Sashi Na 1. Dabarun Tantancewa

OFISHIN YA{AR TA’ADDANCI DA MAGANCE TSAURARAN RA’AYOYI

Rahoton Yanki Game da Ta’addanci Na Shekarar 2015

Rahoto

SASHI NA 1

DABARUN TANTANCEWA

Har yanzu, ta’addanci na ya]uwa, matu}a, a duniya, a shekarar 2015, inda yake

watsuwa da kuma yin ~arna. {ungiyoyin ta’addanci na ci gaba da samun galabar

yin amfani da rashin cibiyoyin gwamnati, }warara, inda ake toshe kafofin bayyana

albarkacin baki, cikin lumana, ba tare da wani takunkumi ba, ko rashin yin adalci,

da kuma inda jami’an tsaro ke cin mutuncin al’umma, yayinda gwamnati ke cin

hanci da rashawa, babu kama hannun yaro.

{ungiyar Masu Da’awah da Musulunci ta {asar Iraq, da kuma {ungiyar Levant,

watau (ISIL), sun kasance }adangaren bakin tulu, ga }asashen duniya, inda suke

da rundunoni, masu }arfi, a }asashen Iraq da Syria, ciki har da manyan }ungiyoyin

dakarun ta’addanci na }asashen waje. {arfin }ungiyar ta ISIL, da yankunan da ta

mamaye, a }asashen na Iraq da Syria, sun wuce misali, a shekarar 2015, amma, ya

zuwa rabin shekarar ta 2015, }ungiyar ta fara sanyi. {ungiyar ta ISIL ba ta da wata

tabbatattar nasara, a fagen faman na }asashen na Iraq da Syria, sai bayan da watan

Mayu ya wuce. A }arshen shekarar ta 2015, kashi 40, cikin 100, na yankunan na

}ungiyar ta ISIL, an }wato su, ya zuwa farkon shekarar. A }asar Syria, sojojin sa-

kai, sun kori dakarun na }ungiyar ta ISIL, daga manyan garuruwa, da dama, tare da

toshe hanyoyinsu, na mu’amala da manyan yankunan }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake

garuruwan Raqqa da Mosul, sun kuma mamaye kusan kashi 11, cikin 100, na

yankuna da }ungiyar ta ISIL ta mamaye. Wannan galabar ta nuna }arfin gwamnati,

na ha]a kan yi wa ta’addanci taron-dangi.

Wannan rashin da }ungiyar ta ISIL ta yi, na yankunanta, da kuma mamayar da ta

yi wa }asashen na Iraq da Syria, a shekarar 2015, ya kuma rage yawan ku]a]en da

take da shi. {ungiyar ta ISIL, ta dogara ne da }arfafa yin }wace da kuma tsawwala

ku]a]en “haraji” ga jama’ar yankin da suka mamaye, kazalika da sauran hanyoyin

samun dukiya, irin su fasa-}waurin mai, da satar jama’a, domin kar~ar diyya, da

kai samame, da satar kayayyakin tarihi da kuma fasa-}waurinsu, da gudunmawar

}asashen waje, da kuma fataucin bil adama. Rundunar ha]in kan kai hari daga

sararin samaniya, ga cibiyoyin makamashin }ungiyar ta ISIL – irin matatun mai,

na zamani, da tankunan ajiyar fetur, da kuma wuraren tara ]anyen mai – kazalika

da wuraren ajiyar ku]a]e. Wa]annan hare-haren, sun gurgunta }ungiyar ta ISIL,

matu}a, bisa ga }o}arinta ta tara ku]a]e. {asar Amirka, tare da }o}arin }asashen

duniya, ciki har da Majalisar [inkin Duniya, UN, sun kai farmaki ga harkokin

fasa-}wauri da sayar da kayayyakin tarihin na }ungiyar ta ISIL, inda suka }ara

wargaza duk wata kafarta, ta samun ku]a]e.

Ya zuwa }arshen shekarar ta 2015, dakarun }ungiyar ta ISIL, sun yi ta kai hare-

hare kan }asashen Faransa, da Lebanon, da kuma Turkey, inda suka nuna }arfin

}ungiyar, na yin ~arna, a wajen }asashen na Iraq da Syria, da ma tona asirin rashin

tsaron kan iyakoki tsaron }asashen duniya. An kuma kai irin wa]annan hare-haren

ne, bisa }o}arin nuna wata nasara, dangane da irin asarar da }ungiyar ta yi, a

yankunan }asashen Iraq da Syria.

Tare kuma da }ungiyar ta ISIL, }ungiyar al-Qa’ida (AQ), da sauran rassansu, sun

ci gaba da }ara mayar hankali kan kai hare-haren da suka cin ]imbin rayuka.

Wannan ya ha]a da hare-hare kan otel-otel na duniya, dake }asashen Burkina

Faso, da Mali, da kuma Tunisia; da sauran fitattun wuraren jama’a; da kuma jefa

bom kan jirgin {asar Rasha. An tsara makircin hakan ne, domin a tozarta tsaron

tattalin arziki, da kuma dakushe mutuncin gwamnatoci, da haddasa }arin rashin

jittuwa, a tsakanin addinai da kuma masu bauta.

A shekarar 2015, }ungiyar ta ISIL ta sace, ta kuma ci gaba da yi wa mata fya]e, da

ma cin mutuncin dubban mata da }ananan yaran da wa]ansu bai kai shekaru

takwas da haihuwa ba. Sun sayar da mata da }ananan yara, da bautar da su, da

rarraba su ga dakarun }ungiyar ta ISIL, a matsayin ganimar ya}i, ko tilasta aurar

da su, ko bautar da su, ko su ri}a cin zarafinsu, da yi ma su fya]e. {ungiyara ta

ISIL ta bu]e wata “kasuwar” da take sayar da mata da }ananan yara, sun kuma

zayyana dokokin irin yadda za a ri}a mu’amala da bayi mata. Haka ma, }ungiyar

Boko Haram ta sace mata da budurwowi, a arewacin Nijeriya, wa]anda aka ri}a

bautarwa, da sanya su nau’ukan bauta, da fya]e, da tilasta ma su yin aure da

dakarunta. (Don }arin bayani, a bincika Fataucin Bil Adama na Shekarar 2015, a

shafin yanar-gizo ma suna: http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2015/index.htm.)

Kodayake dai }ungiyar ta ISIL ba ta furta ba, amma ita ce ke da alhakin ]imbin

hare-haren da ake kai wa, da makamai masu guba, a }asashen Iraq da Syria, ciki

har da garin hodar sulfur mustard da aka kai a garin Marea, a ranar 21 ga watan

Agustan 2015. {asar Amirka ta ha]a hannu, kan taron-dangin }alubalantar

}ungiyar ta ISIL, domin wargaza makamanta masu guba, kazalika da hana wa

}ungiyar ta ISIL, da ma sauran ire-irensu, wata dama, ta samun makamai masu

guba da linzami, da ma kayayyakin harha]a nukiliyar (CBRN), da masaniyar

nazari da kuma }arfafa }o}arin gwamnatocin yankin, na ganowa da wargazawa,

da kuma mayar da martini, yadda ya kamata, ga duk wani abinda ake tuhumar na

da ala}a da harkar ta nukiliyar CBRN.

