mobile game going to 64-bit world - the story behind game going to 64-bit world...

1

Mobile Game Going to 64-bit World

移动游戏的64位世界

The Story Behind

背后的故事

Fang Bao 鲍方

2

The Consumer Expects Mobile Device New Every Year

每年，消费者都期盼新的移动设备

Your first 64-bit

Phone!

2011

2012

2013

2014 Dual-core CPU

performance

Octa-core CPU

1080p screens Quad-core CPU

720p screens

ARMv8-A and shift to 64-bit 2K screens

3

Mobile Device Usage

移动设备的使用时间分析

Source Digi-Capital Games

Investment Review 2013

4

Mobile Device Usage

移动设备的使用时间分析

Source Digi-Capital Games

Investment Review 2013

About Half of the usage of Smartphones & Tablets

is to play Games!

近半数的移动设备使用时间是在游戏上！

5

SW Architecture (软件架构)

• Delivering initial software against the architecture specification for validation and partner support

SW Ecosystem Bootstrap (软件生态)

• Putting in place all the necessary standards, hardware and software to enable the ecosystem to deliver on ARM architecture (Toolchain, OS and developer tools)

Mobile Game Engines (移动游戏引擎)

• 2D and 3D Mobile Game Engines 64-bit porting, consolidation, optimisation and support on early silicon products

Stages for ARM 64-bit Mobile Game Ecosystem

ARM 64位移动游戏生态的脚步

Now!

6

SW Architecture

软件架构

Introduction to ARMv8

ARMv8 架构介绍

7

ARM7TDMI ARM1176 Cortex® -A9 Cortex-A50 series ARM926EJ

ARMv4

Increasing SoC complexity

Increasing OS complexity

Increasing choice of HW and SW

ARM Architecture Evolution

ARM 架构演进

1995 2005 2015

Virtualization

8

ARMv8-A AArch32

ARMv8-A ARMv7-A

ARMv7-A Compatible

A32+T32 A64

CRYPTO

Scalar FP

Advanced SIMD

AArch32 AArch64

Applications

and software

AArch32 maintains full-compatibility

with ARMv7 while addressing emerging

software trends

AArch32: Evolution of 32-bit

Enhanced floating point support (IEE754-2008)

Ideal for concurrent programming

C11, C++ 11, Java5

More efficient, high-performance thread-safe

software

Cryptography support (AES, Sha-1, Sha-256)

ARMv8-A 32位模式保持了完整的前向兼容性

9

ARMv8-A AArch64 ARMv8-A 64位模式增强了已有的功能并增加了更多的新功能

AArch64 can support ALL

ARMv8-A features. Clean instruction set

Larger address space (>4GB memory for

Application)

Wider data register (64-bit)

Better SIMD (NEON)

Better Floating point

Increased number and size of general

purpose registers (31 general, 32

FP/NEON/Crypto)

Better Security Architecture, dealing with

Hypervisors

More…

10

ARMv8-A execution state Overview

ARMv8-A 执行状态概况

11

ARMv8 is everywhere

无处不在的ARMv8

12

SW Ecosystem Bootstrap

软件生态的启动

13

Technical Leadership: Software Ecosystem

技术领导的软件生态

ARM direct

staff

ARM

investments (,)

Fostering

standardization

Supporting

developers

64-bit

Platform

Key focus

on 64-bit ARM Trusted

Firmware

14

ARM and its Partners Enable the Ecosystem

ARM 和合作伙伴们一起驱动广大的生态

AR

M e

nab

lem

ent

Applications

Middleware

Driver & OS

Security

Tools

Models

100,000s

1,000s

100s

10s

10s

A collective effort from ARM

and its partners

ARM focuses on enabling key

building blocks

Tools, kernel, Secure OS, Hypervisor

Key middleware

ARM partners reach Apps Developers

Par

tners

Enab

lem

ent

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Key Goals

Provide a collaborative environment where competitors can jointly develop and

maintain common open source software

Used shared investment to provide increased return on investment to members

Accelerate time to market for member products

Reduce upstream fragmentation and resulting costs

Work closely with ARM to deliver Linux software and tools for new ARM technology

Linaro – Enabling FOSS Partner Collaboration Linaro – 启动自由及开源软件伙伴们的合作

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Core projects where partners can collaborate i.e. Tools, Linux kernel, Security framework…

