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全球网络存储工业协会 著
网络存储双语词典
Network Storage Terms and Acronyms
中国科学技术出版社
·北京·
图书在版编目(CIP)数据
网络存储双语词典 /全球网络存储工业协会著 .——北京:中国科
学技术出版社,2007.5
ISBN 7-5046-3934-6
Ⅰ .网 ... Ⅱ .全 ... Ⅲ .计算机网络—信息存贮—词典—英、汉
Ⅳ .TP393.0-61
中国版本图书馆CIP 数据核字(2004)第 111635 号
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关于 SNIA China
全球网络存储工业协会(Storage Network Industry Association, 简称 SNIA)
成立于 1997年,作为一家非营利的行业组织,拥有420多家来自世界各地的公
司成员以及 7,100多位个人成员,遍及整个存储业。SNIA 积极推动行业标准的
制定,推广各种网络存储技术和解决方案的互操作性和培训事务。SNIA的使命
是为确保网络存储成为 IT 领域完整的、可信赖的解决方案而服务。目前,在全
球范围 SNIA 已经拥有 8 家分支机构:美国、加拿大、欧洲、日本、中国、南
亚、印度以及澳洲& 新西兰。如欲了解更多资讯请登陆:http://www.snia.org
SNIA China是SNIA全球范围内的第三家地域性分支机构,成立于2003年。
SNIA-China沿袭SNIA的以往发展宗旨“发展网络存储、确保网络存储技术成为
IT领域完整的、可信赖的解决方案”, 促进网络存储技术在大中华地区的发展,
为网络存储的应用和发展推波助澜。主要任务为:
*推动大中华地区网络存储业的发展
*积极推动网络存储标准化在大中华区的进程
*创建和发展用以发布 SNIA 信息和中国网络存储行业信息的本地渠道
*将现有的技术中心发展为大中华地区的网络存储教育、培训和认证基地
*组织国内外存储技术培训、考察和交流活动
*引进、出版网络存储技术及应用的有关资料文献
如欲了解更多资讯请登陆:http://www.snia.org.cn
SNIA — CHINA
网络存储双语词典说明
本词典包含了官方业界认可的存储术语和定义。这些术语通过了
SINA 技术委员会的严格审核与校对以确保其准确性。SINA 技术委员会
是由来自多厂商的业界知名的技术专家组成,他们个人广泛的技术背景
含盖了存储领域的各个方面,因此这本词典代表了网络存储业界至今最
广泛的术语通用部分。
本词典是经过多年针对网络存储技术与应用的研究、整理及不断地
更新编辑而成的一本标准化、专业化,同时具有技术前瞻性的网络存储
专业工具词典。其收录了大量专用词汇,并在2004年版本的基础上增加
了存储行业最新的专业技术术语,同时由SNIA CHINA 技术中心根据中
国的网络存储应用环境进行了汉化工作。
SNIA欢迎广大读者提出宝贵意见及提供新词条,以便修订时作进一
步修改。任何建议及新词条提交,请发电子邮件至: [email protected]
2007版本的《网络存储双语词典》在编写过程中得到了Brocade (博
科通讯系统有限公司)、HP(中国惠普有限公司)、Quantum(美国昆腾公
司)及华为技术(“华为”)等公司的支持,在此表示感谢。
《网络存储双语词典》及其内容的一切所有权和知识产权,均属全球
网络存储工业协会(Storage Networking Industry Association, SNIA)所
有。
2007 年 5月
译 者:邓劲生 谢文华
顾 问:侯海波 许 鲁
责任编辑:
参与编译者:白 玉 陈 淡 冯 昊 冯志楠 郭明阳 何 凌
蒋业尚 焦耀庭 李一鸣 任松林 石兴雨 孙海成
王纪奎 王建国 王志常 魏 博 肖 桔 徐学雷
徐永超 许金萍 严国清 杨学刚 袁 源 袁亚丽
张 刚 赵 炫
目 录
SNIA网络存储词典 ......................................................................................................... 1
A ................................................................................................................................................... 1
B .................................................................................................................................................. 19
C .................................................................................................................................................. 28
D .................................................................................................................................................. 51
E ................................................................................................................................................. 69
F .................................................................................................................................................. 77
G ................................................................................................................................................. 93
H ................................................................................................................................................. 97
I ..................................................................................................................................................104
J ................................................................................................................................................ 121
K ................................................................................................................................................ 122
L .................................................................................................................................................124
M ................................................................................................................................................132
N ............................................................................................................................................... 143
O ............................................................................................................................................... 152
P ................................................................................................................................................ 157
Q ............................................................................................................................................... 173
R ............................................................................................................................................... 174
S ................................................................................................................................................ 191
T ................................................................................................................................................ 224
U ............................................................................................................................................... 234
V ............................................................................................................................................... 238
W .............................................................................................................................................. 244
X ................................................................................................................................................ 250
Z ................................................................................................................................................ 250
附录一:厂商常用词条(按字母顺序排列) ................................................................. 253
博科通讯系统有限公司(Brocade)...................................................................................... 253
中国惠普有限公司(HP) ....................................................................................................... 258
昆腾公司(Quantum)............................................................................................................. 273
华为技术有限公司 ................................................................................................................... 281
附录二:厂商介绍(按公司名称排列) ........................................................................ 284
博科通讯系统有限公司(Brocade) ........................................................................................276
中国惠普有限公司(China Hewlett-Packard Co., Ltd.) ........................................................ 289
昆腾公司(Quantum)............................................................................................................. 291
华为技术有限公司 ................................................................................................................... 294
1
Numbers3DES语境【安全】
Triple DES 的缩写
8B/10B encoding(8B/10B 编码)
语境【Fibre Channel】
对数据进行编码以便于传输的一种算
法,每个八比特数据字节被转换成10比特传
输字符。8B/10B编码由 IBM 发明并持有专
利,用于在 Fibre Channel、ESCON 和吉比
特以太网上传输数据。8B/10B编码在编码流
中通过保持“0”和“1”比特位在数量上的
平衡,从而支持比特流的持续传输,并可校
验出单个比特的传输错误。
AAccess(访问)
语境【安全】
使用信息系统资源的机会。
Access control(访问控制)
语境【文件系统】【安全】
根据请求者在访问过程中的身份的认
证,决定允许或是拒绝为其提供所请求的服
务或资源访问请求。
Access control entry(访问控制入
口)
语境【文件系统】【安全】
“访问控制列表中的一个入口,它决定
了一个实体(一个或一组用户)对资源访问
的权限。也叫做ACEs, ACEs 能够允许或拒
绝对与一个给定资源的访问。”
3DESCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Triple DES.
8B/10B encodingCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An algorithm for encoding data for
transmission in which each eight-bit data byte is
converted to a 10-bit transmission character.
Invented and patented by IBM Corporation, 8B/
10B encoding is used in transmitting data on
Fibre Channel , ESCON, and Gigabi t
Ethernet.8B/10B encoding supports continuous
transmission with a balanced number of ones
and zeros in the code stream and detects single
bit transmission errors."
AccessCONTEXT 【Security】
The opportunity to make use of an
information system resource.
Access controlCONTEXT 【File System】 【Security】
The granting or withholding of a service or
access to a resource to a requestor based on the
identity of the principal for which the requestor
is acting.
Access control entryCONTEXT 【File System】 【Security】
"A single entry in an Access Control List,
which determines the rights of one principal
(e.g., a user or a groups of users) to access
resources. Also called ACEs. ACEs can either
deny or grant access to a given resource."
SNIA 网络存储
词典
The SNIA Dictionary of
Storage Networking
2
Access control list(访问控制列
表)
语境【文件系统】【安全】
一个永久性列表,枚举了各个主体(比
如用户和用户组)对资源的访问权限。通常
用于文件系统语境中,指由文件系统维护的
一个永久性列表,定义了用户和组对文件和
目录访问的许可权限。通常由访问控制实体
组成。
Access control mechanism(访问
控制机制)
语境【安全】
一种安全保护机制,设计它是用来在信
息系统中探测并拒绝非授权的访问,并允许
授权的访问。
Access fairness(访问公平性)
语境【光纤通道】
可以保证光纤通道上的所有节点能不受
其它节点活动的影响而访问光纤通道仲裁循
环的过程。
Access method(访问方法)
语境【光纤通道】【操作系统】
1.为传输数据而使用的访问物理传输媒
介的方法。
2.(在 IBM公司的 OS/390 操作系统或
者更早版本的操作系统中)一种文件组织方
法,比如顺序、随机和索引等等,以及用以
实现这些文件组织方法的操作系统软件。
Access path(访问路径)
语境【存储系统】
由总线适配器,逻辑单元号,主存储内
部连接的路由,控制器和计算机用来和存储
设备通讯的逻辑单元共同组成的联合体。一
些配置支持对单个设备的多路径访问。另请
Access control listCONTEXT 【File System】 【Security】
"A persistent list that enumerates the rights
of principals (e.g., users and groups of users) to
access resources. Often used in file system
context to denote a persistent list maintained by
a file system and defining user and group
permissions for file and directory access.
Commonly composed of Access Control Entries
(ACEs)."
Access control mechanismCONTEXT 【Security】
A security safeguard designed to detect
and deny unauthorized access and permit
authorized access in an information system.
Access fairnessCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A process by which nodes are guaranteed
access to a Fibre Channel arbitrated loop
independent of other nodes' activity.
Access methodCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】【Operating
System】
1. The means used to access a physical
transmission medium in order to transmit data.
"2. (In IBM Corporation's OS/390 operating
system and its precursors) A file organization
method, such as sequential, random, indexed,
etc., and the operating system software used to
implement it."
Access pathCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The combination of host bus adapter,
logical unit number, route through the host-
storage interconnect, controller, and logical unit
used by a computer to communicate with a
3
参考: multi-path I/O
Accountability(责任)
语境 【安全】
能够使个体在系统上的行为连接回该个
体的属性,这样个体拒绝自己的责任的机会
就会很小。
ACE语境 【文件系统】【安全】
访问控制实体(access control entry)的缩写
ACL语境【文件系统】【安全】
访问控制列表(access control list)的
缩写。
ACS语境【数据回复】
自动化磁带系统(automated cartridge
system)的缩写。
Active(有效)
语境【光纤通道】
指光纤通道序列发起方所处的一种状
态,即从序列的第一帧开始发送开始,直至
序列的最后一帧发送完毕为止,序列发起方
所处的状态。或指光纤通道序列接收方所处
的一种状态,即从接收到序列的第一帧为
始,直至序列的最后一帧接收完成为止,序
列接收方所处的状态。
“Active-active (components,controllers) 主动—主动 (组件控制器)”
语境【存储系统】
storage device. Some configurations support
multiple access paths to a single device. cf.
multi-path I/O."
AccountabilityCONTEXT 【Security】
The property enabling individuals’
activities on a system to be linked back to them
as individuals in such a way that there is little
possibility for them to deny responsibility for
them (see nonrepudiation).
ACECONTEXT 【File System】 【Security】
Acronym for access control entry.
ACLCONTEXT 【File System】 【Security】
Acronym for access control list.
ACSCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for automated cartridge system.
ActiveCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The state of a Fibre Channel Sequence
Initiator between the start of transmission of the
first data frame of a sequence and the completion
of transmission of the last data frame in the
sequence. Also, the state of a Fibre Channel
Sequence Recipient between the start of
reception of the first data frame of a sequence
and the completion of reception of the last data
frame in the sequence."
"Active-active (components,controllers) "
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
4
双主动组件或控制器的同义词。
Active copper(有源铜缆)
语境【光纤通信】
一种Fibre Channe物理连接类型,该类
型的Fibre Channe物理连接可以支持最远达
到 30米的相邻设备铜缆连接。
“Active-passive(主动—被动)
(components, controllers部件”
语境【存储系统】
热备组件或控制器的同义词。
Active component(有源组件)
一种需要电力支持其运行的系统组件。
例如,在存储子系统中,有源组件可能包括
供电电源、存储设备、风扇和控制器等。相
反,机柜和机箱一般来说都不属于有源组
件。
Adapter(适配器)
“将某个总线或者接口的时序和协议转
换成另一中总线或接口时序和协议的硬件设
备。一般地,适配器都被做成系统主板上的
专用硬件或者插入式卡的形式,因为这样可
以使能计算机系统的处理硬件访问外围设
备。例如,主机总线适配器就是一种适配器。
在Fibre Channel语境中,适配器是使用最多
的术语。另请参考: adapter card, host bus
adapter, network interface card, NIC。”
Adapter card(适配器卡)
被做成印刷电路板的适配器。
Synonym for dual active components or
controllers.
Active copperCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A type of Fibre Channel physical
connection that allows up to 30 meters of copper
cable between adjacent devices.
“Active-passive (components,controllers)”
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for hot standby components or
controllers.
Active component“A system component that requires
electrical power to operate. In a storage
subsystem, for example, active components
might include power supplies, storage devices,
fans, and controllers. By contrast, enclosures
and canisters are not normally active
components.”
Adapter“A hardware device that converts the timing
and protocol of one bus or interface to another.
Adapters are typically implemented as
specialized hardware on system boards, or as
add-in cards, to enable a computer system's
processing hardware to access peripheral
devices. An example adapter is a host Bus
Adapter. Adapter is the preferred term in Fibre
Channel contexts. cf. adapter card, host bus
adapter, network interface card, NIC”
Adapter cardAn adapter implemented as a printed circuit
module.
5
Adaptive array(自适应阵列)
语境【存储系统】
一种磁盘阵列,它能够动态地改变将虚
拟地址映射为数据的物理地址的算法(在磁
盘阵列正在运行的时候)。Hewlett-Packard
公司的AutoRAID磁盘阵列是一种自适应阵
列,其可以将镜像盘中给定的虚拟磁盘表示
转换成奇偶 RAID。
Address(地址)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】【SCSI】
1.能够惟一标识存储在磁盘1.或者磁带
上数据块的固定位长度的(数据位)表示模
式。一般地,地址被认为是一个数字,这个
数字可以通过应用映射算法来确定数据块的
物理位置,使用这种映射算法和磁盘块地址
上可以得到相应的柱面号、磁头号和相关扇
区号,使用这些数据可以定位相应的数据。
磁带块地址一般是指单个线性的数据块流序
列中某个数据块的相应位置。
2.在计算机内存中能够唯一标识一个地
址(位,字节,字)的一种固定位长度的模
式。
3. 【SCSI】一个字节,它的值能唯一确
认一个以通信为目的连接到 SCSI总线的设
备。
Address identifier(地址标识符)
语境【光纤通信】
用以标识数据帧的源(S_ID)和目标
(D_ID)的地址数值。FC-SW标准包括一个
表格,以记录特殊地址标识符及其所代表意
义。
Address resolution(地址解析)
语境【网络】
通过一个给定的抽象的局域网或者广域
Adaptive arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A disk array that is capable of changing its
algorithm for virtual data address to physical
data location mapping dynamically (i.e., while
the array is operating). AutoRAID from Hewlett-
Packard, which can change a given virtual disk
representation from mirrored to parity RAID, is
an adaptive array."
AddressCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】【SCSI】
"1. A fixed length bit pattern that uniquely
identifies a block of data stored on a disk or tape.
Typically treated as a number to which a mapping
algorithm can be applied to determine the
physical location of a block of data. Applying
this mapping algorithm to disk block addresses
yields the cylinder, head, and relative sector
number at which data may be found. Tape block
addresses typically refer to the relative position
of a block of data in a single linear stream of
blocks."
"2. A fixed-length bit pattern that uniquely
identifies a location (bit, byte, word, etc.) in a
computer memory. "
3. 【SCSI】 A byte whose value uniquely
identifies a device connected to a SCSI bus for
purposes of communication.
Address identifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An address value used to identify the source
(S_ID) or destination (D_ID) of a frame. The
FC-SW standard includes a table of special
address identifier values and their meanings.
Address resolutionCONTEXT 【Network】
"The process of determining a MAC
6
网地址,确定具体 MAC地址的过程。
Address Resolution Protocol(地
址解析协议)
语境【网络】
1.任何用以将一个高层地址映像为一个
低层地址的协议。简称ARP。通常使用缩写
ARP来表示最常使用的以太网地址解析协议
(如下所述)。
2.IP网络层用来映射IP地址到低层硬件
(例如 MAC 地址)地址时使用的协议。IP 在
以太网上工作需要有四个 ARP 消息: arp 请
求和应答,反向 ARP 请求和应答。
Addressing(编址)
语境【存储系统】
“用以惟一标识固定磁盘、可移动盒式
存储介质或者计算机系统主存中存储区域的
算法。另请参考:block addressing, C-H-S
addressing, explicit addressing, implicit
addressing。”
Administration host(管理主机)
语境【网络】
管理一个或者多个存储子系统(例如文
件管理器、磁盘阵列子系统、磁带子系统等)
的计算机。
Administrator(管理员)
负责安装、配置、管理计算机系统、网
络、存储子系统、数据库或者应用程序的专
业人员。
Advanced Encryption Standard(高级加密标准)
语境【安全】
NIST(美国国家标准与技术协会)制定
address, given a more abstract LAN or WAN
address."
Address Resolution ProtocolCONTEXT 【Network】
1.Any protocol used to obtain a mapping
from a higher layer address to a lower layer
address. Abbreviated ARP. The Acronym ARP
is most often used to refer to the Ethernet Address
Resolution Protocol (below).
"2.The protocol used by an IP networking
layer to map IP addresses to lower level hardware
(i.e., MAC) addresses. There are four ARP
messages for IP running over Ethernet: arp
requests and replies and reverse arp request and
replies."
AddressingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"An algorithm by which areas of fixed
disk, removable cartridge media, or computer
system main memory are uniquely identified.
cf. block addressing, C-H-S addressing, explicit
addressing, implicit addressing."
Administration hostCONTEXT 【Network】
"A computer that manages one or more
storage subsystems (e.g., filers, disk array
subsystems, tape subsystems, etc.)"
Administrator"A person charged with the installation,
configuration, and management of a computer
system, network, storage subsystem, database,
or application."
Advanced encryption standardCONTEXT 【Security】
A cryptographic algorithm designated by
NIST as a replacement for DES. Abbreviated
7
的用以替代 DES的加密算法。
Advanced Intelligent Tape(高级
智能磁带)
语境【存储设备】
Sony 公司提出的一种磁带设备和媒体
技术。
A d v a n c e d T e c h n o l o g yAttachment (高级技术附加装置)
" 高级技术附加装置 , 是连接硬盘与可
移动磁盘的标准接口,是 IDE的官方说法。
它的缩写是 ATA。"
AES(高级加密标准)语境【安全】
高级加密标准(advanced encryption
standard)的缩写。
Agent提供一种或者多种服务(例如从
Internet上收集信息)的程序,该程序代表或
作为一个主导程序出现。
Aggregation(聚集)
语境【网络】【存储系统】
将多个相似或者相关对象(或者操作)
组合成一个独立整体的过程。有些时候,为
了得到更高的性能,我们需要将几个磁盘或
者磁带聚集成一个独立的数据流。两个或者
更多的磁盘可以聚集成一个独立的虚拟磁盘
以增加存储容量。两个或者更多的磁盘也可
以聚集成RAID阵列以达到高可用性。两个
或多个对于相邻位置数据的 I/O请求可以聚
集成一个请求以最小化请求处理开销和旋转
延迟。另请参考: consolidation。
AES. The actual algorithm selected is also known
as Rijndael.
Advanced Intelligent TapeCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
A tape device and media technology
introduced by Sony Corporation.
Advanced Technology Attachment
Advanced Technology Attachment is a
standard designed to connect hard and removable
disk drives. It is the official name for Integrated
Drive Electronics (IDE). Acronym ATA.
AESCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for advanced encryption
standard.
Agent"A program that performs one or more
services (such as gathering information from
the Internet), acting for or as a principal."
AggregationCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
System】
The combining of multiple similar and
related objects or operations into a single one.
Several disk or tape data streams are sometimes
aggregated into a single stream for higher
performance. Two or more disks can be
aggregated into a single virtual disk for increased
capacity. Two or more disks can be aggregated
into a RAID array for high availability. Two or
more I/O requests for adjacently located data
can be aggregated into a single request to
minimize request processing overhead and
rotational latency. cf. consolidation.
8
AH语境【安全】
验证报头(authentication header)的缩
写。
AIT语境【存储设备】
先进智能磁带(advanced intelligent
tape)的缩写。
Algorithmic Mapping(算法映射)
语境【存储系统】
" 使用算法将某个数据编址空间转换为
另一个编址空间的过程。如果某个卷被算法
映射,那么数据块的物理地址可以通过该卷
的已知特征(例如分条深度和成员磁盘号
等)计算得出。另请参考: dynamic mapping,
tabular mapping。"
Alias(别名)
关于某个实体的更易懂的替代名字。有
时候出于分组的目的,也会使用别名加以区
别。另请参考: alias address identifier。
Alias Address Identifier(别名地
址标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
"指某个N_Port可以识别的、除了其自
身的 N_Port 标识符外的一个或者多个地址
标识符。别名地址标识符用以组成 N_Port
组,以使数据帧可以寻址一个N_Port组,而
不是单个 N_Port 端口。另请参考: hunt
group, multicast group。"
AL_PA语境【Fibre Channel】
仲裁环物理地址(Arbi t ra ted Loop
Physical Address)的缩写。
AHCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for authentication header.
AITCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
Acronym for advanced intelligent tape.
Algorithmic mappingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Use of an algorithm to translate from one
data addressing domain to another. If a volume
is algorithmically mapped, the physical location
of a block of data may be calculated from its
vi r tual volume address us ing known
characteristics of the volume (e.g. stripe depth
and number of member disks). cf. dynamic
mapping, tabular mapping."
Alias"An alternate name for an entity that is
more easily human readable. Aliases are
sometimes used for grouping purposes, e.g.
alias address identifier in Fibre Channel."
Alias address identifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"One or more address identifiers which
may be recognized by an N_Port in addition to
its N_Port Identifier. Alias address identifiers
are used to form groups of N_Ports so that
frames may be addressed to a group rather than
to individual N_Ports. cf. hunt group, multicast
group."
AL_PACONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Arbitrated Loop Physical
Address.
9
Alternate Client Restore(备用客
户机恢复)
语境【备份】
从一个不同于文件备份客户机的客户机
中恢复文件的过程。
Alternate Path Restore(备用路
径恢复)
语境【备份】
从一条不同于文件备份路径的路径中恢
复文件的过程。
Always On(持续在线)
语境【通用】【Fibre Channel】
1.指系统持续保持上电的状态,或者通
信链路持续保持有效的状态。
2.【Fibre Channel】持续保持上电的状
态,或者持续保持有效的状态。在 Fibre
Channel、ESCON或者吉比特以太网语境中,
“持续在线”描述了一种可操作链路(可以传
输数据的连接)的状态。该状态下在链路上
令不断有FC帧,空闲(idle)或填充字传送,
这与以太网的传输机制正好相反,在以太网
中数据是突发性传输,而不发送数据时则处
于侦听状态。从Fibre Channel管理的目的出
发,持续在线支持在每个传输字粒度上的链
路级错误检测机制。
American National StandardsInstitute(美国国家标准化协会)
美国的一个民间标准化组织。通常缩写
为ANSI。ANSI工作委员会中与存储网络联
系最紧密的组织是X3T10(主要负责SCSI总
线的I/O接口标准的拟定工作)和X3T11(主
要负责Fibre Channel接口标准的拟定工作)。
Alternate client restoreCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
The process of restoring files to a different
client than the one from which they were backed
up.
Alternate path restoreCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
The process of restoring files to a different
directory than the one from which they were
backed up.
Always onCONTEXT 【General】【Fibre Channel】
1. The state of always having power applied
(systems) or of being continually active
(communication links).
"2. 【Fibre Channel】 A state of always
being powered on and/or continually active. In
a Fibre Channel, ESCON, or Gigabit Ethernet
context, ""always on"" describes the state of an
operational link. It is constantly transmitting
either data frames, idles or fill words. This can
be contrasted with bursty transmissions and
listening for a quiet line in Ethernet. For Fibre
Channel management purposes being ""always
on"" allows link level error detection on each
transmitted word. "
American National StandardsInstitute
"A coordinating organization for voluntary
standards in the United States. Often abbreviated
ANSI. The ANSI working committees most
closely aligned with storage networking interests
are called X3T10 (principally responsible for
SCSI I/O interface standards), and X3T11
(principally responsible for Fibre Channel
interface standards)."
10
ANSI美国国家标准化协会(A m e r i c a n
National Standards Institute)的缩写。
ANSI T10美国国家标准化协会下属的T10技术委
员会,负责计算机与存储子系统或者存储设
备之间的 SCSI通信标准的拟定工作。
ANSI T11美国国家标准化协会下属的T11技术委
员会,负责 Fibre Channel标准以及从计算
机、存储子系统或者存储设备中存、取电子
数据标准的拟定工作。
ANSI X3T10美国国家标准化协会下属的负责拟定访
问和控制 I / O 设备标准的委员会。A N S I
X3T10主要负责SCSI类标准的拟定工作,一
般简写为 T10。
ANSI X3T11美国国家标准化协会下属的负责高性能
I/O接口(例如Fibre Channel和HIPPI 接口)
标准拟定工作的委员会。一般简写为 T11。
API应用程序编程接口(A p p l i c a t i o n
Programming Interface)的缩写。
Appliance(专用机)
为完成某种特定功能(例如提供文件、
Web或者打印等服务)而设计的一种智能设
备。专用机与通用计算机的不同之处在于:
在通用计算机中,软件一般是为要执行的功
ANSIAcronym for American National Standards
Institute.
ANSI T10"The American National Standards Institute
T10 technical committee, the standards
organization responsible for SCSI standards for
communication between computers and storage
subsystems and devices."
ANSI T11"The American National Standards Institute
T11 technical committee, the standards
organization responsible for Fibre Channel and
certain other standards for moving electronic
data into and out of computers and intelligent
storage subsystems and devices."
ANSI X3T10The American National Standards Institute
committee responsible for standards for
accessing and controlling I/O devices. ANSI
X3T10 is responsible for the SCSI family of
standards. Often shortened to T10.
ANSI X3T11The American National Standards Institute
committee responsible for standards for high
performance I/O interfaces such as Fibre Channel
and HIPPI. Often shortened to T11.
APIAcronym for Application Programming
Interface.
Appliance"An intelligent device programmed to
perform a single well-defined function, such as
providing file, web, or print services. Appliances
differ from general purpose computers in that
11
能而定制的,由厂商预装好,用户不能随意
改变;专用机一般能够以低成本完成特定的
功能,并且专用机比通用服务具有更高的可
靠性。另请参考: filer。
A p p l i c a t i o n I / O R e q u e s t /application read request/applicationwrite request(应用程序 I/O 请求 应用程序读请求 / 应用程序写请求)
语境【存储系统】
来自于存储客户机的 I/O请求,而不是
来自于具有控制软件的存储子系统的内部I/
O 请求。在SNIA 公开发表的文献中,并不
对来自于操作环境(例如分页、交换以及文
件系统目录查找等)和来自于用户应用程序
的两种 I/O请求加以区别。
A p p l i c a t i o n P r o g r a m m i n gInterface(应用程序编程接口)
应用程序用于请求服务的接口。缩写为
API。API 通常用来表示应用程序和组成操
作环境(例如操作系统、文件系统、卷管理
系统以及设备驱动等)的软件组件之间的接
口。
A p p l i c a t i o n R e s p o n s eMeasurement(应用程序响应度量)
定义事务监控方面的函数调用 O p e n
Group 技术标准。ARM 标准就是由 Open
Group组织和 Distributed Management Task
Force组织共同制定的。后者还定义了一种
用来描述工作单元(也就是事务)的面向对
象的信息模型。
their software is normally customized for the
function they perform, pre-loaded by the vendor,
and not alterable by the user. Appliances are
generally considered to be capable of performing
their specialized functions at lower cost and
with higher reliability than general purpose
servers. cf. filer."
Application I/O request/applicationread request/application write request
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"I/O requests made by storage clients, as
distinguished from member I/O requests made
by a storage subsystem's own control software.
SNIA publications do not generally distinguish
between I/O requests made by the operating
environment (e.g., for paging, swapping, and
file system directory lookups, etc.) and those
made by user applications."
Application programming interface"An interface used by an application
program to request services. Abbreviated API.
The term API is usually used to denote interfaces
between applications and the software
components that comprise the operating
environment (e.g., operating system, file system,
volume manager, device drivers, etc.)"
A p p l i c a t i o n r e s p o n s emeasurement
"An Open Group technical standard
defining function calls for transaction
monitoring. The ARM standard is being
advanced in both The Open Group and the
Distributed Management Task Force. The latter
organization has defined an object oriented
information model for describing units of work
(i.e., transactions)."
12
Application Specific IntegratedCircuit(专用集成电路)
为特定应用专门设计的集成电路,例如
SCSI总线接口。缩写为 ASIC。
Applications(应用软件)
应用软件是任何能够通过一个业务流程
把数据转化为信息的程序。应用软件能够将
桌面的 PDF 文件转化为联合应用生成的多
数据库和贯穿于整个企业的文件系统。
Arbitrated Loop(仲裁环)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1.一种Fibre Channel互联拓扑结构,在
这种互联结构中,每个端口都与其相邻接口
连接,从而形成一条环路。在Fibre Channel
仲裁环结构中,任何时刻都只能有一个端口
可以传输数据。仲裁环中的某个端口在开始
传输数据之前,必须与环路中的其他所有端
口竞争,以获得传输数据的权力。环路中的
所有端口都要遵循仲裁逻辑。
2 . 仲裁环物理拓扑结构使用的 Fibre
Channel协议版本。
Arbitrated Loop Physical Address(仲裁环物理地址)
语境【Fibre Channel】
用以标识组成仲裁环的每个设备的8位
比特值。
Arbitration(仲裁)
指一个用户与其他用户磋商以获得某个
共享资源的使用权力(通常是临时的)的任
何过程。例如,连接到共享总线上的单个端
口在其使用总线传输数据之前必须要赢得仲
裁。
Application specific integratedcircuit
"An integrated circuit designed for a
particular application, such as interfacing to a
SCSI bus. Acronym ASIC."
ApplicationsApplications are any and all processes that
can transform data into Information used by a
Business Process. Applications can scale from
desktop PDF file readers to federated applications
spanning multiple databases and file systems
throughout the enterprise.
Arbitrated loopCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"1.A Fibre Channel interconnect topology
in which each port is connected to the next,
forming a loop. At any instant, only one port in
a Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop can transmit
data. Before transmitting data, a port in a Fibre
Channel Arbitrated Loop must participate with
all other ports in the loop in an arbitration to gain
the right to transmit data. The arbitration logic is
distributed among all of a loop's ports."
2. The version of the Fibre Channel protocol
used with the arbitrated loop physical topology.
Arbitrated loop physical addressCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An 8-bit value used to identify a
participating device in an Arbitrated Loop.
ArbitrationAny process by which a user of a shared
resource negotiates with other users for the
(usually temporary) right to use the resource. A
port connected to a shared bus must win
arbitration before it transmits data on the bus.
13
Archive(归档)
语境【备份】
1. (名词)数据集合的一致性拷贝,通常
用以长期持久地保存事务或者应用状态记
录。一般情况下,归档通常用以审计和分析
的目的,而不是用于应用恢复的目的。归档
之后,文件的原件一般都会被删除,并且需
要通过显式的操作来恢复文件。
2. (动词)创建一个归档的操作。
ARM1 . 应用程序响应度量(a p p l i c a t i o n
response measurement)的缩写。
2. 一种通用微处理器体系结构,也是创
建这种体系结构的公司的名称。
ARP语境【网络】
地址解析协议(Address Resolution
Protocol)的缩写。
Array(阵列)
语境【存储系统】
一种存储阵列,也就是磁盘阵列或者磁
带阵列。
Array Configuration(阵列配置)
语境【存储系统】
"1. 指定磁盘和磁盘操作参数的过程。
磁盘阵列配置包括指定阵列的成员磁盘或者
盘区、指定磁盘的使用顺序,还有设置参数
(例如分条深度、RAID方式、缓冲区大小以
及共享磁盘分配等)等过程。另请参考:
configuration, physical configuration。"
2.磁盘及其操作参数的设置情况,就由
此配置决定。
ArchiveCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"1. (noun) A collection of data that is
maintained as a long-term record of a business,
application, or information state. Archives are
typically kept for auditing, regulatory, analysis
or reference purposes rather than for application
or data recovery. "
2.(verb) To copy or move data for purposes
of retention; to create an archive(1).
ARM1.Acronym for application response
measurement.
"2.A common microprocessor architecture,
as well as the name of the company that created
the architecture. "
ARPCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Address Resolution Protocol.
ArrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A storage array, i.e., a disk array or tape
array."
Array configurationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"1. Assignment of the disks and operating
parameters for a disk array. Disk array
configuration includes designating the array’s
member disks or extents and the order in which
they are to be used, as well as setting parameters
such as stripe depth, RAID model, cache
allowance, spare disk assignments, etc. cf.
configuration, physical configuration."
2.The arrangement of disks and operating
parameters that results from such an assignment.
14
ASIC专用集成电路(Application Specific
Integrated Circuit)的缩写。
Association_Header(关联报头)
语境【Fibre Channel】
用以将Fibre Channel的交换与终端系统
中的某个过程、系统映像或者多交换 I/O 操
作关联起来的可选报头。有时候也作为交换
标识符管理的一部分。
Assurance(保证)
语境【安全】
论证一个 IT 产品或系统达到安全目的
和目标的持续的基本原则的过程。
Assurance Level(保证级别)
语境【安全】
系统的运转与它的目的和目标一致的信
心程度。保证级别的获得一般与消耗在分析
系统在正常或者意外情况下的功能上的精力
有关。
Asymmetric Cryptosystem(不对
称加密)
语境【安全】
一种加密算法。在这种加密算法中,加
密和解密过程分别使用不同的密钥,其中一
个密钥是不公开的,称为私钥,另一个密钥
是公开的,称为公钥。
Asymmetric Virtualization(不对
称虚拟化)
带外虚拟化(out-of-band virtualization)
的同义词。Out-of-band virtualization 更为常
用一些。
ASICAcronym for Application Specific
Integrated Circuit.
Association_HeaderCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An optional header used to associate a
Fibre Channel exchange with a process, system
image, or multi-exchange I/O operation on an
end system. May also be used as part of Exchange
Identifier management."
AssuranceCONTEXT 【Security】
Process for demonstrating that the security
goals and objectives for an IT product or system
are met on a continuing basis.
.
Assurance levelCONTEXT 【Security】
The degree of confidence that a system will
behave in accordance with its goals and
objectives. The level of assurance obtained is
generally related to the effort expended in
analyzing the functioning of the system under
both normal and unexpected conditions.
Asymmetric cryptosystemCONTEXT 【Security】
A cryptographic algorithm in which
different keys are used to encrypt and decrypt a
single message or block of stored information.
One of the keys is kept secret and referred to as
a private key; the other key can be freely disclosed
and is called a public key.
Asymmetric virtualizationSynonym for out-of-band virtualization.
Out-of-band virtualization is the preferred term.
15
Asynchronous I/O Request(异步
I/O请求)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
执行异步 I/O 操作的请求。
Asynchronous I/O Operation(异
步 I/O 操作)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
一种 I/O操作,在这种 I/O操作中,发起
者并不等待操作完成而直接继续处理其他工
作。异步 I/O操作使得一个发起者可以同时
处理多个并发 I/O操作。
Asynchronous replication(异步
复制)
语境【存储设备】
复制技术是指在写被响应到主机之前,
数据必须被承诺存储在单独的一级站点而不
是存储在二级站点。当网络容量允许时数据
传向二级站点。
Asynchronous Transfer Mode(异
步传输模式)
语境【网络】
一种基于交换 53 字节固定长度数据单
元(称为信元)的面向连接的数据传输技术。
缩写为 ATM。每个信元都是动态路由的。
ATM传输速率是51.840Mbps的整数倍。在
美国,一个称为 SONET 的公共传输服务使
用ATM的传输速度有155 Mbps、622 Mbps、
2048 Mbps 和 9196Mbps。它们相应地称为
OC-3、OC-12、OC-48和OC-192。在欧洲使
用的是一个称为 SDH 的类似的服务。ATM
也用作 LAN 的基础结构,有时候使用与
SONET 和 SDH 不同的传输速度和编码方
法。要获取更多相关信息请查看词条 ATM
Forum。
Asynchronous I/O requestCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
A request to perform an asynchronous I/O
operation.
Asynchronous I/O operationCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
An I/O operation whose initiator does not
await its completion before proceeding with
other work. Asynchronous I/O operations enable
an initiator to have multiple concurrent I/O
operations in progress.
Asynchronous replicationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A replication technique in which data must
be committed to storage at only the primary site
and not the secondary site before the write is
acknowledged to the host. Data is then forwarded
to the secondary site as the network capabilities
permit.
Asynchronous Transfer ModeCONTEXT 【Network】
" A c o n n e c t i o n - o r i e n t e d d a t a
communications technology based on switching
53 byte fixed-length units of data called cells.
Abbreviated ATM. Each cell is dynamically
routed. ATM transmission rates are multiples of
51.840 Mbits per second. In the United States, a
public communications service called SONET
uses ATM at transmission rates of 155, 622,
2048, and 9196 Mbits per second. These are
called OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192
respectively. A similar service called SDH is
offered in Europe. ATM is also used as a LAN
infrastructure, sometimes with different
transmission rates and coding methods than are
offered with SONET and SDH. More
16
ATA高级技术附加装置(A d v a n c e d
Technology Attachment)的缩写。
ATM语境【网络】
异步传输模式(Asynchronous Transfer
Mode)的缩写。
Atomic operation(原子化操作)
一种不可分割的操作。从外部看,原子
化操作要么整体发生,要么根本不发生。例
如,在实现业务交易的数据库管理系统中,
把每一笔业务交易都作为数据库上的原子化
操作。这就意味着组成业务的所有数据库更
新操作或者都被执行,或者一个也不被执
行;一部分更新操作被执行,而其它更新操
作不被执行的情况永远不可能发生。RAID
阵列必须实现原子化的写操作,使得客户机
能够正确地重组单磁盘语义。原子化操作用
以确保部分组件的失效不会破坏存储的数
据。
Attack(攻击)
语境【安全】
试图绕开系统中安全控制的行为。
Attenuation(衰减)
光(或者电)传输方与接收方之间的能
量损耗。以分贝(dB)值度量。
Audit trail(审计)
语境【网络】【安全】
按照时间顺序排列的一系列系统行为的
information is available from the ATM Forum."
ATAAcronym for Advanced Technology
Attachment.
ATMCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Asynchronous Transfer
Mode.
Atomic operation"An indivisible operation that, from an
external perspective, occurs either in its entirety
or not at all. For example, database management
systems that implement the concept of business
transactions treat each business transaction as
an atomic operation on the database. This means
that either all of the database updates that
comprise a transaction are performed or none of
them are performed; it is never the case that
some of them are performed and others not.
RAID arrays must implement atomic write
operations to properly reproduce single-disk
semantics from the perspective of their clients.
Atomic operations are required to ensure that
component failures do not corrupt stored data."
AttackCONTEXT 【Security】
The act of trying to bypass security controls
on a system.
AttenuationThe power dissipation between an optical
or electrical transmitter and a receiver. Expressed
in units of decibels (dB).
Audit trailCONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
"A chronological record of system activities
17
记录,用以重构和检查某个对象所发生的一
系列事件或者变化。术语“审计”可以应用
在信息系统中的信息上,或者通信系统中的
消息路由上,还可以应用在任何敏感材料或
者敏感信息的状态变化上。
Authentication(验证)
语境【网络】
确定服务的请求者或者提供者合法身份
的过程。
语境【安全】
一种安全机制,用以确定传输、消息、
发起者的有效性,或者是一种安全方法用以
验证某个个体接收信息的身份权限。
Authentication header(验证报
头)
语境【安全】
IPsec 的一个组成部分,允许规范化各
种为提供无连接完整性、数据源验证和可选
的反回放服务而设计的验证机制。Internet工
程任务组(Internet Engineering Task Force,
IETF)为验证报头制定了标准。
Authenticity(真实性)
语境【安全】
一种用以表明对象或资源的身份是已经
经过了声明的性质。真实性可用于用户、进
程、系统及信息等这些实体。
Authorization(授权)
语境【网络】【安全】
1.【网络】一种用以确定请求者是否可
以接受服务或者执行某种操作的处理过程。
访问控制是授权的一个例子。
2.【安全】一种限定信息系统资源只能
由授权用户、程序、进程或者其他系统使用
的限制机制。访问控制是授权机制的一个特
that enables the reconstruction and examination
of a sequence of events and/or changes in an
object. The term audit trail may apply to
information in an information system, to message
routing in a communications system, or to any
transfer of sensitive material and/or information."
AuthenticationCONTEXT 【Network】
The process of determining what principal
a requestor or provider of services is or represents.
CONTEXT 【Security】
"A security measure designed to establish
the validity of a transmission, message, or
originator, or a means of verifying an individual's
authorization to receive information."
Authentication headerCONTEXT【Security】
"A component of IPsec that permits the
specification of various authentication
mechanisms designed to provide connectionless
integrity, data origin authentication, and an
optional anti-replay service. Standardized by
the Internet Engineering Task Force."
AuthenticityCONTEXT 【Security】
"The property that the identity of a subject
or resource is the one claimed. Authenticity
applies to entities such as users, processes,
systems and information."
AuthorizationCONTEXT 【Network】 【Security】
1.【Network】 The process of determining
that a requestor is allowed to receive a service or
perform an operation. Access control is an
example of authorization.
"2.【Security】 The limiting of usage of
information system resources to authorized users,
18
例。从形式上看,授权总是被目标对象描述
成控制的使用。
Auto swap(自动交换)
自动交换(automatic swap)的缩写。另
请参考:cold swap,hot swap和warm swap。
Automated cartridge system(自
动化磁带系统)
语境【数据恢复】
robot 的同义词。
Automatic backup(自动备份)
语境【数据恢复】
一种由某个事件(例如到达特定时间或
者到达某个阀值)触发,而不是人为触发的
备份过程。
Automatic failover(自动故障接
管)
无需人为介入的故障接管过程。
Automatic swap(自动交换)
使用备用单元来替换系统中失效的原工
作单元的过程,在该过程中,系统自行完成
替换过程,同时继续执行正常操作(但是系
统性能在替换过程中可能会降低)。自动交
换是一种功能替换过程而不是物理替换过
程,并且不需要人为介入。但是最终,失效
组件必须在某个物理热交换、温交换或者冷
交换操作中被替换。另请参考:cold swap,
hot swap,warm swap 和 hot spare。
Automatic switchover(自动故障
切换)
自动故障接管(automatic failover)的同
义词。
programs, processes or other systems. Access
control is a specific type of authorization.
Authorization is formally described as
controlling usage by subjects of objects."
Auto swap"Abbreviation for automatic swap . cf. cold
swap, hot swap, warm swap."
Automated cartridge systemCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Synonym for robot.
Automatic backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"A backup triggered by an event (e.g., a
schedule point, or a threshold reached) rather
than by human action."
Automatic failoverFailover that occurs without human
intervention.
Automatic swap"The substitution of a replacement unit
(RU) in a system for a defective one, where the
substitution is performed by the system itself
while it continues to perform its normal function
(possibly at a reduced rate of performance).
Automatic swaps are functional rather than
physical substitutions, and do not require human
intervention. Ultimately, however, defective
components must be replaced in a physical hot,
warm, or cold swap operation. cf. cold swap, hot
swap, warm swap, hot spare."
Automatic switchoverSynonym for automatic failover.
19
Availability(可用性)
系统在一段时间(期望使用时间,即在
这段时间里,期望系统总是可用的)里可用
的时间量。可用性经常以一年内可用时间的
比例来衡量,例如,假设系统的期望使用时
间为一年,那么可用性为 99.95%表示这一
年中系统将有4.38小时不可用(0.0005×365
× 24= 4.38)。另请参考:data availability,
high availability。
BB_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
桥接设备上的桥接端口,用以扩展
Fibre Channel的内部交换连接。一个B_Port
只能与光纤交换机上的一个 E_Port连接。
B2D语境【数据恢复】
备份到磁盘(Backup to Disk)的缩写。
B2T语境【数据恢复】
备份到磁带(Backup to Tape)的缩写。
Backing store(常备存储)
非易失性存储器。常备存储这一术语经
常被用来和高速缓存(cache)作对比,通常
情况下,cache 是一种易失性的随机访问存
储器,用以加速 I/O操作的执行。保留在易
失性缓存中的数据必须复制到或者保存到一
个非易失性的常备存储中去,以便在系统崩
溃或者出现电源故障的时候这些数据不会丢
失。
Backup(备份)
语境【数据恢复】
1.(名词)存储在非易失性存储介质(通
常是可移动存储介质)上的数据集合,在原
始数据丢失或者不可访问时,可用该数据集
Availability"The amount of time that a system is
available during those time periods when it is
expected to be available. Availability is often
measured as a percentage of an elapsed year. For
example, 99.95% availability equates to 4.38
hours of downtime in a year (0.0005 * 365 * 24
= 4.38) for a system that is expected to be
available all the time. cf. data availability, high
availability."
B_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The “Bridge” port within a bridge device
used to extend a Fibre Channel inter-switch link.
A B_Port connects only to an E_Port on a Fibre
Channel switch.
B2DCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for Backup to Disk.
B2TCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for Backup to Tape.
Backing store"Non-volatile memory. The term backing
store is often used to contrast with cache, which
is a (usually) volatile random access memory
used to speed up I/O operations. Data held in a
volatile cache must be replicated in or saved to
a non-volatile backing store so that it can survive
a system crash or power failure."
BackupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"1. (noun) A collection of data stored on
(usually removable) non-volatile storage media
for purposes of recovery in case the original
20
合进行数据恢复。备份又称为备份拷贝。为
了保证数据恢复时备份的可用性,备份必须
在一致性的状态下通过拷贝原始数据镜像来
实现。
2.(名词)创建备份(定义1)的过程。
3.(动词)创建备份的操作。另请参考:
archive。
Backup client(备份客户机)
语境【数据恢复】
包含需要备份的在线数据的计算机系
统。
Backup copy(备份拷贝)
语境【数据恢复】
备份拷贝是指可用于恢复特定的原始数
据集的拷贝构成的数据集合。为了确保备份
的可用性,备份拷贝可能需要重建。另请参
考:replica。
Backup manager(备份管理器)
语境【数据恢复】
用以调度和管理备份操作的应用程序。
Backup policy(备份策略)
语境【数据恢复】
一种IT安装规则,决定备份执行的时间
和方式。备份策略指定了备份的信息,例如
需要备份的文件或者目录名、备份执行的时
间、可以接收备份的设备和介质、进行备份
的份数,以及备份操作失败时的处理等。
Backup to Disk(备份到磁盘)
语境【数据恢复】
备份到磁盘介质。缩写为 B2D。
copy of data is lost or becomes inaccessible.
Also called backup copy. To be useful for
recovery, a backup must be made by copying the
source data image when it is in a consistent
state."
2. (noun) A process that creates a backup
(definition 1).
3. (verb) The act of creating a backup. cf.
archive.
Backup clientCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A computer system containing online data
to be backed up.
Backup copyCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A backup copy is a collection of data that
constitutes a recoverable copy of a given set of
data. Backup copies may require a restore in
order to be usable. cf. replica.
Backup managerCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
An application program whose purpose is
to schedule and manage backup operations.
Backup policyCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"An IT installation's rules for how and
when backup should be performed. Backup
policies specify information such as which files
or directories are to be backed up, the schedule
on which backups should occur, which devices
and media are eligible to receive the backups,
how many copies are to be made, and actions to
be performed if a backup does not succeed."
Backup to DiskCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Backup onto disk media. Acronym B2D.
21
Backup to Tape(备份到磁带)
语境【数据恢复】
备份到磁带介质。缩写为 B2T。
Backup window(备份窗口)
语境【数据恢复】
对数据进行备份而不严重影响使用该数
据的应用程序时,进行数据备份的时间间
隔。例如,如果应用程序从上午8 点直到子
夜都在访问数据,那么从子夜到上午8点之
间的窗口都可以用来备份数据。离线备份需
要保证应用程序在备份过程中不会更新数
据。在线备份一般使用时间点拷贝技术来制
作原始数据的一致性镜像。如果备份除了应
用程序外,还使用到其它不同的资源(存储
设备、I/O路径和处理资源),这种情况在分
离镜像时间点拷贝中极为常见,那么备份窗
口就是创建镜像所需要的时间。如果在线备
份与使用备份数据的应用程序共享资源,这
种情况在写时拷贝的时间点拷贝中极为常
见,那么备份窗口可能会因为资源竞争而增
加。
Bandwidth(带宽)
1.电磁辐射带的高频与低频之差。
2.数据传输能力(data transfer capacity)
的同义词。
Basic input output system(基本输入输
出系统)
在个人电脑中,驻留在可编程的非易失
性存储器中的、负责启动计算机和运行某些
与操作系统无关的 I/O操作的一段相对较小
的程序。缩写为BIOS。标准的BIOS中断是
允许访问计算机磁盘、视频和其他硬件设备
的(例如,INT13 是访问磁盘的中断)。
Backup to TapeCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Backup onto tape media. Acronym B2T.
Backup windowCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"An interval of time during which a set of
data can be backed up without seriously affecting
applications that use the data. For example, if an
application accesses data from 8AM until
midnight, then the window between midnight
and 8AM is available for making backup copies.
Offline backups require that applications not
update data during the backup. Online backups
typically use point in time copy technology to
create consistent images of data for backup. If a
backup uses different resources (storage devices,
I/O paths, processing power) than the application,
as is common with split mirror point-in-time
copies, then the backup window is the time
required to create the image. If the online backup
shares resources with the applications using the
data, as is common with copy-on-write point in
time copies, the backup window may be
increased due to resource contention."
Bandwidth1.The numerical difference between the
upper and lower frequencies of a band of
electromagnetic radiation.
2.Synonym for data transfer capacity.
Basic input output system
"A relatively small program that resides in
programmable, non-volatile memory on a
personal computer and that is responsible for
booting that computer and performing certain
operating system independent I/O operations.
Abbreviated BIOS. Standard BIOS interrupts
are defined to allow access to the computer's
disk, video and other hardware components (for
example, INT13 for disk access)."
22
Baud(波特率)
语境【网络】
在通信线路中,信号状态每秒钟变化的
最大速度。如果每个信号状态变化都对应于
一个代码位,那么波特率和比特率就是相同
的。当然,每个信号状态变化也可以对应于
多个代码位,这样的话,波特率就会比代码
比特率要低一些。
Bayone t Ne i l Counc i lman(connector)
语境【网络】
一种同轴电缆连接器,有时候使用在以
太网应用中。缩写为BNC。EIA/TIA 403-A
和MIL-C-39012包括了BNC连接器的规范。
BB_buffer语境【Fibre Channel】
与缓冲区到缓冲区流量控制(buffer to
buffer flow control)相关的缓冲区。
BB_credit语境【Fibre Channel】
Buffer-to-buffer 信用量;在使用缓冲区
到缓冲区的流量控制策略条件下,用以确定
可以送往某个接收器的数据帧数。
Beginning running disparity(开
始时连续不均衡性)
语境【Fibre Channel】
初始传输一个有序集时,传输方或者接
收方上出现的连续不均衡性。
BER语境【网络】【存储设备】
误码率(Bit Error Rate)的缩写。
BaudCONTEXT 【Network】
"The maximum rate of signal state changes
per second on a communications circuit. If each
signal state change corresponds to a code bit,
then the baud rate and the bit rate are the same.
It is also possible for signal state changes to
correspond to more than one code bit, so the
baud rate may be lower than the code bit rate."
Bayone t Ne i l Counc i lman(connector)
CONTEXT 【Network】
A type of coaxial cable connector
sometimes used in Ethernet applications.
Abbreviated BNC. The specification for BNC
connectors is contained in EIA/TIA 403-A and
MIL-C-39012.
BB_bufferCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A buffer associated with buffer to buffer
flow control.
BB_creditCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Buffer-to-buffer credit; used to determine
how many frames can be sent to a recipient when
buffer to buffer flow control is in use.
Beginning running disparityCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The running disparity present at a
transmitter or receiver when an ordered set is
initiated.
BERCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
Device】
Acronym for Bit Error Rate.
23
Berkeley RAID Levels(BerkeleyRAID级别)
语境【存储系统】
一系列磁盘阵列数据保护和映射技术,
这些技术是 Garth Gibson、Randy Katz 和
David Patterson 三人在加利福尼亚大学伯克
利分校进行 I/O子系统研究时所发表的论文
中提出的。共有六种Berkeley RAID等级,从
RAID 等级 1 到 RAID 等级 6。另请参考:
RAID 0,RAID 1,RAID 2,RAID 3,RAID
4,RAID 5,RAID 6。
Best effort (class of service)尽力
传送(服务级别)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
指这样的一类服务,该服务并不保证报
文、数据帧或者数据报的正确传输,而是由
网络、结构或者是互联尽最大可能地进行合
理的传输。
Big endian(大端)
存储或者传输二进制数据的一种方式,
在这种方式中,数据字节的最高比特位存储
在最低位地址中,或者在串行连接中最先被
传输。
BIOS基本输入输出系统(basic input output
system)的缩写。
Bit error rate(误码率)
语境【网络】【存储设备】
每个传输的数据位被错误接收的概率。
缩写为BER。BER可以通过计算接收方输出
端的出错数据位位数并除以传输数据的总位
数来求得。BER一般使用 10 的负幂次方来
表示。
Berkeley RAID LevelsCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A family of disk array data protection and
mapping techniques described by Garth Gibson,
Randy Katz, and David Patterson in papers
written while they were performing research
into I/O subsystems at the University of
California at Berkeley. There are six Berkeley
RAID Levels, usually referred to by the names
RAID Level 1, etc., through RAID Level 6. . cf.
RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 2, RAID 3, RAID 4,
RAID 5, RAID 6."
Best effort (class of service)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
"A class of service which does not guarantee
delivery of packets, frames, or datagrams, but
for which the network, fabric, or interconnect
makes every reasonable delivery effort."
Big endian"A format for the storage and transmission
of binary data in which the most significant bits
are stored at the numerically lowest addresses,
or are transmitted first on a serial link."
BIOSAcronym for basic input output system.
Bit error rateCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
Device】
The probability that a transmitted bit will
be erroneously received. Abbreviated BER. The
BER is measured by counting the number of bits
in error at the output of a receiver and dividing
by the total number of bits in the transmission.
BER is typically expressed as a negative power
of 10.
24
Bit synchronization(位同步)
串行通数据接收方建立时钟的过程,该
时钟用来在接收的数据中确定编码位。
Black(黑色指示)
语境【安全】
指在安全分析语境中的,一种指示性标
志以明确说明在信息系统和相关区域、电
路、组件和设备中哪些信息是敏感的并且不
被处理。
Blind mating(盲配)
在没有电气或者光学连接点可见的情况
下,组件对就进行互联的能力。盲配通常使
用机械导向(例如插槽和轨道)来实现。
Block(块)
语境【Fibre Channel】【存储设备】【存
储系统】
1.在磁盘和磁带设备中,数据存储和检
索的基本单位。块是数据识别(通过数据头
和块头进行)和数据保护(通过 CRC或者
ECC 校验)的原子化数据单元。
2.单个数据传输序列的单个信息类中的
应用数据单元。
Block addressing(块编址)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
能够惟一标识存储在磁盘或者磁带介质
上数据块的数字,并且将这些数字转换为存
储介质上的实际物理位置的一种算法。另请
参考: C-H-S addressing。
Bit synchronizationThe process by which the receiver of a
serial communication establishes its clocking
used to locate code bits in a received data stream.
BlackCONTEXT 【Security】
"A designation applied to information
systems in the context of security analysis, and
to associated areas, circuits, components, and
equipment, in which sensitive information is not
processed."
Blind mating"The ability of pairs of components to be
connected without the electrical or optical
connection points being visible. Blind mating is
usually accomplished by mechanical guides (e.g.,
slots and rails) on the components."
BlockCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Storage
Device】 【Storage System】
1.The unit in which data is stored and
retrieved on disk and tape devices. Blocks are
the atomic unit of data recognition (through a
preamble and block header) and protection
(through a CRC or ECC).
2.A unit of application data from a single
information category that is transferred within a
single sequence.
Block addressingCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
"An algorithm for uniquely identifying
blocks of data stored on disk or tape media by
number, and then translating these numbers into
physical locations on the media. cf. C-H-S
addressing"
25
Block virtualization(块虚拟化)
为了向客户提供一种新的聚集的、更高
级的、更丰富的、更简单的以及安全的块服
务,将虚拟化技术应用到一种或者多种基于
块的(存储)服务的作法。另请参考: f i le
virtualization。块虚拟化功能可以嵌套。磁盘
驱动器、RAID 系统或者卷管理器都可以完
成一些形式的块地址到块地址映射或者聚
集。
BNC语境【网络】
Bayonet Neil Councilman(一种同轴电
缆连接器)的缩写。
EIA/TIA 403-A and MIL-C-39012 标准
中定义了 BNC连接器的规范。
Boot/Booting/Bootstrapping(启
动 / 引导 / 自举)
将磁盘或者其他存储设备中的代码加载
到计算机内存的过程。自举是一个非常恰到
好处的术语,因为代码载入一般都是逐步进
行的,以最简单的程序(BIOS)作为开始,
BIOS初始化计算机硬件,并从先前确定的
磁盘的固定位置读取数据块,并将这些数据
块放进内存的固定位置。这些数据块就是自
举过程下一步要执行的代码,通常是一段操
作系统加载程序。接着,操作系统加载程序
完成硬件的安装,并在内存中运行操作系
统。
Break mirror(消除镜像)
语境【存储系统】
从镜像中删除一个镜像组件,使它和其
它的镜像组件之间的关系无效。被消除镜像
的组件变成一个系统中独立的卷,不再维持
和其它镜像组件的同步关系。
Block virtualization"The act of applying virtualization (q.v.),
to one or more block based (storage) services for
the purpose of providing a new aggregated,
higher level, richer, simpler, secure etc. block
service to clients. cf. file virtualization. Block
virtualization functions can be nested. A disk
drive, RAID system or volume manager all
perform some form of block address to (different)
block address mapping or aggregation."
BNCCONTEXT 【Network】
"Acronym for Bayonet Neil Councilman,
a type of Coaxial Cable Connector."
Specifications for BNC style connectors
are defined in EIA/TIA 403-A and MIL-C-
39012.
Boot/Booting/Bootstrapping"The loading of code from a disk or other
storage device into a computer's memory.
Bootstrapping is an appropriate term since a
code load typically occurs in steps, starting with
a very simple program (BIOS) that initializes
the computer's hardware and reads a sequence
of data blocks from a fixed location on a pre-
determined disk, into a fixed memory location.
The data thus read is the code for the next stage
of bootstrapping - usually an operating system
loader. The loader completes the hardware setup
and results in an executing operating system, in
memory."
Break mirrorCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Remove a mirror component from the
mirror, voiding its relationship with the other
mirror components. The broken mirror
component becomes a standalone volume in the
system, and synchronization with the other mirror
26
Bridge (桥)语境【光纤通信】
1 . 光纤通道桥对在两个交换 E 接口
E_Ports间通过某种技术而使用两个 B 接口
(B_port)的通道提供了一个透明的拓展结
构。结果内部开关连接(ISL)看上去像是交
换机间的直接连接。比如,一个桥对可以从
桥的B 端口(B_Port)获取进来的光纤通道
帧,使用FCIP(IP上的光纤通道)封装该帧并
且通过IP网络把有效负载传输到远程桥,在
那里,原始数据帧通过远程桥的 B 端口
(B_Port)被发送到远程光纤通道结构交换
机的 E端口(E_Port)。
2.光纤通道桥通过其它物理传输网络
技术(比如 iSCSI 或 SCSI 总线)使通信量(
比如 SCSI 初始化控制器或是目标源设备的
命令、块、状态控制字)能够在一段从源设
备到目的设备的光纤通道上传输。在一些情
况下这种桥也被称为物理传输网关或存储路
由
Broadcast(广播)语境【光纤通信】
“一条消息同时传输到连接到一个通信
设备的所有接收者(端口)的传输。广播和单
播(发送一条消息到特定的一个接收者)多
播(发送一条消息到一个选定的接收者构成
的子集)相对。在光纤通信的语境中,广播
特指发送一条消息到所有连接到N端口结构
的所有端口。另请参考: multicast, unicast。”
components is not maintained."
BridgeCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"1. A Fibre Channel Bridge pair provides a
transparent fabric extension between two switch
E_Ports through the use of 2 B_Ports tunneling
through some alternative technology. The
resulting Inter-Switch Link (ISL) “appears” to
be a direct link between switches. For example,
a bridge pair can take an incoming Fibre Channel
frame from one B_Port on a Bridge, encapsulate
that frame using FCIP (Fibre Channel over IP)
and transmit the frame as payload over an IP
network to the remote Bridge where the original
frame is forwarded to the remote Fibre Channel
Fabric switch E_Port through the remote Bridge’
s B_Port."
"2. A Fibre Channel Bridge enables traffic
carried along part of the path from a source
device by Fibre Channel, (for example
commands, blocks, status and control between a
SCSI initiator or target source device) to be
extended to the destination device using an
alternative physical transport network
technology (for example iSCSI or SCSI Bus).
In some cases this “Bridge” is also referred to
as a physical transport gateway, or storage
router."
BroadcastCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
"The simultaneous transmission of a
message to all receivers (ports) connected to a
communication facility. Broadcast can be
contrasted with unicast (sending a message to a
specific receiver) and multicast (sending a
message to select subset of receivers). In a Fibre
Channel context, broadcast specifically refers
to the sending of a message to all N_Ports
connected to a fabric. cf. multicast, unicast"
27
Buffer(缓冲区)
固态存储设备或是程序结构,数据在 I/
O 路径上或者软件组件之间传输的过程中,
用以临时保存数据。缓冲区的存在使得设备
之间可以通过不同数据传输速度的链路进行
通信,也使得具有不同处理速度的设备之间
可以进行交互通信,同时也允许软件组件之
间的通信、数据共享和协调各组件行为。另
请参考: cache。
Buffer to buffer flow control(缓冲
区到缓冲区的流量控制)
语境【Fibre Channel】
两个直接互联的Fibre Channel端口之间
(例如一个N_Port和与之相连的F_Port之间)
采用的流量控制方法。在发送端被要求停止
发送和等待”ready”应答之前,接收端口必
须给出可以接收的帧数量(端口的缓冲区上
限)——信用值。缓冲区到缓冲区的流量控
制只有在一个 NL_Local 端口登陆到另外一
个NL_Local端口或者从Nx端口登录到Fx端
口时才使用。
Bypass circuit(旁路电路)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在有效通信信号丢失的情况下,能够自
动将设备从相应数据通路(比如 F i b r e
Channel仲裁环)上移除的电路。
Byte(字节)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1.数据的 8 位组织形式。
2.数据发送和应用的基本单位。在
Fibre Channel 中,字节的组织表达方式是:
最低位记做第0 位比特,最高位记做第7 位
比特;在FC-PH文档中,除了特别声明例外
的地方外,最高的比特位都出现在左边。
Buffer"A solid state memory device or
programming construct, used to hold data
momentarily as it moves along an I/O path or
between software components. Buffers allow
devices to communicate using links with faster
or slower data transfer speeds, allow devices
with different native processing speeds to
intercommunicate, and allow software
components to intercommunicate, share data
and coordinate their activities. cf. cache"
Buffer to buffer flow controlCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"Flow control that occurs between two
directly connected Fibre Channel ports, e.g., an
N_Port and its associated F_Port. A port indicates
the number of frames buffers that can be sent to
it (its buffer credit), before the sender is required
to stop transmitting and wait for the receipt of a
""ready"" indication. Buffer to buffer flow
control is used only when an NL-Local port is
logged into another NL-Local port, or when Nx
ports are logged into Fx ports."
Bypass circuitCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A circuit that automatically removes a
device from a data path (such as a Fibre Channel
arbitrated loop) when valid signalling is lost.
ByteCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
1. An eight-bit organizational unit for data.
"2. The unit in which data is delivered to
and by applications. In Fibre Channel, bytes are
organized with the least significant bit denoted
as bit 0 and most significant bit as bit 7. The most
significant bit is shown on the left side in FC-PH
documents, unless specifically indicated
otherwise."
28
CCA语境【安全】
认证中心(certification authority)的缩
写。
Cable plant(电缆移植)
硬件系统中发送方和接收方之间所有的
无源通信部件(例如光缆、双绞线、同轴电
缆、连接器或者接合处等)。
Cache(缓存)
1. 为加快访问而暂时保存数据
“2. 数据暂时保存的地方。有各种各样
的缓存类型。读缓存保存了可能被请求的数
据。写缓存保留客户程序写的数据直到它被
保存到其它的存储媒介上(典型的速度比较
慢)比如磁盘或是磁带。另请参考: buffer,
disk cache, write back cache, write through
cache。”
Canister(托架)
语境【存储系统】
一种安放单个磁盘或者磁带的容器。托
架通常设计成安装到机箱内,由该机箱为设
备提供电源、散热以及 I/O总线服务等。托
架尽量减少无线电频率(RF)泄漏并可以简
化多设备存储子系统中设备的安装和卸载。
另请参考: shelf
Carousel(传送带)
语境【数据恢复】
一种控制介质动作的机械手,它是在一
个转动的轮子上存放或选取介质的。
CACONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for certification authority
Cable plant"Al l of an ins ta l la t ion ' s pass ive
communications elements (e.g., optical fiber,
twisted pair, or coaxial cable, connectors, splices,
etc.) between a transmitter and a receiver."
Cache1. To store data temporarily for expedited
access.
"2. The location in which data is stored
temporarily. There are a variety of cache types.
Read cache holds data in anticipation that it will
be requested. Write cache holds data written by
a client until it can be stored on other (typically
slower) storage media such as disk or tape. cf.
buffer, disk cache, write back cache, write
through cache"
CanisterCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"An enclosure for a single disk or tape.
Canisters are usually designed to mount in
shelves, which supply power, cooling, and I/O
bus services to the devices. Canisters are used to
minimize RF emissions and to simplify insertion
and removal of devices in multi-device storage
subsystems. cf. shelf"
CarouselCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A media handling robot in which the media
are stored in and selected from a rotating wheel.
29
Carrier sense multiple access withcollision detection(带冲突检测的载波
侦听多路访问)
语境【网络】
以太网或者快速以太网中使用的一种物
理层数据传输协议。缩写为 CSMA/CD。载
波侦听指对于共享链路的仲裁机制。与“持
续在线”物理层协议不同的是,载波侦听协
议要求需要传输数据的结点等待链路上的载
波(表明有其他结点正在传输数据)空闲。
多路访问指整个数据链路划分为多条用户线
路的技术。大量结点(以太网中可以达到500
个)共享访问同一数据链路。冲突检测指两
个结点同时侦听到载波空闲并同时开始传输
数据,从而形成互相干扰的情况。结点需要
检测这种干扰的发生,同时停止传输数据。
在以太网中,每个正在检测冲突的结点需要
等待一个随机的时间间隔才能重新开始传输
数据。
Cascading(级联)
语境【Fibre Channel】
将两个或者更多的Fibre Channel集线器
或者交换机连接到一起,以增加可用端口数
目或者扩展距离的过程。
Catalog(目录)
语境【数据恢复】【文件系统】
1.【备份】备份文件和目录以及备份拷
贝的存储位置(介质标识符)的信息列表。
备份管理器使用目录来确定必须备份的文
件,并确定为完成数据恢复而需要加载和读
取的介质。
2.【文件系统】在某些文件系统中用以
追踪所管理文件的永久数据结构。
Carrier sense multiple access withcollision detection
CONTEXT 【Network】
"A physical layer data transmission protocol
used in Ethernet and fast Ethernet networks.
Abbreviated CSMA/CD. Carrier sense refers to
arbitration for a shared link. Unlike ""always
on"" physical protocols, carrier sense protocols
require a node wishing to transmit to wait for the
absence of carrier (indicating that another node
is transmitting) on the link. Multiple access
refers to the party line nature of the link. A large
number of nodes (up to 500 in the case of
Ethernet) share access to a single link. Collision
detection refers to the possibility that two nodes
will simultaneously sense absence of carrier and
begin to transmit, interfering with each other.
Nodes are required to detect this interference,
and cease transmitting. In the case of Ethernet,
each node detecting a collision is required to
wait for a random interval before attempting to
transmit again."
CascadingCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The process of connecting two or more
Fibre Channel hubs or switches together to
increase the number of ports or extend distances.
CatalogCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】【File
System】
"1.【Data Recovery】 A stored list of backed
up files and directories and the locations (media
identifiers) of the backup copies. Backup
managers use catalogs to determine what files
must be backed up, and to determine which
media must be mounted and read to perform a
restore."
2. 【File System】 A persistent data
structure used by some file systems to keep track
30
CC语境【安全】
通用标准 Common Criteria 的所写
CDB语境【SCSI】
命令描述符块 Command Descriptor
Block 的所写
CDP语境【数据恢复】
连续数据保护 Continuous Data Protection
的所写
CDR语境【Fibre Channel】
时钟和数据恢复(Clock and Data
Recovery)的缩写。
Cerfificate (认证)
语境【安全】
一个带有数字签名的数据结构,数字签
名是基于公钥并且断定公钥属于一个结构体
中一个鉴别的主题。
Certificate Revocation List(认证
撤回列表)
语境【安全】
一个由认证中心废除的所有认证的时间
戳组成的列表。CRL是由认证中心签署并且
使之对需要依赖认证授权的实体有效。所写
CRL。
Certification authority(认证中心)
语境【安全】
“在公钥基础设施(P u b l i c K e y
Infrastructure,PKI)中,负责发放和回收用户
认证,并保证其符合PKI策略和规程的权威
of the files they manage.
CCCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Common Criteria.
CDBCONTEXT 【SCSI】
Acronym for Command Descriptor Block.
CDPCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for Continuous Data Protection.
CDRCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Clock and Data Recovery.
CertificateCONTEXT 【Security】
A data structure signed with a digital
signature that is based a public key and asserts
that the key belongs to a subject identified in the
structure.
Certificate Revocation ListCONTEXT 【Security】
A time-stamped list of certificates that
have been revoked by the Certification Authority.
The CRL is signed by the issuing CA and is
made available to entities that need to rely on a
certificate for authentication. Acronym CRL.
Certification authorityCONTEXT 【Security】
"In a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), the
authority and organization responsible for issuing
and revoking user certificates, and ensuring
31
机构。”
Challenge(挑战)语境【安全】
在身份鉴定对话框中必须使用秘密的或
是假定的只有另外一方知道的步骤来回答问
题的步骤。一个挑战可以象“你的密码是什
么?”这样的简单问题,也可以很复杂,例
如,“发送你右眼视网膜扫描结果给我。”
C h a l l e n g e H a n d s h a k eAuthentication Protocol(挑战握手鉴定
协议)语境【安全】
一种基于密码的鉴定协议,它使用一个
挑战来证实一个用户有权访问系统。
Changed block/changed blockpoint in time copy(改变块 /改变块时
间点拷贝)
语境【存储系统】
指时间点拷贝的任何类型的实现或拷贝
结果,其中拷贝数据和源数据共享没有被操
作改变的部分(改变可以发生在源或可写的
拷贝上)。存储的物理拷贝只发生在修改之
后(源数据被改变,或者拷贝数据可写并被
改变)。改变块的拷贝,只含占用从时间点拷
贝逻辑上的开始时间后那些发生改变了的数
据块存储空间。
Channel(通道)
1.【存储】专指某种电子电路,它可以
compliance with the PKI policies and
procedures."
ChallengeCONTEXT 【Security】
A step in an authentication dialog that must
be answered using either a secret or process
assumed to be known only by the other party. A
challenge can be as simple as “What’s your
password?” or as complex as “Send me the
result of a retinal scan of your right eye.”
C h a l l e n g e H a n d s h a k eAuthentication Protocol
CONTEXT 【Security】
A password-based authentication protocol
that uses a challenge to verify that a user has
access to a system. A hash of the supplied
password with the challenge is sent for
comparison so the cleartext password in never
sent over the connection.
Changed block/changed blockpoint in time copy
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Any of a class of point in time copy
implementations or the resulting copies in which
the copy and its source share storage for portions
(usually blocks) of the copy that are not
subsequently modified (in the source, or in the
copy if the copy is writeable). Storage is
physically copied only as a consequence of
modifications (to the source, or to the copy if the
copy is writeable). A changed block copy
occupies only the storage necessary to hold the
blocks of storage that have been changed since
the point in time at which the copy logically
occurred."
Channel1.【storage】 The electrical circuits that
32
在记录介质上侦测到或造成某种状态改变,
并进而将状态改变转换为可以表示成数据比
特位的电信号。
“2.【I/O】I/O总线(I/O bus)的同义词。
这个术语在其他计算机技术分支中具有不同
的含义。这里给出的定义是在存储和网络语
境中的定义。另请参考: device channel,
device I/O bus, I/O bus, host I/O bus。”
Character(字符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1. 在普通的计算用法中,字符是字节
(byte)的同义词。
2.FC-1 设备传输和接收的 10 位数据信
息单元。8B/10B编码方法提供了8位数据与
10位传输字符之间的映射转换关系。一些传
输字符表示特殊代码,同时并不是所有的10
位数据串都是有效的传输字符。
Character cell interface(字符界
面)
命令行界面(command interface)的同
义词。
Check data(校验数据)
语境【存储系统】
奇偶数据(parity data)的同义词。
Checkpoint(校验点)
语境【数据恢复】【文件系统】
在某个时间点记录的关于应用程序的状
态信息,包括程序数据、内存中的变量、程
序计数器以及从记录状态点继续执行应用程
序所需的其他上下文信息。
在文件系统(比如高性能文件系统
HPFS或 Andrews文件系统 AFS)中,是指
将缓存中的元数据(关于文件系统结构的数
sense or cause the state changes in recording
media and convert between those state changes
and electrical signals that can be interpreted as
data bits.
"2. 【I/O】 Synonym for I/O bus. The term
channel has other meanings in other branches of
computer technology. The definitions given here
are commonly used when discussing storage
and networking. cf. device channel, device I/O
bus, I/O bus, host I/O bus"
CharacterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"1.In general computing usage, synonym
for byte."
2. A 10-bit information unit transmitted
and received by FC-1. 8B/10B encoding provides
the mapping between 8 bits of data and a 10 bit
transmission character. Some transmission
characters correspond to special codes and not
all 10 bit sequences represent valid transmission
characters.
Character cell interfaceSynonym for command line interface.
Check dataCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for parity data.
CheckpointCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】 【File
System】
"1.The recorded state of an application at
an instant of time, including data, in-memory
variables, program counter, and all other context
that would be required to resume application
execution from the recorded state."
"2.An activity of a file system (such as the
33
据)周期性地写回文件系统的永久存储器中
的一次写动作。校验点是文件系统在发生意
外停止时保持一致性的一种措施。
Chunk (条带)语境【存储系统】
条带(strip)的同义词。
Chunk size(条带尺寸)
语境【存储系统】
分条深度(stripe depth)和条带尺寸
(strip size)的同义词。
C-H-S addressing(C-H-S 编址)
语境【存储系统】
柱面号-磁头号-扇区号编址方式。是
cylinder-head-sector addressing的缩写。
CID语境【iSCSI】
连接标识(Connection Identifier) 的缩
写
CIFS语境【文件系统】
通用 I n t e r n e t 文件系统(C o m m o n
Internet File System)的缩写。
CIM语境【管理】【网络】
公共信息模型(Common Information
Model)的缩写。
Cipher(加密)
语境【安全】
任何通过任意符号或者符号组合来表示
明文单元信息的加密系统,或者通过重组明
文单元信息的方式进行加密的加密系统,当
然也可以是同时使用上述两种方法进行加密
的加密系统。
High Performance File System, HPFS, or the
Andrews File System, AFS) in which cached
meta data (data about the structures of the file
system) is periodically written to the file system's
permanent store. This allows the file system to
maintain consistency if an unexpected stop
occurs."
ChunkCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for strip.
Chunk sizeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for stripe depth and strip size.
C-H-S addressingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for cylinder-head-sector
addressing.
CIDCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Acronym for Connection Identifier.
CIFSCONTEXT 【File System】
Acronym for Common Internet File
System.
CIMCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
Acronym for Common Information Model.
CipherCONTEXT 【Security】
"Any cryptographic system in which
arbitrary symbols or groups of symbols, represent
units of plain text or in which units of plain text
are rearranged, or both."
34
Ciphertext(密文)
语境【安全】
出于安全目的,经过加密处理的数据。
另请参考: cleartext。
Circuit(电路)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
通信电路(communication circuit)的同
义词。
CKD architecture(CKD 体系结
构)
语境【存储系统】
count-key-data磁盘体系结构的同义词。
Class 1语境【Fibre Channel】
一种面向连接的通信服务,在这种通信
服务中,两个端口之间的链路的所有带宽都
用以进行这两个端口之间的通信,而不用于
其他的用途。也称为专用连接服务。Class 1
服务并没有广泛使用。另请参考: intermix。
Class 2语境【Fibre Channel】
一种无连接的 Fibre Channel 通信服务,
在这种通信服务中,采用复用技术处理去往
或来自一个或多个N_Port或者NL_Port端口
的数据帧。Class 2通信服务中的数据帧都需
要接收方进行显式确认,并且在发送失败时
需要提供通告机制。这种服务包含了端到端
流量控制技术。
Class 3语境【Fibre Channel】
一种无连接的 Fibre Channel 通信服务,
在这种通信服务中,采用复用技术处理去往
或来自一个或多个N_Port或者NL_Port端口
的数据帧。Class 3通信服务中的数据帧是数
CiphertextCONTEXT 【Security】
Data that has been encrypted for security
reasons. cf. cleartext
CircuitCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
Synonym for communication circuit.
CKD (architecture)CONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for count-key-data disk
architecture.
Class 1CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A c o n n e c t i o n - o r i e n t e d c l a s s o f
communication service in which the entire
bandwidth of the link between two ports is
dedicated for communication between the ports
and not used for other purposes. Also known as
dedicated connection service. Class 1 service is
not widely implemented. cf. intermix
Class 2CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A connectionless Fibre Channel
communication service which multiplexes
frames from one or more N_Ports or NL_Ports.
Class 2 frames are explicitly acknowledged by
the receiver, and notification of delivery failure
is provided. This class of service includes end to
end flow control."
Class 3CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A connectionless Fibre Channel
communication service which multiplexes
frames to or from one or more N_Portsor
NL_Ports. Class 3 frames are datagrams, hat is
35
据报文,区别就在于这些数据帧不需要接收
方显式地确认,并且数据发送是基于“尽力
传送”原则进行的。
Class 4语境【Fibre Channel】
一种面向连接的通信服务,在这种通信
服务中,两个端口之间的通信链路的一部分
带宽被分配用来进行这两个端口之间的通
信。余下的带宽可能用作其他通信的目的。
Class 4通信服务支持发送端以最大时间间隔
将数据帧发送到接收端。也称为分片服务
(fractional service)。Class 4通信服务没有被
广泛使用。
Class 6语境【Fibre Channel】
一种面向连接的通信服务,这种通信服
务适用于两个 Fibre Channel 端口之间的通
信,并为可靠多播通信提供了专门的单向连
接。也称为单向专用连接服务(u n i -
directional dedicated connection service)。
Class 6 通信服务没有被广泛使用。
Classified information(机密信息)
语境【安全】
由某个适当的机构所决定的、需要加以
保护以防未经授权的访问的信息,并因此为
标识其机密状态而打上某种标记。
Class of service(服务类别)
语境【网络】【Fibre Channel】
1.通过指定消息或者报文的优先级的
办法来管理网络通信的一种机制。
2.是 Fibre Channel 通信链路传输层的
特性和保证。Fibre Channel 服务类别包括:
面向连接的服务(Class 1)、带端到端流量
控制的、确保的数据帧传输(Class 2)、打
they are not explicitly acknowledged, and
delivery is on a ""best effort"" basis."
Class 4CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A c o n n e c t i o n - o r i e n t e d c l a s s o f
communication service in which a fraction of
the bandwidth of the link between two ports is
dedicated for communication between the ports.
The remaining bandwidth may be used for other
purposes. Class 4 service supports bounds on
the maximum time to deliver a frame from
sender to receiver. Also known as fractional
service. Class 4 service is not widely
implemented.
Class 6CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A c o n n e c t i o n - o r i e n t e d c l a s s o f
communication service between two Fibre
Channel ports that provides dedicated
unidirectional connections for reliable multicast.
Also known as uni-directional dedicated
connection service. Class 6 service is not widely
implemented.
Classified informationCONTEXT 【Security】
Information that an appropriate agency has
determined to require protection against
unauthorized disclosure and has caused to be
marked to indicate its classified status.
Class of serviceCONTEXT 【Networking】 【Fibre
Channel】
1. A mechanism for managing traffic in a
network by specifying message or packet
priority.
"2.The characteristics and guarantees of
the transport layer of a Fibre Channel circuit.
36
包数据报文(Class 3)、具有服务质量保证
的子通道(例如固定子通道速度或者固定延
迟,Class 4)。不同的服务类别可以在一个
fabric上共存。在Class 3 链路中,传输的格
式和可靠性可能会随着网络的拓扑结构的不
同而不同。
3. 数据确认和分组的打包过程是基于优
先级标记(位于报文的报头)或者其他机制
(例如IETF的差分业务DiffSer中定义的“逐
跳行为”机制)进行的。
Cleartext(明文)
语境【安全】
明文(plaintext)另一种表达术语。未
经加密的数据信息暗示着数据没有被衍导和
重新排列,数据是其原始的排列。
CLI命令行界面(command line interface)的
缩写。
Client(客户端)
1.可以向其他智能设备、系统或者专
用服务设备发出请求的智能设备或系统。另
请参考: server。
2.表示一种与第二方对象(服务器)的
不对称关系,在这种关系中,客户端发送请
求,而服务器负责响应这些请求。
Client service request(客户端服
务请求)
语境【Fibre Channel】
客户端应用对于某种众所周知服务的请
求。例如名字服务查询请求就是一种客户端
服务请求。
Fibre Channel classes of service include:
connection services (Classes 1), guaranteed
frame delivery with end to end flow control
(Class 2), packetized frame datagrams (Class
3), quality of service sub-channels (e.g., constant
sub rate or constant latency) (Class 4). Different
classes of service may simultaneously exist in a
fabric. The form and reliability of delivery in
Class 3 circuits may vary with the topology.
