m broad horizons2

7/27/2019 M Broad Horizons2

1/20

MMAAG

GNN

EE

SS

IIU

UM

M

MMAA

TTEERRIIAALLS

S

D

D

EE

VV

EE

LLO

OP

PMME

ENNTT

AGO

O

REW

A

G

OO

REW

Mihriban

MihribanO.O.Pekguleryuz

Pekguleryuz

McGillU

niversity

McGillU

niversity

JUN

E2007

JUNE2007

MMAAGGNNEESSIIU

U

MM

MMAATTE

ERRIIAALLS

S

DD

EE

VV

EELLO

OM

ME

EN

NT

T

AAGGLLO

OBBAALL

OO

VV

EE

RRV

VIIE

EW

W

AAUUTTOOMMOOTTIIVVEE

AAU

UTTO

OMMO

OTTIIVVEE

AAEERRO

OSSP

P

AACCEE

AAEERROOSSP

P

AACCEE

BBIIOO

BBIIOO-

---MMAATTEERRIIAALLSS

MMAATTE

ERRIIAALLSS

ASIAAND

OCENIA

NORTH

A

MERICA

THE

AMERICASE

URO

PE

&

EURASIA


2/20

BODY

BODY

e.g

Innerdoo

rpanel,pillarstructures

-Wrought

products(formability)

-Structura

lcastingalloys(ductility)

Requires

newalloysandprocesse

s

SHORTTERM

:POWERTRAIN

SHORTTERM

:POWERTRAIN

e.g

.Transmissioncase,engineparts

-Creepresista

nce(150-200C)

-Corrosionre

sistance

-Mg-Al-RE&Mg-Al-Si

Requiresnew

alloys

CURRENTUSE:

INTERIOR

CURRENTUSE:

INTERIOR

COMPONENTS

COMPONENTS

e.g.InstrumentPa

nel,

steeringwhee

l

-Stiffness,hig

hductility

-Energyabsorption

AMalloys

AMalloys

MID-T

O-LONG-TERM

MID-T

O-LONG-TERM

MID-T

O-LONG-TERM

CHASSIS

CHASSIS

e.g.Wheel,suspensionarm

-Strength

-Highductility,fatigue

-Corrosionresistance

Require

snewalloys

-Yieldstrength

AA

UU

T

T

OO

MM

OO

TTI

IVVE

E

UU

SS

E

E

SS

OO

FF

M

MA

AG

GN

NE

ESSI

IU

UM

M

AA

U

UT

T

OO

MM

OO

TT

II

VVE

E

UU

SSEE

SS

OO

FF

M

MA

AG

GN

NE

ESSI

IU

UM

M

Cuna

Fuu

Cun

a

Fuu

CCA

AS

STTI

IN

NG

G

AA

LL

LL

O

O

YYS

S

-Creepresistant(upto150oC,5

0MPa)

-Creepresistant(175oCorabov

e,70MPa)

-Improvedcastability(thin-walled)

AA

LL

LL

OO

YY

TTY

Y

PPE

ES

S

NN

E

EE

ED

DE

ED

D

II

NN

TTH

HE

E

SS

HH

OO

RR

TT--TTO

O--M

MI

ID

D-

-T

TE

ER

RM

M

W

W

RR

OO

UU

GG

HHT

T

AA

LL

LLO

OYYSS

-improved

formability,rolla

bility,

workabilityatroomtemperature

-corrosion

resistance

-lowcost

processes

1990s-o-present

Newchallenges


3/20

B

ROD

B

ROD

1990s:po

tentialuseofMginthe

1990s:po

tentialuseofMginthepowertrain

powertrain

NorthAm

erica:oil

NorthAm

erica:oil--pan,

transmission

case

pan,

transmission

case

Europe:e

ngineblockandtransmissioncase

Europe:e

ngineblockandtransmissio

ncase

Requirem

ents

Requirem

ents::

Creep

Creep--resis

tanceand

resis

tanceand

tensileyieldstrength

tensileyieldstrength

atandabove

atandabov

e

150C,

150C,

castability

castability

ando

thers.

ando

thers.