Yayinda }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta rasa yankunanta, dake }asashen Iraq da Syria, a rabin

}arshen shekarar ta 2015, sai kuma ta samu galabar rashin zaman lafiya, a {asar

Libya. A cewar wata majiya, an }iyasta reshen }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake }asar ta

Libya, yana da dakarun da suka tasam ma dubu biyar. {ungiyar ta fa]a]a

yankunanta, dake Sirte, da ma kewayen bakin ruwa. Har ila yau, ta kai hare-hare

kan zirin rijiyoyin mai, na }asar ta Libya, da kuma yankin Sabratha, dake kusa da

kan iyaka da {asar Tunisia. Amma }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta kuma tabka asara, a

artabun da ta ri}a yi, da }ungiyoyin sojojin dake {asar Libya, musamman, a

gabashin garin Darnah.

Reshen }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake Tsibirin Sinai, na {asar Masar (Lardin }ungiyar ta

ISIL, a Sinai, ko kuma ISIL-SP), watau ISIL-SP ya yi ta }ara kai hare-hare, ga

sojojin }asar ta Masar, inda ya nemi ya nuna ma su bajinsa, da }warewar kai

miyagun hare-hare, a Arewacin garin Sinai, dake Sheikh Zuweid, a cikin watan

Yuli. Har ila yau, }ungiyar ta furta alhakin wani ta’addanci, na harbor jirgin ya}in

{asar Rasha, samfurin Metrojet 9286, a watan Oktobar 2015, wanda ya kashe

fasinjoji 224, da ma’aikatansa bakwai.

A ranar 26 ga watan Janairun 2015, }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta fito fili, ta bayyana cewa,

ta }ulla wani barancen da ta kira ISIL-Khorasan (ISIL-K), a }asashen Afghanistan

da Pakistan. A kuma }arshen shekara, }ungiyar ta mayar da hankali kan kai

manyan hare-hare ga gwamnatin Afghanistan da farar hula, dama, }ungiyar ta

kuma ]auki alhakin wa]ansu ‘yan }ananan hare-hare, a yankunan }asar ta

Pakistan. {awancen na ISIL-K, ya ]an mamaye kudancin Lardin Nangarhar, dake

}asar ta Afghanistan, amma, ]an martanin da gwamnatin ta Afghanistan ta kai, bai

da yawa, kuma Sojojin Taron-dangi, da na }ungiyar Taliban, ba su bayar da wani

taimakon da ya kamata ba, ga jama’ar yankin.

{ungiyoyin dake da ala}a da }ungiyar ta ISIL, sun kuma ~ulla, a sauran yankuna,

na Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Afrika, da Arewacin Kabilar Caucasus na {asar Rasha, da

Kudu maso Gabashin Asia, da kuma Kudancin Asia, kodayake dangantakar dake

tsakanin mafi yawan }ungiyoyin da shugabannin }ungiyar ta ISIL, suna ne, a mafi

yawan lokutta. Wa]annan }ungiyoyin, da dama, sun ~alle ne, daga tarin

}ungiyoyin ta’addanci, na da, dake da manufa guda, da ba su da }arfin }ungiyar ta

ISIL.

A watan Maris, }ungiyar ta’addancin dake Nijeriya, watau Boko Haram, ta

bayyana barrantarta ga }ungiyar ta ISIL. A shekarar 2015, }ungiyar ta Boko

Haram, ta kashe dubban mutane, ta kuma kore dubban ]aruruwa, dake yankin

Fadamar Tabkin Chad, dake Afrika. Sojojin taron-dangi, na yanki, sun taka rawar

gani, a shekarar ta 2015, wajen }wato yankunan da }ungiyar ta mamaye,

musamman, lokacin da aka za~i Shugaba Buhari, na Nijeriya, amma, }ungiyar ta

Boko Haram ta }ara mayar da martini, da yin amfani da wa]ansu irin hare-hare,

masu kama ]aya. Abinda ya muni shine, }ungiyar ta Boko Haram, ta ci gaba da

kuma }ara yawan abubuwan da take yi, ta yin amfani da mata da }ananan yara,

wajen }unar ba}in-wake.

Bayan }ungiyoyin barancen, }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta ~ullo da hare-haren da wa]ansu

ko kuma }ungiyoyi ke kai wa, a shekarar ta 2015, a garuruwa, da dama, a fa]in

duniya. Farfagandar }ungiyar ta ISIL, da ma yin amfani da kafofin yanar-gizo, sun

haddasa sabuwar }alubale ga }o}arin ya}ar ta’addanci. Kamfanoni kan yun}ura

wajen hana wa }ungiyar ta ISIL yin amfani da shafukan yanar-gizo, ta hanyar

matsa lambar tilasta yin amfani da sharu]]an dake keta dokokin kamfanonin.

Shafin Twitter ya bayar da rahoto, a 2015 cewa, ta fara dakatar da duk wani damar

da ake amfani da ita, wajen yin barazana da kuma yayata hare-haren ta’addanci,

musamman wa]anda suka ji~inci taimako ga }ungiyar ta ISIL.

Yayinda manyan shugabannin }ungiyar AQ suka farga, tuni har }ungiyar ta zama

abin barazana da kuma ci gaba da kasancewa, wani dandalin da ake kururuta kafa

ha]a]]iyar }ungiyoyin, ciki har da }ungiyar al-Qa’ida, a Zirin Yankin Larabawa,

watau (AQAP); da al-Qa’ida ya Yankin Maghreb, watau (AQIM); da Rundunar al-

Nusrah; da ta al-Shabaab, da kuma }ungiyar al-Qa’ida, dake ‘yan }ananan

yankunan India. Zullumin dake tsakanin }ungiyoyin AQ da ISIL ya yi }amari a

yankuna da dama, a cikin shekarar 2015, mai yiwuwa kuma ya }aru, a yankuna da

dama na }ungiyar ta AQ, idan ta nemi nuna muhimmancinta.

{ungiyar ta AQAP har yanzu tana da tasiri, a {asar Yemen, da yankin, da kuma

{asar Amirka, domin irin tashin hankalin dake faruwa, a wannan }asar, na

dakushe duk wani }o}arin da ake yi, na }alubalantar }ungiyar. {ungiyar ISIS da

Alayenta, a {asar Iraq, ta kuma yin amfani da irin gi~in da aka bari, kan harkokin

siyasa da tsaro, domin }arfafa ri}on da take yi, a cikin }asar.

Dukan }o}arin da {asar Faransa da kuma sojojin rundunar yanki ke yi – kamar

}asashen Chad da Nijar – na matu}ar dakushe }arfin }ungiyar ta AQIM da ta al-

Murabitun, dake arewacin {asar Mali da ma zuwa tsallaken yankin Sahel. Amma,

a cikin 2015, wa]annan }ungiyoyin sun gudanar da dabarun ya}i, iri ]aya, ta yin

amfani da sauran }ungiyoyin da suka rage, a yankin na arewacin {asar Mali.

{ungiyar ta AQIM, ta }ara yawan hare-haren da take kai wa kan Rundunar

Tabbatar da Zaman Lumanar Yankuna, a }asar ta Mali. Ya zuwa }arshen shekara,

}ungiyar ta AQIM, ta kuma karkata hare-harenta kan gidajen otel-otel dake

}asashen Mali da Burkina Faso.

