rahul sab - copy - copy

7/25/2019 Rahul Sab - Copy - Copy

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Fa=4

activity

Story writing

Submitted by: submitted

to:

Siddhart baghel preety dixit

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Acknoledgement

I am Thankful to my Guide Mrs. Neelu Sharma for

her guidance during my studies. I express my deep

gratitude for her teachers, directions and help various

ways

I am heartily thankful to the principal of our school

r.!a"esh #handel for his encouragement $lessing for

providing such type of facilities.

Since this pro"ect also includes of e%uipment we are

again grateful to our honora$le to &rincipal Sir for

allowing us to go la$oratory and to perform practices

' experiment.

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Name ( !ahul Sa$nani

#lass ( )*th science

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!oll no. ( *+

Certifcate

It is to certify that !ahul Sa$nani of II science

of Gyan Ganga International School had

completed pro"ect work in chemistry for the-ISS# certificate as prescri$ed $y #/S in

session *0)1()2 under the guidance of Mrs.Neelu

Sharma.

ate3(

Teacher Sign3 ( xternal xecutive Sign3(

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BiodataName3 ( !ahul Sa$nani

4athers name3 ( Mr.5amal 5umar Sa$nani

#lass3 ( II 6science7

Su$"ect3 ( #hemistry

School3 ( Gyan Ganga International school

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AimTo study the relationship $etween solu$ilityproduct of a salt and its molecular mass.

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Apparatus required6)7 /eaker

6*7 4unnel

617 4ilter paper

627 #hina dish

687 9eight $ox

6+7 Glass rod

6:7 Measuring cylinder

Chemicals Required6)7 Na#l

6*7 #uS;2

617 5*#r*;:

627 istilled water

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IntroductionIf a lump of sodium chloride 6ta$le salt7 is dropped into$eaker containing water, it disappears gradually. Sodium

chloride dissolves in water $ut we cannot see the dissolved

salt. 9e can show its presence in the solution $y chemical

tests. The molecules of salt get mixed up with the molecules

of water forming homogenous mixture i.e., solution. Thesame degree of saltiness is found in all part of the mixture.

More salt added will also dissolves. If the process adding salt

with constant stirring is continued, a limit is reached where

no more salt will dissolve. Some of it will remain

undissolved. The solution so formed is called a saturated

solution i.e., a solution in which more of solute cannot $edissolved at a given temperature. Solu$ility is defined as the

amount of su$stance dissolved in )00gm of the solvent so as

to give a saturated solution at a particular temperature. It

depends upon the following factors3(

6)7 Nature of solute

6*7 Nature of solvent

617 temperature

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Some su$stance dissolves readily in water while some others

are almost insolu$le. Su$stances which are insolu$le in

water dissolve in some other solvents. Thus, different

su$stance differs greatly in their solu$ility $ehaviors.

6a7 Solu$ility of a salt depends on its molecular mass.

6$7 Solu$ility product is inversely proportional to

molecular mass of the solute.

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TheorSolu$ility3(Solu$ility is the property of a solid, li%uid,

or gaseouschemical

su$stancecalled soluteto dissolvein a solid, li%uid, or

gaseous solventto form a homogeneous solutionof thesolute in the solvent. The solu$ility of a su$stance

fundamentally depends on the physical and chemical

properties of the solute and solvent as well as on

temperature, pressure and the p< of the solution. The

extent of the solu$ility of a su$stance in a specific

solvent is measured as the saturationconcentration,

where adding more solute does not increase the

concentration of the solution and $egin to precipitate

the excess amount of solute.

!rocedure1"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolution_(chemistry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturation_(chemistry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolution_(chemistry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturation_(chemistry)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid


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6a7 &reparing a saturated solution6i7 =sing a measuring cylinder take *0(10 cm1of distilled water in a

clean $eaker. To this, add a small amount of powdered sodium

chloride and stir it vigorously and thoroughly with a clean glass

rod. -fter this portion of salt dissolves completely, add some more

salt and stir the solution thoroughly. #ontinue adding the

powdered salt in small amounts with constant stirring till a small

amount remains in $eaker and does not dissolve further. Stirring

of the solution with the last portion of the inorganic salt is usually

carried out for 8()0 minutes.

6ii7 9eigh a clean and dry china dish. >et its mass $e w gm

6$7 Separation of solution from the undissolved salt6iii7 4ilter the solution using a funnel with a filter paper cone andcollect the filtrate in a already weighed china dish. 9eigh the

china dish along with the filtrate let its mass $e w) gm.

6iv7 Note down the temperature of the solution with a thermometer.

6v7 Next heat the china dish containing the filtrate on a sun$ath. Take

care that the solution does not spurt out. 9ater evaporates and

the volume of the solution goes on decreasing. 9hen it is a$out 2(8

cm1use low flame. #ontinue slow heating till there is no moisture

left $ehind.6vi7 #ool the china dish and weigh it with dry salt.

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617 Temperature of solution ? *8o #

627 Mass of china dish @ dry salt ? w* g *).0gm

#uS;2 (

6)7 Mass of empty china dish ? wg ):gm

6*7 Mass of empty china dish @ solution ? w)g *).0gm


627 Mass of china dish @ dry salt ? w*g )A.8gm

5*#r*;: (

6)7 Mass of empty china dish ? wg ):gm

6*7 Mass of empty china dish @ solution ? w)g *1.8gm


627 Mass of china dish @ dry salt ? w*g )Agm

#$%er&ation

Ta$le12


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Su$stance

Molar

mass6g7

Solu$ility,

)00gwater

g

per

Solu$ilit

yproduct,

moleBlitre

) Sodium

chloride

8A.8 12.:A 8.C2

* #opper

sulphate

)8C.8 +0.00 1.:+

1 &otassium

di chromate

*C2 8:.)2 ).C2

Calculation%Na#l (

Mass of dry salt ? w*Dw gm ? 2.0g

Mass of water evaporated ? w)D w*gm ? )).8g

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Solu$ility ? 6w*D w B w)D w*7 E )00

? 12.:Ag per )00g water

Solu$ility product ? solu$ility E )0 B Mol. mass ? 8.C2 molBliter

#uS;2 (

Mass of dry salt ? w*Dw gm ? ).8g

Mass of water evaporated ? w)D w*gm ? *.8g


? +0g per )00g water

Solu$ility product ? solu$ility E )0 B Mol. mass ? 1.:+ molBliter

5*#r*;:D

Mass of dry salt ? w*Dw gm ? *.0g

Mass of water evaporated ? w)D w* gm ? 1.8g


? 8:.)2g per )00g water

Solu$ility product ? solu$ility E )0 B Mol. mass ? ).C2 molBliter

'e%ultNa#l D

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Solu$ility product ? 8.C2 molBliter

#uS;2D

Solu$ility product ? 1.:+ molBliter

5*#r*;:D

Solu$ility product ? ).C2 molBliter

Bi$liogra(h). www.my pro"ect.com

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! "ogether #ith $%ab

&anual Chemistry'! #i(ipedia4! )C*R"

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