MM

AA

GG

NNEES

SIIUUM

M

CCRREEEEP

P

RR

EES

SI

IS

ST

TA

AN

NT

T

MM

AA

GG

NNEES

SI

IU

UM

M

CC

RREEEEP

P

RR

EES

SI

IS

ST

TA

AN

NT

T

AA

LLLLO

OYYS

S

FFO

ORR

AA

UU

TTO

OM

M

OO

TTI

IV

VE

E

PP

O

OW

W

EE

RR

TT

RR

AA

IIN

N

AA

LLLLO

OY

YS

S

FFO

ORR

AA

UU

TTO

OM

M

OO

TTI

IV

VE

E

P

P

OO

WW

EE

RR

TT

RR

AA

IIN

N

B

ROD

B

ROD

Mgalloyshav

ebeentraditiona

lconsideredfordie

Mgalloyshav

ebeentraditiona

lconsideredfordie--casting

casting(HPDC

)

(HPDC

)

Conventional

alloys(Mg

Conventional

alloys(Mg--Al,Mg

Al,Mg

--AlAl--Zn)HPDCalloyslosecreep

Zn)HPDCalloyslosecreep

resistanceabove120C.

resistanceabove120C.

Traditionalcreepresistantallo

ysofMg(HPDC)

performbetween

TraditionalcreepresistantalloysofMg(HPDC)

performbetween

120120--

150C.

150C.

Aerospaceall

oys(WE42):notdie

Aerospacealloys(WE42):notdie--castable

castable;expensive

;expensive

TC

TC

ALLOY

ALLOY

Creepresistance

Creepresistance

TRADITIONALALLOYS

TRADITIONALALLOYS

AS41

medium

AS21

medium

AE42

goodupto150C

AEROSPACEALLO

YS

AEROSPACEALLO

YS

WE42

High(200-250C)

1990sto2003:alloydevelopme

ntactivitiesinNorthAmerica,E

1990sto2003:

alloydevelopme

ntactivitiesinNorthAmerica,Europe,

urope,

Israel,Australia,China,Japan

Israel,Australia,China,Japan


4/20

CREE

PRESISTANTMg

ALLOYS(1970s

CREE

PRESISTANTMg

ALLOYS(1970s--20

04)

20

04)

A

LLOY

A

LLOY

DESIGNATION

DESIGNATION

INVENTOR

STATUS/COMMENTS

INVENTOR

STATUS/COMMENTS

M

g

M

g--AlAl--SiSi

AS41

(Mg

AS41

(Mg--4Al

4Al--1Si)

1Si)

VWVW

C

ommercial

C

ommercial

AS21

(Mg

AS21

(Mg--2Al

2Al--1Si)

1Si)

M

g

M

g--AlAl--SiSi(RE)

AS21

x

(RE)

AS21x

H

ydro

H

ydroMag

Mag.

PATENTED

.PATENTED

M

g

M

g--AlAl--RE

AE42

,AE44(Mg

RE

AE42

,AE44(Mg--4Al

4Al--2RE)

2RE)

Dow,

Dow,

Norsk

Norsk

Commercial

C

ommercial

E

ffectsofCa,

E

ffectsofCa,

SrSr

AJ,A

X,other

AJ,A

X,other

ITMITM

M

.O.

M

.O.Pekgleryz

Pekgleryzetal.

etal.

P

b

P

b,,

SnSn,

Bi

,Bi

M

galloys&

M

galloys&Appl

Appl.,

DGM,1

992

.,DGM,1

992

M

g

M

g--AlAl--CaCa

AX51

{Mg

AX51

{Mg--5Al

5Al--(.2(.2--.8)Ca}

.8)Ca}

ITM

WO96/25529(

ITM

WO96/25529(1995)

1995)

M

g

M

g--AlAl--RERE--Ca

AEX

Ca

AEX

Nissan

Nissan--UBE

UBE

E

P0799901A1(1997)

E

P0799901A1(1997)