A Gabashin Afrika, }ungiyar al-Shabaab na ci gaba da kai miyagun hare-hare, a

{asar Somalia, inda suke neman mai aiki baya, kan irin nasarar da Gwamnatin

Tarayyar {asar Somalia ta samu na raunana harkokin siyasar sojojin gudunmawar

}asashe, ta Ha]a]]iyar Rundunar {ungiyar {asashen Afrika, dake }asar ta

Somalia, watau (AMISOM). A farkon rabin shekarar 2015, }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab

ta kai hare-hare a kan iyakar arewacin {asar Kenya, ciki har da wanda ta kai a

Jami’ar Garissa, a cikin Afrilu, inda ta hallaka kusan mutane 150. Bisa ga irin

yadda hare-haren na }asar ta Kenya suka ragu, a rabin }arshen shekarar ta 2015, an

bayar da rahoton }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab ta dage kan ]aukar dakaru da kuma

samun dukiyoyi, a ]aukacin yankuna kudu da tsakiyar }asar ta Somalia.

Sojojin yankin, daga }asashen Burundi, da Djibouti, da Habasha, da Kenya, da

kuma Uganda, sun ci gaba da bayar da gudunmawar sojoji ga rundunar ta

AMISOM, a shekarar 2015, duk da ]imbin yawan jama’ar da }ungiyar ta al-

Shabaab ta kassara, da kuma ]aruruwan sojojin rundunar ta AMISOM, da ta kashe.

Bisa ga taimakon {asar Amirka, da ha]in gwiwar sojojin {asar Somali, rundunar

ta AMISOM, ta ci gaba da matsa lamba kan }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, da kuma

gurgunta duk wani mamayen da }ungiyar ta yi, a sassan }asar ta Somalia. Wani

yun}uri na musamman da rundunar ta AMISOM, ta sojojin }asashen Habasha da

Kenya ta yi, ya tarwatsa }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab daga manyan wuraren da ta

mamaye, a kudancin {asar Somalia, a rabin }arshen shekarar 2015. Amma,

}ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, ta ci gaba da kai hare-hare kan sansanonin bakin dagar

rundunar ta AMISOM, wanda ya raunata sojojin na rundunar ta AMISOM, ya

kuma dakatar da hare-haren da take kai wa.

* * *

Bugu da }arin irin yun}urin da ake yi, na dakushe wa]annan }ungiyoyi, }asashen

dake wa]annan wuraren, a duniya, suna bayar da himmar aiwatar da manyan

canje-canje, na magance kwararowar duk wani dakaren wata }ungiyar ta’addanci

daga waje, da kuma daga yankunan da ake tashe-tashen hankula, da ma }ara

yawan kai farmakin }alubalantar ta’addanci.

Yarjejeniyar Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar [inkin Duniya, (UNSCR), ta 2178 –

wadda aka amincewa, a wanit toron na Kwamitin Tsaron na Majalisar [inkin

Duniya, a cikin watan Satumbar 2014, a }ar}ashin shugabancin Shugaba Obama –

ya bayar da wa]ansu sharu]]an tabbatar da wannan }o}arin, tare da }asashen

dake yun}urin inganta }arfinsu, na }alubalantar matsalolin dakarun ta’addanci na

}asashen waje. Har ila yau, }asashen dake }awance da juna, sun aiwatar da sanya

takunkumi ga }ungiyar ta ISIL, bisa ga shawarar da Majalisar [inkin Duniya ta

yanke, mai lamba UN 1267/1989/2253, kan reshen }ungiyar ta ISIL, mai suna

(Da’esh), da ma harkokin }ungiyar al-Qa’ida, wadda ta sanya dukan }asashen suka

ri}e ]aukacin dukiyoyi da kuma hana duk wanda ke da ala}a da }ungiyar ta AQ,

shiga cikin }asashensu, ciki har da }ungiyar ISIL. A watan Fabrairu, kwamitin

tsaron na UNSC ya amince da yarjejeniyar tsaron ta UNSCR, ta 2199, domin

dakushe }ungiyoyin na ISIL, da rundunar al-Nusrah, da kuma sauran }ungiyoyin

dake tallafa wa }ungiyar ta AQ da ku]a]e, da mayar da hankali kan dakatar da

}ungiyar ci gaba da fasa-}waurin mai, da satar jama’a don samun diyya, da kuma

}azamin fataucin kayayyakin tarihi, daga {asar Syria. A ranar 3 ga watan

Disamba, kowane {awancen Dake Duniya, ya sake jaddada himmarsa, ta

}alubalantar yadda }ungiyar ta ISIL ke samun ku]a]enta, a wata sanarwar ha]in

gwiwar da suka bayar, a taron Ha]in Gwiwar Wakilan na Duniya, da aka yi, a

Birnin Brussels.

Gaba ]aya, }asashen 45 sun zartar da kuma sabunta duk wata doka, domin }ara

ganowa da kuma gurfanar da duk wani dakaren }ungiyoyin ta’addanci. An bayar

da rahoton }asashe 35, sun kame, da kuma gurfanar da dakarun ‘yan ta’adda 12.

{asar Turkey – wata }asar dake tsaka-mai-wuya, waje kwararowar dakarun

}ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda – ta yawaita tsarewa, da kamawa, da kuma gurfanar da

wa]anda ake tuhuma da kasancewa dakaren }ungiyar ta’addanci, da }ara yawan

musayar bayananta, da sauran }asashen duniya, da kuma ]aukar wa]ansu matakai,

na inganta harkokin tsaron kan iyakokinta. Ya zuwa }arshen shekarar 2015, {asar

Amirka, ta shimfi]a wa]ansu hanyoyin musayar bayanai, da }asashen duniya fiye

da 50, domin taimaka wa }o}arin ganowa da bincikowa da kuma hana tafiye-

tafiyen wa]anda ake tuhuma da ayyukan ta’addanci.

Har ila yau, {asar Amirka, na ci gaba da }ulla zumuntar }ara }arfi tsaron kan

iyakoki, da kawar da duk wani cikas ga harkokin tsaron da ake da su, da daidaita

bincikowa, da hanawa, da kuma bayar da rahoton tafiye-tafiyen duk wani ]an

ta’adda. An kuma samu }arin ha]in kan juna, tsakanin }asashe, wajen }ara yawan

jerin sunayen wa]anda ake zargi da ta’addanci, da kuma }ara musayar bayanai,

amma, har yanzu, da sauran aiki.

Musamman, a cikin watan Disamba, {ungiyar EU, ta ]auki wa]ansu matakan

sanin Sunayen Fasinjojin Dake Shawagi a {asasahen {ungiyar ta EU, (PNR), tare

da yin yarjejeniya, tsakaninta da majalisun }asashe, kan zayyana wani batun da zai

bukaci jiragen haya, da su bayar da bayanai game da fasinjojin dake zirga-zirga a

]aukacin }asashen na {ungiyar ta EU, da kuma rarraba wa]annan bayanai, a

tsakanin }asashen }ungiyar ta EU. A shekarar ta 2015, an kafa wata Cibiyar

{alubalantar Ta’addanci, a {asashen Turai, a Rundunar Europol, da ma fa]a]a

duk wata dabarar musayar bayanai, game da zirga-zirgar dakarun ‘yan ta’adda.

