TRNG I HC NGOI THNG

TRNG I HC NGOI THNG

KHOA KINH T V KINH DOANH QUC T TIU LUN MN GIAO NHN & VN TI********

ti: Mt s gii php pht trin hot ng ca hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm tiGio vin hng dn:

Hong Th oan Trang

Nhm thc hin:

Nhm 4 A14 K45E Th Thu Tho

V Thanh H

Nguyn Phng Anh

B Phng Tho

Phm Thanh Xun

Nguyn Thu Trang

Nguyn Thy Dng

H Th Ha

Bi Th Vn Anh

Cao Phng NhiH Ni Thng 9 nm 2008LI M U

Hng khng gi r xut hin ln u tin M u nhng nm 1970 vi s ra i ca Pacific Southwest Airlines. Nh chnh sch m ca bu tri ca nhiu nc, hng khng gi r t Bc M lan rng sang chu u, ri t y sang c v chu . Hng khng gi r l mt loi hnh kinh doanh khng mi i vi cc nc pht trin nhng ti Vit Nam y vn l mt hnh thc kinh doanh mi m trong ngnh hng khng. Thut ng hng khng gi r c ngi dn Vit Nam bit n ln u tin vo nm 2003 vi s xut hin ca Lion Air (Indonesia) trn th trng hng khng Vit Nam. Vit Nam ang ni ln l mt trong nhng th trng vn ti iu kin cho hng khng gi r hot ng. Nhiu du hiu cho thy hng khng gi r s bng n ti Vit Nam vi tc tng trng cao v n nh. Trong vng 5 nm qua, nhiu hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi t vo Vit Nam, tng bc chinh phc cc khch hng Vit Nam v cnh tranh gay gt vi cc hng hng khng ni a, tiu biu l Tiger Airways, Lion Air, AirAsia, Nok Air, Jestar, Cebu Pacific. Bn cnh , hng hng khng gi r th 2 ca Vit Nam (sau Jestar Pacific) Vina AirAsia cng s c thnh lp trong tng lai, vi hai i tc gp vn l AirAsia Berhad (Malaysia) v Tp on Vinashin. C th khng nh rng hng khng gi r tuy cn mi m Vit Nam nhng t c nhng bc tin ng k. N khng ch bin nhng chuyn bay quc t khng cn l c m qu tm i vi ngi dn Vit Nam m cn gp phn rt ngn khong cch gia cc quc gia. Nhn thy th trng hng khng gi r Vit Nam l mt lnh vc mi y tim nng, chng em xin chn ti Mt s gii php pht trin hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm ti. Bi tiu lun s i vo phn tch thc trng hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong giai on 2003 2008 t gi nhng gii php thc y hot ng ca hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm ti.

B cc ca bi tiu lun gm 3 phn chnh:

Phn I: Tng quan v cc hng hng khng gi r.

Phn II: Thc trng hot ng ca ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam giai on 2003 2008.

Phn III: Mt s gii php pht trin hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm ti.

Bi tiu lun c vit di gc nhn ca sinh vin nn c th cn nhiu thiu st, chng em rt mong nhn c s gp ca thy, c gio nng cao thm hiu bit ca bn thn, cng nh c c nhng ng gp thc s hu ch v vn ny.

H Ni, ngy 17/12/2008

I. Tng quan v hng hng khng gi r

1. Khi nim v hng hng khng gi rMt hng vn ti gi thp hay hng hng khng gi r (trong ting Anh cng gi l mt hng chuyn ch/hng hng khng no-frills hay discount) l mt hng hng khng c mc gi v nhn chung thp i li vic xa b cc dch v khch hng truyn thng. Thut ng ny xut pht t trong ni b ngnh hng khng ni n cc hng hng khng vi c cu chi ph vn hnh thp hn cc i th cnh tranh ca mnh. Thng qua phng tin truyn thng, thut ng ny t tr thnh t nh ngha bt c hng chuyn ch no c gi v thp v cc dch v hn ch bt k chi ph vn hnh nh th no.

2. c im ca cc hng hng khng gi r:

Thng thng mt hng hng khng gi r c m hnh kinh doanh bao gm: Ch c mt hng gh hnh khch, c ngha l ch c mt hng v duy nht.

Ch dng mt loi my bay (thng l Airbus A320 hoc Boeing 737), mc ch nhm gim chi ph o to v vn hnh.

Ti thiu thit b chn thm trn my bay, thng l cc tin nghi hin i nh ACARS, gim thm chi ph mua v bo dng.

Mt k hach gi v n gin, nh thu gi v mt chiu 1/2 mc v kh hi (thng thng gi v tng khi my bay gn y khch, thng gi cho nhng ngi ng k sm)

Khng c t ch trc (khuyn khch hnh khch ng k ln my bay nhanh v sm)

Bay n cc sn bay r hn, sn bay th cp km tc nghn, chi ph thp v bay vo sng sm hay khuya trnh chm tr khng lu v tn dng ph h cnh thp.

Thi gian quay vng chuyn nhanh (s dng ti a my bay), chn cc tuyn bay c thi gian ngn.

Cc tuyn n gin ha, nhn mnh n vic vn chuyn im-n-im thay v trung chuyn qua mt sn bay trc (tng tn sut s dng mt my bay v xa b tnh trng chm tin do khch n tr hoc hnh l tht lc do ni chuyn).

Nhn mnh n vic bn v trc tip, c bit qua mng Internet nhm trnh ph v hoa hng tr cho cc i l du lch v h thng gi ch my tnh.

Khyn khch s dng v in t hoc khng cn v.

Ngi lm cng m trch nhiu vai tr khc nhau (tip vin bay kim lun qut dn hoc lm vic ti cng th tc) nhm hn ch chi ph nhn s.

Cc dch v n ung, bo ch min ph c loi b. Ai mun c phc v th t tr thm tin.

Chng trnh t bo him ngun nhin liu linh hot (Aggressive fuel hedging) mt loi cng c hp ng c cc hng hng khng gi r s dng nhm bnh n gi nhin liu. Hp ng ny s quy nh mt gi cc hng hng khng tr trc cho lng nhin liu h s s dng trong tng lai. Cc hng khi k hp ng ny phi nhn nh c liu gi nhin liu trong tng lai c tng hay gim. Nu gi nhin liu trong tng lai gim, v hng k mt hp ng c gi cao hn, th s buc phi tr mt khon cao hn gi th trng cho nhin liu my bay. B cc loi ph ph (qung co cc loi ph sn bay, thu nh nhng khon thu tch bit ch khng phi mt phn ca tng chi ph) lm cho gi v trn qung co c v thp hn.Khng phi bt c hng hng khng gi r no cng thc hin tt c cc im k trn. Tuy nhin trn y l cc c trng chung m phn ln cc hng hng khng gi r p dng cho mnh.3. Lch s ra i v pht trin:

Hng khng gi r xut hin ln u tin M - ni m ngi dn c mc sng thuc hng cao nht th gii v ngy nay n tr nn quen thuc Bc M v Ty u. u nhng nm 1970 ca th k trc (c th l nm 1971), hai nh kinh doanh Herb Kelleher v Rollin King M khai ph mt loi dch v hng khng cha tng c trong tin l vi tn ch phc v nhng hnh khch ch cn di chuyn t ni ny n ni kia mt cch nhanh chng, ng gi vi chi ph ti thiu. Southwest Airlines tr thnh hng tin phong trong lnh vc ny v n nay chng t s thnh cng ca mnh bng vic gia nhp nhm 5 hng vn chuyn khng l M. Lc u, Southwest Airlines ch "mon men" khai thc cc chuyn bay ngn quanh qun Dallat, Houston, San Francisco... Khng ng, s khch hng hng ng khng ngng tng, ch sau hai nm, Southwest Airlines bt u c li, m ra thi k "hong kim". Vi s lng khch vn chuyn mi nm, Southwest Airlines hin l hng hng khng ln nht nc M v ln th hai trn th gii. Cng vi vic bi b quy nh hn ch m ng bay, loi hnh hng khng gi r t Bc M lan rng sang chu u. Nm 1991, hng Ryanair (Ireland) ra i, ri EasyJet (Thy in) vo nm 1995. Sau 17 nm hot ng, Ryanair m rng c trn 653 ng bay vi 27 tr s. EasyJet hot ng trn c cc chuyn bay ni a v quc t vi 387 tuyn bay, kt ni 104 sn bay chu u v Bc Phi. So v quy m, Easyjet vn ng sau Ryanair. Ryanair v EasyJet hin l hai hng hng khng gi r tn tui nht chu u.Khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng chng kin s bng n trn th trng hng khng gi r t nm 2000. Hng Hng khng AirAsia ca Malaysia nhanh chng m rng v tr thnh hng hng khng gi r ln trong khu vc, chuyn khai thc cc chuyn bay ti nhng lc a nh. S thnh cng ca AirAsia lm pht sinh mt lot cc hng hng khng gi r khc nh Tiger Airways ca Singapore v Jetstar ca c. n nay, chu c hn 60 hng hng khng gi r hot ng. Chnh sch m ca bu tri v cc hip nh hng khng song phng gia cc quc gia khu vc i km vi hi nhp kinh t, vn ho ang khin cho th trng hng khng chu tr thnh khu vc tng trng nhanh nht th gii.

4. C s vt cht k thut v ngun nhn lc ca hng khng gi r

4.1. C s vt cht k thut

4.1.1. My bay

Hu ht cc hng hng khng gi r xut hin vo cui thp k khi m hng lot mu my bay mi vi mc m bo cao nht v an ton c ra i phc v nhu cu i li gia cc quc gia. Ngoi vic s hu nhng my bay mi, hng khng gi r cng c bit ch s dng mt loi my bay (thng l Airbus A320 hoc Boeing 737). My bay Boeing 737 c s dng ph bin vi cc hng hng khng gi r trn khp th gii. Vi vic ch s dng mt loi my bay trong i bay, hng khng gi r tit kim c chi ph sa cha v vic o to, hun luyn nhn vin d dng hn mt s loi my bay khc. ng thi, ti thiu thit b chn thm trn my bay, thng l cc tin nghi hin i nh ACARS, gim thm chi ph mua v bo dng. ng thi, trn my bay cng ch c mt hng gh hnh khch, khng phn chia cc khoang sang trng v cc khoang thng thng.4.1.2. Sn bay

Cc hng hng khng gi r thng bay ti nhng sn bay nh, sn bay th cp km tc nghn hoc cc ga dnh ring cho hng khng gi r gim chi ph mt t. Cc sn bay truyn thng thng c y cc trang thit b hin i, nhiu sn bay cn cung cp c nhng dch v cao cp nh rp chiu phim, khu vui chi, trung tm thng mi. Ngc li, cc sn bay, nh ga dnh cho hng khng gi r thng ch c nhng thit b v tin nghi n gin, h thng lm th tc nhanh trn Internet. iu ny gip chnh cc sn bay ny tit kim rt nhiu chi ph iu hnh v duy tr hot ng. 4.1.3. H thng bn v

Thng qua vic khuyn khch bn v in t trc tuyn hoc qua in thoi, hng khng gi r tip th gi v thp hn rt nhiu do khng phi tr hoa hng cho i l du lch, h thng gi ch my tnh hoc chi ph cho tin in n v. Thng thng, cc hng ny mun hn ch mc thp nht cc chi ph trung gian nhm gim thiu chi ph nn h thng khuyn khch khch hng ca mnh s dng v in t hoc thm ch c th khng cn v. V in t (e-ticket) c s dng thay cho mt tha thun mua ch trn mt chuyn bay ca mt hng hng khng vn chuyn khc, thng thng qua mt website hoc bng in thoi. Dng v my bay ny ang nhanh chng thay th loi v giy truyn thng. Trong khi v giy vn cn c s dng, cc hng hng khng thng thu thm ph i vi vic in v giy. V in t cng c nhiu a im vui chi gii tr s dng. Mt khi s gi ch c thc hin, mt v in t tn ti ch di dng ghi nh s trong cc my tnh ca hng hng khng. Khch hng thng in mt bn bin nhn c cha nhng thng tin lin quan n vic t ch nh: chuyn bay, s v v s t ch. lm th tc ng k ln my bay, hnh khch thng phi n quy check-in v trnh m xc nhn hoc gi ch. Trong nhiu hng hng khng, khng cn thit phi trnh m th v vic xc nhn ch da trn s cn cc ca khch hng. Sau khi xc nhn gi ch, khch s c lm th tc gi hnh l v ly th ln my bay.4.2. Ngun nhn lc

Hng khng gi r c mng li hot ng rng vi ngun nhn lc c ngnh ngh a dng t phi cng, k s in t, tin hc, thit k website cho ti nhn vin vn phng v ti chnh. Nhn vin ca cc hng ny c th m trch nhiu vai tr khc nhau (tip vin bay kim lun qut dn hoc lm vic ti cng th tc) nhm hn ch chi ph nhn s, i ng tip vin v ngi phc v cng c tinh gin n mc ti a: thng thng ch c 3 ti 5 tip vin hng khng trn mt chuyn bay. Khong cch gia cc chuyn bay cng c rt ngn ti a c th s dng my bay cng nh phi hnh on hiu qu nht. Thm ch nh trng hp ca hng hng khng gi r Tiger Airways ca Singapore, vn phng i din H Ni ca hng ny ch c mt nhn vin vi nhng tin nghi vn phng cng mc ti thiu.II. Thc trng v nh gi thc trng hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong giai on 2003 20081. Thc trng hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong giai on 2003 - 2008