ACM522

ACM5

22----(Mg

(Mg--5Al

5Al--2RE

2RE--2Ca)

Honda

2Ca)

Honda

E

P0791662A1

E

P0791662A1

M

g

M

g--RERE--Ca(

Ca(MnMn)

EX{Mg

)

EX{M

g--(2(2--5)RE

5)RE--(0(0--1)Ca}

MEL

1)Ca}

MEL

W

O96/24701

W

O96/24701

M

g

M

g--ZnZn--AlAl--Ca

ZAX850

Ca

ZAX850

IMRA

IMRA

U

S5855697(1999)

U

S5855697(1999)

M

g

M

g--AlAl--RERE--Ca(

Ca(SrSr)

MRI153,

MRI230D

)

MRI153,

MRI230D

DSM

DSM--VW

US6139651(2000)

VW

US6139651(2000)

M

g

M

g--AlAl--SrSr

AJ{M

g

AJ{M

g--(2(2--9)Al

9)Al--(.5(.5--7)Sr}

7)Sr}

Noranda

Noranda

U

S6322644(2001)

U

S6322644(2001)

M

g

M

g--AlAl--CaCa--SrSr

AXJ{Mg

AXJ{Mg--5Al

5Al--(2(2--3)Ca

3)Ca--0.0

7Sr

GM

0.0

7Sr

GM

U

S6264763(2001)

U

S6264763(2001)

M

g

M

g--AlAl--SrSr--Ca

AJX{Mg

Ca

AJX{Mg--(2(2--9)Al

9)Al--(.2(.2--.6)Sr

.6)Sr--(.15

(.15--.3Ca)

.3

Ca)

Noranda

Noranda

U

S6342180(2002)

U

S6342180(2002)

M

g

M

g--SnSn--Ca

AX

Ca

AX--other

other

GKSS&City

AbuLeiletal,MgTechnologyinthe

Univ.HongKong

GlobalAge,MontrealCIM,

2006

CCO

OM

MM

ME

ER

RC

CI

IAAL

L

UU

SSE

E

OO

FF

CC

RR

E

EE

EP

P

RR

EE

SSI

IS

STTA

AN

NTT

AA

LL

LL

OO

YYS

S

I

IN

N

CC

OO

M

MM

ME

ER

RCCI

IA

AL

L

UU

SSE

E

OO

FF

CCR

RE

EE

EP

P

RR

EE

SSI

IS

STTA

AN

NTT

AA

LL

LL

OO

YYS

S

I

IN

N

AA

U

UTTO

OM

MO

OTTIIVVEE

AA

PPP

PL

LI

IC

CA

ATTI

IO

ON

NS

S

AA

U

UT

TO

OM

MO

OTTI

IV

VE

E

AA

PP

PP

LL

II

CC

AA

TTI

IO

ON

NS

S

1970sVWuse

ofAS(Mg

1970sVWuse

ofAS(Mg--AlAl--SiSi)alloys

)alloys

1990s:Useof

theHondaallo

y(Mg

1990s:Useof

theHondaallo

y(Mg--AlAl--RERE--C

a)inoil

C

a)inoil--panpan

Recent:

Recent:

--UseofAS31intran

smissioncase

UseofAS31intran

smissioncase

--UseofDSM(Mg

UseofDSM(Mg--AlAl

--CaCa--SrSr--RE)alloysinVW

RE)alloysinVW

--UseofAE44inthe

enginecradle

ofCorvette

UseofAE44inthe

enginecradle

ofCorvette

--UseoftheAJ(Mg

UseoftheAJ(Mg--AlAl--SrSr)alloysin

theBMW

)alloysin

theBMW

engineblock(inall330and630s

eriescoupe)

engineblock(inall330and630s

eriescoupe)