Shugaba Obama ya kira wani Babban Taro, kan {alubalantar Tsauraran Ra’ayoyi,

a watan Fabrairun 2015, inda fiye da }asashe 60, da }ungiyoyin 12, da kuma

wakilan }ungiyoyin al’umma, da na kasuwanci da addinai, suka }addamar da wani

}o}arin “sha kundun na al’ummar” duniya, wajen }o}arin fuskantar duk wani

al’amarin dake ruruta tashin hankalin tsauraran ra’ayoyi. Taron ya fito da bukatun

cikakkar fuskantar abubuwan da za su dakushe ci gaban }ungiyoyin masu

tsauraran ra’ayoyi, da rigakafin sababbin dake tasowa. {asashen Algeria, da

Australia, da Kazakhstan, da Kenya, da Mauritania, da kuma Norway, sun kira irin

wannan taron na yankuna, da aka kira Tarurrukan CVE, a shekarar 2015, domin

janyo }arin }asashe, da gwamnatocin yankuna, da }ungiyoyin al’umma da

kamfanoni, wajen shiga ga harkar rigakafin magance tsauraran ra’ayoyin. {asashe,

da dama, sun fito da wani Shiri na Tsare-tsaren Taron na CVE, domin samun ci

gaba. Ta ~angaren Babban Taron Majalisar [inkin Duniya kuma, ]aukacin masu

unguwannin lardunan dake fa]in duniya, sun }addamar da wata sabuwar

Gagarumar {ungiyar Ha]in Kan Birane, a watan Satumbar 2015, domin ganowa

da kuma musayar bayanan yankuna, kan muhimman hanyoyin kawo ha]in kan

kyautata jin da]in al’umma, da jajircewa ga magance tsauraran ra’ayoyi.

* * * *

{asar Iran na kan gaba, wajen taimaka wa ayyukan ta’addanci, a shekarar 2015,

inda take taimaka wa al’amurra da dama, ciki har da bayar da ku]a]e, da horo, da

kayayyakin aiki, ga }ungiyoyin dake fa]in duniya – musamman }ungiyar

Hizballah. {asar Iran na ci gaba da }ara shiga harkokin tayar da hankula a {asar

Syria, inda take ha]a hannu da gwamnatin Asad, wajen }alubalantar ‘yan

hamayyar }asar ta Syria, da kuma a {asar Iraq, inda }asar ta Iran ke ci gaba da

taimaka wa ‘yan tawaye, ciki har da }ungiyar ‘yan ta’addan waje, ta Kata’ib

Hizballah. Bugu da }ari, an same ta hannu kan bayar da taimakon irin hare-haren

da ‘yan hamayya, na }ungiyar mabiya addinin Shia ke hai wa, a {asar Bahrain.

{asar ta Iran na da hannu a cikin }o}arin da }ungiyar ta Hizballah ke yi, na

aiwatar da ta’asa, a duniya, kamar yadda aka yi nuni da ~arnar da }ungiyar ta

Hizballah ta yi a {asar Peru, a shekarar 2014, da kuma a {asar Cyprus, a shekarar

2015.

OFISHIN {ALUBALANTAR TA’ADDANCI DA TSAURARAN RA’AYOYI

Rahoton Yanki Kan Ta’addanci na Shekarar 2015

Rahoto

AFRIKA

Afrika sun yi fama da munanan ayyukan ‘yan ta’adda, a shekara 2015. A Afrika ta

Gabas, ‘yan ta’addan al-Shabaab dake zaune a {asar Somalia, suna nuna taurin kai

da sake ~ullo da jerin manyan abubuwan dake kawo koma-bayan da ake fama da

shi, a farkon rabin shekarar 2015, wa]anda suka ha]a da mutuwar manyan dakaru,

da kuma }wace manyan wuraren baje-koli, a sassan kudu-maso-tsakiyar {asar

Somalia. Duk da wannan asarar, Rundunar {ungiyar {asashen Afrika, dake {asar

Somalia, (AMISOM), ta yi ta artabu da }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, domin }ungiyar

‘yan ta’addan na ci gaba da }ara yawaita hare-harenta. A cikin shekarar, wani

~angaren da ya ware, ya }ara kawo rarrrabuwar }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake {asar Iraq,

wajen kakkafa ~angarori, a shugabancin }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab. {ungiyar ta ci

gaba da rike }awancenta da }ungiyar al-Qa’ida, amma, duk da kiraye-kirayen da

sauran }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’addan Afrika ke yi, na da su ha]e da }ungiyar ta ISIL.

An kafa wani sabon dandalin baje-kolin }ungiyar ta Al-Shabaab, aka kuma ci gaba

da kai hare-hare da }onar ba}in-wake, a {asar Somalia, wa]anda mafi yawansu, a

Filin Jirgin Saman Birnin Mogadishu ne, da ofisoshin gwamnatin }asar ta Somali,

da wa]ansu sanannun gidajen otel-otel, da ma ‘yan kasuwa. Yayinda ake mayar da

hankali kan kai hari ga wa]ansu wuraren, a wajen }asar ta Somalia, musamman a

}asashen dake bayar da gudunmawar dakarun Rundunar AMISOM, }ungiyar al-

Shabaab ta yi }o}arin haramta Gwamnatin Tarayyar {asar Somalia, da raunana

}o}arin rundunar ta AMISOM, na yanke shawarar kai manyan hare-hare da dama,

kan rudunar ta AMISOM, a sansanoninta dake kudancin }asar ta Somalia, da

kashe ]aruruwan sojojin rundunar ta AMISOM, da sojojin {asar Somalia.

{asashen Djibouti, da Habasha, da kuma Uganda, ba su sha wahalar harin na

}ungiyar ta al-Shabaab ba, a shekarar 2015, amma, {asar ta fi ]an]ana ku]arta,

game da tarihin hare-haren, na watan Afrilu, lokacin da }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab ta

kai wani farmaki a Kolejin Jami’ar Garissa, inda suka yi amfani da }ananan

makamai, da kuma rigunan nakiyar }unar ba}in-wake, inda suka kashe jama’ar

{asar Kenya, fiye da 145, wa]anda mafi yawansu ]alibai ne.

{asar Amirka na ci gaba da tallafa wa }arfin }alubalantar ta’addanci, a ko’ina a

yankin Zirin {asashen Larabawar Afrika, ciki har da inganta harkokin rundunar

AMISOM, da bayar da gudunmawar bun}asawa da kuma }warewar harkokin

tsaron }asar ta Somalia, da ma inganta aiwatar da tilasta bin dokoki, a yankin. Bisa

ga harin da aka kai, a Kolejin Jami’ar Garissa, a shekarar 2015, {asar Kenya da

sauran }asashen Gabashin Afrika, sun sake mayar da hankali ga }o}arin tabbatar

da tsare kan iyakokinsu, kazalika da ganowa, da kuma hanawwa, da ma

tarwatsawa, da bincikawa, da gurfanar da duk wanda ake zargi da aikata

ta’addanci. A watan Satumba, Sojojin {asar Kenya, sun kai wani hari a Birnin

Linda Boni, dake arewacin gabar tekun }asar ta Kenya, da nufin }o}arta kawar da

ayyukan }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, a dajin Boni, wani sansanin gudanar da munanan

harkokin }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab zuwa tsallaken sauran }asashe.