Different classes of service may simultaneously
exist in a fabric."
"3.The identification and grouping of data
packets based on a priority label (in the packet
header) or via other mechanisms (such as ""per
hop behavior"", defined by the IETF's
Differentiated Services)."
CleartextCONTEXT 【Security】
"Alternative term for plaintext. Data in
clear text implies that the data is not scrambled
or rearranged, and the data is in its raw form."
CLIAcronym for command line interface.
Client"1.An intelligent device or system that
requests services from other intelligent devices,
systems, or appliances. cf. server"
2. An asymmetric relationship with a second
party (a server) in which the client initiates
requests and the server responds to those requests.
Client service requestCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A request issued by a client application to
a well-known service. An example is a name
service query.
37
Cluster(集群)
出于提高可靠性、可用性、适用性或者
提高性能(通过平衡分配负载)的目的,而
连接到一起的计算机的集合。通常,集群中
的计算机能够访问某个公共的存储池,并且
都运行某种特定的软件以协调各个计算机的
运行。
CMIP语境【管理】【网络】
公共管理信息协议(C o m m o n
Management Information Protocol)的缩写。
Coaxial cable(同轴电缆)
一种传输电信号的介质,这种介质由两
条同心的导线组成,这两条同心导线之间使
用绝缘材料分隔开来,通过对分隔间距和材
料的精心设计使得其电阻值保持在特定的范
围。另请参考: triaxial cable。
Code balance(代码均衡性)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在每10位传输数据流中,为1的数据位
所占的比例。例如数据流1110100011的代码
均衡性为 6/10,即60%。
Code bit(代码位)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1. 经过编码的数据中的单个二进制数据
位。多代码位的序列构成新的数据表示符
号,每个符号都表示一个数据元素(字、字
节或者其他单元)。
2. FC-0协议中在介质上传输的最小时
间周期。
Code byte(代码字节)
语境【网络】
经过编码的数据中的单个字节数据。有
时也称为符号(symbol)。代码字节是数据编
Cluster"A collection of computers that are
interconnected (typically at high-speeds) for the
purpose of improving reliability, availability,
serviceability and/or performance (via load
balancing). Often, clustered computers have
access to a common pool of storage, and run
special software to coordinate the component
computers' activities."
CMIPCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
Acronym for Common Management
Information Protocol.
Coaxial cableAn electrical transmission medium
consisting of two concentric conductors
separated by a dielectric material with the
spacings and material arranged to give a specified
electrical impedance. cf. triaxial cable
Code balanceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The number of 1 bits in a 10-bit transmitted
data stream divided by 10 (e.g., 1110100011 has
a code balance of 6/10 = 60%)."
Code bitCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"1.A bit (binary digit) of an encoded datum.
Sequences of code bits make up symbols, each
of which corresponds to a data element (word,
byte, or other unit)."
2.The smallest time period used by FC-0
for transmission on the media.
Code byteCONTEXT 【Network】
"A byte of an encoded datum. Sometimes
called a symbol. Code bytes are the output of
38
码或者加密处理的输出结果。在通信语境
中,代码字节经常被称为代码字(c o d e
word)。另请参考: data byte。
Code violation(代码非法)
语境【Fibre Channel】
使用传输代码(transmission code)所指
定的有效性检测规则,不能将接收到的传输
字符(transmission character)正常解码为有
效数据或者特殊代码时,所发生的错误状
态。
Cold backup(冷备份)
语境【数据恢复】
“离线备份(offline backup)的同义词。
另请参考: hot backup , online backup。”
Cold swap(冷插拔)
“在系统中使用可替换单元(RU)来替
换发生故障的原单元的过程,并且在替换过
程中,为了完成替换过程,必须将系统中的
外部电源切断。冷插拔既是一个物理设备的
替换过程,也是功能替换的过程。另请参考:
automatic swap, hot swap, warm swap。”
Comma character(分隔字符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1. 指经过编码的数据流中的0011111或
者 1100000两种七位比特串。
2. 每个特殊字符都包含分隔符。
Command character(命令字符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
定义了发送到一个SCSI目标的SCSI命
令的一连串字符。缩写为 CDB
Command line interface(命令行
界面)
一种与智能设备交互的用户界面形式,
在命令行界面中,用户与设备的交互没有指
encoding or encryption processes. In
communication theory contexts, a code byte is
often referred to as a code word. cf. data byte"
Code violationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The error condition that occurs when a
received transmission character cannot be
decoded into a valid data byte or special code
using the validity checking rules specified by
the transmission code.
Cold backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"Synonym for offline backup. cf. hot
backup , online backup"
Cold swap"The substitution of a replacement unit
(RU) in a system for a defective one, where
external power must be removed from the system
in order to perform the substitution. A cold swap
is a physical substitution as well as a functional
one. cf. automatic swap, hot swap, warm swap"
Comma characterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
1.Either of the seven bit sequences 0011111
or 1100000 in an encoded stream
2. A special character containing a comma.
Command Descriptor BlockCONTEXT 【SCSI】
A sequence of bytes that defines a single
SCSI command sent to a SCSI target. Acronym
CDB.
Command line interfaceA form of human interface to intelligent
devices characterized by non-directive
prompting and character string user input.
39
导提示,并且通过用户输入的字符串完成交
互过程。相对于图形用户界面(graphical
user interfaces,GUI)而言,许多用户都会
感觉到理解和使用命令行界面是比较困难
的。
Common Criteria(通用准则)
语境【安全】
“用来评估IT产品和系统安全特性的基
本国际标准。缩写为CC,其分别定义在ISO/
IEC 15408-1:1999, ISO/IEC 15408-2:1999, and
ISO/IEC 15408-3:1999 中”
Common Information Model(公
共信息模型)
语境【管理】【网络】
分布式管理任务组(D i s t r i b u t e d
Management Task Force)提出的一种关于事
务管理环境下的面向对象的实体 -关系描述
模型。缩写为CIM。CIM 由一个核心模型
(Core Model)和许多公共模型(Common
Model)组成。核心模型描述高层概念(例
如系统和设备)和基本关系(例如依赖关
系)。公共模型描述特定的问题领域,例如计
算机系统、网络、用户或者设备管理等。公
共模型是核心模型的子类,也可能是其他公
共模型的子类。
Common Internet File System(通
用 Internet 文件系统)
语境【网络】
一种网络文件系统访问协议,最先由
Microsoft 公司设计并实现,主要使用在
Windows 客户端与 Windows 服务器之间的
文件访问请求通信。缩写为CIFS,其基于服
务器消息块协议(SMB)。现今,CIFS协议
的其他实现方式使得其他类型的客户端和服
Perceived by many users to be more difficult to
comprehend and use than graphical user
interfaces (GUI).
Common CriteriaCONTEXT 【Security】
"A multi-part International Standard that is
meant to be used as the basis for evaluation of
security properties of IT products and systems.
The CC is specified in ISO/IEC 15408-1:1999,
ISO/IEC 15408-2:1999, and ISO/IEC 15408-
3:1999. Acronym CC."
Common Information ModelCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
"An object oriented description of the
entities and relationships in a business'
management environment maintained by the
Distr ibuted Management Task Force.
Abbreviated CIM. CIM is divided into a Core
Model and Common Models. The Core Model
addresses high-level concepts (such as systems
and devices), as well as fundamental
relationships (such as dependencies). The
Common Models describe specific problem
domains such as computer system, network,
user or device management. The Common
Models are subclasses of the Core Model and
may also be subclasses of each other."
Common Internet File SystemCONTEXT 【Network】
"A network file system access protocol
primarily used by Windows clients to
communicate file access requests to Windows
servers. Abbreviated CIFS. Originally called
Server Message Block (SMB). Today, other
implementations of the CIFS protocol allow
other clients and servers to use it for
40
务器可以与Microsoft 操作系统之间实现通
信交互和操作交互。是一种通用管理信息协
议。
C o m m o n M a n a g e m e n tInformation Protocol(公共管理信息
协议)
语境【管理】【网络】
基于开放系统互联(Open Systems
Interconnection,OSI)组织的通信模型的一
种网络管理协议。缩写为 CMIP。与 SNMP
协议相比,CMIP 协议更加完全,包括的范
围也更广泛。
Communication circuit(通信电
路)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
1. 使用Fibre Channel fabric进行消息交
换的双向通路。
2.在网络环境中,通信电路指通信的
两个点之间的特定逻辑或者物理通路。
Communications security(通信
安全)
语境【网络】【安全】
信息传输中的、尤其是在远程通信时的
安全保护。通信安全的主要重心集中在消息
真实性方面。通信安全也可能包括加密、传
输安全、电磁泄漏安全和物理安全等方面。
Complex array(复杂阵列)
语境【存储系统】
一种使用控制软件(采用比伯克利
RAID 级更复杂的算法)来保护和映射数据
的磁盘阵列。最常使用的复杂阵列是多级磁
盘阵列和自适应阵列,在多级磁盘阵列中,
使用了多级的数据编址映射算法;而自适应
阵列能够动态地变换数据编址映射算法。
intercommunication and interoperation with
Microsoft operating systems. Common
Management Information Protocol."
C o m m o n M a n a g e m e n tInformation Protocol
CONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
"A network management protocol built on
the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
communication model. Abbreviated CMIP.
CMIP is more complete, and therefore larger
than, SNMP."
Communication circuitCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
1.A bidirectional path for message
exchange within a Fibre Channel fabric.
"2. In networking, a specific logical or
physical path between two points over which
communications occur."
Communications securityCONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
"Protection of information while it's being
t r a n s m i t t e d , p a r t i c u l a r l y v i a
telecommunications. A particular focus of
communicat ions secur i ty i s message
authenticity. Communications security may
include cryptography, transmission security,
emission security, and physical security."
Complex arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A disk array whose control software
protects and maps data according to more
complex algorithms than those of the Berkeley
RAID Levels. The most common complex arrays
are multi-level disk arrays, which perform more
than one level of data address mapping, and
adaptive arrays, which are capable of changing
41
Compression(压缩)
语境【备份】【文件系统】【网络】【存储
设备】【存储系统】
一种对数据进行编码以减小数据量的处
理方法和过程。在有些应用中,采用有损压
缩(压缩过程中会丢失一部分的原始信息)
对某些格式的数据(如数字图像)进行压缩;
但是对大多数的IT应用,需要的是无损压缩
(压缩过程能够保存完整的原始信息,并且
能够从压缩数据精确地重构原始数据)。
Computer security(计算机安全)
语境【安全】
为确保硬件、软件和固件和信息系统资
源以及用以处理、存储和通信的信息资源的
机密性、完整性和可用性所采取的措施和控
制手段。
Concatenation(拼接)
语境【网络】【存储系统】
将两组数据序列进行合并的逻辑。拼接
通常用符号“|”表示。在数据通信中,经常
将两组或多组数据序列拼接起来以提供一个
唯一标志符或引用(例如S_ID | X_ID)。卷
管理器也经常将多个磁盘地址空间拼接起
来,从而组成一个更大的地址空间。
Concurrency(并发)
一种时间重叠的特性。通常用以表示 I/
O 操作或者 I/O请求的执行状态。
data address mapping dynamically."
CompressionCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】 【File
System】 【Network】 【Storage Device】
【Storage System】
"The process of encoding data to reduce its
size. Lossy compression (i.e., compression using
a technique in which a portion of the original
information is lost) is acceptable for some forms
of data (e.g., digital images) in some applications,
but for most IT applications, lossless
compression (i.e., compression using a technique
that preserves the entire content of the original
data, and from which the original data can be
reconstructed exactly) is required."
Computer securityCONTEXT 【Security】
"Measures and controls that ensure
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of
information system assets including hardware,
software, firmware, and information being
processed, stored, and communicated."
ConcatenationCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
System】
"A logical joining of two series of data.
Usually represented by the symbol “|”. In
data communications, two or more data are
often concatenated to provide a unique name or
reference (e.g., S_ID | X_ID). Volume managers
concatenate disk address spaces to present a
single larger address spaces."
ConcurrencyThe property of overlapping in time.
Usually refers to the execution of I/O operations
or I/O requests.
42
Concurrent/concurrent copy(并
发 / 并发拷贝
语境【存储系统】
一种混合的时间点拷贝机制。在并发拷
贝机制中,每个拷贝最初都是一个修改块拷
贝(也就是说与拷贝源共享未修改的那部分
存储),但是过了某段时间这些拷贝将变成
分离出来的镜像拷贝(也就是说不与拷贝源
共享任何存储空间),在此过程中,并不改变
拷贝逻辑上发生的时间点,同时与拷贝源和
随后发生的数据拷贝的修改与否和在何处修
改无关。并发拷贝至少占用用以保存修改快
的存储资源,并且逐渐增加占用的存储资
源,直到与拷贝源的存储资源大小一致。
Concurrent operations(并发操
作)
时间上重叠发生多个操作。在吞吐量很
大的应用中,使用独立访问磁盘阵列的核心
关键就是并发 I/O操作的概念。
confidentiality(机密性)
语境【安全】
安全语境中的加密技术。
Conditioning(调节)
对信号加以调节,以使其更加接近理想
条件的过程。电源调节用来最小化外部电源
的电压变化和频率变化。信号预处理用来减
少逻辑信号或者数据信号中的噪声。
Configuration(配置)
语境【存储系统】
为维护系统或者子系统的功能而安装或
者卸载硬件或软件组件的过程。
设定系统、子系统或者设备的运行参数
的工作。例如,磁盘阵列配置包括指定阵列
的成员磁盘或盘区、设定参数(例如分条深
度、RAID 模型以及 cache容量等)。
Concurrent/concurrent copyCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A hybrid point in time copy mechanism
for which each copy is initially a changed block
copy (i.e., shares unmodified storage with its
source), but over time becomes a split mirror
copy (i.e., does not share any storage with its
source) without changing the point in time at
which the copy logically occurred, independent
of whether and where modifications to the source
or the copy subsequently occur. A concurrent
copy occupies at least the amount of storage
required to hold changed blocks and grows to
occupy as much storage as the copy source."
Concurrent operationsOperations that overlap in time. The concept
of concurrent I/O operations is central to the use
of independent access arrays in throughput-
intensive applications.
confidentialityCONTEXT 【Security】
Encryption (in a security context).
ConditioningThe processing of a signal for the purpose
of making it conform more closely to an ideal.
Power conditioning is used to minimize voltage
and frequency variations in an external power.
Signal conditioning is used to reduce noise in
logic or data signals.
ConfigurationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
1. The process of installing or removing
hardware or software components required for a
system or subsystem to function.
"2. Assignment of the operating parameters
of a system, subsystem or device. Disk array
configuration, for example, includes designating
43
" 配置也可以指所有系统硬软件组件以
及运行参数的集合。另请参考: a r r a y
configuration, physical configuration。"
Connection(连接)
语境【Fibre Channel】【iSCSI】
【Fibre Channel】专用连接的简称。
【iSCSI】一种用TCP/IP协议连接发起者
和接受者的通信通道。一个或多个连接可以
拼凑成一个会话。连接可以携带控制信息,
SCSI(小型计算机系统接口)的命令参数和
SCSI协议数据单元中的数据。
Connection identifier(连接标识
符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在一个对话期间,每个连接都有一个唯
一的标识符。在登录或注销时,连接发起者
产生标识符并将该标识符发送给连接目标。
Connection initiator(连接发起者)
语境【Fibre Channel】
发出到一个目标 N_Port的 Class 1 连接
的某个N_Port称为连接发起者,建立连接的
过程是通过向目标N_Port发送连接请求,并
从目标 N_Port 接收一个有效响应的方式完
成的。
Connection recipient(连接接受
者)
语境【Fibre Channel】
从连接发起者处接收到 Class 1 连接请
求,接受该连接并发送一个有效响应的某个
N_Port。
the array’s member disks or extents, as well as
parameters such as stripe depth, RAID model,
cache allowance, etc."
"3.The collection of a system's hardware
and software components and operating
parameters. cf. array configuration, physical
configuration."
ConnectionCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【iSCSI】
1.【Fibre Channel】 Short form of dedicated
connection.
"2.【iSCSI】 A communication path
between the initiator and target using a TCP/IP
connection. One or more connections make up
a session. Connections carry control messages,
SCSI commands, parameters, and data within
iSCSI PDUs."
Connection identifierContext 【iSCSI】
Each connection within a session has an
identifier that is unique within the session. The
initiator generates the ID and sends it to the
target when logging in and out.
Connection initiatorCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An N_Port which initiates a Class 1
connection with a destination N_Port through a
connect-request and receives a valid response
from the destination N_Port to establish the
connection.
Connection recipientCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An N_Port which receives a Class 1
connect-request from a connection initiator and
accepts the connection request by transmitting a
valid response.
44
Connectionless buffer(无连接缓
冲区)
语境【Fibre Channel】
无连接服务中使用的接收缓冲区,该缓
冲区具有接收无连接数据帧的能力。
Connectionless frame(无连接数
据帧)
语境【Fibre Channel】
无连接服务中使用的数据帧(也就是以
SOF(C1)开始的Class 1帧、以及某个或全
部的 Class 2和 Class 3 帧)。
Connectionless integrity service(无连接完整性服务)
语境【安全】
为单个 IP 数据报提供数据完整性服务
的安全服务,该服务在不考虑报文流中数据
报先后顺序的前提下对单个报文是否被修改
进行检查,以检查报文数据的完整性。
Connectionless service(无连接
服务)
语境【Fibre Channel】
两个N_Port或者NL_Port之间的通信连
接,该通信没有专用连接。
Consistency group(一致性组)
语境【存储系统】
许多拷贝组集合在一起以确保跨越所有
拷贝组的主卷的写操作顺序的一致性。在一
致性组中的某项操作(比如从同步复制到异
步复制),将应用于一致性组中的所有拷贝
组。
计算机系统中的可视化图形或者文本输
出设备。
在系统、网络和设备管理中,能够提供
关于操作和状态信息等反馈的图形或文本应
用,并且该应用还可以接受操作命令和输入
从而执行相应的操作或者改变运行状态。有
时也称为企业级管理控制台(enterpr i se
Connectionless bufferCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A receive buffer used in a connectionless
service and capable of receiving connectionless
frames.
Connectionless framCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A frame used in a connectionless service
(i.e., Class 1 frames with SOF(C1)., Class 2, and
Class 3 frames referred to individually or
collectively)"
Connectionless integrity serviceCONTEXT 【Security】
A security service that provides data
integrity service for an individual IP datagram
by detecting modification of the datagram
without regard to the ordering of the datagram in
a stream of datagrams.
Connectionless serviceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Communication between two N_Ports or
NL_Ports without a dedicated connection.
Consistency groupCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A collection of replication sets grouped
together to ensure write order consistency across
all the replication sets' primary volumes. An
operation on a consistency group, such as
changing replication from asynchronous to
synchronous, applies to all the replication sets
within the consistency group, and consequently
their volumes.console "
1. A device for graphical or textual visual
output from a computer system
"2. In systems, network and device
management, an application that provides
45
management console)。
Consolidation(集中)
语境【存储系统】
在缓存中为顺序的写请求积累大量的数
据,从而达到以少量的写操作完成大量写请
求的目的,从而提高设备利用率的过程和处
理方法。
Continuous Data Protection(连
续数据保护)
语境【数据还原】
一种分类机制,该机制能连续的捕捉或
跟踪数据的变更,并且能够将数据恢复到先
前的时间点。缩写为 CDP。
Continuously increasing relativeoffset(递增相对位移)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种传输控制算法,在此算法中,包含
组成信息块的信息子块的数据帧必须严格按
照子块顺序传输。相对于随机相对位移
(random relative offset)技术而言,连续的
递增相对位移技术简化了数据帧的重组和对
丢失数据帧的检测过程。
Control software(控制软件)
语境【存储系统】
能够为一个或多个磁盘阵列或者磁带阵
列提供公共控制和管理的软件体。控制软件
控制磁盘或磁带阵列,对于操作环境而言,
这些磁盘和磁带阵列只是被看作一个或几个
虚拟磁盘或者磁带。控制软件可以运行在磁
盘控制器中,或者在智能主机总线适配器
中,还可以在主机中。当控制软件在磁盘控
graphical and textual feedback regarding
operation and status, and that may accept operator
commands and input influencing operation and
status. Sometimes called enterprise management
console."
ConsolidationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The process of accumulating the data for
a number of sequential write requests in a cache,
and performing a smaller number of larger write
requests to achieve more efficient device
utilization."
Continuous Data ProtectionCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A class of mechanisms that continuously
capture or track data modifications enabling
recovery to previous points in time. Abbreviated
CDP.
Continuously increasing relativeoffset
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A transmission control algorithm in which
the frames containing the subblocks that
comprise a block of information are transmitted
strictly in the order of the subblocks.
Continuously increasing relative offset simplifies
reassembly and detection of lost frames relative
to random relative offset.
Control softwareCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A body of software that provides common
control and management for one or more disk
arrays or tape arrays. Control software presents
the arrays of disks or tapes it controls to its
operating environment as one or more virtual
disks or tapes. Control software may execute in
a disk controller or intelligent host bus adapter,
46
制器或者适配器中运行时,常常被称为固件
(firmware)。
Controller(控制器)
语境【存储系统】【管理】
在磁盘或者磁带中,指能够完成命令的
解码和执行、主机数据的传输、数据的串行
化和解串行化、错误校验和校正以及全部的
对设备操作的管理等功能的控制逻辑;
在存储子系统中,指能够完成操作转
换、路由和聚集(RAID、镜像、分条或其它)、
高级故障恢复以及多个存储设备之间的性能
优化等功能的控制逻辑。
C I M _ L o g i c a l D e v i c e 的一个子类。
CIM_Controller类表示具有单个协议栈(主
要用以通信、控制以及复位连接设备等)的
设备。CIM_Controller 具有许多子类,例如
SCSI、PCI、USB、串口、并口以及视频控
制器等。
Controller based array/controllerbased disk array(基于控制器的阵列/基于控制器的磁盘阵列)
语境【存储系统】
在磁盘子系统控制器中运行控制软件的
磁盘阵列。基于控制器的阵列的成员磁盘是
包含控制器的相同磁盘子系统的必要组成部
分。另请参考: host based array。
Controller cache语境【存储系统】
" 在控制器中驻留的一块高速缓存。该
高速缓存主要用于改善磁盘或磁盘阵列的输
入输出(I/O)性能。另请参考:cache, disk
or in a host computer. When it executes in a disk
controller or adapter, control software is often
referred to as firmware."
ControllerC O N T E X T 【S t o r a g e S y s t e m】
【Management】
"1.The control logic in a disk or tape that
performs command decoding and execution,
hos t da ta t ransfer , ser ia l iza t ion and
deserialization of data, error detection and
correction, and overall management of device
operations"
"2.The control logic in a storage subsystem
that performs command transformation and
routing, aggregation (RAID, mirroring, striping,
or other), high-level error recovery, and
performance optimization for multiple storage
devices"
"3.A subclass of CIM_LogicalDevice. A
CIM_Controller represents a device having a
single protocol stack whose primary purpose is
to communicate with, control, and reset
connected devices. There are many subclasses
of CIM_Controller, addressing SCSI, PCI, USB,
serial, parallel, and video controllers."
Controller based array/controllerbased disk array
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
A disk array whose control software
executes in a disk subsystem controller. The
member disks of a controller-based array are
necessarily part of the same disk subsystem that
includes the controller. cf. host based array.
Controller cacheCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A cache that resides within a controller
and whose primary purpose is to improve disk or
array I/O performance. cf. cache, disk cache,
47
cache, host cache。"
COW写时拷贝(copy on write)的简写。
Copy on write(写时拷贝)
语境【存储系统】【备份】
一种保存数据集合在特定时间点的拷贝
的备份技术,该技术只拷贝在拷贝初始化开
始之后修改过的数据。对于拷贝源数据本身
的读请求,或者对于时间点拷贝的未经修改
部分数据的读请求,实际上都是对拷贝源数
据的读请求。另请参考: pointer remapping。
缩写为 COW。
Copyback(回写)
语境【存储系统】
将阵列成员中正常工作磁盘用另一块磁
盘替换,其中包括把成员磁盘的内容拷贝到
替换磁盘上的工作。回写过程常用来创建或
者恢复某阵列(例如设备 I/O总线上的阵列
成员磁盘的特定排列)的特定物理配置结
构 。回 写 过 程 能 够 在 无 需 缩 减 阵 列
(reduction)的情况下完成。
Count-key-data(关键码计数数
据)
语境【存储设备】
一种磁盘数据组织模型,在该模型中,
假定磁盘具有固定的磁道数目,每条磁道都
具有最大的数据存储容量。不同长度的多个
记录可以记录在关键码计数数据磁盘上的任
意磁道上,并且每条磁道的可用容量都由要
写到其上的记录的数量所决定。关键码计数
数据 (CKD)结构的名字源自其记录格式,每
条记录都由三个字段组成,即记录数据的字
节数和记录地址字段、可选的关键码字段
(该字段便于特定记录的搜索)以及数据字
段。关键码计数数据是在IBM公司的390系
host cache."
COWAcronym for copy on write.
Copy on writeCONTEXT 【Storage System】 【Backup】
A technique for maintaining a point in time
copy of a collection of data by copying only data
which is modified after the instant of replicate
initiation. The original source data is used to
satisfy read requests for both the source data
itself and for the unmodified portion of the point
in time copy. cf. pointer remapping. Acronym
COW.
CopybackCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The replacement of a properly functioning
array member by another disk, including copying
of the member’s contents to the replacing disk.
Copyback, which is most often used to create or
restore a particular physical configuration for an
array (e.g., a particular arrangement of array
members on device I/O buses), is accomplished
without reduction of the array."
Count-key-dataCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"A disk data organization model in which
the disk is assumed to consist of a fixed number
of tracks, each having a maximum data capacity.
Multiple records of varying length may be written
on each track of a count-key-data disk, and the
usable capacity of each track depends on the
number of records written to it. Count-key-data
(CKD) architecture derives its name from the
record format, which consists of a field
containing the number of bytes of data and a
record address, an optional key field by which
particular records can be easily recognized, and
48
列大型计算机系统中使用的一种存储结构。
另请参考: fixed block architecture。
Countermeasure(对策)
语境【安全】
旨在减小系统的易损性和降低系统可能
面临的威胁而采取的任何举动、采用的任何
设备、工序、技术或其他措施。
Covert Channel(隐蔽通道)
语境【安全】
一种随意的或者未经授权的通信通路,
该通信通路能够以不遵守安全策略的方式下
进行信息传输。
Credit(信用值)
语境【Fibre Channel】
为传输分配的(N_Port、NL_Port 或者
F_Port端口)缓冲区的数量。信用值是在不
引起接收端缓冲区溢出的情况下发送端
(N_Port、NL_Port或者F_Port端口)能够发
送的未接收数据帧的最大数。
CRC(循环冗余校验)
循环冗余校验(cycl ic redundancy
check)的缩写。
CRL(证书废除列表)
语境【安全】
证书废除列表(Certificate Revocation
List)的缩写。
CRU客户可替换单元(Customer Replaceable
Unit)的缩写。
Cryptanalysis(分析学 / 破译)
语境【安全】
the data itself. Count-key-data is the storage
architecture used by IBM Corporation's System
390 series of mainframe computer systems. cf.
fixed block architecture."
CountermeasureCONTEXT 【Security】
"Any action, device, procedure, technique,
or other measure that reduces the vulnerability
of or threat to a system."
Covert ChannelCONTEXT 【Security】
An unintended and/or unauthorized
communications path that can be used to transfer
information in a manner that violates a security
policy.
CreditCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The number of receive buffers allocated
to a transmitting N_Port, NL_Port, or F_Port.
The credit is the maximum number of outstanding
frames that can be transmitted by that N_Port,
NL_Port, or F_Port without causing a buffer
overrun condition at the receiver."
CRCAcronym for cyclic redundancy check.
CRLCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Certificate Revocation List.
CRUAcronym for Customer Replaceable Unit.
CryptanalysisCONTEXT 【Security】
49
在不知晓加密算法以及加密密钥的情况
下,将加密信息转换成明文的一系列操作的
集合。
Cryptography(密码学)
语境【安全】
一种原则、手段和方法,用以翻译难解
的信息,也用以将加密信息恢复成可理解的
信息形式。
Cryptosystem(密码系统)
语境【安全】
加密和解密的一种方法。
CSMA/CD带冲突检测的载波侦听多路访问
(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision
Detection)的缩写。
Cumulative incremental backup(累积增量备份)
语境【备份】
“一种备份技术,在该备份技术中,自上
次完全备份以来所有修改过的数据对象都要
进行备份。对于使用累积增量备份技术的数
据,要实现数据的恢复,只需要最近一次的
完全备份数据以及最近一次的累积增量备份
数据。另请参考: differential incremental
backup, full backup 。”
Current running disparity(当前连
续不均衡性)
语境【Fibre Channel】
当开始对有效数据字节或者特殊代码进
行编码时,在发送端所取的连续不均衡性;
或者开始对传输字符进行译码时,在接收端
所取的连续不均衡性。
A set of operations performed in converting
encrypted information to plain text without initial
knowledge of the algorithm and/or key employed
in the encryption.
CryptographyCONTEXT 【Security】
"The principles, means and methods for
rendering information unintelligible, and for
restoring encrypted information to intelligible
form."
CryptosystemCONTEXT 【Security】
A single means of encryption or decryption.
CSMA/CDAcronym for Carrier Sense Multiple Access
with Collision Detection.
Cumulative incremental backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"A backup in which all data objects
modified since the last full backup are copied.
To restore data when cumulative incremental
backups are in use, only the latest full backup
and the latest cumulative incremental backup
are required. cf. differential incremental backup,
full backup "
Current running disparityCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The running disparity present at a
transmitter when the encoding of a valid data
byte or special code is initiated, or at a receiver
when the decoding of a transmission character is
initiated."
50
Customer replaceable unit(客户
可替换单元)
设计上能够被客户(也就是没有经过专
门训练的计算机系统服务人员)替换的系统
单元或者组件。另请参考: field replaceable
unit。
Cut through (switching)(直通交
换)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种交换技术,一旦接收到数据帧的目
标地址就立即决定并执行路由。
Cyclic redundancy check(循环
冗余校验)
用于检测传输、存储或者读取的数据的
正确性的算法。缩写为CRC。CRC由固定位
数的比特数据组成,这些比特数据由被保护
的数据根据一定的计算规则(函数)得出,
并被附加在被保护数据中。当读取或者接收
数据时,该函数被重新计算,并将计算结果
与附加在数据中的信息进行比较。循环冗余
码校验与纠错码的不同在于:前者可以检测
到更大范围内的错误情况,但是不能更正错
误。另请参考: error correcting code。
Cylinder(柱面)
语境【存储设备】
尚未定义。
Cylinder-head-sector addressing(柱面号 - 磁头号 -扇区号寻址)
语境【存储设备】
一种对存储在磁盘上的数据进行寻址的
方式,在这种寻址方式中,对数据寻址需要
指定数据存放的柱面号、磁头 / 磁盘号以及
相关的磁道扇区号。另请参考: b l o c k
addressing。
Customer replaceable unit"A unit, or component of a system that is
designed to be replaced by “customers;” i.e.,
individuals who may not be trained as computer
system service personnel. cf. field replaceable
unit"
Cut through (switching)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A switching technique that allows a routing
decision to be made and acted upon as soon as
the destination address of a frame is received.
Cyclic redundancy check"A scheme for checking the correctness of
data that has been transmitted or stored and
retrieved. Abbreviated CRC. A CRC consists of
a fixed number of bits computed as a function of
the data to be protected, and appended to the
data. When the data is read or received, the
function is recomputed, and the result is
compared to that appended to the data. Cyclic
redundancy checks differ from error correcting
codes in that they can detect a wide range of
errors, but are not capable of correcting them. cf.
error correcting code"
Cylinder-head-sector addressingCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"A form of addressing data stored on a disk
in which the cylinder, head/platter combination,
and relative sector number on a track are
specified. Abbreviated C-H-S addressing. cf.
block addressing"
51
DD_ID语境【Fibre Channel】
目标标识(Destination Identifier)的缩
写。另请参考: S_ID。
Daemon(守护进程)
语境【操作系统】
计算机系统中持续运行,提供对于某些
特定请求服务的程序。例如,在UNIX 系统
中,lpd就是一个daemon程序,其负责处理
打印请求。Daemon是一种独立的程序,不
是任何应用程序的组成部分。但是应用请求
可能会由某个 daemon 程序来服务。
DAS直接关联存储(Direct Attached Storage)
的缩写。
DATA一切事物在任何形式下的数据表现方
式。
Data availability(数据可用性)
" 在某时间段中,数据能够被应用程序
访问的时间总量。数据可用性通常使用每年
中数据可访问的时间比例来度量。例如,某
数据集具有 99.95% 的可用性,等价于该数
据集每年有 4.38(0.0005 * 365 * 24 = 4.38)
小时的时间不可用。另请参考: availability,
high availability。"
Data byte(数据字节)
语境【网络】【存储设备】【存储系统】
" 出现在存储器或者通信设备中的用户
数据中的单个字节。数据字节是进行传输编
码或者数据加密的基本处理单位。另请参
考: code byte, data character。"
D_IDCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Destination Identifier. cf.
S_ID
DaemonCONTEXT 【Operating System】
"A process that is always running on a
computer system to service a particular set of
requests. For example, in UNIX, lpd is a daemon
that handles printing requests. Daemons are
independent processes, and not part of an
application program. Application requests may
be serviced by a daemon."
DASAcronym for Direct Attached Storage.
DATAThe digital representation of anything in
any form.
Data availability"The amount of time that a data is accessible
by applications during those time periods when
it is expected to be available. Data availability is
often measured as a percentage of an elapsed
year. For example, 99.95% availability equates
to 4.38 hours of unavailability in a year (0.0005
* 365 * 24 = 4.38) for a set of data that is
expected to be available all the time. cf.
availability, high availability"
Data byteCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
Device】 【Storage System】
"A byte of user data as presented to a
storage or communication facility. Data bytes
are input to processes that encode for
52
Data character(数据字符)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
任何合法数据字节经传输编码而产生的
传输字符。
Data classification(数据分类)
为了达到管理的目的而把数据组织分
类。分类设计的目的是根据工作数据的值,
而把服务级的对象与分类数据联系起来。
Data Encryption Standard(数据
加密标准)
语境【安全】
在联邦信息处理标准组织(F e d e r a l
Information Processing Standard ,FIPS)的
46号文献中,由国家标准和技术协会公布的
一种数据保护加密算法。
Data frame(数据帧)
语境【光纤通道】
包含了 FC-4 (ULP)层或者链路应用的
信息的帧。
Data Lifecycle Management(数
据生命周期管理)
语境【生命周期管理信息】
指从数据的产生到其最终被部署,用于
数据赋值最合适的和最有效的存储构架的原
则、过程、实践、服务和工具。与 DLM 同
义。按照数据的管理原则、相关性能的服务
级别、有效性、可恢复性、价值等等,数据
被安排不同的事件需求。DLM是 ILM 的一
个子集。
transmission or encrypt for privacy. cf. code
byte, data character."
Data characterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
Any transmission character associated by
the transmission code with a valid data byte.
Data classificationAn organization of data into groups for
management purposes. A purpose of a
classification scheme is to associate service
level objectives with groups of data based on
their value to the business.
Data Encryption StandardCONTEXT 【Security】
A cryptographic data protection algorithm
published by the National Institute of Standards
and Technology in Federal Information
Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46.
Abbreviated DES. See also Triple DES.
Data frameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A frame containing information meant for
FC-4 (ULP) or the link application.
Data Lifecycle ManagementCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"The policies, processes, practices, services
and tools used to align the business value of data
with the most appropriate and cost-effective
storage infrastructure from the time data is
created through its final disposition. Acronym
DLM. Data is aligned with business requirements
through management policies and service levels
associated with performance, availability,
recoverability, cost, etc. DLM is a subset of
ILM."
53
Data integrity(数据完整性)
语境【安全】
在无授权的【ISO 7498-2:1988】中数据
的完整性属性没有被改动或删除。
Data management(数据管理)
控制和管理数据资源的原则和方法。
Data management services(数
据管理服务)
语境【生命周期管理信息】
数据管理服务控制数据从其产生到其消
亡的整个生命期间。数据管理服务不是数据
工作本身,而是提供控制、实现和传送数据
服务,其中包括数据移动、数据冗余、数据
删除。
Data manager(数据管理器)
语境【文件系统】
一种计算机程序,其主要目的是为应用
程序提供方便的数据视图,同时将该视图映
射到系统、子系统或者设备的内部表示上。
文件系统和数据库管理系统是最常见的数据
管理器。
Data moDule(数据模型)
信息模型中的数据库表示形式。CIM方
案中的数据库表示就是一个数据模型的样
例。
Data reliability(数据可靠性)
使用平均数据丢失时间(Mean Time to
Data Loss ,MTDL)来度量。存储在众多相
同磁盘子系统上的数据能够被正确检索的持
续时间跨度的统计值。
Data integrityCONTEXT 【Security】
The property that data has not been altered
or destroyed in an unauthorized manner 【ISO
7498-2:1988】.
Data managementThe discipline and function of oversight
and control of data resources.
Data management servicesCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"The control of data from the time it is
created until it no longer exists. Data
Management Services are not in the data path;
rather, they provide control of, or utilize, data in
the delivery of their services. This includes
services such as data movement, data
redundancy, and data deletion. "
Data managerCONTEXT 【File System】
"A computer program whose primary
purpose is to present a convenient view of data
to applications, and map that view to an internal
representation on a system, subsystem or device.
File systems and database management systems
are the most common forms of a data manager."
Data moDelA repository-specific representation of an
information model. A database representation
of the CIM schemas is an example of a data
model..
Data reliabilityExpressed as Mean Time to Data Loss
(MTDL). The length of the stastically expected
continuous span of time over which data stored
by a population of identical disk subsystems can
54
Data replication (数据)语境【存储系统】
在本地位置主卷的基本用户数据复制到
远程位置的次卷的过程中,对关键任务数据
提供高性能的冗余校正。数据复制用于灾难
性的数据的恢复以及继续工作。
Data shredding (数据分片)
语境【生命周期管理信息】
删除数据的操作是为了使数据不再可以
恢复。例如,重写磁盘上的数据。数据分片
一般不是让数据在如今公开的技术下完全的
不可恢复,而是指分片磁盘。然而,公开的
技术却需要物理上访问存储介质。
Data stripe depth(数据分条深度)
语境【存储系统】
用户数据盘区分条深度(user data extent
stripe depth)的同义词。
Data striping(数据分条)
语境【存储系统】
一种磁盘阵列数据映射技术,将固定长
度的虚拟磁盘数据地址序列按照顺序轮询的
方式映射为成员磁盘地址序列。磁盘分条通
常被称为RAID 0,因为它和通常的RAID数
据映射技术类似。但是,它并不包括数据的
保护;因此严格说来,将它称为RAID 有点
名不副实。
be correctly retrieved.
Data replicationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
On an ongoing basis user data on a primary
volume at the local site is copied to a secondary
volume at a remote site for the purposes of
providing high availability and redundancy of
mission critical data. Data replication is also
used for disaster recovery and business
continuance.
Data shreddingCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"A process for deleting data that is intended
to make the data unrecoverable. For example,
repeated overwrites of data on disk. Data
shredding is not generally held to make data
completely unrecoverable in the face of modern
forensic techniques — that requires shredding
of the disks themselves. Forensic techniques,
however, do require physical access to the storage
media. "
Data stripe depthCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for user data extent stripe depth.
Data stripingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A disk array data mapping technique in
which fixed-length sequences of virtual disk
data addresses are mapped to sequences of
member disk addresses in a regular rotating
pattern. Disk striping is commonly called RAID
Level 0 or RAID 0 because of its similarity to
common RAID data mapping techniques. It
includes no data protection, however, so strictly
speaking, the appellation RAID is a misnomer."
55
Data transfer capacity(数据传输
能力)
" 数据的最大传输率。带宽有时用来表
示发送信号的能力(例如SCSI),有时用来
表示数据传输(包括协议开销)能力(例如
Fibre Channel)。另请参考: throughput, data
transfer rate。"
D a t a t r a n s f e r - i n t e n s i v e(application)(数据传输集中式应用)
一种关于应用程序的特性描述。数据传
输集中式应用是一种 I/O 优先的应用类型,
这种类型的应用具有大量的 I/O 请求。数据
传输集中式应用的 I/O请求通常是连续的。
Data transfer rate(数据传输率)
在数据传输 I/O负载期间,单位时间内
I/O总线上传输的数据总量。I/O子系统的数
据传输能力是任何 I/O负载的数据传输率上
限。对于磁盘子系统 I/O而言,数据传输率
通常使用MBytes/second(每秒兆字节,1兆
等于106)来度量。另请参考: data transfer
capacity。
Database management system(数据库管理系统)
语境【数据库】
一个带有用户或者编程接口(支持数据
库格式的定义以及数据的创建和访问)的计
算机程序集。数据库管理系统省去了用户或
者程序对数据库底层存储的管理工作,同时
也保证了数据的安全性和完整性。数据库管
理系统的类型有关系型(面向表格型)和面
向对象型两种。缩写为 DBMS。
Data transfer capacity"The maximum rate at which data can be
transmitted. Bandwidth is sometimes expressed
in terms of signaling capacity (e.g., SCSI), and
sometimes in terms of data transmission capacity
inclusive of protocol overhead (e.g., Fibre
Channel). cf. throughput, data transfer rate"
D a t a t r a n s f e r - i n t e n s i v e(application)
A characterization of applications. A data
transfer-intensive application is an I/O intensive
application which makes large I/O requests.
Data transfer-intensive applications’ I/O
requests are usually sequential.
Data transfer rate"The amount of data per unit time actually
moved across an I/O bus in the course of
executing an I/O load. The data transfer capacity
of an I/O subsystem is an upper bound on its data
transfer rate for any I/O load. For disk subsystem
I/O, data transfer rate is usually expressed in
MBytes/second (millions of bytes per second,
where 1 million = 10^6). cf. data transfer
capacity"
Database management systemCONTEXT 【Database】
"An set of computer programs with a user
and/or programming interface that supports the
definition of the format of a database, and the
creation of and access to its data. A database
management system removes the need for a user
or program to manage low level database storage.
It also provides security for and assures the
integrity of the data it contains. Types of database
management systems are relational (table-
oriented) and object oriented. Abbreviated
DBMS."
56
Datagram(数据报)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
两个通信实体之间传送的消息,在该通
信实体对之间不需要明确的链路级确认。数
据报经常以“best efforts尽力传送”的方式
发送。
DBMS语境【数据库】
数据库管理系统(database management
system)的缩写。
Decoding(解码)
语境【Fibre Channel】
对接收到的传输字符进行有效性检查,
以及从传输字符生成有效数据字节和特殊代
码的过程。
Decryption(解密)
语境【安全】
使用预知的加密算法以及密钥,将加密
信息转换成明文信息的所有操作。授权用户
解密加密信息所应当使用方法称为解密。
Dedicated connection(专用连
接)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由 Fibre Channel fabric 提供的两个
N_Port之间的通信链路。在专用连接生命周
期内,专用连接上使用的端口资源不能用作
其他用途。
Dedicated connection service(专
用连接服务)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Class 1 服务类型的同义词。
DatagramCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
" A m e s s a g e s e n t b e t w e e n t w o
communicating entities for which no explicit
link level acknowledgement is expected.
Datagrams are often said to be sent on a ""best
efforts"" basis."
DBMSCONTEXT 【Database】
Acronym for database management system.
DecodingCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Validity checking of received transmission
characters and generation of valid data bytes
and special codes from those characters.
DecryptionCONTEXT 【Security】
The operations performed in converting
encrypted information to plain text with full
knowledge of the algorithm and key(s) used to
encrypt it. Decryption is the intended method
for an authorized user to decrypt encrypted
information.
Dedicated connectionCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A communication circuit between two
N_Ports maintained by a Fibre Channel fabric.
The port resources used by a dedicated
connection cannot be used for other purposes
during the life of the dedicated connection.
Dedicated connection serviceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Synonym for Class 1 service.
57
Degraded mode(降级模式)
语境【存储系统】
缩减模式(reduced mode)的同义词。一
种RAID 阵列操作模式,在该模式中,并非
所有的阵列成员磁盘都在运行,但是从整体
上,阵列能够响应应用程序对于阵列虚拟磁
盘的读和写请求。
Degaussing(消磁)
语境【安全】
通过反磁场将磁通量降低到逻辑0的过
程。也称为降磁(demagnetizing)。消磁用以
确保在磁介质上不再有任何残存的磁信息
(因为利用这些残存的磁信息可以恢复以前
存储的数据信息)。
Delimiter(分界符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
用以表示帧分界的有序集。
Delta snapshot(Delta 快照)
语境【数据恢复】
在一个时间点实现对数据的保存状态的
一个实例的拷贝,而不是创建整个复制的数
据集。
DEN语境【网络】
目录网络(Directory Enabled Network)
的缩写。
Denial of service(拒绝服务)
语境【安全】
阻止信息系统的任何一个部分正常运转
的行为或者行为集合所造成的后果。
DES语境【安全】
Degraded modeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Synonym for reduced mode. A mode of
RAID array operation in which not all of the
array’s member disks are functioning, but the
array as a whole is able to respond to application
read and write requests to its virtual disks."
DegaussingCONTEXT 【Security】
A procedure that reduces magnetic flux to
virtual zero by applying a reverse magnetizing
field. Also called demagnetizing. Degaussing is
used to ensure that no residual signal remains on
magnetic media from which previously stored
information could be recovered.
DelimiterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An ordered set used to indicate a frame
boundary.
Delta snapshotCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
An implementation of point in time copy
that preserves the state of data at an instant in
time without creating a full duplicate set of data.
DENCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Directory Enabled Network.
Denial of serviceCONTEXT 【Security】
Result of any action or series of actions that
prevents any part of an information system from
functioning.
DESCONTEXT 【Security】
58
数据加密标准(D a t a E n c r y p t i o n
Standard)的缩写。
Desktop Management Interface(桌面管理接口)
语境【管理】【网络】
分布式管理任务组(D i s t r i b u t e d
Management Task Force,DMTF)的前称。
Destination identifier(目标标识)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 帧中标识帧的目标地址。
Destination N_Port(目标N_Port)语境【Fibre Channel】
帧发送的目的 N_Port。
Device(设备)
语境【管理】【存储系统】
1.存储设备(storage device)的同义词。
2.CIM_LogicalDevice指对硬件的结构
和功能方面的信息进行抽象的对象。
CIM_LogicalDevices 的子类包括底层传感
器、处理器、存储设备以及打印硬件。
Device bus(设备总线)
Device I/O bus(设备 I/O 总线)
语境【存储系统】
用以将存储设备和主机总线适配器或者
智能控制器连接起来的I/O总线。设备I/O总
线是首选的术语。
Device channel(设备通道)
语境【存储系统】
用以将存储设备和主机 I/O总线适配器
或者智能控制器连接起来的通道。首选的术
Acronym for Data Encryption Standard
Desktop Management InterfaceCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
A former name for the Distributed
Management Task Force (DMTF).
Destination identifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An address contained in a Fibre Channel
frame that identifies the destination of the frame.
Destination N_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The N_Port to which a frame is addressed.
DeviceCONTEXT 【Management】 【Storage
System】
1. Synonym for storage device.
"2. CIM_LogicalDevice is an object that
abstracts the configuration and operational
aspec t s o f ha rdware . Subc las ses o f
CIM_LogicalDevice include low-level sensors,
processors, storage devices and printer
hardware."
Device bus
Device I/O busCONTEXT 【Storage System】
An I/O bus used to connect storage devices
to a host bus adapter or intelligent controller.
Device I/O bus is the preferred term.
Device channelCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A channel used to connect storage devices
to a host I/O bus adapter or intelligent controller.
59
语是设备 I/O总线。
Device fanout(设备扇出)
语境【存储系统】
存储控制器使用单个主机 I/O总线地址
将多个存储设备连接到主机上的能力。设备
扇出允许计算机系统可以比采用直接连接方
式连接更多的存储设备。
DH语境【安全】
Diffie-Hellman 的缩写
DH-CHAP语境【安全】
经由 Diffie-Hellman(增强挑战握手验
证,这一句应该再修改一下)协议的缩写。
DH-CHAP 是基于密码的验证和密钥管理的
协议,它使用 CHAP 算法(参考 RFC1994)
并且可选用DH算法增强。DH-CHAP在Fibre
Channel 发起者和响应者之间提供双向和单
向验证。DH-CHAP 由Fibre Channel 安全协
议(FC-SP)定义。
DHCP语境【网络】
动态主机控制协议(d y n a m i c h o s t
control protocol)的缩写。
Differential incremental backup(差分增量备份)
语境【数据恢复】
一种备份技术,在这种备份技术中,对
所有自上次完全备份或者增量备份操作以来
所修改过的数据对象进行备份。要恢复使用
差分增量备份技术的数据,需要最近完全备
The preferred term is device I/O bus.
Device fanoutCONTEXT 【Storage System】
The ability of a storage controller to connect
host computers to multiple storage devices using
a single host I/O bus address. Device fanout
allows computer systems to connect to
substantially more storage devices than could
be connected directly.
DHCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Diffie-Hellman.
DH-CHAPCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Diffie-Hellman augmented
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
DH-CHAP is a password based Authentication
and key management protocol that uses the
CHAP algorithm (see RFC 1994) augmented
with an optional Diffie-Hellmann algorithm.
DH-CHAP provides bidirectional and may
provide unidirectional Authentication between
a Fibre Channel Initiator and Responder. DH-
CHAP is defined by Fibre Channel Security
Protocols (FC-SP).
DHCPCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for dynamic host control protocol.
Differential incremental backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"A backup in which data objects modified
since the last full backup or incremental backup
are copied. To restore data when differential
incremental backups are in use, the newest full
backup and all differential backups newer than
60
份操作的备份数据以及所有差分增量备份所
备份的数据(而非最近差分增量备份所备份
的数据)。另请参考: cumulative incremental
backup,full backup。
D i f f e r e n t i a l m i r r o rresynchronization(差分镜像再同步)/differential resynchronization(差分再
同步)
语境【数据恢复】
增量镜像再同步技术(i n c r e m e n t a l
mirror resynchronization)的同义词。
Differential (signaling)(差分信
号)
语境【SCSI】
一种 SCSI 电子信号处理技术,在该技
术中,每个控制信号和数据信号都由相应的
两条信号线上的电压差值表示。与另一种单
端信号技术相比,差分信号可以用来进行更
长距离的数据传输。
DifferentiateD services(区别服
务)
语境【管理】
一种由 IEFT 定义的、基于所传输的报
文或消息类型来管理网络通信流量的协议。
缩写为 DiffServ。DiffServ 规则定义了报文
在网络上传送的方式——由IP报头的6位字
段(区别服务代码点,Differentiated Services
Code Point)指定。区别服务代码点指定了
报文或者消息的每一跳的行为信息,包括带
宽、排队以及前进 /停止状态。
Diffie-Hellman语境【安全】
一种密钥认同协议,是由 W.Diffie 和
M.E.Hellman 开发的,这个协议允许两个实
体在不安全的媒介中交换密钥而没有任何优
先密码。缩写为 DH.
the newest full backup are required. cf.
cumulative incremental backup, full backup"
D i f f e r e n t i a l m i r r o rresynchronization / differentialresynchronization
CONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Synonyms for incremental mirror
resynchronization.
Differential (signaling)CONTEXT 【SCSI】
A SCSI electrical signaling technique in
which each control and data signal is represented
by a voltage differential between two signal
lines. Differential signaling can be used over
longer distances than the alternative single ended
signaling. cf. single ended (signaling)
DifferentiateD servicesCONTEXT 【Management】
"A protocol defined by the IETF for
managing network traffic based on the type of
packet or message being transmitted.
Abbreviated DiffServ. DiffServ rules define
how a packet flows through a network based on
a 6 bit field (the Differentiated Services Code
Point) in the IP header. The Differentiated
Services Code Point specifies the ""per hop
behavior"" (bandwidth, queuing and forward/
drop status) for the packet or message."
Diffie-HellmanCONTEXT 【Security】
A key agreement protocol that was
developed by W. Diffie and M. E. Hellman in
allowing two entities to exchange a secret key
over an insecure medium without any prior
61
DiffServ语境【管理】
区别服务(Differentiated Services)的缩
写。
Digest(摘要)
语境【安全】
一种将任意长度的二进制位串映射为固
定长度的二进制位串的高效计算函数。密码
机摘要的一个关键特点是,给定一个摘要,
要找到另外一个 平文字符串来产生同样的摘
要是不可能计算实现的。
Digital Linear Tape(数字线性磁
带)
语境【数据恢复】
一系列由昆腾公司( Q u a n t u m
Corporation)设计的磁带设备和介质技术。
Digital signature(数字签名)
语境【安全】
一种用以确保信息的真实性、完整性以
及抗抵赖性的加密过程。一般指能够从外部
由不拥有签名信息密钥的实体对其加以验证
的担保。例如,在使用不对称加密系统时,
经过信息创建者私钥加密的信息的一个安全
哈希摘要。某些数字签名中使用的一些算法
不能用于数据加密,例如 DSA。
Digital signature Algorithm(数字
签名算法)
语境【安全】
数字签名算法是数字签名标准的一个子
集,表示了只用作数字签名的一个特定的公
secrets. Acronym DH.
DiffServCONTEXT 【Management】
Abbreviation for Differentiated Services.
DigestCONTEXT 【Security】
"A computationally efficient function
mapping binary strings of arbitrary length to
binary strings of some fixed length. A key
feature of cryptographic digests is that given a
digest, it is computationally infeasible to find
another plaintext string that generates the same
digest."
Digital Linear TapeCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A family of tape device and media
technologies developed by Quantum
Corporation.
Digital signatureCONTEXT 【Security】
"A cryptographic process used to assure
information authenticity, integrity, and
nonrepudiation. Generally refers to assurances
that can be externally verified by entities not in
possession of the key used to sign the information.
For example a secure hash of the information
encrypted with the originator's private key when
an asymmetric cryptosystem is used. Some
algorithms that are used in digital signatures
cannot be used to encrypt data. (e.g., DSA)."
Digital Signature AlgorithmCONTEXT 【Security】
"A subset of the Digital Signature Standard
that represents a specific public key algorithm
that is only used for digital signatures. The
62
钥算法。密钥运行在由SHA-1产生的消息哈
希;为了验证一个签名,要重新计算消息的
哈希,使用公钥解密签名然后比较结果。缩
写为 DSA。
Digital signature standard(数字
签名标准)
语境【安全】
是数字签名的一个标准,由 NIST 在联
邦信息处理标准出版物186-2上发布。它规
定了 DSA为数字签名的算法和 SHA-1 作哈
希。缩写为 DSS
Direct Attached Storage(直接附
加存储)
直接附加存储是一个专门的存储设备直
接连接到一个或者多个服务器上。缩写为
DAS。
Directory(目录)
语境【文件系统】【管理】【网络】
1. 一种组织信息的机制。
2. 文件系统中,包含其他文件信息的文
件或者永久性的数据结构。目录通常按照成
层次结构来组织(也就是说目录可以包含多
个文件或者其他目录),常用来组织文件集
合,以满足应用程序或者用户的需要。
3. 基于LDAP的数据库由多种类定义以
及这些类的实例组成。Microsoft公司的活动
目录,或者Novell公司的NetWare网络操作
系统的目录服务(NetWare Directory Service,
NDS),都是企业 LDAP目录的例子。
Directory enabled network(目录
驱动网络)
secret key operates on the message hash
generated by SHA-1; to verify a signature, one
recomputes the hash of the message, uses the
public key to decrypt the signature and then
compares the results. Acronym DSA."
Digital Signature StandardCONTEXT 【Security】
A standard for digital signature that is
published by the National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST) in Federal Information
Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 186-2.
It specifies DSA as the algorithm for digital
signatures and SHA-1 for hashing. Acronym
DSS.
Direct Attached StorageDirect Attached Storage is a dedicated
storage device that connects directly to one or
more servers. Acronym DAS.
DirectoryC O N T E X T 【F i l e S y s t e m 】
【Management】 【Network】
1. A mechanism for organizing information
"2. A file or other persistent data structure
in a file system that contains information about
other files. Directories are usually organized
hierarchically (i.e., a directory may contain both
information about files and other directories),
and are used to organize collections of files for
application or human convenience."
3. An LDAP-based repository consisting
of class definitions and instances of those classes.
An example of an enterprise-wide LDAP
directory is Microsoft's Active Directory (AD)
or Novell's NetWare Directory Service (NDS).
Directory enabled networkCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
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语境【管理】【网络】
一种行业发起标准,现在成为DMTF的
部分任务,它能够将CIM结构映射为LDAP
目录结构。缩写为 DEN。DEN 的目标时为
描述网络、网络元素以及网络协议和策略 /
规则提供一种一致和标准的数据模型。DEN
中定义的策略是用来提供高质量的服务或者
管理服务的某种特定类别。
Directory tree(目录树)
语境【文件系统】
一个关于目录、目录中所有文件以及所
有子目录的目录树的集合性术语。
Disaster Recovery(灾难恢复)
灾难恢复是丢失对全部或者部分数据中
心的使用后,通过一个复杂的过程来建立冗
余点(设备和工作空间)来恢复要操作的数
据,从而恢复数据和对数据的访问以及相关
的过程,进而能够继续进行交易的操作。这
个过程不仅仅牵扯到一个永远存在的数据集
合,还有永远存在的硬件和软件来继续处理
数据和交易。这个过程可能需要一段时间来
进行恢复。缩写为 DR。
Discard policy(丢弃策略)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种错误处理策略,该策略下N_Port或
者NL_Port端口在发现无法接收到序列中的
某一个帧时,丢弃该序列中所有已接收到的
数据帧。
Disconnection(断开连接)
语境【Fibre Channel】
两个 N_Port 端口之间的专用连接的拆
除。
"An industry initiative, now part of the
DMTF's mission, to map the CIM schema to an
LDAP Directory. Abbreviated DEN. DEN's
goals are to provide a consistent and standard
data model to describe a network, its elements
and its policies/rules. Policies are defined to
provide quality of service or to manage to a
specified class of service."
Directory treeCONTEXT 【File System】
"A collective term for a directory, all of its
files, and the directory trees of each of its
subdirectories."
Disaster Recovery"The recovery of data, access to data and
associated processing through a comprehensive
process of setting up a redundant site (equipment
and work space) with recovery of operational
data to continue business operations after a loss
of use of all or part of a data center. This involves
not only an essential set of data but also an
essential set of all the hardware and software to
continue processing of that data and business.
This may involve some amount of down time to
perform this recovery. Acronym DR."
Discard policyCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An error handling policy that allows an
N_Port or NL_Port to discard data frames
received following detection of a missing frame
in a sequence.
DisconnectionCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The process of removing a dedicated
connection between two N_Ports.
64
Disk/Disk DriveCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"A non-volatile, randomly addressable, re-
writable data storage device. This definition
includes both rotating magnetic and optical disks
and solid-state disks, or non-volatile electronic
storage elements. It does not include specialized
devices such as write-once-read-many (WORM)
optical disks, nor does it include so-called RAM
disks implemented using software to control a
dedicated portion of a host computer's volatile
random access memory."
Disk arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A set of disks from one or more commonly
accessible disk subsystems, combined with a
body of control software. The control software
presents the disks' storage capacity to hosts as
one or more virtual disks. Control software is
often called firmware or microcode when it runs
in a disk controller. Control software that runs in
a host computer is usually called a volume
manager."
Disk array subsystemCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A disk subsystem which includes control
software with the capability to organize its disks
as disk arrays.
Disk blockCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
"The unit in which data is stored and
retrieved on a fixed block architecture disk.
Disk blocks are of fixed usable size (with the
most common being 512 bytes), and are usually
numbered consecutively. Disk blocks are also
the unit of on-disk protection against errors;
whatever mechanism a disk employs to protect
Disk(磁盘)/Disk Drive(磁盘驱
动器)
语境【存储设备】
一种非易失性的、可随机编址的、可重
写的数据存储设备。该定义包括旋转式磁
盘、光盘、固态磁盘(solid-state disk)以及
非易失性的电子存储单元。但是,该定义不
包括诸如一次写多次读(write-once-read-
many,WORM)光盘之类的专用设备,也不
包括所谓的RAM 磁盘,这种磁盘通过软件
控制主机的易失性随机访问存储器的一部
分。
Disk array(磁盘阵列)
语境【存储系统】
由一个或者多个磁盘子系统(通常可访
问的)中的磁盘组成的磁盘集合,这些磁盘
由控制软件组合到一起并统一控制。控制软
件将磁盘集合的总磁盘存储容量作为一个或
者多个虚拟磁盘提供给主机。控制软件在磁
盘控制器中运行时常被称为固件(firmware)
或者微码(microcode)。在主机中运行的控
制软件通常称为卷管理器(v o l u m e
manager)。
Disk array subsystem(磁盘阵列
子系统)
语境【存储系统】
使用控制软件将安装在其上的磁盘组织
成磁盘阵列的磁盘子系统。
Disk block(磁盘块)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
固定块结构磁盘中,数据存储和检索的
基本单位。磁盘块具有固定的可用容量(最
常用的容量是512字节),并且通常是连续编
址的。不论磁盘使用什么数据出错保护机制
(例如 ECC)来保护数据块,磁盘块都是进
行on-disk出错保护的基本单位。另请参考:
sector。
65
Disk cache(磁盘缓存)
1. 驻留在磁盘中的缓存。
2. 一般驻留在控制器或者主机中,主要
目的是提高磁盘或者阵列的 I/O 性能。另请
参考: cache,controller cache,host cache。
Disk image backup(磁盘映像备
份)
语境【数据恢复】【Windows】
通过对组成磁盘可用存储空间的所有磁
盘块的拷贝而实现的备份。磁盘映像备份并
不包括磁盘上的对象信息,因此不能用来进
行单个对象的恢复。
Disk shadowing(磁盘映像)
语境【存储系统】
镜像(mirroring)的同义词。
Disk striping(磁盘分条)
语境【存储系统】
数据分条(data striping)的同义词。
Disk subsystem(磁盘子系统)
语境【存储系统】
仅支持磁盘设备的存储子系统。
Disk scrubbing(磁盘清理)
语境【存储系统】
读取RAID阵列上的所有用户数据并对
其进行检查,如果发现磁盘损坏,就将数据
移到其他位置保存。磁盘清理操作对应用程
序的性能具有显而易见的负面影响。
against data errors (e.g., ECC) protects individual
blocks of data. cf. sector"
Disk cache1.A cache that resides within a disk
"2. A cache that resides in a controller or
host whose primary purpose is to improve disk
or array I/O performance. cf. cache, controller
cache, host cache"
Disk image backupC O N T E X T 【D a t a R e c o v e r y】
【Windows】
"A backup consisting of a copy of each of
the blocks comprising a disk's usable storage
area. A disk image backup incorporates no
information about the objects contained on the
disk, and hence cannot be used for individual
object restoration."
Disk shadowingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for mirroring.
Disk stripingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for data striping.
Disk subsystemCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A storage subsystem that supports only
disk devices.
Disk scrubbingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A function which reads all of the user data
and check data blocks in a RAID array and
relocates them if media defects are found. Disk
scrubbing can have a noticeable negative effect
on application performance.
66
Disparity(不均衡性)
语境【Fibre Channel】
传输字符中1的个数与0的个数的差别。
Distributed Management TaskForce(分布式管理任务组)
语境【管理】
一个致力于制定关于计算机系统和企业
环境下管理标准的行业组织。缩写为
DMTF。DMTF 所制定的标准有 WBEM、
CIM、DMI、DEN 以及 ARM。DMTF 的网
站为 www.dmtf.org。
DLM语境【信息生命周期管理】
数据生命周期管理(Data Lifecycle
Management)的缩写。
DLT语境【存储设备】
数字线性磁带(Digital Linear Tape)的
缩写。
DMI桌面管理接口(Desktop Management
Interface)的缩写。
DMR差异镜像再同步(differential mirror
resynchronization)的缩写。
DMTF语境【管理】
分布式管理任务组(D i s t r i b u t e d
Management Task Force)的缩写。
DNS语境【网络】
DisparityCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The difference between the number of ones
and the number of zeros in a transmission
character.
Distributed Management TaskForce
CONTEXT 【Management】
"An industry organization that develops
management standards for computer system and
enterprise environments. DMTF standards
include WBEM, CIM, DMI, DEN and ARM.
Abbreviated DMTF. The DMTF has a web site
at www.dmtf.org."
DLMCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
Acronym for Data Lifecycle Management.
DLTCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
Acronym for Digital Linear Tape.
DMIAcronym for Desktop Management
Interface.
DMRAcronym for d i f fe ren t ia l mir ror
resynchronization.
DMTFCONTEXT 【Management
Acronym for Distributed Management
Task Force.
DNSCONTEXT 【Network】
67
域名服务(Domain Name Service)的
缩写。
Document type Definition(文档
类型定义)
语境【网络】
"在XML语言中,关于文档中允许出现
的标志(tag)或者标记码(""markup code"")
及其所表示意义的规定。标志是出现在符号
""<""和"">""之间的符号。文档类型定义缩
写为 DTD。如果文档是符合文档类型定义
的,那么通用阅读软件都可以正确地分析、
显示和打印该文档。"
Domain controller(域控制器)
语境【Windows】
包含有用户帐户数据库信息的Windows
N T 或者 W i n d o w s 2 0 0 0 服务器。一个
Windows域可以包括一个主域控制器和一个
备用域控制器。
Domain Name Service(域名服
务)
语境【网络】
按照标准完成网络结点的 IP 地址和符
号域名之间相互转换的一种计算机程序。缩
写为DNS。大多数的操作系统都提供了域名
服务。
DoS语境【安全】
拒绝服务(denial of service)的缩写。
Double buffering(双重缓冲区处
理)
一种通过持续保持两个对于连续地址数
据的未处理 I/O 请求的方式来,最大化数据
传输率的技术。软件组件通过连续发送两个
I/O 请求的方式,来启动一个双重缓冲区处
理的 I/O流,然后每当一个 I/O请求完成时,
就立即启动处理另一个 I/O 请求,同时还要
Acronym for Domain Name Service.
Document type DefinitionCONTEXT 【Network】
"In XML, a specification of the permissible
tags or ""markup codes"" in a document, and
their meanings. Tags are delimited by the
characters, ""<"" and "">"". Abbreviated DTD.
When a DTD is available for a document, a
universal reader (program) can parse the
document and display or print it."
Domain controllerCONTEXT 【Windows】
A Windows NT or Windows 2000 server
that contains a copy of a user account database.
A Windows domain may contain both a primary
and a backup domain controller.
Domain Name ServiceCONTEXT 【Network】
A computer program that converts between
IP addresses and symbolic names for nodes on
a network in a standard way. Abbreviated DNS.
Most operating systems include a version of
Domain Name Service.
DoSCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for denial of service
Double buffering"A technique often used to maximize data
transfer rate by constantly keeping two I/O
requests for consecutively addressed data
outstanding. A software component begins a
double-buffered I/O stream by making two I/O
requests in rapid sequence. Thereafter, each
time an I/O request completes, another is
68
保持有两个未处理的 I/O请求。如果磁盘子
系统能够以足够快的速度来处理请求的话,
双重缓冲区处理技术就使得数据传输能够以
磁盘或者磁盘阵列的满卷传输速率(fu l l
volume transfer rate)进行传输。
Drive letter(盘符)
语境【Windows】
在Windows操作系统中,应用程序或者
用户用字母表中的一个字母来表示物理磁盘
或者虚拟磁盘的分区。字母表中字母的数量
决定了能够引用的磁盘的总数。
Driver/Driver software(驱动 / 驱动程序)
I/O 驱动程序(I/O driver)的同义词。
DSA语境【安全】
由NIST于1991年提出的一种关于数字
签名的特定算法的缩写。
DTD文档类型定义(D o c u m e n t T y p e
definition)的缩写。
Dual active (components)(双主
动组件 / 双机互备援)
能够完成一种任务或者一类任务的、可
以同时正常工作的一对组件,例如容错存储
子系统中的双控制器。在双主动组件中的一
个组件失效时,另一个组件能够负担起并维
持整个任务的正常运行。双主动控制器同时
连接到同一个存储设备上,从而相对于单个
控制器结构而言,提高了系统的 I/O 性能以
及容错能力。双主动组件也称为active-active
组件。
Duplicate(副本)
语境【备份】
immediately made, leaving two outstanding. If
a disk subsystem can process requests fast
enough, double buffering allows data to be
transferred at a disk or disk array's full volume
transfer rate."
Drive letterCONTEXT 【Windows】
A single letter of the alphabet by which
applications and users identify a partition of
physical or virtual disk to the Windows operating
system. The number of letters in the alphabet
limits the number of disks that can be referenced.
Driver/Driver softwareSynonyms for I/O driver.
DSACONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for a specific algorithm proposed
by NIST in 1991 for use in digital signatures.
DTDAcronym for Document Type definition.
Dual active (components)"A pair of components, such as the
controllers in a failure tolerant storage subsystem
that share a task or class of tasks when both are
functioning normally. When one of the
components fails, the other takes on the entire
task. Dual active controllers are connected to the
same set of storage devices, improve both I/O
performance and failure tolerance compared to
a single controller. Dual active components are
also called active-active components."
DuplicateCONTEXT 【Backup】
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“(名词)对于数据集合(包括时间点拷
贝)的拷贝的通用术语。(动词)如上定义产
生一个的副本的动作。另请参考: replicate,
snapshot . Any redundant component in a
system。”
Dynamic host control protocol(动
态主机控制协议)
语境【网络】
一种 Internet 协议,该协议允许结点动
态地获取(暂时租用)网络地址,并在一定
的时间段内使用,而不需要预先设定。缩写
为DHCP。DHCP 极大地简化了大型网络或
者结点频繁加入和断开的网络的管理工作。
Dynamic mapping(动态映射)
语境【存储系统】
“一种映射方式,在该映射方式下两个
地址空间中的地址之间的映射关系可以随着
时间变化而变化。另请参考: algorithmic
mapping, tabular mapping。”
EE_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
"Fibre Channel 交换机上的扩展端口。
E_Port端口用于将多个Fibre Channel连接到
一起,组成一个 fabric。另请参考: F_Port,
FL_Port, G_Port, L_Port, N_Port, NL_Port。"
EAL语境【安全】
Evaluation Assurance Level 的简写。
EBU语境【标准】
欧洲广播联盟(European Broadcast
Union)的缩写。
"(noun) A general term for a copy of a
collection of data, including point in time copies.
(verb) The action of making a duplicate as
defined above. cf. replicate, snapshot . Any
redundant component in a system. "
Dynamic host control protocolCONTEXT 【Network】
"An Internet protocol that allows nodes to
dynamically acquire (""lease"") network
addresses for periods of time rather than having
to pre-configure them. Abbreviated DHCP.
DHCP greatly simplifies the administration of
large networks, and networks in which nodes
frequently join and depart."
Dynamic mappingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A form of mapping in which the
correspondence between addresses in the two
address spaces can change over time. cf.
algorithmic mapping, tabular mapping"
E_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An expansion port on a Fibre Channel
switch. E_Ports are used to link multiple Fibre
Channel switches together into a fabric. cf.
F_Port, FL_Port, G_Port, L_Port, N_Port,
NL_Port"
EALCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Evaluation Assurance Level.
EBUCONTEXT 【Standards
Acronym for European Broadcast Union.
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ECC纠错码(error correcting code)的缩写。
EE_buffer语境【Fibre Channel】
端到端流量控制技术(end-to-end flow
control)中的缓冲区。
EE_credit语境【Fibre Channel】
在两个通信设备间进行数据帧交换期
间,用以管理端到端流量控制的一种信用度
机制。
Electronic storage element(电子
存储元件)
语境【存储设备】
固态磁盘(solid state disk)的同义词。
Embedded controller/embeddedstorage controller(嵌入式控制器 / 嵌入式存储控制器)
语境【存储系统】
挂载在主机内部并直接连接到主机的内
部 I/O总线上的智能存储控制器。嵌入式控
制器避免了存储访问操作需要经过主机总线
适配器和外部主机 I/O总线的问题。嵌入式
存储控制器与主机总线适配器的区别在于:
前者不需要进行 I/O总线协议转换就能够完
成操作,(例如 RAID)。
Encapsulating Security Payload(封装的安全有效载荷)
语境【安全】
Ipsec 协议组成之一,支持不同加密机
制的使用。
Encoding(编码)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由有效数据字节和特殊代码生成传输字
ECCAcronym for error correcting code.
EE_bufferCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A buffer associated with end-to-end flow
control.
EE_creditCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A credit scheme used to manage end-to-
end flow control during the exchange of frames
between two communicating devices.
Electronic storage elementCONTEXT 【Storage Device
Synonym for solid state disk.
Embedded controller/embeddedstorage controller
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"An intelligent storage controller that
mounts in a host computer’s housing and
attaches directly to a host’s internal I/O bus.
Embedded controllers obviate the need for host
bus adapters and external host I/O buses.
Embedded storage controllers differ from host
bus adapters in that they provide functions
beyond I/O bus protocol conversion (e.g.,
RAID)."
Encapsulating Security PayloadCONTEXT 【Security】
A component of IPsec that permits the
specification of various confidentiality
mechanisms.
EncodingCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Generation of transmission characters from
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符的过程。
Encryption(加密)
语境【安全】
将明文信息转换成密文信息的过程,该
转换使得信息只能由拥有正确解密密钥的授
权用户读取。
End of frame(帧尾)
表示帧结束的一组有序集。
End-to-end encryption(端到端加
密)
语境【安全】
在源信息端对信息进行加密,然后在目
标信息端对加密信息进行解密,不需要中间
解码的支持。
End to end flow control(端到端
流量控制)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
1. 关于网络上通信的两端之间的消息流
的控制技术。
2. 在 Fibre Channel 中,连接的两个
N_Port之间的流量控制技术。
Enterprise resource management(企业资源管理)
语境【管理】【网络】
管理某个组织机构的所有资源、系统、
服务以及功能的软件。
关于某个组织机构整个业务范围内所有
广义上的资源集合的管理。在企业中进行管
理需要企业中的所有实体都必须惟一命名,
并且位于企业范围之内,同时还需要支持所
有异构的平台和服务,当然,企业环境的一
些动态特性也需要加以考虑。
valid data bytes and special codes.
EncryptionCONTEXT 【Security】
The conversion of plaintext to encrypted
text with the intent that it only be accessible to
authorized users who have the appropriate
decryption key.
End of frameA group of ordered sets that delineates the
end of a frame.
End-to-end encryptionCONTEXT 【Security】
Encryption of information at its origin and
decryption at its intended destination without
intermediate decryption.
End to end flow controlCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
1.Control of message flow between the
two end parties to a communication on a network
2.Flow control that occurs between two
connected Fibre Channel N-Ports.
Enterprise resource managementCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
"Software that manages all aspects of an
organization's assets, systems, services and
functions."
"The management of a set of resources in
the wider perspective of an organization's entire
business. Managing in an enterprise context
requires that entities be named uniquely and
locatable within the enterprise, that heterogeneity
of platforms and services may be assumed, and
that the dynamic nature of the environment is
taken into account."
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Enterprise Systems Connection(企业系统连接)
语境【存储系统】
一种用在 IBM公司的企业系统ES9000
系列数据中心计算机中的传输率为200Mbps
的串行 I/O 总线。缩写为 ESCON。ESCON
在许多方面与Fibre Channel具有相似性,例
如ESCON 也是基于冗余交换机来进行主机
与存储子系统之间的串行光纤连接。
Entry port exit port(入口 出口 /磁带更换口)
语境【数据恢复】
介质库中,在不用打开库门(即不用外露
内部结构)的情况下,磁带放入或者退出介质
库所使用的端口。也称为出口(exit port)。
EOF帧尾(end of frame)的缩写。
ERM企业资源管理(Enterprise Resource
Management)的缩写。
Error correcting code(纠错码)
为了检测存储或者检索数据的正确性,
并且如果可能的话在发现错误时予以更正的
机制。缩写为ECC。ECC由许多比特位组成,
这些比特位由所要保护数据按照某种函数计
算得到,并且这些比特位都要附在数据后
面。当读取数据与ECC码时,再使用ECC码
的计算函数进行计算,并将得到的结果与
ECC码进行比较,如果可能的话更正发现的
错误。纠错码与循环冗余校验码的不同在
于:后者能够检测到错误,但是一般都没有
更正错误的能力。另请参考: c y c l i c
redundancy check。
ESCON语境【存储系统】
Enterprise Systems ConnectionCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A 200 Mbps serial I/O bus used on IBM
Corporation’s Enterprise System 9000 data
center computers. Abbreviated ESCON. Similar
to Fibre Channel in many respects, ESCON is
based on redundant switches to which computers
and storage subsystems connect using serial
optical connections."
Entry port/exit portCONTEXT 【Data recovery】
A port in a media library through which
media can be inserted or removed without
exposing internal library components. Also
called exit port.
EOFAcronym for end of frame.
ERMAcronym for Enterprise Resource
Management.
Error correcting code"A scheme for checking the correctness of
data that has been stored and retrieved, and
correcting it if necessary. Abbreviated ECC. An
ECC consists of a number of bits computed as a
function of the data to be protected, and appended
to the data. When the data and ECC are read, the
function is recomputed, the result is compared
to the ECC appended to the data, and correction
is performed if necessary. Error correcting codes
differ from cyclic redundancy checks in that the
latter can detect errors, but are not generally
capable of correcting them. cf. cyclic redundancy
check"
ESCONCONTEXT 【Storage System】
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企业系统连接(Enterprise Systems
Connection)的缩写。
ESP语境【安全】
封装的安全有效载荷(Encapsulating
Security Payload)的缩写。
ESRM企业存储资源管理(Enterprise Storage
Resource Management)的缩写。
Ethernet(以太网)
语境【网络】
是一种主流的局域网技术,以太网主要
是通过各种形式的电子介质或者光纤介质进
行物理端口之间的基于数据打包的通信传
输。以太网能够传输多种上层协议,最流行
的就是 TCP/IP 协议。以太网标准由 IEEE
802.3 委员会管理。一般意义上的以太网通
常是指基于多点铜缆进行传输的10Mbps 以
太网。快速以太网(Fast Ethernet)是指同样
基于多点铜缆进行传输的100Mbps 以太网。
以太网和快速以太网使用的都是CSMA/CD
物理信号机制。吉比特以太网(G i g a b i t
Ethernet,简写为GBE)采用8b/10b 编码以
1250M的波特率(每秒1Gb数据)的速度进
行数据传输,它使用连续传输检测机制。
Ethernet adapter(以太网适配器)
语境【网络】
将智能设备连接到以太网上的适配器类
型。通常称为以太网网卡或者以太网 NIC。
另请参考: NIC。
European Broadcast Union(欧洲
广播联盟)
语境【标准】
Acronym for Enterpr ise Systems
Connection.
ESPCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Encapsulating Security
Payload
ESRMAcronym for Enterprise Storage Resource
Management.
EthernetCONTEXT 【Network】
"The predominant local area networking
technology, based on packetized transmissions
between physical ports over a variety of electrical
and optical media. Ethernet can transport any of
several upper layer protocols, the most popular
of which is TCP/IP. Ethernet standards are
maintained by the IEEE 802.3 committee. The
unqualified term Ethernet usually refers to 10
Mbps transmission on multi-point copper. Fast
Ethernet is used to denote 100 Mbps
transmission, also on multipoint copper facilities.
Ethernet and Fast Ethernet both use CSMA/CD
physical signaling. Gigabit Ethernet (abbreviated
GBE) transmits at 1250 Megabaud (1Gbit of
data per second) using 8b/10b encoding with
constant transmission detection."
Ethernet adapterCONTEXT 【Network】
"An adapter that connects an intelligent
device to an Ethernet network. Usually called an
Ethernet network interface card, or Ethernet
NIC. cf. NIC"
European Broadcast UnionCONTEXT 【Standards
A European-based television (Video)
74
一个欧洲电视(视频)标准组织,该组
织与SMPTE 具有合作关系,同时与 FC-AV
之间也有松散的关系。缩写为 EBU。
EVSN语境【数据恢复】
外部卷序列号(External Volume Serial
Number)的缩写。
Exchange(交换)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在一对Fibre Channel端口之间传输的一
个或者多个非并发的相关数据序列集合。交
换内含了一个“对话”(conversation)操作,
例如SCSI任务或者 IP交换。交换可以双向
进行,生命周期可长可短。进行交换的双方
分别用发起者交换标识(O r i g i n a t o r
Exchange_Identifier,OX_ID)和响应者交换
标识(Responder Exchange_Identifier,
RX_ID)来区分。
Exchange_Identifier(交换标识)
语境【Fibre Channel】
表示发起者交换标识(O r i g i n a t o r
Exchange_Identifier,OX_ID)和 / 或者响应
者交换标识(Responder Exchange_Identifier,
RX_ID)的一种通用术语。
Exchange status block(交换状态
块)
语境【Fibre Channel】
包含交换的状态信息的数据结构。对于
每个并发的有效交换来说,该交换的发起者
N_Port或者NL_Port具有一个发起者交换状
态块(Originator Exchange Status Block),同
时响应者N_Port或者NL_Port也具有一个响
应者交换状态块(Responder Exchange Status
Block)。
Exclusive connection(排他连接)
语境【Fibre Channel】
standardization group coordinated with SMPTE
and loosely affiliated with FC-AV. Abbreviated
EBU.
