1

Matsuzawa& Okada Lab.Matsuzawa& Okada Lab.

Indoor and Outdoor Millimeter Wave Systems

and RF/BB SoCs

Akira Matsuzawa and Kenich Okada

Tokyo Institute of TechnologyO-Okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan

RMO1C-1

2Outline

• Tokyo Tech mm-wave project

• 60GHz indoor mm-wave system

• 38GHz outdoor mm-wave system

• Summary

3Mm-wave project

Multi layer FR4

RF SoC65nCMOS

BB MODEM SoC40nCMOS

2. 38GHz, Outdoor 0.6-1.0Gbps1km – 4km

1. 60GHz, Indoor3-10 Gbps-- 10m

Developing mm-wave systems and SoCsto address the future wireless big bang.

FY2007-FY2011

4Project members and roles

Phase noise reduction by DSP (Suzuki lab. Tokyo Tech )

GaN HPA(NEC)

High Gain Arrays(Ando Hirokawa lab.)

Propagation Test （Willcom）

Antennas on PCB / Chip(Ando Hirokawa lab)

Packaging, MMIC, RF-module(AMSYS)

Mm-wave CMOS Rx/Tx chip and base band ADC/DAC. (Matsuzawa & Okada lab. )

Indoor wireless access system(Sony)

Outdoor entrance systems(JRC)

The leader is Prof. M. Ando

Three labs. in Tokyo Tech. and five companies

5

60GHz indoor mm-wave system

6Indoor system: Usage model

Kiosk download Peer-to-peer

Giga bit ultra-fast data transfer systemsLow power and small size are important

7System block diagram

RF Front-end IC (65nm CMOS) Baseband IC (40nm CMOS)

Digital Base Band60GHz ILO

20GHz PLL 3456MHz PLL

PLL PLL

LPF ADC

VGA ADC

Buff

BuffLNA

VGA

DAC

LPF

DAC

DAC

DACDAC

LPF DAC

DACPA

LPF

DAC

36MHz TCXO

DAC

8bDAC

DAC

Reg. bank addr/data

chch

8b 8b

8b

8b+6b 8b+3b

By Sony

Matsuzawa and Okada lab. developing

8Equipment image

Gain: 5.6 dBi

Two chips solution on one PCB with antenna

Low cost system

960GHz CMOS transceiver chip

Two 60GHz QILOswith 20GHz PLL

A direct conversion method is employedto reduce power and complexity.

10

LNA

I MIXER

Q MIXER

Q. OSC.

PA

LO BUFFER

Q MIXER

I MIXER

LO BUFFER

LO BUFFER

LO BUFFER

QUADRATUREOSCILLATOR

Die Photo

4.2mm

65nm CMOSRx:3.8mm2

Tx:3.5mm2

PLL:1.2mm2

20GHz PLL

Buf.

VCO4.2m

m

11Communication test setup

I/Q output (Rx)

I/Q input (Tx)

DC supply

DC supply

60GHz Rx2dBi antenna

20GHz PLL60GHz Tx2dBi antenna

Low gain antenna in package is used for the test

12Basic performanceLow power, low phase noise, and low NF

186mWPDC

8.8% (only for PA)

PAE10.9dBmPSAT

9.5dBmP1dB

18.3dBCGTx

186mWPDC

8.8% (only for PA)

PAE10.9dBmPSAT

9.5dBmP1dB

18.3dBCGTx

106mWPDC

-5dBm (only for LNA)IIP3<6.8dB (high-gain mode)NF

17.3dB (high-gain mode)4.7dB (low-gain mode)

CGRx

106mWPDC

-5dBm (only for LNA)IIP3<6.8dB (high-gain mode)NF

17.3dB (high-gain mode)4.7dB (low-gain mode)

CGRx

-2dBmPout

66mWPDC

<-58dBcRef. spur

-94.2dBc/Hz@1MHz-offset

Phase Noise through Tx @60.48GHz

17.9-21.2GHzFrequencyPLL

-2dBmPout

66mWPDC

<-58dBcRef. spur

-94.2dBc/Hz@1MHz-offset

Phase Noise through Tx @60.48GHz

17.9-21.2GHzFrequencyPLL

The total Pd of systeminvolving base band chip is about 500mW

13Modulation Characteristics

8Gb/s(QPSK) and 11Gb/s(16QAM) @ wider-BW

Constellation

1585 points 3170 points 4755 points 6340 points

Modulation BPSK QPSK 8PSK 16QAMData rate 2.16GHz-BW 1.76Gb/s 3.52Gb/s 5.28Gb/s 7.04Gb/s