A Fadamar Tabkin Chad kuwa, gwamnatocin }asashen Nijeriya, da Chad, da

Cameroon, da ma Nijar, sun ]auki matakai da dama, a shekarar ta 2015, na }ara

yawan }alubalantar hare-haren }ungiyar Boko Haram. An yi }o}arin samun

nasarar }ulla zumunci da dangantaka, a tsakanin rundunonin sojojin yankin, domin

}alubalantar yankunan da }ungiyar ta Boko Haram ta mamaye, inda aka tilasta ma

ta, har ta yi watsi da duk wata mummunar farfagandar soja, ta koma ga kai hari,

bai-]aya, a cikin ’yan shekarun da suka wuce. Duk da wannan koma-bayan ta

samu, }ungiyar ta Boko Haram, ta dage da ci gaba da kai hari kan sojoji. {ungiyar

ta sace jama’a, da dama, da kashe-kashen rayuka, da saka boma-bomai (ciki har da

sa }ananan yara yin }unar ba}in-wake), da hare-hare kan farar hula da sansanonin

sojoji,a duk fa]in yankin na Fadamar Tabkin Chad, abinda ya kawo rashin rayukan

dubban jama’a, da raunuka da ma lalata ]aukacin dukiyoyin dake wurin. A

Nijeriya, jihohin arewa maso gabashi, irin su Adamawa, da Borno, da kuma Yobe,

sun fi shan wahalolin hare-haren ta’addancin. Har ila yau, }ungiyar ta Boko

Haram, ta tsallaka zuwa ma}wabtan dake arewaci }asashen Cameroon, da Chad,

da ma kudu maso gabashin }asar Nijar. A watan Maris, }ungiyar ta Boko Haram,

ta yi alkwarin barance ga }ungiyar ISIL, a cikin sa}on wani faifai da suka aike.

Don kuma }alubalantar duk wani }o}arin hada-hadar ta }ungiyar ta Boko Haram,

a Fadamar ta Tabkin Chad, }asashen Benin, da Cameroon, da Chad, da Nijar, da

ma Nijeriya, sun ha]a wata Rundunar Sojojin Wucin-gadi, ta }asashen.

Farmakin Sojojin {asar Faransa, mai suna Barkhane, wanda wata }alubale ce, kan

mayar da hankali ga harkokin ‘yan ta’adda, a yankin Sahel, ya ci gaba, kuma wata

gudunmawa ta Rundunar Tabbatar da Zaman Lafiya ta Majalisar [inkin Duniya, a

{asar Mali, ta }ara ma sa }aimi, da tabbatar da zaman lafiyar }asar.

{AWANCEN {ALUBALANTAR TA’ADDANCI A YANKIN SAHARA

{asar Amirka ce ta bayar da ku]a]en kafa Rundunar {awancen {alubalantar

Ta’addanci a Yankin Sahara (TSCTF), a 2005, ta kuma aiwatar da ita, ta kowane

fanni, da ma }o}arin bun}asa ayyukanta da ha]in kan sojoji, na shekaru da dama,

da tilasta bin dokoki, da shigowar farar hula, a dukan fa]in Arewa da Yammacin

Afrika, domin }alubalantar ta’addanci. Fannonin taimakon sun ha]a da:

1. Tabbatarwa da bun}asa }arfin sojojin Arewa da Yammacin Afrika, da tilasta

bin dokoki, wajen gudanar da harkokin magance ayyukan ta’addanci;

2. Ha]e kan sojojin Arewa da Yammacin Afrika, da tilasta bin dokoki, da

sauran taimakon }awaye, da ma gudanar da dukan wani }o}arin da ya shafi

}alubalantar ta’addanci, tare, a yankin;

3. Inganta }arin tsaron kan iyakoki, da kulawa da su, da hanawa da kuma dates

duk wata zirga-zirgar ‘yan ta’adda;

4. {arfafa dokoki, ciki har da yin adalci, da inganta tilasta bin dokoki, wajen

ganowa da dakushewa, da mayar da martini, da bincikawa, da ma gurfanar

da duk wanda ake tuhuma da aikata laifin ta’addanci;

5. Kulawa da }alubalanta yadda ‘yan ta’adda ke samun ku]a]e, (irin wa]ana

suka shafi satar mutane, don samun diyya); da kuma

6. Rage tausayawa da taimakon da al’umma ke yi, game da tsauraran ra’ayoyi.

{awayen Rundunar ta TSCTP, sun ha]a da }asashen Algeria, da Burkina Faso, da

Cameroon, da Chad, da Mali, da Mauritania, da Morocco, da Nijar, da Nijeriya, da

Senegal, da kuma Tunisia.

Rundunar ta TSCTP, ta bun}asa da kuma samun ha]in kai, duk da koma-bayan da

ta samu, na rashin kwanciyar hankalin harkokin siyasa, da tarzomar masu tsauraran

ra’ayoyi, da tawayen kabilanci, da kuma wa]ansu manya-manyan abubuwan da

suka shafi tsarin mulkin dake dagula ayyuka da ci gaba, a wa]ansu }asashen

}awayen.

Ha]in kan yanki, da dabarun aiwatar da tsare-tsaren taimakon da {asar Amirka ke

bayarwa, a duniya, ya bun}asa a yankunan Yammaci da kuma Tsakiyar Afrika, a

tsakanin }awayen wannan runduna ta TSCTP. Nijeriya da ma}wabtanta, sun

amince da su kafa wata Rundunar Sojojin Wucin-gadi, na maganin }ungiyar Boko

Haram, da kasancewa cikin shirin artabu da duk wata }ungiyar dake yankin.

{awayen rundunar ta TSCTP, sun shiga cikin wannan }o}arin, ta hannun

{ungiyar Afrika, da kuma {asar Benin, wadda ba wakiliya ba ce, a rundunar ta

TSCTP.

OFISHIN YA{I DA {ALUBALANTAR TA’ADDANCI DA TSAURARAN

RA’AYOYI

Rahoton Yanki Kan Ta’addanci na Shekarar 2015

Rahoto

SASHE NA 3

{ASASHEN DAKE GOYON BAYAN TA’ADDANCI

Kafin a bayyana cewa, ga wata }asa dake taimaka wa ayyukan ta’addanci, dole, sai

Sakataren Gwamnati ya tabbatar da wannan }asar ta na ci gaba da goyon bayan

irin wannan ta’asar, a harkokin ta’addancin duniya. Da zarar an amince da haka, to,

ta kasance {asar Dake Taimaka wa Ta’addanci, har sai lokacin da ta bari, bisa ga

sharu]]an da aka gindaya. An sanya takunkumi, da dama, a sakamakon amincewar

da aka yi cewa, irin abubuwan da }asar mai taimaka wa ta’addancin, ba za ta sake

samun galaba ba, kan abubuwan da suka ha]a da:

Haramcin saye da sayar da wa]ansu makamai;

Zura idanu kan sayar sayo kayayyakin da ake sake sarrafawa, wa]anda ke

bukata kwanaki 30, kafin Majalisar {asa ta tantance su, ko kuma kayayyaki

da hidimar da za ta iya bun}asa }arfin sojan }asar, ko kuma }o}arinta na

taimaka wa ta’addanci;

Hana ta duk wani taimako na tattalin arziki; da

Saka ma ta takunkumin harkokin ku]a]e da sauransu.

Ana iya soke sunan duk wata }asa bisa ga wa]ansu sharu]]a biyu.

Shara]i na farko na bukatar Shugaban {asa ya bayar da wani rahoto ga Majalisar

{asa, kafin ya gabatar da a soke sunan, wanda ke bukatar da sai an tantaunce

cewa:

Akwai wani gagarumin canjin da shugabanci da kuma manufofin gwamnatin }asar

suka yi.