5/20

AE44enginecradleon

CorvetteZ06

Norway-

USA

R

ECENTAPPLICATIONEXAM

PLES

AJ62engineblockon

BMW3

30,630series

Canada-

Germany

AJalloyforautomotive

AJalloyforautomotivepow

ertrain

pow

ertrain

GraspofPerformancerequirements

GraspofPerfor

mancerequirements

xx

Creepresistan

ce(tensile&comp

ressive)upto175

C(mincreep

Creepresistan

ce(tensile&comp

ressive)upto175C(mincreeprate)

rate)

xxBolt

Bolt--loadreten

tion

loadreten

tionupto175C(

upto175C(50%50%minmin))

xxMetallurgical/

thermalstability

Metallurgical/

thermalstability

xxTensileyields

trength

Tensileyieldstrengthupto175C

(

upto175C

(100100MPa

MPa))

xxFatigueresista

nce

Fatigueresista

nce(fatiguelimita

t175

(fatiguelimita

t175C:C:4545MPaMPaminmin))

xxUltimatetensilestrengthupto17

5C(

Ultimatetensilestrengthupto17

5C(130130MPa

MPa))

xxSalt

Salt--spraycorrosionresistance(0.1

spraycorrosionresistance(0.1--0.25mg/cm

0.25mg/cm22/da

y)

/day)

xxElongation(min3%atroomtemp

erature)

Elongation(min3%atroomtemp

erature)

xxAcceptable

Acceptabledie

castability

die

castability(compa

rabletoAMorAE)

(compa

rabletoAMorAE)

xxAcceptablecost

Acceptablecost(5(5--1010overalloy

prices)

overalloy

prices)

xxAvailabilityofrawmaterials

Availabilityofrawmaterials

xxAlloyproduction

Alloyproduction(compatibilityw

ithplantprocesses)

(compatibilityw

ithplantprocesses)

xxMelthandling(oxidation,sludgeformation)

Melthandling(oxidation,sludgeformation)

xxRecyclability

Recyclability

Iedscpny

Iedscpny

teamteam

Importanceofp

riorknowledge:Exposuretoindustryproblems,i

Importanceofp

riorknowledge:Exposuretoindustryproblems,issues

ssues

(researchinst.)

(researchinst.)


6/20

A

lloydevelopmen

tandpatenting:

A

lloydevelopmen

tandpatenting:

1year

1year

(

creepresistance

above150C

(

creepresistance

above150C

S

tableAl

S

tableAl--SrSrintermetallics

intermetallics,,

c

ontrolofAl/

c

ontrolofAl/SrSrratiopreventsMg

ratiopreventsMg1717AlAl1

2

1

2pptn

pptn))

E

valuation&castingprocess

E

valuation&cast

ingprocess

d

evelopment,recycling,reliability,

d

evelopment,recycling,reliability,

s

uppliercertificat

ion,

s

uppliercertificat

ion,

c

arriedoutjointly

withthe

c

arriedoutjointly

withthe

a

lloycompanyan

d

a

lloycompanyan

d

t

heautomotiveco

mpany

t

heautomotiveco

mpany

(

internalfoundry)

:

(

internalfoundry)

:

2years

2years

C

ommercialproduction:

C

ommercialproduction:

44ththyear

year

Importantto

maintainexpert

iseintheformof

institutes,clus

Importantto

maintainexpertiseintheformof

institutes,cluste

rs

te

rs

Importantto

maintainpositiv

eperspectiveon

challenges

Importantto

maintainpositiv

eperspectiveon

challenges

MMgg

MMgg-

---AAll

AAll----SSrr

SSrr

A

A

llllooy

yss

((

A

A

llllooyyss

((NNo

orraan

nd

daa

NNo

orra

an

nd

daa)))

)

AJ52x

AJ52x

AJ62x

AJ62x

DD

--MgMgandand

Ty

peA

Ty

peA

Ty

peB

Ty

peB

intermetallics

intermetallics

22--10%Al,1.2

10%Al,1.2--7%

Sr

7%

Sr

Oneofthecompositions

Oneofthecompositions

commercialized

in

commercialized

in

automotiveeng

ineblock

automotiveeng

ineblock

Al390alloyin

sert

MgJalloy

Al390alloyin

sert

MgJalloy

BMWh

ybridengineblock


7/20

--

Creepinvolvesth

ermallyactivatedrecovery

Creepinvolvesth

ermallyactivatedrecoveryprocesses:

processes:dislocation

dislocation

creep,

creep,diffusiona

l

diffusiona

l))