EVSNCONTEXT 【Data recovery】
Acronym for External Volume Serial
Number.
ExchangeCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A set of one or more non-concurrent related
sequences passing between a pair of Fibre
Channel ports. An exchange encapsulates a
“conversation” such as a SCSI task or an IP
exchange. Exchanges may be bidirectional and
may be short or long lived. The parties to an
exchange are identified by an Originator
Exchange_Identifier (OX_ID) and a Responder
Exchange_Identifier (RX_ID).
Exchange_IdentifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A generic term denoting either an Originator
Exchange Identifier (OX_ID) or a Responder
Exchange Identifier (RX_ID).
Exchange status blockCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A data structure which contains the state of
an exchange. An originator N_Port or NL_Port
has an Originator Exchange Status Block and a
Responder N_Port or NL_Port has a Responder
Exchange Status Block for each concurrently
active exchange.
Exclusive connectionCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
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一种不能采用 Intermix(合用技术)的
Class 1 专用连接。
Exit port(退出点)
语境【数据恢复】
介质库中的介质能够在库内部结构的条
件下,加入或者退出介质库所使用的端口。
另请参考: entry port
Expansion card/expans ionmodule(扩展卡 /扩展模块)
以印刷电路模块的形式存在的、可以附
加到智能设备上的可选适配器的通称。扩展
卡包括主机总线适配器、网卡、NVRAM、控
制台以及其他用作特殊目的的适配器。
Expansion slot(扩展槽)
智能设备中的一种用于将扩展模块加载
并将其连接到内部总线上的设备,通过扩展
槽,扩展卡才能加入到智能设备中。
Explicit addressing(显式编址)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
一种在磁盘中使用的编址方法,在磁盘
中,数据地址由访问请求显式指定。另请参
考: implicit addressing。
Exploit(破除或开发)语境【安全】
一种定义的通过攻击来威胁 IT 系统安
全的方法。
Export (verb)(提供-动词)
1.引出(present)的同义词。指使其可
见或可用。磁盘阵列控制软件向其主机提供
虚拟磁盘。在文件系统中,远程客户机要进
行访问需要提供为其目录信息。
A Class 1 dedicated connection without
intermix.
Exit portCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A port in a media library through which
media can be inserted or removed without
exposing internal library components. cf. entry
port
Expansion card/expans ionmodule
"A collective term for optional adapters in
the form of printed circuit modules that can be
added to intelligent devices. Expansion cards
include host bus adapters, network interface
cards, as well as NVRAM, console, and other
special purpose adapters."
Expansion slotA mounting and internal bus attachment
device within an intelligent device into which
expansion cards are inserted.
Explicit addressingCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
A form of addressing used with disks in
which the data’s address is explicitly specified
in the access request. cf. implicit addressing
ExploitCONTEXT 【Security】
A defined way to breach the security of an
IT system through a vulnerability.
Export (verb)"1. Synonym for present. To cause to appear
or make available. Disk array control software
exports virtual disks to its host environment. In
file systems, a directory may be exported or
76
2.将对象(例如数据)从某个系统中移
到该系统之外的某个位置的过程通常需要转
换。
eXtensible Markup Language(可
扩展标记语言)
一种关于万维网(World Wide Web)上
的结构化文档和数据的通用格式。缩写为
XML。XML的规范由W3C协会(World Wide
Web Consortium)负责制订和维护。另请参
考: http://www.w3.org/XML/。
Extent(盘区)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
1. 指分配给单个文件的连续地址空间的
连续编址的FBA磁盘块集合。或者指分配给
单个文件的 CKD 磁盘上的一组连续磁道集
合。
2. 再或者指连续编址的磁盘块集合,这
些磁盘块都是某个磁盘阵列的虚拟磁盘到该
阵列的成员磁盘映射的一部分。
3. 单个磁盘可以组织成多个不同大小的
盘区,也可以由多个同属于某磁盘阵列的虚
拟磁盘到成员磁盘的映射的不相邻盘区组
成。这种类型的盘区有时候被称为逻辑磁
盘。
4. 指 CIM CIM_StorageExtent 对象的一
个子类或者实例。CIM模型包括了可移动或
者固定类型的存储介质。
External controller/external diskcontroller/external storage controller(外部控制器/外部磁盘控制器/外部存
储控制器)
语境【存储系统】
挂载在主机机箱之外并通过外部 I/O总
made available for access by remote clients"
"2. To move objects, such as data, from
within a system to a location outside the system,
usually requiring a transformation during the
move."
eXtensible Markup LanguageA universal format for structured
documents and data on the World Wide Web.
Abbreviated XML. The World Wide Web
Consortium is responsible for the XML
specification. cf. http://www.w3.org/XML/.
ExtentCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
1. A set of consecutively addressed FBA
disk blocks that is allocated to consecutive
addresses of a single file
2. A set of consecutively located tracks on
a CKD disk that is allocated to a single file.
"3. A set of consecutively addressed disk
blocks that is part of a single virtual disk-to-
member disk array mapping. A single disk may
be organized into multiple extents of different
sizes, and may have multiple (possibly) non-
adjacent extents that are part of the same virtual
disk-to-member disk array mapping. This type
of extent is sometimes called a logical disk."
4 .A subc lass o r ins tance o f the
CIM_StorageExtent object. CIM models both
removable and non-removable types of storage
media.
External controller/external diskcontroller/external storage controller
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
An intelligent storage controller that mounts
outside its host computer’s enclosure and
attaches to hosts via external I/O buses. External
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线连接到主机上的智能存储控制器。外部存
储控制器通常安装在存放其所控制磁盘的机
箱中。
External volume serial number(外部卷序列号)
语境【数据恢复】
标识在可移动存储介质或者cartridge上
的可人工识别的卷序列号。缩写为EVSN。另
请参考: label。
Eye(眼)
眼图(eye diagram)中正常脉冲信号不
会在其中出现的区域。眼位于眼图的中心,
并且用以区别信号的有无(如果信号发生,
则必然出现在眼上的区域,否则只能出现在
眼下面的区域)。
Eye diagram(眼图)
为传输器说明光信号或者电脉冲特征的
图。水平轴表示从发出脉冲(或者信号)时
刻开始的时间,垂直轴表示脉冲振幅。另请
参考: eye opening。
Eye opening(眼开度)
眼图上时间间隔,以正常眼睛振幅的一
半来度量,对于指定的BER而言其中不应有
错误信号出现。
FF_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel fabric 交换机中的 Fabric
端口,提供一个到单个N_Port的点对点的连
接。F_Ports 是在终端系统端口之间的虚拟
点对点连接中的中间端口。例如终端节点上
的N_Port连接到交换机上的F_Port,通过这
台交换机上的 F_Port 连接到使用一个单一
Fibre Channel fabric交换机的其他终端节点
的 N_Port。
storage controllers usually mount in the enclosure
containing the disks they control.
External volume serial numberCONTEXT 【Data recovery】
A humanly readable volume serial number
on a removable media or cartridge. Abbreviated
EVSN. . cf. label
EyeThe region of an eye diagram that does not
occur for correctly formed pulses. This is in the
center of the eye diagram and distinguishes
presence of signal (region above the eye) from
absence of signal (region below the eye).
Eye diagramA diagram used to specify optical or
electrical pulse characteristics for transmitters.
The horizontal axis represents normalized time
from pulse start and the vertical axis represents
normalized amplitude. cf. eye opening
Eye opening"The time interval across the eye, measured
at a 50% normalized eye amplitude, which is
error free to the specified BER."
F_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The “Fabric” port within a Fibre Channel
fabric switch provides a point-to-point link
attachment to a single N_Port. F_Ports are
intermediate ports in virtual point-to-point links
between end system ports, for example the
N_Port on an end node to the F_Port on a switch
to the F_Port in that switch to the N_Port on the
other end node using a single Fibre Channel
78
F_Port name(F_Port名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
F _ P o r t 端 口 的 名 字 标 识 符
(Name_Identifier)。
Fabric语境【Fibre Channel】
连接多种 Nx_Ports 到其本身的一种实
体。它由一个或者多个交换机组成。它只需
要知道FC-2帧头的D_ID条件下即可进行路
由
Fabric login(fabric登录)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 节点与 fabric 交换机建立
逻辑连接的过程。
Fabric Name(fabric名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
fabric的名字标识符(Name_Identifier)。
Failback(故障恢复)
将发生故障的系统组件上的负载,转移
到替换的组件上的恢复过程。例如,在替换
某个冗余结构中的故障控制器时,原来由发
生故障的控制器所控制的设备通常会由替换
控制器接管,从而达到恢复 I/O 负载平衡和
恢复容错能力。与此相似,在替换故障的风
扇或者电源的时候,原来由冗余部件所承担
的负载将由替换部件来接管。
Failed over(失效接管)
容错系统的一种操作运行模式,在这种
fabric switch."
F_Port nameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Name_Identifier associated with an
F_Port.
fabricCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An entity consisting of one or more
Switches that interconnect various Nx_Ports
attached to it. This entity is capable of routing
frames using only the D_ID information in an
FC-2 frame header.
Fabric loginCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The process by which a Fibre Channel
node establishes a logical connection to a fabric
switch.
Fabric NameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Name_Identifier associated with a fabric.
Failback"The restoration of a failed system
component’s share of a load to a replacement
component. For example, when a failed
controller in a redundant configuration is
replaced, the devices that were originally
controlled by the failed controller are usually
failed back to the replacement controller to
restore the I/O balance, and to restore failure
tolerance. Similarly, when a defective fan or
power supply is replaced, its load, previously
borne by a redundant component can be failed
back to the replacement part."
Failed over"A mode of operation for failure tolerant
79
操作模式中,发生故障的部件的功能将由冗
余部件来代替。如果一个以 failed over 模式
运行的系统只能保证防止单个组件失效,那
么这个系统就不是容错系统,这是因为:如
果冗余部件也发生故障,那么就会导致整个
系统的失效。某些系统(例如集群)可以容
忍多个故障的发生,而且后面发生的故障还
能够使用其他冗余部件来容错,直到再也没
有冗余部件来防止故障的发生。
Failover(故障接管)
功能对等的系统部件对于故障部件的自
动替换过程。failover是连接到存储设备或者
主机的智能控制器中最常使用的术语。如果
控制器中的一个发生故障,那么 failover 过
程就会启动,其他的完好控制器就会接管故
障控制器的 I/O负载。
Failure tolerance(容错)
系统在其组件(一个或者多个)发生故
障时仍然能够继续正常提供功能(但是系统
性能可能降低)的能力。在磁盘子系统中,
容错通常以设置多个冗余的关键组件(该组
件的故障会使得整个系统失效),同时设置
支持冗余组件在原组件发生故障时能够接管
故障组件的设备的方式来实现。
Fanout(扇出)
语境【存储系统】
设备扇出(device fanout)的同义词。
Fast SCSI(快速SCSI)语境【SCSI】
“一种 SCSI 形式,该形式的 SCSI 支持
每秒10兆的传输速度。宽带快速SCSI具有
16位的数据通路,能够以每秒20M字节的速
systems in which a component has failed and its
function has been assumed by a redundant
component. A system that protects against single
failures operating in failed over mode is not
failure tolerant, since failure of the redundant
component may render the system unable to
function. Some systems (e.g., clusters) are able
to tolerate more than one failure; these remain
failure tolerant until no redundant component is
available to protect against further failures."
Failover"The automatic subst i tut ion of a
functionally equivalent system component for a
failed one. The term failover is most often
applied to intelligent controllers connected to
the same storage devices and host computers. If
one of the controllers fails, failover occurs, and
the survivor takes over its I/O load."
Failure tolerance"The ability of a system to continue to
perform its function (possibly at a reduced
performance level) when one or more of its
components has failed. Failure tolerance in disk
subsystems is often achieved by including
redundant instances of components whose failure
would make the system inoperable, coupled
with facilities that allow the redundant
components to assume the function of failed
ones."
FanoutCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for device fanout.
Fast SCSICONTEXT 【SCSI
"A form of SCSI that provides 10
megatransfers per second. Wide fast SCSI has a
16-bit data path, and transfers 20 MBytes per
80
度进行数据传输。窄带快速 SCSI 能够以每
秒 10M 字节的速度进行数据传输。另请参
考: wide SCSI, Ultra SCSI, Ultra2 SCSI, Ultra3
SCSI。”
Fast mirror resynchronization(快
速镜像再同步)
语境【备份】
分离镜像与作为分离镜像源的存储设备
之间在同步时需要一定的时间,这里指的就
是减少这段时间的技术。快速镜像再同步技
术需要从分离开始之后的关于原始数据集合
的变化表,这是因为数据大部分都没有改
变。当分离的镜像再次加入到原始卷集中去
的时候,只有当变化表中列出的数据项才会
被拷贝(从原始位置到分离的镜像),而不是
拷贝整个设备的内容。
Fault tolerance(容错)
容错(failure tolerance)的同义词。
FBA语境【存储设备】
固定块结构(Fixed Block Architecture)
的缩写。
FC-PH语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 的物理标准,包括 FC-0、
FC-1以及 FC-2。
FC-0语境【Fibre Channel】
包含接口的物理特性和数据传输介质的
特性的Fibre Channel协议层次。FC-PH中给
出了 FC-0的具体规定。
FC-1语境【Fibre Channel】
包含 8B/10B 编码和传输协议的 Fibre
second. Narrow fast SCSI transfers 10 MBytes
per second. cf. wide SCSI, Ultra SCSI, Ultra2
SCSI, Ultra3 SCSI."
Fast mirror resynchronizationCONTEXT 【Backup】
"A technique for reducing the time required
to synchronize a split mirror with the set of
storage devices from which it was split. Fast
mirror resynchronization requires that a list of
changes to the original set of data since moment
of splitting be kept. When the split mirror is
rejoined to the original set of volumes, only the
data items identified in the list are copied from
the original to the split mirror rather than the
entire contents of the devices."
Fault toleranceSynonym for failure tolerance.
FBACONTEXT 【Storage Device
Acronym for Fixed Block Architecture.
FC-PHCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The Fibre Channel physical standard,
consisting of FC-0, FC-1, and FC-2."
FC-0CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The Fibre Channel protocol level that
encompasses the physical characteristics of the
interface and data transmission media. Specified
in FC-PH.
FC-1CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The Fibre Channel protocol level that
81
Channel协议层次。FC-PH中给出了FC-1的
具体规定。
FC-2语境【Fibre Channel】
包含信令协议规则以及将数据组织成帧
(f r a m e)、序列(s e q u e n c e)以及交换
(exchange)的方法的 Fibre Channel 协议层
次。FC-PH中给出了 FC-2 的具体规定。
FC-3语境【Fibre Channel】
包含了FC-2 层与 FC-4层之间的公共服
务的Fibre Channel协议层次。在大多数的实
现中,FC-3 并没有提供任何服务。
FC-4语境【Fibre Channel】
包含诸如 IP 或者 SCSI 等的高层协议
(upper layer protocols,ULP)到低层协议
(FC-0 层到 FC-3 层的协议)的映射关系的
Fibre Channel协议层次。例如 SCSI 操作的
映射关系是一种 FC-4 ULP,其定义了主机
与存储之间的控制接口。
FC-AE语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel Avionics Environment 的
缩写。
FC-AL语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 仲裁环(Fibre Channel
Arbitrated Loop)的缩写。
FC-AV语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel Audio Video 的缩写。
encompasses 8B/10B encoding , and
transmission protocol. Specified in FC-PH."
FC-2CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The Fibre Channel protocol level that
encompasses signaling protocol rules and the
organization of data into frames, sequences, and
exchanges. Specified in FC-PH."
FC-3CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The Fibre Channel protocol level that
encompasses common services between FC-2
and FC-4. FC-3 contains no services in most
implementations.
FC-4CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The Fibre Channel protocol level that
encompasses the mapping of upper layer
protocols (ULP) such as IP and SCSI to lower
protocol layers (FC-0 through FC-3). For
example, the mapping of SCSI commands is an
FC-4 ULP that defines the control interface
between computers and storage."
FC-AECONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Avionics
Environment.
FC-ALCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Arbitrated
Loop.
FC-AVCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Audio Video.
82
FC-GS2语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 通用服务(Fibre Channel
Generic Services)的缩写。
FC-SB/FC-SB2语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel Single Byte(命令集)的
缩写。
FC-SW/FC-SW2语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel Switched(fabric 交换式
互联)的缩写。
FC-VI语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 虚拟接口(Fibre Channel
Virtual Interface)的缩写。
FCA语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 协会(Fibre Channel
Association)的缩写。
FCP语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 协议(Fibre Channel
Protocol)的缩写。
FCSI语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel Systems Initiative的缩写。
FDDI语境【网络】
光纤分布式数据接口(Fiber Distributed
Data Interface)的缩写。
FC-GS2CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Generic
Services.
FC-SB/FC-SB2CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Single Byte
(command set).
FC-SW/FC-SW2CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Switched
(fabric interconnect).
FC-VICONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Virtual
Interface.
FCACONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Association.
FCPCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Protocol.
FCSICONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Systems
Initiative.
FDDICONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Fiber Distributed Data
Interface.
83
FIM语境【数据恢复】
冷映像方法(frozen image method)的
缩写。
FDDI adapter(FDDI 适配器)
语境【网络】
" 将智能设备连接到 FDDI 网络上的适
配器类型。FDDI 适配器主要有两种类型:
FDDI-fiber适配器,将智能设备连接到光纤
FDDI 网络上;FDDI-TP适配器,将智能设
备连接到铜双绞线FDDI 网络上。虽然网卡
通常指的就是NIC,而不是一种适配器,但
是FDDI 适配器却是最常使用的术语,而不
是FDDI NIC。另请参考: adapter, NIC。"
Federal Information ProcessingStandard(联邦信息处理标准)
语境【安全】
由 NIST 制定的标准和指导方针,这些
标准和指导方针是为美国范围内的联邦计算
机系统的规格以及获取而制定的。
F e d e r a t e d M a n a g e m e n tArchitecture Specification(联合管理
结构规范)
语境【管理】【网络】
S U N 微系统计算机系统公司(S u n
Microsystems Computer Corporation)制定的
一种规范,该规范为异构存储资源和存储网
络的管理定义了一个Java API函数集合。该
规范是 Jiro 的核心技术。
Fiber Distributed Data Interface(光纤分布式数据接口)
语境【网络】
为令牌环城域网(Metropolitan Area
Networks,MAN)网络制定的一种ANSI标
准,该标准的制定是基于使用光缆介质来以
FIMCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for frozen image method.
FDDI adapterCONTEXT 【Network】
"An adapter that connects an intelligent
device to an FDDI network. Both FDDI-fiber
adapters that connect to optical fiber FDDI
networks, and FDDI-TP adapters that connect
to twisted copper pair FDDI networks exist.
Although network interface cards are usually
referred to as NICs rather than as adapters, the
term FDDI adapter is more common than FDDI
NIC. cf. adapter, NIC"
Federal Information ProcessingStandard
CONTEXT 【Security】
Standards (and guidelines) produced by
NIST for government-wide use in the
specification and procurement of Federal
computer systems.
F e d e r a t e d M a n a g e m e n tArchitecture Specification
CONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
A specification from Sun Microsystems
Computer Corporation that defines a set of Java
APIs for heterogeneous storage resource and
storage network management. This specification
is a central technology of Jiro.
Fiber Distributed Data InterfaceCONTEXT 【Network】
"An ANSI standard for a token ring
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs), based on
the use of optical fiber cable to transmit data at
a rate of 100 Mbits/second. Both optical fiber
84
100Mb每秒的速度进行数据传输。不过目前
不论是光缆还是铜双绞线,都有相应的
FDDI物理标准。FDDI是和Fibre Channel完
全不同的一套标准。这两种标准是不能够直
接相互操作的。
Fibre语境【Fibre Channel】
FC-PH 中规定的所有传输介质的通称。
X3T11标准化委员会对Fibre Channel技
术的拼写方法。
Fibre Channel语境【Fibre Channel】
能够在两个端口之间以每秒 100MByte
的速度传输数据的串行 I/O总线的一系列标
准,也包括那些能够以更高速度进行数据传
输的预期标准。Fibre Channel 支持点到点、
仲裁环路以及交换网络几种网络拓扑结构。
Fibre Channel 是通过行业合作的方式制定
的,这一点与SCSI不同,SCSI最先由一个
厂商提议并实现,而后再提交到标准委员
会,最后得到广泛的认可。
Fibre Channel Association(FibreChannel 协会)
语境【Fibre Channel】
为在市场上推广Fibre Channel技术而于
1993年组建的前贸易协会。缩写为FCA。主
要有欧洲 FCA和日本 FCA 两个组织。1999
年,FCA 与 FCLC合并,组成了 FCIA。
F i b r e C h a n n e l A v i o n i c sEnvironment
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个技术委员会和行业组织,其目的是
为avionic、defense以及其他移动应用提供统
and twisted copper pair variations of the FDDI
physical standard exist. FDDI is a completely
separate set of standards from Fibre Channel.
The two are not directly interoperable."
FibreCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A general term used to cover al l
transmission media specified in FC-PH
The X3T11 standardization committee's
preferred spelling of the name of Fibre Channel
technology.
Fibre ChannelCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A set of standards for a serial I/O bus
capable of transferring data between two ports
at up to 100 MBytes/second, with standards
proposals to go to higher speeds. Fibre Channel
supports point to point, arbitrated loop, and
switched topologies. Fibre Channel was
completely developed through industry
cooperation, unlike SCSI, which was developed
by a vendor and submitted for standardization
after the fact."
Fibre Channel AssociationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A former trade association incorporated
1993 to promote Fibre Channel technology in
the market. Abbreviated FCA. Separate FCA
Europe and FCA Japan organizations also exist.
In 1999, FCA merged with FCLC to form the
FCIA."
F i b r e C h a n n e l A v i o n i c sEnvironment
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A technical committee and industry group
whose goal is to standardize Fibre Channel for
85
一的 Fibre Channel标准。
Fibre Channel Audio Video语境【Fibre Channel】
尚未定义。
Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop(Fibre Channel 仲裁环)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种Fibre Channel网络形式,这种网络
能够将最多126个网络节点连接成一个环形
拓扑结构,每个节点的L_Port发送器都与其
逻辑右手边节点的L_Port接收器连接。连接
在Fibre Channel仲裁环上的节点都在通过仲
裁竞争Fibre Channel 环以进行数据传输,因
为任何时刻在Fibre Channel环上都只能进行
一个传输过程。仲裁环协议与Fibre Channel
交换网络协议和点到点网络协议都不同。仲
裁环可以是专用的(不与任何 fabric连接),
也可以是公用的(通过 FL-Port 端口连接到
一个 fabric上)。
Fibre Channel Community/FibreChannel Loop Community(FibreChannel联盟 / Fibre Channel 环路联
盟)
为存储应用推广Fibre Channel仲裁环技
术而于 1995 年组建的前贸易联盟。缩写为
FCLC。1997 年,由于该组织的目标和重心
的转移,更名为Fibre Channel联盟。1999年,
该联盟与 FCA 合并,组成了 FCIA。
Fibre Channel Generic Services(Fibre Channel 通用服务)
语境【Fibre Channel】
规定了几种Fibre Channel服务(例如名
字服务器、管理服务器、时间服务器等)的
一种 ANSI标准。缩写为 FC-GS-2。
avionics , defense , and o ther mobi le
applications."
Fibre Channel Audio VideoCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
defnition coming soon
Fibre Channel Arbitrated LoopCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A form of Fibre Channel network in which
up to 126 nodes are connected in a loop topology,
with each node's L_Port transmitter connecting
to the L_Port receiver of the node to its logical
right. Nodes connected to a Fibre Channel
Arbitrated Loop arbitrate for the single
transmission that can occur on the loop at any
instant using a Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop
protocol that is different from Fibre Channel
switched and point to point protocols. An
arbitrated loop may be private (no fabric
connection) or public (attached to a fabric by an
FL_Port)."
Fibre Channel Community/FibreChannel Loop Community /FibreChannel 环路联盟)
"A former trade association incorporated
1995 to promote Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop
technology for storage applications. Abbreviated
FCLC. Name changed to Fibre Channel
Community in 1997 to reflect changing goals
and interests of the organization. In 1999, FCLC
merged with FCA to form the FCIA."
Fibre Channel Generic ServicesCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An ANSI standard that specifies several
Fibre Channel services such as the Name Server,
Management Server, Time Server and others.
Abbreviated FC-GS-2."
86
F i b r e C h a n n e l I n d u s t r yAssociation(Fibre Channel 行业协
会)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1999 年,由 Fibre Channel联盟与 Fibre
Channel 协会两个组织合并而成的行业协会
组织。
Fibre Channel Name(FibreChannel 名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在Fibre Channel环境中出现的名字标识
符(Name_Identifier),该标识符是惟一的。
Fibre Channel名字基本上没有使用过;因为
大多数的在Fibre Channel名字标识符都是使
用World Wide Name,该名字标识符在异构
网络中也是惟一的。
Fibre Channel Protocol(FibreChannel 协议)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在 Fibre Channel 网络中使用的串行
SCSI命令协议。缩写为FCP。FCP的标准化
工作由 X3T10委员会负责。
Fibre Channel Service Protocol(Fibre Channel 服务协议)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种FC-4协议,该协议定义了与网络拓
扑结构或 fabric类型无关的所有的服务。
Fibre Channel Single Byte(command set)(Fibre Channel单字
节命令集)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 网络上的 ESCON 行业标
准命令协议。缩写为FC-SB。该协议的第二
版是 FC-SB2。
F i b r e C h a n n e l I n d u s t r yAssociation
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The industry association resulting from the
1999 merger of the Fibre Channel Association
and the Fibre Channel Community.
Fibre Channel NameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Name_Identifier that is unique in the
context of Fibre Channel. Essentially unused;
most Fibre Channel name identifiers are World
Wide Names tha t a re un ique across
heterogeneous networks.
Fibre Channel ProtocolCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The serial SCSI command protocol used
on Fibre Channel networks. Abbreviated FCP.
FCP standardization is the responsibility of the
X3T10 committee.
Fibre Channel Service ProtocolCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A FC-4 protocol that defines all services
independently of topology or fabric type.
Fibre Channel Single Byte(command set)
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The industry standard command protocol
for ESCON over Fibre Channel. Abbreviated
FC-SB. A second version is known as FC-SB2.
87
Fibre Channel Switched (fabricinterconnect)(Fibre Channel 交换网
络,fabric互联网络)
语境【Fibre Channel】
"一种主流的 Fibre Channel网络标准形
式,在这种Fibre Channel网络中,节点连接
到由一个或多个交换机构成的 fabric 结构
上。缩写为FC-SW。每个FC-SW 网络节点
的N_Port端口都与某个交换机上的F_Port端
口连接。连接到FC-SW网络上的任意两个节
点对都能够进行并发通信。另请参考: fabric,
Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop。"
Fibre Channel Systems Initiative语境【Fibre Channel】
由 Hewlett-Packard、IBM 以及SUN 三
个组织共同发起的一个行业协会,该协会的
目标是创建Fibre Channel,并推动其在计算
机系统应用中的使用。缩写为FCSI。FCSI协
会于 1993 年成立,1995年解散。
Fibre Channel Virtual Interface(Fibre Channel 虚拟接口)
语境【Fibre Channel】
基于 Intel公司1.0版本的虚拟接口结构
(V1.0 Virtual Interface (VI) Architecture)而
提出的一种应用级分布式进程通信的推荐标
准。虚拟接口标准缩写为VIA。Fibre Channel
虚拟接口缩写为 FC-VI。
Fibre Connect(Fibre连接)
语境【Fibre Channel】
IBM 公司的一种在 Fibre Channel 实现
ESCON的技术。缩写为 FICON。后来Fibre
连接被标准化为Fibre Channel单字节命令集
(Fibre Channel Single Byte Command Set)。
FICON语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre 连接(Fibre Connect)的缩写。
Fibre Channel Switched (fabricinterconnect)
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The standard governing the form of Fibre
Channel network in which nodes are connected
to a fabric topology implemented by one or
more switches. Abbreviated FC-SW. Each FC-
SW node's N_Port connects to an F_Port on a
switch. Pairs of nodes connected to a FC-SW
network can communicate concurrently. cf.
fabric, Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop"
Fibre Channel Systems InitiativeCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An industry association sponsored by
Hewlett-Packard, IBM and SUN with the goals
of creating Fibre Channel profiles and promoting
use of Fibre Channel for computer systems
applications. Abbreviated FCSI. FCSI was
formed in 1993, and dissolved in 1995."
Fibre Channel Virtual InterfaceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A proposed standard for application-level
distributed interprocess communication based
on Intel Corporation's V1.0 Virtual Interface
(VI) Architecture; formerly known as VIA.
Abbreviated FC-VI.
Fibre ConnectCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
IBM Corporation’s implementation of
ESCON over Fibre Channel. Abbreviated
FICON. Later standardized as Fibre Channel
Single Byte Command Set.
FICONCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Connect.
88
Field replaceable unit(现场可替
换单元)
能够在现场替换的系统单元或者组件。
即在不将系统返回到厂家或者维修站的情况
下进行组件的替换。可替换部件既可以由用
户自行替换,也可以要求由专门的服务人员
来进行替换。另请参考: customer replaceable
unit
File(文件)
语境【文件系统】
一种抽象数据对象,该数据对象由以下
三部分组成:(a)存储在磁盘或者磁带上的有
序数据字节序列;(b)能够惟一标识该数据
对象的符号名称(文件名);(c)一系列属性
集合,包括所有者、访问权限(允许文件系
统或者备份管理器来管理该数据对象)等。
与存储介质的固定编址空间不同的是,文件
可以被创建或者删除,并且在大多数的文件
系统中,文件的大小在其生命周期内可以增
加或者减小。
File server(文件服务器)
语境【文件系统】
一台特殊功能的计算机,其主要目的是
向客户机提供文件服务。文件服务器可以是
一台能够运行其他应用的通用计算机,也可
以是一台专门提供文件服务的专用计算机。
另请参考: filer。
File system(文件系统)
语境【文件系统】
一种软件组件,能够通过对一个或者多
个物理或虚拟磁盘上的地址空间的结构化,
从而使得应用程序能够更方便地处理大小可
变的抽象命名的数据对象(文件)。文件系统
经常作为操作系统组件提供给用户,但是也
能够作为独立的软件组件来实现和销售。
Field replaceable unit"A unit, or component of a system that is
designed to be replaced “in the field;” i.e.,
without returning the system to a factory or
repair depot. Field replaceable units may either
be customer-replaceable, or their replacement
may require trained service personnel. cf.
customer replaceable unit"
FileCONTEXT 【File System
"An abstract data object made up of (a.) an
ordered sequence of data bytes stored on a disk
or tape, (b.) a symbolic name by which the
object can be uniquely identified, and (c.) a set
of properties, such as ownership and access
permissions that allow the object to be managed
by a file system or backup manager. Unlike the
permanent address spaces of storage media,
files may be created and deleted, and in most file
systems, may expand or contract in size during
their lifetimes."
File serverCONTEXT 【File System
A computer whose primary purpose is to
serve files to clients. A file server may be a
general purpose computer that is capable of
hosting additional applications or a special
purpose computer capable only of serving files.
cf. filer
File systemCONTEXT 【File System
"A software component that imposes
structure on the address space of one or more
physical or virtual disks so that applications
may deal more conveniently with abstract named
data objects of variable size (files). File systems
are often supplied as operating system
components, but are implemented and marketed
89
File system virtualization(文件系
统虚拟化)
将多个文件系统聚集成一个大型虚拟文
件系统的处理方法和过程。用户不必关心底
层物理分区的情况就可通过虚拟文件系统访
问数据对象。也指在一个或多个现有文件系
统之上提供附加的新功能或者不同功能(例
如一种不同的文件访问协议)。
File virtualization(文件虚拟化)
语境【文件系统】
1.使用虚拟化技术将多个底层文件或者
目录对象以一个合成文件的形式提供给用户
的处理方法和过程。
2. 使用虚拟化以在存储系统上提供类似
HSM 的特性。
3.当存储系统中的文件数据和元数据进
行单独管理,使用虚拟化技术以统一的文件
接口。另请参考: block virtualization。
Filer语境【文件系统】
“一种智能网络节点,其硬件和软件都
是为向客户机提供文件服务而设计的。Filer
的程序是由其生产厂商预先设计好以提供特
定的文件服务,一般来说,用户不能对Filer
进行设计(编程)。另请参考: appliance, file
server。”
Firmware(固件)
一种用以引导和操作智能设备的底层软
件。它一般驻留在设备的只读存储器(read-
only memory,ROM)中。
Fill byte/fill word(填充字节 /填充
字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
as independent software comonents."
File system virtualization"The act of aggregating multiple file
systems into one large virtual file system. Users
access data objects through the virtual file system;
they are unaware of the underlying partitioning.
The act of providing additional new or different
functionality, e.g., a different file access protocol,
on top of one or more existing file systems. "
File virtualizationCONTEXT 【File System
1.The use of virtualization to present several
underlying file or directory objects as one single
composite file.
2.The use of virtualization to provide HSM
like properties in a storage system.
3. The use of virtualization to present an
integrated file interface when file data and
metadata are managed separately in the storage
system. cf. block virtualization
FilerCONTEXT 【File System
"An intelligent network node whose
hardware and software are designed to provide
file services to client computers. Filers are pre-
programmed by their vendors to provide file
serv ices , and are not normal ly user
programmable. cf. appliance, file server"
FirmwareLow-level software for booting and
operating an intelligent device. Firmware
generally resides in read-only memory (ROM)
on the device
Fill byte / fill wordCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A transmission word that is an idle or an
90
或者是 idle(空闲)或者是 ARBx 原语
信号的传输字。填充字在数据帧、原语信号
和原语序列的间隙传输,其目的是保持fibre
channel网络处于工作状态。
Flash memory尚未定义。
FIPS语境【安全】
联邦信息处理标准(Federal Information
Processing Standard)的缩写。
Fixed block architecture(固定块
结构)
一种磁盘模型,在该磁盘模型中,存储
空间被组织成由众多固定大小的磁盘块组成
的密集线性地址空间。缩写为FBA。固定块
结构是SCSI所使用的磁盘模型。另请参考:
count-key-data。
Fixed ContentCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
语境【I n f o r m a t i o n L i f e c y c l e
Management】
未改变的内容。
FL_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
"Fibre Channel fabric switch 上的”Fabric
Loop”端口。用于光纤通道仲裁环路操作,
每个FL_Port功过光纤通道仲裁环路连接到
一个或多个 NL_Port 端口。NL_Port 成为公
共 NL_Port 设备到Fibre Channel fabric 的一
个共享入口点。FL_Port 是在基于不同环路
的终端端口之间以虚拟点到点方式连接的中
间端口,例如 ,在一个终端节点的NL_Port是
通过一个单光纤通道 fabric switch 去连接一
个 switch 上的 FL_Port 和与基于终端节点
N_Port switch 上的F_Port.另请参考: E_Port,
ARBx primitive signal. Fill words are transmitted
between frames, primitive signals, and primitive
sequences to keep a fibre channel network
active."
Flash memorydefinition coming soon
FIPSCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Federal Information
Processing Standard
Fixed block architecture"A model of disks in which storage space is
organized as linear, dense address spaces of
blocks of a fixed size. Abbreviated FBA. Fixed
block architecture is the disk model on which
SCSI is predicated. cf. count-key-data."
Fixed ContentCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
Content that does not change.
FL_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A port that is part of a Fibre Channel
fabric. An FL_Port on a Fibre Channel fabric
connects to an arbitrated loop. Nodes on the
loop use NL_Ports to connect to the loop.
NL_Ports give nodes on a loop access to nodes
on the fabric to which the loop’s FL_Port is
attached. cf. E_Port, F_Port, G_Port, L_Port,
N_Port, NL_Port"
91
F_Port, G_Port, L_Port, N_Port, NL_Port。"
FLOGI语境【Fibre Channel】
fabric 登录(fabric login)的缩写。
Force break mirror语境【存储系统】
在 resilvering过程完成之前从镜像中移
除一个镜像组件,将会引发数据降级。发生
中断操作亦然,强制中断镜像组件后,它将
变成系统中一个独立的卷,但是,它无法被
访问应该被适当地删除。
Formatting(格式化)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
通过向磁盘写入一些必需信息从而启用
该磁盘的准备过程。磁盘控制器通过对磁盘
上的每个块写入块头和块尾信息的方式来格
式化磁盘。但是,对于卷管理器以及文件系
统等主机软件组件来说,格式化磁盘的过程
是通过写入卷或者文件系统要实现数据存储
和管理所需的初始结构信息实现的。
Frame(帧)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel网络上数据传输的基本单
元,由多个有序排列的字组成。每个 Fibre
Channel帧都由以下几个部分组成:40 位长
的帧开始字(Start of Frame Word,SoF)、8
个字(或者320位)长的帧头、0到524个字
(或者0到2192个10位编码字节)长的数据、
一个字或者40位长的CRC校验码以及40位
长的帧尾。另请参考: data frame。
FLOGICONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for fabric login.
Force break mirrorCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Remove a mirror component from the
mirror before the resilvering process completes,
causing the condition of its data to be Degraded.
Just as occurs with the break operation, the
mirror component for which you implement a
force break becomes a standalone volume in the
system; however, it will not be accessible and
should probably be deleted."
FormattingCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
The preparation of a disk for use by writing
required information on the media. Disk
controllers format disks by writing block header
and trailer information for every block on the
disk. Host software components such as volume
managers and file systems format disks by
writing the initial structural information required
for the volume or file system to be populated
with data and managed.
FrameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An ordered vector of words that is the basic
unit of data transmission in a Fibre Channel
network. A Fibre Channel frame consists of a
Start of Frame Word (SoF) (40 bits); a Frame
Header (8 Words or 320 bits); data (0 to 524
Words or 0 to 2192 ten bit encoded bytes; a CRC
(One Word or 40 bits); and an End of Frame
(EoF) (40 bits). cf. data frame
92
Frame content(帧内容)
语境【Fibre Channel】
帧中,出现在帧开始标记以及帧尾标记
之间的信息(不包括帧开始和帧尾标记)。
FRU现场可替换部件(Field Replaceable
Unit)的缩写。
FSP语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 服务协议(Fibre Channel
Service Protocol)的缩写。
FMR语境【数据恢复】
快速镜像再同步( f a s t m i r r o r
resynchronization)的缩写。
Full backup(完全备份)
语境【数据恢复】
" 将所有指定的数据对象都进行备份
(不论数据对象自上次备份之后是否修改过)
的备份过程。完全备份是进行增量备份的基
础。另请参考: cumulative incremental backup,
differential incremental backup 。"
Full duplex(全双工)
同一传输链路上能够同时进行数据传输
和接收的性质。
Full volume transfer rate(满卷传
输速率)
为响应某个请求大量数据(例如多个柱
面的数据)的 I/O请求,单个磁盘的平均数
据传输速率。满卷传输速率隐藏了在大量数
据传输过程中可能发生的所有延迟(例如由
于扇区间存在的间隔、磁轨之间的切换所带
来的时间开销,还有在相邻柱面上查找的时
Frame contentCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The information contained in a frame
between its Start-of-Frame and End-of-Frame
delimiters, excluding the delimiters."
FRUAcronym for field Field Replaceable Unit.
FSPCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Fibre Channel Service
Protocol.
FMRCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for fast mirror resynchronization..
Full backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"A backup in which all of a defined set of
data objects are copied, regardless of whether
they have been modified since the last backup.
A full backup is the basis from which incremental
backups are taken. cf. cumulative incremental
backup, differential incremental backup "
Full duplexConcurrent transmission and reception of
data on a single link.
Full volume transfer rate"The average rate at which a single disk
transfers a large amount of data (e.g., more than
one cylinder) in response to one I/O request. The
full-volume data transfer rate accounts for any
delays (e.g., due to inter-sector gaps, inter-track
switching time and seeks between adjacent
cylinders) that may occur during the course of a
93
间)。满卷传输速率可能会由于数据上执行
的操作不同(读或写)而不同。因此,根据
读写操作的不同,将满卷传输速率改称为满
卷读速率(full-volume read rate)以及满卷
写速率(full-volume write rate)是更合适的
做法。满卷传输速率也称为满负荷数据传输
速率(spiral data transfer rate)。
Frozen image(冷映像)
语境【数据恢复】
时间点拷贝(point in time copy)的同
义词。
Frozen image method(冷映像方
法)
语境【数据恢复】
生成数据集合的冷映像的技术。缩写为
FIM。分离镜像和写时拷贝快照技术是两种
生成冷映像的最常用技术。
GG_Port语境【光纤通道】
一个“通用”光纤端口,它既可以当
E_Port 端口使用,也可以当 F_Port 端口使
用。这个通用端口的运行模式是在交换机端
口初始化时决定的。当与一个N_Port端口连
接,这个通用端口就是 F_Port 端口,当与
E_Port端口连接,这个通用端口就是E_Port
端口。
GBE语境【网络】
吉比特以太网(Gigabit Ethernet)的缩
写。
Gb/Gbit/gigabit“1. 1,000,000,000 (10^9)比特的简写
形式。在存储网络行业协会的出版物中一般
使用 G b i t 表示 1 0 ^ 9 比特,而不表示
1,073,741,824 (2^30) 比特”
large data transfer. Full volume transfer rate
may differ depending on whether data is being
read or written. If this is true, it is appropriate to
speak of full-volume read rate or full-volume
write rate. Also known as spiral data transfer
rate."
Frozen imageCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Synonym for point in time copy.
Frozen image methodCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A method by which a frozen image of a set
of data can be generated. Abbreviated FIM.
Split mirrors and copy-on-write snapshots are
the two common methods of generating frozen
images.
G_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A “Generic” Fabric Port can operate as
either an E_Port or an F_Port. A G_Port can
determine the operating mode at switch port
initialization, F_Port when an N_Port attachment
is determined, E_Port when an E_Port
attachment is determined."
GBECONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Gigabit Ethernet.
Gb/Gbit/gigabit"1.Shorthand for 1,000,000,000 (10^9) bits.
Storage Networking Industry Association
publications typically use the term Gbit to refer
to 10^9 bits, rather than 1,073,741,824 (2^30)
94
“2. 在光纤通道传输中,Gbit 表示每秒
1,062,500,000比特的传输率。”
GB/GByte“gigabyte 的同义词,1,000,000,000
(10^9)字节的简写形式。存储网络行业协会
使用GByte来表示10的9次幂个字节,并且
在 I/O相关应用中其具有相同的意义,但是
有时在描述计算机系统随机访问存储器的时
候会使用 1,073,741,824(2^30)的约定。”
GBIC语境【光纤通道】
吉比特接口转换器(gigabit interface
converter)的缩写。
Geometry关于磁盘上的块布局的数学描述。磁盘
的 geometry 一般至少应该包括:磁轨的数
量、磁道的数量、每条磁道上磁块的数量、
每个柱面上数据磁道的数量以及为补偿介质
失效而预留的空闲块的数量和布局。
GID“类标识”的通用缩写词。(G r o u p
Identifier)
Gigabaud link module(吉波特链
接模块)
语境【光纤通道】
一种收发器,这种收发器能够在主机总
线适配器(以及其他类似 Fibre Channel 设
备)上的电信号与适于传输的电信号或者光
信号之间进行信号转换。缩写为GLM。吉波
特链接模块使得设计者只设计一种类型的设
备,但是却能够适应铜缆或者光缆传输应
bits."
"2.For Fibre Channel, 1,062,500,000 bits
per second "
GB/GByte"Synonym for gigabyte. Shorthand for
1,000,000,000 (10^9) bytes. The Storage
Networking Industry Association uses GByte to
refer to 10^9 bytes, as is common in I/O-related
applications rather than the 1,073,741,824 (2^30)
convention sometimes used in describing
computer system random access memory."
GBICCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for gigabit interface converter
Geometry"The mathematical description of the layout
of blocks on a disk. The primary aspects of a
disk’s geometry are the number of recording
bands and the number of tracks and blocks per
track in each, the number of data tracks per
cylinder, and the number and layout of spare
blocks reserved to compensate for media
defects."
GID"Common abbreviation for ""group
identifier"" (Group IDentifier)"
Gigabaud link moduleCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A transceiver that converts between
electrical signals used by host bus adapters (and
similar Fibre Channel devices) and either
electrical or optical signals suitable for
transmission. Abbreviated GLM. Gigabaud link
modules allow designers to design one type of
device and adapt it for either copper or optical
95
用。吉波特链接模块的使用量要比吉比特接
口转换器的使用量少的多,这是因为吉波特
链接模块不能进行热插拔。另请参考:
gigabit interface converter
GigabitGbit 的同义词。
Gigabit Ethernet(吉比特以太网)
语境【网络】
一类以太网标准,在此标准中,数据能
够以每秒 1G 比特的速度进行传输。吉比特
以太网能够使用自适应光纤物理层信道
(8b/10b编码)以 1250兆波特的速度传输数
据。缩写为GBE。GBE标准由 IEEE 802.3z
制定。
Gigabit interface converter(吉比
特接口转换器)
语境【光纤通道】
一种收发器,这种收发器能够在主机总
线适配器(以及其他类似的光纤通道和以太
网设备)使用的电信号与适于传输的电信号
或者光信号之间进行信号转换。缩写为
GBIC。吉比特接口转换器使得设计者只设
计一种类型的设备,但是却能够适应铜缆或
者光缆传输应用。与吉波特链接模块
(gigabaud link modules,GLM)不同的是,
GBIC能够进行热插拔,因此,GBIC逐渐代
替了GLM。另请参考: gigabaud link module。
GigabyteGByte 的同义词。
Gigabyte System Network(吉字
节系统网络)
1.HIPPI-6400标准(每秒 800M 字节的
链接)的通用名字。
2. 实现HIPPI-6400 标准的设备网络。
applications. Gigabaud link modules are used
less often than gigabit interface converters
because they cannot be hot swapped. cf. gigabit
interface converter
GigabitSynonym for Gbit.
Gigabit EthernetCONTEXT 【Network】
A group of Ethernet standards in which
data is transmitted at 1Gbit per second. Gigabit
Ethernet carries data at 1250 Megabaud using
an adaptation of the Fibre Channel Physical
Layer (8b/10b encoding); Abbreviated GBE.
GBE standards are handled by IEEE 802.3z.
Gigabit interface converterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A transceiver that converts between
electrical signals used by host bus adapters (and
similar Fibre Channel and Ethernet devices) and
either electrical or optical signals suitable for
transmission. Abbreviated GBIC. Gigabit
interface converters allow designers to design
one type of device and adapt it for either copper
or optical applications. Unlike gigabaud link
modules (GLMs), GBICs can be hot swapped,
and are therefore gradually supplanting the
former type of transceiver. cf. gigabaud link
module"
GigabyteSynonym for GByte.
Gigabyte System Network1.A common name for the HIPPI-6400
standard for 800 MByte per second links.
2.A network of devices that implement the
HIPPI-6400 standard.
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GL_Port语境【光纤通道】
“一种“通用回路”光纤端口,可以用于
E_Port, F_Port or FL_Port 等端口。一个
GL_Port 端口的运行模式可以在交换机端口
初始化时得以确定。当与NL_Port端口连接
时此端口为FL_Port端口,当与N_Port端口
连接时此端口为F_Port端口,当与E_Port端
口连接时此端口为 E_Port端口。”
GLM语境【光纤通道】
吉波特链接模块(gigabaud link module)
的缩写。
Graphical user interface(图形用
户界面)
一种面向智能设备的用户界面形式,这
种用户界面以图形显示和高度结构化的面向
窗体的输入为特征。相对于字符界面来说,
其具有直观的易于使用的特点。
Group identifer(组标识)
一个计算机用户标识的集合,用以方便
进行资源访问权的分配或者操作优先权的指
定。
Groupid“group identifier”的简写。
GSN吉字节系统网络(Gigabyte System
Network)的缩写。
GUI图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface)
的缩写。
相通信。硬分区是由 fabric交换机强制
形成的:fabric 交换机禁止不属于同一个分
区的成员分区之间进行通信。周知地址默认
包含在每个分区中。
GL_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A “Generic Loop” Fabric Port can
operate as an E_Port, F_Port or FL_Port. A
GL_Port can determine operating mode at switch
port initialization, FL_Port when an NL_Port
attachment is determined, F_Port when an
N_Port attachment is determined, E_Port when
an E_Port attachment is determined."
GLMCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for gigabaud link module.
Graphical user interface"A form of user interface to intelligent
devices characterized by pictorial displays and
highly structured, forms oriented input. Valued
for perceived ease of use compared with character
cell interface."
Group identifierA collection of computer user identifiers
used as a convenience in assigning resource
access rights or operational privileges.
Groupid"Shorthand for ""group identifier"""
GSNAcronym for Gigabyte System Network.
GUIAcronym for Graphical User Interface.
97
HHacker(黑客)
语境【安全】
一类非法用户,其企图获得或者成功获
得了信息系统的访问权。
Halt(停止)
以有序的方式停止一个计算机系统的所
有活动。
Hard link(硬链接)
语境【文件系统】
一个文件的另一个不同名字的路径。硬
链接是对同一个文件的多个独立的引用,一
个文件只有在其所有的硬链接被删除以后才
可被删除。
Hard zone(硬分区)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种分区类型,由多个成员分区组成,
并且这些成员分区之间能够通过 fabric互相
通信。硬分区是由fabric交换机强制形成的:
fabric 交换机禁止不属于同一个分区的成员
分区之间进行通信。周知地址隐式包含在每
个分区中。
Hashed Message AuthenticationCode(hash 消息验证码)
语境【安全】
按消息的内容计算出来的值(通常使用
一个加密的哈希算法),这个值可以用来验
证这一消息的内容在传输过程中没有改变。
缩写为 HMAC。
HBA主机总线适配器(Host Bus Adapter)的
缩写。
Hierarchical storage management
HackerCONTEXT 【Security】
An unauthorized user who attempts to gain
and/or succeeds in gaining access to an
information system.
HaltTo stop all activity in a computer system in
an orderly manner.
Hard linkCONTEXT 【File System】
A path that provides a different name for a
file. Hard links are independent references to the
same file; the file content is not deleted until
every hard link to the file is deleted.
Hard zoneCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A zone consisting of zone members which
are permitted to communicate with one another
via the fabric. Hard zones are enforced by fabric
switches, which prohibit communication among
members not in the same zone. well-known
addresses are implicitly included in every zone."
Hashed Message AuthenticationCode
CONTEXT 【Security】
A value calculated over the contents of a
message (usually using a cryptographic hash
algorithm) that can be used to demonstrate that
the contents of the message have not been
changed during transmission. Acronym HMAC.
HBAAcronym for Host Bus Adapter.
Hierarchical storage managementCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
98
Management】
"The automated migration of data objects
among storage devices, usually based on
inactivity. Abbreviated HSM. Hierarchical
storage management is based on the concept of
a cost-performance storage hierarchy. By
accepting lower access performance (higher
access times), one can store objects less
expensively. By automatically moving less
frequently accessed objects to lower levels in
the hierarchy, higher cost storage is freed for
more active objects, and a better overall
cost:performance ratio is achieved."
High availabilityThe ability of a system to perform its
function continuously (without interruption) for
a significantly longer period of time than the
reliabilities of its individual components would
suggest. High availability is most often achieved
through failure tolerance. High availability is
not an easily quantifiable term. Both the bounds
of a system that is called highly available and the
degree to which its availability is extraordinary
must be clearly understood on a case-by-case
basis.
High Performance Paral le lInterface
"An ANSI standard for an 800 Mbit/second
I/O interface primarily used in supercomputer
networks. Abbreviated HIPPI. The subsequent
6400 Mbit per second I/O interface standard,
HIPPI-6400, is more commonly referred to as
the Gigabyte System Network (GSN) standard."
High speed serial direct connectCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A form factor that allows quick connect/
disconnect for Fibre Channel copper interfaces.
(分层存储管理)
语境【信息生命周期管理】
数据对象在存储设备之间自动迁移的过
程,通常是被动进行的。缩写为HSM。分层
存储管理是建立在性价比存储层次的概念之
上的。只要愿意降低访问性能(更长的访问
时间),那么就能够以更低的代价来存储对
象。如果自动地将访问频率低的对象移到存
储层次中的较低层次中,同时将访问频繁的
数据对象移到更高的层次中,就可以达到很
高的全局性价比。
High availability(高可用性)
系统在相当长的一段时间内(此段时间
应该比系统单个组件的可靠性时间要更长),
能够不间断地持续正常运转的能力。最常用
来获得高可用性的途径是容错技术。高可用
性是一个不易度量的术语。其限度(系统能
够被称为是高可用的)和程度(系统的可用
性达到什么程度才称得上是高可用性)都是
随着系统的不同而不同的。
High Performance Paral le lInterface(高性能并行接口)
一种关于超级计算机网络中使用的 I/O
接口规范的ANSI标准,该类型的接口支持
8 0 0 M 比特位每秒的传输速度。缩写为
HIPPI。其后续版本HIPPI-6400 标准支持每
秒6400M比特位的传输速度,也就是常说的
吉字节系统网络标准(Gigabyte System
Network,GSN)。
High speed serial direct connect(高速串行直连)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种支持Fibre Channel铜接口的快速连
99
HIPPIAcronym for High Performance Parallel
Interface.
HMACCONTEXT 【Security】
A c r o n y m f o r H a s h e d M e s s a g e
Authentication Code.
HostA host computer.
Host adapterSynonym for host bus adapter.
Host based array/Host based diskarray
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Synonym for volume. A disk array whose
control software executes in one or more host
computers rather than in a disk controller. The
member disks of a host-based array may be part
of different disk subsystems. cf. controller based
array, volume. "
Host based virtualization"Virtualization implemented in a host
computer rather than in a storage subsystem or
storage appliance. Virtualization can be
implemented either in host computers, in storage
subsystems or storage appliances, or in a specific
virtualization appliances in the storage
interconnect fabric."
Host busSynonym for host I/O bus.
接和断开的波形系数。
HIPPI高性能并行接口(High Performance
Parallel Interface)的缩写。
HMAC语境【安全】
hash 消息验证码(Hashed Message
Authentication Code)的缩写。
Host(主机)
作为主机的计算机。
Host adapter(主机适配器)
主机总线适配器(host bus adapter)的
缩写。
Host based array/Host based diskarray(基于主机的阵列/基于主机的磁
盘阵列)
语境【存储系统】
" 卷(volume)的同义词。是一种其控
制软件在一个或多个主机中运行(而不是运
行在磁盘控制器中)的磁盘阵列。基于主机
的阵列中的成员磁盘可以是不同磁盘子系统
上的物理磁盘。另请参考: controller based
array, volume。"
Host based virtualization(基于主
机的虚拟化)
在主机中实现的(而不是在存储子系统
中或者存储装置中运行)虚拟化。虚拟化既
可以在主机中运行,也可以在存储子系统、
存储装置或者存储互联 fabric中的特定虚拟
化装置中运行。
Host bus(主机总线)
主机 I/O 总线的同义词。
100
Host bus adapter(主机总线适配器)
一种将主机 I/O总线连接到计算机的存
储系统上的I/O适配器。缩写为HBA。在SCSI
语境中,主机总线适配器是使用最多的术
语。在Fibre Channel语境中,适配器和NIC
是使用最多的术语。但是在诸如以太网和令
牌环网络语境中,NIC 经常使用。
Host cacHe(主机缓存)
语境【存储】
“驻留在主机内的一种缓存,其主要目
的是提高磁盘和阵列的 I/O性能。主机缓存
有时可能服务于文件系统或者数据库,在这
种情况下,缓存中存储的数据项目就是文件
或者数据库实体。相应地,主机缓存也可能
服务于设备驱动栈,在这种情况下,缓存中
的数据项目就是磁盘块序列。另请参考:
cache, controller cache, disk cache。”
Host computer(主机)
连接了磁盘、磁盘子系统或者文件服务
器,并能在其上存储数据和 I/O 访问的计算
机系统。在SNIA的出版材料中,大型机、服
务器、工作站以及个人电脑,甚至多处理器
机器和集群计算机系统都被称为主机。
Host environment(主机环境)
存储子系统所属的主机(主机群),包括
其操作系统以及其他必需的软件实例。主机
环境的术语尤其用以强调主机群的情况,或
者用来强调所讨论的操作系统或者其他软件
的重要性。
Host bus adapterAn I/O adapter that connects a host I/O bus
to a computer’s memory system. Abbreviated
HBA. Host bus adapter is the preferred term in
SCSI contexts. Adapter and NIC are the preferred
terms in Fibre Channel contexts. The term NIC
is used in networking contexts such as Ethernet
and token ring.
Host cacHeCONTEXT 【Storage】
"A cache that resides within a host computer
whose primary purpose is to improve disk or
array I/O performance. Host cache may be
associated with a file system or database, in
which case, the data items stored in the cache are
file or database entities. Alternatively, host cache
may be associated with the device driver stack,
in which case the cached data items are sequences
of disk blocks. cf. cache, controller cache, disk
cache"
Host computer"Any computer system to which disks,
disk subsystems, or file servers are attached and
accessible for data storage and I/O. Mainframes,
servers, workstations and personal computers,
as well as multiprocessors and clustered
computer complexes, are all referred to as host
computers in SNIA publications."
Host environment"A storage subsystem’s host computer or
host computers, inclusive of operating system
and other required software instance(s). The
term host environment is used in preference to
host computer to emphasize that multiple host
computers are being discussed, or to emphasize
the importance of the operating system or other
software in the discussion."
101
Host I/O bus(主机 I/O 总线)
语境【存储系统】
“一种用来连接主机的主机总线适配器
和存储子系统或者存储设备的 I/O 总线。另
请参考: device I/O bus, I/O bus, channel。”
Hot backup(热备份)
语境【数据恢复】
“在线备份(online backup)的同义词。
另请参考: cold backup , offline backup。”
Hot disk(热磁盘)
一种磁盘类型,这种磁盘通过将来自于
一个或多个应用程序的对该磁盘的 I/O负载
聚集起来,从而使得处理 I/O请求的能力达
到了饱和状态。
Hot file(热文件)
被频繁访问的文件。热文件一般是导致
出现热磁盘的根本原因,虽然这种情况不常
发生。当然操作环境I/O(例如分页和交换)
也可能导致热磁盘的出现。
Hot spare (disk)(热备用磁盘)
用作热备用组件目的的磁盘。
“Hot s tandby (component ,controller)(热备用组件 / 控制器)”
容错存储子系统中设置的一种冗余组件,
要求总是保持供电状态,并且随时准备代替
原组件执行功能,但是其在相应的原组件正
常运行期间并不同时工作。热备用组件允许
存储子系统在某个组件失效(例如控制器失
效)时能够继续工作,从而提高了系统的可用
性。当使用“热备用”的术语来修饰磁盘的时
候,其所表示的意义非常明确:该磁盘正在运
行,并且已经做好向其中写入数据(例如,作
为重建操作的目标磁盘)的准备。
Host I/O busCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"An I/O bus used to connect a host
computer’s host bus adapter to storage
subsystems or storage devices. cf. device I/O
bus, I/O bus, channel"
Hot backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"Synonym for online backup. cf. cold
backup , offline backup."
Hot diskA disk whose capacity to execute I/O
requests is saturated by the aggregate I/O load
directed to it from one or more applications.
Hot file"A frequently accessed file. Hot files are
generally the root cause of hot disks, although
this is not always the case. A hot disk can also be
caused by operating environment I/O, such as
paging or swapping."
Hot spare (disk)A disk being used as a hot standby
component.
"Hot s tandby (component ,controller) "
"A redundant component in a failure
tolerant storage subsystem that is powered and
ready to operate, but which does not operate as
long as a companion primary component is
functioning. Hot standby components increase
storage subsystem availability by allowing
systems to continue to function when a
component such as a controller fails. When the
term hot standby is used to denote a disk, it
specifically means a disk that is spinning and
102
Hot swap(热交换)
“使用可替换单元(replacement unit,
RU)来替换掉系统中失效的原单元的置换
过程,并且此置换过程能够在不影响系统正
常运转、执行功能的前提下完成。热交换一
般是一个人工操作的物理过程。另请参考:
automatic swap, cold swap, warm swap。”
Hot swap adapter(热交换适配
器)
一种能够采用热交换方式插入智能设备
或从智能设备中拔出的适配器类型。一些被
称作是热交换的适配器可能被应当是温交换
适配器(warm swap adapter)更加合适,这
是因为这些适配器在进行置换的过程中,其
功能需要被打断。
HSM语境【数据备份】
分层存储管理机制(hierarchical storage
management)的缩写。
HSSDC语境【Fibre Channel】
高速串行直连(High Speed Serial Direct
Connect)的缩写。
HTML超文本标记语言(HyperText Markup
Language)的缩写。
HTTP超文本传输协议(HyperText Transfer
Protocol)的缩写。
Hub(集线器)
一种将多点总线上(multi-point bus)或
ready to be written to, for example, as the target
of a rebuilding operation."
Hot swap"The substitution of a replacement unit
(RU) in a system for a defective unit, where the
substitution can be performed while the system
is performing its normal functioning normally.
Hot swaps are physical operations typically
performed by humans — cf. automatic swap,
cold swap, warm swap."
Hot swap adapter"An adapter that can be hot swapped into or
out of an intelligent device. Some adapters that
are called hot swap adapters should more
properly be termed warm swap adapters, because
the function they perform is interrupted while
the substitution occurs."
HSMCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for hierarchical storage
management.
HSSDCCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for High Speed Serial Direct
Connect.
HTMLAcronym for HyperText Markup
Language.
HTTPAcronym for HyperText Transfer Protocol.
Hub"A communications infrastructure device
103
者环路上的节点物理上连接起来的通信基础
设备。一般在以太网和Fibre Channel网络中
使用,以提高物理电缆的易管理性。集线器
在形成一个新的“以集线器为中心(hub and
spoke)”的星形物理结构的同时,还保持了
该集线器所属的网络的逻辑环路结构。与交
换机不同的是,集线器并不聚集网络带宽。
集线器一般支持总线上节点的加入和移除。
Hub port(集线器端口)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel集线器上的端口,其功能
是将在物理环路上传输的数据传送到集线器
上的下一个端口。集线器端口包括修复环路
的端口旁路(port bypass)功能。一些集线
器还具有其他的管理功能,任何 F i b r e
Channel 标准都没有规定或者定义集线器端
口的具体规范。
Hunt group 搜索组
语境【Fibre Channel】
附接到同一个 fabric上单个节点的一系
列相关N_Port端口集合。每个hunt group都
被指定了一个专用别名地址标识符,从而使
得交换机能够将任何包含该地址标识符的帧
路由到组内的任何可用N_Port端口。目前,
FC-PH还没有指定 hunt group 实现的方法。
HyperText Markup Language(超
文本标记语言)
“描述文档在 web浏览器中显示方法的
标志(tag)或者标记(markup)码集合。标
志是包括在字符 ""<"" 与 "">"" 之间的符号,
例如标记码 ""<p>"" 标志着新段落的开始,
与此对应,""</p>"" 标志着当前段落的结
束。”
to which nodes on a multi-point bus or loop are
physically connected. Commonly used in
Ethernet and Fibre Channel networks to improve
the manageability of physical cables. Hubs
maintain the logical loop topology of the network
of which they are a part, while creating a “hub
and spoke” physical star layout. Unlike switches,
hubs do not aggregate bandwidth. Hubs typically
support the addition or removal of nodes from
the bus while it is operati.
Hub portCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】A port on a Fibre Channel hub whose
function is to pass data transmitted on the physical
loop to the next port on the hub. Hub ports
include loop healing port bypass functions. Some
hubs have additional management functionality.
There is no definition of a hub port in any Fibre
Channel standard.
Hunt groupCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A set of associated N_Ports in a single
node attached to the same fabric. A hunt group
is assigned a special alias address identifier that
enables a switch to route any frames containing
the identifier to be routed to any available N_Port
in the group. FC-PH does not presently specify
how a hunt group can be realized.
HyperText Markup Language"The set of tags or “markup”codes that
describe how a document is displayed by a web
browser. Tags are delimited by the characters,
""<"" and "">"". For example, the markup code
""<p>"" indicates that a new paragraph is
beginning, while ""</p>"" indicates that the
current paragraph is ending."
104
HyperText Transfer Protocol(超
文本传输协议)
一种应用级协议,通常运行于TCP/IP协
议层之上,能够支持Internet上的文件交换。
IICMPInternet控制消息协议(Internet Control
Message Protocol)的缩写
IDE集成驱动电路(I n t e g r a t e d D r i v e
Electronics)的缩写。
I-T nexus语境【SCSI】
根据SAM-2,I_T nexus 是指SCSI初
始端口和 SCSI目的端口之间的一种关系。
Idempotency(幂等)
关于数据上操作的一种属性。幂等操作
指的是对于同一数据,不论对其进行任何次
幂操作,总是得到相同的结果的操作。向磁
盘上写一个数据块是一种幂等操作,而向磁
带上写一个数据块就不是幂等操作,这是因
为向同一磁带上写两次数据块将会得到两个
位置相邻的数据块副本。
Identification(识别)语境【安全】
决定实体唯一标志的过程。
Idle/Idle word(空闲 /空闲字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种包含四个传输字符的有序集,该传
输字符的有序集一般在两个数据帧之间传
输,用以表明fibre channel网络的空闲状态。
HyperText Transfer Protocol"An application level protocol, usually run
over TCP/IP, that enables the exchange of files
via the World Wide Web."
ICMPAcronym for Internet Control Message
Protocol.
IDEAcronym for Integrated Drive Electronics.
I-T nexusCONTEXT 【SCSI】
"According to SAM-2, the I_T nexus is a
relationship between a SCSI Initiator Port and a
SCSI Target Port."
Idempotency"A property of operations on data. An
idempotent operation is one that has the same
result no matter how many times it is performed
on the same data. Writing a block of data to a
disk is an idempotent operation, whereas writing
a block of data to a tape is not, because writing
a block of data twice to the same tape results in
two adjacent copies of the block."
IdentificationCONTEXT 【Security】
Process of determining the unique identity
of an entity.
Idle / Idle wordCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An ordered set of four transmission
characters normally transmitted between frames
to indicate that a fibre channel network is idle.
105
IDS语境【安全】
入侵检测系统(Intrusion Detection
Systems)的缩写。
IETF语境【网络】【标准】
I n t e r n e t 工程任务组(I n t e r n e t
Engineering Task Force)组织的缩写。
iFCP语境【存储】
iFCP是一种网关到网关协议。它提供基
于TCP/ IP网络之上的光纤通道组织服务。
Ignored (field)(忽略字段)
语境【Fibre Channel】
接收端不对其进行解释的字段。
IKE语境【网络】【安全】
I n t e r n e t 密钥交换(I n t e r n e t K e y
Exchange)的缩写。
ILM信息生命周期管理(I n f o r m a t i o n
Lifecycle management)的缩写
IMA语境【iSCSI】
iSCSI 管理 API(Acronym for iSCSI
Management API)的缩写。
Implicit addressing(隐式寻址)
语境【存储设备】
一种通常用在磁带上的编址方式,在磁
带中,数据地址是由访问请求的形式所推断
出的。磁带请求并不显式给出块号,而是通
过指定当前磁带位置的前一个或者下一个块
的方法来代替,设备固件能够推断出所需块
IDSCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for intrusion detection system.
IETFCONTEXT 【Network】 【Standards
Acronym for Internet Engineering Task
Force.
iFCPCONTEXT 【Storage】
"iFCP is a gateway-to-gateway protocol,
which provides fibre channel fabric services to
fibre channel devices over a TCP/IP network."
Ignored (field)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A field that is not interpreted by its receiver.
IKECONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
Acronym for Internet Key Exchange
ILMAcronym for Information Lifecycle
Management.
IMACONTEXT【iSCSI】
Acronym for iSCSI Management API.
Implicit addressingCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"A form of addressing usually used with
tapes in which the data’s address is inferred
from the form of the the access request. Tape
requests do not include an explicit block number,
but instead specify the next or previous block
106
号。另请参考: explicit addressing。
IMR语境【备份】
增量镜像再同步(incremental mirror
resynchronization)的缩写。
In-band (transmission)(带内传
输)
语境【Fibre Channel】
主数据协议以外协议的传输,和主数据
协议位于同样的传输介质之上。管理协议是
一种带内传输的例子。
In-band virtualization(带内虚拟
化)
数据通路上的虚拟化功能或服务。在实
现了带内虚拟化功能的系统中,同一个功能
部件既要用于读写数据,又要用于虚拟化服
务(例如地址映射)。另请参考: out-of-band
virtualization。
Incremental backup(增量备份)
语境【备份】
"累积增量备份和差分增量备份的合称。
增量备份只复制自上次备份后修改过的数据
对象。另请参考: cumulative incremental
backup, differential incremental backup , full
backup。"
I n c r e m e n t a l m i r r o rresynchronizat ion/ incrementa lresynchronization(增量镜像再同步 /增量再同步)
语境【备份】
分离镜像与作为分离镜像源的存储设备
之间在同步时需要一定的时间,这里指的就
是减少这段时间的技术。增量镜像再同步技
from the current tape position, from which the
block number must be inferred by device
firmware. cf. explicit addressing"
IMRCONTEXT 【Backup】
Acronym for incrementa l mirror
resynchronization.
In-band (transmission)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Transmission of a protocol other than the
primary data protocol over the same medium as
the primary data protocol. Management protocols
are a common example of in-band transmission.
In-band virtualization"Virtualization functions or services that
are in the data path. In a system that implements
in-band virtualization, virtualization services
such as address mapping are performed by the
same functional components used to read or
write data. cf. out-of-band virtualization"
Incremental backupCONTEXT 【Backup】
"A collective term for cumulative
incremental backups and differential incremental
backups. Any backup in which only data objects
modified since the time of some previous backup
are copied. cf. cumulative incremental backup,
differential incremental backup , full backup"
I n c r e m e n t a l m i r r o rresynchronizat ion/ incrementa lresynchronization
CONTEXT 【Backup】
"A technique for reducing the time required
to synchronize a split mirror with the set of
storage devices from which it was split.
Incremental mirror resynchronization requires
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术需要从分离开始之后的关于数据的变化列
表。当分离镜像重新加入到其原始卷集中的
时候,只有上述列表中出现的数据项才会被
从原始位置备份到分离镜像中,而不是设备
的所有内容。
Independent access array(独立
访问阵列)
一种磁盘阵列类型,在该磁盘阵列中,
其数据映射支持不同的成员磁盘能够并发地
执行多个应用 I/O请求。另请参考: parallel
access array。
Infinite buffer(无限缓冲区)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在 FC-2 层,用此术语表明序列接收端
(Sequence Recipient)的缓冲区数量是无限
的。这就要求每个上层映射协议都必须根据
的最大传输单元(maximum transfer unit)的
大小来选择合适的序列缓冲区大小,以避免
缓冲区溢出情况的发生。
Information(信息)
语境【信息生命周期管理】
信息是在诸如应用或者进程的语境中被
解释的数据。
Information category(信息类别)
语境【Fibre Channel】
位于帧头的一个字段,该字段指明了该
帧的有效负载所属的类别,例如 Solicited
Data、Unsolicited Data、Solicited Control 和
Unsolicited Control。
Information model (信息模型)
一个独立于信息库的、关于实体以及实
体与实体之间的关系以及交互的定义。例
如,CIM模型就是一个信息模型的例子。信
that a list of changes to the original set of data
since moment of splitting be kept. When the
split mirror is rejoined to its original set of
volumes, only the data items identified in the list
are copied from the original to the split mirror
(rather than the entire contents of the devices)."
Independent access arrayA disk array whose data mapping is such
that different member disks can execute multiple
application I/O requests concurrently.cf. parallel
access array
Infinite bufferCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A term indicating that at the FC-2 level,
the amount of buffering available at the Sequence
Recipient is assumed to be unlimited. Buffer
overrun must be prevented by each ULP by
choosing an appropriate amount of buffering
per sequence based on its maximum transfer
unit size."
InformationCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
Information is data that is interpreted within
a context such as an application or a process.
Information categoryCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A frame header field indicating the
category to which the frame payload belongs
(e.g., Solicited Data, Unsolicited Data, Solicited
Control and Unsolicited Control)."
Information model"A repository-independent definition of
entities (i.e., objects) and the relationships and
interactions between these entities. For example,
108
息模型与数据模型的不同在于:数据模型是
信息库相关的。
Information lifecycle management(信息生命周期管理)
在信息从创建到清除的时间内,被用来
协调信息的商业价值和最合适最有效益的基
础建设的关系的政策,进程,实践,服务和
工具。通过管理政策和与应用,海量数据和
数据相关的服务水平,信息被用来和商业需
求相协调。简称 ILM
Information management(信息
管理)
监督的条律和函数以及信息资源的控制
Information management services(信息管理服务)
语境【信息生命周期管理】
与管理信息相关的进程,它随着与商业
过程相关的不同生命周期状态的变化而发
展。在政策决定中这些服务开拓关于数据内
容和数据关系的信息。包括诸如记录管理和
内容管理应用的例子。
Informationsystem(信息系统)
语境【安全】
包括信息的收集、处理、存储、传输、显
示、分发和配置等方面的整个基础设施、组
织、人员和组件。
Informationtechnology(信息技
术)
关于信息创建、访问、使用、存储、传
the CIM schemas are an example of an
information model. An information model differs
from a data model which is a repository-specific."
Information lifecycle management"The policies, processes, practices, services
and tools used to align the business value of
information with the most appropriate and cost-
effective infrastructure from the time information
is created through its final disposition.
Information is al igned with business
requirements through management policies and
service levels associated with applications,
metadata and data. Acronym ILM."
Information managementThe discipline and function of oversight
and control of information resources.
Information management servicesCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"The processes associated with managing
information as it progresses through various
lifecycle states associated with a Business
Process. These services exploit information
about data content and relationships in making
decis ions , Examples include records
management and content management
applications."
InformationsystemCONTEXT 【Security】
"The entire infrastructure, organization,
personnel and components for the collection,
processing, storage, transmission, display,
dissemination and disposition of information."
Informationtechnology"All aspects of information creation, access,
use, storage, transport and management. The
109
输和管理的所有技术。信息技术的术语包括
了计算机和存储系统、网络以及企业范围内
的用户和软件的所有方面。缩写为 IT。
Informationunit(信息单元)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个由 FC-4 层指定的、需要作为单个
FC-2层传输序列进行传输的相关数据集合。
Infrastructure-based virtualization(基于架构的虚拟化)
在存储 fabric中、为特殊目的设计的独
立设备中或者网络设备中实现的虚拟化。例
如,独立设备或者在当前设备上添加或附加
功能(如将多个独立文件系统装置或者块存
储子系统聚集成一个虚拟服务、或者提供透
明块或文件系统镜像,再或者提供新的服务
或者管理服务)都是这种虚拟化的例子。
Inherent cost(固有成本)
按照系统所包含组件的数量和类型而得
出的成本。固有成本的概念为基于各种技术
的磁盘子系统提供了一个比较标准,就是根
据磁盘、端口、模块、风扇、电源以及机柜
等的数量所代表的成本进行比较。由于软件
是可以重用的,所以软件费用一般不考虑在
固有成本之内。
Initial relative offset(初始相对位
移)
语境【Fibre Channel】
数据帧传输序列中,第一帧数据所传输
的块或者子块的相对位移。初始相对位移由
上层协议指定,并且不一定为 0。
term informatoin technology addresses all
aspects of computer and storage systems,
networks, users and software in an enterprise.
Abbreviated IT."
InformationunitCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An related collection of data specified by
FC-4 to be transferred as a single FC-2 sequence.
Infrastructure-based virtualization"Virtualization implemented in the storage
fabric, in separate devices designed for the
purpose, or in network devices. Examples are
separate devices or additional functions in
existing devices that aggregate multiple
individual file system appliances or block storage
subsystems into one such virtual service,
functions providing transparent block or file
system mirroring functions, or functions that
provide new security or management services."
Inherent cost"The cost of a system expressed in terms of
the number and type of components it contains.
The concept of inherent cost allows technology-
based comparisons of disk subsystem
alternatives by expressing cost in terms of
number of disks, ports, modules, fans, power
supplies, cabinets , etc . Because i t is
inexpensively reproducible, software is generally
assumed to have negligible inherent cost."
Initial relative offsetCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The relative offset of the block or sub-
block transmitted by the first frame in a sequence.
The initial relative offset is specified by an
upper layer protocol and need not be zero.
110
Initialization(初始化)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1.设备、系统或者软件以及网络模块的
启动和初始化配置的过程。对于FC-1层,初
始化过程指从系统加电直到该层的发送器和
接收器都开始正常工作。
Initiator(启动方 /发起者)
"能够在一个I/O总线或者网络上发起I/
O操作的系统组件。I/O适配器、网卡以及智
能控制器设备I/O总线控制ASIC逻辑都是典
型的启动方。另请参考: LUN, originator,
target, target ID。"
Initiator Session Identifier(启动
方 / 发起者段标志符)
语境【iSCSI】
一个发起方指派给它的段的终点的唯一
标志符。当它被绑定在 iSCSI发起方名称上
的时候,它为它的 SCSI 发起方端口提供了
一个世界上唯一的名字。
Inode语境【文件系统】
UNIX 或者类 UNIX 文件系统中的一种
永久数据结构,其描述了一些或所有分配给
文件的磁盘块的位置信息。
Instantiation(实例化)
抽象的类或者面向对象的一个实例创建
的过程。
Integrated Drive Electronics(电
子集成驱动器)
一种广泛用于把硬盘,光驱和磁带驱动
器连接到 PC 的硬件接口,同时它也用于其
它系统。IDE 接口已经被官方承认为ATA规
范。缩写为 IDE。
InitializationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"1.The startup and initial configuration of
a device, system, piece of software or network"
"2.For FC-1, the period beginning with
power on and continuing until the transmitter
and receiver at that level become operational."
Initiator"The system component that originates an
I/O command over an I/O bus or network. I/O
adapters, network interface cards, and intelligent
controller device I/O bus control ASICs are
typical initiators. cf. LUN, originator, target,
target ID"
Initiator Session IdentifierCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
"The unique identifier that an initiator
assigns to its end point of the session. When
combined the iSCSI Initiator Name, it provides
a worldwide unique name for its SCSI Initiator
Port."
InodeCONTEXT 【File System
A persistent data structure in a UNIX or
UNIX-like file system that describes the location
of some or all of the disk blocks allocated to the
file.
InstantiationThe creation of an instance of a class or
object oriented abstraction.
Integrated Drive Electronics"A type hardware interface widely used to
connect hard disks, CD-ROMs and tape drives
to a PC, but also used in other systems. The IDE
interface is officially known as the ATA
specification. Acronym IDE."
111
Intelligent controller(智能控制器)
语境【存储系统】
一种存储控制器,其上具有一个编程了
的、能够自治地处理大量 I/O请求的处理器
或者序列发生器。
Intelligent device(智能设备)
一种计算机、存储控制器、存储设备或
者装置。
Intelligent Peripheral Interface(智能外围接口)
语境【网络】
一种高性能的标准I/O互联。缩写为IPI。
Intercabinet(机柜间连接)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种支持机柜间的最长直到 3 0 米的
Fibre Channel铜缆连接规范,一般机柜内安
装有带 Fibre Channel端口的设备。
Interconnect(互联)
一种能够将系统单元连接到一起,从而
使得这些系统单元之间能够互相通信的物理
设施。I/O总线和网络都是互联设施。
Interface connector(接口连接器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种连接介质和Fibre Channel发送器或
接收器的光或电连接器。接口连接器由插座
和插头组成。
Intermix(合用)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种Fibre Channel服务类别,这种类型
的服务提供了全带宽的专门Class 1连接,同
时也支持无连接的 Class 2和 Class 3 通信在
Intelligent controllerCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A storage controller that includes a
processor or sequencer programmed to enable it
to handle a substantial portion of I/O request
processing autonomously.
Intelligent device"A computer, storage controller, storage
device, or appliance."
Intelligent Peripheral InterfaceCONTEXT 【Network】
A high-performance standards-based I/O
interconnect. Abbreviated IPI.
IntercabinetCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A specification for Fibre Channel copper
cabling that allows up to 30m distance between
two enclosures that contain devices with Fibre
Channel ports.
Interconnect"A physical facility by which system
elements are connected together and through
which they can communicate with each other. I/
O buses, and networks are both interconnects."
Interface connectorCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An optical or electrical connector which
connects the media to the Fibre Channel
transmitter or receiver. An interface connector
consists of both a receptacle and a plug.
IntermixCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A Fibre Channel class of service that
provides a full bandwidth dedicated Class 1
connection, but allows connectionless Class 2
112
带宽未占用的时间内共享链路。
International Organization forStandardization(国际标准化组织)
语境【标准】
至少来自于145个国家的国家标准体的
世界联盟,它的名称的缩写形式为 ISO。这
是一个非政府组织,它的工作产生了以国际
标准和其它种类的 ISO 文件发表的国际协
议。
Internet Control Message Protocol(Internet控制消息协议)
语境【网络】
与IP和TCP协议关系非常密切的一种控
制协议,用来传输各种控制信息和错误指示。
Internet Engineering Task Force(Internet工程任务组)
语境【网络】【安全】【标准】
一个开放的大型国际组织,由网络设计
师、操作员、厂商以及研究人员组成,该组
织的工作重心是Internet的发展和稳定运行,
同时负责 R F C 文献的制定。该组织负责
Internet标准(包括SNMP、TCP/IP以及QoS
策略)的制定工作。缩写为 IETF。IETF 的
官方网站是 www.ietf.org。
Internet Key Exchange(Internet密钥交换)
语境【网络】【安全】
一种用以获得认证密钥的协议。由
Internet工程任务组负责制定,RFC 2409 号
文档给出了其具体规范。
Internet Protocol(Internet协议)
语境【网络】
“一种能够提供异构物理网络上的无连
and Class 3 traffic to share the link during
intervals when bandwidth is unused."
