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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

&

TECHNICAL WRITING

Module 1

1

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MODULE 1

Meaning and significance of Research inManagement, Different Approaches toresearch

Scientific method and non scientificMethods, Types of research Historicalstudies, case

studies, survey and experimental studies,criteria for good research, the managerand researcher relationship.

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Answers to the questions orSearching for the facts --Research

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MEANING OF RESEARCH

Research means a search for facts.

It is for discovering an answer to a question.

It is a critical and exhaustive investigation.

Finding solution to a problem through systematic

approach.

To find explanation for unexplained phenomena.

To clarify the doubtful and misconceived facts.

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OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH

Promotes better decision making Research is the basis for innovation.

Research identifies the problem area. Research helps in forecasting, which is very useful

for managers. Research helps in formulation of policies and

strategies. Research helps in optimal utilization of resources.

Research helps in evaluating marketing plans. Research helps in identifying marketing

opportunities and constraints.5

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SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH

Inculcates scientific and inductive

thinking An aid to economic policy, which has

gained added importance, both forgovernment and business.

Provides the basis for nearly allgovernment policies in our economicsystem.

It has its special significance in solvingvarious operational and planning

problems of business and industry. It is very useful in studying socialrelationships and in seeking answers tovarious social problems.

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DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO

RESEARCH Historical approach

Case study approach

Descriptive approach Experimental approach

Survey approach

Field investigation approach

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Scientific approach

Analytic approach Library approach

Quantitative approach

Qualitative approach

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ARBITRARY OR UNSCIENTIFIC METHOD

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ARBITRARY METHOD

Imagination

Belief

Currory observation

These are subjective , non-verifiable and vague

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SCIENTIFIC METHOD

A solution to the problem without thedrawbacks under the arbitrary method.

It is a systematic method of formulating a

problem, measuring occurrences and testingthe hypotheses and interpreting the result.

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LOGICAL AND SYSTEMATIC TECHNIQUES,

AIMS TO

Discover of new facts or verify and test old facts.

Analyse their sequence, interrelationships.

Develop new scientific tools, concepts and

theories which would facilitate reliable and valid

study of human behaviour.

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TYPES OF RESEARCH

Pure Research. Applied Research. Exploratory Research. Pilot Study or Pilot Survey. Descriptive Research. Experimental Research. Analytic Research or Statistical Method. Historical Research. Survey Study. Qualitative Research & Quantitative Research. Case Study.

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CRITERIA FOR GOOD RESEARCH

Purpose should be clearly defined.

keeping the continuity of what has already been

attained.

Procedural design should be carefully planned The researcher should report with complete

frankness, flaws in procedural design and estimate

their effects upon the findings.

The validity and reliability of the data should bechecked carefully.

Conclusions should be confined to those justified

by the data of the research and limited to those for

which the data provide an adequate basis.

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THE MANAGER AND RESEARCHER

RELATIONSHIP

Favourable relationships with their manager.

When they faced technical obstacles, these

employees also saw their managers as moremotivating and encouraging,

we found a strong correlation between relationship

quality, managerial support, and process and

product innovation.