二零零七年冬季刊 Winter 2007

華人社區健康資源中心Chinese Community Health Resource Center835 Jackson Street, 4th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94133 Tel: 415.677.2473 www.cchrchealth.org

Health Newsletter

清 潔 劑S O A P

不知您是否觸摸過嬰兒的肌膚，它是如此的光

滑和柔軟。您也希望一直擁有這樣的肌膚嗎？隨著年齡

的增長，皮膚會失去大量的皮下脂肪，皮膚變薄、乾燥

和缺乏彈性，同時導致皮膚鬆弛和皺紋的出現。由於皮

膚在人的一生當中會不斷的變化，欲永保青春健康的肌

膚，每天必須進行適當的肌膚護理。

皮膚的結構 作為人體最大的器官，皮膚可分為3層。其外層

可防止異物進入人體，同時含有製造肌膚黑色素的細

胞。皮膚的中層由膠原蛋白和彈性蛋白（具有構造和

支撐功能）組成，同時含有汗腺、脂腺、毛囊、血管

和神經。皮膚的底層主要由脂肪構成，有助於保護人

體免受寒冷和熱浪的入侵。除了抵抗有害物質 (例如

細菌和紫外線) 的侵害之外，皮膚還具有調節體溫、

感知傷痛和舒適的功能。

Have you ever touched a baby’s skin and felt how smooth and soft it is? Do you often wish that your skin would feel that way all the time? As a person ages, the skin loses much of the underlying fat, becomes thinner, drier, and less elastic, causing it to sag and wrinkle. Because the skin changes throughout a person’s lifetime, keeping it looking young and healthy requires good skin care each day.

Structure of the Skin The skin is the largest organ of the body and is made up of 3 layers. The outer layer prevents foreign substances from entering the body and contains cells that produce the dark-colored pigment of the skin. The middle layer is made up of collagen and elastin (proteins that give structure and support), and contains sweat glands, oil glands, hair follicles, blood vessels and nerves. The bottom layer is mainly fat which helps to protect the body from cold and heat. In addition to shielding the body from harmful substances such as bacteria and the sun’s harmful rays, the skin also regulates body temperature, and senses pain and pleasure.