International Organization forStandardization
CONTEXT 【Standards】
Worldwide federation of national standards
bodies from more than 145 countries; short form
of name is ISO. A non-governmental
organization whose work results in international
agreements that are published as International
Standards and other types of ISO documents.
Internet Control Message ProtocolCONTEXT 【Network】
"A control protocol strongly related to IP
and TCP, and used to convey a variety of control
and error indications."
Internet Engineering Task ForceCONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
【Standards
"A large open international community of
network designers, operators, vendors, and
researchers concnerned with evolution and
smooth operation of the Internet, and responsbile
for producing RFCs. The standards body
responsible for Internet standards, including
SNMP, TCP/IP and policy for QoS. Abbreviated
IETF. The IETF has a web site at www.ietf.org."
Internet Key ExchangeCONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
A protocol used to obtain authenticated
keying material. Standardized by the Internet
Engineering Task Force and described in RFC
2409.
Internet ProtocolCONTEXT 【Network】
"A protocol that provides connectionless
113
接的尽力发送的数据报传输协议。缩写为
IP。另请参考: TCP, UDP。”
Internet Small Computer SystemsInterface(互联网小型计算机系统接
口)
语境【存储】
一种能够使SCSI协议在基于TCP的 IP
网络上传输的传输协议。它是互联网工程工
作小组(IETF)标准化的,并在 RFC 3720
里进行描述的。缩写为 iSCSI。
Internet Storage Name Service(互联网存储名称服务)
语境【iSCSI】
这是一种在一个 IP 网络中智能搜索存
储设备的协议和机制。简称 iSNS。
Interrupt(中断)
能够导致计算机停止正在执行的指令流
并切换到另一个指令流执行的硬件或者软件
信号。软件中断是由应用或者其他程序触发
的。而硬件中断是由外部事件引起的,中断
发生之后,由中断处理程序来处理发生的事
件。定时、I/O 总线或网络上传输任务的完
成或者接收、应用程序执行无效指令的企图
或者访问了无权访问的数据,以及计算机硬
件本身的故障都是引起硬件中断发生的常见
原因。
Interrupt switch(中断开关)
一种人工操作的开关,这种类型的开关
用在用以生成中断的智能设备上。通常用作
调试的目的。
Intracabinet(机柜内连接)
语境【Fibre Channel】
best effort delivery of datagrams across
heterogeneous physical networks. Abbreviated
IP. cf. TCP, UDP"
Internet Small Computer SystemsInterface
CONTEXT 【Storage】
A transport protocol that provides for the
SCSI protocol to be carried over a TCP based IP
network. Standardized by the Internet
Engineering Task Force and described in RFC
3720. Acronym iSCSI.
Internet Storage Name ServiceCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
A protocol and mechanism for intelligent
discovery of storage devices in an IP network.
Acronym iSNS.
Interrupt"A hardware or software signal that causes
a computer to stop executing its instruction
stream and switch to another stream. Software
interrupts are triggered by application or other
programs. Hardware interrupts are caused by
external events, to notify software so it can deal
with the events. The ticking of a clock, completion
or reception of a transmission on an I/O bus or
network, application attempts to execute invalid
instructions or reference data for which they do
not have access rights, and failure of some aspect
of the computer hardware itself are all common
causes of hardware interrupts."
Interrupt switchA human-activated switch present on some
intelligent devices that is used to generate
interrupts. Usually used for debugging purposes.
IntracabinetCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
114
一种Fibre Channel规范,此规范能够支
持在装有多个Fibre Channel端口设备的机构
内最长直到 13米的铜缆连接。
Intrusion(侵入)
语境【安全】
一个蓄意的或偶然的事件集,这些事件
可能引起对一个信息技术(IT)系统的未经
授权访问,破坏,和 /或操作。
Intrusion detection(侵入探测)
语境【安全】
确认一次侵入已经被尝试过了,正在发
生,或已经发生的过程。
Intrusion detection system(侵入
探测系统)
语境【安全】
一个用于在 IT 系统中确认侵入并对其
作出反应的技术系统。简称为 IDS。
I/O输入 / 输出(input/output)的缩写。计
算机系统主存和外围设备(或接口,例如存
储设备、显示设备、打印设备或者连接其他
计算机系统的网络)之间的数据移动过程。I/
O是一个合称,表示将数据读入计算机系统
主存的操作,和将数据从计算机系统主存写
到其他位置的操作。
I/O adapter(I/O 适配器)
1. 能够在智能设备的存储器总线和 I/O
总线(或者网络)之间实现定时信号和协议
的转换工作的适配器类型(不同总线上的数
据的定时和传输协议各有自己的定义和要
求)。在存储子系统中,I/O适配器常与嵌入
A Fibre Channel specification for copper
cabling that allows up to 13m total cable length
within a single enclosure that may contain
multiple devices.
IvntrusionCONTEXT 【Security】
"A deliberate or accidental set of events
that potentially causes unauthorized access to,
activity against, and/or activity in, an information
technology(IT) system."
Intrusion detectionCONTEXT 【Security】
"The process of identifying that an intrusion
has been attempted, is occurring, or has
occurred."
Intrusion detection systemCONTEXT 【Security】
A technical system that is used to identify
and respond to intrusions in IT systems. Acronym
IDS.
I/O"Acronym for input/output. The process of
moving data between a computer system’s
main memory and an external device or interface
such as a storage device, display, printer, or
network connected to other computer systems.
I/O is a collective term for reading, or moving
data into a computer system’s memory, and
writing, or moving data from a computer system’
s memory to another location."
I/O adapter"1. An adapter that converts between the
timing and protocol requirements of an intelligent
device's memory bus and those of an I/O bus or
network. In the context of storage subsystems, I/
O adapters are contrasted with embedded storage
115
式存储控制器相对,后者不仅能够适应总线
之间的连接,而且也能够完成诸如设备扇
出、数据缓存以及 RAID 的转换操作。
2. I/O 适配器也是主机总线适配器的同
义词。
I/O bus(I/O总线)
“任何用来在 I/O 子系统的组件之间传
输数据以及控制信息的通路。I/O总线由接
线(电缆或者电路板)、连接器以及所有相关
电信号驱动器、接收器、转换器和其他所需
的电子组件组成。I/O 总线一般都为数据传
输做了优化,同时其支持的结构与网络相比
往往受到更多的限制。在本书中,连接主机
的主机总线适配器和智能存储控制器或设备
的 I/O 总线被称为主机 I/O 总线(host I/O
bus)。连接存储控制器或者主机 I/O 总线适
配器和设备的 I/O 总线被称为设备 I/O 总线
(device I/O bus)。另请参考: channel, device
channel, device I/O bus, host I/O bus, network。”
I/O bottleneck(I/O 瓶颈)
在 I/O通路上有各种资源(例如设备驱
动、主机总线适配器、I/O总线、智能控制
器以及磁盘),任何资源的性能限制了存储
子系统的整体性能就是 I/O瓶颈。
I/O driver(I/O 驱动)
一种计算机软件组件(通常是操作系统
的组成部分),其功能是控制连接到主机上
的外设控制器或适配器的运行。I/O 驱动将
主机总线适配器作为代理,来管理 I/O设备
与应用之间的通信和数据传输。有时候,驱
动也会参与数据传输过程,虽然磁盘和磁带
驱动很少参与,这是因为大多数的主机总线
适配器和控制器都有专门的硬件来执行数据
传输。
controllers, which not only adapt between buses,
but also perform transformations such as device
fan-out, data caching, and RAID. "
2. Synonym for host bus adapter.
I/O bus"Any path used to transfer data and control
information between components of an I/O
subsystem. An I/O bus consists of wiring (either
cable or backplane), connectors, and all
associated electrical drivers, receivers,
transducers, and other required electronic
components. I/O buses are typically optimized
for the transfer of data, and tend to support more
restricted configurations than networks. In this
book, an I/O bus that connects a host computer’
s host bus adapter to intelligent storage controllers
or devices is called a host I/O bus. An I/O bus
that connects storage controllers or host I/O bus
adapters to devices is called a device I/O bus. cf.
channel, device channel, device I/O bus, host I/
O bus, network"
I/O bottleneck"Any resource in the I/O path (e.g., device
driver, host bus adapter, I/O bus, intelligent
controller, or disk) whose performance limits
the performance of a storage subsystem as a
whole."
I/O driver"A host computer software component
(usually part of an operating system) whose
function is to control the operation of peripheral
controllers or adapters attached to the host
computer. I/O drivers manage communication
and data transfer between applications and I/O
devices, using host bus adapters as agents. In
some cases, drivers participate in data transfer,
although this is rare with disk and tape drivers,
116
I/O intensity(高强度 I/O)
应用的一种特征。高强度 I/O型应用是
指该应用的性能对于为其提供 I/O 服务的 I/
O子系统的性能具有很强的依赖性。高强度
I/O 应用可以是大数据量传输应用,也可以
是 I/O请求频繁应用。
I/O load(I/O 负载)
对I/O子系统发出的I/O请求序列。组成
I/O负载的 I/O请求既包括用户 I/O请求,也
包括主机系统开销 I/O(例如交换、分页以
及文件系统的活动)。
I/O load balancing(I/O负载平衡)
负载平衡(load balancing)的同义词。
I/O operation(I/O操作)
被执行的,发往、来自某计算机系统或
在其内部的,读、写或者控制操作。例如,控
制软件为满足应用程序对虚拟磁盘的 I/O请
求而发出的 I/O 操作请求。另请参考: I/O
request。
I/O request(I/O 请求)
由应用程序发出的读、写一定数量数据
的请求。在物理磁盘与虚拟磁盘中,I/O 请
求将导致位于连续磁盘块地址和连续存储器
位置之间的大量数据块的传输过程。另请参
考: I/O operation。
I/O subsystem(I/O 子系统)
语境【存储系统】
一系列设备以及软件的合称,这些设备
和软件协同工作以提供数据传输服务。存储
since most host bus adapters and controllers
contain specialized hardware to perform data
transfers."
I/O intensityA characterization of applications. An I/O-
intensive application is one whose performance
depends strongly on the performance of the I/O
subsystem that provides its I/O services. I/O
intensive applications may be data transfer
intensive or I/O request intensive.
I/O load"A sequence of I/O requests made to an I/
O subsystem. The requests that comprise an I/O
load include both user I/O and host overhead I/
O, such as swapping, paging, and file system
activity."
I/O load balancingSynonym for load balancing.
I/O operation"A read, write, or control function
performed to, from or within a computer system.
For example I/O operations are requested by
control software in order to satisfy application I/
O requests made to virtual disks. cf. I/O request"
I/O request"A request by an application to read or
write a specified amount of data. In the context
of real and virtual disks, I/O requests specify the
transfer of a number of blocks of data between
consecutive disk block addresses and contiguous
memory locations. cf. I/O operation"
I/O subsystemCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A collective term for the set of devices and
software components that operate together to
117
子系统就是一种 I/O子系统。
IP语境【网络】
Internet协议(Internet Protocol)的缩写。
IP SAN(基于IP的存储区域网络)
语境【iSCSI】
使用iSCSI协议的基于TCP/IP的块级存
储区域网络。
IP Security(IP安全)
语境【网络】【安全】
一整套用以为基于 IP 的通信提供通信
安全性的加密算法、协议和实施步骤。由
Internet工程任务组负责制定的标准。
IP Storage(IP存储)
语境【iSCSI】
TCP/IP网络上的存储网络。这包括了使
用iSCSI,iFCP和FCIP协议的块级存储区域
网络(SAN)解决方案和使用如CIFS和NFS
协议的文件级网络附加存储(NAS)解决方
案。
IPI智能外设接口(Intelligent Peripheral
Interface)的缩写。
IPsec语境【网络】【安全】
IP 安全(IP Security)的缩写。
iSCSI语境【存储】
互联网小型计算机系统接口的缩写。
provide data transfer services. A storage
subsystem is one type of I/O subsystem.
IPCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Internet Protocol.
IP SANCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Block-level Storage Area Network over
TCP/IP using the iSCSI protocol.
IP SecurityCONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
"A suite of cryptographic algorithms,
protocols and procedures used to provide
communicat ion securi ty for IP-based
communications. Standardized by the Internet
Engineering Task Force."
IP StorageCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
"Storage Networking over TCP/IP
networks. This includes block-level SAN
solutions using iSCSI, iFCP and FCIP protocol
as well as file-level NAS solutions using
protocols such as CIFS and NFS."
IPIAcronym for Intelligent Peripheral
Interface.
IPsecCONTEXT 【Network】【Security】
Acronym for IP Security
iSCSICONTEXT 【Storage】
Acronym for Internet Small Computer
Systems Interface.
118
iSCSI Device (iSCSI 设备)语境 【iSCSI】
一种支持ISCSI传输子系统服务的SCSI
设备。SAM-2定义ISCSI 传输子系统服务
是指一种可以传输SCSI命令和回复的机制。
iSCSI Initiator Name (iSCSI 客户
端名字)语境【iSCSI】
为ISCSI客户端设备指定的全球唯一的
名字
iSCSI Initiator Node (iSCSI 客户
端结点)语境【iSCSI】
ISCSI 客户端设备的另一种叫法,它既
可以指设备也可以指设备端口,具体指代什
么要根据上下文的语境决定。
iSCSI Initiator Port (iSCSI 客户端
端口)语境 【iSCSI】
使用ISCSI协议的SCSI客户端设备端口
名字
iSCSI Layer (iSCSI 层)语境【iSCSI】
ISCSI层在一条或者多条TCP连接上建
立 /接受或者转发 ISCSI数据单元,并通过
这种方式建立 ISCSI 会话
iSCSI Management API (iSCSI 控制函数接口)
语境【iSCSI】
缩写 IMA,一组使用C语言编写的API
提供对ISCSI总线控制器和网卡的访问设置
功能,
iSCSI Name (iSCSI 设备名)语境 【iSCSI】
iSCSI DeviceCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
A SCSI Device using an iSCSI service
delivery subsystem. Service Delivery Subsystem
is defined by SAM-2 as a transport mechanism
for SCSI commands and responses.
iSCSI Initiator NameCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Specifies the worldwide unique name of
the initiator.
iSCSI Initiator NodeCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Another name for the iSCSI initiator. An
iSCSI Node within the iSCSI Client Network
Entity.
iSCSI Initiator PortCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Another name for a SCSI Initiator Port
used for iSCSI.
iSCSI LayerCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
The layer that builds/receives iSCSI PDUs
and relays/receives them to/from one or more
TCP connections that form an iSCSI session.
iSCSI Management APICONTEXT 【iSCSI】
"A specification for a C language based
API for managing iSCSI capable HBAs and
NICs, along with the device drivers that control
them. Abbreviated IMA."
iSCSI NameCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
119
iSCSI 客户端或者服务器端的名字
iSCSI Network Entity(iSCSI 网络
实体)语境 【iSCSI】
代表一个可以从 IP 网络访问到的设备
或者网关。一个 iSCSI 网络实体有一个或者
多个 iSCSI网络端口
iSCSI Network Portal(iSCSI 网络
端口)语境【iSCSI】
iSCSI 网络实体的一个组成部分,本身
拥有IP地址,iSCSI设备通过它与其它iSCSI
结点进行连接。客户端的端口可以用IP地址
来标识,服务器端的端口可以使用IP地址和
监听的 TCP端口来标识
iSCSI Node (iSCSI 结点)语境 【iSCSI】
代表一个单独的 iSCSI客户端或者服务
器端
iSCSI Portal Group语境【iSCSI】
从属于一个 iSCSI结点的一组 iSCSI 网
络端口。当一个会话需要多条连接时,每个
连接必须使用属于同一个 iSCSI端口组的端
口号
iSCSI portal group tag(iSCSI端口组标记)
语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
iSCSI 入口组标记用于 iSCSI 节点内识
别一个 iSCSI端口组,组内所有端口具有相
同的 iSCSI入口组标记。
The name of an iSCSI initiator or iSCSI
target.
iSCSI Network Entity
iSCSI Network Entity(iSCSI 网络
实体 )CONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Represents a device or gateway that is
accessible from the IP network. An iSCSI
Network Entity has one or more iSCSI Network
Portals.
iSCSI Network PortalCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
A component of an iSCSI Network Entity
that has a TCP/IP address and can be used by a
node within that entity for connections to another
iSCSI node. An Initiator iSCSI Network Portal
is identified by its IP address. A target iSCSI
Network Portal is identified by its IP address
and listening TCP port.
iSCSI NodeCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
The iSCSI Node represents a single iSCSI
initiator or iSCSI target.
iSCSI Portal GroupCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
"A set of iSCSI Network Portals within an
iSCSI Node. When a session has multiple
connections, all connections in a session must
use the portals in a single iSCSI Portal Group."
iSCSI portal group tagCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Identifies an iSCSI Portal Group within
an iSCSI Node. All portals in the group have the
same iSCSI Portal Group Tag.
120
iSCSI SAN(iSCSI存储区域网络)
语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
在TCP/IP上使用iSCSI协议的块级存储
区域网络。
iSCSI session(iSCSI会话)
语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
发起者和目标之间的一种高层次关系,
等价于 I_T nexus,一个会话能包含多个连
接。
iSCSI session identifier(iSCSI会话标志符)
语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
iSCSI 会话标志符唯一地定义了 iSCSI
发起者和目标之间一个会话的标志符。
iSCSI target name(iSCSI目标名
字)
语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
iSCSI 目标名字是为 iSCSI 目标指定的
全世界唯一的名字。
iSCSI target node(iSCSI目标节
点)
语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
iSCSI目标的另一种说,是iSCSI服务器
网络实体中的一个 iSCSI节点。
iSCSI target port(iSCSi 目标端口)语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
SCSI目标端口中用于iSCSI的端口的另
一种说法。
ISID语境【互联网小型计算机系统接口】
发起者会话标志符(Initiator Session
Identifier)的缩写。
iSCSI SANCONTEXT【iSCSI】
Block-level Storage Area Networks over
TCP/IP using the iSCSI protocol.
iSCSI sessionCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
" The top level relationship between a
specific initiator and target,equivalent to the I_T
nexus. A session can contain one or more
connections."
iSCSI session identifierCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Uniquely identifies a session between an
iSCSI initiator and target.
iSCSI target nameCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Specifies the worldwide unique name of
the iSCSI target.
iSCSI target nodeCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Another name of the iSCSI target. An
iSCSI Node within the iSCSI Server Network
Entity.
iSCSI target portCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Another name for a SCSI Target Port used
for iSCSI.
ISIDCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Acronym for Initiator Session Identifier.
121
iSNS互联网存储名称服务(Internet Storage
Name Service)的缩写。
iSNS discover domain(iSNS发现
域 )语境【互联网存储名称服务】
iSNS 发现域把存储节点进行分组以便
于对这些节点的发现和登陆进行控制。
ISO语境【标准】
国际标准化组织(I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Standards Organization)的缩写。
IT信息技术(Information Technology)的
缩写。
IT security(信息安全)语境【安全】
由ISO/IEC 1335信息技术定义的信息安
全管理指导方针。信息安全包括所有与定
义、实现和维护相关的方面,维护要保证完
整性、可用性、不可否认性、可说明性、真
实性和信息资源的可靠性。
JJava一种面向对象的计算机编程语言,Java
与C++类似,但是比C++更简单。Java由SUN
微系统计算机公司设计并开发。
JBOD语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
Just a Bunch Of Disks 的缩写。最初
JBOD用来表示一个没有控制软件提供协调
控制的磁盘集合,目前,JBOD常指磁盘柜,
而不论其是否提供 RAID 功能。另请参考:
iSNSAcronym for Internet Storage Name
Service.
iSNS discover domainCONTEXT 【iSNS】
Grouping of storage nodes for facilitating
discovery and login control of these nodes.
ISOCONTEXT 【Standards】
Acronym for International Standards
Organization.
ITAcronym for Information Technology.
IT securityCONTEXT 【Security】
"As defined by ISO/IEC 1335 Information
Technology Guidelines for the management
of IT Security, IT security comprises all aspects
related to defining, achieving, and maintaining
confidentiality, integrity, availability, non-
repudiation, accountability, authenticity, and
reliability of information assets."
JavaAn object oriented computer programming
language that is similar to but simpler than C++.
Java was created by Sun Microsystems Computer
Corporation.
JBODCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
Acronym for “Just a Bunch Of Disks.”
Originally used to mean a collection of disks
without the coordinated control provided by
122
disk array 。
Jini一种用以在网络上发布和发现设备的结
构和支撑服务。Jini由SUN微系统计算机公
司提出。
Jiro一种由 Java Community Process 组织开
发的,SUN微系统计算机公司的新标准。Jiro
的目标是为异构存储网络提供管理功能。在
联合管理结构规范(Federated Management
Architecture Specification)中定义了 Jiro 的
核心技术。
Jitter 抖动
语境【Fibre Channel】
数据流在物理介质上传输时所遇到的时
钟漂移问题。
KK28.5语境【Fibre Channel】
一种用以表示Fibre Channel操作开始的
特殊 10比特字符。
KB/KByte千字节(kilobyte)的同义词。
Key(密钥)
语境【安全】
通常是一个随机的(或者计算机生成的
伪随机的)比特序列,用来进行直接加密操
作或者生成其他密钥。同一明文信息使用不
同的密钥加密,会得到不同的密文,每种密
文都需要相应的密钥进行解密。在对称加密
系统中,加密和解密的密钥是相同的。在非对
control software; today the term JBOD most
often refers to a cabinet of disks whether or not
RAID functionality is present. cf. disk array
JiniAn architecture and supporting services
for publishing and discovering devices and
services on a network. Jini was created by Sun
Microsystems Computer Corporation.
Jiro"A Sun Microsys tems Computer
Corporation initiative, developed using the Java
Community Process. Jiro's goal is to enable the
management of heterogeneous storage networks.
The core technology in Jiro is defined in the
Federa ted Management Archi tec ture
Specification."
JitterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Deviation in timing that a bit stream
encounters as it traverses a physical medium.
K28.5CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A special 10-bit character used to indicate
the beginning of a Fibre Channel command.
KB/KByteSynonyms for kilobyte.
KeyCONTEXT 【Security】
"Usually a sequence of random or
pseudorandom bits used to direct cryptographic
operations and/or for producing other keys. The
same plaintext encrypted with different keys
yields different ciphertexts, each of which
requires a different key for decryption. In a
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称加密系统中,加密和解密需要不同的密钥。
Key backup语境【安全】
一种在密码系统中通过提供密钥存放和
恢复以恢复对数据的访问。有时用于作为因
为具有额外的内涵而令人迷惑的密钥契约的
替换术语。
Key escrow语境【安全】
密码公钥暂交第三者保管,待某种条件
实现后再交付受让人或权利人的过程。公钥
契约用于在由于错误,灾难或恶意行为导致
的公钥丢失的情况下能保证对加密的数据进
行访问。
Key recovery语境【安全】
在由于错误,灾难或恶意行为造成的数
据丢失的情况下能够获得对密码公钥的异常
访问的一种机制。
Key exchange(密钥交换)
语境【安全】
一种加密协议和过程,在该协议和过程
中,通信的两个实体确定一个相互共享的密
钥,同时任何读到通信内容的第三方都不能
得到确切的密钥值。关于密钥交换的最常用
方法就是使得第三方如果要获得密钥,必须
使用某种离散算法,对一个非常广的结果字
段进行计算,同时密钥交换方法也依赖于第
symmetric cryptosystem the encryption and
decryption keys are the same. In an asymmetric
cryptosystem the encryption and decryption keys
are different."
Key backupCONTEXT 【Security】
"A process used in a cryptographic system
that can restore access to data by providing for
key deposit and recovery. Key backup is
sometimes used as replacement term for key
escrow, which has become encumbered with
additional meanings."
Key escrowCONTEXT 【Security】
"A process in which the storage of a
cryptographic key is entrusted to a third party
escrow agent who will disclose it only to the
owner or another authorized user. Key escrow
systems are used to ensure that access to
encrypted data can be restored in case of key loss
due to error, disaster or a malicious act."
Key recoveryCONTEXT 【Security】
"A system characterized by the presence of
some mechanism for obtaining exceptional
access to a cryptographic key in case of loss by
error, disaster, or malicious intent (see also key
escrow)."
Key exchangeCONTEXT 【Security】
A cryptographic protocol and procedure in
which two communicating entities determine a
shared key in a fashion such that a third party
who reads all of their communication cannot
effectively determine the value of the key. A
common approach to key exchange requires
such a third party to compute a discrete logarithm
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三方所使用的离散计算算法的难度。
Key management(密钥管理)
语境【安全】
对密钥的生成、保存、保护、传输、加
载、使用、撤消以及销毁过程的管理和控制。
Key pair(密钥对)
语境【安全】
在公钥加密系统(也就是非对称加密系
统)中使用的公钥以及与其相应的私钥。
Keying material(秘密材料)
语境【安全】
以物理或磁性形式保存的密钥或者认证
信息。
Kilobyte1000(10 的3次幂)字节的数据(通用
存储行业表示法)。
1024(2 的10次幂)字节的数据(软件
语境中的通用表示法)。
一般从使用kilobyte 的语境中能够清楚
知道其所代表的意义。
LL_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
"将节点连接到 Fibre Channel仲裁环上
的端口类型。另请参考: E_Port, F_Port,
FL_Port, G_Port, N_Port, NL_Port。"
Label(标签)
语境【备份】
" 可移动介质或磁带盒上的标识符。标
over a large field in order to determine the key
value and relies on the computational
intractability of the discrete logarithm problem
for suitably selected large fields for its security.
Key managementCONTEXT 【Security】
"The supervision and control of the process
by which keys are generated, stored, protected,
transferred, loaded, used, revoked and
destroyed."
Key pairCONTEXT 【Security】
"A public key and its corresponding private
key as used in public key cryptography (i.e.,
asymmetric cryptosystem)."
Keying materialCONTEXT 【Security】
A key or authentication information in
physical or magnetic form.
Kilobyte"1,000 (10^3) bytes of data. (Common
storage industry usage) "
"1,024 (2^10) bytes of data. (Common
usage in software contexts). "
Which is meant is typically clear from the
context in which the term is used.
L_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A port used to connect a node to a Fibre
Channel arbitrated loop. cf. E_Port, F_Port,
FL_Port, G_Port, N_Port, NL_Port"
LabelCONTEXT 【Backup】
"An identifier associated with a removable
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签可以是人读的,也可以是机读的,再或者
既可人读也可机读。另请参考: external
volume serial number, media ID。"
LAN语境【网络】
局域网(Local Area Network)的缩写。
LANE语境【网络】
局域网仿真(Local Area Network
Emulation)的缩写。
LAN-free backup(LAN-free备份)
一种磁盘备份技术,在这种备份技术
中,某个SAN装置执行实际的备份I/O操作,
从而将 LAN 服务器从为 LAN 客户执行 I/O
操作的工作中解放出来。LAN-free备份技术
与 Server-free备份技术的差别在于:LAN-
free备份需要额外的SAN装置来执行备份I/
O 操作。
Large read request/large writerequest/large I/O request(大规模读
请求 /大规模写请求 /大规模 I/O请求)
一种请求大量数据传输的 I/O请求。但
是“大规模”的标准却依赖于具体的语境,
一般情况下指64KB以上的请求数据量。另
请参考: small I/O request
Latency(延迟)
I/O请求执行时间(I/O request execution
time)的同义词,也就是从发出 I/O 请求到
请求执行完毕的时间。是旋转延迟的简写,
是指从完成寻道定位到磁盘的读写磁头收到
第一个数据块准备传送之间的时间。
Latent fault(潜在故障)
一种系统组件故障类型,由于组件发生
media or cartridge. Labels may be humanly
readable, machine readable, or both. cf. external
volume serial number, media ID"
LANCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Local Area Network.
LANECONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Local Area Network
Emulation.
LAN-free backup"A disk backup methodology in which a
SAN appliance performs the actual backup I/O
operations, thus freeing the LAN server to
perform I/O operations on behalf of LAN clients.
Differentiated from serverless backup by the
requirement of an additional SAN appliance to
perform the backup I/O operations."
Large read request/large writerequest/large I/O request
"An I/O request that specifies the transfer
of a large amount of data. ‘Large’ obviously
depends on the context, but typically refers to
requests for 64 KBytes or more of cf. small I/O
request"
Latency"Synonym for I/O request execution time,
the time between the making of an I/O request
and completion of the request’s execution.
Short for rotational latency, the time between
the completion of a seek and the instant of
arrival of the first block of data to be transferred
at the disk’s read/write head. "
Latent faultA failure of a system component that has
126
故障的部件在发生故障之后还没有被使用
过,所以故障也就没有被察觉。磁盘表面的
field-developed 介质故障是一种潜在故障,
此故障只有在企图读存储在相应磁盘块上的
数据时才会被发现。
LBA逻辑块地址(logical block address)的
缩写。
LDAP轻量目录访问协议(L i g h t w e i g h t
Directory Access Protocol)的缩写。
LDM逻辑磁盘管理器(L o g i c a l D i s k
Manager)的缩写。
LED发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode)的
缩写。
Library(库)
语境【备份】
一种自动介质处理机,具有存储多个可
移动介质以及从一个或多个驱动中以任意顺
序上载和下载这些介质的能力。
Light emitting diode(发光二极管)
一种基于廉价发光二极管的多模光源。
缩写为LED。LED 能够发射多种波长的光,
一般用于数据通信的波长是1300纳米。LED
的实际传输率极限是 266Mbps。
Lightweight Directory AccessProtocol(轻量目录访问协议)
关于从目录中创建、访问和移除对象和
not been recognized because the failed aspect of
the component has not been exercised since the
occurrence of the failure. A field-developed
media defect on a disk surface is a latent fault
until an attempt is made to read the data in a
block that spans the defect.
LBAAcronym for logical block address.
LDAPAcronym for Lightweight Directory Access
Protocol.
LDMAcronym for Logical Disk Manager.
LEDAcronym for Light Emitting Diode.
LibraryCONTEXT 【Backup】
A robotic media handler capable of storing
multiple pieces of removable media and loading
and unloading them from one or more drives in
arbitrary order.
Light emitting diodeA multimode light source based on
inexpensive optical diodes. Abbreviated LED.
Available in a variety of wavelengths; 1300
nanometer wavelength is typical for data
communications. The practical transfer rate limit
for LEDs is 266 Mbps.
Lightweight Directory AccessProtocol
"An IETF protocol for creating, accessing
127
数据的一种IETF协议。缩写为LDAP。LDAP
提供了搜索、比较、添加、删除、修改目录
对象以及修改这些对象的对象名的功能。同
时 LDAP 也支持会话(sess ion)的绑定
(bind)、解绑定(unbind)以及丢弃(或称
取消)操作。LDAP 的名字来源于简化了
X.500标准集合中的DAP(Directory Access
Protocol ,目录访问协议)。
Link(链路)
语境【通用】【Fibre Channel】
网络上两个节点之间的物理连接(电互
联或者光互联)。
【Fibre Channel】两个传输方向相反的单
向 fibre,以及与其关联的发送器和接收器。
【Fibre Channel】直接连接的FC-1 实体
之间的全双工 FC-0层联结。
【Fibre Channel】Fibre Channel fabric 上
的两个元素之间的点到点物理连接。
Link control frame尚未定义。
LIP语境【Fibre Channel】
环路初始化原语(loop initialization
primitive)的缩写。
LISM语境【Fibre Channel】
环路初始化主控制器选择( l o o p
initialization select master)的缩写。
Load balancing(负载平衡)
" 对系统、应用程序组件和数据进行调
整,以期尽可能地达到将应用程序的 I/O或
计算命令平均分配到系统的物理资源上。I/
and removing objects and data from a directory.
It provides the ability to search, compare, add,
delete and modify directory objects, as well as
modifying the names of these objects. It also
supports bind, unbind and abandon (cancel)
operations for a session. LDAP got its name
from its goal of being a simpler form of DAP
(Directory Access Protocol), from the X.500 set
of standards."
LinkCONTEXT 【General】 【Fibre Channel】
A physical connection (electrical or optical)
between two nodes of a network.
【Fibre Channel】 Two unidirectional fibres
transmitting in opposite directions and their
associated transmitters and receivers.
【Fibre Channel】 The full-duplex FC-0 level
association between FC-1 entities in directly
attached ports.
【Fibre Channel】 The point to point physical
connection from one element of a Fibre Channel
fabric to the next
Link control framedefinition coming soon
LIPCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for loop initialization primitive.
LISMCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for loop initialization select
master.
Load balancing"The adjustment of system and/or
application components and data so that
application I/O or computational demands are
128
O负载平衡可以人工实现,也可以自动实现
(通过一些不需要人工干预的方法)。另请参
考: I/O load optimization, load sharing。"
Load optimization(负载优化)
“以最优的方式处理I/O负载的过程(通
过客观度量)。负载优化可以通过在几个组
件之间进行负载平衡的方法实现,还可以使
用其他方法实现,例如重排序请求和交叉执
行等方法。另请参考: load balancing, load
sharing。”
Load sharing(负载共享)
“将 I/O 负载或者任务分配到几个存储
子系统组件上的过程,但是并不有意将负载
平均分配到各个组件上,其中每个组件都分
配到一部分工作。当某个存储子系统共享负
载的时候,参与分配的部分组件可能会以其
最高能力运行,达到了其实际的负载极限,
同时另一部分组件却未能得到充分利用。另
请参考: I/O load balancing, load optimization。”
Local area network(局域网)
语境【网络】
在有限距离范围(一般情况下,直径不
超过5公里)内,使用专用线路将大量的通
信节点连接到一起的一种通信架构。以太网
和令牌环网是两种最为流行的LAN技术。另
请参考: wide area network。
Local area network emulation(局
域网仿真)
一种协议与服务的集合,这些协议和服
spread as evenly as possible across a system's
physical resources. I/O load balancing may be
done manually (by a human) or automatically
(by some means that does not require human
intervention). cf. I/O load optimization, load
sharing"
Load optimization"The manipulation of an I/O load in such a
way that performance is optimal by some
objective metric. Load optimization may be
achieved by load balancing across several
components, or by other means, such as request
reordering or interleaved execution. cf. load
balancing, load sharing"
Load sharing"The division of an I/O load or task among
several storage subsystem components, without
any attempt to equalize each component’s
share of the work. Each affected component
bears a percentage of a shared load. When a
storage subsystem is load sharing, it is possible
for some of the sharing components to be
operating at full capacity, to the point of actually
limiting performance, while others are
underutilized. cf. I/O load balancing, load
optimization"
Local area networkCONTEXT 【Network】
A communications infrastructure designed
to use dedicated wiring over a limited distance
(typically a diameter of less than five kilometers)
to connect a large number of intercommunicating
nodes. Ethernet and token ring are the two most
popular LAN technologies. cf. wide area network
Local area network emulationA collection of protocols and services that
combine to create an emulated local area network
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务协同创建一个使用 ATM 作为底层网络的
模拟的局域网环境。缩写为LANE。局域网
仿真使得具有 ATM 连接的智能设备能够与
远程LAN连接(LAN-connected)设备进行
通信,就好像这两个设备直接连接到同一个
LAN 中一样。
Local F_Port(本地 F_Port)语境【Fibre Channel】
指特定的 N_Port 端口通过链路直接连
接的 F_Port 端口。
Logical block(逻辑块)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
" 存储在磁盘或者磁带上的数据块,该
数据块具有一个用以检索或重写的地址。逻
辑块的术语一般用来指主机角度的物理设备
数据编址。在存储设备中,经常需要将提供
给主机的逻辑块地址转换成相应的数据实际
存储的物理介质地址。另请参考: physical
block, virtual block。"
Logical block address(逻辑块地
址)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
逻辑磁盘块的地址。逻辑块地址一般在
主机 I/O命令中使用。例如,SCSI磁盘命令
协议使用的就是逻辑块地址。
Logical disk(逻辑磁盘)
语境【存储系统】
“一个连续编址的FBA 磁盘块集合,这
些磁盘块是某个虚拟磁盘的一部分到物理磁
盘的映射。在一些阵列装置中,逻辑磁盘是
逻辑卷或者分区的组成部分。对于主机环境
来说,逻辑磁盘一般是不可见的,除了在阵
using ATM as the underlying network.
Abbreviated LANE. Local area network
emulation enables intelligent devices with ATM
connections to communicate with remote LAN-
connected devices as if they were directly
connected to the LAN.
Local F_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The F_Port to which a particular N_Port is
directly attached by a link.
Logical blockCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
"A block of data stored on a disk or tape,
and associated with an address for purposes of
retrieval or overwriting. The term logical block
is typically used to refer to the host’s view of
data addressing on a physical device. Within a
storage device, there is often a further conversion
between the logical blocks presented to hosts
and the physical media locations at which the
corresponding data is stored. cf. physical block,
virtual block"
Logical block addressCONTEXT 【Storage Device】 【Storage
System】
"The address of a logical block. Logical
block addresses are typically used in hosts’ I/O
commands. The SCSI disk command protocol,
for example, uses logical block addresses."
Logical diskCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A set of consecutively addressed FBA
disk blocks that is part of a single virtual disk to
physical disk mapping. Logical disks are used in
some array implementations as constituents of
logical volumes or partitions. Logical disks are
130
列配置操作期间。另请参考: extent, virtual
disk。”
Logical disk manger(逻辑磁盘管
理器)
语境【Windows】
Windows NT 操作系统中的卷管理控制
软件的名字。
Logical unit(逻辑单元)
语境【SCSI】
“位于 SCSI 目标内部的,能够执行 I/O
命令的实体。SCSI I/O命令被送往某个目标
之后,该目标内部的逻辑单元执行送来的命
令。每个 SCSI 物理磁盘一般有一个逻辑单
元。磁带驱动以及阵列控制器可能有多个逻
辑单元,分别处理不同的 I/O命令。阵列控
制器中的每个逻辑单元都对应于一个虚拟磁
盘。另请参考: LUN, target, target ID。”
Logical unit number(逻辑单元号)
语境【SCSI】
某个目标的内部逻辑单元的 SCSI标识
符。
Logical volume(逻辑卷)
语境【存储系统】
由逻辑磁盘组成的虚拟磁盘。也称为虚
拟磁盘或者卷集(volume set)。
Login server(登录服务器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
位于 Fibre Channel fabric内部,能够接
收并处理 fabric登录请求的智能实体。
Long wavelength laser(长波激光
部件)
normally not visible to the host environment,
except during array configuration operations.
cf. extent, virtual disk"
Logical disk mangerCONTEXT 【Windows】
A name for the volume management control
software in the Windows NT operating system.
Logical unitCONTEXT 【SCSI
"The entity within a SCSI target that
executes I/O commands. SCSI I/O commands
are sent to a target and executed by a logical unit
within that target. A SCSI physical disk typically
has a single logical unit. Tape drives and array
controllers may incorporate multiple logical units
to which I/O commands can be addressed. Each
logical unit exported by an array controller
corresponds to a virtual disk. cf. LUN, target,
target ID"
Logical unit numberCONTEXT 【SCSI
The SCSI identifier of a logical unit within
a target.
Logical volumeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A virtual disk made up of logical disks.
Also called a virtual disk, or volume set."
Login serverCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An intelligent entity within a Fibre Channel
fabric that receives and executes fabric login
requests.
Long wavelength laserCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
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语境【Fibre Channel】
一种发射波长在 1300 纳米以上的激光
的部件。这种部件所发射激光的波长通常为
1300 纳米或者 1550 纳米,广泛应用在电信
行业领域。
Loop initialization(环路初始化)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel仲裁环网络在加电、故障
之后重启或者其他意外情况发生之后初始化
自身所使用的协议。通常缩写为LIP。在LIP
期间,仲裁环路上的节点要做自我识别,并
从环路获得用于通信的环路地址。在LIP完
成之前,仲裁环路上不允许进行数据传输。
Loop initialization primitive(环路
初始化原语)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种Fiber Channel原语,主要用来:(1.)
为所有节点初始化一个惟一的地址;(2.)表
示环路故障;(3.)重置指定节点。
Loop initialization select master(环路初始化主控制器选择)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在环路初始化期间,确定临时的 Fibre
Channel 仲裁环路主控制器的过程。缩写为
LISM。
Loop Switch语境【Fibre Channel】
一种在2层上运行的光纤通道交换机,
它允许通过 FC-AL 协议进行多个点对点的
动态连接。Loop switches并不应用光纤通道
交换协议(FC-SW-x标准)。
A laser with a wavelength 1300 nm or
longer; usually 1300 or 1550 nanometers; widely
used in the telecommunications industry.
Loop initializationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The protocol by which a Fibre Channel
Arbitrated Loop network initializes upon power
up or recovers after a failure or other unexpected
condition. Usually abbreviated LIP. During a
LIP, the nodes present on the arbitrated loop
identify themselves and acquire addresses on
the loop for communication. No data can be
transferred on an arbitrated loop until a LIP is
complete."
Loop initialization primitiveCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A Fiber Channel primitive used to (1.)
initiate a procedure that results in unique
addressing for all nodes, (2.) indicate a loop
failure, or (3.) reset a specific node."
Loop initialization select masterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The process by which a temporary Fibre
Channel arbitrated loop master is determined
during loop initialization. Abbreviated LISM.
Loop Switch语境【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel switch operating at the
layer 2 level allowing multiple dynamic point-
to-point connections between devices using the
FC-AL protocol. Loop switches do not
implement the Fibre Channel Switch Fabric
protocols (FC-SW-x standards).
132
Loopback语境【Fibre Channel】
一种 FC-1 层运行模式,在 loopback 模
式中,传到FC-1发送端的信息直接被定向到
相应的 FC-1接收端。当Fibre Channel 接口
处于 loopback模式运行时,loopback 信号屏
蔽了接收端发现的所有外部信号。
Loop port state machine(环路端
口状态机)
语境【Fibre Channel】
监控并执行初始化和访问Fibre Channel
仲裁环所需各种任务的逻辑。
LWL语境【Fibre Channel】
长波激光部件(Long Wavelength Laser)
的缩写。
LUN语境【SCSI】
逻辑单元号(Logical Unit Number)的
缩写。
MMAC语境【网络】
【网络】介质访问控制(Media Access
Control)的缩写。
【安全】鉴定码(Authentication Code)
的缩写
Magnetic remanance(剩磁)
语境【安全】
在对介质消磁之后,仍然残留在磁介质
上的残余信息的一种磁表示。
MAID语境 【存储系统】
LoopbackCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An FC-1 operational mode in which
information passed to the FC-1 transmitter is
shunted directly to the FC-1 receiver. When a
Fibre Channel interface is in loopback mode, the
loopback signal overrides any external signal
detected by the receiver."
Loop port state machineCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Logic that monitors and performs the tasks
required for initialization and access to a Fibre
Channel arbitrated loop.
LWLCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Long Wavelength Laser.
LUNCONTEXT 【SCSI
Acronym for Logical Unit Number.
MACCONTEXT 【Network】 【Security】
1.【Network】 Acronym for Media Access
Control.
2.【Security】 Acronym for Message
Authentication Code.
Magnetic remananceCONTEXT 【Security】
A magnetic representation of residual
information remaining on a magnetic medium
after the medium has been degaussed.
MAIDCONTEXT 【Storage System】
133
大量空余磁盘(Massive Array of Idle
Disks)的缩写
MAN城域网(Metropolitan Area Network)的
缩写。
Managed Object Format(对象管
理格式)
语境【管理】
关于 CIM模式中的对象以及关联的一
种语法和格式描述。缩写为 MOF。MOF 也
可以用由 DMTF 发布的文档类型定义转换
成 XML。
Management Information Base(管理信息库)
语境【管理】
关于可以使用 SNMP 协议来进行读写
的,对象和变量集合的规范和标准性描述。
缩写为MIB。IETF定义了多种标准MIB。厂
家自定义的 MIBs也非常普遍。
Mandatory (provision)(强制性规
定)
语境【标准】
在任何标准的实现中,必需遵守和支持
的标准条款。
Mapping(映射)
语境【存储系统】
两种数据编址空间之间的地址转换过
程。例如,控制软件将物理磁盘块地址转换
成操作环境中使用的虚拟磁盘块地址的过
程,就是一种映射。
Mapping boundary(映射边界)
语境【存储系统】
Acronym for Massive Array of Idle Disks.
MANAcronym for Metropolitan Area Network.
Managed Object FormatCONTEXT 【Management】
The syntax and formal description of the
objects and associations in the CIM schemas.
Abbreviated as MOF. MOF can also be translated
to XML using a Document Type definition
published by the DMTF.
Management Information BaseCONTEXT 【Management
"The specification and formal description
of a set of objects and variables that can be read
and possibly written using the SNMP protocol.
Abbreviated MIB. Various standard MIBs are
defined by the IETF., and vendor-specific MIBs
are quite common as well. "
Mandatory (provision)CONTEXT 【Standards
A provision in a standard which must be
supported in order for an implementation of the
standard to be compliant.
MappingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Conversion between two data addressing
spaces. For example, mapping refers to the
conversion between physical disk block
addresses and the block addresses of the virtual
disks presented to operating environments by
control software."
Mapping boundaryCONTEXT 【Storage System】
134
某种磁盘阵列映射算法中的有效虚拟磁
盘块地址范围。映射边界指用户数据空间条
带或者校验数据条带的第一个磁盘块和最后
一个磁盘块。
Massive Array of Idle Disks语境【存储】
由大量没通电的或不需要的磁盘组成存
储系统。缩写为 MAID。MAID 存储系统减
少了存储阵列的能源消耗。
Maximum transfer unit(最大传输
单元)
语境【网络】
协议规定的能够作为一个单元进行传输
的最大数据量。缩写为MTU。以太网的MTU
一般是1536字节。Fibre Channel的MTU 一
般是 2112字节。
MB/MByte兆字节(megabyte)的缩写。
Mb/Mbit兆位(megabit)的缩写。
MBps每秒兆字节(megabyte)的缩写。一种
带宽和数据传输率度量单位。
Mbps每秒兆位(megabit)的缩写。一种带宽
和数据传输率的度量单位。
MD5语境【安全】
一种特定的消息摘要算法,该算法能够
产生128位的摘要数据信息(用于认证服务
中使用的认证数据)。
A virtual disk block address of some
significance to a disk array’s mapping
algorithms. The first and last blocks of a user
data space strip or check data strip are mapping
boundaries.
Massive Array of Idle DisksCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A storage system comprising an array of
disk drives that are powered down individually
or in groups when not required. Acronym MAID.
MAID storage systems reduce the power
consumed by a storage array.
Maximum transfer unitCONTEXT 【Network】
The largest amount of data that it is
permissible to transmit as one unit according to
a protocol specification. Abbreviated MTU. The
Ethernet MTU is 1536 eight bit bytes. The Fibre
Channel MTU is 2112 eight bit bytes.
MB/MByteShorthand for megabyte.
Mb/MbitShorthand for megabit.
MBpsAcronym for megabytes per second. A
measure of bandwidth or data transfer rate.
MbpsAcronym for megabits per second. A
measure of bandwidth or data transfer rate.
MD5CONTEXT 【Security】
A specific message-digest algorithm
producing a 128-bit digest which is used as
authentication data by an authentication service.
135
Mean time between failures(平
均故障时间)
大多数相同的系统、组件或者设备的,
从开始使用到第一次发生故障以来的平均时
间。缩写为 MTBF。
Mean time to (loss of) dataavailability(平均数据可用性时间)
在大多数的存储设备中,直到某个组件
发生故障(导致用户数据访问失效)的时候,
设备启动并正常运行的平均时间。可用性失
效并不一定导致数据丢失,对于一些类型的
故障(例如非冗余智能存储控制器故障)来
说,数据仍然能够保持其完整性,并且在经
过替换故障部件之后,数据仍然可以被访
问。
Mean time to data loss(平均数
据丢失时间)
在大多数的存储设备中,直到某个组件
发生故障(导致用户数据的永久丢失)的时
候,设备从启动开始的正常工作的平均时
间。对于磁盘和磁带设备来说,平均数据丢
失时间的概念与 M T B F 相似,但是对于
RAID 阵列来说,平均数据丢失时间可能与
MTBF 不同,这是因为在 RAID中,冗余性
能够保护组件故障条件下数据丢失情况的发
生。
Mean time to repair(平均返修时
间)
大量相同的系统、组件或者设备,从发
生故障到完成维修之间所耗费的平均时间。
平均返修时间包括从故障发生到完成故障部
件完全恢复正常之间的所有维修时间。平均
返修时间包括发现并处理故障的时间、维修
和替换故障部件的时间以及使替换部件完全
正常运转的时间。例如,在镜像盘和RAID
阵列中,发生磁盘故障时的平均返修时间包
括将故障磁盘上的用户数据和校验数据恢复
Mean time between failures"The average time from start of use to first
failure in a large population of identical systems,
components, or devices. Abbreviated MTBF."
Mean time to (loss of) dataavailability
"The average time from startup until a
component failure causes a loss of timely user
data access in a large population of storage
devices. Loss of availability does not necessarily
imply loss of data; for some classes of failures,
(e.g., failure of non-redundant intelligent storage
controllers, data remains intact, and can again
be accessed after the failed component is
replaced."
Mean time to data loss"The average time from startup until a
component failure causes a permanent loss of
user data in a large population of storage devices.
Mean time to data loss is similar to MTBF for
disks and tapes, but is likely to differ in RAID
arrays, where redundancy can protect against
data loss due to component failures."
Mean time to repair"The average time between a failure and
completion of repair in a large population of
identical systems, components, or devices. Mean
time to repair comprises all elements of repair
time, from the occurrence of the failure to
restoration of complete functionality of the failed
component. This includes time to notice and
respond to the failure, time to repair or replace
the failed component, and time to make the
replaced component fully operational. In
136
到替换磁盘上所耗费的时间。缩写为
MTTR。
Meaningful (control field)有意义
(控制字段)
语境【标准】
标准中必须被接收方正确解释的控制字
段或者控制位。控制字段既可以表示一定的
含义,也可以不表示任何实际含义,不过在后
面的这种情况下,控制字段必须被忽略掉。
Media(介质)
1.存储设备中,记录数据的物理材料。
2.表示两个点之间传输数据的物理链路。
Media access control(介质访问
控制)
语境【网络】
指控制访问物理介质的规则,特别是在
共享介质网络中。
Media ID(介质 ID)
语境【备份】
" 在可移动介质的整个生命周期内,标
在其上的机器能够识别的标识符。另请参
考: external volume serial number, label。"
Media manager(介质管理器)
语境【备份】
一种负责追踪可移动存储介质的位置、
容量以及状态信息的备份软件组件。
Media robot(介质机械手)
语境【备份】
mirrored and RAID arrays, for example, the
mean time to repair a disk failure includes the
time required to reconstruct user data and check
data from the failed disk on the replacement
disk. Abbreviated MTTR."
Meaningful (control field)CONTEXT 【Standards
"In a standard, a control field or bit that
must be correctly interpreted by a receiver.
Control fields are either meaningful or “not
meaningful”, in which case they must be
ignored."
Media1. The material in a storage device on
which data is recorded.
2. A physical link on which data is
transmitted between two points.
Media access controlCONTEXT 【Network】
"Algorithms that control access to physical
media, especially in shared media networks."
Media IDCONTEXT 【Backup】
"An machine readable identifier written on
a piece of removable media that remains constant
throughout the media's life. cf. external volume
serial number, label"
Media managerCONTEXT 【Backup】
"A backup software component responsible
for tracking the location, contents, and state of
removable storage media. ."
Media robotCONTEXT 【Backup】
137
介质自动操纵设备(robot ic media
handler)的同义词。
Media stacker(介质栈)
语境【备份】
一种自动控制和操作介质的机械手,介
质必须由机械手自动地顺序移动。通常只为
单个驱动器服务。介质栈能够将介质以任意
顺序载入到驱动器中,但是必须按照顺序循
环使用介质。
Megabaud(兆波特)
每秒一百万波特(信息传输单元),包括
数据、信令以及开销。
Megabit(兆位)
“1,000,000(10的 6次幂)比特。SNIA
在数据传输相关领域中,一般使用10的6次
幂表示兆位,而不使用在计算机系统随机访
问存储器以及软件领域中常用的 1,048,576
(2 的 20次幂)来表示兆位。”
Megabyte(兆字节)
"1,000,000(10 的6 次幂)字节。SNIA
在存储和数据传输相关领域中,一般使用10
的6次幂表示兆字节,而不使用在计算机系
统随机访问存储器以及软件领域中常用的
1,048,576(2 的 20次幂)来表示兆字节。"
Megatransfer(兆传输)
语境【SCSI】
“每秒一百万数据单元的传输速度。常
用来描述并行 I/O 总线的特性,例如对于
SCSI总线而言,数据传输率依赖于每个数据
周期内所传输的数据总量。另请参考: SCSI,
fast SCSI, Ultra SCSI, Ultra2 SCSI, wide SCSI。”
Synonym for robotic media handler.
Media stackerCONTEXT 【Backup】
"A robotic media handler in which media
must be moved sequentially by the robot. Usually
services a single drive. A stacker may be able to
load media into a drive in arbitrary order, but
must cycle through media in sequence to do so."
Megabaud"One million baud (elements of transmitted
information) per second, including data,
signalling, overhead."
Megabit"1,000,000 (10^6) bits. The SNIA uses the
10^6 convention commonly found in data
transfer-related literature rather than the
1,048,576 (2^20) convention common in
computer system random access memory and
software literature."
Megabyte"1,000,000 (10^6) bytes. The SNIA uses
the 10^6 convention commonly found in storage
and data transfer-related literature rather than
the 1,048,576 (2^20) convention common in
computer system random access memory and
software literature."
MegatransferCONTEXT 【SCSI
"The transfer of one million data units per
second. Used to describe the characteristics of
parallel I/O buses like SCSI, for which the data
transfer rate depends upon the amount of data
transferred in each data cycle. cf. SCSI, fast
SCSI, Ultra SCSI, Ultra2 SCSI, wide SCSI"
138
Member/member disk(成员 / 成员磁盘)
语境【存储系统】
作为磁盘阵列的成员正在使用的磁盘。
Message authentication code语境【安全】
一种附加在消息上的哈希校验码,能
使接收者确保消息内容在传输中没被改变。
缩写为 MAC。
Message-digest algorithm(消息
摘要算法)
语境【安全】
一种可以产生安全哈希摘要的算法。
Metadata(元数据)
语境【信息生命周期管理】
关于其它数据的数据。来自ISO 14721。
Metropolitan area network(城域
网)
语境【网络】
连接分布在城市范围内的节点而形成的
网络,城域网的作用范围是城市范围,与局
域网的园区范围以及广域网的国家或者全球
范围不同。缩写为 MAN。从存储的角度来
看,MAN 是最适合的选择,这是因为块存
储协议(例如 ESCON 和Fibre Channel)所
支持的传输距离正好落在MAN范围内,与
此同时,大多数的 WAN(其作用范围超过
单个城市范围)目前都没有提供对这种协议
的支持。
MIB语境【管理】
管理信息库(Management Information
Base)的缩写。
Member/member diskCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A disk that is in use as a member of a disk
array.
Message authentication codeCONTEXT 【Security】
A cryptographic hash appended to a
message to allow a receiver to ensure that the
contents have not been changed in transit.
Acronym MAC.
Message-digest algorithmCONTEXT 【Security】
An algorithm which produces a secure
hash
MetadataCONTEXT 【【Information Lifecycle
Management】】
Data about other data. From ISO 14721.
Metropolitan area networkCONTEXT 【Network】
"A network that connects nodes distributed
over a metropolitan (city-wide) area as opposed
to a local area (campus) or wide area (national or
global). Abbreviated MAN. From a storage
perspective, MANs are of interest because there
are MANs over which block storageprotocols
(e.g., ESCON, Fibre Channel) can be carried
natively, whereas most WANs that extend
beyond a single metropolitan area do not
currently support such protocols."
MIBCONTEXT 【Management
Acronym for Management Information
Base.
139
MIME语境【网络】
多用途 Internet邮件扩展(Multipurpose
Internet Mail Extensions)的缩写。
Mirror语境【存储系统】
包含两个独立、具有相同内容组件的存
储卷。这两个组件能够背存储系统分别独立
的访问
Mirror resynchronization(镜像再
同步)
语境【备份】
使得分离镜像的内容,和产生该分离镜
像的存储设备的内容保持一致的过程。镜像
再同步可能需要整个拷贝存储设备的全部内
容。如果使用快速镜像再同步,则只有自从
上次分离之后原始内容被修改的数据才需要
拷贝。
Mirroring(镜像)
语境【存储系统】
一种存储阵列类型,在该类型的阵列
中,数据的多个(两个或者更多)相同副本
被保存在独立的介质上。也称为RAID 1、磁
盘映像、实时拷贝或者 t1拷贝。
Mirrors/mirrored disks(镜像盘)
语境【存储系统】
镜像阵列中的磁盘。
Mirrored array(镜像阵列)
语境【存储系统】
通过 RAID 1 或称镜像的技术,以防止
在磁盘或者设备 I/O总线发生故障时发生数
据丢失的磁盘阵列的通用术语。
MIMECONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions.
MirrorCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A storage volume consisting of separate
components with identical contents that can be
accessed independently by the Storage System.
Mirror resynchronizationCONTEXT 【Backup】
"The process of making the contents of a
split mirror identical with the contents of the
storage devices from which the mirror was split.
Mirror resynchronization may entail copying
the entire contents of the storage devices, or
when fast mirror resynchronization is used, only
the data items changed in the original since the
instant of splitting."
MirroringCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A form of storage array in which two or
more identical copies of data are maintained on
separate media. Also known as RAID Level 1,
disk shadowing, real-time copy, and t1 copy."
Mirrors/mirrored disksCONTEXT 【Storage System】
The disks of a mirrored array.
Mirrored arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Common term for a disk array that
implements RAID Level 1, or mirroring to
protecting data against loss due to disk or device
I/O bus failure."
140
MLS语境【安全】
多级安全(multilevel security)的缩写。
MMAMultipath Management API 的缩写。
Modeling language(建模语言)
一种描述信息或者数据模型的概念的语
言。目前最流行的、最常用的建模语言是
UML(Unified Modeling Language,统一建
模语言)。建模语言的关键在于能够实现模
型概念的传递。
MOF语境【管理】
对象管理格式(Managed Object Format)
的缩写。
Monitor (program)(监控程序)
在操作环境中运行的一种程序,该程序
能够跟踪系统资源的使用信息。监控程序一
般要记录CPU的使用信息、I/O请求频率、数
据传输率、RAM 使用信息以及其他类似的
统计数据。监控程序可以是操作系统的一部
分功能,也可以是一个独立的软件产品,还
可以是相关组件的一部分。监控程序是实现
人工负载平衡的先决条件。
Mount(加载)
在网络文件系统(Network File System,
NFS)中,指定所要访问的远程主机和文件
系统或者目录的协议和一系列的步骤程序。
同时还需要指定的是被访问目录的在本地文
件目录结构中的位置。
MTBF平均故障时间(Mean Time Between
MLSCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for multilevel security
MMAAcronym for Multipath Management API.
Modeling languageA language for describing the concepts of
an information or data model. One of the most
popular modeling languages in use today is
UML (Unified Modeling Language). The
essence of modeling languages is that they be
capable of conveying the model concepts.
MOFCONTEXT 【Management
Acronym for Managed Object Format.
Monitor (program)"A program that executes in an operating
environment and keeps track of system resource
utilization. Monitors typically record CPU
utilization, I/O request rates, data transfer rates,
RAM utilization, and similar statistics. A monitor
program, which may be an integral part of an
operating system, a separate software product,
or a part of a related component, such as a
database management system, is a necessary
prerequisite to manual I/O load balancing."
Mount"In the Network File System (NFS), a
protocol and set of procedures to specify a
remote host and file system or directory to be
accessed. Also specified is the location of the
accessed directories in the local file hierarchy."
MTBFAcronym for Mean Time Between Failures.
141
Failures)的缩写。
MTDA平均数据可用性时间(Mean Time until
(Loss of) Data Availability)的缩写。
MTDL平均数据丢失时间(Mean Time to Data
Loss)的缩写。
MTTR平均返修时间(Mean Time To Repair)
的缩写。
MTU语境【网络】
最大传输单元(Maximum Transfer Unit)
的缩写。
Multicast(组播)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
将一个消息同时发送给连接到通信设备
上的端口集合的某个子集(集合中元素个数
必须大于 1)中的所有端口的传输过程。在
Fibre Channel语境中,组播特指将单个消息
发送给一个fabric上的多个N_Port端口的过
程。
Multicast group(组播组)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
一组端口,组中端口的地址或者标识符
都是组播报文或者数据帧(必须发送到组播
组中的所有端口)发送的目标地址。
Multi-level disk array(多级磁盘
阵列)
语境【存储系统】
一种具有两级数据映射的磁盘阵列。在
多级磁盘阵列中,由第一级映射创建的虚拟
磁盘是第二级映射的成员磁盘。常见的多级
MTDAAcronym for Mean Time until (Loss of)
Data Availability.
MTDLAcronym for Mean Time to Data Loss.
MTTRAcronym for Mean Time To Repair.
MTUCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Maximum Transfer Unit.
MulticastCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
"The simultaneous transmission of a
message to a subset of more than one of the ports
connected to a communication facility. In a
Fibre Channel context, multi-cast specifically
refers to the sending of a message to multiple
N_Ports connected to a fabric."
Multicast groupCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
A set of ports associated with an address or
identifier that serves as the destination for
multicast packets or frames that are to be
delivered to all ports in the set.
Multi-level disk arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A disk array with two levels of data
mapping. The virtual disks created by one
mapping level become the members of the second
level. The most frequently encountered multi-
142
磁盘阵列一般使用镜像作为第一级映射,同
时在第二级映射层次上,将数据分条到第一
级映射生成的镜像阵列。
Multilevel security(多级安全)
语境【安全】
一种支持不同权限的用户和资源同时访
问系统,同时确保用户和资源都只能访问其
有权访问的信息的机制。多级安全机制要求
一种能够能够为主体和客体分配特定访问权
限的计算机安全策略模型。
Multimode (fiber optic cable)(多
模光缆)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
一种能够支持直到500米长度的设备互
联的光缆规范。
Multi-threaded(多线程)
具有多个并发或者伪并发的执行序列的
状态。通常用来描述计算机系统的处理状
态。多线程处理是一种能够让 I/O 请求敏感
型应用充分利用磁盘阵列,从而提高 I/O 性
能的方法。
Multi-path I/O(多路径 I/O)
语境【存储系统】
主机中能够将对存储设备的 I/O请求定
向到多条访问路径上的设施和机制。多路径
I/O 要求必须使用除总线地址之外的方法来
惟一标识设备。
Multipath Management APISNIA 多路径管理 API规范允许存储管
理软件在主机系统、本地联机系统和设备接
口处检测和管理多路径设备。缩写为MMA。
level disk arrays use mirroring at the first level,
and stripe data across the resulting mirrored
arrays at the second level."
Multilevel securityCONTEXT 【Security】
"Allows users and resources of different
sensitivity levels to access a system concurrently,
while ensuring that only information for which
the user or resource has authorization is made
available. Requires a formal computer security
policy model which assigns specific access
characteristics to both subjects and objects."
Multimode (fiber optic cable)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
A fiber optic cabling specification that
allows up to 500 meter distances between
devices.
Multi-threadedHaving multiple concurrent or pseudo-
concurrent execution sequences. Used to
described processes in computer systems. Multi-
threaded processes are one means by which I/O
request-intensive applications can make
maximum use of disk arrays to increase I/O
performance.
Multi-path I/OCONTEXT 【Storage System】
The facility for a host to direct I/O requests
to a storage device on more than one access path.
Multi-path I/O requires that devices be uniquely
identifiable by some means other than by bus
address.
Multipath Management APIThe SNIA Multipath Management API
specification allows storage management
software to discover and manage the multipath
143
Mul t ipurpose Internet Mai lExtensions(多用途Internet邮件扩展)
语境【网络】
一种定义了关于 Internet 消息正文格式
的指定和描述机制的规范。一个包含MIME
类型内容的消息头的 HTTP 响应允许 HTTP
客户端唤醒相应的应用程序来处理接收到的
数据。
Mutual authentication语境【安全】
预先检测两个实体是否相同以建立通
讯的进程。
NN_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
将一个节点上的端口以点对点的方式连
接到 f a b r i c 或者另一个节点上的端口。
N_Port端口负责处理流出或者流入所连接系
统的消息单元的创建、检测以及其流控。
N_Port端口是点到点连接中的光纤终点,例
如:(后面一句没看明白)
N_Port_ID Virtualization语境【Fibre Channel】
让单个物理光纤通道终点支持多个独立
地址的逻辑终点。缩写为 N P I V . A N S I
INCITS T11 光纤通道标准中定义了支持
NPIV的协议。
N_Port Name(N_Port 名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
devices on a host system and the associated local
and device ports. Abbreviated MMA.
Mult ipurpose Internet Mai lExtensions
CONTEXT 【Network】
A specification that defines the mechanisms
for specifying and describing the format of
Internet message bodies. An HTTP response
containing a MIME Content-Type header allows
the HTTP client to invoke the appropriate
application for processing the received data.
Mutual authenticationCONTEXT 【Security】
A process that verifies the identity of both
entities prior to establishing communication.
N_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A “Node” port connects via a point-to-
point link to either a single N_Port or a single
F_Port. . N_Ports handle creation, detection,
and flow of message units to and from the
connected systems. N_Ports are end ports in
virtual point-to-point links through a fabric, for
example the N_Port on an end node to F_Port on
a switch to F_Port in that switch to the N_Port on
the other end node using a single Fibre Channel
fabric switch. "
N_Port_ID VirtualizationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The ability for a single physical Fibre Channel
end point (N_Port) to support multiple, uniquely
addressable, logical end points. Abbreviated NPIV.
Protocols that support NPIV are defined in ANSI
INCITS T11 Fibre Channel standards."
N_Port NameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
144
N_Port端口的名字标识符。
NAA语境【网络】【标准】
网络地址授权(N e t w o r k A d d r e s s
Authority)的缩写。
Name_Identifier(名字标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个 64 位的标识符,由 60 位的值和
4 位 的 网 络 地 址 授 权 标 识 符
(Network_Address_Authority_Identifier)
组成。名字标识符能够标识Fibre Channel
实体,例如N_Port端口、节点、F_Port 端
口或 fabric。
Name server(名字服务器)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
网络中能够完成节点的符号名和网络地
址之间的转换工作的智能实体。在 Fibre
Channel 网络中,名字服务器将完成 World
Wide Name 和 fabric地址之间的转换工作。
Naming(命名)
将地址空间映射到目标集合上的过程。
一般地,命名或者是为了人们的方便,例如
文件或者存储设备的符号名,或者是为了在
两个系统组件之间建立一层依赖关系,例如
使用 inode名标识文件或者使用IP地址标识
计算机。
Namespace(名字空间)
语境【文件系统】【管理】
1.能够被文件系统识别的有效的文件名
集合。文件系统的四大基本功能之一就是要
维持一个名字空间,以避免出现无效文件名
或者重复文件名的情况。
A Name_Identifier associated with an
N_Port.
NAACONTEXT 【Network】 【Standards
Acronym for Network Address Authority.
Name_IdentifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A 64 bit identifier, consisting of a 60 bit
v a l u e c o n c a t e n a t e d w i t h a 4 b i t
Network_Address_Authority_Identifier.
Name_Identifiers identify Fibre Channel entities
such as N_Port, node, F_Port, or fabric."
Name serverCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
"An intelligent entity in a network that
translates between symbolic node names and
network addresses. In a Fibre Channel network,
a name server translates between world wide
names and fabric addresses."
Naming"The mapping of address space to a set of
objects. Naming is typically used either for
human convenience (e.g., symbolic names
attached to files or storage devices), or to establish
a level of independence between two system
components (e.g., identification of files by inode
names or identification of computers by IP
addresses). "
NamespaceCONTEXT 【File System】 【Management】
1. The set of valid names recognized by a
file system. One of the four basic functions of
file systems is maintenance of a namespace so
that invalid and duplicate names do not occur
145
2.在 XML 中,名字空间是在指定Web
地址(URL)上的一个文档,该文档列出了
其他 XML 文件中使用的数据单元和属性的
名字。
3.在 CIM和WBEM中,名字空间指一
个在逻辑上一致的对象定义和实例集合。
NAS语境【网络】【存储系统】
网络附接存储(n e t w o r k a t t a c h e d
storage)的缩写。
National Committee InformationTechnology Standards(美国国家信
息技术标准委员会)
语境【标准】
ANSI 下属的一个委员会,该委员会是
X3T11以及其他标准组织的主管部门。
National Institute of Standards andTechnology(国家标准与技术协会)
语境【安全】
美国商业部门技术管理组织内部的一个
联邦代理机构。NIST 的任务就是设计和提
出一些能够提高生产力、推动贸易发展以及
提高生活水平的方法、标准和技术。NIST的
信息技术实验室(NIST ' s In fo rma t ion
Technology Laboratory)中的计算机安全部
门(Computer Security Division)对高级加
密标准(Advanced Encryption Standard,
AES)项目计划进行管理。
NCITS语境【标准】
国家信息技术标准委员会(National
Committee Information Technology Standards)
组织的缩写。
NDMP语境【管理】【网络】
"2. In XML, a document at a specific Web
address (URL) that lists the names of data
elements and attributes that are used in other
XML files"
"3.In CIM and WBEM, a collection of
object definitions and instances that are logically
consistent."
NASCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
System】
Acronym for network attached storage.
National Committee InformationTechnology Standards
CONTEXT 【Standards
A committee of ANSI that serves as the
governing body of X3T11 and other standards
organizations.
National Institute of Standards andTechnology
CONTEXT 【Security】
"A non-regulatory federal agency within
the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology
Administration. NIST's mission is to develop
and promote measurement, standards, and
technology to enhance productivity, facilitate
trade, and improve the quality of life.
Specifically, the Computer Security Division
within NIST's Information Technology
Laboratory managed the Advanced Encryption
Standard (AES) program."
NCITSCONTEXT 【Standards
Acronym for National Committee
Information Technology Standards.
NDMPCONTEXT 【Management】 【Network】
146
网络数据管理协议(Network Data
Management Protocol)的缩写。
Network(网络)
语境【网络】
" 支持所连接节点之间进行互相通信的
互联结构。网络由光信号或者电信号传输介
质、集线器和 / 或者交换机等基础设施以及
管理消息序列传输的协议组成。与 I/O 总线
相比,网络的特征就是具有大量的对等节
点、节点间间距很大以及灵活的可配置性。
另请参考: channel, I/O bus, local area network,
storage area network。"
Network adapter(网络适配器)
语境【网络】
" 一种将智能设备连接到网络上的适配
器类型。通常称为网卡或者以太网NIC。另
请参考: Ethernet adapter, NIC。"
Network Address Authori ty((NAA))(网络地址授权标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
NAA是一个4位的地址标识符,用来管
理网络地址授权以保证ww名的唯一性。在
光纤通道环境中几个名字授权可能同时在
线,所以光纤通道预先采用 NAA分配世界
广域名以保证网络地址的全球唯一性。例
如,一个NAA =1表示 IEEE的48bit 标识。
NAA 也表示 WWN 格式,比如 Format1,
Format 2 和 Format 5
Network attached storage(网络
附接存储)
Acronym for Network Data Management
Protocol.
NetworkCONTEXT 【Network】
" A n i n t e r c o n n e c t t h a t e n a b l e s
communication among a collection of attached
nodes. A network consists of optical or electrical
transmission media, infrastructure in the form
of hubs and/or switches, and protocols that
make message sequences meaningful. In
comparison to I/O buses, networks are typically
characterized by large numbers of nodes that act
as peers, large inter-node separation, and flexible
configurability. cf. channel, I/O bus, local area
network, storage area network"
Network adapterCONTEXT 【Network】
"An adapter that connects an intelligent
device to a network. Usually called a network
interface card, or Ethernet NIC. cf. Ethernet
adapter, NIC"
Network Address Authority (NAA)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"NAA is a 4-bit field used to identify the
controlling authority for guaranteeing
uniqueness of WW Names. In a Fibre Channel
environment, several Naming Authorities can
be active at the same time, therefore Fibre
Channel prepends the NAA field to World Wide
Names to guarantee global uniqueness. An NAA
=1, for example, indicates IEEE 48-bit
Identifiers. The NAA also identifies one of
several WWN formats, for example Format 1,
Format 2 and Format 5."
Network attached storageCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
147
语境【网络】【存储系统】
1.一个描述连接到网络并能够为计算机
系统提供文件访问服务的存储单元的术语。
缩写为NAS。NAS存储单元由一个能够提供
文件服务的引擎和一个或多个存储数据的设
备组成。NAS存储单元能够附接到任何类型
的网络上。当NAS被附接到SAN网络上时,
NAS 存储单元可以看作是存储单元的 SAS
类的成员。
2.NAS也指一类能够向主机提供文件服
务的系统。使用网络附接存储的主机系统使
用文件访问协议(例如 NFS 或者 CIFS)通
过文件系统设备驱动(file system device
driver)来访问数据。NAS 系统对文件访问
命令进行解释,并运行必要的内部文件和设
备 I/O 操作来完成命令的执行。另请参考:
storage area network。
Network backup(网络备份)语境【数据恢复】
一种把数据从LAN复制到备份服务器
上的备份方法。
Network Data ManagementProtocol(网络数据管理协议)
语境【备份】
一种支持智能设备(存储数据的设备)、
磁带库设备以及备份应用程序之间互相通信
以完成备份过程的通信协议。缩写为
NDMP。
也是一种基于网络的 NAS 设备备份开
放标准协议。NDMP允许网络备份应用程序
在不需要第三方软件支持的条件下对从服务
器取数据以及服务器备份的过程进行控制。
备份和恢复的控制和数据传输组件是相互独
立的。NDMP是为支持磁带设备而设计的,
但是将来会扩展到寻址其他设备和介质。网
络数据管理任务组(N e t w o r k D a t a
Management Task Force)的官方网站是http:/
System】
"1. A term used to refer to storage elements
that connect to a network and provide file access
services to computer systems. Abbreviated NAS.
A NAS Storage Element consists of an engine,
which implements the file services, and one or
more devices, on which data is stored. NAS
elements may be attached to any type of network.
When attached to SANs, NAS elements may be
considered to be members of the SAS class of
storage elements."
2. A class of systems that provide file
services to host computers. A host system that
uses network attached storage uses a file system
device driver to access data using file access
protocols such as NFS or CIFS. NAS systems
interpret these commands and perform the
internal file and device I/O operations necessary
to execute them. cf. storage area network.
Network backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A backup methodology that copies data
over a LAN to a Backup Server.
Network Data ManagementProtocol
CONTEXT 【Backup】
"A communications protocol that allows
intelligent devices on which data is stored, robotic
library devices, and backup applications to
intercommunicate for the purpose of performing
backups. Abbreviated NDMP."
" An open standard protocol for network-
based backup of NAS devices. Abbreviated
NDMP. NDMP allows a network backup
application to control the retrieval of data from,
and backup of, a server without third-party
software. The control and data transfer
components of backup and restore are separated.
NDMP is intended to support tape drives, but
148
/www.ndmp.org。
Network File System (protocol)(网络文件系统协议)
语境【文件系统】
一种分布式文件系统以及与其相关的网
络协议集合,缩写为NFS,最初由SUN微系
统计算机公司提出,一般在UNIX系统中使
用,但是大多数的其他计算机系统也实现了
NFS客户端和(或者)服务器功能。IETF组
织负责 NFS标准的制定工作。
network interface card(网卡)
语境【网络】
“一种将计算机或者其他类型节点连接
到网络上的I/O适配器。缩写为NIC。NIC通
常是一个电路模块,但是有时候,NIC 的术
语也用来表示计算机主板上的执行网络 I/O
适配器功能的一个ASIC或者ASIC集合。在
以太网或者令牌环语境中经常广泛地使用到
NIC的术语。在Fibre Channel语境中,适配
器和 NIC 的术语常用来表示主机总线适配
器。另请参考: adapter, host bus adapter, I/O
adapter。”
NFS语境【文件系统】【存储系统】
网络文件系统(Network File System)的
缩写。
NIC语境【网络】
网卡(Network Interface Card)的缩写。
NIST语境【安全】
can be extended to address other devices and
media in the future. The Network Data
Management Task Force has a web site at http:/
/www.ndmp.org."
Network File System (protocol)CONTEXT 【File System
"A distributed file system and its associated
network protocol originally developed by Sun
Microsystem Computer Corporation and
commonly implemented in UNIX systems,
although most other computer systems have
implemented NFS clients and/or servers.
Abbreviated NFS. The IETF is responsible for
the NFS standard."
network interface cardCONTEXT 【Network】
"An I/O adapter that connects a computer
or other type of node to a network. Abbreviated
NIC. A NIC is usually a circuit module, however,
the term is sometimes used to denote an ASIC or
set of ASICs on a computer system board that
perform the network I/O adapter function. The
term NIC is universally used in Ethernet and
token ring contexts. In Fibre Channel contexts,
the terms adapter and NIC are used in preference
to host bus adapter. cf. adapter, host bus adapter,
I/O adapter"
NFSCONTEXT 【File System】 【Storage
System】
Acronym for Network File System.
NICCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Network Interface Card.
NISTCONTEXT 【Security】
149
美国国家标准与技术协会(National
Institute of Standards and Technology)的缩
写。
NL_Port语境【Fibre Channel】
"Node Loop是一种仲裁环路功能和协议
的特殊端口类型。NL_Port 通过仲裁环路与
其它 NL_Port 或最多一个 FL_Port 相连。
NL_Port负责与相连接的系统之间双向的创
建、检测和传输消息单元。NL_Ports是通过
光纤的虚拟点到点链路的终端,例如 , 通过
光纤通道交互机,NL_Port 先与 FL_Port 相
连,而该FL_Port通过交换机练到F_Port,进
而连接到另一个终端的 N_Port. 当没有光纤
交互机的 FL_Port时,NL_Port能够在虚拟
点到点的链路中通过 FC_AL开放环路与其
它NL_Ports通讯,通常时通过FC_AL(仲裁
环路)集线器或环路交换设备。"
Node(节点)
语境【网络】【存储系统】
一种连接到 I/O总线或者网络上的可编
址实体。通常指计算机、存储设备和存储子
系统。将节点连接到总线或者网络上的部件
称为端口。
Node name(节点名字)
节点的名字标识符。
normal operation/normal mode(正常运转 / 正常模式)
系统的一种状态,在正常运转状态下,
系统在其规定的运行范围内正常工作。例
如,在磁盘阵列子系统处于正常运转状态的
Acronym for National Institute of Standards
and Technology
NL_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A “Node Loop” port is capable of
arbitrated loop functions and protocols. An
NL_Port connects via an arbitrated loop to other
NL_Ports and at most a single FL_Port. .
NL_Ports handle creation, detection, and flow
of message units to and from the connected
systems. NL_Ports are end ports in virtual
point-to-point links through a fabric, for example
the NL_Port on an end node to FL_Port on a
switch to the F_Port in that switch to the N_Port
on the other end node using a single Fibre
Channel fabric switch. In the absence of a fabric
switch FL_Port, NL_Ports can communicate
with other NL_Ports in virtual point-to-point
links through a FC_AL open loop circuit often
through FC_AL (Arbitrated Loop) hub or loop
switch devices. "
NodeCONTEXT 【Network】 【Storage
System】
"An addressable entity connected to an I/O
bus or network. Used primarily to refer to
computers, storage devices, and storage
subsystems. The component of a node that
connects to the bus or network is a port."
Node nameA Name_Identifier associated with a node.
normal operation/normal mode"A state of a system in which the system is
functioning within its prescribed operational
bounds. For example, when a disk array
subsystem is operating in normal mode, all disks
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时候,所有的磁盘都处于活跃状态,系统也
没有执行任何特殊的动作,同时各种环境参
数都处于正常范围内。正常运转状态有时候
也称为理想模式。
Non-erasable Content(不可擦除
内容)
语境【信息生命周期】
在保持策略中规定不可删除的内容。
Non-linear mapping(非线性映
射)
语境【存储系统】
“一种表映射类型,在非线性映射中,两
个映射的地址空间之间没有固定大小的对应
关系。对于压缩数据的磁盘阵列而言,非线
性映射是必需的,这是因为存储给定范围的
虚拟磁盘块所需的空间依赖于这些磁盘块能
够压缩的程度,并且所需空间随着磁盘块的
容量不同而变化。另请参考: algorithmic
mapping, dynamic mapping, tabular mapping。”
Non-OFC (laser)语境【Fibre Channel】
一种激光收发器,其较低强度的输出信
号不需要特定的 OFC 机制。
Non-repeating ordered set(非重
复有序集)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由FC-2层传递给FC-1层的具有非幂等
语义(也就是说该集合不能被重复传输)的
有序集。
Nonrepudiation(不可否认 / 抗抵
赖)
语境【安全】
使得主体不能否认其已经执行过的动作
的确认机制。对于通信双方而言,认可包括
are up, no extraordinary actions (e.g.,
reconstruction) are being performed, and
environmental conditions are within operational
range. Sometimes called optimal mode."
Non-erasable ContentCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
Content that cannot be deleted in
accordance with a retention policy.
Non-linear mappingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Any form of tabular mapping in which
there is not a fixed size correspondence between
the two mapped address spaces. Non-linear
mapping is required in disk arrays that compress
data, since the space required to store a given
range of virtual blocks depends on the degree to
which the contents of those blocks can be
compressed, and therefore changes as block
contents change. cf. algorithmic mapping,
dynamic mapping, tabular mapping"
Non-OFC (laser)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A laser transceiver whose lower-intensity
output does not require special OFC mechanisms.