Produce regular snapshots from upstream Increased testing and validation of upstream code Contributions and patch reviews

Linaro – Collaboration on Key Domains and Projects Linaro – 合作于关键领域和相关项目

Mo

bile

En

terp

rise

Netw

ork

ing

…

17

ARMv8 and Open-source Community Development

ARMv8 和开源社区的合作开发

…2011 2012 2013 2014…

AArch64 support upstream

Maintained from Gcc 4.8

AArch64 support upstream

Maintained from Linux 3.7

ARMv8 specification

ARM DDI 048 preliminary data Initial release

(Confidential)

ARMv8 specification

GNU tools (Gcc, Binutils etc.)

Linux kernel

Initial KVM and Xen

Maintained from Linux 3.11

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ARM is actively involved in two major Open Source Compilers

LLVM

AArch64 supported upstream as of LLVM 3.3

Ongoing work to address outstanding defects

OpenCL™ support

Buildbots available http://lab.llvm.org:8011/builders/

GCC

AArch64 supported upstream as of GCC 4.8

Support for dynamic linking, TLS, cross-compiler and glibc

Support for C/C++ ABI and PCS

ARM® NEON™ auto-vectorization and intrinsics

Toolchains

工具链

http://lab.llvm.org:8011/builders/

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Linux Kernel

Linux 内核 AArch64 general support is now in the public domain

ARM’s Catalin Marinas & Will Deacon maintainers for

AArch64, Marc Zyngier for KVM

KVM support accepted for inclusion in the 3.11 release

Xen contributions have started too

Where to get it

Sources http://www.kernel.org/

Prebuilt tools http://www.linaro.org/downloads/

http://www.linaro.org/downloads/

http://www.linaro.org/downloads/

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Mobile Game Engines

移动游戏引擎

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The Game Engine Importance

游戏引擎的重要性 Typically, Mobile Developers have had to create their own bespoke Game Engines and keeps the

Engine lightweight, and gives the developer complete control.

However there is now a shift towards the use of open source / commercial Game Engines with

complete editors. And brings...

...flexibility

灵活性

...multiple platform

跨平台

...reduced costs

降低维护成本

...Middleware Integration

中间件集成

...proven workflow 可靠的工作流程

...ease of development

开发简单

22

Case Study

案例分析

Cocos2d-x and Android on 64-bit ARM CPU

Cocos2d-x Android版本运行在64位ARM处理器上

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Environment

环境

Porting

移植

Profiling

分析

Optimizing

优化

Stages for Mobile Game Engines Going to ARM 64-bit World

移动游戏引擎的进入64位世界的步骤

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Environment

环境

Porting

移植

Profiling

分析

Optimizing

优化



25

Juno ARM Development Platform (ADP)

Juno ARM开发板 First 64-bit Software Development Platform from ARM

Cortex-A57 MP2, Cortex-A53 MP4, Mali-T624 MP4 test chip

Implement ARMv8 & associated based system requirements

Reference 64-bit software stack

◦ Linaro Stable Kernel 3.10, AOSP 4.4+ and OE filesystems 14.06

◦ UEFI v15593, ARM TF v0.4, SCP 1.0.0

Expandable with LogicTile (FPGA board)

Enables software development for

64-bit kernel, drivers, software and tools

3D graphics and GPU compute

Hypervisors & secure OS integration

Platform tuning (power, performance)