愛護您的肌膚 Care of Your Skin

皮膚基本護理

1. 防止過度日曬

太陽紫外線會導致肌膚的過早老化，同時增加皮膚

癌的發病率。皮膚白皙的人士更容易曬傷和受太陽

光線的影響。18歲前，過度的日曬會給皮膚帶來莫

大的傷害。因而，請給您的孩子做好充足的防曬措

施。請記住，鼻子、耳朵、面頰和肩膀等部位非常

容易曬傷；有些藥物治療會增加肌膚對太陽光的敏

感性。如需在強烈日光下停留較長的時間，請事先

徵求醫生的意見。

如何保護您的肌膚：

- 太陽光最強烈的時候(上午十時至下午四時)，應

儘量避免室外活動。

- 外出30分鐘前，應擦足夠的防曬霜，並且每2小時

補擦一次，特別是游泳、大量出汗之後。即使是

多雲或多霧天氣，也需塗抹防曬霜。請記住，紫

外線可透過水面、沙子、冰塊、雪地和水泥進行

反射。

- 請選擇防曬指數 (SPF) 為15或更高的、同時可阻

擋UVA和UVB（紫外線）的防曬產品。在游泳、流

汗期間，具有防水功能的防曬霜可提供更長時間

的功效。

- 佩戴太陽眼鏡有助於保護眼睛以及眼睛周圍的脆

嫩肌膚。

- 穿戴長袖的襯衫、長褲和寬邊帽子。

- 避免室內照紫外線燈。

如何減緩暴曬後出現的疼痛和不適：

- 涼水淋浴或浴缸浴。

- 擦蘆薈護膚液、潤膚霜、或1%氫化可的松膏(1% hydrocortisone cream)。

2. 戒煙

吸煙會降低肌膚的血液流動，加快自然老化的過程，

同時導致皺紋的出現。

3. 經常溫和地清潔肌膚

- 用溫水（非熱水）淋浴或泡浴，時間不得太長，

以便減少肌膚天然油脂的損失。

Basic Skin Care

1. Limit sun exposureUltraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can lead to premature aging of the skin and increase the risk of skin cancer. Fair-skinned people are more prone to sunburn and the effects of the sun’s rays. Years of sun exposure before the age of 18 are most damaging to the skin, so make sure that your children are well protected. Keep in mind that areas such as the nose, ears, cheeks and shoulders burn more easily. Certain medications may cause a person’s skin to be more sensitive to the sun. Talk to your doctor first before spending too much time under the sun. To protect your skin:• Stay out of the sun during the hours when the sunlight is

most intense (10 am to 4 pm). • Apply lots of sunscreen 30 minutes before going outdoors

and reapply every 2 hours, especially after heavy sweating and swimming. Use sunscreen even on cloudy or foggy days. Keep in mind that UV rays reflect off water, sand, ice, snow and concrete.

• Choose a sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher and one that blocks both UVA and UVB rays. Waterproof or water-resistant sunscreen provides longer protection even when swimming or sweating.

• Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes as well as the delicate skin around them.

• Wear long sleeved shirts, long pants and wide-brimmed hats to shade your body.

• Avoid tanning booths or salons.To reduce pain and discomfort from sunburn:• Take a cool shower or bath. • Apply aloe vera lotion, moisturizing cream, or 1%

hydrocortisone cream to the skin.

2. Avoid smokingSmoking decreases blood flow to the skin, speeds up the normal aging process and contributes to wrinkles.

3. Clean your skin regularly but gently• Use warm (not hot) water and take shorter shower/bath to

reduce the loss of natural oils from your skin.• Use a mild soap or cleanser. Avoid deodorant, antibacterial,

or perfumed soaps, which can dry and irritate your skin.Moisture

- 應使用溫和的香皂或清潔劑。避免使用除臭、抗

菌或芳香肥皂，因為它們可能會刺激皮膚或導致

肌膚的乾燥。

- 應使用棉質毛巾或柔軟的洗浴海綿。切勿用力地

擦洗，否則會刺激皮膚。

- 睡覺前應卸妝。

4. 充分的潤膚

潔膚或剃鬚後，立即用不含香精的潤膚產品滋潤肌膚。

如果您的皮膚非常乾燥，可採用潤滑霜或油劑，代替潤

膚液。

5. 每月一次檢查您的肌膚

請檢查您的身體（前後）及臉部，尋找皮膚癌的跡象。

如果您發現如下可疑情況，應立即看醫生：

- 出現新的或不尋常的腫塊；

- 黑痣的顏色、大小或形狀發生變化

- 傷口長期不愈合

皮膚小問題和自我護理竅門

1. 乾燥、痕癢的肌膚

原因：

- 溫度過高或過低，同時濕度較低；

- 長時間地在有空調（冷暖氣）或中央暖氣的室內；

- 經常的淋浴、泡浴或游泳；

- 經常地接觸到強力鹼性肥皂、清潔劑或其他化學

物品。

自我護理竅門：

- 飲足夠的水，保持身體水分充足。

- 使用增濕器。

- 沐浴的時間應限制在15分鐘內並使用冷水。

- 洗碟子或使用清潔劑的時候，應佩戴手套。

- 應使用溫和的、不含染料或香精的肥皂和洗衣劑。

- 應經常塗擦潤膚霜或護膚液，特別是洗手、沐浴

或剃鬚之後。

- 應避免穿戴用羊毛或人造纖維製作的衣服。

- 避免容易刺激肌膚的香水、化妝品或首飾。

- 使用含有1%氫化可的松膏 (1% hydrocortisone cream) 或服用一片抗過敏藥 (anti-histamine)，有助於緩解嚴重的瘙癢症。切勿抓撓！持續的抓撓會使瘙癢

症惡化，還可能會抓破皮膚及導致皮膚感染。

2. 暗瘡和毛孔堵塞

原因：

- 過度的油脂分泌和死皮細胞的脫落會導致毛囊的

堵塞；

- 身體荷爾蒙分泌的變化

• Use a cotton washcloth or soft sponge. Don’t scrub too hard as the skin can become irritated.

