PowerPoint Presentation

Mud Logging

Prepared by : Ahmed El-Sayed Hamza. (4th Level Geophysics) Muhammad Atef Muhammad. (4th Level Geophysics) Supervisor: Dr.Mohamed Ibrahim Abd el-Fattah 18th May2016

1. Introduction (History-Oil Companies-Rig Types and Rig Components).2. Mud Circulating System.3. Mud logging Definitions.4. Mud Types.5. Drilling Parameters. 6. Problems.7. The Latest Technologies.8. The Value of Mud Logging.9. References.

1.1- Definition:Mud logging is the implement by which it could be communicating to the down hole formations systematically and comprehensively to study and monitor immediately the lithology, gas content, oil shows and drilling parameters.

Logging Unit

1.2-History: -Surface (Mud) Logging was introduced as a commercial service in 1939,begain as

Atlas Baker Hughes.Gas Line.

1.3-Companies Types:A-Owner.

B-Service Companies:-Responsibility:-Seismic.-Mud Logging.-Well logging. -Casing & Cement. -Well Completion.

1.4-Rig Types:

1.5-Rig Components:

1-Kelly System(Old).2-Top Drive System(Modern).-Solid Control System.

Shale shaker: vibrating screen used to separate mud fluid from cuttings

Desander(Sand Size)

Desilter(Silt Size)

Degasser

Centrifuge

2.1- Mud Pumps Types :

2.2-Mud Circulating System:

2.3-Mud Circulating System:

3.1-Mudlogging Definitions:1-Mud logging Unit: Is the information center on the rig site toserve both exploration and drilling.

3.2-Mud logging personnel:1-Sample Catcher

2-Mud logger

3-Data Engineer

4-Pressure Engineer

3.3- Logging Unit Components: ( Rig Monitors Panel , UV box, Sample oven, LCD Monitors , Microscope, Chemicals , Calcimerty ,Gas System , soap , Diesel and log sheets).

Rig Monitor panel& Gas Analysis

3.4-Sensors:

1-Depth Sensor

2-Pit Volume Sensor

3-Pressure Sensor

4-H2S Sensor

5-Rotary Speed Sensor

6-Pump Stroke Sensor

7-Flow Out Sensor

4-Mud Types/ Drilling Fluids Types ( Wbm & Obm ):

(Wbm)(Obm)

4.1-Why Wbm or Obm ?A-Water Base Mud: Normal uses.B-Oil Base Mud: Special uses(Cases) Such as:

1-Shale FM, Causing Swelling .

2-Salt FM, Causing Washout or unstable(Soft) FM as(friable shale).

4.2-Drilling Fluids Functions:1-Hole Cleaning.2-Cooling and Lubricating Drill String.3-Lifting Cutting To The Surface.4-Carrying Information About Formations. 5-Stablizing Wellbore.6-Controlling Formation Pressure.7-Susbending Cuttings.

4.3-Mud Logger Engineer Duties:1 - Collection of the Rock Cuttings which is geologically described, examined for any Oil Shows.

2- Hydrocarbon Gas Monitoring while Drilling(Chromatograph).

3- Detection of the Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) Percentage.

4- Monitoring of the Mud volume.

5- Monitoring of the drilling parameters such as : WOB, RPM, TRQ. ...etc.6 -Monitoring the Trips and updating a Trip Sheet.

4.4-Mud Logger Engineer Duties:-Mud Log

Rate of penetration(ROP)Total GasAnd Gas Analysis

C1 to C5C1>C5 (normal arrangements)C2>C3 (DHI)Then C3>C2(OWC)

Sample Description

5-Drilling Parameters:1-Hook Load.2-Weight on Bit.3-Rpm(rotation per minute).4-Tourque.5-Stand pipe pressure.6-ROP(rate of penetration).7-Lag Time.8-Number of Strokes. 9-Total Gas.10-Flow On &Out.11-Mud Weight.

6-Problems:-Kick: Influx of Fm.fluid into hole.-Blow out: uncontrolled flow of formation fluid ( uncontrolled kick ).

6.1-Problems:A-Loss(Decreasing) &Gain(Increasing):-Muds Hydrostatic pressure is not equilibrium with FM pressure.

Solving:1-Increasing Hydrostatic Pressure.2-Decreasing Hydrostatic Pressure.

6.1-Problems:

B-Stuck:1-Differential Stuck: -In Permeable Formations.

2-Mechanical:

Solving:1-Calibration Hydrostatic Pressure & Mud Weight.2-Using Jar Tool.-Formation instability. -Ignore hole cleaning.

-Key seating.

-Deferential Sticking Mud Cake too thick

6-Problems:-Blow Out.

7.The Latest Technologies:

1-NMR Mud Logging:

-Total porosity, effective porosity, permeability, irreducible water saturation, free fluid saturation, oil saturation, and oil content in drilling fluid.

Wang, Z., Martinez, Y., Strack, K., and Yu, G2007.2-IsoTube Technology.

8-The Value of mud logging:1-Gas measurement & Analysis.2-Sample Analysis (microscope & fluoroscope).3-Mud Log.4-Lag Time Calculations.5-All Hole conditions are monitored .6-All drilling parameters are controlled. 7-Reservoir potentiality.8-Problem Solving.

- Graduates from 2005 to 2015.

-References:-1-Basic Mud Logging, June, 2002,Sperry-Sun Drilling Services.2-Surface Logging Systems,2006,Baker Hughes.3-Atlas Baker Hughes,2003,Baker Hughes.4-Wang, Z., Martinez, Y., Strack, K., and Yu, G.Applications of NMR Mud Logging technology in China 2007.

Any QUESTION!!?