Gwamnatin ba ta goyon bayan duk wani al’amari game da ta’addanci a duniya, da

kuma

Gwamnatin ta bayar da tabbacin ba za ta goyi bayan duk wani al’amarin

ta’addancin duniya ba, nan gaba.

[ayan shara]in shine, Shugaban {asa zai bayar da wani rahoto ga Majaliar

{asa, kwanaki 45, kafin ya bukaci da a soke sunan }asa, daga ranar da aka

tantance cewa:

Gwamnatin da abin ya shafa, ba ta bayar da wani goyon baya ga harkokin

ta’addancin duniya ba, a cikin watanni shida da suka wuce, sai kuma

Gwamnatin da abin ya shafa, ta bayar da tabbacin cewa, ba za ta yi wani

yun}uri a, na taimaka wa ta’addanci, a duniya, nan gaba.

Wannan rahoton ya gutsuro wa]ansu al’amurra ne, a shekarar 2015, wa]anda ke

da ala}a da }asashen da aka bayyana sunayensu, a matsayin Masu Taimaka wa

Ta’addanci; bai kuma }unshi sababbin sanarwa ba, game da sauuran wa]anda aka

sanya sunayensu. Mai yiwuwa akwai }arin bayanai game da {asashen Dake

Taimaka wa Ta’addanci, a shafin yanar-gizo mai suna:

http://www.state.gov/j/ct/c14151.htm.

IRAN

A matsayinta na }asar dake taimaka wa ta’addanci, a 1984, {asar Iran ta ci gaba

da gudanar da harkokin ta’addancinta, a shekarar 2015, ciki har da rahoto game da

}ungiyoyin Hizballah, da na }ungiyoyin ta’addanci na Falas]inawa dake yankin

Gaza, da sauran }ungiyoyin dake }asar ta Iraq da ma fa]in yankin Gabas ta

Tsakiya. A shekarar 2015, }asar ta Iran ta }ara yawan taimakon da take bai wa

}ungiyoyin ta’addancin mabiya addinin Shi’a na }asar Iraqi, ciki har da }ungiyar

Kata’ib Hizballah (KH), wadda {asar Amirka ta sanya sunanta, a cikin

{ungiyoyin Ta’addancin Duniya, a bisa ga wani }o}arin da ake yi, na ya}ar

}ungiyar ISIL, dake }asar ta Iraq, da bun}asa gwamnatin Asad, dake {asar in

Syria. {asar Iran ta yi amfani da Dakarun Rundunar Juyin Juya-halin Addinin

Musulunci, (IRGC-QF), wajen aiwatar da manufofinta, na }asashen waje, da ~oye

rahotannin sirri, da kuma haddasa rashin zaman lafiya, a yannin Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Rundunar ta IRGC-QF, ita ce tushen haddasawa da kuma taimaka wa ta’addanci a

}asashen waje.

{asar Iran na ganin gwamnatin Asad, dake {asar Syria, a matsayin aminiya, kuma

ginshi}in duk wani “boren” da take yi, a yankunan dake da }awance da {asar Iran,

da kuma zama babbar kanwar }ungiyar Hizballah, da zama manyan }awayen dake

amfana da abotar harkokin ta’addanci da }asar ta Iran. Bugu da }ari, kan goyon

bayan da take bai wa }ungiyar ta Hizballah, a {asar Syria, }asar ta Iran, na ci gaba

da ba ta makamai, da ku]a]e, da horo da kuma bu]e ma ta kafofi, a }asashen

Iraqi, da Afghan, da kuma baraden }ungiyar Shi’a na {asar Pakistan, domin

taimaka wa gagarumin zaluncin da gwamnatin Asad ke yi, wanda ya hallaka

rayukan mutane fiye da dubu 250, a {asar Syria. {asar Iran, ta bayyana, a fili,

cewa ta amince da mutuwar jami’an }asar ta Iran, a {asar Syria, a shekarar 2015,

ciki har da manyan kwamandodi, da }ara yawan sojojin }asar ta Iran, yayinda ta ci

gaba da amsa cewa, an kai sojojin na sojojin na }asar ta Iran, domin su bayar da

shawarwari, kawai.

A {asar Iraq, sojojin }asar ta Iran sun yi amfani da harsasai masu linzami, da na

atilare, da ma jiragen da babu matu}a, wajen ya}ar }ungiyar ISIL. Har ila yau,

}asar ta Iran, ta }ara yawan makamai da ku]a]en da take bai wa }ungiyoyin

ta’addancin mabiyar addinin Shi’a na {asar Iraq, bisa ga }o}arin tauye galabar da

}ungiyar ta ISIL ke samu a }asar ta Iraq. Da dama, daga cikin wa]annan

}ungiyoyin, irin su KH, na haddasa mummunan tashin hankalin addini, a }asar ta

Iraq, kuma suna ci gaba da cin mutuncin bil adama, musamman farar hula mabiya

a}idar Sunnah. Rundunar ta IRGC-QF, tare da ha]in hannun }ungiyar Hizballah,

suna horar da jama’a, a wajen }asar ta Iraq, kazalika da bayar da shawarwari, a

cikin }asar ta Iraq, ga ‘yan ta’addan addinin Shi’a, game da }era miyagun

makamai da kuma yin amfani da su. Bugu da }ari, mafi yawan baraden }ungiyar ta

Hizballah, da ‘yan ta’addan addinin Shi’a suka horar, sun yi amfani da basira

wajen ya}ar gwamnatin Asad, ko kuma }ungiyar ISIL, a }asar ta Iraq.

Har ila yau, }asar ta Iran ta bayar da makamai, da ku]a]e da kuma horo, ga ‘yan

ta’addar addinin Shi’a, na {asar Bahrain. A shekarar 2015, gwamnatin {asar

Bahrain ta kai farmaki, da kuma tsokana, ta ma kame ]imbin makaman da }asar ta

Iran ta bayar, da kai makaman, da kuma ‘yan ta’adda. Wannan ya ha]a da gano da

wani wurin da ake yin boma-boman dake da misalin ton ]aya da rabi, na nakiyoyi,

da gwamnatin ta {asar Bahrain ta yi, a cikin watan Satumba.

A bisa ga tarihi, }asar ta Iran ce ke bayar da makamai, da horo da kuma ku]a]e ga

}ungiyar Hamas da sauran }ungiyoyin ta’addancin yankin Falas]inu, ciki har da

Rundunar {ungiyar Jihadi da Jagorancin Yankin Falas]inu. Wa]annan

}ungiyoyin ta’addanci na Falas]inu na da alhakin mace-mace, da dama, tunda

daga hare-haren da ake yi wo wa, daga Gaza har ya zuwa yankin Bakin Tekun

Yamma, watau West Bank. Kodayake dangantakar }ungiyar ta Hamas da }asar ta

Iran, ta sukurkuce, saboda ya}in basasar {asar Syria, dukan ~angarorin sun ]auki

matakai, a shekarar 2015, don gyara ta. {asar Iran na ci gaba da bayar da

gagarumin goyon baya ga }ungiyoyin ta’addancin Falas]inu, da ma tashe-tashen

hankulan {asar Isra’ila, a shekarar 2015. Sakararen Majalisar Tsaron {oli ta {asa,

Admiral Ali Shamkhani, ya yi }o}arin tsara dukan hare-haren da ‘yan }ungiyar

ta’addancin na yankin Falas]inu ke kai wa jami’an tsaron {asar Isra’ila, a yankin

West Bank, wani sabon jihadi na “Intifada” a cikin wani jawabin da ya yi a ranar

25 ga watan Nuwamba.