ARMv8-A big.LITTLE

OpenGL ES 3.1, OpenCL 1.1

On-chip power & thermal management

TrustZone & Secure OS ready

8GB DDR3 with 12.8 GB/s bw

FPGA extension, USB2.0

Order now shipping from e/o July 2014

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Juno Enables ARMv8 Ecosystem Partners (支持的合作伙伴)

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Android Open Source Project port for ARMv8-A

Announced on July 2, 2014

Tested on ARMV8-A Fast Models and Juno platform, a ARMv8-A 64-bit H/W development platform

and.

http://releases.linaro.org/latest/members/arm/android/images/armv8-android-juno-lsk

Linaro ARMv8 Engineering Project for Juno

Linaro ARMv8 基于Juno的工程项目









28

Android ‘L’ announced at Google I/O and Android Lollipop is released on Oct 2014.

Supports both 32-bit and 64-bit

New Android Runtime (ART)

Support for OpenGL ES 3.1 and Android Extension Pack

NDK r10 released in July 2014 and NDK r10c released in Oct 2014.

Separate packages for 32bit and 64-bit

Android API level 21 is the first level with 64-bit support

Added arm64-v8a ABI

GCC 4.9 is the default compiler for 64-bit ABIs. Clang 3.5 is also added to support all hosts.

The cpu-features library has been updated for the ARMv8 kernel

Android Lollipop and NDK r10

Android Lollipop 和 NDK 版本10

Android applications can be

written in Java, native ARM code,

or a combination of the two

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Environment

环境

Porting

移植

Profiling

分析

Optimizing

优化



30

ARM Infocenter – ARM Online Technical Publications

http://infocenter.arm.com/

ARMv8-A architecture overview

http://www.arm.com/zh/products/processors/instruction-set-architectures/armv8-architecture.php

http://youtu.be/GBeEEfmJ3NI

ARMv8-A architecture manual

http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.ddi0487a.a_errata1/index.html

ARMv8-A Processors

http://www.arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a50/index.php

Juno ARM development platform

http://www.arm.com/zh/products/tools/development-boards/versatile-express/juno-arm-development-

platform.php

Reading Online Tutorials / Resources 1

阅读在线资料 1




















http://www.arm.com/zh/products/tools/development-boards/versatile-express/juno-arm-development-platform.php











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ARM Connected Community (欢迎来ARM 中文社区提问)

http://community.arm.com/community/arm-cc-cn

ARM 64-bit porting guide

http://community.arm.com/docs/DOC-8453

Introduction to 64-bit ARM porting by Linaro

http://people.linaro.org/~rikuvoipio/aarch64-talk/#/

Running Android L Developer Preview on 64-bit ARM QEMU

http://www.linaro.org/blog/core-dump/running-64bit-android-l-qemu/

Taming ARMv8 NEON: from theory to benchmark results (LCU14-504)

http://lcu14.zerista.com/event/member/137791

ARMv8-A Software Development (ARM Training Course)

http://www.arm.com/support/training/arm-training-courses/armv8-a-software-development.php

Reading Online Tutorials / Resources 2

阅读在线资料 2









































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Evolution of the ARM architecture

ARM架构的演进

Overview of AArch64 in ARMv8-A

ARMv8架构的64位模式概况

64-bit data models

64位数据模型

Re-compile or re-write

重编和重写代码

Hints, tips and gotchas

提示和建议

References

参考文献

Porting to 64-bit ARM

64位ARM的移植





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Porting to 64-bit ARM 64-bit 数据模型和C语言代码的相关问题