Non-repeating ordered setCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An ordered set passed by FC-2 to FC-1 for
transmission which has non-idempotent
semantics, i.e., it cannot be retransmitted."
NonrepudiationCONTEXT 【Security】
"Assurance that a subject cannot later deny
hav ing pe r fo rmed some ac t ion . For
communication, this may involve providing the
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向数据发送方提供传输证据以及向接收方提
供发送方标识证据的过程,在经过认可之
后,无论接收方还是发送方都不能否认其参
与了本次通信的事实。数字签名经常被作为
一种认可机制来使用,因为在数字签名技术
中,所存储的信息都与一个时间戳绑定。
Non-transparent failover(非透明
故障接管)
可以被外部(如用户)察觉到的冗余系
统从一个组件切换到另一个组件之间的故障
接管过程。例如,在冗余磁盘子系统中,如
果还在正常工作的控制器以不同的主机 I/O
总线地址或者不同的主机 I/O总线向外部主
机提供故障控制器的虚拟磁盘,那么这种控
制器故障接管就是一种非透明故障接管。另
请参考: transparent failover。
Non-Uniform Memory Architecture(非统一存储访问结构)
一种计算机体系结构技术,在这种体系
结构中,多个处理机共享存储器,但是各处
理机访问不同位置的存储器的访问速度不
同。缩写为 NUMA。
non-volati le random accessmemory(非易失性随机访问存储器)
计算机系统随机访问存储器,在这种存
储器中不会因为电力故障(UPS或电池发生
故障)、亦或闪存形式的技术实现而发生数
据丢失的情况。。缩写为 NVRAM。
Non-volatility(非易失性)
数据的一种属性。非易失性指数据即使
在不满足特定环境条件的情况下也能够得到
保存的属性。非易失性用来描述存储在磁盘
或者磁带上的数据。即使切断这些设备的电
源,存储在其上的数据也能够得到保存。
sender of data with proof of delivery and the
recipient with proof of the sender's identity, so
neither can later deny having participated in the
communication. Digital signatures are often used
as a non-repudiation mechanism for stored
information in combination with timestamps."
Non-transparent failover"A failover from one component of a
redundant system to another that is visible to the
external environment. For example, a controller
failover in a redundant disk subsystem is non-
transparent if the surviving controller exports
the other’s virtual disks at different host I/O
bus addresses or on a different host I/O bus. cf.
transparent failover."
Non-Uniform Memory Architecture"A computer architecture that enables
memory to be shared by multiple processors,
with different processors having different access
speeds to different parts of the memory.
Abbreviated NUMA."
non-volati le random accessmemory
"Computer system random access memory
that has been made impervious to data loss due
to power failure through the use of UPS, batteries,
or implementation technology such as flash
memory. Abbreviated NVRAM."
Non-volatility"A property of data. Non-volatility refers
to the property that data will be preserved, even
if certain environmental conditions are not met.
Used to describe data stored on disks or tapes. If
electrical power to these devices is cut, data
stored on them is nonetheless preserved."
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Not operational (receiver ortransmitter)(接收器或者发送器的非
工作状态)
语境【Fibre Channel】
接收器或者发送器不能接收或者发送基
于 FC-PH 中所定义的错误控制规则的经过
编码的比特流的状态。例如,在初始化期间,
FC-1层处于非工作状态。
NPIV语境【Fibre Channel】
N_Port_ID Virtualization的缩写。
NUMA非统一存储访问结构(Non-Uniform
Memory Architecture)的缩写。
NVRAM非易失性随机访问存储器(N o n -
Volatile Random Access Memory)的缩写。
NVRAM cache用作缓存的NVRAM部分。在RAID 阵
列子系统、filer、数据库服务器以及其他智
能设备中,由于必须对多步 I/O 操作的状态
进行跟踪(甚至在多步操作执行中突然发生
电源故障的时候),NVRAM 缓存就显得特
别重要。
NVRAM card(NVRAM 卡)
一块包含 NVRAM 的印刷电路模块。
OObject(对象)
语境【安全】
在谈到访问控制时,对象是指对它的访
问和 / 或者对它的使用被控制和限制给被授
权实体。信息系统就是一个对象的例子。
Not operational (receiver ortransmitter)
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A receiver or transmitter that is not capable
of receiving or transmitting an encoded bit stream
based on rules defined by FC-PH for error
control. For example, FC-1 is not operational
during initialization."
NPIVCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for N_Port_ID Virtualization.
NUMAAcronym for Non-Uniform Memory
Architecture.
NVRAMAcronym for Non-Volatile Random Access
Memory.
NVRAM cache"A quantity of NVRAM used as a cache.
NVRAM cache is particularly useful in RAID
array subsystems, filers, database servers, and
other intelligent devices that must keep track of
the state of multi-step I/O operations even if
power fails during the execution of the steps."
NVRAM cardA printed circuit module containing
NVRAM.
ObjectCONTEXT 【Security】
"In the context of access control, an entity
to which access is controlled and/or usage of
which is restricted to authorized subjects.
Information system resources are often examples
of objects."
153
Object oriented (methodology)(面向对象的方法)
根据实体或者问题内的关键抽象点(而
非根据过程或者步骤)来分解实体或者问题
的方法学。在信息或者数据模型中,关键抽
象点就是类,并且包含了一些仔细定义的
(well-defined)行为(称为方法),同时还包
括一个惟一的数据属性集。类的实例称为对
象。缩写为 OO。
OC-n语境【网络】
基准 SONET数据传输率(51.84 Mbits/
sec)的 n 倍。OC-3 (155 Mbits/sec)、OC-
12 (622 Mbits/sec)、 OC-48 (2488 Mbits/
sec)和 OC-192 (9953 Mbits/sec是目前使
用最多的几种数据传输率。另请参考:
Asynchronous Transfer Mode。
OFC语境【Fibre Channel】
开放式光纤控制(Open Fibre Control)
的缩写。
Offline backup(离线备份)
语境【数据恢复】
一种备份方法,在离线备份中,正在备
份的数据在备份过程中不能被应用程序访
问。
Online backup(在线备份)
语境【数据回复】
一种备份方法,在在线备份中,正在备
份的数据在备份过程中仍然可以被应用程序
访问。数据集合的在线备份通常是使用数据
的冷映像(frozen image)来完成。
OO面向对象(object oriented)的缩写。
Object oriented (methodology)"A methodology for decomposing an entity
or problem by its key abstractions, versus by its
procedures or steps. The key abstractions become
classes in an information or data model, and
embody well-defined behaviors called methods,
with a unique set of data attributes. Instances of
a class are called objects. Abbreviated OO."
OC-nCONTEXT 【Network】
"A data rate that is a multiple of the
fundamental SONET rate of 51.84 Mbits/sec.
OC-3 (155 Mbits/sec), OC-12 (622 Mbits/sec),
OC-48 (2488 Mbits/sec) and OC-192 (9953
Mbits/sec) are currently in common use. cf.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode."
OFCCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Open Fibre Control.
Offline backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A form of backup in which the data being
backed up is not accessed by applications for the
duration of the backup.
Online backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A form of backup in which the data being
backed up may be accessed by applications
during the backup. Online backup of a set of data
is usually accomplished through the use of a
frozen image of the data.
OOAcronym for object oriented.
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Open(开放)
语境【通用】【Fibre Channel】
1.【通用】任何以积极向大众开放的标
准(而非某个体私有的规范)来管理其功能
的系统或者部分系统。
2.【Fibre Channel】从序列或者交换被
初始化开始到序列或者交换终结(正常或者
非正常终结)之间的时间段。
3.【通用】非电力原因的中断,比如被
拔掉的电缆。
Open fibre control(开放光纤控
制)
一种安全互锁系统,该系统在光缆未连
接处将光源的功率限制在安全范围内(不损
伤人眼)。
the Open Group(开放组织)
一个关于开放式系统标准及其认证的泛
行业团体。Unix管理和安全标准都是由开放
组织设计并开发的。开放组织的官方网站是
www.opengroup.org。
Open interconnect(开放式互联)
标准互联(standard interconnect)的同
义词。
Operating environment(操作环
境)
计算机系统的硬件结构和操作系统的合
称。
Operation(操作)
语境【Fibre Channel】
为高层协议将一个或者多个可能是并发
的交换封装成一个单一的抽象的FC-2结构。
OpenCONTEXT 【General】 【Fibre Channel】
1.【General】 Any system or aspect of a
system whose function is governed by a readily
accessible standard rather than by a privately
owned specification.
2.【Fibre Channel】 A period of time that
begins when a sequence or exchange is initiated
and ends when the sequence or exchange is
normally or abnormally terminated.
"3.【General】 Not electrically terminated,
as an unplugged cable. "
Open fibre controlA safety interlock system that limits the
optical power level on an open optical fibre
cable.
"Open Group, the ""A cross-industry consortium for open
systems standards and their certification. Unix,
management and security standards are
developed within the Open Group. The Open
Group's web site is at www.opengroup.org."
Open interconnectSynonym for standard interconnect.
Operating environmentA collective term for the hardware
architecture and operating system of a computer
system.
OperationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An FC-2 construct that encapsulates one or
more possibly concurrent exchanges into a single
abstraction for higher level protocols.
155
Operation_Associator语境【Fibre Channel】
在 Association_Header中,用以标识某
个节点的特定操作以及与该操作相关的通信
过程的值。Operation_Associator是某个通信
节点引用另一个给定节点操作的句柄。
Operation_Associator是对发起者和响应者的
Operation_Associator 的统称。
Operational (state)(可操作状态)
语境【Fibre Channel】
接收器或者发送器的一种状态,指能够
按照 FC-PH 中所规定的错误控制规则接收
或者发送的编码位流的状态。能够从发送器
接收信号的接收器如果要求一个laser safety
的步骤,那么在加电之后并非处于可操作状
态,直到附接到接收器的光纤上一直为此一
个比完成 laser safety需时更长的信号为止。
Operational Recovery(操作恢
复)
CONTEXT 【数据恢复】
当出现数据库破坏、用户错误操作、硬
件故障等操作问题时,对一个或多个应用程
序和相关数据进行恢复。可能通过定时备份
或其它技术创建一致的恢复数据。简称为
OR.
Optical fall time(光衰减时间)
光信号衰减到规定强度所需的时间间
隔。对于激光而言,衰减过程一般是指从激
光信号强度的80%降低到20%的过程。对于
LED介质而言,这个衰减区间就是 90% 和
10%之间。
Operation_AssociatorCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A value used in the Association_Header to
identify a specific operation within a node and
correlate communicating processes related to
that operation. The Operation_Associator is a
handle by which an operation within a given
node is referred to by another communicating
Node. Operation_Associator is a generic
reference to Originator Operation_Associator
and Responder Operation_Associator.
Operational (state)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The state of a receiver or transmitter that is
capable of receiving or transmitting an encoded
bit stream based on the rules defined by FC-PH
for error control. Those receivers capable of
accepting signals from transmitters requiring
laser safety procedures are not considered
operational after power on until a signal of a
duration longer than that associated with laser
safety procedures is present at the fibre attached
to the receiver.
Operational RecoveryCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"Recovery of one or more applications and
associated data to correct operational problems
such as a corrupt database, user error or hardware
failure. May use point in time copy or other
techniques to create a consistent set of
recoverable data. Acronym OR."
Optical fall timeThe time interval required for the falling
edge of an optical pulse to transition between
specified percentages of the signal amplitude.
For lasers the transitions are measured between
the 80% and 20% points. For LED media the
specification points are 90% and 10%.
156
Optional (characteristic)(可选特
性)
语境【标准】
标准中不需要必须遵守的规定。但是,
如果要实现标准的可选特性,那么就必须遵
守标准中的相关定义进行。
OR语境【数据恢复】
Operational Recovery 的缩写 .
Ordered set(有序集)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种特殊的传输字(4个10位码字节序
列),在这种传输字的最左端(开始位置)有
一个特殊字符,其他的三个位置都是数据字
符。有序集由特定的代码和数据字节的组合
来表示,这些字节在编码后即生成该有序集
的传输字符。有序集用以提供低级 Fibre
Channel 链路功能,诸如帧划界、链路结束
的信号、加电之后的初始化以及一些基本恢
复动作等。
Originator(发起者)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在谈判或交换中启动一个谈判或交换的
一方。
Originator Exchange_Identifier(发起者交换标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由发起者指派的、标识交换的标识符。缩
写为OX_ID。OX_ID只对其发起者有意义。
Overwrite procedure(重写过程)
语境【安全】
为永久删除数据,在已经记录数据的磁
Optional (characteristic)CONTEXT 【Standards】
"Characteristics of a standard that are
specified by the standard but not required for
compliance. If an optional characteristic of a
standard is implemented, it must be implemented
as defined in in the standard."
ORCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for Operational Recovery.
Ordered setCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A transmission word (sequence of four
10-bit code bytes) with a special character in its
first (leftmost) position and data characters in
the remaining three positions. An ordered set is
represented by the combination of special codes
and data bytes which, when encoded, result in
the generation of the transmission characters
specified for the ordered set. Ordered sets are
used for low-level Fibre Channel link functions
such as frame demarcation, signaling between
the ends of a link, initialization after power on,
and some basic recovery actions."
OriginatorCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
In a negotiation or exchange the party that
initiates the negotiation or exchange.
Originator Exchange_IdentifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An identifier assigned by an originator to
identify an exchange. Abbreviated OX_ID. An
OX_ID is meaningful only to its originator.
Overwrite procedureCONTEXT 【Security】
The process of writing patterns of data on
157
介质上再写入其他样式数据的过程。
Out-of-band (transmission)(带外
传输)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel网络之外(主要在以太网
之上)传输的 Fibre Channel 组件的管理信
息。
Out-of-band virtualization(带外
虚拟化)
数据通路之外的虚拟化功能或服务。例
如,与元数据相关的功能、数据或者存储的
管理、安全管理以及数据备份等都是带外虚
拟化的例子。
OX_ID语境【Fibre Channel】
发起者 Exchange_Identifier(Originator
Exchange_Identifier)的缩写。
PPanic(混乱)
一种描述软件程序对于不可理解状态的
反应的口语化术语。在操作系统语境中,
panic 通常是一个系统调用或者异常状态,
系统调用或者异常状态将导致系统突然停止
正在执行的工作,进而转向消除导致混乱出
现的因素(这些因素如果不处理,将会对系
统、应用或者数据造成损失)。
Parallel access array(并行访问
阵列)
语境【存储系统】
一种磁盘阵列模型,在这种阵列模型
中,数据传输和数据保护算法假定所有的成
员磁盘的运转都很一致,每个都参与到了每
个应用 I/O 请求操作的执行中。并行访问阵
列每次只能执行一个 I/O 请求。真正的并行
top of the data stored on a magnetic medium for
the purpose of obliterating the data.
Out-of-band (transmission)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"Transmission of management information
for Fibre Channel components outside of the
Fibre Channel network, typically over Ethernet."
Out-of-band virtualization"Virtualization functions or services that
are not in the data path. Examples are functions
related to meta data, the management of data or
storage, security management, backup of data,
etc."
OX_IDCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A c r o n y m f o r O r i g i n a t o r
Exchange_Identifier.
Panic"Colloquial term describing a software
program’s reaction to an incomprehensible
state. In an operating system context, a panic is
usually a system call or unexpected state that
causes the system to abruptly stop executing so
as eliminate the possibility that the cause of the
panic will cause further damage to the system,
applications, or data."
Parallel access arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A disk array model in which data transfer
and data protection algorithms assume that all
member disks operate in unison, with each
participating in the execution of every application
I/O request. A parallel access array is only
capable of executing one I/O request at a time.
158
访问需要阵列的磁盘盘片同步旋转。在实际
的实现中,阵列都采用近似并行访问的方
式。理想的 RAID 2 和 RAID 3 阵列都是并
行访问阵列。另请参考: independent access
array。
Parallel (transmission)(并行传
输)
多个数据位在多条物理线路上同时传输
的过程。
Parity data(奇偶校验数据) 语境【存储系统】
在RAID阵列中,存储在成员盘上的用
于更新被损坏的用户数据。
Parity disk(奇偶校验磁盘)
语境【存储系统】
RAID 3和RAID 4阵列中存储奇偶校验
数据的专用磁盘。
Parity RAID(奇偶校验RAID)
语境【存储系统】
伯克利 RAID 3、RAID 4和 RAID 5 阵
列的统称。
Parity RAID array(奇偶校验
RAID阵列)
语境【存储系统】
一种RAID阵列类型,该类型的阵列的
数据保护机制是伯克利RAID 3、RAID 4和
RAID 5阵列中所使用的技术。
Partition(分区)
语境【存储系统】
关于物理磁盘或者虚拟磁盘的容量的划
分。分区是一个能够被MS-DOS、Windows
以及大多数的UNIX操作系统识别的连续的
True parallel access would require that an array's
disks be rotationally synchronized. In actual
practice, arrays approximate parallel access
behavior. Ideal RAID Level 2 and RAID Level
3 arrays are parallel access arrays. cf. independent
access array"
Parallel (transmission)Simultaneous transmission of multiple data
bits over multiple physical lines.
Parity dataCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"In a RAID array, data stored on member
disks that can be used for regenerating any user
data that becomes inaccessible."
Parity diskCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"In a RAID Level 3 or 4 array, a dedicated
disk on which the parity check data is stored
parity."
Parity RAIDCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A collective term used to refer to Berkeley
RAID Levels 3, 4, and 5."
Parity RAID arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A RAID array whose data protection
mechanism is one of Berkeley RAID Levels 3,
4, or 5."
PartitionCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A subdivision of the capacity of a physical
or virtual disk. Partitions are consecutively
numbered ranges of blocks that are recognized
159
块区域。分区是用于配置阵列的盘区类型的
同义词。分区是能够被操作系统通过分区的
类型和子类型域而识别出的物理介质上的一
个连续编址的逻辑块区间。分区的类型和子
类型域记录在物理介质上,因此,分区是可
以自识别的(self-identifying)。
Partitioning(分区)
语境【存储系统】
“1.对于物理或虚拟磁盘容量的化分。
分区是被 MS-DOS, Windows, 和大部分
UNIX 操作系统识别的连续扇区。”
2.与配置磁盘阵列中的 extent 同义
3.一系列能被操作系统通过分区类型和
子类型领域识别的在物理媒介上的连续地址
逻辑扇区。一个分区的类型和子类型领域被
记录在物理媒体上,所以能保证分区的自识
别。
Passive copper(无源铜缆)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种廉价的Fibre Channel连接,能够支
持最长达 13 米长的铜缆连接。
Passphrase语境【安全】
一个字符序列,该字符序列的长度比允
许的密码长度要长,该字符序列会被密码系
统转换成一个长度允许的虚拟密码。
Password(密码)
语境【安全】
一个受保护的私有的既含数字又含字母
by MS-DOS, Windows, and most UNIX
operating systems. Synonym for the type of
extent used to configure arrays. A contiguously
addressed range of logical blocks on a physical
media that is identifiable by an operating system
via the partition's type and subtype fields. A
partition's type and subtype fields are recorded
on the physical media and hence make the
partition self-identifying. "
PartitioningCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"1.A subdivision of the capacity of a
physical or virtual disk. Partitions are
consecutively numbered ranges of blocks that
are recognized by MS-DOS, Windows, and
most UNIX operating systems."
2. Synonym for the type of extent used to
configure arrays.
3.A contiguously addressed range of logical
blocks on a physical media that is identifiable by
an operating system via the partition's type and
subtype fields. A partition's type and subtype
fields are recorded on the physical media and
hence make the partition self-identifying.
Passive copperCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A low-cost Fibre Channel connection that
allows up to 13 meter copper cable lengths.
PassphraseCONTEXT 【Security】
A sequence of characters longer than the
acceptable length of a password that is
transformed by a password system into a virtual
password of acceptable length.
PasswordCONTEXT 【Security】
A protected private alphanumeric string
160
的字符串,通常用于鉴别用户标识或者批准
用户对数据进行访问的请求。
Path(路径)
1.主机到存储设备的访问通路。
2.用于定位文件系统中文件位置的设
备地址和文件系统目录。
3.任何支持互联中的两个设备进行通
信的路由。
4.执行给定功能(例如 I/O 请求操作)
的计算机指令序列。
Path length(路径长度)
语境【通用】【备份】【文件系统】
1.【通用】计算机执行特定动作(例如
I/O 请求操作)所需的指令数(一种不精确
的时间度量方法)。
2.【备份】【文件系统】路径名中的字符
数。
Path name(路径名)
语境【文件系统】
一个完整的嵌套子目录列表,通过该目
录列表可以找到相应的文件。
Payload(有效负载)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
通信帧或者报文中数据字段的内容。在
Fibre Channel中,如果数据帧或者报文中包
含帧头或者报头以及填充字节等可选信息,
那么这些信息不包括在有效负载之内。
PB/PBytepetabyte(10的15次幂个字节)的缩写。
used to authenticate an identity or to authorize
access to data.
Path1.The access path from a host computer
to a storage device
2.The combination of device address and
file system directory elements used to locate a
file within a file system
3.Any route through an interconnect that
allows two devices to communicate
"4.A sequence of computer instructions
that performs a given function, such as I/O
request execution. "
Path lengthCONTEXT 【General】 【Backup】 【File
System】
"1.【General】 The number of instructions
(a rough measure of the amount of time) required
by a computer to perform a specific activity,
such as I/O request execution. "
2.【Backup】 【File System】 The number
of characters in a path name.
Path nameCONTEXT 【File System
The complete list of nested sub-directories
through which a file is reached.
PayloadCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
"Contents of the data f ie ld of a
communications frame or packet. In Fibre
Channel, the payload excludes optional headers
and fill bytes, if they are present."
PB/PByteAcronym for petabyte (10^15 bytes).
161
PBC语境【Fibre Channel】
端口旁路电路(Port Bypass Circuit)的
缩写。
PCI外 围 设 备 互 联 / 周 边 组 件 扩 展
(Peripheral Component Interconnect)的缩写。
PDC语境【Windows】
主域控制器(P r i m a r y D o m a i n
Controller)的缩写。
PDU语境 【网络】【iSCSI】
Protocol Data Unit(数据单元协议) 的
缩写。
Peer语境【存储系统】
在数据复制语境中,两个内容相同但物
理分开的系统。例如,用户数据从本地系统
拷贝到远程系统时,远程系统可以认为是本
地系统的”peer”,反之亦然。
Pcnfsd一个支持个人电脑通过 NFS 协议访问
文件系统的守护程序。
Penetration(穿透)
语境【安全】
能够绕开系统的安全机制的一种未经授
权的旁路技术。
P e r i p h e r a l C o m p o n e n tInterconnect(外围设备互联)
一种将接口模块连接到计算机系统上的
PBCCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Port Bypass Circuit.
PCIAcronym for Peripheral Component
Interconnect.
PDCCONTEXT 【Windows】
Acronym for Primary Domain Controller.
PDUCONTEXT 【Network】 【iSCSI】
Acronym for Protocol Data Unit.
PeerCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"In the context of data replication, one of
two complimentary but physically separate
systems. For example, user data is copied from
a local system to a remote system; the remote
system is considered the “peer” of the local
system, and visa-versa."
PcnfsdA daemon that permits personal computers
to access file systems accessed through the NFS
protocol.
PenetrationCONTEXT 【Security】
An unauthorized bypassing of the security
mechanisms of a system.
P e r i p h e r a l C o m p o n e n tInterconnect
"A bus for connecting interface modules to
162
总线。缩写为PCI。PCI能够支持32位和 64
位宽度的并行数据传输(以33MHz和66MHz
的时钟频率进行)。Compaq、HP 和 IBM 公
司联合提出了一种时钟频率达到133MHz的
PCIX 总线类型。
Persistence(持久性)
非易失性的同义词。通常用来区别
DRAM中保存的数据和元数据,这些数据在
系统掉电的时候会丢失。但是保存在非易失
性存储器(磁盘、磁带、带电池的DRAM等)
中的数据就会保存下来,或者说在掉电的时
候能够得到保持。
Physical configuration(物理配
置)
“磁盘、电缆、HBA以及其他系统或者
子系统所需组件的安装、卸载或者重新安装
过程。物理配置一般包括分配地址(例如PCI
插槽号、SCSI目标 ID以及逻辑单元号)等
工作。另请参考: array configuration,
configuration。”
Physical block(物理块)
语境【存储设备】
记录介质上的存储数据的物理区域。物
理块与逻辑或虚拟磁盘块的区别在于:后者
一般是存储设备向操作环境提供的视图。
Physical block address(物理块
地址)
物理磁盘块的地址。即一个数字,通过
一定的算法可以将这个数字转换成存储介质
上的物理位置。
Physical disk(物理磁盘)
语境【存储系统】【操作系统】
1.【存储系统】也就是磁盘。物理磁盘
a computer system. Abbreviated PCI. Variations
of PCI support 32 and 64 bit parallel data transfers
at 33 and 66 MHz cycle times. A 133 MHz PCIX
has been proposed by Compaq, HP, and IBM."
Persistence"Synonym for non-volatility. Usually used
to distinguish between data and metadata held in
DRAM, which is lost when electrical power is
lost, and data held on non-volatile storage (disk,
tape, battery-backed DRAM, etc.) that survives,
or persists across power outages."
Physical configuration"The installation, removal, or re-installation
of disks, cables, HBAs, and other components
required for a system or subsystem to function.
Physical configuration is typically understood
to include address assignments, such as PCI slot
number, SCSI target ID and Logical Unit
Number, etc. cf . array configuration,
configuration."
Physical blockCONTEXT 【Storage Device
A physical area on a recording media at
which data is stored. Distinguished from the
logical and virtual block views typically
presented to the operating environment by
storage devices.
Physical block addressThe address of a physical block. A number
that can be algorithmically converted to a
physical location on storage media.
Physical diskC O N T E X T 【S t o r a g e S y s t e m】
【Operating System】
163
的概念用以强调与虚拟磁盘的区别。
2.【操作系统】主机操作系统所看到的
在线存储设备的视图。
Physical extent(物理盘区)
语境【存储系统】
物理磁盘上的大量连续编址的磁盘块总
和。物理盘区是由控制软件创建的,并且是
创建冗余组和卷集的基本构建单元。ANSI
将物理区域称为 p_extent。
Physical extent block number(物
理盘区块号)
语境【存储系统】
物理盘区内的磁盘块的相对位置。物理
盘区块号用以开发被条带化的RAID阵列中
的高级结构数据映射,并非是为应用程序和
数据编址的目的而设计。
PKI语境【安全】
公钥基础结构(public key infrastructure)
的缩写。
Plaintext(明文)
语境【安全】
未经加密的信息。
PLDA语境【Fibre Channel】
专用环路直接附接(Private Loop Direct
Attach)的缩写。
PLOGI语境【Fibre Channel】
端口登录(port login)的缩写。
Point in time copy(时间点拷贝)
语境【备份】
一种关于指定数据集合的完全可用拷
1.【Storage System】 A disk. Used to
emphasize a contrast with virtual disks.
2.【Operating System】 A host operating
system's view of an online storage device.
Physical extentCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A number of consecutively addressed
blocks on a physical disk. Physical extents are
created by control software as building blocks
from which redundancy groups and volume sets
are created. Called p_extent by ANSI.
Physical extent block numberCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The relative position of a block within a
physical extent. Physical extent block numbers
are used to develop higher-level constructs in
RAID array striped data mapping, not for
application or data addressing."
PKICONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for public key infrastructure
PlaintextCONTEXT 【Security】
Unencrypted information.
PLDACONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Private Loop Direct Attach.
PLOGICONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for port login.
Point in time copyCONTEXT 【Backup】
"A fully usable copy of a defined collection
164
贝,包括数据在某个时间点的映像。该拷贝
被认为被逻辑发生在该时间点,但是在实现
中可能会在其他时间进行部分或全部的拷贝
工作(比如,通过数据库日志重演或回滚),
只要结果是数据在该时间点的一致性拷贝即
可。实现上可能将时间点拷贝限制成只读,
或者也可能允许对该拷贝进行写操作。存在
有三种时间点拷贝的实现:分离镜像(split
mirror)、改变块(changed block)和并发
(concurrent)。后两种在实现时通常使用指
针重映射(pointer remapping)和写时拷贝
(copy on write)技术。另请参考: snapshot
Pointer copy(指针拷贝)
语境【备份】
使用指针重映射技术实现的时间点拷
贝。
Pointer remapping(指针重映射)
语境【备份】
一种维持时间点拷贝的技术,其维持的
是指向所有源数据的指针和拷贝数据。当数
据被重写时,将会给更新过的数据选择一个
新的位置,同时指向该数据的指针也被重新
映射,指向更新后的数据。如果拷贝是只读
的,那么指向该数据的指针就根本不会被修
改。另请参考: copy on write。
Policy (from RFC3198)(策略)
策略可以从以下两个观点来定义:
一种引导和决定当前和将来决定的明确
的目标、过程或方法。策略在特定的语境中
执行或实现(例如商业单元中定义的策略)
策略是对网络资源的执行、管理和访问
控制【RFC3060】.
注意这两个观点并不矛盾,因为可能会
定义独立的规则以支持商业目标。(参看
of data that contains an image of the data as it
appeared at a single point in time. The copy is
considered to have logically occurred at that
point in time, but implementations may perform
part or all of the copy at other times (e.g., via
database log replay or rollback) as long as the
result is a consistent copy of the data as it
appeared at that point in time. Implementations
may restrict point in time copies to be read-only
or may permit subsequent writes to the copy.
Three important classes of point in time copies
are split mirror, changed block, and concurrent.
Pointer remapping and copy on write are
implementation techniques often used for the
latter two classes. cf. snapshot"
Pointer copyCONTEXT 【Backup】
A point in time copy made using the pointer
remapping technique.
Pointer remappingCONTEXT 【Backup】
"A technique for maintaining a point in
time copy in which pointers to all of the source
data and copy data are maintained. When data is
overwritten, a new location is chosen for the
updated data, and the pointer for that data is
remapped to point to it. If the copy is read-only,
pointers to its data are never modified. cf. copy
on write"
Policy (from RFC3198)"“Policy"" can be defined from two
perspectives:"
"A definite goal, course or method of action
to guide and determine present and future
decisions. ""Policies"" are implemented or
executed within a particular context (such as
policies defined within a business unit). "
"Policies as a set of rules to administer,
165
Policy goal (from RFC3198)策略
目标
语境【信息生命周期管理】
目标是策略系统想保持的客观或主观愿
望。作为策略的最高精髓,这些目标主要由
商业而不是技术词汇描述。例如,一个目标
可以把一个特定的网络应用操作规定为它自
己专有的网络,尽管它们使用共享的基础设
施。策略目标可以包含服务水平协议的目标
和对应用或个体的资源分配。可以创建一个
策略系统自动的通过对于目标(比如服务水
平)是否达到的反馈进行自动归档。
Policy processor(策略处理器)
在智能设备中,能够对设备的整体行为
进行调度的处理器。策略处理器功能或性能
的增强通常是通过额外的处理器、状态机或
者序列发生器来执行那些实现整体策略所必
需的低级功能而实现的。
Policy rule (from RFC3198)(策
略规则)
语境【信息生命周期管理】
一种基于策略系统的基础模块。它是把
一系列行为与条件的捆绑,其中评估条件以
决定是否执行行为【RF C3060】.
manage, and control access to network resources
【RFC3060】."
"Note that these two views are not
contradictory since individual rules may be
defined in support of business goals. (See also
""policy goal"", ""policy abstraction"" and
""policy rule"".)"
Policy goal (from RFC3198)CONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"Goals are the objectives or desired state
intended to be maintained by a policy system.
As the highest level of abstraction of policy,
these goals are most directly described in business
rather than technical terms. For example, a goal
might state that a particular application operate
on a network as though it had its own dedicated
network, despite using a shared infrastructure.
'Policy goals' can include the objectives of a
service level agreement, as well as the assignment
of resources to applications or individuals. A
policy system may be created that automatically
strives to achieve a goal through feedback
regarding whether the goal (such as a service
level) is being met."
Policy processor"In an intelligent device, the processor that
schedules the overall activities. Policy processors
are usually augmented by additional processors,
state machines, or sequencers that perform the
lower-level functions required to implement
overall policy."
Policy rule (from RFC3198)CONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
A basic building block of a policy-based
system. It is the binding of a set of actions to a
set of conditions - where the conditions are
166
Port(端口)
端口是从存储网络进入或退出的接口。
它可以是外部设备或者应用程序的连接点。
它可以是逻辑的、物理的或两者兼有。光纤
通道接口、网络协议包端口和 SCSI端口都
属于端口。
语境【Fibre Channel】
光纤通道端口提供到其它光纤通道端口
的物理访问接口。光纤通道接口包含在节点
中的传导器,接受器和分配逻辑。每个节点
中可能有多个端口。每个端口拥有唯一的
Port_ID,这是用来寻找路由的光纤通道地
址。每个端口由唯一的全球网络端口名
(WW Port Name)确定。端口用在主机总线
适配器(HBAs),存储适配器(SAs),路由器,
交换机,桥和网关等上。
" 光纤通道端口可以拥有许多不同的逻
辑操作模式,比如 N_Port, NL_Port, F_Port,
FL_Port, E_Port and B_Port。光纤通道服务
通过著名的光纤通道地址访问,例如 x ’
FFFFFC’目录 /名字服务器和x’FFFFFD’
的端口登陆服务器。它们与其它端口一样被
访问和赋予地址,也可以认为是逻辑的。"
语境【TCP/IP/Ethernet】
以太网通过介质访问控制(也作 MAC
地址)标识符来区别同一物理网络接口上连
接的两个逻辑通道。
因特网协议包中的传输控制协议(TCP)
和用户报文协议(UDP)使用逻辑端口作为通
讯终点,包括用户端的端口(应用需求源)
和服务端的服务访问著名端口。著名的服务
端端口包括:
evaluated to determine whether the actions are
performed 【RFC3060】.
Port"A port can be an entrance to or exit from
a storage network. It can be a connection point
for a peripheral device or an application program.
It can be logical, physical or both. Examples
include Fibre Channel Port, Internet Protocol
Suite Port and SCSI Port."
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A Fibre Channel port provides physical
interface attachment to other Fibre Channel
ports. A Fibre Channel port includes the
transmitter, receiver and associated logic at either
end of a link within a Node. There may be
multiple Ports per Node. Each Port is assigned
a unique Port_ID, which is the Fibre Channel
address used for routing. Each port is identified
by a unique World Wide Port Name (WW Port
Name) Ports can be implemented on Host Bus
Adapters (HBAs), Storage Adapters (SAs),
routers, switches, bridges, gateways, etc. "
"Fibre Channel ports may have many
different logical operating modes, such as
N_Port, NL_Port, F_Port, FL_Port, E_Port and
B_Port. Fibre Channel Services are accessed
using Fibre Channel Well-Known addresses,
for example the Directory/Name Server at x’
FFFFFC’ and the Fabric Port Login Server at x’
FFFFFD’. These are accessed and addressed
as other ports and can also be considered logical."
CONTEXT 【TCP/IP/Ethernet】
Ethernet uses Media Access Control
identifiers (commonly referred to as MAC
addresses) to distinguish between separate
logical channels connecting two ports on the
same physical transport network interface.
"The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) of the
Internet Protocol Suite use logical ports as
167
因特网小型计算机系统接口(iSCSI
3260)
" 文件传输协议(FTP Data 20, FTP
Control 21)"
简单邮件传输协议(SMTP 25)
超文本传输协议 (HTTP 80)
网络文件系统 (NFS - 2049)
语境【SCSI】
SCSI 总线物理端口提供允许设备连接
驱动和接受 SCSI并行总线的方法。
SCSI逻辑端口是SCSI初始端口或目标
端口;它是发起、处理SCSI命令(包括数据
传输)和分派管理任务的逻辑实体。例如,
SCSI初始端允许SCSI与服务器操作系统设
备驱动之间的往返操作流。SCSI目标端接口
允许LUN的访问,包括磁盘驱动或一系列的
LUN配置的访问,并通过存储控制器上的物
理目标端口进行执行。
Port_ID(端口 ID)
语境【Fibre Channel】
"为N_Port或NL_Port 端口指定的用于
结构路由的唯一的24 位地址。Port_ID 包括
8-bit Domain ID(一般的交换数),一个 8-bit
Area ID(一个端口或一组交换机端口)和一
个用于N_Ports和NL_Ports 的8-bit Device
ID(通常是0),以及用于分配Arbitrated Loop
Physical Address (ALPA)的回路启动器。在
光纤通道数据帧头中 Source, Port (S_ID)和
Destination Port的 Port_ID, (D_ID) 的Port_ID
用来寻找路由。"
communication endpoints, including client-side
user ports (source of application requests) and
server-side well-known ports for service access.
Examples of well-known server-side ports
include:"
Internet Small Computer Systems Interface
(iSCSI 3260)
"File Transfer Protocol (FTP Data 20,
FTP Control 21)"
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP
25)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP 80)
Network File System (NFS - 2049)
CONTEXT 【SCSI】
A SCSI Bus physical port provides a means
that allows a device to connect the drivers and
receivers to the SCSI parallel bus cable.
"A SCSI logical port is either a SCSI
initiator port or a SCSI target port; it is the
logical entity that originates or processes SCSI
commands (including data transfer) and task
management requests. For example, the SCSI
initiator port enables SCSI operations to flow to
and from a server operating system device driver.
The SCSI target port enables access to a LUN
giving access to a disc drive or access to a range
of LUNs configured and implemented through
the physical target port on a storage controller."
Port_IDCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A unique 24 bit address used for frame
routing and assigned to an N_Port or NL_Port.
The Port_ID hierarchic includes an 8-bit Domain
ID (typically a switch number), an 8-bit Area ID
(a port or group of switch ports) and an 8-bit
Device ID (typically 00 for N_Ports or for
NL_Ports, the Loop Initialization assigned
Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (ALPA). The
Port_ID of the Source, Port (S_ID) and the
Port_ID of the Destination Port, (D_ID) is used
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Port bypass circuit(端口旁路电
路)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种端口电路,该电路能够自动打开和
关闭Fibre Channel仲裁环路,使得节点能够
以最少的中断操作时间加入到环路中或者从
环路中移除。端口旁路电路一般出现在Fibre
Channel集线器和磁盘装置中。
Port login(端口登录)
语境【Fibre Channel】
端口到端口(port-to-port)的登录过程,
通过端口登录,Fibre Channel初始化程序能
够建立起目标之间的会话。
Port name(端口名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
分配给 Fibre Channel 端口的惟一的 64
位标识符。
POST加电自检(Power On Self Test)的缩写。
Power conditioning(电源调节)
关于对系统提供的电源的规定,这些规
定将电源的电压和频率在一个限定在合适的
范围之内。电源调节有时候是由存储子系统
自己完成,但是也可以作为环境的必要条
件。
Power on self test(加电自检)
在加电之后,智能设备所运行的内部存
储的一系列检测程序集合。缩写为POST。这
些检测程序在软件加载到硬件上运行之前对
硬件的基本完整性加以验证。
PP语境 【安全】
in the Fibre Channel frame header for routing."
Port bypass circuitCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A circuit that automatically opens and
closes a Fibre Channel arbitrated loop so that
nodes can be added to or removed from the loop
with minimal disruption of operations. Port
bypass circuits are typically found in Fibre
Channel hubs and disk enclosures.
Port loginCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The port-to-port login process by which Fibre
Channel initiators establish sessions with targets.
Port nameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A unique 64-bit indentifier assigned to a
Fibre Channel port.
POSTAcronym for Power On Self Test.
Power conditioning"The regulation of power supplied to a
system so that acceptable ranges of voltage and
frequency are maintained. Power conditioning
is sometimes done by a storage subsystem, but
may also be an environmental requirement."
Power on self testA set of internally stored diagnostic
programs run by intelligent devices when
powered on. Abbreviated POST. These diagnostic
programs verify the basic integrity of hardware
before software is permitted to run on it.
PPCONTEXT 【Security】
169
protection profile 的缩写。
Present (verb)(提供)
使其显现、使其可用。例如,RAID 控
制软件和卷管理器向主机环境提供虚拟磁
盘。是 export的同义词。
Primary domain controller(主域
控制器)
语境【Windows】
经过协商之后成为(或者被直接指定
为)其所在域的主认证服务器的域控制器。
Primitive sequence(原语序列)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个有序集,原语序列被反复传输直到
接收到特定的响应信号。
Primitive signal(原语信号)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个具有特殊意义的有序集,例如表示
空闲信号(id le)或者接收方准备好信号
(Receiver_Ready,R_RDY)。
Private key(私钥)
语境【安全】
在对称加密系统中同时用以加密和解密
过程的密钥,或者是非对称加密系统中的用
于加密或者解密的一个密钥(并非两个都
是)。要保持通信的安全性,私钥必须由使用
方严格保密。
Private key cryptography(私钥加
密系统)
语境【安全】
一种加密方法,在私钥加密系统中,加
Acronym for protection profile.
Present (verb)"To cause to appear or to make available.
For example, RAID control software and volume
managers present virtual disks to host
environments. Synonym for export."
Primary domain controllerCONTEXT 【Windows】
A domain controller that has been assigned
as or has negotiated to become the primary
authentication server for the domain of which it
is a part.
Primitive sequenceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An ordered set transmitted repeatedly and
continuously until a specified response is
received.
Primitive signalCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An ordered set with a special meaning such
as an idle or Receiver_Ready (R_RDY).
Private keyCONTEXT 【Security】
"A key which is used in a symmetric
cryptosystem in both encryption and decryption
processes, or in an asymmetric cryptosystem for
one, but not both, of those processes. A private
key must remain confidential to the using party
if communication security is to be maintained."
Private key cryptographyCONTEXT 【Security】
"An encryption methodology in which the
encryptor and decryptor use the same key, which
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密和解密过程使用相同的密钥,该密钥必须
严格保密。另请参考: s y m m e t r i c
cryptosystem。
Private loop(专用环路)
语境【Fibre Channel】
没有连接 fabric的Fibre Channel仲裁环
路。
Private loop device(专用环路设
备)
语境【Fibre Channel】
不支持 fabric登录的Fibre Channel仲裁
环路设备。
Process policy(处理策略)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种错误处理策略,该策略支持N_Port
端口在检测到发送序列中发生数据帧丢失
(一帧或者多帧)的条件下继续处理序列中
的其他数据帧。
Process_Associator语境【Fibre Channel】
位于 Association_Header的标识节点内
的某个进程或者一组进程的值。不同节点中
的通信进程使用Process_Associator 来寻址
对 方 。 启 动 过 程 具 有 发 起 者
Process_Associator,响应过程具有响应者
Process_Associator。
Profile(描述)
语境【标准】
支持一系列产品之间或者特定应用中的
互操作性的相应标准子集。profile 应用于
FCP(FCSI 和 PLDA)、IP 以及其他领域。
Profile是一个互操作性所要求的物理的、逻
辑的以及行为单元的关于标准的垂直切片。
must be kept secret. cf. symmetric cryptosystem."
Private loopCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel arbitrated loop with no
fabric attachment.
Private loop deviceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel arbitrated loop device
that does not support fabric login.
Process policyCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An error handling policy that allows an
N_Port to continue processing data frames
following detection of one or more missing
frames in a sequence.
Process_AssociatorCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A value in the Association_Header that
identifies a process or a group of processes
within a node. Communicating processes in
different nodes use Process_Associators to
address each other. Originating processes have
Originator Process_Associators; responding
processes have Responder Process_Associators.
ProfileCONTEXT 【Standards
"A proper subset of a standard that supports
interoperability across a set of products or in a
specific application. Profiles exist for FCP (FCSI
and PLDA), IP, and other areas. A profile is a
vertical slice through a standard containing
physical, logical and behavioral elements
required for interoperability."
171
P r o p r i e t a r y i n t e r c o n n e c t /proprietary I/O bus(专用互联 / 专用
I/O总线)
语境【存储系统】
一种I/O总线类型(主机I/O总线或者设
备 I/O总线),这种 I/O总线的传输特性和协
议都是由单个厂商规定的,同时其他厂商如
果要生产这种 I/O 总线设备,必须取得该厂
商的授权。另请参考: open interconnect。
Protected space/protected spaceextent(受保护空间/受保护空间盘区)
在属于冗余组的某个物理盘区内,应用
程序的数据可以使用的存储空间。
Protection Profile语境 【安全】
为满足特定用户需求的 IT 产品的应用
无关的一系列功能和担保需求。它主要与
ISO 15408 有关。缩写成 PP。
Protocol(协议)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】【SCSI】
一种关于使用互联或者网络使得在其上
传输的信息能够被通信的各方正确解释的规
则集合。协议包括通信的各个方面,例如数
据表示、数据单元排序、消息格式、消息以
及相应消息序列规则、块数据传输规则以及
定时需求等。
Protocol Data Unit语境 【网络】 【iSCSI】
1 网络】用于通讯的两个网络节点之间
P r o p r i e t a r y i n t e r c o n n e c t /proprietary I/O bus
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"An I/O bus (either a host I/O bus or a
device I /O bus) whose t ransmiss ion
characteristics and protocols are the intellectual
property of a single vendor, and which require
the permission of that vendor to be implemented
in the products of other vendors. cf. open
interconnect"
Protected space/protected spaceextent
The storage space available for application
data in a physical extent that belongs to a
redundancy group.
Protection ProfileCONTEXT 【Security】
An implementation-independent set of
security functional and assurance requirements
for a category of IT products that meet specific
consumer needs. It is most commonly associated
with ISO 15408. Acronym PP.
ProtocolCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
【SCSI
"A set of rules for using an interconnect or
network so that information conveyed on the
interconnect can be correctly interpreted by all
parties to the communication. Protocols include
such aspects of communication as data
representation, data item ordering, message
formats, message and response sequencing rules,
block data transmission conventions, timing
requirements, and so forth."
Protocol Data UnitCONTEXT 【Network】 【iSCSI】
1.【Network】 A single message between
172
的单个消息
2.【iSCSI】 用来描述iSCSI连接中目标
端或初始端 iSCSI消息的术语
Public key(公钥)
语境【安全】
非对称加密系统中,既可以用以加密,
也可以用作解密(不是用私钥)的密钥。公
钥可以在用户组之内共享,同时不会影响到
加密系统的安全性。
Public key cryptography(公钥加
密系统)
语境【安全】
一种使用一对密钥进行加密和解密的系
统,其中的一个密钥用于加密,另一个用于
解密。但是两个密钥都可以同时用作加密和
解密。另请参考:asymmetric cryptosystem。
Public key infrastructure(公钥基
础结构)
语境【安全】
为了便于安全创建和数字证书管理而收
集软件、硬件、人和程序。
Public loop(公共环路)
语境【Fibre Channel】
和fabric连接的Fibre Channel仲裁环路。
Public loop device(公共环路设
备)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种支持 fabr ic 登录和服务的 Fibre
Channel仲裁环路设备。
two network nodes used for communication.
2.【iSCSI】 The term used to describe one
iSCSI message sent by either a target or an
initiator in an iSCSI connection.
Public keyCONTEXT 【Security】
"A key which is used in an asymmetric
cryptosystem for either the encryption or
decryption process where the private key is not
used, and which can be shared amongst a group
of users without impacting the security of the
cryptosystem."
Public key cryptographyCONTEXT 【Security】
"An encryption system using a linked pair
of keys. What one key of the pair encrypts, the
other decrypts. Either key can be used for
encryption and decryption. See also asymmetric
cryptosystem."
Public key infrastructureCONTEXT 【Security】
“A framework established to issue, maintain,
and revoke public key certificates accommodating
a variety of security technologies.A collection of
software, hardware, people and procedures that
facilitate secure creation and management of
digital certificates. ”
Public loopCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel arbitrated loop with an
attachment to a fabric.
Public loop deviceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel arbitrated loop device
that supports fabric login and services.
173
Pull technology(Pull 技术)
根据信息请求,将所请求信息传输出去
的技术。轮询技术(polling)就是一个 pull
技术的例子。另请参考: push technology。
Push technology(Push技术)
将信息从非被请求发送该信息的源或者
发起者处传输出去的技术。S N M P 自陷
(SNMP trap)就是一种push技术。另请参考:
pull technology。
PVC语境【Fibre Channel】
永久虚电路(Permanent Virtual Circuit)
的缩写。
QQoS服务质量(quality of service)的缩写。
Quiesce (verb)(停顿)
语境【数据恢复】
将设备或者应用转入这样一种状态:
(a.)设备或者应用是可运行的;(b.)设备或者
应用的所有数据是一致的,并且存储在非易
失性存储介质中;(c.)所有处理过程都被暂
停,没有正在运行的任务,也就是说所有的
应用任务都已经完成或者还未启动。
Quiescent state(停顿状态)
语境【数据恢复】
一种应用或者设备状态,在该状态下:
(a.)设备或者应用是可运行的;(b.)设备或者
应用的所有数据是一致的,并且存储在非易
失性存储介质中;(c.)所有处理过程都被暂
停,没有正在运行的任务,也就是说所有的
应用任务都已经完成或者还未启动。
Pull technologyThe transmission of information in response
to a request for that information. An example of
a pull technology is polling. cf. push technology.
Push technologyThe transmission of information from a
source or initiator without the source being
requested to send that information. An example
of a push technology is an SNMP trap. cf. pull
technology.
PVCCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Permanent Virtual Circuit.
QoSAcronym for quality of service.
Quiesce (verb)CONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"To bring a device or an application to a
state in which (a.) it is able to operate, (b.) all of
its data is consistent and stored on non-volatile
storage, and (c.) processing has been suspended
and there are no tasks in progress (i.e., all
application tasks have either been completed or
not started)."
Quiescent stateCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"An application or device state in which
(a.) the application or device is able to operate,
(b.) all of its data is consistent and stored on non-
volatile storage, and (c.) processing has been
suspended and there are no tasks in progress
(i.e., all tasks have either been completed or not
started)."
174
Quality of service(服务质量)
语境【管理】
一种通过指定用户可视参数(例如消息
传输时间)的方法来管理计算机系统资源
(例如带宽)的技术。要做这些保证就需要使
用到策略规则来描述网络单元操作。IETF组
织中关于Qos的标准是RSVP协议(Resource
Reservation Protocol,资源预约协议)和
COPS协议(通用开放式策略服务)。RSVP
支持事先预约网络带宽,而COPS支持路由
器和交换机从服务器上获得策略规则。
Quota语境 【文件系统】
用户、组或目录结构需要销毁的对于资
源的限制,例如磁盘空间。
RRADIUS语境【安全】
Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
的缩写 .
RAID语境【存储系统】
1.独立磁盘冗余阵列(Redundant Array
of Independent Disks)的缩写,RAID是一
类多磁盘管理技术,其向主机环境提供了成
本适中、数据可靠性高的高性能存储。2.来
自于廉价磁盘冗余阵列(Redundant Arrays of
Inexpensive Disks)。 3. 该名词最早出现在
1988 年 SIGMOD 的论文《A Case for
Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks》中。
RAID 0/RAID Level 0语境【存储系统】
数据分条(data striping)的同义词。
Quality of serviceCONTEXT 【Management】
"A technique for managing computer
system resources such as bandwidth by
specifying user visible parameters such as
message delivery time. Policy rules are used to
describe the operation of network elements to
make these guarantees. Relevant standards for
QoS in the IETF are the RSVP (Resource
Reservation Protocol) and COPS (Common
Open Policy Service) protocols. RSVP allows
for the reservation of bandwidth in advance,
while COPS allows routers and switches to
obtain policy rules from a server."
QuotaCONTEXT 【File System】
"A limit that restricts the amount of a
resource, such as disk space, that a user, group
or directory structure may consume."
RADIUSCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Remote Authentication Dial
In User Service.
RAIDCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"1. An Acronym for Redundant Array of
Independent Disks, a family of techniques for
managing multiple disks to deliver desirable
cost, data availability, and performance
characteristics to host environments.2. A
Redundant Array of Independent Disks.3.A
phrase adopted from the 1988 SIGMOD paper
A Case for Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive
Disks."
RAID 0/RAID Level 0CONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for data striping.
175
RAID 1/RAID Level 1语境【存储系统】
镜像(mirroring)的同义词。
RAID 2/RAID Level 2语境【存储系统】
一种RAID 阵列类型。在该类型的阵列
中,计算阵列中的一些磁盘中的数据块的海
明码(Hamming code)被存储在其余磁盘
上,并作为校验数据使用。
RAID 3/RAID Level 3语境【存储系统】
一种RAID 阵列类型。在该类型的阵列
中,假定所有磁盘是同步旋转的,同时数据
条带(data stripe)的大小不大于导出块
(exported block)的大小。所有的奇偶校验
数据都存储在一个专用磁盘上。
RAID 4/RAID Level 4语境【存储系统】
一种奇偶校验RAID 阵列类型。在该类
型的阵列中,每个磁盘都是独立运转的;数
据条带(data strip)的大小不小于导出块
(exported block)的大小;所有的奇偶校验
数据都存储在一个专用磁盘上。
RAID 5/RAID Level 5语境【存储系统】
一种奇偶校验RAID 阵列类型。在该类
型的阵列中,每个磁盘都是独立运转的;数
据条带的大小不小于导出块(e x p o r t e d
block)的大小;奇偶校验数据分布在阵列的
各盘上。
RAID 6/RAID Level 6语境【存储系统】
一种能够在两块盘同时故障( t w o
concurrent disk failures)的条件下继续执行
对阵列中所有虚拟磁盘的读写请求的RAID
阵列类型。RAID 6 中使用了两种校验数据
RAID 1/RAID Level 1CONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for mirroring.
RAID 2/RAID Level 2CONTEXT 【Storage System】
A form of RAID in which a Hamming code
computed on stripes of data on some of an
array's disks is stored on the remaining disks and
serves as check data.
RAID 3/RAID Level 3CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A form of parity RAID in which all disks
are assumed to be rotationally synchronized,
and in which the data stripe size is no larger than
the exported block size."
RAID 4/RAID Level 4CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A form of parity RAID in which the disks
operate independently, the data strip size is no
smaller than the exported block size, and all
parity check data is stored on one disk."
RAID 5/RAID Level 5CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A form of parity RAID in which the disks
operate independently, the data strip size is no
smaller than the exported block size, and parity
check data is distributed across the array's disks."
RAID 6/RAID Level 6CONTEXT 【Storage System】
Any form of RAID that can continue to
execute read and write requests to all of an
array's virtual disks in the presence of two
concurrent disk failures. Both dual check data
176
计算技术(奇偶校验以及 Reed Solomon 校
验)和正交奇偶校验数据技术。
RAID array语境【存储系统】
独立磁盘冗余阵列(Redundant Array of
Independent Disks)的缩写。
RAMdisk(RAM 磁盘)
语境【存储设备】
大量的由软件管理的主机系统的随机访
问存储器(random access memory,RAM),
这些RAM 将作为一个统一的高性能磁盘提
供给应用。RAM磁盘通常模仿磁盘的 I/O功
能特性,但是 RAM 磁盘一般没有在电源故
障条件下继续保持数据的功能,除非为其增
加专门的硬件来使其成为非易失的存储。另
请参考: solid state disk。
Random I/O/random I/O load/random reads/random writes(随机 I/O / 随机 I/O负载 / 随机读 / 随机写)
语境【存储系统】
指任何 I/O负载。在这种 I/O负载中,连
续发出的非相邻位置的数据读写请求。随机
I/O通常用来表示任何非连续的I/O负载,即
所请求数据位置的分布是真正随机的。随机
I/O是 I/O 请求敏感型应用的特性。另请参
考: sequential I/O。
Random numberCONTEXT 【Security】
一种用于密码应用的的不可预测的数
字,它通常是一系列产生的01码。它通常有
两种,确定码或伪随机码,它是由一个初始
值(通常称为种子)通过特定算法产生的一
系列比特值;不确定码,它是由不受人控制
的物理源产生的无法预测码。
computations (parity and Reed Solomon) and
orthogonal dual parity check data have been
proposed for RAID Level 6.
RAID arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Acronym for Redundant Array of
Independent Disks.
RAMdiskCONTEXT 【Storage Device
"A quantity of host system random access
memory (RAM) managed by software and
presented to applications as a high-performance
disk. RAMdisks generally emulate disk I/O
functional characteristics, but unless augmented
by special hardware to make their contents non-
volatile, they cannot tolerate loss of power
without losing data. cf. solid state disk"
Random I/O/random I/O load/random reads/random writes
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Any I/O load whose consecutively issued
read and/or write requests do not specify
adjacently located data. The term random I/O is
commonly used to denote any I/O load that is not
sequential, whether or not the distribution of
data locations is indeed random. Random I/O is
characteristic of I/O request-intensive
applications. cf. sequential I/O"
Random numberCONTEXT 【Security】
An unpredictable number used for
cryptographic applications that is typically a
generated sequence of zero and one bits. There
are two basic classes: deterministic or
pseudorandom often generated by an algorithm
that produces a sequence of bits from an initial
value called a seed; and nondeterministic
177
Random relative offset(随机相对
位移)
语境【Fibre Channel】
指一种传输控制算法,在这种传输算法
中,包含组成大块信息的子块信息的数据帧
可能以任意顺序传输。相对于顺序增加相对
位移来说,这种算法的数据重组以及丢失数
据帧的检测就显得更加复杂了。
Rank(等级)
语境【存储系统】
1. 某个机箱中的物理磁盘位置的集合,
通常表示哪些磁盘是或者可能是某个阵列中
的成员磁盘。
2.控制器的所有设备 I/O总线上的对应
目标标识符集合。与前面的定义类似,在这
个定义中,由等级标识的磁盘通常就是或者
可能是一个阵列中的成员磁盘。
3. 冗余组中的一个数据分条的同义词。
由于各磁盘子系统开发者对于“等级”这个
术语的定义各不相同,所以在 SNIA的资料
中很少使用到该术语。
RAS语境【存储系统】【Windows】
【存储系统】可靠性(Reliability)、可用
性(A v a i l a b i l i t y )以及可服务性
(Serviceability)三个名词的缩写。
【Windows】远程访问服务器(Remote
Access Server)的缩写,Windows NT 操作
系统中的拨号网络连接服务器。
Raw partition(原始分区)
不由卷管理器管理的磁盘分区。原始分
区的术语在讨论数据库系统时使用很多,因
generated by some unpredictable physical source
that is outside human control.
Random relative offsetCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A transmission control algorithm in which
the frames containing the subblocks that
comprise a block of information may be
transmitted in any order. This complicates
reassembly and detection of lost frames by
comparison with continuously increasing relative
offset.
RankCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"1.A set of physical disk positions in an
enclosure, usually denoting the disks that are or
can be members of a single array. "
"2.The set of corresponding target
identifiers on all of a controller’s device I/O
buses. Like the preceding definition, the disks
identified as a rank by this definition usually are
or can be members of a single array."
"3. Synonym for a stripe in a redundancy
group. Because of the diversity of meanings
attached to this term by disk subsystem
developers, SNIA publications make minimal
use of it. "
RASC O N T E X T 【S t o r a g e S y s t e m】
【Windows】
"Acronym for Reliability, Availability, and
Serviceability "
Acronym for Remote Access Server
(Windows NT dialup networking server).
Raw partition"A disk partition not managed by a volume
manager. The term raw partition is frequently
178
为一些数据库系统厂商使用卷或文件作为底
层数据库存储,而其他厂商却推荐使用在原
始分区上直接进行存储。
Raw partition backup(原始分区
备份)
语境【数据恢复】
一个关于分区映像的逐位(bit-by-bit)
拷贝。原始分区备份并不包括分区中的对象
信息,因此不能用于单个对象的恢复。另请
参考: disk image backup。
Read/write head(读 / 写磁头)
语境【存储设备】
磁盘上的磁或者光记录设备。读 / 写磁
头既可以通过改变记录介质的状态写入数
据,也可以通过检测介质状态的变化来读取
数据。磁盘一般都有读 / 写磁头,但是磁带
就不同,磁带中的读和写分别使用不同的磁
头。
Real time copy(实时备份)
语境【存储系统】
镜像(mirroring)的同义词。
Rebuild/Rebuilding(重建)
语境【存储系统】
镜像阵列或者RAID阵列中发生故障的
磁盘上的所有用户数据和校验数据的重构
(regeneration)过程,或者将这些数据写到
一个或者多个备用磁盘上的过程。在大多数
的阵列中,在应用程序访问阵列的虚拟磁盘
上的数据时就会引发重建过程。
Receiver(接收器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1.一种互联或者网络设备类型,这种设
备包括一个检测器和一些信号处理电路。
encountered when discussing database systems
because some database system vendors
recommend volumes or files for underlying
database storage, while others recommend direct
storage on raw partitions."
Raw partition backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"A bit-by-bit copy of a partition image. A
raw partition backup incorporates no information
about the objects contained on the partition, and
hence cannot be used for individual object
restoration. cf. disk image backup"
Read/write headCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"The magnetic or optical recording device
in a disk. Read/write heads are used both to write
data by altering the recording media’s state,
and to read data by sensing the alterations. Disks
typically have read/write heads, unlike tapes, in
which reading and writing are often done using
separate heads."
Real time copyCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for mirroring.
Rebuild/RebuildingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The regeneration and writing onto one or
more replacement disks of all of the user data
and check data from a failed disk in a mirrored
or RAID array. In most arrays, a rebuild can
occur while applications are accessing data on
the array’s virtual disks."
ReceiverCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
1.An interconnect or network device that
includes a detector and signal processing
179
2.在链路控制设备中专门用于接收经过
编码的位流、将位流转换成传输字符,并使
用 FC-PH 规定的规则对这些字符进行解码
的(Link_Control_Facility)的部分。
3.将光信号或者电信号转换成串行电子
逻辑信号(可能需要重定时)的电路。
Receptacle(插座)
发送器或者接收器上的接口连接器的固
定插口部分(母口)。
Reconstruction(重构)
语境【存储系统】
重建(rebuilding)的同义词。
Recorded volume serial number(已记录卷序列号)
语境【备份】
介质 ID(media ID)的同义词。缩写为
RVSN。
Recovery(恢复)
语境【数据恢复】
将整个应用程序或者计算环境过去的操
作状态重建的过程。当应用程序或计算环境
被破坏或者变得不可用之后就需要用到恢
复。如果应用程序的数据也遭到破坏的话,
恢复过程就也包括应用数据的恢复过程。另
请参考: restoration。
Recovery Point Objective语境【数据恢复】
在数据恢复中,能恢复出系统失败或灾
难时丢失的更换数据所需要的最小时间量。
在数据损坏点之前这个时间段之前的数据都
能被恢复。0 是一个有效的值,相当于系统
electronics.
"2. The portion of a Link_Control_Facility
dedicated to receiving an encoded bit stream,
converting the stream into transmission
characters, and decoding the characters using
the rules specified by FC-PH. "
3. A circuit that converts an optical or
electrical media signal to a (possibly retimed)
electrical serial logic signal.
ReceptacleThe stationary (female) half of the interface
connector on a transmitter or receiver.
ReconstructionCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for rebuilding.
Recorded volume serial numberCONTEXT 【Backup】
Synonym for media ID. Abbreviated
RVSN.
RecoveryCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"The recreation of a past operational state
of an entire application or computing
environment. Recovery is required after an
application or computing environment has been
destroyed or otherwise rendered unusable. It
may include restoration of application data, if
that data had been destroyed as well. cf.
restoration"
Point ObjectiveCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"The maximum desired time period prior
to a failure or disaster during which changes to
data may be lost as a consequence of recovery.
Data changes preceding the failure or disaster
180
0 数据损失。简称RPO.
Recovery Time Objective RTO语境【数据恢复】
把应用或关联的数据恢复到正确的操作
状态所需要的最大时间。
Red(红色警示)
语境【安全】
在安全分析语境中,一种指示性标志以
明确说明哪些信息系统和相关区域、电路、
组件和设备负责处理敏感信息的。
Red/black concept(红色 /黑色警
示)
语境【安全】
红色警示表示电子电路、组件、设备和
系统对敏感信息进行了处理,黑色警示表示
这些装置并没有处理到敏感信息。
Reduced mode(缩减模式)
语境【存储系统】
退化 /降级模式(degraded mode)的同
义词。
Reduction(缩减)
语境【存储系统】
将成员磁盘从RAID阵列中移除,使得
阵列运行在退化模式的状态。缩减大多由成
员磁盘故障引起,但是一些RAID 设备出于
系统管理的目的也可以退化到缩减状态。
by at least this time period are preserved by
recovery. Zero is a valid value and is equivalent
to a ""zero data loss"" requirement. Acronym
RPO."
Recovery Time Objective RTOCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
The maximum desired time period required
to bring one or more applications and associated
data back to a correct operational state.
RedCONTEXT 【Security】
"In the context of security analysis, a
designation applied to information systems and
associated areas, circuits, components, and
equipment in which sensitive information is
being processed."
Red/black conceptCONTEXT 【Security】
"The separation of electrical and electronic
circuits, components, equipment and systems
that handle sensitive information (red) in
electrical form, from those that handle on
information that is not sensitive (black) in the
same form."
Reduced modeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for degraded mode.
ReductionCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The removal of a member disk from a
RAID array, placing the array in degraded mode.
Reduction most often occurs because of member
d i s k f a i l u r e , h o w e v e r , s o m e R A I D
implementations allow reduction for system
management purposes."
181
Redundancy(冗余)
为了在组件发生故障时系统仍然能够继
续运行,在系统中设置额外的组件(不仅仅
局限于那些系统执行其功能所必需的组件)。
Redundancy group(冗余组)
语境【管理】【存储系统】
1.为了提供数据保护功能而组织起来
的盘区集合。在冗余组内,只能使用一种形
式的数据保护。冗余组内的所有可用存储容
量都被存储在组内的校验数据保护起来,但
是这些校验数据不能对冗余组之外的可用存
储容量提供保护。
2 .在 C I M 模型中所定义的类
(CIM_RedundancyGroup),由提供冗余的对象
集合组成。CIM_RedundancyGroup定义的三个
子类分别是:(1.) CIM_SpareGroup,用于热备
和故障恢复;(2.) CIM_ExtraCapacityGroup,用
于 负 载 共 享 或 者 负 载 平 衡 ;( 3 . )
CIM_StorageRedundancyGroup,描述所使用的
冗余算法。
Redundancy group stripe(冗余
组数据分条)
语境【存储系统】
组成一个冗余组的每个物理盘区上的,
进行相应编号的一系列物理盘区块。冗余组
数据分条的校验数据块对分条上的被保护数
据空间进行保护。
Redundancy group stripe depth(冗余组分条深度)
语境【存储系统】
在冗余组数据分条的一个物理盘区中,
编号连续的物理盘区块的数量。在常见的分
条数据映射模型中,对于冗余组中的所有分
条,冗余组分条深度都是一样的。
RedundancyThe inclusion of extra components of a
given type in a system (beyond those required
by the system to carry out its function) for the
purpose of enabling continued operation in the
event of a component failure.
Redundancy groupCONTEXT 【Management】 【Storage
System】
"1.A collection of extents organized by
for the purpose of providing data protection.
Within a redundancy group, a single type of data
protection is employed. All of the usable storage
capacity in a redundancy group is protected by
check data stored within the group, and no
usable storage external to a redundancy group is
protected by check data within it. "
"2.A class defined in the CIM schema
(CIM_RedundancyGroup) consisting of a collection
of objects in which redundancy is provided. Three
subclasses of CIM_RedundancyGroup are defined
(1.) CIM_SpareGroup for sparing and failover, (2.)
CIM_ExtraCapacityGroup for load sharing or load
balancing, and (3.) CIM_StorageRedundancyGroup
to describe the redundancy algorithm in use. "
Redundancy group stripeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A set of sequences of correspondingly
numbered physical extent blocks in each of the
physical extents comprising a redundancy group.
The check data blocks in a redundancy group
stripe protect the protected space in that stripe.
Redundancy group stripe depthCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The number of consecutively numbered
physical extent blocks in one physical extent of
a redundancy group stripe. In the conventional
striped data mapping model, redundancy group
stripe depth is the same for all stripes in a
182
Redundant (components)(冗余
组件)
能够在必要的时候(例如组件之一发生
故障的时候)相互替换,以便系统能够继续
执行功能的系统组件。在存储子系统中,配
电单元(power distribution units)、电源
(power suppl ies)、散热设备(cool ing
devices)以及控制器经常做成冗余组件。构
成镜像集合的磁盘是冗余组件。奇偶校验
RAID 阵列的成员磁盘是冗余组件,这是因
为当一个磁盘发生故障时,其他正常磁盘能
够共同承担起故障磁盘的功能。
"Redundant (conf igurat ion,system)(冗余结构、系统)"
通过提供系统运行所需的所有关键组件
的冗余的方法,达到容错能力的系统或者系
统的结构。
Redundant Array of IndependentDisks(独立磁盘冗余阵列)
语境【存储系统】
"一种磁盘阵列类型,在这种阵列中,一
部分物理存储容量被用于存储用户数据 ,
(存储在其余的存储容量中)的冗余信息。在
阵列的成员磁盘发生故障,或者访问路径发
生故障时,冗余信息支持用户数据的重构。
虽然磁盘数据分条并不属于该定义范围,但
是仍然将磁盘数据分条称为 R A I D 阵列
(RAID Level 0)。"
Reference data语境【信息生命周期管理】
fixed content的缩写 .
redundancy group."
Redundant (components)"Components of a system that have the
capability to substitute for each other when
necessary, as, for example when one of the
components fails, so that the system can continue
to perform its function. In storage subsystems,
power distribution units, power supplies, cooling
devices, and controllers are often configured to
be redundant. The disks comprising a mirror set
are redundant. A parity RAID array’s member
disks are redundant, since surviving disks can
collectively replace the function of a failed
disk."
"Redundant (conf igurat ion,system) "
A system or configuration of a system in
which failure tolerance is achieved by the
presence of redundant instances of all
components that are critical to the system’s
operation.
Redundant Array of IndependentDisks
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A disk array in which part of the physical
storage capacity is used to store redundant
information about user data stored on the
remainder of the storage capacity. The redundant
information enables regeneration of user data in
the event that one of the array's member disks or
the access path to it fails. Although it does not
conform to this definition, disk striping is often
referred to as RAID (RAID Level 0)."
Reference dataCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
Synonym for fixed content.
183
Reference information语境【信息生命周期管理】
fixed content 的缩写 .
Regeneration(重构)
语境【存储系统】
使用幸存成员磁盘上的校验数据和用户
数据,恢复RAID 阵列中发生故障的磁盘上
的数据的过程。重构也用于从不可恢复介质
故障中恢复数据。奇偶校验RAID 阵列中的
数据,可以通过计算阵列中其余磁盘上相应
数据块内容的异或值(exclusive OR)的方
法,实现重构。RAID 6 中的数据,可以通
过选择并执行两种奇偶校验算法中更方便的
一种方法实现重构。
R e g i s t e r e d s t a t e c h a n g enotification(注册状态变化通告)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel交换机的一种功能。在其
他特定节点发生变化时,该功能支持其将变
化信息通告注册节点。
Rejoin mirror语境【存储系统】
把分开的镜像单元连接起来。当该过程
完成后,当前镜像单元与其它镜像单元完全
相同。
Rekeying(重新生成加密键值)
语境【安全】
在一个正在进行的通信会话中不断改变
所使用的密钥的加密处理方法。
Relative offset(相对位移)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种位移,常用字节衡量,用于将大量
Reference informationCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
Synonym for fixed content.
RegenerationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Recreation of user data from a failed disk
in a RAID array using check data and user data
from surviving members. Regeneration may
also be used to recover data from an
unrecoverable media error. Data in a parity
RAID array is regenerated by computing the
exclusive OR of the contents of corresponding
blocks from the array's remaining disks. Data in
a RAID Level 6 array is regenerated by choosing
the more convenient of two parity algorithms
and executing it.
R e g i s t e r e d s t a t e c h a n g enotification
CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel switch function that allows
notification to registered nodes if a change occurs
to other specified nodes.
Rejoin mirrorCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Bring a split mirror component back into
the mirror. When the resilvering process
completes, the mirror component becomes
identical to all mirror components in the mirror."
RekeyingCONTEXT 【Security】
The process of changing the key used for
an ongoing communication session.
Relative offsetCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A displacement, expressed in bytes, used
184
的数据分割成块和子块(一般块大小正好是
一个帧的载荷的字节数),以便使用多个帧
进行数据传输。在接收端,相对位移用于进
行数据重组,也用来判断是否所有数据均已
到达。
Relative offset space(相对位移
范围)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由发送上层协议为信息分类所定义的一
个数字范围。这个范围一般从 0值开始(表
示上层定义原点,upper level-def ined-
origin),然后以一个更高的值结束。相对位
移的值需要存放在相应的相对位移空间中。
Remote Authentication Dial InUser Service
语境【安全】
RADIUS 是许多网络服务提供商(ISPs)
使用的鉴定和统计协议。当建立连接时输入
用户名、密码等信息,这些信息被传送到
RADIUS进行检验,以确定用户是否能够访
问系统。Radius 在 RFC 2865 中定义 .
Removable media storage device(可移动介质存储设备)
一种存储设备类型,在这种存储设备
中,存储介质可以方便地移除和插入。磁带、
CD-ROM 以及光盘都是可移动介质存储设
备。
Repeater(转发器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种电路,该电路使用输入信号中取出
来的时钟生成其输出信号。
Repeating ordered set(重复有序
集)
语境【Fibre Channel】
to divide a quantity of data into blocks and
subblocks for transmission in separate frames.
Relative offsets are used to reassemble data at
the receiver and verify that all data has arrived."
Relative offset spaceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A numerical range defined by a sending
upper level protocol for an information category.
The range starts at zero, representing the upper
level-defined-origin, and extends to a highest
value. Relative offset values are required to lie
within the appropriate relative offset space."
Remote Authentication Dial InUser Service
CONTEXT 【Security】
RADIUS is an authentication and
accounting protocol used by many Internet
Service Providers (ISPs). Information such as
username and password is entered when a
connection is made. This information is passed
to a RADIUS server that verifies the information
in order to authorize access to the system. Radius
is defined in RFC 2865.
Removable media storage device"A storage device designed so that its
storage media can be readily removed and
inserted. Tapes, CDROMs, and optical disks are
removable media devices."
RepeaterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A circuit that uses clock recovered from an
incoming signal to generate an outbound signal.
Repeating ordered setCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An ordered set issued by FC-2 to FC-1 for
185
由FC-2重复发送给FC-1的有序集,在
FC-2发出后续传输请求之前,该有序集一直
被重复发送。
replacement disk(可替换磁盘)
语境【存储系统】
一种磁盘,可以作为RAID 阵列中的成
员磁盘使用,或者用于替换RAID 阵列中发
生故障的成员磁盘。
Replacement unit(可替换单元)
系统中一个组件或者组件集合,可替换
单元总是在集合中任意部分发生故障的时
候,被作为一个单元被替换掉。缩写为RU。
可替换单元可以是现场可替换的,或者可能
需要将其所属的系统返回到厂家或者维修站
去进行替换。现场可替换单元可以由用户进
行替换,也可能需要专门的服务人员。磁盘
子系统中的典型可替换单元有磁盘、控制器
逻辑板、供电电源、散热设备以及电缆等。
可替换单元可能以冷交换的方式进行交换,
也可能以温交换或者热交换的方式进行。
Replay attack(重放攻击)
语境【安全】
一种攻击类型,这种攻击会不断恶意或
欺诈性地重复一个有效的数据传输,重放攻
击可以由发起者,也可以由拦截并重发该数
据的敌方进行。
Replica(复制)
语境【备份】
“1.关于数据集合拷贝的通俗名词。另
请参考: duplicate, point in time copy,
snapshot。”
2.用于一个或多个应用而没有媒介恢
复过程的映象数据,另请参考: backup copy.
repeated transmission until a subsequent
transmission request is issued by FC-2.
replacement diskCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A disk available for use as or used to
replace a failed member disk in a RAID array.
Replacement unit"A component or collection of components
in a system which are always replaced (swapped)
as a unit when any part of the collection fails.
Abbreviated RU. Replacement units may be
field replaceable, or they may require that the
system of which they are part be returned to a
factory or repair depot for replacement. Field
replaceable units may be customer replaceable,
or their replacement may require trained service
personnel. Typical replacement units in a disk
subsystem include disks, controller logic boards,
power supplies, cooling devices, and cables.
Replacement units may be cold, warm, or hot
swappable."
Replay attackCONTEXT 【Security】
"An attack in which a valid data
transmission is maliciously or fraudulently
repeated, either by the originator or by an
adversary who intercepts the data and retransmits
it."
ReplicaCONTEXT 【Backup】
"1. A general term for a copy of a collection
of data. cf. duplicate, point in time copy,
snapshot"
2. An image of data usable by one or more
applications without an intermediate restore
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Replicate(复制)
语境【备份】
“1.(名词)关于数据集合拷贝的通俗名
词。另请参考: duplicate, point in time copy,
snapshot。”
2.(动词)生成一个如上定义的复制品
的动作。
Replication link语境【存储系统】
在主从端传输数据和复制控制命令的
物理或逻辑连接。
Replication set语境【存储系统】
具有复制关系的一对卷。一对复制卷包
括物理分隔的一个主卷和一个从卷。复制卷
定义了主卷和从卷的连接方式和复制处理方
式。
Request for Comment(意见请
求)
语境【安全】
由 IETF 制定的与 Internet相关的规范,
包括标准、实验定义、信息文档以及最优实
现定义等。
Request intensive (application)(请求敏感型应用)
应用程序的一种特征。请求敏感型应用
是一种具有很高的I/O请求率的I/O敏感型应
用。请求敏感型应用的I/O请求通常是随机寻
址的,并且经常只是要求传输一小块数据。
process. cf. backup copy.
ReplicateCONTEXT 【Backup】
"1.(noun) A general term for a copy of a
collection of data. cf. duplicate, point in time
copy, snapshot "
2.(verb) The action of making a replicate
as defined above.
Replication linkCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A physical and logical connection that
transports data and replication control commands
between primary and secondary sites.
Replication setCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A pair of volumes that have a replication
relationship. A replication set consists of a
primary volume and a secondary volume that
are physically separated. The replication set
also defines how the primary and secondary
volumes are connected and how replication ought
to proceed.
Request for CommentCONTEXT 【Security】
"Internet -related specifications, including
s tandards , exper imenta l def in i t ions ,
informational documents and best practice
definitions, produced by the IETF."
Request intensive (application)A characterization of applications. A
request-intensive application is an I/O intensive
application characterized by a high rate of I/O
requests. Request-intensive applications' I/O
requests are usually randomly addressed and
often specify a small amount of data for transfer.
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Reserved (field)(保留字段)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1.标准中的数据结构中为未来的定义预
留的字段。一些标准规定了关于保留字段的
实现行为,例如包含保留字段的数据结构的
初始化者必须填零;而该数据结构的用户必
须忽略保留字段的值。同时,其他的标准并
没有对此进行规定。
2.由源N_Port端口填以二进制零,同时
被目标 N_Port 端口忽略的字段。在 Fibre
Channel 标准中,保留字段的每个数据位都
用“r”表示。未来对于 FC-PH 的扩充可能
会定义保留字段的用途。如果不遵守该规
定,那么就可能会出现与未来的实现(该实
现遵守了未来对FC-PH的扩充规定)不兼容
的问题。
Resilvering语境【备份】【存储系统】
镜像再同步(mirror resynchronization)
的同义词。
Responder(响应者)
语境【General】【iSCSI】【Fibre Channel】
1.【General】【iSCSI】在谈判或交换中,
对谈判或交换的发起者进行相应的部分。
2.【Fibre Channel】 target的同义词。只
在光纤通道背景中使用。
Responder Exchange Identifier(响应者交换标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由响应者指定的用于标识一个交换的标
识符。缩写为RX_ID。RX_ID只对生成该标
识符的响应者有意义。
Reserved (field)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"1.In a standard, a field in a data structure
set aside for future definition. Some standards
prescribe implementation behavior with respect
to reserved fields (e.g., originators of data
structures containing reserved fields must zero
fill them; consumers of data structures containing
reserved fields must ignore them, etc.); others
do not. "
2. A field filled with binary zeros by a
source N_Port and ignored by a destination
N_Port. Each bit in a reserved field is denoted by
“r” in the Fibre Channel standards. Future
enhancements to FC-PH may define usages for
reserved fields. Implementations should not
check or interpret reserved fields. Violation of
this guideline may result in loss of compatibility
with future implementations which comply with
future enhancements to FC-PH.
Resilvering"CONTEXT 【Backup, Storage Systems】"
Synonym for mirror resynchronization.
ResponderCONTEXT 【General】【iSCSI】 【Fibre
Channel】
"1.【General】【iSCSI】 In a negotiation
or exchange, the party that responds to the
originator of the negotiation or exchange."
2.【Fibre Channel】 Synonym for target.
Used only in Fibre Channel contexts.
Responder Exchange IdentifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An identifier assigned by a responder to
identify an exchange. Abbreviated RX_ID. An
RX_ID is meaningful only to the responder that
originates it.
188
Restoration(恢复)
语境【备份】
将备份数据拷贝到在线存储器上以供应
用程序使用的过程。一般发生在应用程序的
所有或者部分数据被破坏或者不可访问的情
况下,恢复过程就会被引发。另请参考:
recovery。
Retention period(保持周期)
语境【数据恢复】【文件系统】【依从】
1.【数据恢复】备份映像需要被保存的
时间跨度。
2.【文件系统】在一些文件系统(例如
IBM公司的 OS/390 操作系统中内嵌的文件
系统)中,保持周期是文件的一个属性,该
属性用于实现备份以及数据迁移策略。
3.【依从】依从的卷或文件必须保存不
被删除或改变的时间
Retention policy语境【生命周期管理】
管理一个记录在存储系统中保持的时刻
和时间的政策。它可以是应用于一组或一类
的记录,也可以是应用于某个单独记录保持
策略可是是基于时间或事件的。
Retimer(重定时器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种电路,该电路能够使用与输入信号
无关的时钟来生成输出信号。
Return loss(返回损耗)
语境【Fibre Channel】
返回信号的强度与产生该返回信号的入
RestorationCONTEXT 【Backup】
The copying of a backup to on-line storage
for application use. Restoration normally occurs
after part or all of an application’s data has
been destroyed or become inaccessible. cf.
recovery
Retention periodCONTEXT【Data Recovery】 【File
System】 【Compliance】
1.【Data Recovery】 The length of time
that a backup image should be kept.