Tun zuwa }arshen shekarar 2006 ake rikici tsakanin {asar Isra’ila da }ungiyar

Hizballah, kuma }asar ta Iran ke taimaka wa bai wa }ungiyar ta Hizballah

makamai, wanda ya keta dokar majalisar ]inkin duniya ta 1701, watau UNSCR

1701. {asar Iran ta bayar da ]aruruwan miliyoyin dolar Amirka, don taimaka wa

}ungiyar ta Hizballah, a {asar Lebanon, da kuma bayar da horo ga dubban

dakarun dake sansanin na }asar ta Iran. Wa]annan dakarun sun yi amfani da

basira, da dama, wajen taimaka wa gwamnatin Asad, kai tsaye, a {asar Syria, a

ta}aice kuma da taimaka wa duk wata ta’asar }ungiyar ISIL, a {asar Iraq. Har ila

yau, suna kai wa]ansu hare-haren, a fakaice, a kan iyakokin }asar ta Lebanon, da

{asar Isra’ila.

Har yanzu, }asar ta Iran, ta bijire wa gurfanar da duk wani babban dakaren

}ungiyar al-Qa’ida (AQ), sai dai ta ci gaba da tsarewa da kuma ~oye sanin

wa]anda ke tsaren. A da, }asar ta Iran na barin masu gudanar da harkokin na

}ungiyar AQ, kai wa zuwa ga tushen gudahar da ta’asar, a ko’ina cikin }asar ta

Iran, musamman ma a shekarar 2009, inda take taimaka wa }ungiyar ta AQ, wajen

hada-hadar ku]a]e, da dakaru, zuwa Kudancin Asia da {asar Syria.

SUDAN

An bayyana cewa {asar Sudan na daga cikin {asashen dake Taimaka wa

Ta’addanci, a shekarar 1993, saboda damuwar taimakon da take bai wa }ungiyoyin

ta’addanci na duniya, ciki har da }ungiyoyin Abu Nidal, da ta Jihadin

Falas]inawa, da ta Hamas, da kuma ta Hizballah.

A tsakiyar shekarun In the 1990, }asar ta Sudan ta kasance dandalin gudanar da

tarurruka, da mafaka da kuma sansanin horar da dakarun }ungiyoyin ta’addanci na

duniya, irin su al-Qa’ida. An bai wa Usama bin Laden mafaka, har ta tsawo

shekaru biyar, a {asar Sudan, har saida gwamnatin }asar ta Sudan ta kore shi, a

shekarar 1996. {asar ta Sudan ta janye taimakon da take bai wa }ungiyar ta al-

Qa’ida, amma, har yanzu, a akwai ~ur~ushin }ungiyoyin ta’addancin al-Qa’ida da

ISIL, dake numfasawa, a }asar ta Sudan, har ya zuwa shekarar 2015. {asashen

Amirka da Sudan, sun ha]a hannun }alubalantar duk wani tashin hankalin

}ungiyoyin al-Qa’ida da ISIL, a shekara 2015, abinda ya ha]a da yin amfani da

hanyoyin kawarwa, da kuma fitar da su, daga cikin }asar.

A shekarar 2014, an bar dakarun }ungiyar ta Hamas da su tara ku]a]e, da tafiye-

tafiye, da ma zama a cikin }asar ta Sudan. Amma, a shekarar 2015, yin amfanin da

dakarun ta’addancin Falas]inawa ke yi da }asar ta Sudan sai ya fara sukurkucewa.

Makaman da aka san cewa an kai, ba su wuce na KLOS-C, na }asar ta Isra’ila ba, a

shekarar 2014.

A cikin watan Yunin 2010, an yanke wa wa]ansu ‘yan }asar Sudan, su hu]u,

hukuncin kisa, domin sun kashe jami’an ofishin jakadancin {asar, biyu, a ranar 1

ga watan Janairun 2008, suka kuma tsere daga Babban Kurkukun

Birnin Khartoum, mai suna Kober. A wannan watan ne gwamnatin }asar ta Sudan

ta tabbatar da cewa, sun sake kame ]aya daga cikin wa]anda aka yanke wa

hukuncin, su hu]u, kuma an kashe ]aya daga cikinsu, a {asar Somalia, a watan

Mayun 2011. Wanda aka sake kamewar yana nan, a gidan kurkukun na Kober, har

ya zuwa watan Disambar 2015, amma, har ya zuwa yanzu, ana tu}a ]aukaka }arar

hukuncin da aka yanke ma su. Amma, har ya zuwa }arshen shekara, ba a san inda

sauran biyun suke ba, kodayake, ana ra]e-ra]in an kashe ]aya, a }asar Somalia, a

cikin watan Nuwambar 2015.

SYRIA

An bayyana {asar Syria da kasancewa cikin {asashen Dake Taimaka wa

Ta’addanci, a shekarar 1979, kuma gwamnatin Asad, na ci gaba da taimaka wa

}ungiyoyin ta’addancin dake tayar da hankula, a siyasance, a yankin, duk da tashin

hankalin dake gudanar a cikin }asar. Gwamnatin na ci gaba da taimaka wa

}ungiyar Hizballah da makamai da harkokin siyasa, kuma tana ci gaba da barin

}asar Iran, ta sake bai wa }ungiyar ta’addanci makamai. Dangantakar gwamnatin

Asad da }ungiyar Hizballah da kuma }asar Iran, sai }ara dan}o take yi, a shekarar

2015, yayinda ake ci gaba da tashin hankalin }asar ta Syria. Har yanzu, Shugaba

Bashar al-Asad ne, babban mai kare manufofin }asar Iran, yayinda }asar ta Iran ke

nuna duk wani }o}arin taimakon da gwamnatin ta Syria ke yi, na wargaza ‘yan

hamayyar }asar ta Syria. Bayanai, game da tallafa wa }ungiyoyin ta’addanci,

musamman }ungiyar Hizballah, kan kasance a cikin jawabai da sanarwar

gwamnatin Syria.

Fiye da shekaru goma, gwamnatin }asar Syria, ke taka muhimmiyar rawa, wajen

}aruwar yawan }ungiyoyin ta’addanci a }ssar ta Syria, ta hannun gwamnatin

Asad, kamar su }ungiyar al-Qa’ida da sauran dakarun }ungiyoyin ta’addancin da

suka tabka ta’asa, a rikicin {asar Iraq. {asar Syria, ta kasance dandalin dakarun

}ungiyoyin ta’addanci, na shekaru da dama; kuma gwamnatin ta Syria, na sane da

duk wani taimakon da ake bayarwa, na zirga-zirgar masu tsauraran ra’ayoyi, na

tsawon shekaru, ta cikin }asar ta Syria ya zuwa }asar Iraq, domin a kafa wata

rundunar ha]in gambiza. Wa]annan ha]a]]un }ungiyoyi, na daga cikin masu

tsauraran ra’ayoyin dake tayar da hankula, cikin har da }ungiyar ISIL, wadda ke

barazana ga jama’ar }asashen Syria da Iraq, a cikin shekarar 2015, da ma – ga

sauran }ungiyoyin ta’addancin dake cikin }asar ta Syria – game da ci gaba da

janyo hankalin dubban dakarun ta’addanci, ga }asar ta Syria, a shekarar 2015.

