1© 2018 The MathWorks, Inc.

MATLAB在通信信号处理方面的应用

陈晓挺

MathWorks中国

2

Agenda

▪ 迎接移动通信 5G 时代

▪ MATLAB的垂直应用：从算法研究到产品开发

3

5G Vision and Use Cases

Not just mobile phones

Ultra-Fast MobileIoT V2X

To do all of this, 5G will require:

– New physical layer architecture

– New radio (RF) architecture

– New network architecture

– New design and testing approaches

4• Nokia: Model Based Design (MBD) for 5G

5

5G Toolbox is here!

Version 1 released in

Supports 3GPP Rel. 15

Based on Version 15.2.0 (June 2018)

NFC

6

5G Toolbox applications & use-cases

Waveform Generation and Analysis

▪ New Radio (NR) subcarrier spacings and frame

numerologies

End-to-End Link-Level Simulation

▪ Transmitter, channel model, and receiver

▪ Analyze bit error rate (BER), and throughput

Golden Reference Design Verification

▪ Customizable and editable algorithms as golden

reference for implementation

7

5G waveform generation

Power levels have been modified to improve visualization

Shipping

Demo

• 5G Toolbox supports Downlink waveform generation

• OFDM Waveform with cyclic prefix: CP-OFDM

• Generated waveforms feature:

• mixed frame numerology

• multiple bandwidth parts

• multiple PDSCHs

• fully parameterizable SS bursts

• multiple CORESETS and

search spaces

8

5G Channel Models

▪ Implementation of 5G channel models TR 38.901

▪ These include control of:

– Delay profile: TDL and CDL profiles: A, B, C, D, E or custom

– Channel delay spread

– Doppler shift

– MIMO correlation

– CDL: spatial channel model, includes also:

▪ Antenna array geometry [M, N, P, Mg, Ng]

N

M

Mg

Ng

panel

9

Full 5G processing chain (end to end)

link level simulationShipping

Demo

CP-OFDMdemod

Perfect synch

PDSCHDL-SCH CP-OFDMChannel model:

CDL or TDLPerfect ch.estimation

PDSCH decoding

DL-SCH decoding

HARQ

Precoding

10

Cell search and selection proceduresShipping

Demo

▪ Obtain cell ID and initial system information

including Master Information Block (MIB)

▪ Perform the following steps:

– Burst generation

– Beam sweep

– TDL propagation channel model and AWGN

– Receiver synchronization and demodulation

11

5G Toolbox has open customizable algorithms

▪ All functions are

Open, editable, customizable

MATLAB code

▪ C/C++ code generation:

Supported with MATLAB Coder

12

What is the LTE System Toolbox?

▪ Standard-compliant physical layer models in MATLAB:

Releases 8 ~14

▪ Scope:

– FDD / TDD

– Uplink / Downlink / Sidelink

– Transmitter / Receiver

– Conformance tests & link level simulation

▪ Over 200 functions for PHY modelling

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802.11ax

802.11ac

Subcarriers

WLAN system Toolbox OFDM vs OFDMA

SDMA

User 3

User 4

User 2

User 1

OFDMA + SDMA

User 3

User 4

User 2

User 1

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5G: 从算法到天线

BB

PHY

DAC

ADC

PA

LNA

Mixed-Signal Design

Algorithm

CFR DPD

Receiver

Algorithm

RF Front End Design

Channel

Antenna, Antenna arrays

MATLAB with Simulink Simulink with MATLAB

DIGITAL ANALOG 天线和相控阵Massive MIMO

RF DPD and CFR 设计. PA and RF 建模

Hybrid Beamforming

5G波形和调制方式

5G信道模型

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为什么要在5G链路级仿真中考虑RF

▪ 5G的mmWave高频设计需要考虑RF

▪ RF和基带在5G设计中需要统一考虑

Digital

baseband

Digital to

Analog

Converter

RF Digital

baseband

Analog to

Digital

ConverterRF

发射机 (TX) 接收机 (RX)

16

5G Challenge in R&D – RF Design and PA Modelling

Huawei’s talk video:

基于MATLAB平台的移动宽带系统设计与验证

17

CW test signal

Custom LTE/5G test signalMulti-rate finite-precision

programmable decimation filtersAnalog continuous-time

programmable filters

Tunable

RF receiver

Example: AD9361 RF 收发通道建模

Third order

Delta-Sigma ADC

RSSI

AGC

Manual and slow attack mode 集成12位DAC和ADC的RF 2 × 2收发器TX频段：47 MHz至6.0 GHz

RX频段：70 MHz至6.0 GHz

支持TDD和FDD操作可调谐通道带宽：<200 kHz

至56 MHz

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Hybrid Beamforming

▪ Beamforming 在基带和RF中的混合设计– 性能的Trade-off, power dissipation, 实现复杂度的考量

▪ 不同的模拟器件的实现方式– Phase shifters vs. Switching networks

▪ 不同模拟器件的结构– RF chains 和每条天线相连还是和每个子天线阵相连

Baseband

precoding

DAC RF

…

NS

…

DAC RF

Baseband

combining

ADCRF

…

NS

…

ADCRF

RF

precodingRF

combiningNT

…

NT…

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Example: Hybrid Beamforming 发送端相控阵

▪ 4 subarrays of 8 patch antennas operating at 66GHz 8x4 = 32 antennas

▪ 数字beamforming 到 4 个子天线阵 (azimuth steering)

▪ RF beamforming (phase shifters) 到 8 个天线阵 (elevation steering)

Beamformers (array and subarray)

4 subarrays

Subarray weightsArray pattern

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设计你人生中第一个天线

Antenna Designer App

▪ Select an antenna based on the desired specifications

▪ Design the antenna at the operating frequency

▪ Visualize results and iterate on antenna geometrical properties

▪ Generates MATLAB scripts for automation

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Full-Wave Antenna Analysis from a Photo

Photo Import

Segmentation

Extract Boundary Clean up Geometry

Define Feed

Analyze

Image Processing Toolbox Antenna Toolbox

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Coverage and Field Strength Visualization on Map

▪ Compute antenna pattern and visualize

field strength projected on flat earth map

▪ Visualize antenna coverage on flat earth map

and communication links

– Define transmitter and receiver

– Antenna design, frequency, power, and sensitivity

23

Phased Array System Toolbox

Spatial signal processing

Polarization

Code generation

HDL

Scenario visualization

Wideband

Detections

Targets & Environment

Design an array

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Antenna Array Design and Evaluation

▪ Advanced algorithms and imperfection mitigation

– For ULA, URA, conformal arrays

Calibration

Design

32x32 Array

Mutual Coupling

Direction of Arrival

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Automotive Radar

Simulated data Live data

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Classify Radar Target using Machine Learning

Synthesize returns (radar cross section (RCS)) Synthesize micro-Doppler (Time-frequency)

Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox

Signals

Features

Time-frequency

Etc.

Classification

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MATLAB & Simulink Wireless Design Environmentfor baseband, RF, and antenna modeling and simulation

Channel and Propagation

RF Front EndAlgorithms, Waveforms, Measurements Antennas, Beamforming

Mixed-signal

• 5G Toolbox

• LTE Toolbox (NB-IoT)

• WLAN Toolbox (11ax)

• Communications System Toolbox

• RF Toolbox

• RF Blockset

• Antenna Toolbox

• Phased Array System Toolbox

BasebandDigital

Front EndDAC PA

LNAADCBasebandDigital

Front End

Digital PHY

RECEIVER

TRANSMITTER

AntennaRF Front End

• Simulink

• DSP System Toolbox

• Control System Toolbox

• Communications System Toolbox

• Antenna Toolbox

• 5G Toolbox

• LTE Toolbox

• WLAN Toolbox

Channel

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MAC Layer: CSMA/CA (802.11)

SLOT: SLOT time in Contention Window

Data n: Data packet n SIFS: Short Interframe Space

ACK: ACK packet to Node

CW: Contention Window

▪ CSMA/CA MAC protocol

Data1

ACK

DIFS SIFS

Data2

SIFS

ACK

SIFS

CWCW

CW

CW Data3

DIFS

SLOT

DIFS: Distributed Interframe Space

Node1

Node2

Node3

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MAC Layer and Logical Link Control CSMACA (802.11) MAC Layer Stateflow Chart

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DOCOMO Beijing Labs Accelerates the Development of Mobile Communications

Technology

Challenge

Research, develop, and verify next-generation mobile

communications technologies

Solution

Use MATLAB and Parallel Computing Toolbox to

accelerate the development and simulation of

innovative algorithms at the link level and the system

level

Results

Development time halved

Simulation time reduced from weeks to hours

Five times more scenarios verified

“With MATLAB we spend less time coding and more time developing

innovative mobile communications algorithms. More importantly, with only

minor modifications we can accelerate the simulation of algorithms on our

computing cluster to thoroughly evaluate and verify them under a wide

range of operating conditions and scenarios.”