1.1. Cc hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi

Cng vi s pht trin ca loi hnh hng khng gi r trn th gii, c bit l khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng, hng hng khng gi r u tin thm nhp th trng Vit Nam l Lion Air ca Indonesia. Lion Air khai trng ng bay TP. H Ch Minh - Jakarta vi tn sut 4 chuyn/tun vo thng 12 nm 2003. Tuy nhin, ch n khi c s xut hin ca Tiger Airways (Singapore) v Thai AirAsia (Thi Lan) vo nm 2005 th th trng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam mi thc s tr nn si ng. Giai on 2006 2008 nh du s bng n ca hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam khi mt lot cc hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi b vo th trng y tim nng ny. Nm 2006, AirAsia (Malaysia) v JetStar (c), 2 trong s cc hng hng khng gi r hng u khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng c mt v nhanh chng gt hi thnh cng ti Vit Nam. Cui nm 2007 u nm 2008, th trng trong nc chng kin thm s gp mt ca hng lot cc hng hng khng gi r mi nh Nok Air (Thi Lan) trn ng bay Bangkok H Ni, Cebu Pacific (Philipin) trn cc tuyn Manila TP. H Ch Minh v Manila H Ni. Thng 9 nm 2008, Viva Macau (Macau Trung Quc) chnh thc tr thnh hng hng khng gi r u tin ti Vit Nam khai thc ng bay thng TP. H Ch Minh Macau. ng ch l s tr li ca Lion Air (Indonesia), hng hng khng gi r u tin c cp thng quyn n Vit Nam (nm 2003) nhng ngng bay do th trng cha ln. Thng 12 nm 2007, hng ny c cp li thng quyn nhng n thng 4 nm 2008 mi chnh thc m ng bay Jakarta Singapore TP. H Ch Minh.Tuy nhin, nm 2008 l nm cc hng hng khng th gii lm vo giai on cc k kh khn do nh hng ca cuc khng hong ti chnh v gi du tng cao. Mc d Vit Nam vn c nh gi l mt im sng trong th trng vn ti hng khng khu vc, ngoi tr cc hng ln nh AirAsia, JetStar Airways v Tiger Airways c v nh t chu nh hng t cuc khng hong, hot ng ca cc hng gi r khc u c xu hng gim st. Sau khi hng hng khng gi r Thi Lan Nok Air rt lui trn ng bay cnh tranh khc lit l H Ni Bangkok t lch bay ma h th bt u t cui thng 10 nm 2008, Cebu Pacific cng ngng khai thc tuyn Manila H Ni. Nh vy, sau s xm nhp mnh m ca hng lot cc hng hng khng gi r vo th trng Vit Nam, n cui nm 2008, th trng c du hiu chng li.1.2. Cc hng hng khng gi r ca Vit NamS pht trin nhanh chng ca cc hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi khin cc hng hng khng ni a khng th ng ngoi cuc. c thnh lp t nm 1991 v l hng hng khng th hai ti Vit Nam sau Vietnam Airlines, thng 02 nm 2007, Pacific Airlines chuyn i ng b thnh hng hng khng gi r u tin Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, trc thc trng kinh doanh khng my hiu qu, thng 3 nm 2008, Pacific Airlines i tn thnh Jetstar Pacific (Cng ty c phn hng khng Jetstar Pacific Airlines). y l kt qu ca s kt hp gia hng hng khng Jetstar Airways,hng hng khng gi r ca c thuc tp on Qantas v Pacific Airlines di hnh thc nhng quyn thng hiu (franchising). Sau khi i tn, Jetstar Pacific c gng iu chnh, thch ng nhng kt qu kinh doanh vn khng tt. Trong 10 thng u nm 2008, vn chuyn hnh khch ca hng tng gn 70% so vi cng k nm trc, h s gh t 82%, hot ng an ton tuyt i, nhng ring v ti chnh th vn l kh nng. Theo Tng cng ty u t v Kinh doanh vn Nh nc (SCIC), tnh hnh kinh doanh ca hng hng khng ny ang gp rt nhiu kh khn. Ch tnh ring 6 thng u nm 2008, hng thua l ti 10,7 triu la v tnh n thng 10, con s ny vo khong 22 triu la, nng tng s l ly k ca cng ty ln gn 55 triu la. Hin SCIC ang nm 75,78% c phn ca Jetstar Pacific Airlines, Tng cng ty Du lch Si gn (Saigon Tourist) 6,18%, Qantas 18% v ng Lng Hoi Nam, Tng gim c Jetstar Pacific, nm 0,4%. Tnh hnh lm n thua l khin Jestar Pacific ang rt kh khn v lung tin, cc c ng ln phi ng thm tin theo t l c phn nm gi m bo hot ng ca cng ty. Theo c tnh, Jestar Pacific cn c b sung mt khon vn khong 30- 35 triu USD trong nm 2009 c th ng vng.Trc sc p ngy cng ln, ngy 3 thng 10 nm 2008, SCIC kin ngh Th tng cho php Qantas nng t l nm gi c phn ln 49% nh mt gii php tho g d Lut Hng khng quy nh r: Mt c nhn hoc mt php nhn nc ngoi khng chim qu 30% vn iu l ca hng hng khng c vn u t nc ngoi. Tnh trng trn ca Jetstar Pacific cng vi vic hng ang hot ng di thng hiu v hnh nh ca Jetstar Airways t ra mt mi lo ngi v vic hng hng khng ny s b nh u t nc ngoi thn tnh nh trng hp ca Coca Cola trc y.

Trc sc ht qu ln ca th trng hng khng gi r, ngy 31 thng 8 nm 2007, AirAsia Berhad (Malaysia) v Tp on cng nghip Tu thy Vit Nam (Vinashin) k vn bn hp tc lin doanh thnh lp hng hng khng gi r th 2 ti Vit Nam vi tn gi Vina AirAsia. Lin doanh ny s c vn php nh c tnh 30 triu la M v s c xy dng da trn m hnh hng khng gi r AirAsia hin nay. Mc d cha np n ln Cc Hng khng nhng tng thnh lp hng hng khng gi r th hai Vit Nam vp phi nhiu kin phn i do lo ngi vic ny s to tin l cho cc hng hng khng nc ngoi lch lut cng nh nm quyn qun l, iu hnh, hng li t vic s dng ng bay ca Vit Nam. Vina AirAsia, nu chnh thc i vo hot ng vi t cch thnh vin ca i gia nh AirAsia cng vi Maylaysia AirAsia, Thai AirAsia v Indonesia AirAsia, s tr thnh mt mi e da ln i vi cc hng hng khng ang hot ng trn th trng Vit Nam.2. nh gi thc trng hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong giai on 2003 20082.1. Thnh tu