--T

obeprominentabove0.3T

T

obeprominentabove0.3Tmm

ofM

gandofthesolu

te

ofM

gandofthesolu

te

TTh

hee

ss

cci

ieen

nt

tiiffi

i

cc

ff

aa

lll

l

oou

ut

t

TTh

hee

ss

cciieen

nt

tiif

fi

i

cc

ff

aa

ll

ll

oo

uut

t

CpindCp

ind

MM177AA1212npn

Ganb

yGan

b

ymgaonmgaon

Mgalloysespecially

Mgalloysespeciallydiecast

diecastalloyshavedifferent

alloyshavedifferent

mechanismsatroomtomoderate

temperatures

mechanismsatroomtomoderate

temperatures

andmoderatestr

essregimes:

andmoderatestr

essregimes:

Stressand/or

Stressand/orthe

rmallyinducedp

recipitation

the

rmallyinducedp

recipitationfromfrom

thesupersaturatedprimaryphase

(e.g.Mg

thesupersaturatedprimaryphase

(e.g.Mg1717AlAl1212),),

orthroughdecom

positionof

orthroughdecom

positionofinter

metallics

inter

metallics(inAE

(inAE

alloys)whichfacilitatesgrainboundarymigration

alloys)whichfacilitatesgrainboundarymigration

--

Henceweneedtopreventthistyp

eof

Henceweneedtopreventthistyp

eofpptn

pptn

--

Use

Usemetallurgica

lly

metallurgicallystableprecipitatesinalloydesign

stableprecipitatesinalloydesign

--

Forhighertempe

ratures:morestrategies

Forhighertempe

ratures:morestrategies

andalloyphasediagramsneedto

be

andalloyphased

iagramsneedto

be

developed.

developed.

--

Nano

Nanoscale

scalepptspptsinthegraininterior

inthegraininterior

N

N

EEWW

IINNTTEERREESSTT::

M

M

AAGGNNEESSIIUUMM

AALLL

L

OOYYSS

wwiitthh

hhi

igghheerr

CCRREEEEPP

N

N

EEWW

IINNTTEERREESSTT::

M

M

AAGGNNEESSI

IUUMM

AALLL

L

OOYYSS

wwi

itthh

hhiigghheerr

CCRREEEEPP

RREES

SI

IS

STTA

ANNC

CE

E

RREESSI

IS

STTAANNC

CEE

2)NEWD

EVELOPMENTFORAUTO

MOTIVE

2)NEWD

EVELOPMENTFORAUTO

MOTIVE

MELandDSMA

LLOYS

MELandDSMA

LLOYS

NEWY

ttriumCO

NTAININGALLO

YS

NEWY

ttriumCO

NTAININGALLO

YS

Scand

ScandGdGdCONTAININGalloys

CONTAININGalloysGe

ar

Ge

ar--box,

QE22

box,

QE22

sa

ndcastby

sandcastbyHayley

Hayley

1)POSSIBLEUSE

OF

1)POSSIBLEUSE

OF

C

OMMERCIALAEROSPACE

C

OMMERCIALAEROSPACE

A

LLOYS

A

LLOYS

Y,

R.E.

(

Y,

R.E.

(CeCe,,

NdNd),Ag,

Cu,

Zn

),Ag,

Cu,

Zn

CONTAININGALLOYS

CONTAININGALLOYS

WE43,

WE54,

QE22,

ZE41,

WE43,

WE54,

QE22,

ZE41,

Z

C63,

RZ5,

ZRE1

Z

C63,

RZ5,

ZRE1

Gear

Gear--box,

ZE4

1

box,

ZE41

sandcastby

sandcastbyH

ayley

H

ayley

A

lloysresistanttotemperatures200-300oC

&70-100MPa


8/20

M

AGNESIUMCAS

TINGALLOYSW

ITHHIGHERCRE

EPRESISTANCE

M

AGNESIUMCAS

TINGALLOYSWITHHIGHERCRE

EPRESISTANCE

ALLOY

ALLOY

DESIGNATION

DESIGNATION

COMPANY/

STATUS/

COMPANY/

STATUS/

RESEARCHER

RESEARCHER

COMMENTS

COMMENTS

Mg-Y-RE

WE43,WE54

MEL

MEL

Commercial

Commercial

Mg-Gd-Y-Zr

--

Prof.

