lengalo), emlenzeni ngemva okanye imilenze (lithambo lethanga, yintungo , lithambo lesiquluba,) amagxa (ligxalaba, yingqosha) ngamahleza, ziinyawo nezandla. Imeko yentlalo: (Social patterns) Zizilo / zizidalwa eziphila zodwa, zizibini, liqela, ziintlobo ezikhethekileyo, yimihlambi, ngumkhosi, ngamathanga. Umhlaba (Soil): Lucwambu olubambekayo olukumphezulu womHlaba, lwenziwe ngomxube wamatye angalinganiyo ngokobukhulu, amatye omhlaba ahlukile, wenziwe ngeenkqunto ezibolileyo zezinto eziphefumlayo. Ubushushu bemitha yeLanga (Solar heating): Kusetyenziswa amandla avela eLangeni kutshiswe amanzi. Ilanga nezijikelezi zalo (Solar System): Ziinkwenkwezi neeplanethi, ziinyanga, zizijikelezi-Langa ezincinane, ziintshakatsholo / ngoonomgca, luthuli olujikeleza eLangeni kunye nazo. Isiqina (Solid): Yinkqunto enemilo engaguqukiyo, sithatha indawo, asinakugalelwa ntweni isiqina, amasuntswana esiqina anamathelene kakhulu. Ukuguquka kwemo yolwelo (Solidification): Xa inkqunto efana namanzi ijika isiba sisiqina. Ukuguqulwa kolwelo luqine (Solidifies) Xa ulwelo lupholayo, (lulahlekelwa bubushushu) luze luguquke lube sisiqina. Ukunyibilika (Solubility): Xa inkqunto ikwaziwa ukunyibilika. Izinto ezinyibilikayo (Soluble substances): Iimveliso ezinyibilikayo (zibengathi zinyamalele) xa zixutywe kulwelo (umzekelo: xa iswekile ixutywe namanzi). Ukukwazi ukunyibilika (Soluble): Kuxa zinokunyibilika izinto ezixutywa nolwelo (umzekelo: yiswekile). Yenza umxube (Solute): Esi sisiqina esixutywe emanzini ngoku kwaphuma umxube. Umxube okhethekileyo (Solution): Ngumxube owodwa apho isiqina, ulwelo okanye igesi ixutywe nolwelo, umzekelo: ngamanzi anetyuwa Isinyibilikisi (Solvent): Lulwelo ekuxutywa kulo isiqina.

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Isandi (Sound): Luhlobo oluthile lwamandla olwenziwa yimveliso ehlokomayo. Isandi singatyhutyha kuphela kwinkqunto, (elulwelo, esisiqina, eyigesi). Isandi asityhutyheli kwikhamte (oko kukuthi, apho kungekho moya); isandi siyemka siphuma kumajelo athile, (umzekelo: kunomathotholo / kwireyido, ezandleni eziqhwatywayo, apho kukhalinywayo, njalo-njalo); isandi siya singavakali kakuhle xa sishenxayo kwijelo esiphuma kulo. Imithombo yamandla (Source of energy): Jonga kumajelo amandla. Izidalwa eziluhlobo oluthile (Species): Zizinambuzane ezineempawu ezifanayo nezibonakalayo. Kuphela emva kochumiso zingazala uhlobo olo lwazo kuphela. Amadlozi (Sperm cells): Ziiseli zesidalwa esiyinkunzi kwicandelo ke lezilwanyana. Istameni (Stamen): Lilungu lenkunzi (lokwenza inzala) esityalweni, linala malungu: ubulembu / imisontwana kunye nomqumbi weentyatyambo, (filament and anther). Iinkwenkwezi (Stars): Zizinto ezizele ziigesi phaya emajukujukwini, zizo eziveza amandla. I-STRATA (Strata): Ngumaleko okhoyo kwi-atmosferi nobonakalayo kumatye akheke ngentlenga. Izinto (Substances): Ziindidi zenkqunto ezinakho ukuphila kwindalo okanye ezinokqwenziwa. Ilanga (Sun): Liyinkwenkwezi esembindini wezijikelezi zalo.. Uzinzo (Sustainability): Kukusetyenziswa kobutyebi bemvelo kungonakaliswanga izidalwa eziphila ndawonye zizisebenzela emmandleni wazo. Iiswitshi (Switches): Zizixhobo ezihamba nesekethe yombane, zingayivula, (ziyaphule) okanye zoyivale isekethe (ngokupheleleyo). Yindlela yokusebenza kwamalungu / kwezixhobo (System): yenziwa ngamacandelo amabini okanye amaninzi kunoko asebenzisanayo. Kulo msebenzi amandla ayadluIiswa esuswa kwelinye icandelo asiwe kwelinye.