Mc d hng khng gi r mi ch xut hin Vit Nam trong khong thi gian ngn, cc hng hng khng kinh doanh dch v ny trn th trng Vit Nam t c mt s thnh tu ng k.Th nht, nh ni trn, ch trong vng cha y 5 nm, hng khng gi r xm nhp mnh m vo th trng Vit Nam. Trong s gn 40 hng hng khng quc t ang khai thc ng bay n Vit Nam, c n gn 10 hng hot ng theo m hnh hng khng gi r. Hn na, thay v phi xp hng ch nh trc, hin nay cc hng hng khng mun m ng bay n TP. H Ch Minh u c cp php theo tha thun ca Hip nh Hng khng gia hai quc gia. y l c hi thun li cc hng n sau cng c th tham gia vo th trng y tim nng ny.Th hai, hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r gp phn khng nh vo s tng trng ca th trng vn ti hng khng Vit Nam, gip Vit Nam gi c v tr trong top 10 ca th trng hng khng chu v l th trng quan trng ca khu vc chu Thi Bnh Dng, mc d ang chu chung nhng kh khn ca ngnh hng khng ton cu (theo Hip hi vn ti hng khng quc t IATA).Th ba, s xut hin ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam lm tng ng k nng lc vn chuyn ca vn ti hng khng trn th trng nc ta. Hng khng gi r thc s p ng nhu cu vn chuyn hng khng ca b phn khch hng Vit Nam c thu nhp thp vn chim phn khng nh ti y, ng thi gp phn thu hp khong cch gia Vit Nam v th gii.Th t, s ra i v hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam lm tng tnh cnh tranh gia cc hng hng khng. Cng vi cc chng trnh khuyn mi siu r, cc hng v ang mang li nhiu s la chn cho khch hng i bng ng hng khng.Tuy nhin, thnh tu ln nht m cuc chin cnh tranh ginh th phn ny mang n chnh l vic gi v trn cc ng bay gim ng k. Hin ti, k lc gi v thp nht ang thuc v Air Asia vi mc 0 USD cho chng TP. H Ch Minh - Kuala Lumpur (cha bao gm thu v ph ph). Ngay c hng hng khng truyn thng Vietnam Airlines cng phi gim gi v hoc c chnh sch gi mi uyn chuyn hn. in hnh trn tuyn bay H Ni - Bangkok, Vietnam Airlines lin tc khuyn mi, c thi im gi r ch bng 1/2 thi im cha c cc hng gi r cnh tranh. Th phn ca Vietnam Airlines trn tuyn bay ny cng thay i khi ch c 1 - 20%, trong khi Air Asia chim 27%, Thai Airways chim 45% cn li l ca Air France v Nok Air. R rng khch hng l nhng ngi c hng li nhiu nht t cuc chin cnh tranh gi gia cc hng hng khng nh hin nay.Cui cng, hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam gp phn thc y du lch do chi ph di chuyn thp lm gim ng k gi cc tour du lch. Bn cnh , vic p dng hnh thc bn v qua mng v thanh ton trc tuyn cng mang li s tin li ln cho khch hng. Theo ch V Yn Hng, Vn phng i din Tng cc Du lch Singapore ti Vit Nam, gi v my bay ang chim 60 - 70% gi tour. Sau khi xut hin dch v hng khng gi r, lng khch du lch ng k n Vit Nam tng vt, c bit l ln sng du lch ca gii tr. S liu ca Tng cc Thng k cho thy 10 thng u nm nay c gn 261700 lt khch quc t n Vit Nam bng ng hng khng, nng tng s khch s dng hng khng ln trn 2,7 triu lt, tng 25% so vi cng k nm ngoi. Lng khch ni a i du lch nc ngoi cng tng ln ng k.2.2. Hn ch v nguyn nhn

2.2.1. Hn ch

Bn cnh nhng thnh tu t c, hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam vn cn nhiu hn ch cn khc phc.u tin phi k n vic cc hng hng khng gi r vn cha thc s chim c lng tin ca khch hng v nhiu ngi Vit Nam vn cn ngn ngi trong vic la chn hng khng gi r thay th hng khng truyn thng.

C s ca s thiu lng tin vo cc hng hng khng gi r xut pht t vic rt t ngi c th mua c v r nh qung co m cc hng ny a ra. Trn mt chuyn bay hn 100 ch ngi, cc hng ch nh lng mt s gh rt t bn gi r. S lng v gi r nhiu hay t ph thuc vo s khch ng k i trn chuyn bay m hng d bo. Trc chuyn bay vi ngy, cc hng d bo kh chnh xc s lng khch i trn chuyn bay, cng nh cn trng bao nhiu gh. S lng gh trng ny s thuc din p dng chnh sch v gi r. Trong trng hp khch ng k bay sm, hng s ch ng phn phi gi v r cho cc chuyn bay lp ch trng v to ting l chuyn no cng c ngi mua c v gi r ht khch. Thm vo , khi qung co, cc hng c tnh nhn mnh vo gi r, khin nhiu ngi tng c chuyn bay p dng gi v y. Trn thc t, khch hng phi b ra t nht l gp i s tin nh qung co mi c tm v hng xong, cn nu mua v xn hn phi tn gp hng chc ln. Hn na, iu kin mua c v gi r li rt kh p ng i vi i b phn khch hng Vit Nam nh phi c th tn dng hay phi t v trc mt thi gian di. Thm vo , nhn vin ca cc hng ny khi c hi li thng a l nhng li gii thch lng nhng, kh hiu, gy kh chu cho ngi mua. Rt nhiu ngi ho hc khi nghe tin c hng khng gi r nhng khi tm mua v ca cc hng ny th h khng khi tht vng, c ngi rt bc bi v hy chuyn, thm ch c ngi cn cho rng h b la.Mt l do na khin nhiu khch hng e ngi vic s dng hng khng gi r l mc an ton ca cc chuyn bay. Yu cu ti thiu ha chi ph lun t ra mi lo ngi v vic cc hng hng khng gi r ct gim cng tc bo dng hoc gim lng nhn vin khin nguy c mt an ton ngy cng cao. Bn cnh , hu ht cc hng hng khng gi r Chu hin nay u khai thc nhng my bay c tui khai thc cao, c v tiu hao nhiu nhin liu. Phn ln cc hng hng khng gi r trong khu vc vn s dng Boeing 737 v Airbus A320 hoc A321 vi tui i 10 - 15 nm. Hn na, cc v tai nn my bay gi r trong thi gian qua cng khin nhiu ngi lo lng. u nm mi 2007, mt chic Boeing 737-400 ca hng hng khng gi r Adam Air (Indonesia) lao xung bin lm cht ton b 102 ngi. c bit, v tai nn my bay thm khc ti Phuket (Thi Lan) vo thng 9 nm 2007 ca One - Two - Go, mt hng hng khng gi r ca nc ny, mt ln na lm dy ln cu hi v mc an ton ca cc hng hng khng gi r ng Nam khi cc hng ny ang pht trin vi tc chng mt. Bn cnh , nhiu ngi ang t ra bt bnh v cung cch phc v ca hng khng gi r, nht l sau v mt s v tai ting ca Pacific Airlines (trc y) hay JetStar Pacific (hin nay). Thng 8 nm 2007, ng Phm Vn Tn, ng ti thnh ph H Ch Minh, thay mt v mnh khi kin Pacific Airlines v thiu s h tr vi hnh khch b khuyt tt ln chuyn bay. Mc d sau Pacific Airlines thng kin, v vic trn vn gy ra nhiu lung d lun tiu cc. V vic nh m gn y l vo ngy 11 thng 11 nm 2008, mt nhn vin thuc Trung tm phc v mt t sn bay Tn Sn Nht ca Jetstar Pacific Airlines b t co nh vo mt khch hng sau khi gia hai ngi ny ra ci v. Nguyn nhn bt ngun t vic v khch ny ti khiu ni vi hng khi chuyn bay ca mnh b hon. Nh vy, c th khng nh rng nhng v vic ni trn nh hng rt xu ti hnh nh ca JetStar Pacific ni ring v dch v hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam ni chung trong thi gian qua.Cui cng, tuy pht trin kh rm r nhng cc tuyn bay gi r ti Vit Nam cha phong ph. Phn ln cc tuyn bay ch dng li khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng, c bit l ng Nam khi cc nh cung cp dch v hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam u n t cc quc gia thuc khu vc ny. Mc d c im ca cc hng hng khng gi r l p dng i vi cc chuyn bay ngn, hin nay nhiu hng thnh cng trong vic kt hp hnh thc hng khng gi r cho c chng bay di v ngn, nh hng AirAsia ca Malaysia vi lin doanh AirAsiaX hay hng Oasis ca Hong Kong. Tuy nhin, ng tic l cc hng ny vn cha c mt Vit Nam.2.2.2. Nguyn nhn