Prof.Kamado

Kamado

Experimental

Experimental

- Mg-Y-Zn-Zr

-

Prof.

Prof.Mordike

Mordike

Experimental

Experimental

Mg-Y-Zn-Nd-Zr

--

Prof.

Prof.Mordike

Mordike

Experimental

Experimental

Mg-Zn-RE(Zr)

ZE41,EZ33,ZE62

ZE41,EZ33,ZE62

MEL

MEL

MEZ(2.5RE,0.5Zn)

MEZ(2.5RE,0.5Zn)

MEL

MEL

US6193817(200

1)

Mg-Zn-Cu(Mn)

ZC63

ZC63

MEL

MEL

----

MgMg--SiSi(Al,Ca,RE)

(Al,Ca,RE)

S.Beeretal

Experimental

Experimental

hypereutectic

hypereutectic

MgMg--AlAl--SiSi--(Ca)

(Ca)

MRI201S,MRI201S

DSM

DSM--VWVW

Commercial

Commercial

Mg-Sc-Mn-Ce

Clausthal,German

y/CharlesUniv.,Cze

ch

Experimental

Experimental

Mg-Gd-(YorSc)-Mn

-

Prof.Mordike

Experimental

Mg-2.7Nd-1.3Gd-

Elektron21

MEL

Commercial

0.5Zn-0.6Zr

M

g-Sc-Mn-CeA

lloys

S

cinitiallyselectedaspotentialage-ha

rdeningbehaviorb

utMgScformsver

y

slowlyandisincohe

rent.Mnadditionr

esultinMn2ScinadditiontoMgSc.Ce

dditionsleadtoMg12Cegrainboundary

precipitates.Som

ecompositionsshow

bettercreepperform

ancethanWE43

Magnesium

Technolog

y:

Metallurgy

,

DesignDa

ta,

Automotiv

e

ApplicationsH.

Friedrich,B.

Mordike,E

ds.,US-

ISBN:3540

205993,

SpringerV

erlag.

2005.


9/20

M

g-Gd-BasedA

lloys

Manypossiblein

termetallicsin

higherorderallo

ys

At250C,creepis

comparableto

WE43butat350Ccreeprateis

twoordersofma

gnitudelower.

Mg-2.7Nd-1.3Gd-

0.5Zn-0.6Zr

Elektron21(UK)

B

ROD

B

ROD

Aluminumintensivecarsuseacombinationofextrusio

ns,

Aluminumintensivecarsuseacombinationofextrusio

ns,

s

heetandcastingsforweightreduction.

s

heetandcasti

ngsforweightreduction.

Thereisnew

interestinMg

intensive

Thereisnew

interestinMg

intensivecar

body

carbody

Canada

Canada--Chin

a

Chin

a--UScollabor

ationformagn

esium

UScollabor

ationformagn

esium--intensive

intensive

front

front--endconstruction

endconstruction

WWRRO

OU

UG

GH

HTT

MM

A

A

GG

NNEES

SIIU

UM

M

AAL

LL

LO

OY

YS

S

FF

OO

RR

WWRRO

OU

UG

GH

HTT

MM

A

A

GG

NN

EES

SI

IU

UM

M

AAL

LL

LO

OY

YS

S

FF

OO

RR

A

A

UU

TTO

OM

MO

OTTIIVVE

E

BB

OO

DD

YY

A

AP

PPPL

LI

IC

CA

AT

TI

IO

ON

NS

S

AA

UU

TTO

OM

MO

OTTIIVVE

E

BB

OO

DD

YY

AA

PP

PPL

L

II

CC

AA

TT

II

O

ON

NS

S

Requirements

Requirements::

