part2 考点 12
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Part2 考点 12. Part2 语法专题. 考点 12 倒装句. 对倒装句的考查在高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。 1. 主要考查的知识点: (1) 使用全部倒装的情况 (2) 使用部分倒装的情况 复习重点:引起倒装的词或短语 2. 如何应对倒装的考查 解题时,首先认真分析题干句的句子,若句首含有引起倒装的词或短语,再结合主语的情况判断是否要倒装,同时比较 4 个选项,从时态、语态等方面进行判断,确定该选用哪一个。. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Part2 考点 12
Part2 语法专题考点 12 倒装句
对倒装句的考查在高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。
1. 主要考查的知识点: (1) 使用全部倒装的情况 (2) 使用部分倒装的情况 复习重点:引起倒装的词或短语 2. 如何应对倒装的考查 解题时,首先认真分析题干句的句子,若句首含有引起倒装的词或短语,再结合主语的情况判断是否要倒装,同时比较 4 个选项,从时态、语态等方面进行判断,确定该选用哪一个。
(2009· 全国卷Ⅰ )The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ______ , but students became more interested in the lessons.
A.saved was teachers' energy B.was teachers' energy saved
C.teachers' energy was saved D.was saved teachers' energy
思路点拨:分析题干句, not only 位于句首时要引起倒装,可知空格处的句子结构为部分倒装结构,在此句中,部分倒装应把 be 动词提到主语前,故选 B 。
倒装有两种形式:一是表语、状语
置于句首,而主语置于句末,进行完全倒装;
二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语的前
面,进行部分倒装。
熟 读 深 思1 .完全倒装构成:将谓语动词直接提到主语前。(1) Here comes the bus. (2) In she came.(3) South of the river lies a small factory.(4) Such are the facts. (5)There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mou
ntain.(6)Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other
guests. (7)Gone are the days when we used the “foreign oil” .
归 纳 总 结
规则 1 :表 方位的副词 here, there, out, in, up, d
own, away, off 等放在句首,而主语是名词时,句
子则完全倒装,如: (1) 。但是,当主语是 人
称代词 时,主谓语序不变,如: (2) 。
规则 2 :地点状语 位于句首时,为了避免头重脚
轻,常将谓语置于主语之前,进行完全倒装,如:
(3) 。
归 纳 总 结
规则 3 :为了使上下文联系紧密,常将 such, the foll
owing 放于句首,而句子的谓语动词置于主语 之前 ,进行完全倒装,如: (4) 。
规则 4 : there be 句型中,用完全倒装。此时,结构中的 be 可用 lie/exist / stand / live / seem 等动词替代,如: (5) 。
规则 5 :有时为了突出或强调主语,可用“表语+系动词+主语”的完全倒装结构,如: (6) 、 (7) 。
熟 读 深 思
2. 部分倒装 构成:将情态动词、助动词、 be 提到主语前。 (1) By no means can he catch up in such a short time. (2) He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay i
ndoors. (3) Not only children but also adults are interested in the
film Harry Potter. ( 连接并列主语,不可倒装 )(4) Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took o
ff. (5) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villager
s realize how serious the pollution was.
熟 读 深 思(6) Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ti
cket. = I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket.
(7) Only in this way can you learn English well. (8) Only that boy can work out the problem.(9) Were I there, they would listen to me. (10) Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to wor
k out all these difficult problems. (11) No matter how late it is, she often waits for him. (12) How blue the sky looks!(13) What a clever boy he is!
规则 1 :含有 否定意义 的副词或短语,如: few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely…when… , no sooner…(than)… , not only…(but also), at no time, by no means等,放在句首时,句子须部分倒装,如: (1) 。
【特别提醒】①若原句中没有助动词,必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词 do, does 或 did ,如:(2) 。②not only…but also 连接两个 并列主语 时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将 not only 所连接的句子提到句首时,才可用倒装, but also 后面的句子不倒装,如: (3) 。
归 纳 总 结
③在“ hardly/scarcely…when 从句”和 “ no sooner…than 从句”结构中,主句用 过去完成时 ,而从句用一般过去时,如: (4) 。④not until 提前时,必须同时将 until 后面的全部内容提前,如: (5) 。⑤neither…nor 句型中 两个句子 都需要部分倒装。如: (6) 。
规则 2 : so/as/neither/nor 位于 句首 ,连接两种相同的情况时,所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。
规则 3 :“ only + 副词 / 介词短语 / 状语从句 ” 放在句首时,句子须用部分倒装,如: (7) 。
归 纳 总 结
【特别提醒】 only 修饰 主语 时,不倒装,如: (8) 。规则 4 :在虚拟语气条件句中,从句谓语有助动词
were, had, should 时,可将 if 省略,而把 were, had, should 移到句首,如: (9) 。
【特别提醒】① 若从句是否定句,则必须将 not 放在 主语 后。②had 必须是助动词。规则 5 :在 “ so…that” 和 “ such…that” 结构中,将“ so + adj.” 和“ such + n.” 提到句首时,句子须用部分倒装,如: (10) 。
归 纳 总 结
【注意】 句子的一部分成分 ( 通常是表语或状语 ) 提前,但主谓语序不变。
1. as 连接让步状语从句所引起的倒装详见考点 10让步状语从句。
2. 否定词 no matter 连接的让步状语从句的句式“No matter how / wh + … +主语+ 谓语”,如:
(11) 。3. how 和 what 引起的感叹句(1) How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语,如: (12) 。(2) What +形容词+名词+主语+谓语,如: (13) 。
归 纳 总 结