64-bit Linux

A64-LP64

built-in types when compiling C code for A32 and LP64

34

Fishjoy 3 Android Porting to 64-bit ARM

捕鱼达人3 安卓版本的64位移植工作

Juno Board

35

Environment

环境

Porting

移植

Profiling

分析

Optimizing

优化



36

1st step: Architecture & Algorithm Analysis

第一步：架构和算法分析

2nd step: Run Test Suit as a basic Benchmark

第二步：运行测试组件作为基本的标准程序

3rd step: Use Profiling Tools on Real Game

第三步：使用专业的性能分析工具调试真实游戏

Performance Parameters from the Profiling

来自性能分析的数据

Game Profiling

游戏性能分析

37

Architecture & Algorithm Analysis

架构和算法分析

38

Run Test Suit as a basic Benchmark

运行测试组件作为基本的标准程序 2D cpp-tests

3D EngineDemo

2D Performance Test

3D Performance Test

39



Math Performance Test

40



Math Performance Test

64-bit Mode

41

3D EngineDemo


运行测试组件作为基本的标准程序

42

ARM DS-5 Streamline Analyzer

ARM DS-5 Streamline 性能分析器

Advantages

System-wide visibility into CPUs, GPUs,

interconnect, power consumption and

Linux/Android OS resources

C/C++ source code level profiling based on

time or PMU events

Streaming data collection allowing analysis as

long as hours

Extensible data sources and customizable

data visualization

Trace hardware not required

43

Timeline: Heat Map 时间线分析：热度图

Select from CPU/GPU counters

OS level and custom data sources

Accumulate counters, measure time

and find instant hotspots

Select one or more tasks to

isolate their contribution

Combined task switching trace and

sample-based profile

44

FPS Frame Per Second

每秒帧率

CPU% CPU utilization

CPU使用率

SPF Time interval between the rendering frame

渲染帧间隔时间

GL verts The amount of data in every frame

每帧数据

GL calls The number of perform rendering instructions

渲染指令执行数量

Performance parameters from the Profiling

来自性能分析的数据

45

Environment

环境

Porting

移植

Profiling

分析

Optimizing

优化



46

AArch64 Performance Over AArch32

超越32位模式的64位模式性能 >20% increase on several key

workloads

Most workloads increase,

some slow down Slowdowns are often outliers like

mcf in spec2k with unrealistic data

access patterns

Overall trend is increasing

performance with 64b Will increase further as compilers

mature

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80% ARMv8 AArch64 performance vs. AArch32

Cortex-A53

Cortex-A57

47

Cocos2d-x Math library


超越32位模式的64位模式性能

48

Math library (C Language Code)



Blue curve: 32-bit mode Red curve: 64-bit mode Platform : ARM Juno Board

49

Math library (ARM NEON Optimization Code)



Blue curve: 32-bit mode Red curve: 64-bit mode Platform : ARM Juno Board

50

More 64-bit NEON optimization is been done by ARM and community.



51

More 64-bit NEON optimization is been done by ARM and community.



We are working with game engines to import

open source project optimized by 64-bit ARM.

我们正在和游戏引擎们合作，引入64位ARM

优化的开源项目最新版本。

52

SW Architecture (软件架构)

• Delivering initial software against the architecture specification for validation and partner support

SW Ecosystem Bootstrap (软件生态)

• Putting in place all the necessary standards, hardware and software to enable the ecosystem to deliver on ARM architecture (Toolchain, OS and developer tools)

Mobile Game Engines (移动游戏引擎)

• 2D and 3D Mobile Game Engines 64-bit porting, consolidation, optimisation and support on early silicon products

Mobile Games (移动游戏)

• Ongoing, active promotion for all Mobile Game developers and companies

Stages for ARM 64-bit Mobile Game Ecosystem

ARM 64位移动游戏生态的脚步

53

Follow the guide of 64-bit Game Engine

Follow the guide of 64-bit Mobile OS

Understand basic ARM 64-bit knowledge

Going to 64-bit world is so easy!

Mobile Games Developers

移动游戏开发者

55

Together, let’s drive mobile games

to the 64-bit world!

让我们一起来推动移动游戏

进入64位世界！

56

Thank You

The trademarks featured in this presentation are registered and/or unregistered trademarks of ARM Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the EU

and/or elsewhere. All rights reserved. Any other marks featured may be trademarks of their respective owners

mobile game going to 64-bit world - the story behind game going to 64-bit world...

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