2.2.2.1. Nguyn nhn khch quan

Hng lot cc nguyn nhn khch quan ang nh hng xu n kh nng a ra gi v thp cho cc chuyn bay, iu vn l li th cnh tranh ln nht ca cc hng hng khng gi r. u tin, i vi kinh doanh hng khng, chi ph nhin liu l yu t c tnh cht quyt nh n li nhun. Vic gi du tng ti gn 80% trong nm nay khin tt c cc hng ng trc nguy c thua l nng n. Hip hi vn ti hng khng quc t (IATA) d bo ngnh hng khng ton cu nm 2008 s b l khong 2,3 t USD, ch yu do gi nhin liu tng cao. Vo u thng 4 nm 2008, gi nhin liu my bay JET A-1 t mc k lc trn 140 la M/thng, tng khong 55% so vi gi k hoch ca Vietnam Airlines. y l mc gi nhin liu c coi l cao nht trong lch s. Cc hng hng khng hot ng ti th trng Vit Nam cng ang tm mi cch xoay x ng vng trc cn bo ny, c bit l cc hng hng khng gi r vn sinh sau mun hn cc hng hng khng truyn thng. Gii php thng c cc hng p dng khi phi i mt vi tnh trng gi du tng cao l thu ph ph nhin liu dn ti h qu tt yu l gi v thc t tng ln.Ngoi ra, bin ng t gi v tnh trng cc loi ph ti cng hng khng tng cng dn n vic gim ng k li th cnh tranh v gi ca cc hng hng khng gi r.2.2.2.2. Nguyn nhn ch quan

Nhng yu km v c s vt cht ang l mt tr ngi rt ln cho vic pht trin loi hnh hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam. Ngay c hai sn bay quc t ln nht ti Vit Nam l Ni Bi (H Ni) v Tn Sn Nht (TP. H Ch Minh) cng thng xuyn ri vo tnh trng qu ti v xung cp nghim trng. Thm vo , vic khng c cc sn bay dnh ring cho hng khng gi r hay cha xy dng nhng ga n c bit cho hng khng gi r ti cc sn bay hin nay cng l mt hn ch ln, khi cc hng hng khng gi r thng bay ti nhng sn bay nh gim chi ph mt t. Hin nay, c Singapore v Kuala Lumpur m ca ga dnh ring cho cc hng hng khng gi r v cung cp cc c s vt cht c bn hnh khch vn cm thy thun tin khi s dng dch v ny.C ch chnh sch v mi trng kinh doanh khng thun li cng gy nh hng khng nh ti s pht trin ca hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam, in hnh l c ch qun l trn gi v v biu hin c quyn trong vic p t gi dch v hng khng v cung cp nhin liu. Trn thc t, ngnh hng khng Vit Nam vn cn c bo h kh k cng. Ti sn bay quc t Ni Bi, hin nay ch c Tng cng ty Cng Hng khng min Bc v cc n v thuc Tng cng ty Hng khng Vit Nam (Vietnam Airlines) c tham gia khai thc dch v mt t. Gn y, khi va hay tin Vinashin v Air Asia tuyn b lin doanh thnh lp hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam, Vietnam Airlines v Pacific Airlines c vn bn kin ngh gi ln Chnh ph. Tnh trng c quyn v cung cp nhin liu cng gy kh khn khng nh cho cc hng hng khng gi r. V vic cng ty C phn Xng du hng khng (Vinapco) ngng cp xng du cho my bay ca Jetstar Pacific hi thng 4 nm 2008 khin nhiu doanh nghip hng khng thc s lo lng. Bn cnh , vic quy nh khung gi v i vi vn ti hng khng hin nay khng cn thch hp bi cng nh cc loi phng tin khc, vn ti hng khng ph thuc vo th trng vt t, xng du th gii. Khi gi c xng du, vt t my bay trn th trng quc t bin ng th gi v trn c th lm hn ch kh nng kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Mt thc t l hin nay ti Vit Nam cha c c quan no kim tra, gim st v cp giy chng nhn chohng khng gi r, cng khng c bt k b lut, quy nh, tiu chun an ton v c quan cp php no dnh ring cho hng khng gi r. Cc Hng khng Vit Nam l c quan kim tra, gim st v cp php da trn lut chung v cc quy nh chung. y cng l nguyn nhn khin hng khng gi r Vit Nam cha thc s pht trin v ginh c nim tin ca khch hng.

Thi quen ca khch hng Vit Nam cng l mt tr ngi cho s pht trin ca hng khng gi r. Do thng mi in t ti Vit Nam cha pht trin, ngi dn cha c thi quen lp k hoch i li mua v sm nn nhiu ngi cha c c hi mua c nhng loi v gi r. Ngay c hng thnh cng nht vi vic bn v qua mng ti Vit Nam l Air Asia cng mi t mc 60% khch mua trc tip trn Internet. Cui cng, nhiu hng hng khng gi r v c bit l cc hng hng khng ca Vit Nam ang phi i mt vi tnh trnh thiu nhn lc trm trng. Nm 2008 cng l nm nh du mt cuc rt ui v nhn lc trong ngnh. Ngay c khi Vietnam Airlines mt mnh mt sn, hng ny cng lun trong tnh trng thiu phi cng, tip vin v k thut vin. i vi cc hng hng khng Vit Nam, vic thu c phi cng vo thi im ny l cc k kh khn v khng c nhiu s la chn. Vic ginh git nhn lc s cn xy ra i vi lc lng tip vin, nhn vin k thut, nhn vin thng mi khi m Jestar Pacific Airlines ang tip tc m rng mng ng bay v Vietjet ang hnh thnh b my ca mnh. nhng v tr cao hn, c Pacific v Vietjet u phi cu ngoi binh khi khng th tm kim c nhn lc trong nc. Cc gim c ph trch thng mi hay an ton ca hai hng ny u l ngi nc ngoi. Bn cnh vic o to, tuyn m nhn lc mi th vic gi chn nhng ngi ti cng v cng vt v. Cuc chin nhn lc chc chn s gy ra nhiu kh khn cho cc hng hng khng ti Vit Nam ni chung v cc hng hng khng gi r ni ring. y mnh hn na hot ng v gi vng tc tng trng, cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam cn nhanh chng khc phc nhng hn ch nu, qua gp phn pht trin th trng hng khng ti Vit Nam trong thi gian ti.III. Mt s gii php pht trin hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm ti