"2.【File System】 In some file systems,
such as that shipped with IBM Corporation's
OS/390 operating system, a property of a file
that can be used to implement backup and data
migration policies. "
3. 【Compliance】 The length of time a
compliance volume or file must be maintained
undeleted and unchanged.
Retention policyCONTEXT 【Information Lifecycle
Management】
"A policy governing when and for how
long a record must be retained by a storage
system. This may be a rule that applies to groups
or categories of records, or may be specified for
individual records. The policy may be time or
event based."
RetimerCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A circuit that uses a clock independent of
the incoming signal to generate an outbound
signal.
Return lossCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The ratio of the strength of a returned
189
射信号强度的比值。在电子电路中,返回损
耗是由电阻的不连续性引起的。光信号返回
损耗是由折射率的差异引起的。
Reverse rejoin mirror语境【存储设备】
为了把分离的镜像组件的数据作为整体
镜像而进行的操作。当一个组件被反连接
后,镜像中所有的组件将与先前分开的镜像
组件相同。
RFC语境【安全】
意见请求(Request for Comment)的缩
写。
Risk语境【安全】
对于单个资产或一组资产的弱点进行攻
击,可能造成损失或破坏的可能威胁。
【IEEE 13335-1:1996.
Risk analysis语境【安全】
对于安全隐患的鉴定,决定它们的数
量,以及确定需要保护的区域的过程。
【IEEE 13335-1:1996】.
Risk management语境【安全】
为组织评估定量危险和简历危险承受水
平的过程 【IEEE 13335-1:1996】.
signal to that of the incident signal that caused it.
In electrical circuits, return loss is caused by
impedance discontinuities. Optical return loss is
caused by index of refraction differences."
Reverse rejoin mirrorCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"Operation performed on a split mirror
component, in order to use its data as the basis
for the mirror as a whole. When a component is
reverse rejoined, all mirror components in the
mirror become identical to the previously split
mirror component as a result of the resilver
process."
RFCCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Request for Comment
RiskCONTEXT 【Security】
The potential that a given threat will exploit
vulnerabilities of an asset or group of assets to
cause loss or damage to the assets 【IEEE
13335-1:1996.
Risk analysisCONTEXT 【Security】
"The process of identifying security risks,
determining their magnitude, and identifying
areas needing safeguards 【IEEE 13335-
1:1996】."
Risk managementCONTEXT 【Security】
The process of assessing and quantifying
risk and establishing an acceptable level of risk
for the organization 【IEEE 13335-1:1996】.
190
Robot/robotic media handler(机
械手 / 自动介质机械手)
语境【数据恢复】
一种机械手,该机械手能够执行多片可
移动存储介质的存取动作,并能够按照电子
指令以任意顺序将可移动存储介质加载到一
个或多个驱动器中(或者从驱动器中卸载)。
另请参考: library。
Rollback to snapshot语境【存储设备】
把一个卷的数据恢复成对该卷做的快照
相同的进程。
Rotational latency(旋转延迟)
语境【存储设备】
从磁盘寻道结束开始,直到磁头旋转到
I/O 请求所请求的起始数据块位置止,这之
间的时间间隔称为旋转延迟。特定 I/O 操作
请求旋转延迟的精确值,只能通过细致的磁
盘驱动器仿真或者测量方法获得。一般使用
简单的假定测量该值,即使用平均值:将磁
盘旋转周期的一半作为旋转延迟的近似值,
该方法在实际应用中也非常实用。因此,一
般都将磁盘旋转周期的一半定义为旋转延
迟。
Row(行)
语境【存储系统】
在阵列的每个成员磁盘物理盘区中,对
应于物理盘区块地址的数据块集合。在
RAID 阵列更新期间,行的概念对于尽量减
少被锁定的数据非常有用,因为这样可以最
大限度地提高执行的并行性。
RPO语境【数据恢复】
Robot/robotic media handlerCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A mechanical handler capable of storing
multiple pieces of removable media and loading
and unloading them from one or more drives in
arbitrary order in response to electronic
commands. cf. library
Rollback to snapshotCONTEXT 【Storage System】
The process of resetting a volume’s data
to become identical to a snapshot taken of that
volume.
Rotational latencyCONTEXT 【Storage Device
"The interval between the end of a disk
seek and the time at which the starting block
address specified in the I/O request passes the
disk head. Exact rotational latencies for specific
sequences of I/O operations can only be obtained
by detai led disk dr ive s imulat ion or
measurement. The simplifying assumption that
on average, requests wait for half a disk
revolution time of rotational latency works well
in practice. Half of a disk revolution time is
therefore defined to be the average rotational
latency."
RowCONTEXT 【Storage System】
The set of blocks with corresponding
physical extent block addresses in each of an
array’s member physical extents. The concept
of rows is useful for locking the minimal amount
of data during a RAID array update so as to
maximize the potential for parallel execution.
RPOCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
191
Recovery Point Objective 的缩写 .
RSA语境【安全】
公钥算法和算法设计公司的合成缩写。
RSA的名称是根据其创始人的名字(Rivest、
Shamir和 Adelman)而来的。
RSCN语境【Fibre Channel】
注册状态变化通告(registered state
change notification)的缩写。
RTOCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Recovery Time Objective 的缩写 .
RU"可替换单元(replaceable unit)的缩写。
另请参考: CRU, FRU。"
Run length(连续长度)
传输信号中连续的相同数据位的数量。
例如,数据序列0011111010的连续长度有2、
5、1、1、1 五种。
Running disparity(连续不均衡
性)
语境【Fibre Channel】
关于所有已经发送的传输字符的累积不
均衡性(正的或者负的)。
RVSN语境【数据恢复】
已记录卷序列号(recorded volume serial
number)的缩写。
SS_ID语境【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Recovery Point Objective.
RSACONTEXT 【Security】
"Acronym for both a public key algorithm
and a corporation in the business of algorithm
design, derived from the names of the founders
(Rivest, Shamir & Adelman)."
RSCNCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for registered state change
notification.
RTOCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for Recovery Time Objective.
RU"Acronym for replaceable unit. cf. CRU,
FRU"
Run length"The number of consecutive identical bits
in a transmitted signal. For example, the pattern
0011111010 has run lengths of 2, 5, 1, 1, and 1."
Running disparityCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The cumulative disparity (positive or
negative) of all previously issued transmission
characters.
RVSNCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
Acronym for recorded volume serial
number.
S_IDCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
192
源地址标识符的缩写。
S_Port(S_Port端口)
语境【Fibre Channel】
位于交换机内部的逻辑端口,可由外部
N_Port端口为获取服务而进行编址。S_Port
端口可能是一个默认的交换机端口,也可能
是一个独立的实体(例如连接到交换机并被
该交换机控制的名字服务器)。S_Port 端口
具有方便 N_Port端口识别的周知端口名。
SA语境【Security】
安全协会(Security Association)的缩
写。
SAM语境【SCSI】
S C S I 体系结构模型(S C S I
Architecture Model)的缩写。
SAN语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】【存储系
统】
1. 存储区域网络(storage area network)
的缩写。这是 SNIA资料中最常用的用法。
2.连接一个或者多个服务器的服务器区
域网络(Server Area Network)的缩写。
3.系统区域网络(System Area Network)
的缩写。其是系统单元的互联集合。
SAR语境【Security】
安全保障要求(Security Assurance
Requirements)的缩写。
SAN attached storage(SAN 附
接存储)
一个描述直接连接到存储区域网络上,
并向计算机系统提供文件、数据库、块或者
Acronym for Source Identifier.
S_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A logical port inside a switch addressable
by external N_Ports for service functions. An
S_Port may be an implicit switch port or a
separate entity such as a name server connected
to and controlled by the switch. S_Ports have
well known port names to facilitate early
discovery by N_Ports.
SACONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Security Association.
SAMCONTEXT 【SCSI】
Acronym for SCSI Architecture Model.
SANCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【iSCSI】
【Network】 【Storage System】
4.Acronym for storage area network. (This
is the normal usage in SNIA documents.)
5. Acronym for Server Area Network which
connects one or more servers.
6. Acronym for System Area Network for
an interconnected set of system elements.
SARCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Securi ty Assurance
Requirements.
SAN attached storage"A term used to refer to storage elements
that connect directly to a storage area network
and provide file, database, block, or other types
193
其他类型的数据访问服务的存储单元的术
语。缩写为SAS。能够提供文件访问服务的
SAS 单元一般称为网络附接存储或者 NAS
设备。另请参考: NAS。
SAS语境【SCSI】
串行SCSI(Serial Attached SCSI)的缩
写。
SAS Expander串行SCSI扩展器(Serial Attached SCSI
Expander)的缩写。
SATA串行ATA(Serial Advanced Technology
Attachment)的缩写。
Saturated disk(饱和磁盘)
对于磁盘的 I/O请求是如此之多,而为
了满足这些请求而使得磁盘瞬间的负载等于
或者大于其能够处理的能力极限,磁盘在某
时刻的 I/O负载已经达到或者超过了其承受
能力。从纯数学的角度看,饱和磁盘的 I/O
队列长度最终会延至无限。但是在实际应用
中,用户的反应或者其他系统因素都可以减
少对饱和磁盘的新生请求的速度。
Scale (verb)(扩展)
计算机系统增长或者支持增长的过程,
而且要求在扩展时系统的各种能力相互之间
保持固定比例。例如,在存储子系统中,通
过增加总线的方式来提高系统的数据传输能
力,与此同时,通过增加磁盘的方式来增加
系统的存储容量,这个过程就是一个扩展过
程。
Schema(架构 / 模式)
多个信息模型或者数据模型的集合。
of data access services to computer systems.
Abbreviated SAS. SAS elements that provide
file access services are commonly called
Network Attached Storage, or NAS devices. cf.
NAS"
SASCONTEXT 【SCSI】
Acronym for Serial Attached SCSI.
SAS ExpanderCONTEXT 【SCSI】
Short form of Serial Attached SCSI
Expander
SATAAcronym for Serial Advanced Technology
Attachment.
Saturated disk"A disk whose instantaneous I/O load is as
great as or greater than its capability to satisfy
t h e r e q u e s t s c o m p r i s i n g t h e l o a d .
Mathematically, a saturated disk's I/O queue
eventually becomes indefinitely long. In practice,
however, user reaction or other system factors
generally reduce the rate of new request arrival
for a saturated disk."
Scale (verb)"In computer systems, to grow or support
growth in such a way that all capabilities of the
system remain in constant ratio to each other.
For example, a storage subsystem whose data
transfer capacity increases by the addition of
buses as its storage capacity increases by the
addition of disks is said to scale."
SchemaA collection of information models or data
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Script(脚本)
1.关于一些基本 I/O总线操作(需要顺
序执行)的一个参数化列表。在端口中经常
使用到,这是因为大多数端口都能够在不需
要策略处理器协助的条件下自动执行 I/O操
作的脚本。
2. 将会被另一个程序分析并执行的指令
序列。Perl、VBScript、 JavaScript 以及Tcl都
是脚本语言。
SCSI语境【SCSI】
小型计算机系统接口(Small Computer
System Interface)的缩写。
SCSI adapter(SCSI 适配器)
语境【SCSI】
“将智能设备连接到SCSI总线上的适配
器类型。另请参考: HBA, host bus adapter。”
SCSI address(SCSI地址)
语境【SCSI】
计算机与 SCSI 设备通信过程中所使用
的完整地址,包括适配器号(在配置了多个
SCSI适配器的计算机中使用)和设备的目标
ID。SCSI地址不包括逻辑单元号,这是因为
这里的通信并没有使用到逻辑单元号。
SCSI Architecture Model(SCSI体系结构模型)
语境【SCSI】
一种 ANSI标准。这种标准定义了在定
义其它SCSI标准时的基本要求和整体框架。
当这种标准的新一代被推出时,以数字的下
标加以区别。例如,第二代标准被称为
models.
Script"1.A parameterized list of primitive I/O
bus operations intended to be executed in
sequence. Often used with respect to ports, most
of which are able to execute scripts of I/O
commands autonomously (without policy
processor assistance)."
"2. A sequence of instructions intended to
be parsed and carried out by another program.
Perl, VBScript, JavaScript and Tcl are all
scripting languages."
SCSICONTEXT 【SCSI
Acronym for Small Computer System
Interface.
SCSI adapterCONTEXT 【SCSI】
"An adapter that connects an intelligent
device to a SCSI bus. cf. HBA, host bus adapter"
SCSI addressCONTEXT 【SCSI】
"The full address used by a computer to
communicate with a SCSI device, including an
adapter number (required with computers
configured with multiple SCSI adapters), and
the target ID of the device. SCSI addresses do
not include logical unit number, because those
are not used for communication."
SCSI Architecture ModelCONTEXT 【SCSI】
An ANSI standard that defines the generic
requirements and overall framework in which
other SCSI standards are defined. New
generations of this standard are identified by a
numeric suffix; for example the second
195
SAM2。
SCSI bus(SCSI总线)
语境【SCSI】
“任何实现了 ANSI的 SCSI标准的并行
(多信号)I/O 总线。wide SCSI 总线可以连
接16 个发起者和目标。narrow SCSI总线可
以连接 8 个发起者和目标。另请参考:
initiator, target。”
SCSI Device(SCSI设备)
语境【SCSI】
SAM-2术语,指一个实体,这个实体包
含着其它SCSI实体。例如,一个SCSI启动
方设备包含着一个或几个 SCSI 启动方端口
和 0 个或几个应用客户端。
SCSI Enclosure Services(SCSI环境服务)
语境【SCSI】
一种关于环境因素(温度、电源、电压
等)管理的ANSI X3T10标准。缩写为SES。
SCSI Initiator Port(SCSI 启动方
端口)
语境【SCSI】
一个 I_T 连结的启动方端点。
SCSI Parallel Interface(SCSI并行接口)
语境【SCSI】
一种SCSI标准,这种SCSI标准定义了
并行版本的 SCSI接口的特征。缩写为SPI。
经常使用的SPI版本是SPI、SPI2和 SPI3。每
个版本都能够比其前面的版本提供更高的性
能和更强的功能。
generation standard is SAM2.
SCSI busCONTEXT 【SCSI】
"Any parallel (multi-signal) I/O bus that
implements some version of the ANSI SCSI
standard. A wide SCSI bus may connect up to16
initiators and targets. A narrow SCSI bus may
connect up to eight initiators and targets. cf.
initiator, target"
SCSI DeviceCONTEXT 【SCSI】
"This is the SAM-2 term for an entity that
contains other SCSI entities. For example, a
SCSI Initiator Device contains one or more
SCSI Initiator Ports and zero or more application
clients."
SCSI Enclosure ServicesCONTEXT 【SCSI】
" A n A N S I X 3 T 1 0 s t a n d a r d f o r
management of environmental factors such as
temperature, power, voltage, etc. Abbreviated
SES."
SCSI Initiator PortCONTEXT 【SCSI】
The initiator endpoint of an I_T nexus.
SCSI Parallel InterfaceCONTEXT 【SCSI】
"The family of SCSI standards that define
the characteristics of the parallel version of the
SCSI interface. Abbreviated SPI. Several
versions of SPI, known as SPI, SPI2, SPI3, etc.,
have been developed. Each version provides for
greater performance and functionality than
preceding ones."
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SCSI Port(SCSI 端口)
语境【SCSI】
SAM-2 术语,指SCSI 设备中的一个实
体。这个实体提供了 SCSI 功能,用来与服
务传送子系统进行接口或传输。
SCSI Target Port语境【SCSI】
I_T 连结的目标端点。
SCSI Trade Association(SCSI商业协会)
成立于1996年的一个商业联盟,其目标
是提升所有 SCSI 产品的市场份额。缩写为
STA。另请参考: http://www.scsita.org/。
SDH语境【网络】
同步数字序列系统(S y n c h r o n o u s
Digital Hierarchy)的缩写。
Sector(扇区)
语境【存储设备】
固定块结构磁盘上数据存储和出错保护
的基本单元。扇区一般由一个同步标志
(synchronization pattern)、包含该块地址的磁
头字段、数据、校验和或者纠错码以及一个
磁尾字段组成。分隔相邻扇区的磁信息主要
用于协助磁道定位。最常见的方式是每个扇
区存储一个块的数据。另请参考: disk block。
Secure hash(安全哈希算法)
语境【安全】
一种对输入信息(例如消息)进行摘要
的算法。摘要过程能够完成下列特点:不同
的输入信息绝对不会具有相同的指纹;相近
输入信息经过摘要之后的输出信息具有较大
SCSI PortCONTEXT 【SCSI】
This is the SAM-2 term for an entity in a
SCSI Device that provides the SCSI functionality
to interface with a service delivery subsystem or
transport.
SCSI Target PortCONTEXT 【SCSI】
The target endpoint of an I_T nexus.
SCSI Trade AssociationA trade association incorporated 1996 to
promote all forms of SCSI technology in the
market . Abbreviated STA. cf . ht tp: / /
www.scsita.org/
SDHCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy.
SectorCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"The unit in which data is physically stored
and protected against errors on a fixed block
architecture disk. A sector typically consists of
a synchronization pattern, a header field
containing the block’s address, data, a
checksum or error correcting code, and a trailer.
Adjacent sectors are often separated by
information used to assist in track centering.
Most often, each sector holds a block of data. cf.
disk block"
Secure hashCONTEXT 【Security】
"An algorithm that generates a digest from
its input (e.g., a message). The digest has the
properties that different inputs are extraordinarily
unlikely to have the same fingerprint, small
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的差异;同时计算上很难生成一个与给定输
入具有相同指纹的输入(即不可逆)。
Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (安全
散列算法)
语境【安全】
一种对信息进行摘要的算法,可产生
一个160 bit的摘要, 在RFC3174中被定义。
缩写为 SHA-1。
Secure Remote Password(安全
远程密码)
语境【安全】
一种认证和密匙交换系统。Internet 工
程任务组(Internet Engineering Task Force,
IETF)组织将其标准化,在RFC2945中有对
它的描述。缩写为 SRP。
Secure Sockets Layer(安全套接
字层)
语境【安全】
“一整套的,为访问 WWW的提供通信
安全性的,加密算法、协议以及处理步骤方
法。缩写为 SSL。每个 URL 之前的字符串
""https:""都会导致SSL的启用,以加强通信
的安全性。SSL的最新版本是TLS(传输级
安全,Transport Level Security),TLS 由
Internet 工程任务组(Internet Engineering
Task Force,IETF)组织设计并公布为标准。”
Security association(安全联盟)
语境【安全】
一种单向的“连接”,为在其上面进行的
通信提供安全服务。典型的安全连接,要在
两台主机或两个安全网关间进行双向的通
信,这就要求有一对安全联盟(每个方向一
个)存在。在 IPsec协议中,一个安全联盟
是由三种因素唯一确定的:安全参数索引
(SPI),要向其应用安全联盟的目标地址和
changes in its input lead to large changes in its
output, and it is computationally intractable to
generate an input that has the same fingerprint as
a given input."
Secure Hash Algorithm 1CONTEXT 【Security】
A message digest algorithm that produces
a 160 bit digest. SHA-1 is defined in RFC3174.
Acronym SHA-1.
Secure Remote PasswordCONTEXT 【Security】
An authentication and key exchange
system. Standardized by the Internet Engineering
Task Force and described in RFC 2945. Acronym
SRP.
Secure Sockets LayerCONTEXT 【Security】
"A suite of cyrptographic algorithms,
protocols and procedures used to provide security
for communications used to access the world
wide web. The characters ""https:"" at the front
of a URL cause SSL to be used to enhance
communications security. More recent versions
of SSL are known as TLS (Transport Level
Security) and are standardized by the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF)"
Security associationCONTEXT 【Security】
"A simplex ""connection"" that affords
security services to the traffic carried by it. To
secure typical, bi-directional communication
between two hosts, or between two security
gateways, two Security Associations (one in
each direction) are required. In IPsec, a security
association is uniquely identified by a triple
198
安全协议标识(身份验证标头或压缩的安全
有效载荷)。缩写为 SA。
Security Assurance Requirements(安全保障需求)
语境【安全】
一系列的保障成分(),代表了一个标
准的表述对被评估目标(TOEs)的保证需求
的方法。一旦可以,这些需求就被 I S O
15408-3:1999提出。缩写为 SAR。
Security Functional Requirements(安全功能需求)
语境【安全】
一系列的安全功能成分(),代表了一
个标准的表述对被评估目标(TOEs)的功能
需求的方法。一旦可以,这些需求就被 ISO
15408-2:1999提出。缩写为 SFR。
Security Parameters Index(安全
参数索引)
语境【安全】
一个32-bit的数字,用来唯一的确定一
个安全联盟(SA)。在 IP安全中,为了使安
全功能正常运转,安全参数索引(SPI)必须
在端点间同步。1至255间的SPI值被保留用
作标准的实施。缩写为 SPI。
Security safeguards (安全防护
措施)
语境【安全】
" 为了满足系统特定的安全要求所规定
的保护措施和控制。那些防护措施可能包含
但并非必须包含:硬件和软件安全特点、操
作流程、问责程序 、访问和分布控制、管理
限制、个人安全、物理结构、区域 , 和设备。
也叫做防护措施。"
consisting of a Security Parameters Index (SPI),
an IP Destination Address, and a security protocol
ident i f ier (Authent icat ion Header or
Encapsulating Security Payload). Acronym SA."
Security Assurance RequirementsCONTEXT 【Security】
"A set of assurance components (classes
and families) that represent a standard way of
expressing the assurance requirements for TOEs.
These requirements are drawn from ISO 15408-
3:1999, whenever possible. Acronym SAR."
Security Functional RequirementsCONTEXT 【Security】
"A set of security functional components
(classes and families) that represent a standard
way of expressing the functional requirements
for TOEs. These requirements are drawn from
ISO 15408-2:1999, whenever possible. Acronym
SFR."
Security Parameters IndexCONTEXT 【Security】
"A 32-bit number used to uniquely identify
a security association (SA). In IP Security, SPI
values must be synchronized between endpoints
for the security functions to work properly. SPI
values 1 through 255 have been reserved for use
with standard implementations. Acronym SPI."
Security safeguardsCONTEXT 【Security】
"The protective measures and controls that
are prescribed to meet the security requirements
specified for a system. Those safeguards may
include but are not necessarily limited to:
hardware and software security features,
operating procedures, accountability procedures,
access and distribution controls, management
constraints, personnel security, and physical
199
Security Target (安全目标)
语境【安全】
一系列的安全功能和安全保证要求及
规格,作为认证一个产品或系统的评估依
据,通常与 ISO 15408 相结合。缩写为ST。
Security identifier(安全标识符)
语境【安全】
尚未定义。
SEQ_ID/Sequence Identifier(SEQ_ID/序列标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
与序列中的每个帧一起传输的一个数
字,用于标识相应帧属于哪个序列。
Sequence(序列)
语境【Fibre Channel】
"一系列具有同一个序列标识符的Fibre
Channel 帧,对应于消息单元、块或者信息
单元。序列被启动方发送给接收方;如果可
能的话,启动方需要接收方向其发送一个确
认消息。另请参考: Sequence Initiator,
Sequence Recipient。"
Sequence initiative(序列主动性)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种Fibre Channel协议特性,该特性指
定了交换的哪个端具有发送下一个序列的权
利。
Sequence Initiator(序列启动方)
语境【Fibre Channel】
启动一个序列并将帧传输到目标N_Port
structures, areas, and devices. Also called
safeguards."
Security TargetCONTEXT 【Security】
A set of security functional and assurance
requirements and specifications to be used as
the basis for evaluation of an identified product
or system. It is most commonly associated with
ISO 15408. Acronym ST.
Security identifierCONTEXT 【Security】
definition coming soon
SEQ_ID/Sequence IdentifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A number transmitted with each data frame
in a sequence that identifies the frame as part of
the sequence.
SequenceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A set of Fibre Channel data frames with a
c o m m o n S e q u e n c e _ I D ( S E Q _ I D ) ,
corresponding to one message element, block,
or Information Unit. Sequences are transmitted
f rom in i t i a to r to rec ip ien t , wi th an
acknowledgment, if applicable, transmitted from
recipient to initiator. cf. Sequence Initiator,
Sequence Recipient"
Sequence initiativeCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A Fibre Channel protocol feature that
designates which end of an exchange has
authority to send the next sequence.
Sequence InitiatorCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An N_Port which initiates a sequence and
200
端口的 N_Port 端口。另请参考: Sequence
Recipient。
Sequence Recipient(序列接收
方)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个N_Port端口或者NL_Port端口,该
端口从序列启动方接收数据帧,如果需要,
并向启动方发送一个响应消息(链路控制
帧)。
Sequence Status Block(序列状
态块)
语境【Fibre Channel】
对序列的状态进行跟踪的一个数据结
构。序列启动方和序列接收方都具有关于每
个活跃序列的序列状态块。
Sequential I/O/sequential I/O load/sequential reads/sequential writes(连
续I/O / 连续I/O负载 / 连续读 / 连续写)
一个由连续发出的对连续位置的数据的
读或写请求组成的I/O负载,连续I/O是数据
传输敏感型应用程序的特征。另请参考:
random I/O。
SERDES串行化器 / 反串行化器(S e r i a l i z e r
Deserializer)的缩写。
Serial (transmission)(串行传输)
语境【Fibre Channel】
将数据位按照每次一位的方式在单条链
路上进行传输的过程。
Serial adapter(串行适配器)
“将智能设备连接到 RS232 或者 RS425
串行通信链路上的适配器类型。处于管理的
目的,有时也使用串行适配器将存储子系
统、filer 以及其他智能设备连接到串行控制
台。另请参考: adapter, host adapter。”
transmits data frames to a destination N_Port.
cf. Sequence Recipient
Sequence RecipientCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An N_Port or NL_Port which receives
Data frames from a Sequence Initiator and, if
applicable, transmits responses (Link Control
frames) to the Sequence Initiator."
Sequence Status BlockCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A data structure which tracks the state of a
sequence. Both Sequence Initiators and Sequence
Recipients have Sequence Status Blocks for
each active sequence.
Sequential I/O/sequential I/O load/sequential reads/sequential writes
An I/O load consisting of consecutively
issued read or write requests to adjacently located
data. Sequential I/O is characteristic of data
transfer intensive applications. cf. random I/O
SERDESAcronym for Serializer Deserializer.
Serial (transmission)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The transmission of data bits one at a time
over a single link.
Serial adapter"An adapter that connects an intelligent
device to an RS232 or RS425 ser ia l
communications link. Serial adapters are
sometimes used by storage subsystems, filers,
and other intelligent devices to connect to serial
201
Serial Advanced TechnologyAttachment
串行ATA(SATA)是ATA接口的演变,
从 ATA 的并行总线演变成为串行连接的结
构。缩写为 SATA。
Serial Attached SCSI(串行连接
的SCSI)语境【SCSI】
一种 SCSI 接口标准,这种标准为 SAS
和SATA磁盘,磁带驱动器及其它SAS设备
提供了连接HBAs 和 RAID的控制器。国际
资讯技术标准委员会(INCITS)的T10子委
员会负责SAS的国内(ANSI)和国际(ISO)
标准。另请参考:www.t10.org
Serial Attached SCSI Expander(串行连接SCSI 扩展器)
语境【SCSI】
一种交换机设备。这种设备可使多种
SAS设备互相连接起来。
Serial console(串行控制台)
一种真实的或者模拟的通信终端,串行
控制台一般由操作人员用于管理某个智能设
备。串行控制台与被管理设备的串行适配器
相连。
Serial SCSI(串行SCSI)语境【SCSI】
任何使用串行数据传输的 SCSI 实现,
其与多主动设备并行总线(multi-conductor
parallel bus)正好相对。光或者电 Fibre
Channel、SSA和IEEE1394都是串行SCSI的
例子。
Serializer deserializer(串行化器
反串行化器)
consoles for management purposes. cf. adapter,
host adapter"
Serial Advanced TechnologyAttachment
Serial ATA (SATA) is the evolution of the
ATA interface from a parallel bus to serial
connection architecture. Acronym SATA.
Serial Attached SCSICONTEXT 【SCSI】
"A SCSI interface standard that provides
for attaching HBAs and RAID controllers to
both SAS and SATA disk and tape drives, as
well as other SAS devices. INCITS Technical
Committee T10 is responsible for the national
(ANSI) and international (ISO) standards for
SAS, cf. www.t10.org"
Serial Attached SCSI ExpanderCONTEXT 【SCSI】
A switching device that allows multiple
SAS devices to be connected to each
Serial consoleA real or emulated communication terminal
used by humans to manage an intelligent device.
Serial consoles connect to the devices’ serial
adapters.
Serial SCSICONTEXT 【SCSI】
"Any implementation of SCSI that uses
serial data transmission (as opposed to multi-
conductor parallel buses). Optical and electrical
Fibre Channel, SSA and IEEE 1394 are examples
of serial SCSI implementations."
Serializer deserializerA mechanism for converting data from
202
一种将并行数据转换成串行数据或者相
反的机制。
Server(服务器)
1.一种能够为其他智能设备(通常是其
他计算机或者设备)提供服务的智能设备
(通常是一台计算机)。另请参考: client。
2.与第二方(客户机)之间的不对称关
系,在这种关系中,客户机发出请求,同时
服务器响应这些请求。
Server based virtualization(基于
服务器的虚拟化)
在主机内部实现(而非在存储子系统或
者存储设备中实现)的虚拟化。虚拟化既可
以在主机中实现,也可以在存储子系统或者
存储设备中实现,还可以在存储互联 fabric
中的特定虚拟化装置中实现。
Serverless backup(Server-less备份)
语境【数据备份】
一种备份技术,该技术利用除LAN服务
器以外的设备来复制数据。这个设备可能是
一个网络附加控制器(如 SCSI 扩展复制),
一个 SAN装置,或一个备份服务器。
Server Message Block (protocol)(服务器消息块协议)
语境【网络】
一种网络文件系统访问协议,由
Microsoft公司设计并实现,Windows客户机
使用该协议向 Windows 服务器发送文件访
问请求。缩写为 SMB。SMB 协议的当前版
本是CIFS(通用Internet文件系统,Common
Internet File System)。
parallel to serial form and from serial to parallel
form.
Server"1.An intelligent device, usually a
computer, that provides services to other
intelligent devices, usually other computers or
appliances. cf. client"
2.An asymmetric relationship with a
second party (a client) in which the client initiates
requests and the server responds to those requests.
Server based virtualization"Virtualization implemented in a host
computer rather than in a storage subsystem or
storage appliance. Virtualization can be
implemented either in host computers, in storage
subsystems or storage appliances, or in a specific
virtualization appliances in the storage
interconnect fabric."
Serverless backupCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
"A backup methodology that utilizes a
device other than the server to copy data without
using the LAN. The copy may be performed by
a network-attached controller (e.g., utilizing
SCSI Extended Copy), by an appliance within
the SAN, or by a Backup Server. "
Server Message Block (protocol)CONTEXT 【Network】
"A network file system access protocol
designed and implemented by Microsoft
Corporation and used by Windows clients to
communicate file access requests to Windows
servers. Abbreviated SMB. Current versions of
the SMB protocol are usually referred to as
CIFS, the Common Internet File System."
203
Service incident standard(服务
事件标准)
语境【管理】
一种DMTF标准,这种标准定义了处理
一个支持中心事件的方法。
Service level agreement(服务等
级协定)
服务提供者(例如 IT 部门、Internet 服
务提供商或者作为服务器使用的智能设备)
与服务使用者之间的一种协议。服务等级协
定定义了衡量服务的参数,并规定了这些参
数的定量值。缩写为 SLA。
Service Level Objective(服务等
级目标)
将一个服务等级协定(SLA)划分成
为单独的公制和操作信息,来强制执行和 /
或监测服务等级协定(SLA)。“服务等级目
标”可被定义为服务等级协定(SLA)、服务
等级规范(SLS)的一部分,也可作为一份
单独的文档。它是一系列的参数和参数值。
强制执行和报告被监测的法规遵从性可作为
一个或多个策略被实施。(又见“服务等级协
定(SLA)”。)
Service Location Protocol(服务
定位协议)
一种 IETF标准追踪协议,这种协议
为网络应用提供了一个框架,使其可在企业
网络中动态的发现网络服务的存在、位置和
配置。缩写为 SLP。
SES语境【SCSI】【标准】
1.SCSI 环境服务(SCSI Enclosure
Services)的缩写。
2.方案交换标准(Solution Exchange
Standard)的缩写。
Service incident standardCONTEXT 【Management】
A DMTF standard that defines how a
support or help desk incident is processed.
Service level agreement"An agreement between a service provider,
such as an IT department, an internet services
provider, or an intelligent device acting as a
server, and a service consumer. A service level
agreement defines parameters for measuring the
service, and states quantitative values for those
parameters. Abbreviated SLA."
Service Level Objective"Partitions an SLA into individual metrics
and operational information to enforce and/or
monitor the SLA. ""Service Level Objectives""
may be defined as part of an SLA, an SLS, or in
a separate document. It is a set of parameters
and their values. The actions of enforcing and
reporting monitored compliance can be
implemented as one or more policies. (See also
""Service Level Agreement"".)"
Service Location Protocol"An IETF standards track protocol that
provides a framework to allow networking
applications to dynamically discover the
existence, location, and configuration of
networked services in enterprise networks.
Acronym SLP."
SESCONTEXT 【SCSI】 【Standards】
1.Acronym for SCSI Enclosure Services
2.Acronym for Solution Exchange
Standard.
204
SFR语境【安全】
安全功能需求(Security Functional
Requirements)的缩写。
SHA-1语境【安全】
安全散列算法(Secure Hash Algorithm
1)的缩写。
Share(共享资源)
语境【文件系统】
其他计算机系统的用户也能够使用的当
前计算机系统上的数据或者打印机等资源。
例如,打印机或者存储在文件服务器上的单
个目录中的文件都可以作为共享资源使用。
CIFS客户机(几乎所有的联网个人电脑都属
于这个范畴)一般将共享资源映射成一个驱
动器字母。
Shielded enclosure(屏蔽空间)
语境【安全】
一种用于削弱电磁辐射的房间或者容
器。
Shelf(机架)
语境【存储系统】
一种存放存储设备(磁盘和磁带)的模
块化的机架结构。存储机架通常包括供电电
源和散热设备,以及预先布好线的背板(为
安装到其上的设备提供电源和 I/O 总线信
号)。另请参考: canister。
SIA1. 半导体行业协会(Semiconductor
Industries Association)组织的缩写。
2 . S C S I 行业协会(S C S I I n d u s t r y
Association)组织的缩写。
SFRCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Securi ty Functional
Requirements.
SHA-1CONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Secure Hash Algorithm 1.
ShareCONTEXT 【File System】
"A resource such as data or a printer device
made available for use by users on other computer
systems. For example, a printer or a collection of
files stored in a single directory tree on a file
server may be made available as a share. CIFS
clients, which include most networked personal
computers, typically map a share to a drive
letter."
Shielded enclosureCONTEXT 【Security】
A room or container designed to attenuate
electromagnetic radiation.
ShelfCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A modular enclosure for storage devices
(disks and tapes). Storage shelves usually contain
power supplies and cooling devices, and have
pre-wired backplanes that carry power and I/O
bus signals to the devices mounted in them. cf.
canister"
SIA1.Acronym for Semiconductor Industries
Association.
2.A c r o n y m f o r S C S I I n d u s t r y
Association.
205
Simple name server(简单名字服
务器)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
一种由 Fibre Channel 交换机提供的服
务,该服务能够简化连接到 fabric上的设备
发现过程。
SID安全标识符(Security Identifier)的缩
写。
Simple Network ManagementProtocol(简单网络管理协议)
语境【网络】【标准】
一种用于监控和管理网络上的系统和设
备的IETF协议。被监控和管理的数据由MIB
定义。该协议支持的功能包括数据请求和检
索、数据设置或者写入以及标志事件发生的
陷阱。
Single (component) configuration(单组件结构)
不包括冗余组件的一种结构。另请参
考: redundant (component)。
Single ended (signaling)(单端发
送信号)
语境【SCSI】
电子信号的一种发送技术。在该技术
中,所有的控制和数据信号都用信号线与公
共 地 的 电 压 差 来 表 示 。 另 请 参 考 :
differential。
Single mode (fiber optic cable)(单
模光缆)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
一种fiber光缆规范,该规范能够提供最
远达 10 公里远的设备互联。
Simple name serverCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
A service provided by a Fibre Channel
switch that simplifies discovery of devices
attached to the fabric.
SIDAcronym for Security Identifier.
Simple Network ManagementProtocol
CONTEXT 【Network】 【Standards
"An IETF protocol for monitoring and
managing systems and devices in a network.
The data being monitored and managed is defined
by a MIB. The functions supported by the
protocol are the request and retrieval of data, the
setting or writing of data, and traps that signal
the occurrence of events."
Single (component) configurationA configuration in which the referenced
component is not redundant. cf. redundant
(component)
Single ended (signaling)CONTEXT 【SCSI】
An electrical signaling technique in which
all control and data signals are represented by a
voltage difference from a common ground. cf.
differential
Single mode (fiber optic cable)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
A fiber optic cabling specification that
provides for up to 10 kilometer distance between
devices.
206
Single point of failure(单点故障)
系统中的一个组件或者通路,该组件或
者通路的故障将导致整个系统瘫痪。缩写为
SPOF。
SIS语境【管理】【标准】
服务相关标准(S e r v i c e I n c i d e n t
Standard)的缩写。
SLA服务等级协定(S e r v i c e L e v e l
Agreement)的缩写。
SLO服务等级目标(Service Level Objective)
的缩写。
SLP服务定位协议(S e r v i c e L o c a t i o n
Protocol)。
Small Computer System Interface(SCSI)(小型计算机系统接口 SCSI)
语境【SCSI】
一个关于ANSI标准以及提案标准的集
合,定义了如何通过主机总线适配器将存储
子系统或者设备连接到主机上的 I/O 总线。
最初的意图主要是为小型计算机系统(桌上
电脑或者桌面工作站)使用,但是 SCSI 目
前已经被扩展到大多数的计算机系统中了,
满足各种计算应用,并且实践证明 SCSI 已
经是目前使用最广泛的 I/O总线类型。
Small read request/small writerequest/small I/O request(小型读请
求 / 小型写请求 / 小型 I/O请求)
只要求传输相对少量数据的 I/O、读或
者写请求。“小型”的标准通常与相应的语境
有关,但是一般都指的是 8KByte 或者更小
Single point of failure"One component or path in a system, the
failure of which would make the system
inoperable. Abbreviated SPOF."
SISCONTEXT 【Management】 【Standards
Acronym for Service Incident Standard.
SLAAcronym for Service Level Agreement.
SLOAcronym for Service Level Objective.
SLPAcronym for Service Location Protocol.
Small Computer System Interface(SCSI)
CONTEXT 【SCSI】
"A collection of ANSI standards and
proposed standards which define I/O buses
primarily intended for connecting storage
subsystems or devices to hosts through host bus
adapters. Originally intended primarily for use
with small (desktop and desk-side workstation)
computers, SCSI has been extended to serve
most computing needs, and is arguably the most
widely implemented I/O bus in use today."
Small read request/small writerequest/small I/O request
"An I/O, read, or write request that specifies
the transfer of a relatively small amount of data.
‘Small’ usually depends on the context, but
most often refers to 8 KBytes or fewer. cf. large
207
的数据量。另请参考: large I/O request。
SMB语境【文件系统】【网络】
服务器消息块(Server Message Block)
的缩写。
SMI语境【Fibre Channel】【管理】【网络】
1. 【SNIA】 存储网络行业协会(SNIA)
的存储管理计划(SMI)开发并标准化了通
用的存储管理技术,包括为产品提供一直性
测试。
2. 【Fibre Channel】 【管理】 【网络】 管
理信息结构(Structure of Management
Information)的缩写。
SMI-S语境【SNIA】【标准】
存储管理接口标准( S t o r a g e
Management Initiative Specification)的缩写。
SMPTE语境【标准】
电影电视工程师学会(Society of Motion
Picture and Television Engineers)组织的缩
写。
Snapshot(快照)
语境【备份】【存储系统】
关于指定数据集合的一个完全可用拷
贝,该拷贝包括相应数据在某个时间点(拷
贝开始的时间点)的映像。快照可以是其所
表示的数据的一个副本(duplicate),也可以
是数据的一个复制品(replicate)。
SNIA语境【网络】【标准】【存储系统】
I/O request"
SMBCONTEXT 【File System】 【Network】
Acronym for Server Message Block.
SMIC O N T E X T 【F i b r e C h a n n e l 】
【Management】 【Network】
"1.【SNIA】 The Storage Networking
Industry Association's (SNIA) Storage
Management Initiative (SMI) develops and
standardizes interoperable storage management
technologies, including providing conformance
testing for products."
2.【Fibre Channel】 【Management】
【Network】 Acronym for Structure of
Management Information.
SMI-SCONTEXT 【SNIA】【Standards】
Acronym for Storage Management
Initiative Specification.
SMPTECONTEXT 【Standards】
Acronym for Society of Motion Picture
and Television Engineers.
SnapshotCONTEXT 【Backup】 【Storage System】
A fully usable copy of a defined collection
of data that contains an image of the data as it
appeared at the point in time at which the copy
was initiated. A snapshot may be either a
duplicate or a replicate of the data it represents.
SNIACONTEXT 【Network】 【Standards】
208
全球网络存储工业协会(S t o r a g e
Networking Industry Association)组织的缩
写。
Sniffer(嗅探器)
语境【安全】
一种能够监控和识别网络传输报文的软
件工具。
SNMP语境【网络】【管理】
简单网络管理协议(Simple Network
Management Protocol)的缩写。
SNS语境【网络】
简单名字服务器(Simple Name Server)
的缩写。
Society of Motion Picture andTelevision Engineers(电影电视工程
师学会)
语境【标准】
一个行业联盟,其目标是对电视和电影
行业信息交换协议进行标准化。
Soft zone(软分区)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一个包括分区成员的分区,这些分区成
员之间允许通过 fabric互相通信。
" 软分区一般通过绑定名字服务器和
Fibre Channel协议的方式实现——在有端口
连接到该名字服务器,并且该名字服务器只
返回与请求端口处于同一分区内的 Fibre
Channel 端口的信息。这种技术就避免了分
区之外的端口被发现,因此,Fibre Channel
协议不会企图与分区之外的端口进行通信。
相对于硬分区而言,软分区并非是硬件强制
实现的,例如,一个错发到某个端口的数据
帧不可能被该端口接收,因此也不会被转
发。周知地址(链路)一般都隐含在每个分
【Storage System】
Acronym for Storage Networking Industry
Association.
SnifferCONTEXT 【Security】
A software tool for auditing and identifying
network traffic packets.
SNMPCONTEXT 【Network】 【Management】
Acronym for Simple Network Management
Protocol.
SNSCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Simple Name Server.
Society of Motion Picture andTelevision Engineers
CONTEXT 【Standards】
An indistry association whose goal is to
standardize television and motion picture
industry information interchange protocols.
Soft zoneCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A zone consisting of zone members that
are permitted to communicate with each other
via the fabric.
"Soft zones are typically implemented
through a combination of name server and Fibre
Channel protocol -- when a port contacts the
name server, the name server returns information
only about Fibre Channel ports in the same
zone(s) as the requesting port. This prevents
ports outside the zone(s) from being discovered
and hence the Fibre Channel protocol will not
attempt to communicate with such ports. In
contrast to hard zones, soft zones are not enforced
209
区内。另请参考: zone, hard zone。"
SOF语境【Fibre Channel】
帧起始(start of frame)的缩写。
Soft link语境【文件系统】
符号链接(symbolic link)的同义词。
Solicited control语境【Fibre Channel】
在Fibre Channel帧帧头中表示的一种信
息分类。
Solicited data语境【Fibre Channel】
在Fibre Channel帧帧头中表示的一种信
息分类。
Solid state disk(固态磁盘)
语境【存储设备】
一种磁盘,其存储容量由固态随机访问
存储器提供,而不是由磁介质或者光介质提
供。与旋转磁盘相比,固态磁盘一般能够提
供很高的访问性能,这是因为在固态磁盘
中,访问数据没有机械寻道时间和旋转时
间。固态磁盘也能够达到很高的数据传输能
力。但是,固态磁盘的单字节造价一般都很
高,同时记录密度也比较低。固态磁盘包括
诸如电池备份或者后备磁存储(magnetic
backing store)等机制,这些机制允许其操作
环境将其作为一个非易失性存储器使用。另
请参考: RAMdisk。
by hardware; e.g., a frame that is erroneously
addressed to a port that should not receive it will
nonetheless be delivered. Well known addresses
{link} are implicitly included in every zone. cf.
zone, hard zone"
SOFCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for start of frame.
Soft linkCONTEXT 【File System】
Synonym for symbolic link.
Solicited controlCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An information category indicated in a
Fibre Channel frame header.
Solicited dataCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
An information category indicated in a
Fibre Channel frame header.
Solid state diskCONTEXT 【Storage Device
"A disk whose storage capability is
provided by solid-state random access memory
rather than magnetic or optical media. A solid
state disk generally offers very high access
performance compared to that of rotating
magnetic disks, because it eliminates mechanical
seek and rotation time. It may also offer very
high data transfer capacity. Cost per byte of
storage, however, is typically quite high, and
volumetric density is lower. A solid state disk
include some mechanism such as battery backup
or magnetic backing store that allows its
operating environment to treat it as non-volatile
storage. cf. RAMdisk"
210
Solution Exchange Standard(方
案交换标准)
语境【管理】
一种DMTF标准,该标准定义了支持或
者桌面帮助的信息交换。
Service Incident Standard(服务
相关标准)
语境【管理】
一种DMTF标准,该标准定义了支持或
者桌面帮助事件的处理方法。
SONET语境【网络】
同步光纤网络(Synchronous Optical
Network)的缩写。
Source Identifier(源标识符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel帧中标识帧的源地址的数
字。缩写为S_ID。另请参考: D_ID。
Source N_Port(源N_Port)语境【Fibre Channel】
发送 FC 帧的 N_Port端口。
“Spare (diSk, extent)(备用磁盘 /盘区)”
语境【存储系统】
一种预留对象,目的是在类似对象发生
故障时能够用其替换之。
Special character(特殊字符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在传输代码中是有效的,但是并不对应
于有效数据的任何传输字符。特殊字符用于
表示特殊功能。
Solution Exchange StandardCONTEXT 【Management】
A DMTF standard that defines the exchange
of support or help desk information.
Service Incident StandardCONTEXT 【Management】
A DMTF standard that defines how a
support or help desk incident is processed.
SONETCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Synchronous Optical
Network.
Source IdentifierCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A number in a Fibre Channel frame that
identifies the source of the frame. Abbreviated
S_ID. cf. D_ID
Source N_PortCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
The N_Port from which a frame is
transmitted.
"Spare (disk, extent) "CONTEXT 【Storage System】
An object reserved for the purpose of
substitution for a like object in case of that
object's failure.
Special characterCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Any transmission character that is valid in
the transmission code but does not correspond
to a valid data byte. Special characters are used
to denote special functions.
211
Special code(特殊代码)
语境【Fibre Channel】
使用由传输代码所指定的规则对特殊字
符进行编码而得到的代码。特殊代码通常用
于和协议管理相关的控制信号(比如
K28.5)。
SPI语境【SCSI】【安全】
1.【SCSI】 SCSI并行接口(SCSI Parallel
Interface)的缩写。
2.【安全】安全参数索引(Secur i ty
Parameters Index)的缩写。
SCSI并行接口(SCSI Parallel Interface)
的缩写。
Spiral data transfer rate(全速率
数据传输)
满卷传输速率(full volume transfer rate)
的同义词。
Split I/O request(拆分 I/O 请求)
1.一种对虚拟磁盘的 I/O请求,该请求
需要两个或者更多个 I/O 操作才能完成,这
是因为请求中的虚拟数据地址映射到一个或
者多个磁盘上的多个盘区。
2.一种应用程序 I/O请求,该请求被文
件系统或者其他操作系统组件分成两个或者
更多个子请求,这是因为所请求的数据量对
于操作环境来说太大,不能作为一个单元进
行处理。
Split mirror(分离镜像)
Split mirror copy(分离镜像拷贝)
Split mirror point in time copy (分
离镜像即时拷贝)
语境【存储系统】
是时间点拷贝实现的一种,或者是拷贝
结果所使用的存储器和拷贝的源数据保持同
Special codeCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A code which, when encoded using the
rules specified by the transmission code, results
in a special character. Special codes are typically
associated with control signals related to protocol
management (e.g., K28.5)."
SPICONTEXT 【SCSI】 【Security】
1.【SCSI】 Acronym for SCSI Parallel
Interface.
2.【Security】 Acronym for Security
Parameters Index.
Spiral data transfer rateSynonym for full volume transfer rate.
Split I/O request"1.An I/O request to a virtual disk which
requires two or more I/O operations to satisfy,
because the virtual data addresses in the request
map to more than one extent on one or more
disks "
2.An application I/O request that is divided
into two or more sub-requests by a file system or
other operating system component because the
amount of data requested is too large for the
operating environment to handle as a unit.
Split mirrorSplit mirror copySplit mirror point in time copy
CONTEXT 【Storage System】
Any of a class of point in time copy
implementations or the resulting copies in which
212
步-然后再分离。分离镜像拷贝占用和拷贝
源数据同样多的存储资源。
语境【备份】
对某个数据集合生成冻结映像的方法。
分离镜像的冻结映像是一系列存储设备,包
含有冻结映像创建时刻数据的完整拷贝。在
分离镜像的冻结映像使用完后,存储设备的
内容都必须和分离的源数据内容进行再同
步。
SPOF单点故障(Single Point Of Failure)的
缩写。
Spoofing(欺骗)
语境【安全】
攻击者通过非法使用合法身份和认证数
据来模拟与一个攻击者身份不同的主体。欺
骗的方式有 impersonating、masquerading、
piggybacking 和 mimicking。
SR语境【Fibre Channel】
序列接收方(Sequence Recipient)的缩
写。
SRM语境【管理】
存储资源管理(s t o r a g e r e s o u r c e
management)的缩写。
SRP语境【安全】
安全远程密码(S e c u r e R e m o t e
Password)的缩写。
the storage for the copy is synchronized to the
source of the copy and then split. A split mirror
copy occupies as much storage as the source of
the copy.
CONTEXT 【Backup】
"A method for generating a frozen image
of a set of data. A split mirror frozen image is a
set of storage devices containing a complete
copy of data as of the moment of frozen image
creation. When a split mirror frozen image has
served its purpose, the contents of the storage
devices it occupies must be resynchronized with
the original data from which it was split."
SPOFAcronym for Single Point Of Failure.
SpoofingCONTEXT 【Security】
"Unauthor ized use of leg i t imate
indentification and authentication data to mimic
a subject different from the attacker.
Impersonating, masquerading, piggybacking and
mimicking are forms of spoofing."
SRCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Sequence Recipient.
SRMCONTEXT 【Management】
Acronym for storage resource management.
SRPCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Secure Remote Password.
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SSIDAcronym for iSCSI Session Identifi语境【iSCSI】
iSCSI 会话标识符(iSCSI Sess ion
Identifier)的缩写。
SSL语境【安全】
安全套接字层(Secure Sockets Layer)的
缩写。
ST语境【安全】
安全目标(Security Target)的缩写。
STASCSI商业协会(SCSI Trade Association
)组织的缩写。
Stand alone drive(独立驱动器)
语境【数据恢复】
一种可移动介质驱动器类型,这种驱动
器没有介质栈或者机械手。
Standard interconnect(标准互
联)
语境【标准】
一种 I/O或者网络互联,其规范对于公
众是公开的,因此,这种互联能够很容易地
在厂家的产品中实现,同时不需要授权和专
利费。也称为开放式互联。
Star(星形结构)
一种网络物理结构,在该结构的网络
中,每个节点都直接连接到,并且只连接到
一个中央节点上。所有的通信都要通过中央
节点,中央节点可能是集线器或者交换机。
Start of frame(帧开始)
语境【Fibre Channel】
SSIDCONTEXT 【iSCSI】
Acronym for iSCSI Session Identifier.
SSLCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Secure Sockets Layer.
STCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Security Target.
STAAcronym for SCSI Trade Association .
Stand alone driveCONTEXT 【Data Recovery】
A removable media drive that is not
associated with a media stacker or robot.
Standard interconnectCONTEXT 【Standards】
"An I/O or network interconnect whose
specifications are readily available to the public,
and which can therefore easily be implemented
in a vendor’s products without license or royalty
payments. Also called open interconnect."
Star"A physical network configuration in which
every node is connected directly to, and only to,
a central point. All communications pass through
the central point, which may be a hub or a
switch."
Start of frameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
214
一组有序集,表示 FC 帧的开始。
Storage area network(存储区域
网络)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】【存储系
统】
1.一种网络类型,其主要目的是支持
计算机系统与存储单元之间和存储单元与存
储单元之间的数据传输。缩写为SAN。SAN
由通信基础架构(提供物理连接)和管理层
(对连接、存储单元和计算机系统进行组织,
以保证数据传输的安全性和强壮性)。SAN
的术语在许多时候(但并不一定)是指块 I/
O 服务,而不是文件访问服务。
2.由网络上通信的存储单元、存储设
备、计算机系统和专用设备,以及所有的控
制软件组成的存储系统。
Storage array(存储阵列)
语境【存储系统】
来自于一个或者多个可公共访问的存储
子系统中的磁盘或者磁带集合,这些磁盘或
者磁带由控制软件统一管理。
Storage controller(存储控制器)
语境【存储系统】
存储设备所连接的智能控制器。
Storage device(存储设备)
语境【存储设备】
磁盘、磁带、磁盘阵列、磁带阵列以及
任何其他能够进行非易失数据存储的机制的
统称。该定义不包括集合性的存储单元,例
如RAID 阵列子系统、自动磁带库、filer 和
文件服务器。
A group of ordered sets that delineates the
beginning of a frame.
Storage area networkCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
【Storage System】
"1. A network whose primary purpose is
the transfer of data between computer systems
and storage elements and among storage
elements. Abbreviated SAN. A SAN consists of
a communication infrastructure, which provides
physical connections, and a management layer,
which organizes the connections, storage
elements, and computer systems so that data
transfer is secure and robust. The term SAN is
usually (but not necessarily) identified with
block I/O services rather than file access
services."
"2.A storage system consisting of storage
elements, storage devices, computer systems,
and/or appliances, plus all control software,
communicating over a network."
Storage arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A collection of disks or tapes from one or
more commonly accessible storage subsystems,
combined with a body of control software."
Storage controllerCONTEXT 【Storage System】
An intelligent controller to which storage
devices are attached.
storage deviceCONTEXT 【Storage Device】
"A collective term for disks, tapes, disk
arrays, tape arrays, and any other mechanisms
capable of non-volatile data storage. This
definition is specifically intended to exclude
aggregating storage elements such as RAID
215
Storage device virtualization(存
储设备虚拟化)
存储设备(例如磁盘、磁带驱动器以及
RAID 框架等)的虚拟化。
Storage domain(存储域)
语境【存储系统】
存储资源以及其支撑软件和接口的集
合,该集合中的所有要素都被作为一个单元
进行管理。
Storage element(存储单元)
任何为永久数据存储和传输而设计和构
造的设备。该定义包括磁盘驱动器、磁带驱
动器、RAID阵列子系统、自动磁带库、filer、
文件服务器以及任何其他类型的存储设备。
Storage extent(存储盘区)
一个连续的字节阵列—连续的或虚拟的
—作为一个存储容器暴露在外。存储盘区的
实例可以是可移动介质,也可以是非移动介
质。另请参考: extent。
Storage Interoperability(存储互
操作性)
存储设备、产品或系统一起以一种正确
的、可预测且可互换的方式工作的能力。
Storage Management Initiative Specification(存储管理接口标准)
语境【SNIA】【标准】
一种由SNIA开发的标准的存储管理
接口。缩写为 SMI-S。
array subsystems, robotic tape libraries, filers,
and file servers."
Storage device virtualization"Virtualization of storage devices such as
disk, tape drive, RAID shelves, etc."
Storage domainCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A collection of storage resources and
supporting software and interfaces that are
managed as a unit.
Storage element"Any device designed and built primarily
for the purpose of persistent data storage and
delivery. This definition is specifically intended
to encompass disk drives, tape drives, RAID
array subsystems, robotic tape libraries, filers,
file servers, and any other types of storage
devices."
Storage extentA contiguous array of bytes — real or
virtual — as exposed by a storage container. A
storage extent instance may represent either
removable or nonremoveable media. cf. extent
Storage Interoperability"The ability of storage devices, products,
or systems to work together in a correct,
predictable and interchangeable fashion. "
Storage Management Initiative Specification
CONTEXT 【SNIA】【Standards】
A standard storage management interface
developed by SNIA. Acronym SMI-S.
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Storage networking(存储联网)
创建、安装、管理或者使用网络的行为,
这些行为的目的是进行计算机系统与存储单
元之间和存储单元与存储单元之间的数据传
输。
Storage Networking IndustryAssociation(全球网络存储工业协会)
语境【网络】【标准】【存储系统】
一个存储网络产品的生产者和使用者的
协会,其目标是深化存储网络技术和应用。
缩写为 SNIA。
Storage resource management(存储资源管理)
语境【管理】
物理和逻辑存储资源的管理。这些存储
资源包括存储单元、存储设备、专用设备、
虚拟设备、磁盘卷和文件资源。
Storage security (存储安全)
语境【安全】
为保护存储资源和数据被未经授权的用
户访问所作的技术上的控制,可能包含这些
资源和数据的完整性、保密性和可用性。
Storage subsystem(存储子系统)
语境【存储系统】
一个集成的系统,该系统包括:(a.)存
储控制器和主机总线适配器;(b.)存储设备
(例如磁盘、CDROM、磁带)、介质加载器
和机械手;(c.)任何必需的控制软件,为一
个或者多个计算机提供存储服务。
Storage subsystem virtualization(存储子系统虚拟化)
Storage networking"The practice of creating, installing,
administering, or using networks whose primary
purpose is the transfer of data between computer
systems and storage elements and among storage
elements."
Storage Networking IndustryAssociation
CONTEXT 【Network】 【Standards】
【Storage System】
An association of producers and consumers
of storage networking products whose goal is to
further storage networking technology and
applications Acronym SNIA.
Storage resource managementCONTEXT 【Management】
"Management of physcial and logical
storage resources, including storage elements,
storage devices, appliances, virtual devices, disk
volume and file resources."
Storage securityCONTEXT 【Security】
"Technical controls that protect storage
resources and data from unauthorized users and
may include integrity, confidentiality and
availability of the those resources and data."
Storage subsystemCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"An integrated collection of (a.) storage
controllers and/or host bus adapters, (b.) storage
devices such as disks, CDROMs, tapes, media
loaders and robots, and (c.) any required control
software, that provides storage services to one
or more computers."
Storage subsystem virtualizationThe implementation of virtualization in a
217
存储子系统中虚拟化的实现。
Storage virtualization(存储虚拟
化)
1.从应用程序、计算机服务器或者普
通网络资源中提取、隐藏或者分离存储系统
或者服务的内部功能的行为,其目的是使应
用程序和网络与存储或者数据的管理相互独
立。
2.存储服务或者设备的虚拟化应用,其
目的是集中、隐藏复杂性或者为低级存储资
源添加新功能。
Storage volume(存储卷)
在CIM中,存储卷是CIM_StorageExtent
类的一个子类,表示提供给操作系统(比如由
硬件RAID机柜提供)、文件系统(比如由软
件卷管理器提供)或者其他实体的一个对象。
存储卷不是CIM_StorageRedundancyGroup的
组成部分。存储卷可以直接用硬件实现,或者
在低级盘区上组装和构造得到。
Store and forward (switching)(存
储转发交换)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
一种交换技术,该技术在决定路由之前
需要对整个帧进行缓冲。
Stream语境【文件系统】【网络】
1. 在一个专门的协议下传输的实时流媒
体内容。
2. 在CIFS协议中指一个子文件。 NFSv4
的命名属性(Named Attributes)提供了相同
的功能。
storage subsystem.
Storage virtualization"1.The act of abstracting, hiding, or isolating
the internal function of a storage (sub) system or
service from applications, compute servers or
general network resources for the purpose of
enabling application and network independent
management of storage or data."
"2. The application of virtualization to
storage services or devices for the purpose of
aggregating, hiding complexity or adding new
capabilities to lower level storage resources."
Storage volume"In CIM, a StorageVolume is a subclass of
CIM_StorageExtent and represents an object
presented to an operating system, for example,
by a hardware RAID cabinet), to a file system
(for example, by a software volume manager) or
to another entity. Storage volumes do NOT
participate in CIM_StorageRedundancyGroups.
They are directly realized in hardware or are the
end result of assembling and building on lower
level extents."
Store and forward (switching)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
A switching technique that requires
buffering an entire frame before a routing
decision is made.
StreamCONTEXT 【File System】 【Network】
1. Continuous media content served over a
specialized protocol in real-time.
2. A subfile in the CIFS protocol. NFSv4
provides equivalent functionality using Named
Attributes.
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Streamed sequence(流式序列)
语境【Fibre Channel】
在任何交换服务种类中,在已经有序列
打开用于交换时,由序列启动方启动的一个
新序列。
Strip(条带)
语境【存储系统】
在单个阵列盘区中,一系列连续编址的
磁盘块。磁盘阵列使用分条来将虚拟磁盘块
地址映射为编号的磁盘块地址。也被称为分
条单元(stripe element)。
Strip size(条带尺寸)
语境【存储系统】
分条深度(stripe depth )的同义词。
Stripe(分条)
语境【存储系统】
在使用分条数据映射的磁盘阵列中,每
个编号的磁盘阵列盘区相应位置的一系列条
带。条带之间通过某种方式互相相关(比如
相关盘区块地址),使得分条中的成员关系
能够被计算算法快速且惟一地确定。奇偶校
验RAID使用分条来将虚拟磁盘块地址映射
为成员盘区块地址。
Stripe depth(分条深度)
语境【存储系统】
在使用分条数据映射的磁盘阵列中,条
带内的块数量。也指在磁盘阵列的单个成员
盘区中,连续编址的虚拟磁盘块映射到连续
编址的块的数量。
Streamed sequenceCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A new sequence initiated by a Sequence
Initiator in any class of service for an exchange
while it already has sequences open for that
exchange.
StripCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A number of consecutively addressed
blocks in a single extent. A disk array’s uses
strips to map virtual disk block addresses to
member disk block addresses. Also known as
stripe element.
Strip sizeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for stripe depth .
StripeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The set of strips at corresponding locations
of each member extent of a disk array which
uses striped data mapping. The strips in a stripe
are associated with each other in a way (e.g.,
relative extent block addresses) that allows
membership in the stripe to be quickly and
uniquely determined by a computational
algorithm. Parity RAID uses uses stripes to map
virtual disk block addresses to member extent
block addresses."
Stripe depthCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"The number of blocks in a strip in a disk
array which uses striped data mapping. Also, the
number of consecutively addressed virtual disk
blocks mapped to consecutively addressed
blocks on a single member extent of a disk
array."
219
Stripe element(分条单元)
语境【存储系统】
条带(strip)的同义词。
Stripe size(分条尺寸)
语境【存储系统】
分条中块的数量。分条阵列的分条尺
寸,是分条深度乘以成员盘区的数量。奇偶
校验RAID阵列的分条尺寸,是分条深度乘
以成员盘区的数量减一。
Striped array/striped disk array(分条阵列 / 分条磁盘阵列)
语境【存储系统】
使用分条数据映射的磁盘阵列,但是没
有冗余用于故障保护。分条阵列通常用于提
升数据(表现不佳或频繁替换)的I/O性能。
Stripeset(分条集)
语境【存储系统】
分条阵列(striped array)的同义词。
Striping(分条)
语境【存储系统】
1.数据分条(data striping)的简写形
式。也就是 RAID Level 0 或者RAID 0。数
据分条是一种映射技术,其将固定大小的连
续虚拟磁盘数据地址映射成某个循环模式
(cyclic pattern)中的连续阵列成员。
2.一种将多个通信节点对之间的多条
链路的带宽聚集到一起的网络技术。单个数
据流能够以更高的聚集带宽在链路上进行传
输。有时候也称为端口聚集。
St ruc tu re o f ManagementInformation(管理信息结构)
语境【Fibre Channel】【管理】【网络】
Stripe elementCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for strip.
Stripe sizeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
The number of blocks in a stripe. A striped
array’s stripe size is the stripe depth multiplied
by the number of member extents. A parity
RAID array’s stripe size is the stripe depth
multiplied by one less than the number of member
extents.
Striped array/striped disk arrayCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A disk array with striped data mapping but
no redundancy for failure protection. Striped
arrays are usually used to improve I/O
performance on data that is of low value or
easily replaced.
StripesetCONTEXT 【Storage System】
Synonym for striped array.
StripingCONTEXT 【Storage System】
1.Short for data striping; also known as
RAID Level 0 or RAID 0. A mapping technique
in which fixed-size consecutive ranges of virtual
disk data addresses are mapped to successive
array members in a cyclic pattern
2. A network technique for aggregating the
bandwidth of several links between the same
pair of nodes. A single data stream can be spread
across the links for higher aggregate bandwidth.
Sometimes called port aggregation.
St ruc tu re o f ManagementInformation
C O N T E X T 【F i b r e C h a n n e l 】
220
设置或者获取 SNMP 管理变量的技术。
SSL语境【安全】
安全套接字层(Secure Sockets Layer)
的缩写。
Subdirectory(子目录)
语境【文件系统】
目录树中,具有父目录的目录。
Subject(主体)
语境【安全】
访问控制或者授权系统中,被限制访问
或者使用的实体。
Substitution(置换)
使用可工作的等效部件代替系统中某部
件的功能的过程。
SVC语境【网络】
交换虚电路(Switched Virtual Circuit)
的缩写。
Swap/swapping(交换)
系统中的备用部件置换失效的原部件的
过程。此处的部件指系统中的一部分,可能
是厂商服务提供的现场可替换(FRU)或客
户可替换(CRU)。实际的交换操作可能是
冷、暖或热的,根据在此过程中磁盘子系统
的状态而命名。功能交换操作可能是自动交
换(auto swap),也可能需要人工干预。
【Management】 【Network】
A notation for setting or retrieving
management variables over SNMP.
SSLCONTEXT 【Security】
Acronym for Secure Sockets Layer
SubdirectoryCONTEXT 【File System】
A directory in a hierarchical directory tree
whose parent is a directory.
SubjectCONTEXT 【Security】
"In the context of access control or
authorization, an entity whose access or usage is
controlled. "
SubstitutionThe assumption of a component's function
in a system by a functionally equivalent
component.
SVCCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for Switched Virtual Circuit.
Swap/swapping"The installation of a replacement unit in
place of a defective unit in a system. Units are
any parts of a system which may either field
replaceable (FRUs) by a vendor service
representative or consumer replaceable (CRUs).
A physical swap operation may be cold, warm,
or hot, depending on the state in which the disk
subsystem must be in order to perform it. A
functional swap operation may be an auto swap
or it may require human intervention."
221
Switch(交换机)
语境【Fibre Channel】【网络】
能够连接多个网络节点的一种网络基本
组件。与集线器不同的是,交换机一般具有
内部带宽,是链路带宽的整数倍,并且具有
迅速交换节点连接的功能。典型的交换机都
能够处理多对节点之间同时发生的全链路带
宽传输。另请参考: hub
Switch-back故障恢复(failback)的同义词。
Switch-over故障接管(failover)的同义词。
Switched over (System)失效接管(failed over)的同义词。
Symbolic link(符号链接)
语境【文件系统】
一种特殊类型的文件。使用这种文件可
透明地将一个文件或目录路径重新定向到羚
一个文件系统的另一个文件或目录路径。也
被称为symlink 或软链接。(soft link)。 与硬
链接不同的是,删除符号链接下的文件会使
链接被“打破”,之后若试着去遍历这些文件
就会失败。
Symlink语境【文件系统】
符号链接(Symbolic link)的简写。
Switched virtual circuit(交换虚电
路)
尚未定义。
Symmetric cryptosystem(对称加
密系统)
SwitchCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】 【Network】
"A network infrastructure component to
which multiple nodes attach. Unlike hubs,
switches typically have internal bandwidth that
is a multiple of link bandwidth, and the ability to
rapidly switch node connections from one to
another. A typical switch can accommodate
several simultaneous full link bandwidth
transmissions between different pairs of nodes.
cf. hub"
Switch-backSynonym for failback.
Switch-overSynonym for failover.
Switched over (system)Synonym for failed over.
Symbolic linkCONTEXT 【File System】
"A special type of file that can be used to
redirect a file or directory path transparently to
another file or directory that may be on another
system. Also known as symlink or soft link.
Symbolic links differ from hard links in that
deletion of the underlying file causes them to be
""broken"", and subsequent attempts to traverse
them fail."
SymlinkCONTEXT 【File System】
Shorthand for a symbolic link.
Switched virtual circuitdefinition coming soon
Symmetric cryptosystemCONTEXT 【Security】
222
语境【安全】
使用同一密钥,对某个消息或者存储信
息的数据块进行加密和解密的加密算法。对
称加密系统中的密钥必须严格保密,目前系
统两端都要求有交换协议。通常分层的协议
(如 TLS和 SSL)会在一个per-session basis
中使用这种系统。
Symmetric virtualization(对称虚
拟化)
in -band 虚拟化的同义词。In-band
virtualization使用得更多。
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy(同步数字分级系统)
语境【网络】
以4级传输速率(155、622、2048、9953
Mbps)进行数据传输的一种 ISO标准,也是
一种全球通用的电信方法学。缩写为 SDH。
SDH 使用数据的微小不规则性消去了使用
频率最低的元素,从而达到了最大限度利用
数字带宽的目的。
Synchronization(同步)
语境【Fibre Channel】
传输字边界的接收方标识。
指定或者安排两个实体在指定时间点会
合的行为。
Synchronize(同步)
语境【存储系统】
在数据复制中,在备份卷上建立一份与
生产卷完全相同的用户数据。
Synchronous operations(同步操
作)
相互之间具有固定的时序关系的操作序
列。通常用来表示按照时序执行的 I/O 操作
"A cryptographic algorithm in which the
same key is used to encrypt and decrypt a single
message or block of stored information. Keys
used in a symmetric cryptosystem must be kept
secret, yet are required on both ends of a protocol
exchange. They are commonly used on a per-
session basis by layered protocols such as TLS
and SSL."
Symmetric virtualizationSynonym for in-band virtualization. In-
band virtualization is the preferred term
Synchronous Digital HierarchyCONTEXT 【Network】
"An ISO standard with 155, 622, 2048,
9953 Mbps serial data rates in steps of 4. A
common worldwide telecommunications
methodology. SDH uses a light scrambling of
data to remove only the lowest frequency
elements with the goal of achieving maximum
digital bandwidth use."
SynchronizationCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A receiver's identification of a transmission
word boundary
The act of aligning or making two entities
be equivalent at a specified point in time.
SynchronizeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"In the context of data replication, to
establish an identical copy of the user data on the
primary volume onto the secondary volume."
Synchronous operations"Operations which have a fixed time
relationship to each other. Most commonly used
to denote I/O operations which occur in time
223
序列,也就是说后续操作在其前面操作完成
之前不能执行。
Synchronous Optical Network(同
步光纤网络)
语境【网络】
一种光纤网络标准。缩写为 SONET。
SONET 提供了模块化的内建块、固定的开
销、整合的操作通道以及复杂的有效负载映
射等。基本 SONET 提供了51.840 megabits/
second 的带宽,这就是众所周知的 OC-1 标
准。当然 SONET还可以提供 n倍基本带宽
的更高带宽(分别对应于OC-n)。其中,OC-
3、OC-12、OC-48以及 OC-192 是目前使用
最多的几种标准。
Synchronous replication(同步复
制)
语境【存储系统】
一种复制方式。这种复制方式中,在主
机被告知写操作完成前,主存储和备份存储
的数据必须均被提交至稳定的存储中。
SyStem board(系统主板)
一种电路印制模块,该模块包括处理
器、内存和显卡的挂载设备,实现基本计算
机功能诸如内存访问、处理器和 I/O总线时
钟,还有人机接口设备。
SyStem disk(系统盘)
计算机系统中存储操作系统的磁盘。系
统盘通常是系统中引导(将初始化信息载入
到内存中)操作系统的磁盘。系统盘通常也
是计算机系统的交换区或者存储页面文件的
存储盘。系统盘也可能包含由几个应用所共
享的一些公共软件库。
sequence, i.e., a successor operation does not
occur until its predecessor is complete."
Synchronous Optical NetworkCONTEXT 【Network】
"A standard for optical network elements.
Abbreviated SONET. SONET provides modular
building blocks, fixed overheads, integrated
operations channels, and flexible payload
mappings. Basic SONET provides a bandwidth
of 51.840 megabits/second. This is known as
OC-1. Higher bandwidths that are n times the
basic rate are available (known as OC-n). OC-3,
OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192 are currently in
common use."
Synchronous replicationCONTEXT 【Storage System】
A replication technique in which data must
be committed to stable storage at both the primary
site and the secondary site before the write is
acknowledged to the host.
System board"A printed circuit module containing
mounting devices for processor(s), memory,
and adapter cards, and implementing basic
computer functions such as memory access,
processor and I/O bus clocking, and human
interface device attachment."
System diskThe disk on which a computer system's
operating software is stored. The system disk is
usually the disk from which the operating system
is bootstrapped (initially loaded into memory).
The system disk frequently contains the computer
system's swap and/or page files as well. It may
also contain libraries of common software shared
among several applications
224
System under test(被测系统)
一种被测实体,测试的目的是对系统功
能或者性能特征加以验证。与测试系统是相
对的概念。
TT1 copy(T1 副本)
语境【存储系统】
镜像(mirroring)的同义词。
T10语境【SCSI】
ANSI T10 技术委员会,该委员会主要
负责在计算机和存储子系统及设备之间进行
通信的 SCSI标准。
T11语境【Fibre Channel】
美国国家标准化组织中的T11技术委员
会,该委员会主要负责Fibre Channel以及其
他向计算机、智能存储子系统或设备中写入
或者读出电子数据的相关标准的拟定工作。
Tabular mapping(表映射)
语境【存储系统】
“使用包含两个地址空间的地址之间的
相互映射关系的表格,来进行映射的映射技
术。如果两个地址空间之间是通过表来映射
的,那么将这两个空间之一的地址映射到另
一个空间上就不需要进行数学计算。另请参
考: algorithmic mapping, dynamic mapping。”
Tampering (篡改)
语境【安全】
一种未经授权的修改,这种修改在某种
程度上改变了一个设备、系统或通信路径原
有的功能,使其提供的安全或功能下降。
System under testAn entity being tested to verify functional
behav io r o r de t e rmine pe r fo rmance
characteristics. Distinguished from test system.
T1 copyCONTEXT [Storage System]
Synonym for mirroring.
T10CONTEXT [SCSI]
"The ANSI T10 technical committee, the
standards organization responsible for SCSI
standards for communication between computers
and storage subsystems and devices."
T11CONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
"The ANSI T11 technical committee, the
standards organization responsible for Fibre
Channel and certain other standards for moving
electronic data into and out of computers and
intelligent storage subsystems and devices."
Tabular mappingCONTEXT [Storage System]
"A form of mapping in which a lookup
table contains the correspondence between the
two address spaces being mapped to each other.
If a mapping between two address spaces is
tabular, there is no mathematical formula that
will convert addresses in one space to addresses
in the other. cf. algorithmic mapping, dynamic
mapping"
TamperingCONTEXT [Security]
"An unauthorized modification that alters
the proper functioning of a device, system or
communications path in a manner that degrades
225
Tape/tape drive/tape transport(磁带 / 磁带驱动器 / 磁带传输器)
语境【存储设备】
一种存储设备,这种设备能够以数据发
送的顺序将数据写入,并且能够以数据的存
储位置顺序将数据读出。与磁盘不同的是,
磁带使用隐式数据编址(i m p l i c i t d a t a
addressing)方式。另请参考: disk。
Tape array(磁带阵列)
语境【存储系统】
由一个或多个可访问存储子系统中的磁
带组成的集合,构成磁带阵列的磁带由统一
的控制软件组合到一起。
Tape virtualization/tape drivevirtualization/tape library virtualization(磁带虚拟化/磁带驱动器虚拟化/磁带
库虚拟化)
对磁带驱动器或者磁带库使用虚拟化技
术以创建抽象磁带设备的行为。
Target(目标)
语境【SCSI】
"能够接收 SCSI I/O操作命令的系统组
件。另请参考: initiator, LUN, target ID。"
Target ID(目标 ID)
语境【SCSI】
目标设备或者控制器的SCSI总线地址。
Target of Evaluation (评估对象)
语境【安全】
作为评估的对象的一种 IT 产品或系统
及其相关的指南文档。通常与 ISO 15408 相
结合。缩写为 TOE。
the security or functionality it provides. "
Tape/tape drive/tape transportCONTEXT [Storage Device
"A storage device that writes data
sequentially in the order in which it is delivered,
and reads data in the order in which it is stored
on the media. Unlike disks, tapes use implicit
data addressing. cf. disk"
Tape arrayCONTEXT [Storage System]
"A collection of tapes from one or more
commonly accessible storage subsystems,
combined with a body of control software."
Tape virtualization/tape drivevirtualization/tape library virtualization
The act of creating abstracted tape devices
by applying virtualization to tape drives or tape
libraries.
TargetCONTEXT [SCSI
"The system component that receives a
SCSI I/O command command. cf. initiator, LUN,
target ID"
Target IDCONTEXT [SCSI
The SCSI bus address of a target device or
controller.
Target of EvaluationCONTEXT [Security]
An IT product or system and its associated
guidance documentation that is the subject of
evaluation. It is most commonly associated with
ISO 15408. Acronym TOE.
226
Target Session Identifying Handle语境【iSCSI】
一个标识符,这个标识符是由 iSCSI目
标为一个有着具体的启动方的进程分配的。
缩写为 TSIH。
TByteterabyte 的简写形式。
TCG语境【安全】
可信赖计算组织(Trusted Computing
Group)的缩写。
TCO总拥有成本(Total Cost of Ownership)
的缩写。
TCP语境【网络】
传输控制协议(Transmission Control
Protocol)的缩写。另请参考: IP
TCP Offload Engine(TCP 卸载
引擎)
语境【网络】
一种通过将 TCP/IP 的处理工作卸载到
网卡上来提高 TCP/IP性能的技术。
TCP/IP语境【网络】
一种协议包的简写形式,该协议包包括
TCP、IP、UDP 以及 ICMP。此协议包是
Internet上使用的基本通信协议集。
Tenancy(临时占用)
语境【Fibre Channel】
执行事务的某设备对于Fibre Channel仲
裁环的占用状态。
Target Session Identifying HandleCONTEXT [iSCSI]
"An identifier, assigned by the iSCSI target,
for a session with a specific named initiator.
Acronym TSIH."
TByteShorthand for terabyte.
TCGCONTEXT [Security]
Acronym for Trusted Computing Group.
TCOAcronym for Total Cost of Ownership.
TCPCONTEXT [Network]
Acronym for Transmission Control
Protocol. cf. IP
TCP Offload EngineCONTEXT [Networking]
A technology for improving TCP/IP
performance by offloading TCP/IP processing
to a Network Interface Card.
TCP/IPCONTEXT [Network]
"Shorthand for the suite of protocols that
includes TCP, IP, UDP, and ICMP. This is the
basic set of communication protocols used on
the Internet."
TenancyCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
The possession of a Fibre Channel abitrated
loop by a device to conduct a transaction.
227
Terabyte(1000GB)"1,000,000,000,000 (10的 12次幂)字
节的简写形式。一般在 SNIA文献中都使用
10的12次幂的表示形式(普遍使用在 I/O文
献中),而不使用 1,099,5111,627,776(2 的
40次幂)的表示形式,但是在讨论随机访问
存储器的时候也偶尔会用到后者的表示。"
Test system(测试系统)
用以进行测试操作的设备的总称。在功
能和性能测试中,清晰地对测试系统进行定
义,并将其与被测系统加以区别是非常重要
的。
Third party copy(第三方备份)
语境【数据恢复】【管理】
使用最少的服务器资源直接完成从源设
备(磁盘或者磁盘阵列)拷贝数据到目标设
备(磁带传输器)的方式进行磁带备份操作
的协议。在此过程中,备份操作并非由服务
器执行。
Threat(威胁)
语境【安全】
任何可能通过未经授权、破坏数据、泄
漏数据、修改数据或者使其拒绝服务(DoS)
的方式,对信息系统造成破坏的潜在情况或
者事件。
Throughput(吞吐量)
单位时间内系统能够处理的 I/O请求数
量。一般以每秒处理的I/O请求数量为单位,
此处的 I/O请求是一种向存储子系统请求执
行读或写操作的请求。
Throughput-intensive application(吞吐量敏感应用)
一种对请求敏感的应用类型。
Terabyte"Shorthand for 1,000,000,000,000 (10^12)
bytes. SNIA publications typically use the 10^12
convention commonly found in I/O literature
rather than the 1,099,5111,627,776 (2^40)
convention sometimes used when discussing
random access memory."
Test system"A collection of equipment used to perform
a test. In functional and performance testing, it
is generally important to clearly define the test
system, and distinguish it from the system under
test."
Third party copyC O N T E X T [ D a t a R e c o v e r y ]
[Management]
A protocol for performing tape backups
using minimal server resources by copying data
directly from the source device (disk or array) to
the target device (tape transport) without passing
through a server.