EVM-18dB

(-24dB with DFE)

-18dB(-28dB with

DFE)-17dB -17dB

Distance(BER < 10-3 ) 0.5–274cm 0.5–270cm 0.5–20cm 0.5–17cm

Constellation

1585 points 3170 points 4755 points 6340 points

Modulation BPSK QPSK 8PSK 16QAMData rate 2.16GHz-BW 1.76Gb/s 3.52Gb/s 5.28Gb/s 7.04Gb/s

EVM-18dB

(-24dB with DFE)

-18dB(-28dB with

DFE)-17dB -17dB

Distance(BER < 10-3 ) 0.5–274cm 0.5–270cm 0.5–20cm 0.5–17cm

Realizes every modulations for IEEE 802.15.3c.

14Progress of data rate in 60GHz

0123456789

101112

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Toronto Univ.(only BPSK)

Tokyo Tech

NEC(QPSK)

UCB(QPSK)

OOK

OOKFSK

QPSK

16QAM

Year

Dat

a ra

te [G

bps]

The transceiver attained over 10Gbps

15Key technology: Quadrature ILO

VDD

INJp

INJn

Ip

In

Qp

Qn

20G

Hz

mat

chin

gbl

ock

20GHz PLL

In

Ip

Qp

Qn

180m

70m

Quadrature injection locked 60GHz oscillator with 20GHz PLLLow phase noise of -96dBc/Hz @1MHz.

1660GHz Quadrature PLL

58-63GHz, -96dBc/Hz-1MHz offset

Best phase noise is achieved.

17

38GHz outdoor mm-wave system

18Role of outdoor mm-wave

Optical fiber

Optical fiber

Connect with mm-wave

Current

Future

Base stationsfor WiFi and WiMAX

Not flexible

Very flexible

1938GHz outdoor mm-wave system

Already realized 1Gbps outdoor mm-wave systems

20System configuration

RJ-

45

Gig

abit

Eth

erne

tTr

ansc

eive

r

Bas

eban

d S

oC LPF

LPF

PA

LNA

BPF

TX A

NT

Eth

erne

t Cab

le

Sur

ge P

rote

ctor

RJ-

45

LPF

BPF

BPF

RX

ANT

PoE

Inte

rface

RJ-

45

Sur

ge P

rote

ctor

PoE

Inte

rface

Compatible with Gbit EthernetHole system is integrated with planar antenna

21Mixed signal BB SoC

Base band SoC

ADC & DAC 90nm CMOS40M Transistors

A mixed signal SoC has been developed to realize64QAM (1Gbps) with BW of 260MHz.

22Developed ADC

1st stage

2nd stage3rd stage

4th stage

5th stage

Encoder

Timing generator

750μm

700μ

m

10b, 320 MSps, 40mW ADC

No interleavingNo double samplingNo OpAmpNo calibration

Developed new 10b ADC to address 64 QAM.

New ADC architecture

23

Tx Rx

38GHz High gain planar antenna

37.5 38 38.5 39 39.5 40

31

32

33

34

35

Frequency (GHz)

Gai

n (d

B)

100%90%80%70%60%

Gain Directivity Exp. HFSS

Exp.

-100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10

0

37.5 38.0 38.5 39.0 39.5 40.0

Frequency (GHz)

Am

plitu

de (d

B)

Mea.

Gain： 34.58dBi@38.75GHzEfficiency： 84.9%Tx/Rx Isolation: 75 dB

Developed high: gain and isolation planer antenna

24BER vs. SNR

C/N vs 64QAM_BER on B-B pair

1.E-14

1.E-13

1.E-121.E-11

1.E-10

1.E-09

1.E-08

1.E-07

1.E-061.E-05

1.E-04

1.E-03

1.E-02

20 25 30 35 40 45C/N [dB]

BER

Measurement

ENOB=6.0 (600Mbps version)

ENOB=6.25

ENOB=6.5 (1Gbps version 2009)

ENOB=6.75

ENOB=7.0

ENOB=7.4

ENOB=8.5 (ADC design target)

ENOB=7.15 (1Gbps version 2010)

2008

2009

2010

C/N vs 64QAM_BER on B-B pair

1.E-14

1.E-13

1.E-121.E-11

1.E-10

1.E-09

1.E-08

1.E-07

1.E-061.E-05

1.E-04

1.E-03

1.E-02

20 25 30 35 40 45C/N [dB]