Formable,ductile

F

ormable,ductile

andhighstrengthMg

a

ndhighstrengthMg

extrusionandsheetalloys

e

xtrusionandsheetalloys


10/20

MagnesiumSheet

Automotive

d)innerdoor(VW

),

e)HybridMg/Alengine

bonnet(VW)

f)PrototypeOpel

G90

withMgsheetr

oof

g)Sandwichinterior

panel

h)Prototypefront

fender

VW

Suitable

bondingproce

sses

Geometrical

tolerances

Surfacequality

Corrosion

resistance

Optimized

alloys

Costs,

Availability

Deformation

behavior

Isotropical

properties

MagnesiumSheetProductionT

oday

andTo

morrow,Fr.-W.Bach,M

.

Rodman,A.RossbergandM.Hepke,

Univer

sityofHanover,Germany,in

Magne

siumTechnologyintheG

lobal

Age,C

OM2006

DD

eef

fo

orrmm

aa

tt

iioon

n

BB

eeh

ha

av

viio

ouurr

o

o

ff

MM

aa

gg

nn

ee

ss

ii

uu

m

m

HHe

ex

xaaggo

onna

all

CCl

lo

o

sse

e--P

Pa

ac

ck

ke

edd

(

(H

HC

C

PP

))

CCrry

ys

stta

al

l

SSttr

ruuc

cttuurre

e

a=3.2030,c=5.20

02,c/aratio1.6235

a=3.2030,c=5.20

02,c/aratio1.6235

A.

A.

Kaya,

M.

O.

Pekguleryuz,D.

Eliezer,DeformationandProcessingofStructuralMateria

ls.

ZX.

GuoEd.

Chapter.2,

W

hiteheadPubl.,Cambridge,England,

2005

LowtemperaturesLimited

formability:OnlyBasalslip&

Basalslip&

twinning

twinning

UltraFinegrainsize(6wt%LiaBCCE-Lisolid-solutionsecond

phaseexists.Allo

ysisDE

dualphase.

Microstructuralre

finementofsecondphaseis

alsoimportant.

->11wt%Li,thealloyissinglesolids

olution

BCC

E-Liphase.

BCCphasehasex

cellent

formabilitybutis

lowstrength,need

stobe

strengthenedvia

alloying(withAl,A

g,Zn,Yetc).

Currentalloys:LA

141(Mg-14Li-1Al)andLA91(Mg-9L

i-1Al)aswellasLAZ933

119

9990

0ss:

:

research

inGermanyandJapanonMg-Li(UniversityofHannove

r,

RuhrUniversity,G

ermany.KyotoUn

iversity&MitsuiMining,Japan)

Mg-Li-Znalloys

(KyotoUniv&MitsuiMining,Japan)

Mg-6Li-1Zn,Mg-9

.5Li-1ZnandMg-12

Li-1Znalloythinsheets.

TheMg-6Li-1Zns

heetisD

(hcp)phaseandhaslowdu

ctility.

Mg-9.5Li-1Znis(

D

E

)andMg-12L

i-1ZnisE

singleph

ase.Theyshowhigh

strainratesensitivityandhavesufficientlyhighductilityatlowstrainrate

s.

ThedualphaseM

g-9.5Li-1ZnsheetissuperiortothesingleE-phaseMg-1

2Li-

1Znsheetinthet

ensilestrength.

D E


14/20

Fully

recrystallized(15to30m).

+10minann

ealat400C

Serra

ted

grain

boundaries,few

twins,largely

unrecrysta

llized.

Smallprecipitatesatgrainandde

formation-inducedboundaries.

+42%

reduc

tionat350C

Aver

agegrainsize:106m.

Homogenize

dat8hrat380C

AZ31+3Li

Parti

allyrecrystallizedmicrostru

cture,mostrecrystallizedgrains

m broad horizons2

Documents