ThreatCONTEXT [Security]
"Any circumstance or event with the
potential to harm an information system through
unauthorized access, destruction, disclosure,
modification of data, and/or denial of service."
Throughput"The number of I/O requests satisfied per
unit time. Expressed in I/O requests/second,
where a request is an application request to a
storage subsystem to perform a read or write
operation."
Throughput-intensive (application)A request intensive application.
228
Time server(时钟服务器)
能够在一定范围内,使得网络上的所有
节点以统一的时钟工作的网络智能实体。
TLS语境【安全】
传输层安全(Transport Layer Security)
的缩写。
TLS Record Protocol (TLS 记录
协议)
语境【安全】
TLS记录协议是一种分层的协议,这种
协议被用来封装几种高层协议(如 HTTP,
SMTP 等)。使用由 TLS 握手协议产生的安
全参数,它首先将上层被传输的数据分片成
便于管理的块,然后对数据有选择性地压
缩,计算出消息认证码MAC(如 MD5 或
SHA),加密(如NULL,DES,3DES等),
最后将结果送出。接收到的数据经过解密,
校验,解压缩,重组后被传输到上层客户端。
RFC2246中定义了 TLS 记录协议。
TLS Handshake Protocol(TLS握
手协议)
语境【安全】
TLS握手协议使双方(服务器和客户
端)在应用协议层(如HTTP,SMTP等)传
输或接收到数据的第一个字节前,就记录层
(TLS记录协议)的安全参数达成一致,鉴别
彼此(交换密匙),示例安全参数和向彼此报
告错误情况。安全参数实际上根据对话标识
符,证书(X509v3),压缩方式,密码规格
(bulk加密算法和 MAC 算法),主密钥和恢
复标记产生。RFC2246中定义了TLS握手协
议。
Time serverAn intelligent entity in a network that
enables all nodes in the network to maintain a
common time base within close tolerances.
TLSCONTEXT [Security]
Acronym for Transport Layer Security.
TLS Record ProtocolCONTEXT [Security]
"The TLS Record Protocol is a layered
protocol that is used for encapsulation of various
higher level protocols (such as HTTP, SMTP,
etc.). Using the security parameters created by
the TLS Handshake Protocol, it takes messages
to be transmitted, fragments the data into
manageable blocks, optionally compresses the
data, applies a MAC (such as MD5 or SHA),
encrypts (such as NULL, DES, 3DES, etc.), and
transmits the result. Received data is decrypted,
verified, decompressed, and reassembled, then
delivered to higher level clients. The TLS Record
Protocol is defined in RFC2246."
TLS Handshake ProtocolCONTEXT [Security]
"The TLS Handshake Protocol allows peers
(the server and client) to agree upon security
parameters for the record layer (TLS Record
Protocol), authenticate themselves (key
exchange), instantiate negotiated security
parameters, and report error conditions to each
other before the application protocol (such as
HTTP, SMTP, etc.) transmits or receives its first
byte of data. The security parameters are actually
created from the session identifier, certificates
(X509v3), compression method, cipher spec
(bulk encryption algorithm and a MAC
algorithm), master secret, and resumability flag.
229
TNC语境【网络】
Threaded Neil Councilman的缩写,TNC
是一种同轴电缆连接器。MIL-C-39012 和
MIL-C-23329 中定义了 TNC 类型连接器的
具体规范。
TOE语境【网络】【安全】
1.【网络】 TCP卸载引擎(TCP Offload
Engine)的缩写。
2 .【安全】评估对象(T a r g e t o f
Evaluation)的缩写。
Token ring network(令牌环网络)
语境【网络】
1.一种网络结构,在令牌环网络中,每
个节点的发送端与其逻辑右手节点的接收端
相连,从而组成环状结构。令牌环网络上的
节点如果需要传输数据,必须获得令牌,并
且在整个数据传输过程中,必须一直拥有令
牌。当拥有令牌的节点数据传输完毕,其需
要将令牌向前(逻辑意义上)传递到令牌环
中的下一个节点。
2.由 IEEE 标准组织掌控的 802.3令牌
环网络LAN协议能够以4 Mbps和16Mbps的
速度运行。
Topology(拓扑结构)
计算机系统或者网络各组件以及这些组
件之间的互联的逻辑布局。拓扑结构从通信
的角度给出了组件之间的互联关系,但是拓
扑结构并不指定各组件的具体物理位置以及
互联的方式。
The TLS Handshake Protocol is defined in
RFC2246."
TNCCONTEXT [Network]
"Acronym for Threaded Neil Councilman,
a type of Coaxia l Cable Connector .
Specifications for TNC style connectors are
defined in MIL-C-39012 and MIL-C-23329."
TOECONTEXT [Networking] [Security]
1. [Networking] Acronym for TCP Offload
Engine.
2. [Security] Acronym for Target of
Evaluation.
Token ring (network)CONTEXT [Network]
"1.A network in which each node's
transmitter is connected to the receiver of the
node to its logical right, forming a continuous
ring. Nodes on a token ring network gain the
right to transmit data by retaining a token (a
specific unique message) when they receive it.
When a node holding the token has transmitted
its allotment of data, it forwards the token to the
next node in the ring."
2. A LAN protocol for token ring networks
governed by IEEE Standard 802.3 that operates
at speeds of 4 Mbits/second and 16 Mbits/
second.
TopologyThe logical layout of the components of a
computer system or network and their
interconnections. Topology deals with questions
of what components are directly connected to
other components from the standpoint of being
able to communicate. It does not deal with
questions of physical location of components or
230
Total cost of ownership(总拥有
成本)
实现某种特别功能(例如数据处理、存
储访问、文件服务等)的综合成本。缩写为
TCO,总拥有成本包括获得所有权的成本、
环境成本、操作成本、管理成本、服务成本、
升级成本、服务撤销成本以及其他成本。另
请参考: inherent cost。
TPC语境【数据恢复】【管理】
第三方拷贝(third party copy)的缩写。
Transceiver(收发器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种发送方与接收方的联合体。
Transmission character(传输字
符)
语境【Fibre Channel】
FC-0 层指定的某个物理接口上传输的
任意经过编码字符(有效的或者无效的)。有
效传输字符是传输编码指定的,包括数据字
符以及特殊字符。
Transmission code(传输编码)
语境【Fibre Channel】
一种用以提高数据传输性能的数据编码
方法。FC-PH层指定的传输代码是一种面向
字节的编码方法,将有效数据字节以及特殊
代码都编码成 10位的传输字符。
Transmission Control Protocol(传输控制协议)
一种面向连接的Internet网络传输协议。
缩写为TCP。TCP提供了一种可靠的数据传
输服务。
interconnecting cables.
Total cost of ownership"The comprehensive cost of a particular
capability such as data processing, storage access,
file services, etc. Abbreviated TCO, total cost of
ownership includes acquisition, environment,
operations, management, service, upgrade, loss
of service, and residual value. cf. inherent cost"
TPCCONTEXT [Data Recovery] [Management]
Acronym for third party copy.
TransceiverCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
A transmitter and receiver combined in
one package.
Transmission characterCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
Any encoded character (valid or invalid)
transmitted across a physical interface specified
by FC-0. Valid transmission characters are
specified by the transmission code and include
data characters and special characters.
Transmission codeCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
"A means of encoding data to enhance its
transmission characteristics. The transmission
code specified by FC-PH is byte-oriented, with
both valid data bytes and special codes encoded
into 10-bit transmission characters."
Transmission Control ProtocolThe Internet connection oriented network
transport protocol. Abbreviated TCP. TCP
provides a reliable delivery service.
231
Transmission word(传输字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
四个连续的传输字符串,从上一个接收
或者传输的特殊字符处开始,以模4 为0 的
边界对齐。FC-1传输和接收都使用传输字单
元进行操作。
Transmitter(传输器)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1.在Link_Control_Facility设备中,使
用传输编码指定的规则,将有效数据字节和
特殊代码转换成传输字符,进而将这些传输
字符转换成数据比特流,并将生成的比特流
传输到光或电传输介质上的部分。
2.一种电子电路,其能够将电逻辑信号
转换成适合在光或电传输介质上传输的信号。
Transparent failover(透明故障接
管)
使用备用部件接管故障部件的过程,对
外部操作环境是透明的。通常指双磁盘控制
器,在双磁盘控制器结构中,当一个磁盘控
制器发生故障时,另一个控制器就会以相同
的主机总线地址接管其虚拟磁盘。另请参
考: non-transparent failover。
Transport layer security (传输层
安全)
语境【安全】
一种协议,这种协议为正在通信的两个
应用提供保密性和数据完整性。简写为
TLS。TLS 分为两层:TLS记录协议和 TLS
握手协议。TLS记录协议利用加密算法(如
DES)提供连接安全性。TLS握手协议使双
方(客户端和服务器)在进行数据交换前鉴
定彼此,协商加密算法和密匙。因特网工程
工作小组将TLS协议标准化,在RFC2246中
Transmission wordCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
A string of four contiguous transmission
characters aligned on boundaries that are zero
modulo 4 from a previously received or
transmitted special character. FC-1 transmission
and reception operates in transmission word units.
TransmitterCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
"1.The portion of a Link_Control_Facility
that converts valid data bytes and special codes
into transmission characters using the rules
specified by the transmission code, converting
these transmission characters into a bit stream,
and transmitting this bit stream on an optical or
electrical transmission medium"
2.An electronic circuit that converts an
electrical logic signal to a signal suitable for an
optical or electrical communications media.
Transparent failover"A failover from one component of a system
to another that is transparent to the external
operating environment. Often used to refer to
paired disk controllers, one of which exports the
other’s virtual disks at the same host bus
addresses after a failure. cf. non-transparent
failover."
Transport layer security
CONTEXT [Security]
"A protocol that provides confidentiality
and data integrity between two communicating
applications. Abbreviated TLS. It is composed
of two layers: the TLS Record Protocol and the
TLS Handshake Protocol. The TLS Record
Protocol provides connection security with an
encryption method (such as DES). The TLS
Handshake Protocol allows peers (client and
server) to authenticate each other as well as to
232
有它的定义和相关文档。虽然 T L S 以
Netscape Communications 设计的 SSL为基
础,TLS和SSL并不能一起使用,不过TLS
协议包含了一种机制,允许 T L S 下降至
SSLv3 版本来实施。缩写为 TLS。
Trap(自陷)
语境【管理】
用来标志某事件发生的一种 SNMP 消
息类型。这种消息类型使用UDP传输到接受
方,并不是完全可信赖的。
Triaxial cable(三芯同轴电缆)
一种电信号传输介质,由三个同心导体
组成,同心导体之间用绝缘材料隔开,以提
供一定的电阻。另请参考: coaxial cable。
Triple DES (3DES 算法)
语境【安全】
数据加密标准算法(DES)的一种变异,
在这种加密算法中,使用2 或3 个不同的密
钥对交换的信息进行 3次 DES加密
Trojan horse(木马程序)
语境【安全】
一种包含隐藏代码的计算机程序,这些
隐藏代码允许用户对信息进行未经授权的收
集、修改和破坏。
Trust (信赖)
语境【安全】
对某人或某物的可靠性,真实性,能力
negotiate an encryption algorithm and
cryptographic keys before data is exchanged.
The TLS protocol is standardized by the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) and is defined
in RFC2246 and related documents. TLS is
based on SSL, which was designed by Netscape
Communications, but TLS and SSL are not
interoperable; however, the TLS protocol does
contain a mechanism that allows TLS
implementations to back down to SSLv3.
Acronym TLS."
TrapCONTEXT [Management]
A type of SNMP message used to signal
that an event has occurred. Trap delivery to
recipients uses UDP and is not completely
reliable.
Triaxial cableAn electrical transmission medium
consisting of three concentric conductors
separated by a dielectric material with the
spacings and material arranged to give a specified
electrical impedance. cf. coaxial cable.
Triple DESCONTEXT [Security]
A variant of the Data Encryption Standard
(DES) in which the algorithm is applied three
times in succession using two or three different
keys. Acronym 3DES.
Trojan horseCONTEXT [Security]
"A computer program containing hidden
code that allows the unauthorized collection,
falsification, or destruction of information."
TrustCONTEXT [Security]
"Belief in the reliability, truth, ability, or
233
和实力的信任。对一个系统发挥预期的功能
并且没有过失的能力的确定的信任。(相信
一个系统将做它应该做的,而不会做它不应
该做的。)
Trusted Computing Group (可信
赖计算组织)
语境【安全】
一个非盈利性组织,这个组织的目标是
发展、定义和推广开放的硬件可信计算和安
全技术标准,并涵盖硬件模块、软件界面、
跨平台、外围及各种装置。缩写为 TCG.。
Trusted system (可信系统)
语境【安全】
一种系统,该系统采用了充足的硬件和
软件的完整措施来确保其按照说明书中记载
的方式运转,并在一种可预见的方式下运
转。这些使得此系统可用于处理敏感或机密
资料 .这种系统遵照安全标准被开发,并按
照这些标准来评估。
TSIH语境【iSCSI】
目标进程识别句柄(Target Session
Identifying Handle)的缩写。
Tunneling 隧道技术
语境【安全】
指一种支持某种网络协议通过其他网络
协议实现通信连接的传输技术。隧道技术通
过在第二层网络协议包中封装所传输的第一
层网络协议而实现的。隧道技术也可以将自
身的协议压缩封装到自身中去,例如,IPsec
网关都是以隧道的方式工作的,它将IP封装
到 IP中去,并在这两个 IP之间插入一些附
strength of someone or something. Assured
reliance on the ability of a system to function as
expected and to not misbehave. (The belief that
a system will do what it supposed to do and not
do what it is not supposed to do.)"
Trusted Computing GroupCONTEXT [Security]
"A not-for-profit organization formed to
develop, define, and promote open standards for
hardware-enabled trusted computing and
security technologies, including hardware
building blocks and software interfaces, across
multiple platforms, peripherals, and devices.
Acronym TCG."
Trusted systemCONTEXT [Security]
A system that employs sufficient hardware
and software integrity measures to assure that it
performs according to its documented
specification and acts in a predictable manner
which may be used for processing of sensitive or
classified information. Such a system is
developed in accordance with security criteria
and evaluated by these criteria.
TSIHCONTEXT [iSCSI]
Acronym for Target Session Identifying
Handle.
TunnelingCONTEXT [Security]
"A technology that enables one network
protocol to send its data via another network
protocol's connections. Tunneling works by
encapsulating the first network protocol within
packets carried by the second protocol. A tunnel
may also encapsulate a protocol within itself
(e.g., an IPsec gateway operates in this fashion,
234
加的 IPsec 信息。
UUDP语境【网络】
用户数据报协议(U s e r D a t a g r a m
Protocol)的缩写。
UID“用户标示符”(User IDentifier)的通用
缩略语
语境【Fibre Channel】
高层协议(Upper Layer Protocol)的缩
写。
Ultra SCSI语境【SCSI】
传输速度能够达到 2 0 兆传输每秒的
SCSI形式。单端Ultra SCSI规范能够支持的
总线长度直到 1.5 米。差分 Ultra SCSI规范
能够支持的总线长度最大25米。Ultra SCSI
规范不仅定义了窄带总线(8位),而且定义
了宽带总线(16 位)。窄带 Ultra SCSI 总线
能够以最大每秒20M字节的速度传输数据。
而宽带Ultra SCSI总线能够以最大每秒40M
字节的速度传输数据。
Ultra2 SCSI语境【SCSI】
传输速度能够达到 4 0 兆传输每秒的
SCSI形式。没有关于 Ultra2 SCSI 的单端规
范。低压差分(Low voltage differential,
LVD)Ultra2 SCSI 能够支持直到 12 米的总
线长度。高压差分Ultra2 SCSI规范能够支持
直到 25 米的总线长度。Ultra2 SCSI规范不
仅定义了窄带总线(8位),而且定义了宽带
总线(16位)。窄带 Ultra2 SCSI总线能够以
最大每秒 40M 字节的速度传输数据。宽带
Ultra2 SCSI总线能够以最大每秒 80M字节
的速度传输数据。
encapsulating IP in IP and inserting additional
IPsec information between the two IP headers)."
UDPCONTEXT [Network]
Acronym for User Datagram Protocol.
UID"Common abbreviation for ""user
identifier"" (User IDentifier)"
CONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
Acronym for Upper Layer Protocol.
Ultra SCSICONTEXT [SCSI]
A form of SCSI capable of 20 megatransfers
per second. Single ended Ultra SCSI supports
bus lengths of up to 1.5 meters. Differential
Ultra SCSI supports bus lengths of up to 25
meters. Ultra SCSI specifications define both
narrow (8 data bits) and wide (16 data bits)
buses. A narrow Ultra SCSI bus transfers data at
a maximum of 20 MBytes per second. A wide
Ultra SCSI bus transfers data at a maximum of
40 MBytes per second.
Ultra2 SCSICONTEXT [SCSI
A form of SCSI capable of 40 megatransfers
per second. There is no single ended Ultra2
SCSI specification. Low voltage differential
(LVD) Ultra2 SCSI supports bus lengths of up
to 12 meters. High voltage differential Ultra2
SCSI supports bus lengths of up to 25 meters.
Ultra2 SCSI specifications define both narrow
(8 data bits) and wide (16 data bits) buses. A
narrow Ultra SCSI bus transfers data at a
maximum of 40 MBytes per second. A wide
Ultra2 SCSI bus transfers data at a maximum of
235
Ultra3 SCSI语境【SCSI】
传输速度能够达到 8 0 兆传输每秒的
SCSI形式。没有关于 Ultra3 SCSI 的单端规
范。低压差分(Low voltage differential,
LVD)Ultra3 SCSI 能够支持直到 12 米的总
线长度。同样也不存在高压差分Ultra3 SCSI
规范。Ultra3 SCSI规范仅仅定义了宽带总线
(16 位)。宽带 Ultra3 SCSI总线能够以最大
每秒 160MByte的速度传输数据。
UML语境【管理】
统一建模语言(Uni f i ed Mode l ing
Language)的缩写。
Unauthorized disclosure(非授权
泄漏)
语境【安全】
允许非授权用户接收或者访问信息的信
息泄漏行为。
Unclassified(未分类)
语境【安全】
没有指定类别的信息。
Unicast(单播)
语境【网络】
消息只有一个接收方的传输方式。单播
是与广播(将消息发送给网络上的所有接收
方)以及多播(将消息发送给所有接收方的
一个子集)相对的概念。
Unicode(统一字符编码标准)
一个16位字符集(每个字符都有相应的
16位数字串)的标准。Unicode支持 2的 16
80 MBytes per second.
Ultra3 SCSICONTEXT [SCSI]
A form of SCSI capable of 80 megatransfers
per second. There is no single ended Ultra3
SCSI specification. Low voltage differential
(LVD) Ultra2 SCSI supports bus lengths of up
to 12 meters. There is no high voltage differential
Ultra3 SCSI specification. Ultra3 SCSI
specifications only define wide (16 data bits)
buses. A wide Ultra3 SCSI bus transfers data at
a maximum of 160 MBytes per second.
UMLCONTEXT [Management
Acronym for Unified Modeling Language.
Unauthorized disclosureCONTEXT [Security]
The exposure of information to individuals
not authorized to receive or access it.
UnclassifiedCONTEXT [Security]
Information that is not designated as
classified
UnicastCONTEXT [Network]
The transmission of a message a single
receivers. Unicast can be contrasted with
broadcast (sending a message to all receivers on
a network) and multicast (sending a message to
select subset of receivers).
Unicode"A standard for a 16-bit character set (each
character has a 16-bit number associated with
236
次幂(65536)个字符,每个字符都有惟一的
表示形式。Unicode也包括几种非英语字符
和符号,因此对于开发多语言用户界面提供
了很好的支持。Unicode是由非盈利行业组
织 Unicode Inc组织制定并维护的标准。
Uninterruptible power source(不
间断电源)
不受建筑物外部电源停电影响的电源。
缩写为 UPS。UPS 自身能够使用汽油机发
电,或者就是由大量的电池组成。UPS一般
用以防止因外部电网故障而导致被所有者定
义为“关键任务”的计算机应用的服务中断。
Unified Modeling Language(统
一建模语言)
语境【管理】
使用各种各样的图(例如用例图、类图、
交互图、状态图、行为图等)来表示模型中
的对象以及对象之间的关系的可视化方法。
缩写为UML。现在有众多能够将UML图转
换成程序代码的工具。
Unsolicited control语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 帧头指示的信息类别。
Unsolicited data语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 帧头指示的信息类别。
Upper layer protocol(高层协议)
语境【Fibre Channel】
it). Unicode allows for up to 2^16, or 65,536
characters, each of which may have a unique
representation. It accommodates several non-
English characters and symbols, and is therefore
an aid to development of products with
multilingual user interfaces. Unicode was
designed and is maintained by the non-profit
industry consortium Unicode Inc."
Uninterruptible power source"A source of electrical power that is not
affected by outages in a building’s external
power source. Abbreviated UPS. UPSs may
generate their own power using gasoline
generators, or they may consist of large banks of
batteries. UPSs are typically installed to prevent
service outages due to external power grid failure
in computer applications deemed by their owners
to be “mission critical.”"
Unified Modeling LanguageCONTEXT [Management
"A visual approach that uses a variety of
diagrams such as use case, class, interaction,
state, activity and others) to specify the objects
of a model and their relationships. Abbreviated
UML. Various tools exist for turning UML
diagrams into program code."
Unsolicited controlCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
An information category indicated in a
Fibre Channel frame header.
Unsolicited dataCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
An information category indicated in a
Fibre Channel frame header.
Upper layer protocolCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
237
Fibre Channel 网络中,在 FC-4 层或者
更高层上使用的协议。缩写为ULP。SCSI和
IP都是 ULP协议。
UPS不间断电源(Uninterruptible Power
Source)的缩写。
Usable capacity(可用容量)
语境【存储设备】【存储系统】
可以用来存储用户数据的磁盘或者磁盘
阵列上的存储容量。磁盘的可用容量是磁盘
的总格式化容量减去为介质检测补偿以及元
数据预留的容量的剩余容量。磁盘阵列的可
用容量是阵列中所有成员磁盘的可用容量与
校验数据和元数据的容量之差。
User data(用户数据)
语境【存储系统】
尚未定义。
User data extent(用户数据盘区)
语境【存储系统】
在单个冗余组中,一个或多个地址连续
的冗余组分条所保护的存储空间。在RAID
阵列中,用户数据盘区的集合组成了供操作
环境使用的虚拟磁盘或卷集。
User data extent stripe depth(用
户数据盘区分条深度)
语境【存储系统】
单个用户数据盘区中被保护存储空间中
的被映射为连续的虚拟磁盘块地址的连续块
的数量。理论上,每个用户的数据盘区都是
虚拟磁盘的一部分,并具有不同的用户数据
盘区分条深度。用户数据盘区分条深度会随
A protocol used on a Fibre Channel network
at or above the FC-4 level. Abbreviated ULP.
SCSI and IP are examples of ULPs.
UPSAcronym for Uninterruptible Power
Source.
Usable capacityCONTEXT [Storage Device] [Storage
System]
The storage capacity in a disk or disk array
that is available for storing user data. Usable
capacity of a disk is the total formatted capacity
of a disk minus the capacity reserved for media
defect compensation and metadata. Usable
capacity of a disk array is the sum of the usable
capacities of the array’s member disks minus
the capacity required for check data and metadata.
User dataCONTEXT [Storage System]
definition coming soon
User data extentCONTEXT [Storage System]
"The protected space in one or more
contiguously located redundancy group stripes
in a single redundancy group. In RAID arrays,
collections of user data extents comprise the
virtual disks or volume sets presented to the
operating environment."
User data extent stripe depthCONTEXT [Storage System]
"The number of consecutive blocks of
protected space in a single user data extent that
are mapped to consecutive virtual disk block
addresses. In principle, each user data extent
that is part of a virtual disk may have a different
user data extent stripe depth. User data extent
238
着其所在的被保护存储空间盘区的冗余组分
条深度不同而不同。
User Datagram Protocol(用户数
据报协议)
语境【网络】
向应用提供无连接的数据报传输服务的
Internet协议。缩写为 UDP。基于 IP的 UDP
增加了通过 IP 地址寻址单个网络节点内的
多个端点的功能。
User identification(用户标识号)
标识计算机系统中个人用户的惟一号
码。缩写为UID。UID是使用帐户名字、密
码以及其他数据来验证用户实际身份的验证
机制的结果。UID是验证机制的输入,验证
机制根据发出请求的用户的标识来决定接受
或者拒绝该用户对资源的访问。
Userid“user identifier”“的速记”
VValid data byte(有效数据字节)
语境【Fibre Channel】
FC-1层上,表示0~255之间某个数值的
8 位连续数据位。
Valid frame(有效帧)
语境【Fibre Channel】
接收到的帧,该帧必须包括有效
S t a r t _ o f _ F r a m e(S O F)标志、有效
End_of_Frame(EOF)标志、有效数据字符
以及关于帧头和数据字段的正确循环冗余校
验码(CRC)。
stripe depth may differ from the redundancy
group stripe depth of the protected space extent
in which it resides."
User Datagram ProtocolCONTEXT [Network]
An Internet protocol that provides
connectionless datagram delivery service to
applications. Abbreviated UDP. UDP over IP
adds the ability to address multiple endpoints
within a single network node to IP.
User identification"A unique number that identifies an
individual to a computer system. Abbreviated
UID. UIDs are the result of authentication
processes that use account names, passwords
and possibly other data to verify that a user is
actually who she represents herself to be. UIDs
are input to authorization processes that grant or
deny access to resources based on the
identification of the requesting user."
Userid"Shorthand for ""user identifier"""
Valid data byteCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
A string of eight contiguous bits within
FC-1 which represents a value between 0 and
255.
Valid frameCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
"A received frame containing a valid
Start_of_Frame (SOF), a valid End_of_Frame
(EOF), valid data characters, and proper Cyclic
Redundancy Check (CRC) of the Frame Header
and Data Field."
239
Validity control bit(有效控制位)
语境【Fibre Channel】
标识某个字段是否有效的控制位。如果
某个字段的有效控制位标识该域是无效的,
那么该字段中的数据被认为是无效的。
VBA语境【存储系统】
虚拟块地址(Virtual Block Address)的
缩写。
VCI虚拟通道标识符(Vir tua l Channel
Identifier)的缩写。
VCSEL语境【Fibre Channel】
垂直共振腔表面放射型激光部件
(Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser)的
缩写。
Vendor unique(厂商特有)
语境【标准】
某个标准(比如功能、代码等)中的未
被该标准定义的,而是为该标准使用者为相
互区分各自不同的用途而明确预留的部分。
对于标准的不同实现,使得厂商特有部分具
有不同的意义。
Verify/Verification(校验)
语境【数据恢复】
关于备份镜像与在线的原始数据对象进
行逐一比较的过程。
Versioning(版本控制)
语境【数据恢复】
在某个数据集合的多个时间点拷贝之间
Validity control bitCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
"A control bit that indicates whether a field is
valid. If a validity control bit indicates that a field is
invalid, the value in the field is treated as invalid."
VBACONTEXT [Storage System]
Acronym for virtual Virtual Block Address.
VCIAcronym for Virtual Channel Identifier.
VCSELCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
Acronym for Vertical Cavity Surface
Emitting Laser.
Vendor uniqueCONTEXT [Standards
"Aspects of a standard (e.g., functions,
codes, etc.) not defined by the standard, but
explicitly reserved for private usage between
part ies using the s tandard. Different
implementations of a standard may assign
different meanings to vendor unique aspects of
the standard."
Verify/VerificationCONTEXT [Data Recovery]
The object-by-object comparison of the
contents of a backup image with the online data
objects from which it was made.
VersioningCONTEXT [Data Recovery]
The maintenance of multiple point-in-time
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进行维护。版本控制通过增加中间检查点
(以便应用程序可以重新开始),从而最小化
恢复时间。
Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser(垂直共振腔表面放射型激光部件)
语境【Fibre Channel】
建立在平坦晶片上,并发射与晶片垂直
的激光的一种表面放射型激光源。
VI虚拟接口(Virtual Interface)(体系结构
)的缩写。
VIA虚拟接口体系结构(Virtual Interface
Architecture)的缩写。
Virtual block(虚拟块)
语境【存储系统】
虚拟磁盘所表示的地址空间中的数据
块。一般地,虚拟块是RAID 阵列向其操作
环境提供虚拟磁盘的存储容量的原子单位。
Virtual block address(虚拟块地
址)
语境【存储系统】
虚拟块的地址。虚拟块地址一般用在主
机发给由RAID 阵列给出的虚拟磁盘的 I/O
命令中。也就是说发给RAID阵列的SCSI磁
盘命令中,实际上是在逻辑块地址字段使用
虚拟块地址。
Virtual channel identifier(虚拟通
道标识符)
语境【网络】
copies of a collection of data. Versioning is used
to minimize recovery time by increasing the
number of intermediate checkpoints from which
an application can be restarted.
Vertical Cavity Surface EmittingLaser
CONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
A surface emitting laser source fabricated
on a planar wafer with emission perpendicular
to the wafer.
VIA c r o n y m f o r V i r t u a l I n t e r f a c e
(Architecture)
VIAAcronym for Virtual Interface Architecture.
Virtual blockCONTEXT [Storage System]
A block in the address space presented by
a virtual disk. Virtual blocks are the atomic units
in which a virtual disk’s storage capacity is
typically presented by RAID arrays to their
operating environments.
Virtual block addressCONTEXT [Storage System]
"The address of a virtual block. Virtual
block addresses are typically used in hosts’ I/O
commands addressed to the virtual disks
instantiated by RAID arrays. SCSI disk
commands addressed to RAID arrays, are
actually using virtual block addresses in their
logical block address fields."
Virtual channel identifierCONTEXT [Network]
A unique numerical tag contained in an
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ATM 信元报头中所包含的惟一的数字
标记。缩写为VCI。每个VCI 标识了一条传
递信元的 ATM 虚拟通道。
Virtual circuit(虚电路)
语境【光纤通道】
1.由两个通信节点所共享的一些状态信
息集合,这些状态信息不依赖于任何特定传
输的特定传输通路。
2. 通信的一对 N_Port 端口之间的单向
通路。光纤通道中的虚电路可能仅仅是物理
链路上的部分可用带宽。
Virtual device(虚拟设备)
语境【存储系统】
由主控软件或者卷管理器提供给操作环
境的设备。从应用程序的角度看,虚拟设备
与物理设备是等价的。在一些应用中,在操
作系统的层次上,虚拟设备与物理设备可能
是不同的。例如,从基于主机的磁盘阵列引
导启动可能是不现实的。
Virtual disk(虚拟磁盘)
语境【存储系统】
将提供给某个操作环境的磁盘块集合,
该集合作为一个连续的逻辑块具有类似于磁
盘的存储和 I/O 语义,这样的磁盘块集合称
为虚拟磁盘。从操作环境的角度看,虚拟磁
盘是最类似于物理磁盘的磁盘阵列对象。另
请参考: logical disk 。
Virtual Interface Architecture(虚
拟接口结构)
Intel、Compaq以及Microsoft 三家公司
为支持在各自开发的分布式应用之间直接通
信而定义的一个API规范。缩写为VIA。VIA
ATM cell header. Abbreviated VCI. A VCI
identifies an ATM virtual channel over which
the cell containing it is to travel.
Virtual circuitCONTEXT [Fibre Channel]
1.A set of state information shared by two
communicating nodes that is independent of the
particular path taken by any particular
transmission
2. A unidirectional path between two
communicating N_Ports. Fibre Channel virtual
circuits may be limited to a fraction of the
bandwidth available on the physical link.
Virtual deviceCONTEXT [Storage System]
"A device presented to an operating
environment by control software or by a volume
manager. From an application standpoint, a
virtual device is equivalent to a physical one. In
some implementations, virtual devices may differ
from physical ones at the operating system level
(e.g., booting from a host based disk array may
not be possible)."
Virtual diskCONTEXT [Storage System]
A set of disk blocks presented to an
operat ing environment as a range of
consecutively numbered logical blocks with
disk-like storage and I/O semantics. The virtual
disk is the disk array object that most closely
resembles a physical disk from the operating
environment's viewpoint. cf. logical disk
Virtual Interface Architecture"An API specif icat ion for direct
communication among distributed applications
developed by Intel, Compaq, and Microsoft.
Abbreviated VIA. VIA reduces interprocess
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使得应用程序不必使用处理器中断或者操作
系统通路进行通信,从而达到了减少进程间
通信延迟的功效,同时保持通信通路上的安
全性。VIA 是一种互联中间件。另请参考:
Fibre Channel Virtual Interface。
Virtual Local Area Network(虚拟
局域网)
语境【网络】
由同样的交换机和 / 或路由器支持的表
现为与其他物理和虚拟的局域网之间物理隔
离的一个逻辑网络。
Virtual path identifier(虚拟通路
标识符)
语境【网络】
ATM信元报头的8位数据字段,表示该
信元路由的目的信元。
Virtual tape(虚拟磁带)
语境【存储系统】
具有磁带特征的虚拟设备。
Virtualization(虚拟化)
为了提供实用的抽象,而将一个或多个
后端服务或功能与附加前端功能整合在一起
的行为。一般地,虚拟化隐藏了后端的一些
复杂特点,添加或者整合了一些新的(对于
现有后端服务来说)功能。将多个服务实例
聚集成一个虚拟服务,或者向某个不安全的
服务中添加安全服务,都是虚拟化概念的实
例。虚拟化可以嵌套或者应用到一个系统的
多个层次上。
Virus(病毒)
语境【安全】
communication latency by obviating the need
for applications to use processor interrupt or
operating system paths to intercommunicate,
w h i l e m a i n t a i n i n g s e c u r i t y o n t h e
communications path. VIA is interconnect
neutral. cf. Fibre Channel Virtual Interface"
Virtual Local Area NetworkCONTEXT [Network]
A logical network that behaves as if it is
physically separate from other physical and
virtual LANs supported by the same switches
and/or routers.
Virtual path identifierCONTEXT [Network]
An eight-bit field in an ATM cell header
that denotes the cell over which the cell should
be routed.
Virtual tapeCONTEXT [Storage System]
A virtual device with the characteristics of
a tape.
Virtualization"The act of integrating one or more (back
end) services or functions with additional (front
end) functionality for the purpose of providing
useful abstractions. Typically virtualization hides
some of the back end complexity, or adds or
integrates new functionality with existing back
end services. Examples of virtualization are the
aggregation of multiple instances of a service
into one virtualized service, or to add security to
an otherwise insecure service. Virtualization
can be nested or applied to multiple layers of a
system."
VirusCONTEXT [Security]
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编程威胁的一种类型。是一种通过附存
于其他程序上的方式进行传播的,或者直接
破坏信息,或者导致服务失效的代码段。
VLAN语境【网络】
虚拟局域网的所写。
Volatility(易失性)
" 数据的一种状态属性。易失性是指数
据保存的环境如果不能满足某种条件,就确
定会丢失。例如,保存在DRAM中的数据是
易失的,因为只要DRAM的电源被切断,其
中所保存的数据就会丢失。另请参考: non-
volatility, persistence。"
Volume(卷)
语境【存储系统】【文件系统】
虚拟磁盘(virtual disk)的同义词。用
以表示卷管理器控制软件所创建的虚拟磁
盘。
为备份管理器所准备的(比如通过写入
介质 ID)一个可移动介质,。
Volume group(卷组)
语境【数据恢复】
同时位于某个位置(例如位于某个
robot或者互联的 robot组中)的所有可移动
介质的集合。
Volume manager(卷管理器)
语境【存储系统】
基于主机的控制软件的通用术语。
Volume pool(媒体池)
语境【数据恢复】
"A type of programmed threat. A code
fragment (not an independent program) that
replicates by attaching to another program, and
either damaging information directly or causing
denial of service"
VLANCONTEXT [Network]
Acronym for Virtual Local Area Network.
Volatility"A property of data. Volatility refers to the
certainty that data will be obliterated if certain
environmental conditions are not met. For
example, data held in DRAM is volatile, since if
electrical power to DRAM is cut, the data in it is
obliterated. cf. non-volatility, persistence"
VolumeCONTEXT [Storage System] [File System]
Synonym for virtual disk. Used to denote
virtual disks created by volume manager control
software.
"A piece of removable media that has been
prepared for use by a backup manager (e.g., by
the writing of a media ID). "
Volume groupCONTEXT [Data Recovery]
"A collection of removable media that
reside in a single location, for example in a
single robot or group of interconnected robots."
Volume managerCONTEXT [Storage System]
Common term for host-based control
software.
Volume poolCONTEXT [Data Recovery]
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为了某种特定目的(例如为了保存某个
需要反复执行的备份操作的副本,或者为了
备份给定客户机或客户机集合上的数据)而
设计的所有可移动介质的逻辑集合。媒体池
是一种管理实体,但是卷组却是一种物理实
体。
Volume set(卷集)
语境【存储系统】
虚拟磁盘(virtual disk)的同义词。
VPI虚拟通路标识符(Virtual Path Identifier)
的缩写。
Vulnerability(漏洞)
语境【安全】
信息系统、系统安全程序、内部控件或
者实现中可能被利用的弱点。
WWAN语境【网络】
广域网(Wide Area Network)的缩写。
Warm spare (disk)(暖备用磁盘)
语境【存储系统】
在替换故障时,系统虽然不关闭电源但
是不可操作。其他表现和热备用一样。
Warm swap(暖交换)
"系统中,使用可替换单元(RU)来替
换失效的原部件的置换行为。在暖交换技术
中,为了完成替换,系统必须停止功能操作,
但是不必关闭电源。暖交换是由人工完成的
物理操作。另请参考: automatic swap, cold
swap, hot swap。"
"A logical collection of removable media
designated for a given purpose, for example, for
holding the copies of a single repetitive backup
job, or for backing up data from a given client or
set of clients. A volume pool is an administrative
entity, whereas a volume group is a physical
one."
Volume setCONTEXT [Storage System]
Synonym for virtual disk.
VPIAcronym for Virtual Path Identifier.
VulnerabilityCONTEXT [Security]
"A weakness in an information system,
system security procedures, internal controls, or
implementation that could be exploited."
WANCONTEXT 【Network】
Acronym for wide Wide Area Network.
Warm spare (disk)CONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A spare to which power is applied, and
which is not operating, but which is otherwise
usable as a hot spare."
Warm swap"The substitution of a replacement unit
(RU) in a system for a defective one, where in
order to perform the substitution, the system
must be stopped (caused to cease performing its
function), but power need not be removed. Warm
swaps are manual (performed by humans)
physical operations—cf. automatic swap, cold
swap, hot swap."
245
Wave Division Multiplexing(波分
复用)
为了在同一物理光纤(通常为9微米)上
传输更多的通信信息,将光分隔成波长间隔
很窄的多个不同的传输波长光(密集型
WDM)(即一系列的“颜色”)的分隔技术。
每个传输带(“颜色”)都可以传输一个独立
的数据流。
WBEM语境【管理】
基于 Web 的企业管理(Web Based
Enterprise Management)的缩写。
WDM语境【Windows】
波分复用技术(W a v e D i v i s i o n
Multiplexing)的缩写。
Windows 驱动模型(Windows Driver
Model)的缩写。
W e b B a s e d E n t e r p r i s eManagement(基于Web的企业管理)
语境【管理】
基于Web的企业管理是一种DMTF下的
主动管理。缩写为WBEM。WBEM是一些允
许相互操作的企业管理技术的集合。WBEM
由CIM、一个定义描述CIM调度及其数据的
标志(XML 编码)的 XML DTD 和一些用
以交换基于XML的信息的HTTP操作集合组
成。CIM 使用底层信息模型与 XML 数据描
述语言和HTTP 传输协议融合在一起,CIM
创建了关于企业的一个概念视图。
Well-known address(周知地址)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel fabric 提供的用以访问服
务的地址标识符。周知地址不必遵守分区限
Wave Division MultiplexingThe splitting of light into a series of
“colors” from a few (sparse) to many with a
narrow wavelength separation (Dense WDM)
for the purpose of carrying simultaneous traffic
over the same physical fiber (9 micron usually).
Each “color” is a separate data stream.
WBEMCONTEXT 【Management
Acronym for Web Based Enterprise
Management
WDMCONTEXT 【Windows】
Acronym for Wave Division Multiplexing.
Acronym for Windows Driver Model.
W e b B a s e d E n t e r p r i s eManagement
CONTEXT 【Management
"Web-Based Enterprise Management is an
initiative in the DMTF. Abbreviated WBEM. It
is a set of technologies that enables interoperable
management of an enterprise. WBEM consists
of CIM, an XML DTD defining the tags (XML
encodings) to describe the CIM Schema and its
data, and a set of HTTP operations for exchanging
the XML-based information. CIM joins the XML
data description language and HTTP transport
protocol with an underlying information model,
CIM to create a conceptual view of the
enterprise."
Well-known addressCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"An address identifier used to access a
service provided by a Fibre Channel fabric. A
246
well-known address is not subject to zone
restrictions; i.e., a well-known address is always
accessible, irrespective of the current active
zone set."
Wide SCSICONTEXT 【SCSI
"Any form of SCSI using a 16-bit data
path. In a wide SCSI implementation, the data
transfer rate in MBytes per second is twice the
number of megatransfers per second because
each transfer cycle transfers two bytes. cf. fast
SCSI, Ultra SCSI, Ultra2 SCSI, Ultra3 SCSI."
Wide area networkCONTEXT 【Network】
A a communications network that is
geographically dispersed and that includes
telecommunications links. Acronym WAN.
Windows Driver ModelCONTEXT 【Windows】
A Microsoft specification for device drivers
to operate in both the Windows NT and Windows
95/98 operating systems.
Windows Internet Naming ServiceCONTEXT 【Windows】
A facility of the Windows NT operating
system that translates between IP addresses and
symbolic names for network nodes and
resources. Acroym WINS.
W i n d o w s M a n a g e m e n tInstrumentation
CONTEXT 【Windows】
The name of the Microsoft framework that
supports CIM and WBEM. A set of Windows
NT operating system facilities that enable
operating system components to provide
制,也就是说周知地址总是可访问的,而不
管当前的活跃分区集合是哪个。
Wide SCSI(宽带 SCSI)语境【SCSI】
" 使用 16 位数据通路的 SCSI形式。在
宽带SCSI应用中,数据传输率(MBytes 每
秒)是窄带 SCSI 每秒兆传输的两倍,这是
因为每个传输周期,宽带 SCSI 可以传输两
个字节。另请参考: fast SCSI, Ultra SCSI,
Ultra2 SCSI, Ultra3 SCSI。"
Wide area network(广域网)
语境【网络】
一种包括远程通信链路的、地理上相距
很远的通信网络。同义词 WAN。
Windows Driver Model(Windows驱动模型)
语境【Windows】
Microsoft 公司为所有Windows NT 和
Windows 95/98操作系统上运行的设备驱动
所定义的规范。
Windows Internet Naming Service(Windows Internet 名字服务)
语境【Windows】
Windows NT 操作系统中的一种工具,
该工具可以在网络节点和资源的 IP 地址与
符号名字之间进行相互转换。同义词WINS。
W i n d o w s M a n a g e m e n tInstrumentation(Windows管理规范)
语境【Windows】
支持CIM和WBEM的Microsoft框架结
构的名称。是一些 Windows NT操作系统设
备的集合,这些设备允许操作系统组件向管
理代理提供管理信息。同义词 WMI。
247
management information to management agents.
Acronym WMI.
WINSCONTEXT 【Windows】
Acronym for Windows Internet Naming
Service.
WMICONTEXT 【Windows】
Acronym for Windows Management
Instrumentation.
WordCONTEXT 【General】 【Fibre Channel】
1.An addressable unit of data in computer
memory. Typical ly def ined to be 16
consecutively addressed bits. Most processor
architectures include arithmetic and logical
instructions that operate on words.
2.【Fibre Channel】 The smallest Fibre
Channel data element consisting of 40 serial bits
representing either a flag (K28.5) plus three
encoded data bytes (ten encoded bits each) or
four ten bit encoded data bytes.
3. 【Fibre Channel】 A string of four
contiguous bytes occurring on boundaries that
are zero modulo four from a specified reference.
cf. transmission word
Workgroup"A group of UNIX or Windows computer
system users, usually with a common mission or
project, that is created for administrative simplicity."
World wide nameCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
1.A 64-bit unsigned Name_Identifier which
is worldwide unique. cf. Fibre Channel Name
"2.A unique 48 or 64 bit number assigned
by a recognized naming authority (often via
block assignment to a manufacturer) that
WINS语境【Windows】
Windows Internet 名字服务(Windows
Internet Naming Service)的缩写。
WMI语境【Windows】
W i n d o w s 管理规范(W i n d o w s
Management Instrumentation)的缩写。
Word(字)
语境【通用】【光纤通道】
1. 计算机存储器中数据的可编址单元。
一般定义成16位连续编址的数据位。大多数
的处理器结构都包括对字进行操作的算术和
逻辑指令。
2.【Fibre Channel】表示一个40 位串行
数据的最小Fibre Channel数据单元,包含标
志(K28.5)加上三个编码数据字节(每个字
节10个编码位),或者四个10位编码数据字
节。
3.【Fibre Channel】四个相邻字节组成
的数据串,从特殊字符为边界开始,以模 4
为0进行划分。另请参考: transmission word。
Workgroup(工作组)
指一组 UNIX或者Windows计算机系统
用户,这些用户通常是出于简化管理的目的,
为了共同的任务或者项目而聚集到一起。
World wide name(全球惟一名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
1. 全球惟一的64位无符号名字标识符。
另请参考: Fibre Channel Name。
2. 由公认的名字权威组织(经常是通过
给某个生产厂商整块分配的方法)分配的惟
一的48 位或者64 位数字,用以标识网络上
248
identifies a connection or a set of connections to
the network. Abbreviated WWN. A WWN is
assigned for the life of a connection (device).
Most networking technologies (e.g., Ethernet,
FDDI, etc.) use a world wide name convention.
For example, the Ethernet Access Identifier,
often referred to as the MAC address."
World Wide Node Name (WWNN)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A globally unique 64-bit identifier assigned
for each Upper Layer node process mapped by
Fibre Channel.
World Wide Port Name (WWPN)CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
A globally unique 64-bit identifier assigned
to each Fibre Channel port. Fibre Channel
ports’ WWPN are permitted to use any of several
naming authorities. Fibre Channel specifies a
Network Address Authority (NAA) to
distinguish between the various name registration
authorities that may be used to identify the
WWPN.
WormCONTEXT 【Security】
"An independent program that replicates
from computer to computer across network
connections, often clogging networks and
computer systems as it spreads."
Write holeCONTEXT 【Storage System】
"A potential data corruption problem for
parity RAID technology resulting from an array
failure while application I/O is outstanding,
followed by an unrelated member disk failure
(some time after the array has been returned to
service). Data corruption can occur if member
data and parity become inconsistent due to the
的一个连接或者连接集合。缩写为WWN。每
个连接(设备)的WWN在该连接的整个生
命周期中都是有效的。大多数的网络技术
(例如以太网、FDDI等)都遵守全球惟一名
字规范。举例说明,以太网的媒体访问控制
标示符,经常指的是 MAC地址。
World Wide Node Name (WWNN)(全球惟一节点名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
由光纤通道进行映射的分配给每一个上
层节点一个全球惟一的 64位标示符。
World Wide Port Name (WWPN)(全球惟一端口名字)
语境【Fibre Channel】
分配给每一个光纤通道端口的全球惟一
的64位标示符。 光纤通道端口的WWPN可
以由任何名字权威组织许可使用。光纤通道
指定一个网络地址权威 Network Address
Authority (NAA) 来区别各种可能被用来识
别 WWPN 的名字注册权威。
Worm(蠕虫病毒)
语境【安全】
在网络上,能够自行从一台计算机复制
传播到另一台计算机的一种自主程序,当蠕
虫病毒大面积传播时,将会阻塞网络以及网
络上的计算机系统直到瘫痪。
Write hole(写空)
语境【存储系统】
在奇偶校验RAID技术中可能发生的一
种数据失效问题,这种数据失效是由应用程
序 I/O 非常频繁时,单个阵列失效,随后某
个无关的成员磁盘失效(有时候发生在阵列
已经重新上线之后)的情况所造成的。当成
员数据与奇偶校验数据由于阵列失效而发生
不一致时,就会发生数据失效,并且在应用
249
array failure, resulting in a false regeneration
when data from the failed member disk is
subsequently requested by an application. Parity
RAID implementations typically include
mechanisms eliminate the possibility of write
holes."
Write back cache"A caching technique in which the
completion of a write request is signaled as soon
as the data is in cache, and actual writing to non-
volatile media occurs at a later time. Write-back
cache includes an inherent risk that an application
will take some action predicated on the write
completion signal, and a system failure before
the data is written to non-volatile media will
cause media contents to be inconsistent with
that subsequent action. For this reason, good
write-back cache implementations include
mechanisms to preserve cache contents across
system failures (including power failures) and
to flush the cache at system restart time. cf. write
through cache"
Write penalty"Low apparent appl icat ion wri te
performance to independent access RAID
arrays’ virtual disks. The write penalty is inherent
in independent access RAID data protection
techniques, which require multiple member I/O
requests for each application write request, and
ranges from minimal (mirrored arrays) to
substantial (RAID Levels 5 and 6). Many RAID
array designs include features such as write-
back cache specifically to minimize the write
penalty."
Write through cache"A caching technique in which the
completion of a write request is not signaled
until data is safely stored on non-volatile media.
程序继续对失效成员磁盘进行后续数据请求
时,将会导致错误的数据重构。奇偶校验
RAID 阵列在应用中一般都采取了相应的措
施以消除写空的可能。
Write back cache(回写缓存)
一种缓存技术,在回写缓存技术中,一
旦数据写到缓存中,就会发送写请求已完成
信号,而把数据写到非易失性存储介质上的
实际操作将会延迟执行。回写缓存存在有一
个与生俱来的潜在问题,即应用程序在接到
写完成信号之后可能会进行一些其他操作,
而在数据被真正写入非易失性介质之前系统
失效,此时就会导致介质上的数据与后续操
作的不一致性。出于这个问题,良好的回写
缓存实现时要有在系统失效期间(包括电源
失效)保护缓存内容,当系统重启时再写入
介质的机制。另请参考: write through cache。
Write penalty(写开销)
对于RAID阵列的虚拟磁盘进行独立零
碎写访问操作导致的低性能。写开销是独立
访问RAID数据保护技术所固有的问题,因
为这种技术处理每个应用的写请求需要多个
成员 I/O 请求来完成,写开销不仅发生在小
型阵列中(镜像阵列),也会发生在大型阵列
中(例如 RAID 5和 6)。许多 RAID 阵列的
设计中都采用了诸如写回 cache的技术,以
最小化写开销。
Write through cache(透写缓存)
一种缓存技术,在透写缓存技术中,只
有在数据已经安全地写到非易失性存储介质
中去之后,才会发写请求完成信号。在透写
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缓存技术中,写操作的执行性能与无缓存系
统的性能相仿;但是,因为写的数据保留在
缓存中,所以后续的对该数据的读操作的执
行性能将会大大提高。另请参考: write back
cache。
XX_ID语境【Fibre Channel】
Exchange_Identifier 的缩写。
X3T10语境【SCSI】
指美国国家标准化组织中的 X3T10 技
术委员会,该委员会是一个负责计算机与存
储子系统或设备之间进行通信的 SCSI标准
拟定工作的标准化组织。
X3T11语境【Fibre Channel】
指美国国家标准化组织中的 X3T11 技
术委员会,该委员会是一个负责 F i b r e
Channel 和其他一些特定标准(将电子化数
据从计算机中写入或者读出的标准)拟定工
作的标准化组织。
XML可扩展标记语言(eXtensible Markup
Language)的缩写。
ZZero filling(填 0)语境【安全】
将信息系统中未使用的存储位置都用字
符“0”来表示的过程。
Zeroing语境【文件系统】
在交付使用之前向一个区块或一整块磁
盘的所有字节写入“0” (0x00)的过程。
Write performance with a write-through cache
is approximately that of a non-cached system,
but if the data written is also held in cache,
subsequent read performance may be
dramatically improved. cf. write back cache"
X_IDCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
Acronym for Exchange_Identifier.
X3T10CONTEXT 【SCSI
"The ANSI X3T10 technical committee,
the standards organization responsible for SCSI
standards for communication between computers
and storage subsystems and devices."
X3T11CONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"The ANSI X3T11 technical committee,
the standards organization responsible for Fibre
Channel and certain other standards for moving
electronic data in and out of computers."
XMLAcronym for eXtensible Markup Language.
Zero fillingCONTEXT 【Security】
"The process of filling unused storage
locations in an information system with the
representation of the character denoting "0"."
ZeroingCONTEXT 【File System】
"The process of writing zeroes (0x00) to all
the bytes in a block or an entire disk before
251
Zeroing 同样也会致使以前存储造区块或设
备上的数据变得不可访问,除非使用辩证手
段例如磁力显微镜和其他相关的技术来物理
扫描存储介质。
Zeroization语境【安全】
从加密的程序或者设备中清除或者消解
密钥的过程。
Zone(分区)
语境【Fibre Channel】
Fibre Channel 中允许通过 fabric相互通
信的 N_Port以及(或者)NL_Port(也就是
设备端口)端口的集合。不允许任何不属于
一个同一个分区的两个N_Port以及(或者)
NL_Port端口对之间通过fabric进行通信。分
区成员可以使用以下四种方式进行指定:1)
交换机上的端口位置,也就是Domain_ID 和
端口号;2)设备的N_Port名字;3)设备地址
标识符;4)设备的节点名字(Node_Name)。
周知地址都隐式地包含在每个分区之内。
Zone set(分区集合)
语境【Fibre Channel】
对于某个 fabric,分区集合指其分区划
分的集合。某个分区集合内的所有分区可以
重叠或者交叉(也就是说一个端口可能分属
多个不同的分区)。Fabric管理可能会支持分
区集合之间的交换,以满足各种不同的访问
限制条件(例如时钟的不同)。
Zoning(分区)
语境【Fibre Channel】
将存储区域网络划分成多个拆散的分区
(zone),或者划分成多个网络节点子集的方
delivering it for use, or upon its release from use.
Zeroing also renders any data formerly stored
on the block or device inaccessible except by
forensic means such as magnetic force
microscopy and other related techniques that
physically scan the storage media."
ZeroizationCONTEXT 【Security】
The process of removing or eliminating the
key from a cryptographic program or device.
ZoneCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A collection of Fibre Channel N_Ports
and/or NL_Ports (i.e., device ports) that are
permitted to communicate with each other via
the fabric. Any two N_Ports and/or NL_Ports
that are not members of at least one common
zone are not permitted to communicate via the
fabric. Zone membership may be specified by:
1) port location on a switch, (i.e., Domain_ID
and port number); or, 2) the device's
N_Port_Name; or, 3) the device's address
identifier; or, 4) the device's Node_Name. Well-
known addresses are implicitly included in every
zone. "
Zone setCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A set of zone definitions for a fabric.
Zones in a zone set may overlap (i.e., a port may
be a member of more than one zone). Fabric
management may support switching between
zone sets to enforce different access restrictions
(e.g., at different times of day)."
ZoningCONTEXT 【Fibre Channel】
"A method of subdividing a storage area
network into disjoint zones, or subsets of nodes
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法。某个分区之外的存储区域网络节点对于
该分区中的节点而言是不可见的。并且,在
交换式SAN中,每个分区内部的通信都从物
理上与该分区外部的通信隔离开了。
on the network. Storage area network nodes
outside a zone are invisible to nodes within the
zone. Moreover, with switched SANs, traffic
within each zone may be physically isolated
from traffic outside the zone."
253
AD(Administrative Domains)一个管理域 AD 是定义的一组 fabric 元
素的集合 , 包括交换机 , 端口 , 以及可以查
看和修改的设备. 一个AD是一个fabric过滤
后的视图
BB_Credit缓冲到缓冲信用, 用来确定多少个 frame
可以发送到接收者
Bloom这个代码是博科公司第三代 ASIC的名
字 . 这个 ASIC用在 SilkWorm 3000 及以后
的交换机中 .
Brocade 200E 交换机
Brocade 200E交换机为入门级1Gb/2Gb/
4Gb速率自适应交换机, 基本配置8端口, 可
配置 POD许可证升级到 12 端口及 16端口 .
Brocade 4100 交换机
Brocade 4100 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb 交换机 , 基
本配置 16 端口 , 可增加 POD 许可证升级到
24 或 32端口 .
Brocade 4900 交换机
Brocade 4900 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb 交换机 , 基
本配置 32 端口 , 可增加 POD 许可证升级到
48 或 64端口 .
Brocade 7500 SAN路由器
Brocade 7500 是博科公司 4Gb SAN 路
由器 . 可以支持 FC-FC路由及 FCIP 隧道服
务。最大的好处就是在不合并存储网络的前
提下互联不同网络内的设备——从而提供了
更安全与更灵活的存储网络架构。Brocade
7500 共有 16个 FC 端口和两个 GE端口 .
AD(Administrative Domains)An Administrative Domain (Admin
Domain or AD) is a logical grouping of fabric
elements that defines what switches, ports, and
devices you can view and modify. An Admin
Domain is a filtered administrative view of the
fabric.
BB_CreditBuffer-to-buffer credit; used to determine
how many frames can be sent to the recipient.
BloomThe code name given to the third-generation
Brocade Fabric ASIC. This ASIC is used in
SilkWorm switches 3000 series and beyond.
Brocade 200E switchBrocade 200E is Brocade’s entry level
1Gb/2Gb/4Gb switch, basic configuration has 8
ports, you can add POD license to upgrade to 12
and 16 ports.
Brocade 4100 switchBrocade 4100 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb switch, basic
configuration has 16 ports, you can add POD
license to enable to 24 and 32 ports.
Brocade 4900 switchBrocade 4900 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb switch, basic
configuration has 32 ports, you can add POD
license to enable to 48 and 64 ports.
Brocade 7500 SAN RouterBrocade 7500 is Brocade’s 4Gb SAN
router, it can support FCRS and FCIP tunneling
service. The primary advantage of this approach
is the ability to interconnect devices between
SAN fabrics without merging those fabrics —
thereby providing a more secure and flexible
storage networking foundation. Brocade 7500
博科通讯系统有限公司(Brocade)
附录一:厂商常用词条(按字母顺序排列)
254
Brocade 48000 交换机
Brocade 48000 企业级模块化 1Gb/2Gb/
4Gb 速率自适应光纤交换机(又叫director,
即导向器)。有10 个插槽的扩展能力(2 个
CPU 控制板槽,8 个端口板槽),一个48000
机箱可以从32端口一直扩展到384口 , 并且
支持插入FR4-18iSAN路由刀片及FC4-16IP
iSCSI连接刀片 .
Brocade M 6140博科M系列交换机, 企业级模块化1Gb/
2Gb/4Gb/10Gb 速率自适应光纤交换机(又
叫director,即导向器).一个Brocade M6140
交换机可以从32一直扩展到140端口 , 扩展
粒度为 4端口 .
Brocade Mi10K博科M系列交换机, 企业级模块化1Gb/
2Gb/4Gb/10Gb 速率自适应光纤交换机(又
叫director,即导向器).一个Brocade Mi10K
交换机可以从32 端口一直扩展到256 端口 ,
扩展粒度为 4端口 .
Condor这个代码是博科公司第五代ASIC 的名
字. 这个ASIC用在4100, 4900, 7500及 48000
及以后的交换机中 .
Cut-through一种交换机技术 , 当 frame 中的目标地
址一经收到即被迅速发送到目的地
Congestion 拥塞
潜在超载的实际表现 . 一条拥塞的链接
是多个设备竞争带宽的链路
have 16 FC ports and 2 GE ports.
Brocade 48000Brocade 48000 enterprise 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb
module Fibre Channel SAN switch(also called
director, it has 10 slots(2 for CPU control
blade,and 8 for port blade),one 48000 can
be expanded from 32 ports to 384 ports, and it
also support FR4-18i SAN routing blade and
FC4-16IP blade to support iSCSI service.
Brocade M6140Brocade M6140 enterprise 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb/
10Gb module Fibre Channel SAN switch(also
called director). A M6140 can upgrade from
32 ports to 140 ports,the granularity is 4 ports.
Brocade Mi10KBrocade M10000 enterprise 1Gb/2Gb/4Gb/
10Gb module Fibre Channel SAN switch(also
called director). A Mi10K can upgrade from
32 ports to 256 ports,the granularity is 4 ports.
CondorThe code name given to the fifth-generation
Brocade Fabric ASIC. This ASIC is used in
4100, 4900, 7500, 48000 switches and beyond.
Cut-throughA switching technique that allows a routing
decision to be made as soon as the destination
address of the frame is received.
CongestionThe realization of the potential of over
subscription. A congested link is one on which
multiple devices actually are contending for
bandwidth.
255
DCC policy设备连接控制策略
DeskewDeskew 值(时间差 , 纳秒除以 10, 用于
信号通过一组 ISL的值与组中最短 ISL 值的
差), 系统自动设置最短的 ISL deskew 值为
15.
Edge-to-edge routing边缘 Fabric 到边缘Fabric 的路由
EFCM企业 Fabric连接管理程序 . 可提供简单
易用的SAN集中化管理, 并且可以快速访问
到所有设备配置程序 .
E_D_TOV错误检测超时值 . 操作请求在出错前的
最大往返时间
FCIP Tunneling FCIP 隧道
FCIP 隧道服务 , 允许 SAN 延伸到更远
的距离
FOS 5.x运行在Brocade 4100、4900, 7500, 48000
等交换机上的操作系统 , 提供了4Gbps 的端
口支持能力,提供了丰富的管理功能和软件
模块,包括:Webtools, Advanced Zoning,
Extended Fabric,Fabric Watch以及Advanced
Performance Monitor 等。
DCC policyDevice Connection Control policy
DeskewDeskew values (the time difference, in
nanoseconds divided by 10, for traffic to travel
over each
ISL as compared to the shortest ISL in the
group). The system automatically sets the
minimum deskew value of the shortest ISL to
15.
edge-to-edge routingEdge Fabric to Edge Fabric routing
EFCMEnterprise Fabric Connectivity Manager
application. Management software that provides
easy, centralized management of a SAN and
quick access to all device configuration
applications.
E_D_TOVError-Detect Time Out Value; the
maximum round-trip time that an operation could
require before declaring an error condition.
FCIP TunnelingA service that enables SANs to span longer
distances than could be
FOS 5.xBrocade’s Fabric Operating System is
the software architecture that runs on most of the
4Gbps platforms. It provides‘Hotcode
Activation’and management interface,
including Web Tools, dvanced Zoning, Extended
Fabric, Quick Loop, Fabric Watch and Advanced
Performance Monitor etc.
256
FR4-18i blade博科公司SAN路由刀片 , 安装于 48000
导向器上 , 与7500 功能相同 .
HomeADHome AD 指定为某个用户的缺省AD.
有效值为 0-255.
IOD 按序发送
这个参数一旦设定, 则保证所有的frame
按序发送或者被丢掉 .
NPIVN Port 虚拟化
Over subscription 超载
当多个节点潜在竞争一个可以支持多个
节点访问的资源 , 超载是一个 Fabric 拓扑结
构中可以认可的属性 , 直到它产生不可接受
的拥塞为止 .
POD端口按需(增加)
RBAC基于角色的访问控制
Principal switch 主交换机
Fabric中启动的第一台交换机 , 用来确
保 Fabric中的交换机有唯一的 domain ID.
R_A_TOV资源分配超时值 , 超时操作需要的最大
允许的时间,在一个frame在Fabric中仍然可
以传输到达目的地以前
FR4-18i bladeBrocade SAN routing blade mounted on
48000, the same function as 7500.
HomeADHomeAD is the designated home Admin
Domain for the account. The valid value is
between 0 to 255, inclusive.
IODIn Order Delivery; a parameter than when
set, guarantees that frames get delivered in order,
or they are dropped.
NPIVN_Port ID virtualization
Over subscriptionWhen more nodes could potentially contend
for a resource than the
resource could simultaneously support
(typically an ISL). Over
subscription could be a desirable attribute
in Fabric topology, as long as it doesn't produce
unacceptable levels of congestion
PODPort On Demand
RBACRole-Based Access Control
Principal switchThe first switch to boot up in the Fabric;
ensures unique Domain IDs amongst other roles.
R_A_TOVResource Allocation Time Out Value; used
to timeout operations that depend on the
maximum allowable time a frame could be
delayed in the Fabric and still be delivered.
257
SCC交换机连接控制
SERDES 串行 /并行电路
一种转换串行位数据流到并行字符流的
电路 , 并且也可进行反向转换
Secure Fabric OS安全的 Fabric OS 软件
Trunking博科的干线合并技术 , 将多个 ISL 合并
成一个逻辑粗干线的技术 , 在干线上数据流
按 frame进行负载均衡 .
VE_Port特殊端口类型 , 叫做 VE_por t (虚拟
E_Port), 功能有点象 E_port. VE_port 和
VE_port之间的链接叫做interswitch link(ISL)
VEX_PortVEX_Port 允许在 FCIP 隧道上执行 FC
到FC的路由服务 . VEX_Port激活 IFL, 以便
在Frbric之间共享存储和服务器而并不合并
这些 Fabric.
SCCSwitch Connection Controls
SERDESSERializing/DESerializing circuitry; a
circuit that converts a serial bit stream into
parallel characters, and vice-versa.
Secure Fabric OSSecure Fabric OS application
TrunkingBrocade Trunking technology allow
multiple ISL to form a logical trunk, and realize
the frame based traffic load balance.
VE_PortSpecial types of ports, called VE_Ports
(virtual E_Port), function somewhat like an
E_Port. The link between an VE_Port and a
VE_Port is called an “interswitch link” (ISL).
VEX_PortA VEX_Port enables FC-FC Routing
Service functionality over an FCIP tunnel.
VEX_Ports enable interfabric links (IFLs) so
that you can share storage and servers between
fabrics without merging those fabrics.
258
中国惠普有限公司(HP)
ADG (高级数据保护)高级数据保护。RAID ADG 本质上是
RAID level 5 的一个扩展,它通过使用第二
套独立的分布式奇偶校验方案(scheme),来
提供额外的容错保护。数据在一组驱动器上
以条带形式分布,就像在RAID 5上一样,而
第二套奇偶可以跨所有驱动器进行计算和写
入。RAID ADG 提供了极高的数据容错保
护,可以支撑同时出现的多个驱动器故障。
当数据为关键任务数据时,这将是完美的解
决方案。
Asynchronous Replication (异步
复制)一种部署容灾解决方案的方法。依靠异
步复制,数据更新可以在本地进行、在本地
存储,随后,还可以转发到其它所有远程拷
贝。复制可以以接近实时的方式或在预定的
间隔之后进行,这取决于所希望的更新时间
间隔。因此,多个数据拷贝可以临时不同步,
直到它们重新同步进入一个一致的状态。
Chargeback Manager(结算和计
费管理)
自动探测和登记所有物理和逻辑上的存
储设备与设备特性,提供两种成本计算方
法,使得 IT把存储服务级水准、成本与业务
需求紧密联系。
CIC (持续数据保护)优化数据库和应 用的信息恢复。CIC 专
为企业环境而设计,可以连续、透明地反映
任何变化,并提供了包含范围最广的可用返
回点的恢复时间线。
ADGAdvanced data guarding。RAID ADG is
essentially an extension of RAID level 5, which
allows for additional fault tolerance by using a
second independent distributed parity scheme.
Data is striped across a set of drives, just like in
RAID 5, and a second set of parity is calculated
and written across all the drives. RAID ADG
provides for an extremely high data fault
tolerance and can sustain multiple simultaneous
drive failures. This is a perfect solution when
data is mission critical.
Asynchronous ReplicationA method of deploying disaster-tolerant
solutions. With asynchronous replication, data
updates are locally implemented, locally stored,
and at a later time, forwarded to all other remote
copies. Replications can be executed in near
real-time or after a predetermined interval,
depending on the desired update window.
Therefore, multiple data copies could become
temporarily out of synch, until they are
resynchronized into a consistent state.
Chargeback ManagerAuto-discovers and registers all physical
and logical storage assets and asset attributes,
and provides two methods of cost accounting
that enable IT to align storage service levels and
costs with business needs.
CIC(Continuous InformationCapture)
Optimizes information roll-back for both
databases and applications. A local solution
designed for enterprise environments, CIC
continuously and transparently mirrors changes,
offering a timeline represented by the widest
range of available roll-back points.
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Command View(命令视图)
在公用控制器内,Command View 流程
接受存储管理员的存储分配和业务拷贝
(BC)分/合命令,然后针对指定的磁盘阵列
执行正确的操作,来完成所要求的任务。
Continuous Access(持续访问软
件)
作为HP StorageWorks 存储解决方案的
重要部分,它由两个存储系统联合执行存储
阵列到存储阵列的复制操作,同时带有管理
用户界面(Continuous Access UI),它可以
简化配置、监视和维护存储系统的复制功
能。
Enterprise Network StorageArchitecture(企业网络存储体系结构)
HP 的在线分配存储资源的战略,可从
单个公用的存储池中进行资源分配,根据需
要可从GB扩展到PB甚至更多。数据可以根
据用途即时进行复制,用于数据备份、报告
生成、应用相关的备份和恢复。凭借新的基
于政策的管理手段,客户可以集中管理分布
式的主要和备份存储资源,包括动态分配、
自动重新部署、智能数据复制和保护,以及
性能调整等。
EVA(企业虚拟阵列)
HP 企业虚拟阵列。EVA 是业经验证的
HP StorageWorks 磁盘阵列,它由虚拟化技
术来提供支持。EVA是高性能、高容量和高
可用性的“虚拟”RAID 存储解决方案,面
向企业级市场,它打破了传统体系结构存储
器在时间、空间和成本上的局限。EVA专为
数据中心而设计;数据中心迫切需要提高存
储利用率和可扩展性,同时满足具体应用需
Command ViewWithin the utility controller, the Command
View process accepts storage allocation and
business copy (BC) split/join commands from
the storage manager and performs the correct
operations against the specified XP disk array to
accomplish the required tasks.
Continuous AccessA storage-based HP StorageWorks solution
consisting of two storage systems performing
storage array-to-storage array replication, along
with the management user interface (Continuous
Access UI) that facilitates configuring,
monitoring, and maintaining the replicating
capabilities of the storage systems.
Enterprise Network StorageArchitecture
HP's strategy of allocating storage resources
online from a single, common pool, scaling
from gigabytes to petabytes and beyond, as
needed. Data can be replicated instantly for uses
such as backup, report generation, and user-
initiated backups and restores. Customers can
manage distributed primary and backup storage
resources centrally with new policy-based
management practices, including dynamic
allocation, automatic redeployment, intelligent
data replication and protection, and performance
tuning.
EVAHP Enterprise virtual array. The EVA is
the proven HP StorageWorks Disk Array that is
enabled by virtualization technology. The EVA
is high performance, high capacity and high
availability “virtual” RAID storage solution
for the enterprise class marketplace that removes
the time, space and cost boundaries of
traditionally architected storage. The EVA is
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要,以实现始终如一的、高性能的交易 I/O
和MB数据传输速率、无缝的容量扩张、即
时的复制以及简化的存储管理。
extension/extenders(扩展 / 扩展
装置)如果需要为特殊的磁带库配置添加一个
或多个扩展装置,设备可使用采用多模块配
置的级联装置 PTM(5U,10U 等)。
FMA (文件迁移代理软件)帮助简化小型企业及大型企业环境基于
Windows的文件、web 和应用服务器的管理
流程的自动化方案。
FSE (文件系统扩展器)FSE满足了当今企业对经济高效的海量
数据归档存储的需求 , 可根据业务数据可用
性要求和访问需要,提供生产存储系统与二
级存储介质之间自动和透明的数据移动。
GUI touch screen (GUI 触摸屏)GUI (图形用户界面)触摸屏用于手动
操作、设置和配置磁带库。
HP StorageWorks EFS (企业文
件服务集群网关)HP StorageWorks EFS (企业文件服务
集群网关)可提供卓越的 NFS文件服务性能
并能够随着客户业务的发展而不断升级。企
业客户可按需配置存储容量以满足当今的发
展需求,也可随着业务的发展而扩展。HP
StorageWorks Clustered Volume Manager 软
件能够提供可配置的条带化功能、跨阵列进
designed for the data center where there is a
critical need for improved storage utilization
and scalability while meeting application specific
demands for consistently high transaction I/O
and MB data rate performance, seamless capacity
expansion, instantaneous replication, and
simplified storage administration.
extension/extendersEquipment used with the PTM in a Multi
module configuration (5U, 10U, etc.) when the
addition of one or more extensions is required
for that specific library configuration.
FMA (File Migration Agent)FMA is an automated solution designed to
help simplify Windows-based file, web, and
application server administration in small
business to enterprise environments.
FSE (File System Extender)File system archiving software for the
enterprise that lowers the cost of managing
storage by moving old files from primary storage
to a single storage layer with disk or tape, all
without disruption.
GUI touch screenThe GUI (graphical user interface) touch
screen is used to manually operate, set up, and
configure the library.
HP StorageWorks Enterprise FileServices Clustered Gateway
The HP StorageWorks Enterprise File
Services Clustered Gateway delivers superior
file serving performance that allows you scale
your file serving performance in a linear fashion
as nodes are added. In the event of a node failure,
all file serving is failed over to the remaining
nodes and complete session state is maintained
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行聚合存储的功能以及无限扩展功能。
HP StorageWorks Extended Tapelibrary Architecture(扩展磁带库架构)
扩展磁带库架构为企业 SAN 环境中的
磁带库提供了下一代架构。此架构在磁带存
储系统中采用了智能、先进的功能,旨在达
到高可靠性和互操作性要求。此外,该架构
还实现了磁带存储系统的全面可管理性和监
控。
HP StorageWorks Library & TapeTools(L&TT) (预诊断分析软件工具)
是一个安装简便、易于操作的便利程
序。L&TT 的直观用户界面省却了培训需
要,并可在5 分钟内完成部署。这款强大的
诊断工具专为经验丰富的专业人员和未经培
训的管理员设计。它通过自行诊断及快速解
决设备问题,来确保产品完好。它免费内置
在 HP 全线磁带机 , 自动加载磁带机和磁带
库 , 光盘库中。
HP StorageWorks 企业虚拟阵列
文件服务(EVA 文件服务)HP StorageWorks 企业虚拟阵列文件服
务(EVA 文件服务)是一个集成的应用程序(
块)和文件存储解决方案。通过结合极先进
的存储阵列和文件服务技术,同时为块和文
件数据提供高可用和可扩展性能。该解决方
案允许整合单个块仓库和文件存储,与构建
的传统存储解决方案相比,能够获得出色的
灵活性,并降低 IT 成本和复杂性。
with full data and cache coherency.
HP StorageWorks Extended Tapelibrary Architecture
Introduces next generation architecture for
tape library in enterprise SAN environments.
The architecture is aimed at meeting high
reliability and interoperability requirements by
incorporating intelligence and advanced
capabilities into the tape storage subsystem. In
addition, the architecture enables comprehensive
manageability and monitoring of the tape storage
subsystem.
HP StorageWorks Library & TapeTools(L&TT)
L&TT is a single, convenient program
that’s a snap to install and simple to operate.
L&TT’s intuitive user interface eliminates the
need for training and deploys in less than five
minutes. This robust diagnostic tool is designed
for both the experienced professional and the
untrained administrator. It ensures product
integrity through self-diagnostics and fast
resolution to device concerns. It’s free insert in
all of tape drive, autoloader and tape library and
Mo/UDO Jukebox of HP.
HP StorageWorks EnterpriseVirtual Array File Services (EVA FileServices)
HP StorageWorks Enterprise Virtual Array
File Services (EVA File Services) is an integrated
application (block) and file storage solution. By
combining state-of-the-art storage array and file
serving technology, it can serve both block and
file data concurrently with high availability and
scalable performance. This allows you to
consolidate your individual silos of block and
file storage to gain flexibility, reduce IT costs
and complexity as compared to traditionally
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HP Ultium's Dual Servo ControlledTracking(惠普傲群双重伺服控制跟踪)
一个双重的轨迹跟踪,形成闭环,可以
适时的选择不同的伺服系统用于精确的控制
垂直方向的读写磁头装配。
HP Ultrium's adaptive tape speed(ATS)(惠普傲群速率自动匹配功能)
惠普傲群磁带机独有的特性 , 它是连续
监测和适应主机系统上传输的数据流率动态
改变来改变傲群磁带机的速度。自动速率匹
配功能即适用于备份也适用于恢复操作。
MAS (医疗归档解决方案)充分利用基于网格的体系结构的灵活
性,具有容错、自我恢复和自我修复等属性
使医疗机构轻松存储、管理和传输诊断影像
与文档。
MSA (HP 模块化智能阵列)
HP 模块化智能阵列。HP StorageWorks
模块化智能阵列(MSA1000/1500)是一种
2Gb的光纤通道存储系统,专为入门级到中
级存储区域网(S A N ) 而设计。精心设计
的 MSA1000/1500 可降低 SAN部署的复杂
性、开支和风险,它是一种可扩展、高性能
的存储系统,同时还可以提供完善的投资保
护。MSA1000/1500 的模块化设计,使用户
architected storage solutions.
HP Ultium's Dual Servo ControlledTracking
A dual track-following, closed loop,
timingbase servo system is used to accurately
control the vertical location of the read-write
head assembly.
HP Ultr ium's adaptive tapespeed(ATS)
A feature unique to HP’s implementation
of the Ultrium format is the continuous
monitoring and adaptation of the tape pulling
speed so that the Ultrium device operates at the
most appropriate data rate for the host. The
Adaptive Tape Speed(ATS) woks for both
backup and restore operations.
MAS (Medical Archive Solution)MAS uses computing grid-based software
to implement an ILM solution for secure and
reliable storage and transmission of medical
imaging data and address the scalability and
economical challenges that long-term archival
and access to large scale medical imaging
information regardless of the size of the medical
organization with an ILM solution that includes
technology refreshes and meets mission critical
requirements for ubiquitous access, data
protection and business continuity.
MSAHP modula smart array. The HP
StorageWorks Modular Smart Array 1000/1500
(MSA1000/1500) is a 2 Gb Fibre Channel storage
system designed for the entry-level to midrange
Storage Area Network (SAN). Designed to
reduce the complexity, expense and risk of SAN
deployment, the MSA1000/1500 is a scalable,
high performance storage system built with
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可 以 根 据 需 要 轻 松 添 加 存 储 容 量 。
MSA1000 / 1500 是 HP StorageWorks 模块
化智能阵列系列的成员之一,它采用了行业
领先的技术,可以满足当今极为苛刻且不断
增长的存储需求。这些存储解决方案,为直
接连接环境、小型集群、入门级和中级SAN
环境,提供了最优的性价比。各个解决方案
都设计用于最大限度提高传输速率、降低管
理成本,同时促进快速实现投资回报。
OBDR(one button disaster recovery) (单键灾难恢复功能)
是1999年惠普公司提出的,它是为了满
足对快速,简单和可靠的数据恢复的需求增
长而研发的。通过惠普的专利技术,将磁带
机转换为一种特定模式,能够自动模拟成为
一个可引导的CD-ROM。在这种模式下,系
统能够自动识别到磁带机,并能由磁带机来
引导系统。一旦灾难恢复在进行中,软件就
自动地把磁带机转换为“正常”模式。恢复
很容易--仅仅插入最新的备份磁带和在加电
的同时按驱动器上的弹出键就可以了。这
样,单键灾难恢复就会自动的恢复整个系统
到原来的状态。HP DAT 和 Ultrium 磁带机
全线产品都含有此功能。
OpenViewHP 存储管理软件以及网络和系统管理
工具中的一个子品牌。
investment protection in mind. The modular
design of the MSA1000/1500 allows the user to
easily add storage capacity as needed. The
MSA1000/1500 is a member of the HP
StorageWorks Modular Smart Array family,
delivering industry-leading technology to meet
today’s demanding and growing storage needs.
These storage solutions offer the best price
performance features for direct attach
environments, small clusters, and entry-level
and mid-range SAN environments. Each solution
is designed to maximize transfer rates, reduce
management costs, while driving rapid return
on investment.
OBDR(one but ton d isasterrecovery)
OBDR(one button disaster recovery) was
first introduced by HP in 1999, in response to a
growing user demand for quick, simple and
reliable data recovery. Using a patented process,
the tape drive is able to emulate a CD-ROM
drive so that during a Disaster Recovery the
computer can boot from this drive. Once the
boot process has completed, the tape drive
switches back into “normal” mode and proceeds
with restoring data. Recovery is just as easy -
simply insert the most recent backup tape and
then switch the drive on whilst holding down the
eject button. The One-Button Disaster Recovery
process will be automatically initiated and will
completely restore your system to its previous
state. All of HP DAT and Ultrium tape drives
include this function.
OpenViewHP sub brand for storage management
software as well as network and systems
management tools.
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Pass-Through Mechanism (PTM)[传递机械装置(PTM) ]
StorageWorks 传递机械装置(PTM)可在
HP StorageWorks MSL和ESL系列磁带库之
间传输磁带。一套 PTM 系统可用于创建多
块磁带库配置。
Provisioning Manager (自动配置
管理)自动配置管理通过SmartGuideTM技术使
自动配置存储容量,LUN,zone更快,更简
易,并且防止错误出现。这个集中接口能引
导管理员一步一步通过自动配置操作,所以
IT 部门可以对业务需求做出更快速的反应。
Read-After-Write (RAW) (写后读
校验)当数据块写入磁带之后,这一操作模式
可使计算机立即向后读取每个数据块,检查
向后读取的数据是否为所记录的同一数据。
RIM for DB (面向数据库的参考信
息管理器)通过把已停止的业务交易与其它很少访
问的数据移动到一个在线的、可以轻松访问
的存档数据库,来管理不断增长的数据。从
而大大减小生产系统的规模并提升业务性能
.