Lead research engineer, DOCOMO Beijing LabsLink to user story

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31

Agenda

▪ 迎接移动通信 5G 时代

▪ MATLAB的垂直应用：从算法研究到产品开发

32

IEEE Survey: Industry Expectations for New Graduates

Industry

View:

Essential,

Important,

or Useful

Faculty

View:

Key part of

the

curriculum

Linear Models

Control-Oriented Models for System Design

Simulation Models for System Verification or

Product Development

Nonlinear Models

Finite State Machine Models

Real-Time Models for Hardware-in-the-Loop

Verification or Training

Nov. 2009 Controls Curriculum Survey:

An IEEE Control Systems Society Outreach Task Force Report

http://ieeecss.org/sites/ieeecss.org/files/documents/CSSSurvey07AugustData_v3.pdf

96.4% 95.6%

98.2% 67.0%

94.5% 48.5%

90.9% 42.3%

82.9% 33.0%

94.4% 25.8%

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Model-Based Design and Code Generation

for AEB Sensor Fusion

1.5M km of recorded data

3+ years of driving time

12 hours re-simulation

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基于模型的设计流程

• 复用算法的测试平台和数据

• 支持多种工业测试标准

• 直接产生高效可读的代码

• 快速进行性能和资源的优化

• 快速验证理论和算法的正确性

• 根据实现的要求搭建系统构架

系统集成

硬件实现

系统设计

测试

和验证

理论研究 技术要求

ARM FPGA，ASIC

VHDL, VerilogC, C++

测试平台

算法模型

硬件模型

35

5G: 从算法到实现

BB

PHY

DAC

ADC

PA

LNA

数字

CFR DPD

Receiver

Algorithm Channel

C-Code

Generation

RTL Code

Generation

DSP, ARM FPGA or ASIC

MATLAB & Simulink

MATLAB & Simulink

DPI-C Model

DPI-C Link

Cadence® Virtuoso®

Analog Design Environment (ADE)

Virtuoso® AMS Designer (AMSD)

模拟

Verification

Co-simulation

快速原型及快速验证

混合仿真Fixed Point Design

HDL Coder

HDL Verifier

36Huawei: Design and Prototype a Wireless Communication System

37

Ericsson – Radio Testbed Design Using HDL Coder

View video online at:

http://www.mathworks.co.uk/videos/radio-testbed-design-using-hdl-coder-92636.html

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LTE HDL Toolbox

LTE System ToolboxTM

SIB1 Recovery

✓?

Your Application’s

Hardware

Implementation

LTE System

Toolbox

Waveform

LTE HDL ToolboxTM

LTE SIB1 Recovery

PSS/SSS

Detection

MIB/SIB1 Decoder

Convolutional Decoder

CRC Decoder

Sample-to-

frame

Your

Application’s

Algorithm

Frame-to-

sample

FPGA/ASIC implementation

HDL Coder

Turbo Decoder

39

自动代码生成已成为行业趋势User Story

40

You Can Start with MATLAB Coder

>> Coder

>> doc coder

41

5G - Over-the-air testing with SDRs & RF instruments

Generate

custom

waveforms

Transmit with

SDR devices

or RF instruments

Capture signals

with SDR

or instruments

Recover

original data

RF Signal Generator

Spectrum Analyzer

Zynq Radio SDR

USRP SDR

Range of supported hardware

42

5G Challenge in R&D – Hardware Connection

▪ MATLAB will support Xilinx RF SoC this summer

– Will support RFSoC DSP Kit for Xilinx

– Simulink modelling for mmWave frontend

▪ MATLAB and Xilinx Zynq SoC

– AD9361/AD9371 modeling

NanoSemi and XiIinx Demonstrate Ultra-wide Band MIMO Digital Front End

using Zynq UltraScale+ RFSoC for 4.5G and 5G Infrastructure at MWC 2018

43

How to learn more

▪ Go to 5G Toolbox product page

▪ Transforming wireless design

▪ MIMO technology for LWAN, LTE, and 5G

▪ Ebook:Software Defined Radio using MATLAB &

Simulink and the RTL-SDR

▪ 5G R&D at Huawei: an insider look

▪ MathWorks官网网上研讨会：硬件设计和实现方法的智能化