• Remove makeup before going to bed.

4. Moisturize generouslyApply a fragrance-free moisturizer right after washing or shaving to seal in moisture. Choose cream or oil instead of lotion if you have very dry skin.

5. Examine your skin monthlyCheck your face and body (front and back) to look for warning signs of skin cancer. Contact your doctor right away if you find anything suspicious:• New or unusual growths • Changes in the color, size, shape of an existing mole• A sore that does not heal

Minor Skin Problems and Self-Care Tips

1. Dry, Itchy SkinCauses:• Very high or low temperatures with low humidity.• Prolonged exposure to air-conditioning or central heating.• Frequent showering, bathing or swimming.• Frequent contact with strong soaps, detergents, or other

chemicals.

Self-care tips:• Drink enough water to keep your body well hydrated.• Use a humidifier.• Limit bath time to less than 15 minutes and use cool water.• Wear gloves when doing the dishes or using any

cleaning agents.• Use mild soaps and laundry detergents free of dyes or

perfumes.• Apply moisturizing cream or lotion frequently especially

after hand washing, bathing, or shaving.• Avoid wearing clothing made of wool or synthetic materials.• Avoid perfumes, cosmetics, or jewelry that can irritate

the skin.• Use an over-the-counter cream containing 1%

hydrocortisone or take an anti-histamine pill to help relieve severe itching. Don’t scratch! Persistent scratching worsens the itch and can cause the skin to break and become infected.

2. Pimples and Clogged PoresCauses:• Excess production of oil and shedding of dead skin cells

causing hair follicles to become plugged.• Hormonal changes in the body

PRSRT STDU.S. POSTAGE

PAIDSAN FRANCISCO, CA

PERMIT NO. 11882

445 Grant Ave., Suite 700, San Francisco, CA 94108

Sponsored By Chinese Community Health Care Association, Chinese Community Health Plan, And Chinese Hospital 2007 Chinese Community Health Resource Center 華美醫師協會，華人保健計劃暨東華醫院聯合贊助

自我護理竅門：

- 用溫水和溫和的清潔劑洗臉，每天兩次。切勿用

力擦洗。

- 使用去暗瘡乳液，以減少油脂分泌和抑制細菌繁

殖。

- 保持頭髮乾淨並不讓頭髮遮蓋臉部。

- 選擇不會堵塞毛孔的護膚品或化妝品。

- 切勿擠壓或擠破暗瘡！否則會導致皮膚感染或疤

痕的出現。

雖然我們無法阻擋皮膚自然老化的過程，然而，

我們仍可以通過某些方法改善和維持皮膚的健康狀況。

如果您關注自己的皮膚狀況或者您患有皮膚的問題，請

諮詢您的醫生或皮膚專科醫生。如想了解更多有關健康

的資訊，使您青春常駐，請參閱華人社區健康資源中心

的雙語網站：www.cchrchealth.org.

Self-care tips:• Wash your face with a gentle cleanser and warm water

twice a day. Avoid scrubbing. • Try an over-the-counter acne lotion to reduce oil production

and bacterial growth.• Keep your hair clean and away from your face.• Choose skin care products or cosmetics that do not

clog pores.• Don’t squeeze or pop pimples! This can lead to infection or

scarring.

Nothing can stop the natural aging process of the skin. However, there are ways to improve and maintain the health and appearance of your skin. If you are concerned about the condition of your skin or have a skin problem, talk to your doctor or a dermatologist (skin specialist). To learn more about healthy habits that can help you look and feel good, visit the CCHRC bilingual health website at www.cchrchealth.org.

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