BER

Measurement

ENOB=6.0 (600Mbps version)

ENOB=6.25

ENOB=6.5 (1Gbps version 2009)

ENOB=6.75

ENOB=7.0

ENOB=7.4

ENOB=8.5 (ADC design target)

ENOB=7.15 (1Gbps version 2010)

2008

2009

2010

BER for 64QAM has been reduced to the ideal

2525

Tokyo Tech. Model Network

W8

I6

I1

S3 H100

M1

#2

#1

#3

#4

#5

#6#7

#8

#9

#10

Tokyo Tech. O-Okayama Campus

Ten mm-wave base stations in our campus

26Expand the area to NEC (4km)

4km1km

NEC

Tokyo Tech

Challenge for 4km mm-wave communication

27Model network in Tokyo

Tokyo metropolitan area

Outdoor mm-networks can cover the Tokyo metropolitan area

28Weather variation and availability

-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

2008/2/30:00

2008/2/33:00

2008/2/36:00

2008/2/39:00

2008/2/312:00

2008/2/315:00

2008/2/318:00

2008/2/321:00

2008/2/40:00

Date and time

RX

leve

l (d

Bm

)

Path #1 (S3-W8)

Path #2 (S3-I1)

Path #3 (W8-M1)

-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

2008/2/40:00

2008/2/43:00

2008/2/46:00

2008/2/49:00

2008/2/412:00

2008/2/415:00

2008/2/418:00

2008/2/421:00

2008/2/50:00

Date and time

RX

leve

l (d

Bm

)

Path #1 (S3-W8)

Path #2 (S3-I1)

Path #3 (W8-M1)

Snow

RainSnow drops

-70

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

2008/2/20:00

2008/2/23:00

2008/2/26:00

2008/2/29:00

2008/2/212:00

2008/2/215:00

2008/2/218:00

2008/2/221:00

2008/2/30:00

Date and time

RX

leve

l (d

Bm

)

Path #1 (S3-W8)

Path #2 (S3-I1)

Path #3 (W8-M1)

Fine

530m

220m250m

Watch weather and mm-wave network condition

0 200 400 600 800 1000 120099.95

99.96

99.97

99.98

99.99

100

Path Distance (m)

Ava

ilabi

lity

(%) A

A2008 2009

29Future UHS network with mm-wave

６０GH帯通信用モジュール

６０GH帯通信用モジュール搭載型情報端末（次世代iPad?)

６０GH帯通信用モジュール

６０GH帯通信用モジュール搭載型情報端末（次世代iPad?)

60GHz 60GHz60GHz 60GHz

改札通過時に立体映像データをダウンロード！

改札通過時に立体映像データをダウンロード！

40GHz40GHz

60GHz60GHz

60GHz60GHz

60GHz60GHz60GHz60GHz

60GHz60GHz

Contents

News

papersMusic Books Movies

40GHz Wireless Fiber40GHz Wireless Fiber

DataGatesData

Gates

60GHz60GHz

contents viewer with 60GHz chipcontents viewer with 60GHz chip

RF-CMOS chip image東工大 松澤・岡田研 提供

Antenna PKG imageアムシス 提供

データ閲覧端末

Optical Optical networknetwork

Mm-wave will realize real high speed networkscollaborating with optical and wireless technology

30Summary

• Tokyo Tech now developing 60GHz indoor and 38GHz outdoor systems, CMOS RF and ADC/DAC for BB chips

• 60GHz CMOS direct conversion transceiver chip attained 11Gbps data rate

• 38GHz 1Gbps outdoor mm-wave system attained 1Gbps data rate with bandwidth of 260MHz for 4km distance communication

31Acknowledgement

This work was partly supported by “The research and development project for expansion of radio spectrum resources” of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan. The author is grateful to the members of the project, especially to Prof. Ando (Project leader), Prof. Suzuki, Prof. Hirokawa, Prof. Suyama, Prof. Hirano, Prof. Miyahara, Dr. Hirade, Mr. Iwamoto, Dr. Zhang, Dr. Suga of Tokyo Institute of Technology, Dr. Taniguchi and Dr. Ozawa of Japan Radio Co., Ltd, Dr. Fukuzawa and Dr. Noda of Sony, Dr. Matsunaga of NEC, Dr. Hirachi of AMSYS and Mr. Koyama of WILLCOM.

32

Backup slides for questions