RIM for Messaging(面向电子邮件
的参考信息管理器)面向电子邮件归档的解决方案帮助企业
降低电子邮件存档费用并实现法规遵从。
RISS (参考信息存储系统)记录管理和存档解决方案,它可以将数
据转变成有用的信息, 最大程度地降低IT存
Pass-Through Mechanism (PTM)The StorageWorks Pass-Through
Mechanism (PTM) enables the transfer of tape
cartridges between HP StorageWorks MSL and
ESL Series Libraries.
Provisioning ManagerAccelerates IT's ability to bring new
revenue-generating projects and applications
on-line and expand the capacity of existing
applications by providing interactive and guided
path provisioning of heterogeneous storage
systems and fabric switches.
Read-After-Write (RAW)A mode of operation that has the computer
read back each block immediately after it is
written on the tape, checking that the data read
back is the same as recorded.
RIM for DB (Reference InformationManager for Databases)
Enables users to move data based on its
current value to the business between storage
tiers and to maintain open access to archived
data across applications, platforms and storage
media, which improves enterprise application
performance and has lower total cost of
ownership.
RIM for Messaging(ReferenceInformation Manager for messaging)
RIM for Messaging is an Email archiving
application that reduces the cost of Email storage
and helps enterprises address compliance
requirements.
RISS (Reference InformationStorage System)
Records management and archiving
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储与运作成本 .
Router/hub (路由器 / 集线器)路由器可与 PTM 一起使用,以便通过
磁带库控制器板上的 10-BaseT 连接器,将
每 个 已 安 装 的 磁 带 库 连 接 到 广 域 网
(WAN),这样可协调PTM 操作和通讯。在
安装采用多模块配置的PTM 和磁带库之前,
应将路由器安装到存储机柜或机架之中。
SecurePath随 StorageWorks 阵列一起销售的程序
包,面向多种操作系统,执行多路径功能,
允许一个阵列控制器的端口可以同时与多个
“总线”、“结构”或“环路”连接,同时将每
个逻辑单元数(LUN)只呈现给主机一次。
SecurePath 可管理总线故障,通过将到LUN
的接入点转移到活跃的操作路径之一,到阵
列控制器,以及透明地转到主机(不包括通
过故障路径的错误恢复来率先完成)。
SRM (存储资源管理)在存储局域网中对存储空间的使用的效
率和速度的优化。
Storage Essentials EnterpriseEdition (HP 存储资源管理软件)
HP 存储资源管理套件为网络(DAS、
SAN、NAS)管理、存储资源管理、布置、备
份报告以及应用基础设施监控等提供了集成
的异构功能。
solution that minimizes storage costs and offers
unprecedented end user accessibility by
transforming data into useful information.
Router/hubThe router is used in conjunction with the
PTM to connect each installed library to a WAN
via the 10-BaseT connector on the library
controller board, which coordinates PTM
operation and communication. The router is
installed into a storage cabinet or rack prior to
installation of the PTM and libraries in a
multimodal configuration.
SecurePathA dr ive r package sh ipped w i th
StorageWorks Arrays for multiple operating
systems that performs a multi-pathing function,
allowing an array controller's ports to be attached
to multiple‘buses’,‘fabrics’, or‘loops’
concurrently, while presenting each LUN to the
host only once. SecurePath manages failures on
a bus by moving the point of access to the LUN
to one of the other active, operational paths to
the array controller transparently to the host
(barring error recovery for a failed path to
complete first).
S R M ( S t o r a g e R e s o u r c eManagement)
The process of optimizing the efficiency
and speed with which the available drive space
is utilized in a storage area network (SAN).
Storage Essentials EnterpriseEdition
A storage management software suite
delivers integrated heterogeneous functionality
for simplifying network (DAS, SAN, and NAS)
management, storage resource management,
provisioning, application infrastructure
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Storage Mirroring(存储镜像)
HP OpenView Storage Mirroring(SM)
是适用于 IP 网络的一款理想的基于主机的
入门级软件产品。SM 并不要求高带宽的光
纤通道网络、高容量的复制和零停机时间的
服务水平。Storage Mirroring(存储镜像)可
提供接近实时的应用或文件恢复,并可精确
到最后一字节的复制。SM 是低带宽的一个
绝佳选择;它适合于存储卷的变化不大的情
况,并且可满足业务在数十分钟或数小时内
恢复的目标。通过降低分支机构或小型办公
网络的相关管理成本,可实现立竿见影的投
资回报。
StorageWorksHP 存储硬件以及网络和系统管理工具
的子品牌。
Tape Alert (磁带告警)磁带告警是一款磁带驱动器状态监控和
发送消息的实用程序,可自动检测可能对备
份质量带来负面影响的介质和驱动器问题。
当出现错误时磁带告警可提供简单易懂的出
错消息,并推荐适当的纠错措施。
Tape Storage Management Console(TSMC)(磁带存储管理控制
台)
一款专为集中SCSI 连接或SAN 光纤连
接磁带设备而设计的多平台存储管理应用程
序,可协助进行安装、维护和故障排除。
The HP StorageWorks EnterpriseBackup Solution (EBS)( 企业备份解
monitoring and backup monitoring and reporting.
Storage MirroringHP OpenView Storage Mirroring (SM) is
an ideal entry host-based software product for
IP networks. SM does not require high bandwidth
Fibre Channel networks, high capacity
replication and zero down time service levels.
Storage Mirroring provides near real-time full
application or file recovery up to the last byte
replication. SM is an excellent choice for low
bandwidth; low storage volume changes and
meets business recovery goals within tens of
minutes or hours. The immediate return on
investment is realized in the reduced
management cost associated with branch or
small offices networks.
StorageWorksHP sub brand for storage hardware as well
as network and systems management tools.
Tape AlertTape Alert is a tape drive status monitoring
and messaging utility that automatically detects
media and drive problems that could have a
negative impact on the backup quality. Tape
Alert provides easy-to-understand error
messages as errors arise and recommends the
appropriate corrective action.
Tape Storage ManagementConsole (TSMC)
TSMC is a multi-platform storage
management application designed for centralized
SCSI-attached or SAN fibre-attached tape
devices to aid in installation, maintenance, and
troubleshooting.
The HP StorageWorks EnterpriseBackup Solution (EBS)
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决方案)是为着眼于整合跨越多平台和异构操作
系统的数据保护计划的客户而提供的高级数
据保护解决方案 .
The Interface Controller (接口控
制器)该控制器类似于磁盘阵列中阵列控制器
的接口控制器,从而在磁带驱动器和SAN间
添加了一个智能层。它从外部连接到 SAN,
为磁带库提供了网络接口。在内部,它们连
接至光纤通道或SCSI磁带驱动器。因此,接
口控制器可管理共享网络访问并提供大部分
所需的可靠性和安全性。
The Interface Manager (接口管
理卡)它是磁带库和SAN环境的中央知识点。
它扩展了架构的智能管理功能并使存储子系
统真正地自行认知和网络认知。接口管理卡
也使丰富、远程和集成的设备管理成为可
能。
Ultrium (傲群)
HP 子品牌用于实施高容量、单轴LTO
技术。
Ultrium Servo System (傲群伺服
系统)它是为HP 傲群磁带驱动器读写傲群的
磁带设计的。它能够提供有关磁带速度和相
对于磁带上数据磁道的读写磁头位置的准确
信息。伺服磁道内嵌的代码系统不断提供有
关伺服磁头所处磁带位置的信息。
A data protection solution for customers
looking to consolidate their data protection
schemes across multi-vendor platforms and
heterogeneous operating systems.
The Interface ControllerThe architecture adds a layer of intelligence
between the tape drives and the SAN by
incorporating a set of Interface Controllers
similar to the array controllers in a disk array.
These controllers connect externally to the SAN,
providing the network interface for the tape
library, and internally to either fiber channel or
SCSI tape drives. As a result, the controllers can
manage shared network access and provide much
of the reliability and security required.
The Interface Manager The interface manager provides a central
point of knowledge of the tape library and the
SAN environment. The interface manager
extends the intelligent management capability
of the architecture and enables the storage
subsystem to become truly self- and network
aware. Rich, remote, and integrated device
management is also made possible by the
interface manager.
UltriumHP sub brand for high- capacity, singlereel
implementation of LTO technology。
Ultrium Servo SystemThe servo system in the HP StorageWorks
Ultrium drive is designed to handle Ultrium
tapes. The timing based servo system in the
Ultrium tape system is the key to the format and
provides accurate information on the speed of
the tape and position of the read write head in
relation to the data track locations on the tape.
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VCS虚拟控制器软件。
Virtual Disks (虚拟磁盘)虚拟磁盘被定义为一个逻辑实体,由一
个或多个提供实际存储容量的物理磁盘组 .
Virtually Capacity-Free Snapshot(虚拟无容量快照)
在虚拟无容量快照(Virtually Capacity-
Free Snapshot)中,存储系统并不为快照卷
(snapshot volume)预留容量。相反,快照卷
中的空间仅仅在原虚拟磁盘的数据被更改时
使用。快照卷是一个新的虚拟磁盘,它最初
可以共享原虚拟磁盘的映射项(m a p
entries)。只有在原虚拟磁盘被写入数据时,
才分配必要的可用空间(free space)来保留
快照的原始内容。
Virtually Instantaneous Snapclone(虚拟即时快照式克隆)
作为执行备份的一种方法,一次虚拟即
时克隆可以以数据传输速度所能允许的最快
速度来对原虚拟磁盘进行完整的拷贝,从而
在尽可能短的时间内创建两个完全一样的独
立拷贝。 在虚拟即时快照式克隆和传统
克隆之间有一个重大区别。使用传统的控制
器,克隆拷贝在拷贝完成之前将不可用。借
助虚拟即时快照式克隆,快照式克隆
(snapclone)数据可以以近乎即时的方式获
得访问。在创建虚拟即时快照式克隆时,控
制器能够访问原虚拟磁盘来获取数据,并对
从进行虚拟即时快照式克隆以来哪些数据发
生了变化的情况做到清楚明了。虚拟即时快
照式克隆的优势在于用户可获得对虚拟磁盘
的基本上毫无延迟的即时克隆。
VCSVirtual Controller Software.
Virtual DisksA disk defined as a logical entity that has
one or more physical disks providing the actual
storage capacity.
Virtually Capacity-Free SnapshotIn a Virtually Capacity-Free Snapshot, the
storage system does not reserve capacity for the
snapshot volume in advance. Rather, space in
the snapshot volume is used only as the original
virtual disk’s data is changed. The snapshot
volume is a new virtual disk that initially shares
the original virtual disk’s map entries. As the
original virtual disk is written, free space is
consumed as necessary to preserve the original
contents of the snapshot.
Virtually Instantaneous SnapcloneA method of performing backup, a virtually
instantaneous snapclone makes a complete copy
of the original virtual disk as quickly as data
transfer rates permit, resulting in two identical
independent copies of the data in the shortest
time possible.There is an important difference
between virtually instantaneous snapcloning and
traditional cloning. With traditional controllers,
the clone copy is not available until the copy is
complete. With virtually instantaneous
snapclones, the snapclone data can be accessed
virtually immediately. As the virtually
instantaneous snapclone is being created, the
controller is able to access the original virtual
disk for the data and keep track of what data has
changed since the instant the virtually
instantaneous snapclone was taken. The benefit
of a virtually instantaneous snapclone is that
users get a point-in-time clone of a virtual disk
essentially immediately.
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Virtual Replicator(虚拟复制器)
HP OpenView Storage Virtual Replicator
是基于服务器的虚拟化方案,使用户可以消
除其存储系统的物理界线,并为 Microsoft
Windows 环境提供灵活、简化的存储管理。
用户可以将物理存储整合到一个容量池中。
容量可以通过创建针对具体生产环境要求而
量身定制的大容量虚拟磁盘来向应用和用户
进行供应。虚拟复制器允许用户针对多种用
途来创建即时、空间高效的快照。例如,一
次快照允许客户执行备份和恢复,而只对用
户和应用造成最小程度的影响。其在线容量
增长(Online Volume Growth)特性可提供
在Windows 2000 或Windows Server 2003 上
扩展虚拟磁盘或基本磁盘的能力,而无需重
启系统。Virtual Replicator(虚拟复制器)可
将备份和恢复时间间隔(windows)从数小
时缩短到数分钟,从而提高数据和应用可用
性,并实现最大的资源利用率,同时还降低
了管理存储的成本和复杂性。它利用了行业
标准组件来保护当前和未来的存储投资。面
向 Exchange 2000 和 SQL Server 2000 的
Virtualized Storage Management(虚拟化存
储管理)是基于 Virtual Replicator 之上并进
行了完全集成和测试的解决方案。
Virtual Library Systems (VLS) 虚拟磁带库系统(VLS)
惠普虚拟磁带库系统(VLS)模拟目前流
行的磁带库和磁带机,无需更改备份软件或
监控相关策略。通过同时模拟多个磁带机,
您可以完成更多的备份工作并减少备份时
间。另外,由于数据保存在磁盘中,因此即
使单个文件遇到损坏也能够极其快速地得到
恢复。简而言之,该磁带库系统具有自动备
份功能、完善的恢复性能、简化的配置和管
理流程,可无缝集成到您现有的磁带环境。
Virtual ReplicatorHP OpenView Storage Virtual Replicator
server-based virtualization enables users to erase
the physical boundaries of their storage units
and provide flexible, simplified storage
management for Microsof t Windows
environments. Users can consolidate physical
storage into a pool of capacity. That capacity
can be provisioned to applications and users by
creating large size virtual disks tailored to the
specific production environment requirements.
Virtual Replicator allows users to create instant,
space efficient snapshots for multiple purposes.
As an example, a snapshot allows customers to
perform backups and restores with minimal
impact to users and applications. The Online
Volume Growth feature provides the ability to
expand a virtual disk or a basic disk on Windows
2000 or Windows Server 2003 without reboot.
Virtual Replicator reduces backup and restore
windows from hours to minutes, improving data
and application availability, maximizing
utilization of resources and reducing the cost
and complexity of managing storage. It utilizes
industry-standard components protecting current
and future storage investments. Virtualized
Storage Management for Exchange 2000 and
SQL Server 2000 are fully integrated and tested
solutions based on Virtual Replicator.
Virtual Library Systems (VLS)Emulating popular tape libraries and tape
drives, HP Virtual Library Systems (VLS)
remove the need to change backup software or
monitoring policies. By emulating multiple tape
drives simultaneously, more backup jobs can be
done in parallel — resulting in requests during
the backup window — something that reduced
backup times. And, because the data resides on
disk, single file restores are fast. The result is
automated backup, improved res tore
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performance and simplified configuration and
management integrated with your current tape
environment.
VirtualizationStorage virtualization is an effort to abstract
the function of data storage from the procedures
and physical process by which the data is actually
stored. A user no longer needs to know how
storage devices are configured, where they are
or what their capacity is. In fact, the user disk
could be elsewhere on the network or could be
composed of multiple distributed disks. Storage
virtualization can be implemented with different
schemes or standards. At present, the market
hasn’t settled on any preferred standard.
Vraid (Virtual Redundant Array ofIndependent Disks)
With VersaStor, all Vraid sets are
distributed across the disks assigned to the disk
pool. Since all the spindles in the pool should, on
average, carry the same workload, the load is
automatically balanced across spindles, resulting
in better performance. In conventional RAID, a
set of disks can only have a single RAID level,
so multiple RAID levels must reside on discrete
groups of disks.
Vraid0A virtualization technique that provides no
data protection. The data server is divided into
chunks and distributed on the disks that institute
the disk group from which the virtual disk was
created. Reading and writing to a Vraid0 virtual
disk is very fast and makes the fullest use of the
available storage, but provides no data protection
(redundancy) unless there is parity.
Vraid1A virtualization technique that provides
Virtualization (虚拟化)存储虚拟化是在数据实际储存的流程和
物理进程中对数据存储功能进行抽象化处
理。用户不需要了解存储设备的配置过程、
位置和容量。实际上,用户磁盘可以位于网
络中的任何地点,或者由多个分散的磁盘组
成。存储虚拟化可以通过不同的方案和标准
来实现。
Vraid(虚拟独立磁盘冗余阵列)
借助虚拟存储技术,所有Vraid 集可在
分配到磁盘池中的磁盘上进行分布。由于池
中的所有磁盘锭(spindles)平均上承担相同
的工作负载,所以当负载可以自动在磁盘锭
(spindles)上进行平衡时会带来更高的性
能。在传统的RAID 中,一组磁盘只能有单
一的RAID 级别,因此多种RAID 级别必须
驻留在分散的磁盘组中。
Vraid0该虚拟技术未提供数据保护功能。数据
被分成块,并分布于各个磁盘,这些磁盘组
成磁盘组,最后再构成虚拟磁盘。Vraid0 虚
拟磁盘的读取和写入速度非常快,并且能够
充分利用可用的存储空间,但是不提供数据
保护功能(冗余),除非进行奇偶校验。
Vraid1该虚拟技术提供最高水平的数据保护功
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the highest level of data protection. All data
blocks are mirrored, or written twice, on separate
physical disks. For read requests, the block can
be read from either disk, which can increase
performance. Mirroring requires the most storage
space because twice the storage capacity must
be allocated for a given amount of data.
Vraid5A virtualization technique that uses parity
striping to provide moderate data protection.
Parity is a data protection mechanism for astriped
virtual disk, on which the data to and from the
server is broken down into chunks and distributed
to the physical disks that constitute the disk
group in which the virtual disk was created. If
the striped virtual disk has parity, another chunk
(a parity chunk) is calculated from the set of data
chunks and written to the physical disks. If one
of the data chunks becomes corrupted, the data
can be reconstructed from the parity chunk and
the remaining data chunks.
XP arrayHP en te rp r i se ex tended s to rage
platform.HP StorageWorks Disk Array XP is a
state-of-the-art storage solution that delivers
outstanding scalability, availability, reliability,
and performance. The Scalable design allows
organizations with high storage capacity and
continuing growth expectations to meet needs
today and tomorrow. The XP supports the highest
number of disk drives of any available disk array
in a remarkably small footprint. No single-
point-of- failure and non-disruptive online
upgrades ensure that data is always available.
The XP uses an advanced crossbar fault tolerant
architecture resulting in outstanding levels of
random and sequential I/O operations for
database, OLTP,SAP, Oracle, and messaging
workloads. The XP disk array supports
能。所有数据都被镜像或二次写入在两个独
立的物理磁盘上。接受到读取请求时,数据
块可以从任意一个磁盘中读取,从而提高了
性能。镜像需要最高的存储空间,因为对于
任何一组数据必须分配两倍的存储容量。
Vraid5该虚拟技术采用了奇偶校验条带,提供
中等的数据保护功能。奇偶校验是一种数据
保护机制,用于条带化的虚拟磁盘,在该磁
盘上往返服务器的数据被分割成块并被分布
到各个物理磁盘上;这些物理磁盘可以构成
磁盘组,并可在其中创建虚拟磁盘。如果条
带虚拟磁盘采用了奇偶校验,数据集所有块
中的另一个块(奇偶校验块)会被计算并写
入到物理磁盘中。如果一个数据块被损坏,
数据能够通过奇偶校验块和剩余的数据块进
行恢复。
XP(阵列)HP企业扩展存储平台HP StorageWorks
磁盘阵列 XP 是世界一流的存储解决方案,
提供了卓越的可扩展性、可靠性和性能。出
色的可扩展设计使具有高存储容量并且预期
会持续增长的企业能够满足现在和今后的需
求。XP 可以在极其狭小的空间内支持在任
何可用磁盘阵列中实现最大数目的磁盘驱动
器。无单点故障和不中断的在线升级确保数
据始终可用。XP采用了先进的 crossbar(交
叉开关矩阵)容错体系结构,为数据库、
OLTP、SAP、Oracle和消息工作负载带来了
出色的随机和顺序 I/O 处理水平。XP 磁盘
阵列通过光纤通道、iSCSI、FICON 和
ESCON 支持异构环境的连接性。XP 还支持
阵列到阵列的本地及远程数据拷贝。在一个
阵列由于灾难不可用时,数据仍然可以通过
远程站点的另一个阵列保持可用。世界一流
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heterogeneous connectivity via Fibre Channel,
iSCSI, FICON and ESCON. The XP also
supports array-to-array local and remote copying
of data. When one array becomes unavailable
due to a disaster, the data is still available from
the other array in a remote location. World-class
service and support offerings meet the most
demanding storage needs including storage
consolidation and disaster recovery applications.
XP Crossbar technologyKey to the high performance is the XP's
crossbar architecture. The XP’s crossbar
architecture eliminates bus contention, creating
a high-bandwidth path from server to disk. This
means that as the capacity of the array is scaled
up with more processors and more disks, the
array continues to increase in performance.
的服务和支持能够满足最苛刻的存储要求,
包括存储整合和灾难恢复应用。
XP Crossbar(XP Crossbar 技术)XP的 crossbar(交叉矩阵)体系结构是
获取高性能的关键。XP的 crossbar体系结构
消除了总线争夺,创建了从服务器到磁盘的
高带宽通道。这意味着阵列通过采用更多的
处理器和磁盘使容量不断提升的同时,性能
也能够得到不断的提升。
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Administrative Access 管理访问
语境【数据保护】【安全性】
管理访问是指根据用户的职责提供适当
的管理访问级别以及限制那些没有此类职责
的人员访问。解决办法包括使用用户身份验
证、基于角色的访问 (RBAC)、核查日志、
SSL/SSH 和密钥管理解决方案。这些管理工
具一方面让正确的人员负责数据,同时可以
防止黑客访问存储系统和基础数据。
Advanced Encryption Standard(AES) 高级加密标准 (AES)
语境【数据保护】【安全性】
美国国家标准与技术研究院 (NIST) 开
发的 AES 是一种新的联邦信息处理标准
(FIPS),描述了一种加密方法。AES 是用于
IPSec 和 Internet Key Exchange (IKE) 的一种
保密传输机制,目的是取代数据加密标准
(DES)。
Capacity on Demand (COD) 按需
扩容 (COD)语境【数据保护】【系统技术】
这种磁带库容量扩展方法是由 Quantum
率先推出的。当客户购买某些机型的磁带库
时,Quantum 会随磁带库提供额外的磁带存
储容量,以便将来轻松扩展磁带库。客户只
需输入软件许可密钥即可激活额外容量。因
此,这种扩展方法能够满足客户迅速增长的
数据存储需要。COD 使客户不必花费时间
和精力来订购、安装和集成扩展模块,并大
大提高了磁带库系统的灵活性。而且,COD
也改善了客户的总拥有成本,因为他们只需
为所需的容量埋单。
昆腾公司(Quantum)
Administrative AccessCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Security】
Administrative access is about providing
the appropriate administrative access level based
on a user’s responsibilities and restricting those
who do not have such a responsibility. Solutions
include the use of user authentication, role based
access (RBAC), audit logging, SSL/SSH and
key management solutions. These administrative
tools put the right person in charge of the data
while preventing hackers from accessing the
storage systems and the underlying data.
Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)
CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Security】
The National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) has created AES, which is
a new Federal Information Processing Standard
(FIPS) publication that describes an encryption
method. AES is a privacy transform for IPSec
and Internet Key Exchange (IKE) and has been
developed to replace the Data Encryption
Standard (DES).
Capacity on Demand (COD)CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】
This capacity expansion method for tape
library was first introduced by Quantum. When
a customer purchases certain tape library models,
Quantum will ship the library with extra tape
storage capacity for easy library expansion in
the future. The customer only needs to input a
software license key to activate the extra capacity.
Hence, this expansion method will be able to
meet the customer’s rapid data storage growth.
COD eliminates the time and effort of ordering,
installing and integrating the expansion module
and greatly improves the flexibility of the tape
library system. It also improves the TCO for the
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Data Access 数据访问
语境【数据保护】【安全性】
数据访问是指保护静止的数据。如果用
户不限制对数据的访问或不加密数据,那么
数据就会被黑客破解或破坏。解决办法包括
使用电子密钥、WORM(单次写入,多次读
取)介质以及在设备上或设备层使用加密。
De-Duplication Technology 数据
重复删除技术
语境【数据保护】【系统技术】【数据缩
减】
一种数据缩减技术,通常用于基于磁盘
的备份系统,旨在减少存储系统中使用的存
储容量。它的工作方式是在某个时间周期内
查找不同文件中不同位置的重复可变大小数
据块。重复的数据块用指示符取代。高度冗
余的数据集(例如备份数据)从数据重复删
除技术的获益极大;用户可以实现 10 比 1
至 50 比 1 的缩减比。而且,数据重复删除
技术可以允许用户的不同站点之间进行高
效、经济的备份数据复制。
Dynamic PowerdownTM
语境【数据保护】【磁带技术】
Dynamic PowerdownTM是 Quantum 享有
专利的一种磁带机技术,它具有安全的电源
管理系统,能在断电期间逐步降低磁带机速
度。这可以在断电时提高磁带机可靠性和数
据完整性。
customers because they only pay for the capacity
that they need.
Data AccessCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Security】
Data access is about protecting data at rest.
If users are not restricting access to data or
encrypting it, then that data can be hacked or
compromised. Solutions include use of electronic
keys, WORM (Write Once Read Many) media,
and use of encryption on an appliance or at the
device level.
De-Duplication TechnologyCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】【Data Reduction】
A data reduction technology typically used
in disk-based backup systems to reduce the
amount of storage capacity used in a storage
system. It works by finding variable-sized data
blocks which are repeated in different locations,
across different files and over an extended time
period. Repeated blocks are replaced by pointers.
Highly redundant datasets, such as backup data,
will benefit greatly with data de-duplication
technology; users can expect reduction ratios
between 10 and 50 to one. De-duplication also,
for the first time, enables efficient and cost-
effective replication of backup data between
company sites.
Dynamic PowerdownTM
CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Tape
Technology】
Dynamic PowerdownTM is a Quantum
patented tape drive technology with a secure
power management system that gradually cycles
down the drive during a loss of power. This
increases the drive reliability and data integrity
in the event of a power loss.
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FastSenseTM
语境【数据保护】【磁带技术】
FastSenseTM 是 Quantum 享有专利的一
种磁带机技术,可以自动匹配物理磁带速度
和主机传来的数据速率,从而保证持续的磁
带流,并消除磁带磨损。
I/O 刀片
语境【数据保护】【系统技术】【SAN】
用于 Quantum 智能磁带库的 I/O 控制
器,可在 SAN 环境中优化磁带机的性能、可
靠性和安全性。I/O 刀片的功能如下:
通过减少交换机端口和缆线需求实现磁
带机聚合端到端主动式 FC 数据通道就绪性
检查FC 端口主机透明的故障切换可实现连
续运行在磁带机和机械手层次支持异构访问
控制的设备级安全性
iLayerTM管理
语境【数据保护】【管理】
iLayerTM是 Quantum iPlatformTM 磁带库
中集成的管理软件层。iLayerTM 管理软件通
过在磁带库中集成先进的诊断服务、磁带库
资源管理和 I/O 管理,大大提高了企业备份
过程的可管理性。iLayerTM 的功能包括内置
于本机的分区功能、真正的磁带机热插拔、
主动式路径验证和故障切换、介质完整性分
析、磁带机使用报告以及可使问题更轻松、
更可靠、更快得到解决的 R e l a t i o n a l
DiagnosticTM逻辑。
FastSenseTM
CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Tape
Technology】
FastSenseTM is a Quantum patented tape
drive technology that automatically matches the
physical tape speed to the incoming host data
rate. This ensures tape streaming and eliminates
tape wear and tear.
I/O BladeCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】【SAN】
An I/O controller for Quantum intelligent
tape libraries, which optimizes performance,
reliability, security of tape drives in a SAN
environment. The features provided by the I/O
blade are:
Drive aggregation by reducing switch port
and cabling requirements
End-to-end proactive FC data path
readiness checks
FC port host-transparent failover provides
continued operation
Device level security which enables
heterogeneous access control at drive and robotic
levels
iLayerTM ManagementC O N T E X T 【D a t a P r o t e c t i o n】
【Management】
iLayerTM is the integrated management
software layer in Quantum iPlatformTM tape
libraries. The iLayerTM management software
dramatically improves the manageability of the
enterprise backup process by integrating
advanced diagnostics services, library resource
management, and I/O management inside the
library. iLayerTM capabilities include native
partitioning, true drive hot swap, proactive path
verification and failover, media integrity
analysis, drive usage reports, and Relational
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iMoverTM技术
语境【数据管理】【软件】
iMoverTM 是 Quantum 多种解决方案中
使用的一项核心技术,它能自动管理数据在
不同存储层之间的位置和迁移,同时允许任
何地方的应用程序透明访问数据。自动化迁
移与透明访问相结合提供了简单性,提高了
总体系统可靠性,并改进了数据可用性,同
时减少了用户花在管理数据上的时间。
Intelligent Storage 智能存储
语境【数据保护】【系统技术】
对应用程序和用户透明是智能存储的核
心概念。为了减轻主机处理数据存储任务的
负担,存储系统应当具有解决互操作性、扩
展、技术升级、组件可用性和数据安全性问
题的能力。智能存储系统由许多不同的组件
组成,包括智能存储设备、智能存储网络技
术和智能存储管理软件。在降低存储网络与
设备复杂性的同时,智能存储系统必须在传
输和存储期间确保数据的可靠性与安全性。
因此,智能存储系统需要在各种层次的数据
存储和传输中实现许多数据保护功能。
DiagnosticTM logic that provides easier, more
certain, and faster issue resolution.
iMoverTM TechnologyCONTEXT 【Data Management】
【Software】
iMoverTM is a core Quantum technology
leveraged in multiple Quantum solutions thatTM
automatically manages the location and
migration of data between different storage tiers
while allowing it to be transparently accessed by
applications wherever it is located. Automated
migration coupled with transparent access
provides simplicity, increases overall system
reliability, and improves data availability, while
reducing the time users spend managing their
data.
Intelligent StorageCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】
Transparent to application and users is the
core concept of Intelligent Storage. In order to
reduce the host's burden of processing data
storage tasks, storage systems should have the
capabilities of resolving interoperability,
expansion, technology upgrade, components
availability and data security issues. An
intelligent storage system comprises many
different components, including intelligent
storage devices, intelligent storage networking
technologies and intelligent storage management
software. While reducing the complexity of
storage networking and devices, an intelligent
storage system must ensure the reliability and
security of the data during transfer and storage.
Therefore, an intelligent storage system needs
to implement many data protection features in
various levels of data storage and transfer.
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iPlatformTM架构
语境【数据保护】【系统技术】
Quantum 的 iPlatformTM 架构 Quantum
智能磁带库集成式智能的物理体现。作为存
储业的一项重大进步,iPlatformTM 包括:
支持集成式磁带库管理和诊断的服务器
级主控制器。主控制器刀片消除了对使用外
部服务器来提供分区、运行数据报告和诊断
等功能的需求。此外,其它处理器分布在整
个磁带库中(I/O 刀片机箱和大容量硬盘),
构成一个强大的分布式架构。
磁带库的 I/O 刀片将磁带库连接到 SAN
结构,并支持嵌入式 I/O 管理功能。请参考
术语 I/O 刀片。
所有磁带库系统皆通过一个强大的通信
网络连接在一起,即行业标准通信区域网络
(CAN 总线),与目前许多汽车上使用的网
络相同。该网络把整个磁带库中的传感器与
分析传感器数据的处理器连接起来,这些处
理器通过 CAN 总线连接在一起,后者将信
息传送到一个集中位置进行分析和显示,以
便将问题告知用户。该架构以更低的成本提
供了更高的可靠性和性能。
Quantum iPlatformTM磁带库为实现电源
系统的完全 2N 冗余提供了一个选项。如果
任何交流或直流电源发生故障,磁带库会继
续全功率运行。
Quantum 为磁带库开发了专有技术的驱
动器仓(drive sled),它可以从磁带机和盒式
介质磁带提取性能与运行数据。每个驱动器
仓均有其自己的处理器,通过 CAN 总线连
接到主控制器。从驱动器仓收集的有关磁带
机和介质的信息将分发到管理控制刀片,因
而可以显示有关备份性能的信息,并将磁带
机或介质的任何问题告知用户。
iPlatformTM ArchitectureCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】
Quantum’s iPlatformTM architecture is
the physical delivery mechanism for Quantum
intelligent tape libraries’ integrated intelligence.
A major industry advancement, the iPlatformTM
consists of:
A server-class main controller that enables
integrated library management and diagnostics.
The main controller blade eliminates the need
for external servers for functions such as
partitioning, operational data reporting, and
diagnostics. Additionally, other processors are
distributed throughout the library (I/O blade
chassis and drive sleds) to form a powerful
distributed architecture.
The library’s I/O Blade connects the tape
library to the SAN fabric and enables embedded
I/O management functions. Please refer to the
term I/O Blade.
All the library systems are linked by a
powerful communications network. An industry-
standard Communications Area Network (CAN
bus) is used which is the same network used in
many of today’s automobiles. The network
links sensors throughout the library with the
processors that analyze the sensor data. These
processors are connected by the CAN bus that
brings the information to a central location where
data is analyzed and displayed to alert the user
about problems. This architecture provides
higher reliability and greater performance at a
lower cost.
The Quantum iPlatformTM tape libraries
offer an option for full 2N redundancy of the
power system. The library will operate at full
performance if any AC or DC power supply
fails.
Quantum develops the drive sleds for the
libraries, which allow extraction of performance
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MediaShieldTM
语境【数据保护】【磁带技术】
MediaShieldTM 是 Quantum 享有专利的
一种磁带机技术,提供增强的冷却和滚轮机
制,可将介质寿命延长一倍。
Physical Access 物理访问
语境【数据保护】【安全性】
物理访问是指对系统、机柜和数据中心
的物理控制。解决办法包括对系统、机柜和
房间使用锁以及部署数据管理流程方面的最
佳做法,例如传送盒式磁带和管理安全密
钥。
OptyonTM 嵌入式数据压缩
语境【数据保护】【系统技术】【数据缩
减】
Quantum 全系列基于磁盘的备份解决方
案中实现的正在申请专利的基于硬件的嵌入
式数据压缩技术。它支持高速数据压缩,可
减少存储空间需求,并且性能影响极小。
Quantum 数据安全框架
语境【数据保护】【安全性】
这个安全框架是 Quantum 在 2005 年 12
and operational data from the drive and the
media cartridge. Each drive sled has its own
processor, which is connected to the main
controller through the CAN bus. Information
collected about drives and media from the drive
sled is distributed to the Management Control
Blade. This enables the display of information
about backup performance, and alerts the user of
any issue with the drive or media.
MediaShieldTM
CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Tape
Technology】
MediaShieldTM is a Quantum patented tape
drive technology that provides an enhanced
cooling and roller mechanism, extending media
life by 100%.
Physical AccessCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Security】
Physical access is about the physical
controls on systems, cabinets and data centers.
Solutions include the use of locks on systems,
cabinets and rooms, as well as the deployment
of best practices in data management processes
such as transporting tape cartridges and
managing security keys.
OptyonTM In-Line Data CompressionCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】【Data Reduction】
A Quantum patent-pending hardware-
based in-line data compression technology which
is implemented in Quantum’s full range of
disk-based backup solutions. It enables high-
speed data compression to reduce storage space
requirements with minimal performance impact.
Quantum Data Security FrameworkCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Security】
This security framework was launched in
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December 2005 by Quantum, receiving
recognition for being a thought leader within the
storage industry for its security initiative.
Quantum’s “Defense in Depth” approach to
security calls for a tiered framework to
correspond to the multitude of security threats in
a storage environment. To be properly protected
against security threats, Quantum recommends
protection of data access, administrative access
and physical access in a holistic approach.
SmartVerifyTM
CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Tape
Technology】
SmartVerifyTM is a Quantum patented tape
drive technology that concurrently verifies all
data written to the tape, virtually eliminating the
need for traditional verify pass during backup
operations, thus reducing the backup window.
StorageCareTM GuardianCONTEXT 【Data Protection】【Services】
StorageCareTM Guardian is a remote
monitoring and diagnostic solution that enables
Quantum to proactively monitor the health of
Quantum systems over the internet and use
intelligent diagnostics data to remotely service
the equipment if issues arise.
StorNext Storage ManagerCONTEXT 【Data Management】
【Software】
Based on StorNext File System (SNFS
refer to term StorNext File System), StorNext
Storage Manager provides efficient, automated
and policy-based data migration and protection
services. Real time policy engine provides
different levels of data migration policies to
meet users’ data storage and archival
requirements. The policies can move data among
different storage devices and systems, such as
月发布的,凭借此安全计划,Quantum 成为
存储业公认的超前思维厂商。Quantum 的
“深入防御”安全方案需要一个分层框架以
响应存储环境中的众多安全威胁。为了适当
防范安全威胁,Quantum 建议全面综合的保
护数据访问、管理访问和物理访问。
SmartVerifyTM
语境【数据保护】【磁带技术】
SmartVerifyTM 是 Quantum 享有专利的
一种磁带机技术,它能同时验证写入磁带的
所有数据,几乎消除了备份操作期间对传统
读写验证的需求,因而缩短了备份窗口。
StorageCareTM Guardian语境【数据保护】【服务】
StorageCareTM Guardian 是一种远程监控
与诊断解决方案,可使 Quantum 通过互联
网主动监控 Quantum 系统的运行状况,并
且如果出现问题,可以利用智能诊断数据远
程修复设备。
StorNext Storage Manager语境【数据管理】【软件】
StorNext Storage Manager 基于 StorNext
File System(SNFS StorNext File System),
提供高效、自动、基于策略的数据迁移和保
护服务。实时策略引擎提供不同级别的数据
迁移策略,以满足用户的数据存储和归档要
求。策略可以在不同的存储设备和系统之间
移动数据,例如高性能磁盘、高价值磁盘和
磁带库。文件复制、版本处理和出库功能提
供了数据保护能力。
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performance disk, value disk andTM tape libraries.
File replication, versioning and vaulting features
provide data protection capabilities.
StorNext File SystemCONTEXT 【Data Management】
【Software】
StorNext File System (SNFS) provides
shared high-speed data and file access on
centralized disk arrays over SAN or LAN for
heterogeneous hosts, significantly improving
the speed of file access. At the same time, SNFS
reduces the redundancy of data and improves
the storage efficiency. The primary features of
SNFS are:
High speed SAN File System
independent, 64-bit journal file system.
Heterogeneous platform support (UNIX,
Linux, Windows) with concurrent access to the
same data volume in a SAN disk array.
Support for mainstream SAN networking
and storage devices, such as SAN switches,
HBAs and disk arrays.
Virtual Tape Library (VTL)CONTEXT 【Data Protection】【System
Technology】【Emulation】
A disk-based backup system which has
integrated emulation software which enables
the disk-based system to function as a tape
library. This enables the user to use existing
backup and recovery processes and software
with minimal changes, while providing better
backup and recovery performance to meet the
user’s recovery time and recovery point
objectives.
StorNext File System语境【数据管理】【软件】
StorNext File System (SNFS) 通过 SAN
或 LAN 在集中式磁盘阵列上为异构主机提
供共享高速数据和文件访问,大大提高了文
件访问的速度。同时,SNFS 还能减少数据
冗余,提高存储效率。SNFS 的主要功能如
下:
高速 SAN 文件系统 独立的 64 位日志
文件系统。
支持异构平台(U N I X 、L i n u x 、
Windows),允许不同客户端同时访问一个
SAN 磁盘阵列中的相同数据卷。
支持主流 SAN 网络和存储设备,例如
SAN 交换机、HBA 和磁盘阵列。
Virtual Tape Library (VTL) 虚拟磁
带库
语境【数据保护】【系统技术】【仿真】
集成了仿真软件的基于磁盘的备份系
统,仿真软件可使基于磁盘的系统发挥磁带
库的效用。这使得用户几乎不需要更改就能
利用现有的备份与恢复过程和软件,同时提
高了备份与恢复性能,可满足用户的恢复时
间和恢复点目标要求。
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HyperClone(克隆)HyperClone为某数据对象建立一份某时
刻的完整的物理拷贝,以有别于HyperImage
的另一种方式提供数据时间点的一致性副
本,通过华为阵列设备强大的系统内复制功
能来生成数据的完整的、一致性的物理副
本,就像数据被克隆了一份,可以为系统内
的数据提供保护功能,用户可以灵活的创建
数据多个时间点的一致性副本。当源卷数据
发生人为操作或物理的损坏时,可以选择合
适的时间点数据副本回滚来恢复数据,使用
户的数据万无一失。
HyperCopy (LUN 拷贝)华为HyperCopy可以在离线和在线状态
下将源卷中数据拷贝到目标卷中,源卷和目
标卷可以在不同阵列设备上。HyperCopy不
仅可以在 S5000 设备内部实现数据复制功
能,还可以在S5000 设备间,S5000 与华为
存储系统产品间,甚至S5000与其他厂商的
异构设备间实现数据复制。HyperCopy提供
两种数据复制方法:全量复制和增量复制,
可以同时满足不同的用户需求:全量复制:
设备LUN之间,每次数据复制都采用完整的
数据复制。增量复制:设备LUN之间的数据
复制过程,除首次采用完整的数据复制外,
以后每次仅需要复制发生更新的数据即可 .
HyperFreeload(华为扩展拷贝)华为 HyperFreeload 实现了存储阵列设
备和带库等备份设备之间的直接数据备份,
备份的数据流不需要经过主机或备份服务器
或媒体服务器,极大提高了备份速度和效
率。
HyperImage(华为虚拟快照)对华为存储阵列内一个数据对象(LUN
或VOLUME)产生的完全可用的副本,它包
含该数据对象在某一时间点的映像。华为
HyperImage为降低备份时间、缩小备份窗口
而提供基于时间点的完整的数据副本,在几
HyperCloneHyperClone creates a full point-in-time
copy of a LUN or Volume.User can create
multiple clones with flexibility.
HyperCopyHyperCopy creates a copy of orginal
volume to a target volume. The orginal volume
and the target volume may reside on the same
array or different disk arrays. HyperCopy can
make copies in a Huawei S5000 storage array,
or between S5000 and 3-party arrays.HyperCopy
provides two different approaches of copy: full
copy or incremental copy.
HyperFreeloadHyperFreeload backup data directly from
storage array to tape library. Data does not go
through host, or other server.
HyperImageHyperImage creates an accessable virtual
copy (snapshot) for a LUN or a VOLUME in a
Huawei Disk Array, which is a point-in-time
data image of the LUN or the VOLUME.
HyperImage provides a point-in-time virtul copy
华为技术有限公司
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秒内获得源卷数据的即时时刻的一致性映
像,并占用较少的存储空间(资源卷),对快
照的访问和对源卷的访问可以同时进行。可
以为系统内的数据提供保护功能,用户可以
灵活的创建数据多个时间点的一致性副本。
HyperMigration(LUN 迁移)在数据生命周期的管理中,用户可能需
要在不影响业务的情况下,将过期数据或者
不再重要的数据迁移到成本更低的存储介质
中,或者将某些重要数据迁移到更加安全可
靠的存储介质中。华为HyperMigration软件
提供的数据迁移功能,可以很好地满足这类
用户需求;HyperMigration 使用户可以在线
完成数据迁移,期间不影响业务的正常运
行,HyperMigration 具有非常强大的容错能
力,在设备故障、用户误操作等异常情况下,
可以有效保护数据。HyperMigration 提供的
迁移功能快速有效。并且提供了多种迁移速
率,供用户选择。
HyperMirror/ Synchronous (同步
远程镜像)HyperMirror/Synchronous 基于华为存储
阵列,通过 SAN Fabirc,以LUN 为基本单
位,使主站和镜像站存储的数据保持实时同
步。来自应用主机的更新,在写入主站存储
系统的主LUN后,还会被发送至镜像站存储
系统的从LUN,只有当两个系统中都拥有该
数据之后,才返回给主机写完成。如果哪端
的数据更新没有成功,整个写操作将返回失
败,从而彻底的保证主、从LUN上数据的一
致性。HyperMirror/Synchronous 支持增量重
同步功能,当主、从LUN间的镜像关系断开
后,系统会自动记录主LUN上的修改过的数
据的位置,当主、从LUN再次进行同步时,
从LUN只需根据该记录更新修改过的部分,
从而缩短同步时间。
HyperMirror/Asynchronous(华为
异步远程镜像)
of the LUN to reduce copy time. A copy can be
created in less than several seconds, uses less
system resource, and can be done while there is
data access to the orginal LUN.
HyperMigrationDuring an information life cycle, user needs
to put out-of-date data to secondary storage, or
move important data to more secured storage
media. HyperMigration satisfy this type of needs
by migrating data while storage is still online
and data are still in use. HpyerMigration provides
powerful fault torlence capability, so that even
there is fault user operation and device problem,
the data is still protected. HyperMigration
provides wide range of migration speed for user
to select from.
HyperMirror/ SynchronousHyperMirror/Synchronous does LUN-
based synchronization between Huawei
primary storage array and mirrored storage
a r r ay t h rough f ab r i c . Hype rMi r ro r /
S y n c h r o n o u s s u p p o r t s i n c r e m e n t a l
synchronization. After the synchronous mirror
is split, system will record the difference, and
next time of synchronization will be based on
the increamental session.
HyperMirror/AsynchronousHyperMirror/Asynchronous provides LUN
HyperMirror/Asynchronous 基于华为存
储阵列,提供以LUN为基本单位的主站到镜
像站长距离的数据异步镜像。来自主机的更
新,只须让主站存储系统写完成后,即可返
回给主机写完成,镜像站的更新可以在随后
由主站向镜像站同步而完成。HyperMirror/
Asynchronous 下,主机应用程序不必等待远
端写操作是否完成,消除了链路传输延迟对
系统性能的影响,因而可以使主站、镜像站
的连接距离更远(几百甚至上千公里),灾难
防范的范围更广。主站、镜像站的SAN间可
以通过网关与 WAN连接,从而实现通信。
OSM (华为存储设备管理软件)华为公司存储管理软件,给用户提供统
一的管理华为存储设备的管理、维护、操作
界面,包括基于WEB的GUI界面和基于CLI
的命令行界面。
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based, long-distance, asynchronous mirror
capability. Primary array will send finished-
response to host as soon as a write completes on
primary array.
OSMHuawei Storage Device management
software, provides unified interface for
managment, maintain and operation, including
browser based GUI, and CLI.
博科通讯系统有限公司 (Brocade)博科公司提供业界领先的平台、解决方案及服务,助您在共享存储环境中智能的连接、
管理及优化IT资源,从而帮助各种机构更有效的管理计算环境和数据资产以降低IT运营成
本和企业内部复杂性。
博科公司在存储区域网络(SAN)市场中始终处于主导地位,世界领先的存储系统厂商
均将博科SAN基础构架解决方案作为其网络存储的基础。按端口数量计算,博科占有整个
光纤通道交换产品市场72.3%的份额,其中光纤交换机市场份额为83.4%,导向器市场份额
为63.3%。迄今为止,已有将近200,000的 SAN基础构架被部署在各行业数以千计的 IT 生
产环境中。
此外,博科领导的创新性文件区域网络(FAN)解决方案为更加高效的文件管理提供了
基础。这些解决方案的设计宗旨是优化数据中心及分布式企业中基于文件的操作。
为确保提供最为完善的解决方案,博科同时提供内容广泛的专业服务,从而帮助各种
机构获得最大化的技术投资回报。
公司里程碑: 2007年3月14日:2007年博科用户大会在京隆重召开,博科全球销售副总裁Ian Whiting
先生介绍了公司近期发展方向以及在亚太区的业务战略。除博科用户、合作伙伴及潜在客
户外,本次大会还吸引了McDATA用户前来参加。同时,为了方便华东及华南用户和合作
伙伴,上海站的 2007年博科用户大会也于 3 月 22 日顺利举行。
2007年 3 月 5 日:博科公司宣布推出新Brocade 5000 交换机及 SAN Health 专业版。
2007年2月27日:博科公司宣布德国知名研磨机和精密机械工具制造商Gehring集团
采用博科 FAN软件解决方案,更高效地管理其基于文件的数据环境。
2007年 1 月30 日:博科公司宣布于 2007年 1 月29 日正式完成对 McDATA公司的收
购。公司同时宣布了整合的新产品规划,公司新品牌的推广计划以及回购额外价值2 亿美
元的股票。
2007年 1 月 10日:博科公司宣布收购 Silverback 系统公司。Silverback 是一家网络加
速技术提供商,其研发的网络处理器有助于在网络存储环境中加速并改善存储流量。
2006 年 12 月 18 日:博科公司和 Packeteer 有限公司宣布,推出博科 Tapestry 广域文
件服务(WAFS)软件版,帮助用户轻松地在分支办公机构和分散的地理位置部署高性能文
件访问。此新型软件版博科 WAFS 基于微软的 Windows平台并在 Windows Server 2003 中
运行,是由博科与 Packteer 共同开发完成。
2006年 12 月 7 日:博科公司于2006 年 12 月 7日至 9 日,在珠海召开了“珠联璧合,
海纳群英—— 2006年博科公司渠道峰会”。
2006年11月20日:博科公司宣布,美国航空航天管理局(NASA)Ames 研究中心采
用博科 4 Gbit/sec SilkWormTM 交换机,将 Columbia 超级计算机连接到 600TB 的光纤通道
RADI 存储。
2006年11月6日:博科公司宣布扩展博科SAN Health产品系列,推出全新的高级SAN
Health 专业框架和模块,以及新型的交互式 SAN Health专家咨询服务。
2006 年10月27日:博科公司宣布,英国的数据法规遵从咨询服务公司Kalypton公司
采用博科TapestryTM广域文件服务(WAFS)和博科Tapestry 数据迁移管理器(DMM),从
而确保在不中断业务运营的情况下,安全地迁移并管理公司用户分散的文件数据。
2006年10月17 日:博科公司宣布北京大学采用了博科新型数据整合解决方案和灾难
附录二:厂商介绍(按公司名称排列)
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恢复基础设施,以便更好地管理和扩展在存储区域网络(SAN)环境中急剧增长的数据。
2006年 10 月9 日:博科公司宣布博科 SilkWorm 7500交换机将加入 EMCTM 选定产品
计划(EMC Select Program)。
2006年 9月 13日:博科公司宣布推出 20多种全新的增强型产品和服务,旨在让客户
更有效地访问公司信息,整合资源并管理数据中心基础设施。
2006 年 9 月 12 日:博科公司发布首席执行官Michael Klayko 致客户的一封信:博科
公司对 McDATA和 Brocade客户的承诺。
2006 年8 月 22 日:博科公司公布了截至 2006年 7 月 29 日的2006 财年第三季度的财
务报告。在本季度中,公司收入再创历史新高,达到创纪录的 1.889 亿美元,较第二季度
1.827亿美元的收入增长 3%,较2005 财年第三季度 1.223亿美元收入增长 55%。
2006年 8 月 16日:博科公司宣布,位于波兰 Poznan的在线拍卖公司 QXL Poland Sp.
z o.o.(Allegro)采用 4 Gbit/sec 博科 SilkWormTM48000 导向器技术,整合当前的数据存储
解决方案。
2006年8月9日:博科公司和McDATA公司宣布达成最终协议,博科将通过股票交易
的方式收购 McDATA。
2006年7月10日:博科公司宣布,惠普的B系列交换产品将增加三款新型博科存储网
络连接解决方案。
2006年6月26日:博科公司宣布,北电公司最新发布的业务连续性系统(BCS)3000
分支办公室配置将采用博科广域文件服务(WAFS)解决方案,帮助企业客户简化和整合分
支办公室的计算和联网应用。
2006年 6月 22日:Ameren公司日前采用博科公司 Tapestry StorageX 软件,实现对企
业文件数据的高效管理。
2006年6月12日:博科公司日前宣布,日立数据系统公司将在其网络存储解决方案中
新增博科SilkWormTM 4900存储区域网络(SAN)交换机,从而能够向客户提供基于通用系
统体系架构的全系列 4Gbit/sec光纤通道 SAN 连接产品。
2006年 5月 29日:博科公司宣布推出 Brocade Tapestry MyView (资源访问管理解决
方案)的最新版本。
2006 年 5 月22 日:博科公司日前宣布 IBM 公司将在其 System Storage 系列产品中增
加三款新的 Brocade存储网络连接平台。
2006年5月12日:博科公司和Packeteer宣布,双方已达成OEM协议,将联合开发并
推出创新的分支机构解决方案。
2006年4月11日:博科公司在北京举行博科四大旗舰产品(Tapestry WAFS、Tapestry
DMM、4G 解决方案和专业服务)现场演示会。此外,此次巡展还会专门针对华南和华东
的用户举行专场,分别于 13 日和18 日在广州、上海举行。
2006年 3月 16日:博科公司在北京召开了博科、联强国际合作签约及新品 SilkWorm
205E 8 口光纤通道交换机发布会。
2006年3月 9日:博科公司今天发布了多款网络存储新产品和新功能,为建设下一代
数据中心提供专业的存储区域网络(SAN)设备组件。
2006年 3月 9 日:博科公司今天发布了全新的博科 iSCSI网关解决方案,其丰富的功
能可帮助用户实现低成本存储整合以及 SAN 与 iSCSI 的高性能互联。
2006年3月9日:博科公司今天发布了一款高性能64端口SAN交换机-SilkWorm 4900,
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为 SAN设计和整合提供了更高的性价比。
2006年3月9日:博科公司今天宣布在其SilkWorm 48000导向器中增加了强大的网络
连接功能,以进一步加强该导向器作为目前性能最高的存储区域网络(SAN)导向器的地位。
2006年2月21 日:博科公司近日宣布:Brocade TapestryTM数据迁移管理器(DMM) 获
得《存储杂志》以及 Serachstorage.com 颁发的网络设备类年度最佳产品奖银奖。
2006年1月20日:博科公司近日宣布:博科的数据存储解决方案帮助费城股票交易所
降低了75%的数据存储费用,并且可以更有效率的将不断增加的交易记录和文件归档保存。
2006年 1月13 日:博科公司于1 月11 日在深圳,13日在北京分别召开其新近推出的
产品线TapestryTM 的技术研讨会。
2005年 12 月 13 日:博科公司今天在上海举行了2005 年全球用户大会。
2005年 12 月 7 日:博科公司今天在北京举行了2005 年全球用户大会。
2005 年11 月 22 日:博科公司今天宣布已经开始向 IBM BladeCenter 提供新型嵌入式
存储区域网络(SAN)交换机模块,为选择刀片式计算性能和灵活性的客户提供更先进的
高性能服务器与存储设备连接性能。
2005 年 11 月 18 日:博科公司正在举办亚太地区 SAN 行业盛会 - 2005 博科全球用
户大会。
2005年10月 31日:博科公司近日推出多项新产品和服务,旨在提高信息技术在动态
业务环境中的有效性。这次 Brocade 推出的新品包括一个即插即用的强大数据迁移解决方
案、一个用于整合 SAN环境的增强型平台以及一些新的专业服务。
2005年10月 21日:博科公司日前向外界透露,博科即将在亚太地区举行全球性的博
科通讯年度用户大会。
2005年10月4日:博科公司宣布,惠普公司的B-Series网络存储解决方案业务将全面
采纳博科的 4 Gbit/sec 的 SilkWorm 48000 导向器和 SilkWorm 200E交换机。
2005年 9月 21日:近日,博科公司发布了最新版本的SAN 健康诊断工具,该产品能
够保证存储网络保持最佳性能运行,可用于分析诊断SANs并优化其结构,使其达到峰值性
能。
2005年9月13-14日:博科公司参加了网络存储世界 /2005中国大会, 与会展示了博科
全球领先的存储产品和解决方案,并且参与了 SNIA 存储课堂(SNIA Tutorial),介绍了光
纤通道技术及其发展趋势。
2005年8月23日:博科公司宣布,日立数据系统宣布其网络存储方案业务全面采纳博
科的 4 Gbit/sec Brocade SilkWorm 48000导向器和 SilkWorm 200E交换机。
2005年8 月10 日:博科公司近日宣布:华为技术有限公司(华为)顺利通过Brocade
Fabric支持计划认证,华为的 OptiX Metro WDM 和 OptiX OSN 系列设备成功完成与博科
光纤通道交换机和多协议路由器互操作性测试。
2005年8月10日:IBM在其TotalStorage家族中加入的两款产品是基于博科SilkWorm
48000 导向器的 IBM TotalStorage SAN256B 以及基于博科 SilkWorm 200E 交换机的 IBM
TotalStorage SAN16B-2光纤交换机。
2004 年 6 月:博科通讯正式发布多协议光纤通道网络路由器(SilkWorm Multiprotocol
Router)产品。从而与此前发布的 SilkWorm 3250/3850 以及导向器 SilkWorm 24000 一起,
实现了 Brocade 公司历史上最大的一次产品升级
2004 年5 月:博科通讯宣布为IBM BladeCenter 提供刀片式光纤通道交换机模块Blazer,
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以支持 IBM“随需应变”企业计算策略
2004 年 4 月:博科通讯发布企业级导向器光纤通道交换机SilkWorm 24000
2004 年3 月:博科通讯发布两款入门级光纤通道交换机产品:8 端口 SilkWorm 3250
和 16 端口 SilkWorm 3850
2003 年 11 月 3 日:第二届“博科网络存储论坛”在北京举行,并在会上为亚太区第
1000 个 Brocade 认证光纤通道网络专家颁发证书
2003 年 10 月:博科通讯发布创新的Brocade 多协议光纤通道网络路由服务技术
2003 年 10 月:博科通讯向 OEM 及软件合作伙伴发布光纤通道网络应用平台
(SilkWorm Fabric AP7420),并发布基于 Fabric AP 的 XPath 应用平台技术
2003 年10 月:IBM 宣布其已经认证通过博科通讯Brocade SilkWorm 12000 上的FICON
支持并开始向用户提供基于 SilkWorm 12000 的 FICON 产品
2003 年6 月:博科通讯与Emulex 联合发布HAB 与光纤通道交换机上统一的Fabric247
SAN 网络管理与安全特性
2003 年 5 月:做为光纤通道交换设备领域唯一厂商,博科通讯与业界领先厂商合作
发布新一代微软系统架构蓝图(Microsoft System Architecture Blueprint)
2002年11 月:博科通讯宣布收购 Rhapsody公司,并宣布开发光纤通道网络(Fabric)
应用平台产品,大力提升 SAN 网络智能化水平
2002 年 10 月:博科通讯发布32 端口 2Gb/Sec 企业级光纤通道交换机 SilkWorm 3900
2002 年 9 月:与清华大学开展合作,推出国内第一个SAN 专业技术人员教育及认证
计划 SANTM Ed Pro
2002 年 6 月:联想集团成为博科通讯中国的第一家本地OEM 合作伙伴
2002 年6 月:博科通讯在中国首次举办规模盛大的“博科网络存储论坛”,2100 多名
用户及合作伙伴参加大会
2002 年 2 月:博科通讯发布8 端口 2Gb/Sec 光纤通道交换机 SilkWorm 3200
博科通讯发布第二代Fabric 网络交换机API,提供开放接口,使应用软
件伙伴能够开发充分利用 Brocade 交换机智能化特性的网络存储应用产品
2001 年 10 月:博科通讯系统有限公司北京代表处成立
2001 年 9 月:博科通讯向清华大学捐赠光纤通道交换机设备,共同建立“SAN 技术
联合实验室”
2001 年:博科通讯系统有限公司发布 2Gbit/sec 产品系列,所括:SilkWorm 12000核
心光纤通道交换机,SilkWorm 3800 企业级光纤通道交换机,SilkWorm 3200 入门级光纤通
道交换机,以及 SAN 网络架构管理软件
2000 年:博科通讯成为 InfiniBand Trade Association(IBTA)发起人之一
2000 年:博科通讯系统有限公司推出教育计划,包括针对普通专业人士的SAN 技术
普及课程和高级 IT 专业人士的 Brocade SAN 专业技术人员教育认证计划
1999 年:博科通讯系统有限公司的高层管理人员被推选为SAN 行业协会和光纤通道
行业协会的理事成员
1999 年:博科通讯系统有限公司在美国 NASDAQ上市,并成为年内 NASDAQ 上市
的公司中第三大公司
1998 年:博科通讯系统有限公司签署第一个重要的OEM 合作伙伴,并开始拓展销售
渠道
287
1997 年:开始向客户发运第一个基于连网模式存储的产品 SilkWorm 1000 光纤交换
机
1996 年:产品原型机完成,开始在市场、技术支持和销售方面的工作
1995 年:博科通讯系统有限公司成立
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中国惠普有限公司 (China Hewlett-Packard Co., Ltd.)惠普是全球领先的企业级产品、技术、服务及解决方案供应商,全面引领企业解决方
案领域的技术和市场发展潮流:在所有基于服务器的运行环境中,以及各类存储设备和管
理软件领域,惠普都位居市场领导地位。此外,惠普在全球拥有65,000名服务专家,可为
客户提供咨询与集成、管理服务、战略外包、运维服务等各种内容和级别的专业服务,并
位列全球服务交付基础设施管理领导厂商。
惠普坚持开放的商业模式,通过与合作伙伴的强强合作,为客户提供更广泛的自由选
择,使客户能够根据自身需求、现状、发展和预算,获得适应其业务需要的产品和服务。惠
普企业解决方案成功应用于电信、金融、制造及零售、政府及公共事业等行业。惠普致力
于以创新科技和专业服务为基础,帮助客户规划、建设、管理先进的适应性 IT 基础设施、
顾问和集成行业解决方案,支持企业动成长。
作为全球先进的存储产品、技术与方案供应商,HP存储产品部为企业用户提供了业界
最广泛的存储产品线和端到端解决方案,包括全球一流的存储管理方案、外部企业存储系
统、存储网络方案和数据保护方案。HP可以为用户提供包括软件、硬件、存储管理、虚拟
存储及服务实施在内,从入门级到企业级的整体解决方案。无论任何用户都能够从HP得到
最多选择,并为用户提供高效、灵活、适合的存储来管理和使用他们的 IT 资源。在保持在
开放存储系统领域的领先的同时,HP存储产品部通过与服务器、软件、服务以及IT基础设
施方案的完美结合,为客户提供独一无二的价值,帮助用户获得前所未有的信息访问、管
理和数据保护的体验。
公司里程碑:
2006年:HP推出了All-in-One的产品和存储刀片产品,在第二季度,惠普连续 4 个季
度获得全球中端外置磁盘阵列销售份额第一的称号。
2005 年:HP 推出了 EVA4000,EVA6000,EVA8000 磁盘阵列,推出了 EML磁带库
和VLS6000 虚拟磁带库,推出了HP StorageWorks Enterprise File Services Clustered Gateway
和HP StorageWorks Enterprise File Services WAN Accelerator等产品,以及有关 ILM 的一系
列产品。
2004 年:HP 推出了采用蓝色激光技术的UDO 光盘库,推出 XP12000 磁盘阵列系统。
2003 年:HP 发布了动成长企业战略,将更多的功能加入到EVA3000 中,推出了新一
代的扩展磁带库架构以及磁带库新产品。
2002 年:HP 将 ENSA 概念发展到了ENSA extended 理念。
2001年:HP推出了业界第一个虚拟化模块化阵列——VA 与EVA,推出了开放式SAN
的方案、DAS to SAN 的技术、存储效用管理、全球复制网络、通用网络存储等技术。
2000年:HP推出了SAN管理软件,以及存储分配报告、SAN数据迁移、管理小家电、
TaskSmart NAS 等,并继续在光盘库上保持技术更新。
1999 年:HP 推出了基于SAN 的数据复制、异构 SAN、利用 ATM 扩展 SAN,推出了
更强大的光盘库系统 125ex。
1998 年:HP 推出了企业网络存储架构(ENSA)理念,在同一个SAN 环境中安装磁
盘与磁带,推出基于 SAN 的备份与恢复,以及 LAN-free 的 SAN 备份。
1997 年:HP 推出了同构环境的 StorageWorks SAN。
1996 年,HP 推出了业界第一台采用虚拟阵列技术AutoRaid的产品以及第一台动态适
应性阵列系统。
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1994 年:HP 推出了专门针对 Unix 文件系统环境的 LAN 概念光盘库。
1991 年:HP 开发了第一台多功能光盘驱动器。
1990 年:HP 发布了市场上第一台磁盘阵列产品。
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昆腾公司 (Quantum)
昆腾公司(NYSE: QTM)是专注于备份、恢复和归档领域的全球领先的存储厂商。集合
了专业技能、客户导向创新以及独立于操作平台的特点,昆腾公司通过世界级水平的销售
和服务机构提供广泛、集成的磁盘、磁带和软件方案。作为长期可信赖的合作伙伴,昆腾
公司与广泛的分销商、OEM及其他供应商网络密切合作,满足客户不断发展的数据保护需
求。
发展历程:
昆腾公司成立于1980年,是全球领先的存储、恢复与归档解决方案供应商。随着用户
数据保护与保留的挑战日益复杂演变,寻找一位该领域专家就成为成功的关键。凭借公司
资源以及在备份、恢复与归档方面的专注,昆腾公司为用户提供系统OEM厂商和以及存储
供应商等存储厂商所无法企及的专业知识、客户导向创新以及不依赖于平台的解决方案,协
助用户更方便、高效、安全地解决数据保护和保留问题。此外,与那些仅提供点产品(point
product)或技术的新兴公司不同,昆腾公司的全球性规模和业务范围能够支持全球客户群,
提供一整套综合的系统、软件、设备与服务方案。
昆腾业务规模覆盖全球,提供一整套业界认可的方案,实现业务关键数据的安全存储、
管理、保护和恢复。公司屡获殊荣的磁盘、磁带、介质和软件方案带来数据完整性和可用
性,更通过世界级水准的销售和服务网络带来卓越的价值和支持。
公司提供广泛的 StorageCare 服务,涉及安装、产品集成、性能分析、Library SiteCare
以及数据恢复服务和支持选项。包括 StorageCare Guardian、iPlatform 和 iLayer在内的附加
价值服务使昆腾可以通过智能诊断数据智能、主动地监测昆腾系统在Internet上的健康运行,
在问题出现时提供远程设备支持服务。
除了专业服务和方案,昆腾还利用其网站提供多个支持资源,包括“常见问题知识库
(Knowledgebase for Frequently Asked Questions)”栏目、为客户和合作伙伴提供的“在线
培训课程”、“保修信息”、“软件与档案文件下载”,以及“兼容指南”等。
与零售商、OEM和其他合作伙伴结成的战略联盟拓展了昆腾的全球业务与技术研发能
力,这些合作伙伴包括Apple、Dell、EMC、Fujitsu-Siemens、HP、IBM、Microsoft、Sun和
Symantec 等。
通过昆腾合作伙伴联盟项目(Quantum Alliance Partner Program),昆腾为合作伙伴提
供多项资源,协助全球范围内的零售商和分销商增加昆腾基于磁盘备份系统、磁带库、自
动加载机、磁带机和介质产品的销售。昆腾联盟项目赢得了多项业界认可,所获奖项包括
VARBusiness的“五星合作伙伴项目”奖;并在Computer Reseller News渠道冠军调查中三
年蝉联“渠道友好公司”前三强。
昆腾公司全球总部位于美国加州圣何塞,分支机构遍及亚洲、澳大利亚、欧洲和北美,
雇员总数超过3,000名,客户遍及180个国家和地区。昆腾公司在纽约股票交易所上市,上
市代码 DSS。随着 2006 年 8 月收购ADIC,昆腾过去四个财季的联合收入突破12 亿美元。
2006年 8月,昆腾公司宣布并购美国先进数字信息公司(ADIC),从而成为全球最大的
备份、恢复和归档方案独立供应商。合并后的公司致力于开发优于前昆腾或前ADIC所能独
立提供的方案,为用户带来更高价值和更好的全面体验。新昆腾拥有1,000名销售、市场和
服务人员,为各种规模的公司用户提供广泛的专业知识、建议以及相应的支持。
公司里程碑:
2007年昆腾公司最新推出业界首个整合重复数据删除技术的 StorNext 3.0软件。最新
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一代昆腾StorNext方案的推出,使得昆腾公司强化了基础架构,为业务营运增加更多价值。
StorNext 3.0 将高性能和弹性数据共享扩展到 LAN 服务器,集成昆腾专利的重复数据删除
技术,进一步降低数据保持成本。此外,StorNext 3.0在确保系统在线的同时,更扩展了用
户的存储性能,替代存储设备。
2007年昆腾公司推出最新版数据管理软件StorNext FX,实现了Apple® XsanTM环境下
更广泛的数据共享和工作流整合,其中包含 Linux、Windows® 和 UNIX等运行于其他操作
系统的应用软件。此次推出的StorNext FX1.4 版本,使昆腾将客户端支持扩展到 SGI IRIX
6.5.29 和第三版Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Server 4.0。
2007 年昆腾公司在北京钓鱼台国宾馆召开“重复数据,无忧删除”暨昆腾 DXi3500/
DXi5500 新品发布会。在会上,昆腾将隆重推出含有昆腾专利重复数据删除技术的最新基
于磁盘设备 DXi3500/DXi5500。DXi 系列设备适于广泛的 IT 环境,易于安装管理;此外,
昆腾凭借在备份、恢复及归档领域的长期专业经验及丰富的存储产品线,在满足客户基于
磁盘备份需求方面获取独到的优势,这必将为中国用户带来与全球同步的最新产品体验。
2006年昆腾公司完成对美国先进数据信息公司(ADIC 公司)的收购,从而成为专注
于备份、恢复和归档方案的全球领先存储公司。随着此次收购的完成,昆腾将为各种规模
的企业客户提供全面的创新产品和服务,以满足他们目前及日后对于数据保护和存储方面
的需求。此次收购还将扩展昆腾的市场渠道,增加发展机遇并增强财务实力。
2006年昆腾公司荣获两项重要的独立第三方认证。一项是昆腾公司已连续三年获得知
名的 SCP(Support Center Practices)认证。昆腾公司是在 2005 年初收购 Certance 公司之后,
在整合客户支持计划的期间再次获此殊荣。另一项是VeriSign Security认证,昆腾公司凭借
StorageCareTM Guardian 服务解决方案,成为的此认证的首位获得者。这两项认证对于昆腾
一直以来专注于部署最佳支持策略以及安全、创新的服务解决方案,从而提高整体客户体
验行为做出充分肯定。
2006 年昆腾公司与 Advanced Digital Information (ADIC) 公司签署最终协议,以大约
7.7亿美元的价格收购ADIC公司。这两家公司在过去4个季度的销售收入加在一起已经超
过了 12亿美元,它们的联手将为客户提供最全面的和集成的解决方案,以实现安全存储、
管理、保护和恢复客户在开放系统 IT环境中的数据。两家公司的合并将使昆腾公司可以为
终端用户、渠道合作伙伴和OEM 厂商提供更多的创新产品、价值和支持服务。除此以外,
两家公司的合并还增强了昆腾公司的财政形势,拓展了昆腾公司的市场渠道并增加了公司
的成长发展机会。
2006年昆腾公司推出的多款新产品和平台在北美、欧洲和亚太地区荣获多项存储行业
大奖。这些新产品为世界各地正在寻找适合自己备份、恢复和归档需要的解决方案的客户
创造了巨大效益,而这些奖项则是对它们的进一步肯定。获奖产品包括:PX500系列磁带
自动化平台、DLT-V4磁带机和应用于专业视频的SDLT 600A磁带系统。创新的PX 500系
列荣获了SearchStorage.com网站和《存储》杂志评选的 2005年年度备份硬件类产品铜奖;
PX500系列荣获《中国计算机报》2005 年度编辑选择奖和《每周电脑报》2005年年度明星
产品;SDLT 600A数据磁带系统被专业电影杂志Millimeter授予2005年先锋时尚奖;DLT-
V4 磁带机荣获 PC Pro杂志的推荐大奖。
2006年昆腾公司推出DLT-S4——第一款专为满足新型分级存储架构以及用户不断增
长的数据存储需求而设计的磁带机。DLT-S4为新的“分级存储磁带”类别建立了基准。DLT-
S4拥有昆腾屡获殊荣的 DLTSageTM智能数据保护工具套件。DLTSage Tape Security 磁带
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安全工具防止针对磁带和数据的未授权访问,在磁带丢失或被盗窃的情况下尤显重要。
2006年昆腾公司全球范围内推出最新的拥有重复数据删除和复制技术的基于磁盘备份
设备。
2006 年昆腾产品获得国内一系列奖项认可,包括:
1.StorNext 获得计算机世界年度产品奖
2. 昆腾品牌 获得存储在线最佳磁带库品牌奖
3.DLT-V4 磁带机 获得中国计算机报编辑选择奖
2005 年昆腾公司宣布收购Cerntance,开始出售 LTO 磁带机。
2003 年昆腾公司DLT 磁带介质销售突破 1 亿台。
2002 年昆腾公司推出第一款基于磁盘的虚拟磁带库产品。
2002 年昆腾公司宣布收购Benchmark Storage Innovations。
2002年昆腾公司宣布任命Rick Belluzzo为公司CEO,将公司重新定位为专注于备份、
恢复与归档的公司。
2001 昆腾公司宣布将磁带机业务出售给Maxtor 公司。
2000 昆腾公司连续2 年获得财富杂评出的“全美最适于工作的公司”。
1998 昆腾公司收购ATL 产品。
1994 昆腾公司收购Ditigal 的存储业务部门(包括 DLT 技术)。
1992 昆腾公司首次入选财富500 强(363 名)。
1990 昆腾公司磁带机出货量突破100 万台。
1980 昆腾公司宣布成立,作为OEM,主要生产 8 英寸硬盘磁带机。
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华为技术有限公司
华为技术(“华为”)是全球领先的下一代电信网络解决方案供应商,致力于向客户提
供创新的满足其需求的产品、服务和解决方案,为客户创造长期的价值和潜在的增长。
华为产品和解决方案涵盖移动(HSDPA/WCDMA/EDGE/GPRS/GSM, CDMA2000
1xEV-DO/CDMA2000 1X, TD-SCDMA和WiMAX)、核心网(IMS, Mobile Softswitch, NGN)
网络(FTTx, xDSL, 光网络 , 路由器和LAN Switch)、电信增值业务(IN, mobile data service,
BOSS)和终端(UMTS/CDMA)等领域。
华为在印度、美国、瑞典、俄罗斯以及中国的北京、上海和南京等地设立了多个研究
所,61000多名员工中的48%从事研发工作。截至2006年底,华为已累计申请专利超过19000
件,连续数年成为中国申请专利最多的单位。
华为在全球建立了 100 多个分支机构,营销及服务网络遍及全球,能够为客户提供快
速、优质的服务。目前,华为的产品和解决方案已经应用于全球100多个国家,以及 31个
全球前 50强的运营商,服务全球超过 10 亿用户。
华为从2002年开始投入存储领域的技术研究,到2004年推出产品。目前已经有完整的
产品系列,涵盖 DAS/NAS/SAN/IP-SAN等各个领域。
华为存储产品线致力于提供贴近客户业务,降低运维成本,可增加投资回报的高价值
业务与解决方案。
结合华为在数据网、企业语音、服务器、存储和安全等领域的优势,为客户提供融合
&安全的数据基础架构解决方案。华为每年投入销售收入的 10%用于研发,通过在存储领
域的持续投入保障客户投资价值。拥有国内顶尖的技术专家,现有研发人员300 人,每年
新增专利30余项。结合长期电信设备研发经验,为客户提供电信级的产品可靠性。通过严
格的 IPD和 CMM 体系,为客户提供高品质的产品。
华为存储产品线顺应CT与 IT技术融合的趋势,配合运营商从CT向 IT的转型,提供
电信级可运营的系列化产品与解决方案。
发挥华为在 IP领域的优势, 积极推动 IP与FC技术的融合,为客户提供开放的、可灵
活部署的存储解决方案。
通过融合FLASH存储、虚拟化等新技术,为客户提供具有高可靠型、高性能、可增值
的运营解决方案。致力于发展与代理商的合作伙伴关系,达到共同成长的目的。
公司里程碑: 2006年 5月 8日,华为推出了新企业标识。新标识体现了华为聚焦、创新、稳健、和
谐的核心价值观。
2006年香港 ITU 展上,华为推出了基于 All IP 网络的 FMC解决方案。
2006年华为移动软交换用户数突破一亿。作为全球移动软交换市场的领导者,华为移
动软交换出货量居全球第一。
2006年沃达丰选择华为承建其西班牙 WCDMA/HSDPA 无线接入网络。
2006年摩托罗拉和华为UMTS联合研发中心在沪成立。该合作旨在为全球客户提供功
能更强大、全面的 UMTS产品解决方案和高速分组接入方案(HSPA)。
2006年 eMobile 选择华为为其部署日本第一个基于 IP的 HSDPA无线接入网络。
2006年华为与 3COM 完成针对 H3C的竞购。
2006年美国移动运营商Leap选择华为建设3G网络,该CDMA 3G网络将覆盖美国加
利福尼亚州、爱达荷州、内华达州等重要地区。
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2005年华为与沃达丰签署全球采购框架协议,正式成为沃达丰全球供应链的优选通信
设备供应商。
2005年华为与Telefónica 签署战略合作协议 ,Telefónica选择华为作为其在3G和宽
带领域进行业务创新的战略性合作伙伴,同时双方还将携手拓展拉美地区市场。
2005年华为第三次登上 Frost & Sullivan 亚太区技术大奖的领奖台,获得2005 年亚太
区“年度无线设备供应商”、“年度 NGN 设备供应商”和“年度光网络供应商”三项大奖。
2005年华为大学正式注册成立,面向客户、公司管理层及员工展开全面系统的技术、
管理、文化等培训。
2005 年赢得了为泰国CAT 建设全国性 CDMA2000 的 3G 网络,价值 1.87亿美元。
2005年成为英国电信(简称BT)首选的21CN网络供应商,为BT21CN网络提供多业
务网络接入(MSAN)部件和传输设备。
2005 年获得了在中国生产和销售手机的许可。
2004 年与西门子成立合资企业,针对中国市场开发TD-SCDMA 移动通信技术。
2004年华为赢得中国电信的国家骨干网优化合同。此项目的目标是优化中国电信在广
东省的163个骨干网络。根据合同,华为的高端路由器NE5000获得了TSR采购合同100%
的市场份额,成功地进入了国家骨干网的两个超级节点。同时,华为的Gbit交换路由器NE80
赢得了该项目75%的市场份额。华为与中国电信签署合同,建造1,200多万个ADSL线路,
进一步巩固了华为作为中国电信最大战略伙伴的地位。
2004年获得由 Frost & Sullivan 颁发的“亚太区 2004 年度最有前途企业”和“亚太区
2004年度宽带设备供应商”两个奖项。Frost & Sullivan 是一家全球市场研究机构,提供有
关新兴高科技和产业市场的信息和情报。
2004年获得从29家银行共同提供为期三年的3亿6千万美元的贷款,用于实施公司的
全球发展规划。
2004 年华为赢得为荷兰运营商Telfort 提供 UMTS网络设备的合同。
2003 年 Cisco Systems 指控华为侵犯部分 Cisco技术专利;但是,Cisco最终撤回了诉
状,双方解决了所有的专利纠纷,并承认华为没有侵权行为。
2003 年在世界各地部署了 1 亿个 C&C08端口,创造了行业记录。
2003 年与 3Com 成立合资企业,生产企业数据网络设备。
2003 年通过了 DNV (DET NORSKE VERITAS)的 ISO 14001 认证。
2003 年在 12 月为阿联酋电信公司 (Etisalat)提供了一项覆盖全国范围的 UMTS 服务,
强化了Etisalat技术领导者的地位,同时帮助其成为中东和阿拉伯世界中第一个引进第三代
网络的运营商。
2002年尽管2001年到2002年间,全球电信基础设施的投资下降了50%,华为 的国际
销售额还是增长了 68%,从 2001 年的 3.28亿美元上升到 2002 年的 5.52亿美元。
2002 年华为通过了UL 的 TL9000 质量管理系统认证。
2002 年为中国移动部署世界上第一个移动模式WLAN。
2001 年10 Gbps SDH 系统开始在德国的柏林进行商用。
2001 年根据RHK 的统计,华为的光纤系列产品稳居亚太地区市场份额的第 1名。
2001 年将华为的一个分公司Avansys 以 7 亿 5 千万美元出售给Emerson。
2001 年成为国际电信联盟的成员。
2000 年合同销售额超过26.5 亿美元,其中海外销售额超过1 亿美元。
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2000年在美国硅谷和达拉斯设立研发中心。
1999年成为中国移动全国 CAMEL Phase II 智能网的主要供应商,该网络是当时世界
上最大和最先进的智能网络。
1999 年成立班加罗尔研发中心,并于 2001 年通过了 CMM4 级认证,在 2003 年通过
CMM5 级认证。
1998年产品数字微蜂窝服务器控制交换机获得了专利。
1998年成立南京研发中心,并于 2003 年 6 月通过了CMM4 级认证。
1997年推出 GSM 设备。
1997年与Texas Instruments、Motorola、IBM、Intel、Agere Systems、Sun Microsystems、
Altera、Qualcomm、Infineon 和 Microsoft,成立了联合研发实验室。截至2005 年 6月,华
为共有 10所联合研发实验室。
1997 年从 1997 年起,IBM, Towers Perrin, The Hay Group, PricewaterhouseCoppers
(PWC)和 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (FhG) 成为华为在流程变革、员工股权计划、人力资源
管理、财务管理和质量控制方面的顾问。与这些主要的跨国咨询公司的合作,使华为可以
随时了解行业的最新动态。
1996年推出综合业务接入网和光网络 SDH 设备。
1996年与香港和记黄埔签订合同,为其提供固定网络解决方案。
1996年成立上海研发中心,并于 2004 年通过了 CMM5 级认证。
1995 年成立知识产权部。成立北京研发中心,并于 2003 年通过了 CMM4 级认证。
1994 年推出 C&C08 数字程控交换机。
1989年自主开发 PBX。
1988 年创立于中国深圳。
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