T Ithekhnoloji (Technology): things that people have made to help them to do things and solve problems. Iqondo lobushushu (Temperature): Ngumlinganiselo wamanani ochaza ubushushu okanye ukubanda kusetyenziswa iidigrizi.zikaCelsius (°C). Inguquko yexesha elifutshane (Temporary change): Yinguquko engeyiyo ekanaphakade eyenzekayo kwinkqunto – ingabuyela kwimo yangaphambili. Izihlunu (Tendons): Yinyama edibanisa umsipha nethambo. Abalawuli / abasebenzisi abakudidi lwesithathu (Tertiary consumers): Umzekelo: ngabantu, ziingwenya, njalo-njalo. Uburhabaxa okanye ukuthamba kwenkqunto (Texture): Indlela izinto oziva ukuba zivakala njani na xa uzibambile okanye uzihlikihlayo phakathi kweminwe. INyanga (The Moon) Emajukujukwini iNyanga ingoyena mmelwane ujikelezela kufutshane nomHlaba. Amandla obushushu (Thermal energy): Ngamandla avela ebushushwini. Isixhobo sokulinganisela ubushushu bomzimba (Thermometer): Silinganisela iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni.

V Ukuveliswa kwezityalo ngokungathi zilutyani (Vegetative reproduction): Kukuveliswa kwezityalo kungasetyenziswanga mbewiu.. Olu luhlobo lokuvelisa kungachunyiswanga maqanda okuzala ezityalweni. Isityalo esingumnombo singaveza esitsha siphume esiqini sesityalo eso, engcambini yaso okanye egqabini laso.

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Zizidalwa ezinemiqolo (Vertebrates): (Ziintlanzi, zizidalwa eziphila emanzini nasemhlabeni njengamasele, zizirhubuluzi, ziintaka, zizilo ezanyisayo), ngaphakathi emizimbeni yazo (zinobugoxo bamathambo).. Intlokoma / kukuthwashuza (Vibrations): Yintshukumo ekhawulezileyo yezinto, (umzekelo: yiva intlokoma yesandisi-lizwi.). Iivithamini neeminerali (Vitamins and minerals): Kukutya okukhethekileyo okufunekayo ngemilinganiselo emincinci ukuze umzimba ukhule ude udlamke. Ukuduma kwesandi (Volume): Isandi ingaba siphantsi na okanye siphakamile? Isandi ukuphakama kwaso kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bamandla asetyenziselwa ukuvakala kwaso.

W Imiqondiso yezilumkiso / exela ingozi (Warning signs / hazard symbols): Yimiqondiso yeengozi okanye ebonisa imimandla esemngciphekweni. Umjikelo wamanzi (Water cycle): Umjikelo wendalo emanzini phakathi komhlaba, izidalwa eziphila emanzini nakwi-atmosferi, iinkqubo apho amanzi asemHlabeni atyhutyhela kwindalo esingqongileyo. Imithombo yamanzi (Water resources): Imithombo eluncedo okanye ngabatu ababonakala beluncedo. Imozulu (Weather): Liqondo lobushushu, ngumoya ovuthuzayo, yimitha yelanga kunye nemvula elinganiselwayo ngemini, imozulu yalatha imeko ye-atmosferi yendawo. (iqondo lobushushu, umoya, njalo-njalo) kummandla othile, ngexesha elithile. Amatye aguqukela kwenye imo: (Weathering rocks) Ngamatye onakaliswe kukubhudlwa ziindidi zonke zemozulu. Inguquko kwimo yenkqunto (Weathering): Ukutyumzeka nokuqhekeka kwamatye ngenxa yendalo okanye iikhemikhali: Ukuqhekeka kwamatye eqhekezwa ngumoya, ngamanzi, bubushushu nengqele. Isalatha-moya (Wind sock / Wind-vane): Sisixhobo esibonisa icala oya kulo umoya.

isigaba esiphakathi isikhokelo sikatitshala - western cape · nika amagama ezixhobo oza kuzifuna...

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