1. Phng hng pht trin cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm ti

1.1. To iu kin cho s ra i v hot ng ca cc hng hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam nhiu hn na

Xu hng kinh doanh hng khng gi r c Hip hi vn ti hng khng quc t (IATA) nhn nh ngy cng ph bin chu ni chung v Vit Nam ni ring. Trong vng 5 nm qua, rt nhiu hng hng khng gi r nhn thy tim nng to ln ca th trng Vit Nam v y mnh vic thit lp cc ng bay mi n Vit Nam nh: Air Asia, Nok air, Silkair, JetStar v mi y l s gia nhp ca hng hng khng gi r Cebu Pacific (Philipin), Dragonair (HongKong). Trong tng lai, s cn nhiu hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi tm n th trng Vit Nam. Nguyn nhn l th trng hng khng Vit Nam c tc tng trng cao, n nh, c tnh khong 6%/nm (theo d on ca tp on Boeing). Thm vo , ngi Vit Nam rt nhy cm v gi nn hng khng gi r s to c sc ht ln. Thay v ch nhng ngi c thu nhp cao mi c hng dch v hng khng, gi y tng lp c thu nhp thp cng c nhiu c hi hn s dng my bay lm phng tin i li.Khng km cnh cc hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi, hng hng khng gi r th 2 ca Vit Nam vi tn gi Vina AirAsia cng sp ra i trn c s hp tc lin doanh gia AirAsia Berhad (Malaysia) v Tp on cng nghip Tu thy Vit Nam (Vinashin). Vina AirAsia ha hn s tr thnh mi e a vi cc hng hng khng khc trn th trng hng khng Vit Nam khi chnh thc i vo hot ng.

1.2. Chin lc cnh tranh v gi tip tc tr thnh mi nhn cnh tranh hng u ca cc hng hng khng gi r

n tng u tin v Tiger Airway khi hng ny t chn n Vit Nam l vic hng cung cp gi v cnh tranh v hp dn i vi khch hng mc gi m ngi dn khng th mua c cc hng hng khng truyn thng. Vo thi im u nm 2005, khi mi c mt Vit Nam, Tiger Airway tung ra mc gi 25 USD (cha bao gm thu) cho chuyn bay t H Ni hoc TP. H Ch Minh i Singapore. Ch ph ny tng ng vi chi ph vn chuyn t thnh ph H Ch Minh ra min Trung bng xe v r hn 80% gi v my bay thng thng c cng ng bay. Hin nay, mc gi i vi tuyn bay H Ni Singapore l 160 USD cho chiu i v 180 USD cho chiu ngc li, tuyn bay H Ch Minh Singapore dao ng t 32 78 USD cho chiu i v 90 162 USD cho chiu ngc li.Hng hng khng gi r hng u Chu AirAsia cng va a ra nhng mc gi ht sc hp dn. K t ny 11/11/2008, hng bt u b ton b ph ph xng du cho tt c cc chuyn bay quc t v ni a, k c cc chuyn bay ng di. Nh , gi v my bay ca AirAsia cc chng t H Ni i Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur v ngc li, TP. H Ch Minh i Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur v ngc li gim 25 32 USD. Ngoi ra, dp ny hng cn khi ng mt chng trnh khuyn mi c bit 500.000 v min cc nhm khng nh v tr dn u trn th trng Chu . AirAsia hng ti mc tiu t mc gi thp cnh tranh nhng vn m bo an ton cho hnh khch. Trong tng lai, mc gi s cn gim xung na. iu ny cng thch thc cc hng hng khng truyn thng phi xem xt v cn i gi v, hp l ha chi ph c th cnh tranh c vi cc hng hng khng gi r.

1.3. Cc hng ch trng pht trin m rng cc ng bay, tng s chuyn bay chim u th v ginh git th trng

Th trng hng khng gi r Vit Nam ngy cng bng n, tr thnh bu tri m c ca nhiu hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi. Trong xu hng cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt v m rng th phn, cc hng s mong mun gia tng hn na cc chuyn bay n v i t Vit Nam. Ngy 29/9/2008, hng hng khng gi r AirAsia thng bo s tng s chuyn bay t Kuala Lumpur v Bangkok n TP. H Ch Minh t ngy 26/10 ti p ng nhu cu ca hnh khch. y l mt th trng m hng phi theo ui rt lu c c quyn kinh doanh. C th, i vi tuyn Kuala Lumpur thnh ph H Ch Minh s tng t 7 chuyn/tun ln 11 chuyn/tun, tuyn Bangkok TP. H Ch Minh s tng t 4 chuyn/tun ln 7 chuyn/tun. ng thi, AirAsia cng c k hoch m thm nhiu ng bay mi Vit Nam n cc a im du lch ni ting ca Malaysia.Mt hng hng khng gi r khc l Tiger Airways cng va quyt nh s tng thm t nht 1 chuyn bay gia H Ni v Singapore khi cng sut gh lun tng trng tt.

Cc hng hng khng gi r khc cng tch cc tm kim v khai thc cc tuyn ng bay mi. Bn cnh hai im bay quen thuc v c nhiu hng khai thc l H Ni v TP. H Ch Minh, nhiu hng ang hng vo nhng im bay tim nng nh Hu, Nng1.4. Xu th lin minh ang ni ln l xu th chnh ca ngnh hng khng v hng khng gi r cng khng nm ngoi lungHng khng gi r tip tc to ra nhng thnh cng to ln th trng Chu ni chung v Vit Nam ni ring. Trong xu hng cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt, nhiu hng chn gii php l lin minh vi nhau cng pht trin, khai thc v m rng th trng. Trn th gii, xu th ny khng cn mi m. Cc hng hng khng truyn thng khng th cnh tranh trc tip vi cc hng hng khng gi r v gi v, v th gii php h la chn l thnh lp mt hng hng khng gi r khc cnh tranh. Nhng bng chng tiu biu l vo nm 2004, hng hng khng quc gia Singapore thit lp hng hng khng gi r l Tiger Airways cnh tranh vi hng hng khng gi r khc l Valuair, Qantas Airlines (c) thnh lp Jetstar cnh tranh vi i th Virgin Blueu nm 2007, ba hng hng khng hng u trn th gii l Virgin Atlantic (Anh), AirAsia (Malaysia) v EasytJet (Thy in) tuyn b s thnh lp mt lin minh ton cu, ng tr s ti Malaysia, nhm phc v cc tuyn bay ng di gi r, thc hin c m v mt mng li hng khng gi r u tin trn th gii.Vit Nam cng i theo xu hng ny vi s ra i ca Jetstar Pacific (s kt hp gia Pacific Airlines ca Vit Nam v Jetstar ca c theo hnh thc nhng quyn thng hiu) v k hoch thnh lp lin doanh hng khng gi r gia AirAsia Berhad (Malaysia) v Tp on Vinashin. Trong tng lai, khi loi hnh hng khng gi r ngy cng pht trin Vit Nam, vic cc tp on kinh t, cc hng hng khng trong nc lin kt vi cc hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi s m ra c hi khai thc tt hn tim nng to ln ca t nc, v mc tiu em li cho ngi dn c thu nhp thp dch v hng khng cht lng vi gi c hp l.1.5. Nng cao an ton l mt trong nhng hng pht trin bn vng ca hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam.

Ni lo ln nht ca nhng khch hng s dng dch v hng khng gi r l s an ton ca cc chuyn bay. Cc hng hng khng gi r a ra c mc gi r v hp dn ngi mua l do h ti thiu ha cc chi ph. Tuy nhin, vn c nhng v tai nn my bay thm khc xy ra m nguyn nhn xut pht t vic s dng cc my bay qu c v thiu an ton. Trong tng lai, tip tc pht trin v nng cao sc cnh tranh trn th trng hng khng ni chung v th trng hng khng gi r ni ring, cc hng ny phi khng ngng nng cao an ton, s dng cc loi my bay tiu chun, nh k bo dng my v ng c, tun th nghim ngt cc tiu chun an ton hng khng. y l nh hng pht trin mang tnh sng cn cho s pht trin ca hng khng gi r, khng ch m bo mi ngi u cng bay m l mi ngi u cng bay an ton.2. Mt s gii php pht trin hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam trong 10 nm ti

2.1. Gii php cho cc hng hng khng gi r

Vit Nam l mt nc ng dn vi hn 80 triu ngi, phn ln dn s nm trong tui lao ng c nhu cu i li lm vic, hc tp v du lch rt cao. a l Vit Nam c bit tri di t Bc vo Nam nn nhu cu i li bng ng hng khng rt ln v khng ngng tng ln. Tuy nhin, thu nhp ca ngi dn Vit Nam hin nay tng i thp dn n chi ph cho mt chuyn bay ni a hay quc t chim mt phn ln trong thu nhp. Trong bi cnh , vic cc hng hng khng gi r ang cnh tranh nhau bng gi v khai thc hng lot ng bay mi l hon ton hp l.Tuy nhin vi tc pht trin kinh t mnh nh hin nay, ch mt vi nm na vic cnh tranh bng gi v theo chiu rng nh hin nay t ra khng my hiu qu. Cc hng ngoi vic cung cp cc chuyn bay vi v gi r cnh tranh vi cc hng hng khng truyn thng cn cn phi cnh tranh bng cc hnh thc phi gi cnh tranh vi chnh cc hng hng khng gi r khc na. Cc hnh thc bao gm:

Qung co

i vi th trng Vit Nam, lng ngi dn tin vo qung co chim t l ln, nht l qung co qua cc phng tin truyn thng i chng nh tivi, i, hay qua cc n phm nh bo, tp ch. c bit, hin nay Internet tr thnh knh qung co ch o v c hiu qu nht ca cc hng hng khng gi r. Khuyn mi

Nhm kch thch v to ra nhu cu i li cho ngi dn, khuyn mi trong nhng dp c bit, hay t to ra nhng dp c bit khuyn mi l bin php cc hng hng khng v ang lm, v t hiu qu cao i vi th trng Vit Nam, th trng m ngi dn c bit nhy cm vi cc gi tr gia tng. Lm phong ph cc hnh thc thanh ton

Vic mua v my bay ca hng khng gi r c thc hin hon ton qua mng v thanh ton bng th nhm ct gim chi ph. Tuy nhin ch c mt s loi th c chp nhn, v khng phi khch hng no cng d dng s hu c nhng loi th . V d, Jetstar Pacific Airline hin nay ch chp nhn thanh ton bng bn loi th ca Visa, Mastercard, American Express v JBC. Ngoi ra nu khch hng khng c mt trong bn loi trn th cn n thanh ton trc tip ti cc phng v ca hng trong vng 24 gi k t khi t ch. Vic ny gy khng t kh khn cho khch hng. Chnh v vy, vic pht trin phong ph cc hnh thc thanh ton trong tng lai s gip cc hng hng khng gi r thu ht c mt b phn khch hng ln hn na.

Nng cao cht lng dch v

Trong hin ti cnh tranh bng gi, cc hng hng khng gi r ct gim hu ht cc dch v nh n ung, tp ch v cc dch v c bit, nu khch hng mun dng g thm th phi mua vi gi rt cao. Bn cnh , vic my bay b chm hay tr hon cng thng xuyn xy ra nhng cc hng ny khng chu trch nhim. to c lng tin cho khch hng vi hng khng gi r, vic ci thin v nng cao cht lng dch v l iu ct yu.

Cung cp cc chuyn bay m bo an tonSau hng lot cc v tai nn my bay ca hng khng gi r, vn an ton oc coi l iu m cc khch hng lo ngi nht. Gii php t ra i vi cc hng l cc hng l phi tng cng u t vo c s h tng cng nh nng cao cht lng v an ton, t cng c lng tin cho khch hng. Khai thc cc ng bay mi

Cc hng hng khng gi r vo Vit Nam rt nhiu, khai thc tp trung vo nhng tuyn ln. Tuy nhin vi tc cung tng mnh hn cu nh hin nay ch trong mt thi gian ngn na cc hng mun tn ti v khng phi cnh tranh qu gay gt th cn phi tng cng vic khai thc cc tuyn bay mi.

2.2. xut vi Nh nc v cc c quan hu quan

Nh nc cn u tin u t xy dng, nng cp cng hng khng, sn bay, cc cng trnh khc thuc kt cu h tng hng khng dn dng bo m giao thng vn ti bng ng hng khng pht trin an ton, hiu qu v ng b. c bit, Nh nc nn to iu kin thun li cc hng hng khng Vit Nam cung cp dch v vn chuyn hng khng, khai thc ng bay n cc vng c iu kin kinh t - x hi c bit kh khn, vng ni, vng su, vng xa.Mt h thng cng hng khng, sn bay m bo tnh thng nht, ng b cao trong tng th quy hoch giao thng vn ti quc gia, khu vc v quc t s gp phn nng cao nng lc cnh tranh ca ngnh hng khng dn dng Vit Nam trn trng quc t, ng gp mt phn xng ng vo s nghip cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc. u t mnh vo h thng cng hng khng, sn bay cn c vai tr quan trng c bit khi t trong bi cnh ln, nhng nm gn y, nhiu nc chu nh Singapore, Trung Quc, Thi Lan, Nht Bn, Hn Quc... u t ln xy dng vo nng cp c s h tng sn bay. D bo vo nm 2014 s c thm khong trn 100 tuyn bay thng t chu ti M. Bn cnh , nh nc cn to mi trng kinh doanh thun li vi c ch chnh sch linh hot, hp l thu ht nhiu hng hng khng gi r nc ngoi vo Vit Nam v tng tnh cnh tranh cho th trng hng khng Vit Nam. y cng l yu t quan trng thc y cc hng hng khng gi r ang hot ng ti Vit Nam pht trin hn na trong tng lai.

Cui cng, m bo cht lng ca cc hng hng khng gi r cng nh quyn li ca khch hng, nh nc cn nhanh chng ban hnh cc quy nh hay tiu chun ring p dng cho cc hng hng khng gi r.KT LUN

Qua nhng s liu v phn tch trn, c th kt lun rng th trng hng khng gi r Vit Nam ang trn pht trin, bc u thu c nhng thnh tu ng k. Ch trong vng cha y 5 nm, hng khng gi r xm nhp mnh m vo Vit Nam, lm tng nng lc vn chuyn ca vn ti hng khng v tng tnh cnh tranh cho th trng hng khng nc ta. Hng khng gi r ang dn tr thnh xu hng tt yu trn th trng. Nhiu du hiu cho thy hng khng gi r s bng n Vit Nam trong nhng nm ti. Vit Nam ha hn s tr thnh im sng trn th trng hng khng khu vc Chu Thi Bnh Dng.

Tuy nhin, hng khng gi r cn tng i mi m Vit Nam, trong thi gian u hot ng chc chn khng trnh khi nhng hn ch. C s vt cht k thut yu km, mi trng kinh doanh khng thun li v c ch chnh sch cha ph hp ang gy ra nhng tr ngi khng nh cho vic pht trin loi hnh hng khng gi r ti Vit Nam. Bn cnh , nhng bin ng ca gi nhin liu trn th trng th gii thi gian qua cng tc ng mnh ti gi v vn c coi l li th cnh tranh ln nht ca cc hng hng khng gi r, khin nhiu hng ng trc nguy c thua l nng n.

V vy, yu cu bc thit t ra l phi nhn thc r c nhng thnh tu ln hn ch k trn, t a ra cc gii php ph hp nhm khai thc hiu qu hn na th trng hng khng gi r y tim nng ti Vit Nam ng thi to iu kin cc hng hng khng gi r pht trin n nh v bn vng trong tng lai. y l mt bi ton khng nh, i hi s n lc c t pha Chnh ph ln cc n v kinh doanh hng khng gi r.

TI LIU THAM KHO1. Nguyn Nga Hng khng Vit Nam: S c nhng cuc rt ui ngon mc, Trang web B Giao thng Vn ti Vit Nam (31/01/2008)

http://giaothongvantai.com.vn/PortletBlank.aspx/B9AEC43600C04FC1A9EDB9D971622226/View/Xuan-Mau-Ty-2008/Hang_khong_Viet_Nam_Se_co_nhung_cuoc_ruot_duoi_ngoan_muc/?print=2476722842. Hng khng gi r tp np n Vit Nam Trang web Bo Lao ng (06/04/2008)

http://www.laodong.com.vn/Home/Hang-khong-gia-re-tap-nap-den-VN/20084/83471.laodong3. Nguyn Linh Pacific Airlines, hng hng khng gi r u tin ti Vit Nam Trang web i Truyn hnh Vit Nam (14/02/2007)

http://www.vtv.vn/VN/TrangChu/TinTuc/CKX/2007/2/14/87707/4. B Tn Thc, h hng khng gi r - Trang web Bo Si Gn Gii Phng (21/04/2007)

http://www.sggp.org.vn/SGGP12h/2007/4/96096/5. Xun Dung Ra mt hng hng khng gi r JetStar Pacific Trang web i Truyn hnh Vit Nam (24/05/2008)

http://www.vtv.vn/VN/TrangChu/TinTuc/CKX/2008/5/24/159028/6. Lenduong.VN Hng khng gi r Philippines m ng bay n Vit Nam Trang web Lenduong.VN (18/01/2008)

http://lenduong.gdc.vn/VietNam/Home/Len-Duong-24h/Kinh-te/2008/01/2FBE5C56/7. Nguyn Sa Hng khng gi r gp kh khn sau v tai nn my bay ti Phuket Trang web Bo in t Vietnamnet (20/09/2008)

http://www2.vietnamnet.vn/kinhte/2007/09/742919/8. H Yn Hng khng gi r ganh ua ht khch Vit Nam Trang web Vnchannel.net (27/09/2007)

http://www.vnchannel.net/news/kinh-te/200709/hang-khong-gia-re-ganh-dua-hut-khach-viet-nam.19147.html9. Vic JetStar Pacific b l l c tht Trang web Bo Cng An Nhn Dn (04/12/2008 Theo VnEconomy)

http://www.vnchannel.net/news/kinh-te/200709/hang-khong-gia-re-ganh-dua-hut-khach-viet-nam.19147.html10. Hng Anh Jetstar Pacific b thi ci v tip th hnh nh hng nc ngoi Trang web Bo in t VnExpress (03/06/2008)

http://www.vnexpress.net/GL/Kinh-doanh/2008/06/3BA02EB2/11. Phan Hng Anh Pacific Airlines b khch hng khi kin Trang web Vit Bo (Theo VnExpress.net) (16/08/2007)http://vietbao.vn/Kinh-te/Pacific-Airlines-bi-hanh-khach-khoi- kien/11020937/87/12. Bo Khnh Jetstar Pacific: Khch tng vn l nng Trang web Bo Vit Nam (Theo Tienphongonline 17/11/2008)

http://www.baovietnam.vn/kinh-te/113504/23/Jetstar-Pacific-Khach-tang-van-lo-nang13. Tng trn gi v my bay ni a: Li hay hi ? trang web VIB Forums (29/02/2008)

http://kinhte24h.com/index.php?page=news&id=2707414. S tht v hng khng gi r - Trang web Bo in t Vietnamnet (Theo Nhn dn Tin tc) http://www.vnexpress.net/GL/Kinh-doanh/2005/12/3B9E4B77/15. Nguyn Hin - Khng ch gi trn, kh thc hin hng khng gi r Trang web Vit Bo (21/01/2007)http://vietbao.vn/Kinh-te/Khong-che-gia-tran-kho-thuc-hien-hang-khong-gia-re/30163174/87/16. Vietnam unprepared for low-cost carriers to take off Trang ting Anh Bo in t Vietnamnet (18/09/2007)

http://english.vietnamnet.vn/travel/2007/09/741753/17. Wikipedia ting Vit

http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A3ng_h%C3%A0ng_kh%C3%B4ng_gi%C3%A1_r%E1%BA%BB