Wannan yanayin ya bar }ungiyar ta ISIL, tana }ulle-}ulle, ko taimaka wa duk

wani harin da za a kawo, daga waje, zuwa }asashen Libya, da France, da Lebanon,

da Yemen, da Saudi Arabia, da Masar, da kuma {asar Amirka.

Bayan }wararan dabarun kan iyaka, a wannan shekarar, gwamnatin ta nuna cewa,

ita kanta }asar ta Syria, na fama da ta’addancin dake ruruta duk wata gabar abokan

hamayya a matsayin “ta’addanci.”

Manufofin gwamnatin Asad, na damun harkokin samun ku]a]en ‘yan ta’adda.

Masana harkokin masana’antu sun bayar da rahoton cewa, ana gudanar da kashi

60, cikin 100, na ]aukacin duk wani kasuwanci ne da tsabar ku]a]e, sai kuma

kashi 80, cikin 100, na dukan jama’ar }asar ta Syria, ba su amfani da bankuna.

Duk kuma wata dokar ta }asar ta Syria ba ta bukatar masu canja ku]a]e su samu

wani lasisi, har ya zuwa }arshen shekarar 2007, domin, da dama suna gudanar da

ayyukansu ne, babu }a’ida, a mafi fa]in kasuwar bayan fagen }asar ta Syria, ana

kuma }iyasta wannan hada-hadar ku]a]en, ta kai yawan ta tattalin arzikin }asar ta

Syria. Sana’ar hawala, a yankin, (watau hada-hadar musayar ku]a]en kasuwar

shunku, da aka saba yi, a wajen harkokin ku]a]en gwamnati), na da cu]anya da

harkokin fasa }wauri, da kuma sama-da-fa]in ku]a]e, kuma wa]ansu lalatattun

jami’an aikin kwastan da na shige da fice ne, ke taimakawar ake yi. Wannan ya

kawo damuwar cewa, wa]ansu jami’an gwamnatin ta Syria, da manyan ‘yan

kasuwa, na da hannu a cikin cibiyoyin harkokin ku]a]en ‘yan ta’addar.

{asar Amirka ta kasa tantance ko }asar ta Syria, na yin aiki da haramcin Babban

Taron Makamai Masu Guba, (CWC). {asar Amirka, ta gano cewa, }asar ta Syria

na nanata yin amfani da makamai masu guba, a fakaice, kan jama’ar }asar ta Syria,

a kowace shekara, tun lokacin da aka zartar da Babban Taron, don haka, tana keta

haddin sanya hannunta, a }ar}ashin Shara]in na I, na Yarjejeniyar ta CWC. Bugu

da }ari, {asar Amirka, ta gano cewa, }asar ta Syria, ba ta bayyana duk wani

shirinta na makamai masu guba ba, wanda Shara]i na III, na Yarjejeniyar ta CWC

ya bukata, kuma, mai yiwuwa, }asar ta Syria, na ri}e da makaman ne, kamar

yadda yarjejeniyar ta CWC ta shimfi]a. amma, har yanzu, ana nan, ana neman

tantance ha}i}ani da kuma cikakken alwashin na }asar ta Syria, bisa ga

yarjejeniyar wannan al’amari.

Sashi Na 4: {alubalen Ta’addancin Miyagun Makamai ko Nukiliya (CBRN) Na

Duniya

OFISHIN {ALUBALANTAR TA’ADDDANCI DA YA{AR TSASURARAN

RA’AYOYI

Rahoton Yanki Kan Ta’addanci Na Shekarar 2015

Rahoto

SASHE NA 4

{ALUBALEN TA’ADDANCIN MIYAGUN MAKAMAI KO NUKILIYA

(CBRN) NA DUNIYA

Haramta ya]uwar miyagun makamai, da nukiliya, (CBRN), na daga cikin manyan

abinda {asar Amirka ke bai wa fifiko, a cikin manufarta, ta harkokin tsaron }asa.

A cikin shekaru goma da suka wuce, an lura da wannan ya]uwar, wadda, dole, mu

}ara lura da hana }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda, daga samun dama da kuma makamar yi

da bun}asawa da kuma samun haramtattun makaman masu guba, CBRN. Don

haka, ana }arfafa himmarmu, ta }alubalantar ta’addanci, ta hanyar mayar da

martini ga shirye-shiryen hana ya]uwarsu, da nufin ragewa ko kawar da sinadaran

ha]a miyagun makaman (CBRN), da kuma ajiyarsu, ga kowace }asa; da hana

kautar da sinadarai da kuma }warewar yin amfani da su, ba bisa }aida ba; da

rigakafin fasa }waurin makaman na CBRN, da abinda ya shafi sinadaran yin su.

Yayinda ake }o}arin tanadar sinadaran na CBRN, }asashen fa]in duniya, sun

samu gagarumar nasara, kuma ana ci gaba da hana yin amfani da irin wa]annan

sinadaran, ba bisa }a’ida ba.

Sinadaran, na CBRN da }warewar yin amfani da su, na daga irin barazanar da ‘yan

ta’adda ke yi, na samu da ingantawa, da kuma yin amfani da wa]annan sinadaran;

kuma irin rauni da illar da wa]annan makaman ke iya yi; da sawwa}a samun

bayanai game da irin yadda ake hada-hadarsu; da kuma hanyoyi biyu, na duk wata

fasahar da kuma sinadaran da ake da su. Kamar wannan }alubalen ta nuna, mun yi

imanin }ungiyar ISIL ce ke da alhakin irin hare-haren da ake kai wa, da makamai

masu garin hodar farar wuta, (sulfur), a }asashen Iraq da Syria, ciki har da harin

makamin mai farar wuta, a garin Marea, a ranar 21 ga watan Agustar 2015. Bisa ga

irin yadda aka fahimci take-taken }ungiyar ta ISIL, tana da makaman na CBRN,

kuma {asar Amirka, ta dage, wajen fasa su, da kuma hana wa }ungiyar ta ISIL da

ma (sauran ‘yan baranda), samun makaman na CBRN.

{awayen duniya, da dama, suna da masaniya, ko fahimtar musabbabin

}alubalantar barazanar ta makaman CBRN, a hannun ‘yan ta’adda, da sauran ‘yan

baranda. {ungiyoyi da tsare-tsare sun nuna damuwarsu, game da yin amfani da

miyagun makaman, a tarurruka, da kuma sharu]]a, na duniya, domin ragewa ko

kuma kawar da duk wani ]imbin sinadarai; da kula da yadda ake samun hanyoyi

biyu, na fasahar cinikin wa]ansu kayayyaki, na musamman; da umurtar kowace

}asa, kan kafa dokokin yin amfani da su, ciki har da na hukunce-hukuncen laifuka;

da bayar da taimakon haramta yin amfani ko kuma yin barazana da yin amfani da

su. Tsare-tsare da shirye-shirye kan harkokin makaman nukiliya da kuma masu

haya}in dake }ona fata, na mayar da hankali game da tabbatar da yin amfani da

makamashin na nukiliya, a wajen zaman lafiya da fasaha, da kare yin amfani da

makamashin da kuma }warewar kautar da shi, da }alubalantar fasa }waurin

makamashin miyagun makaman. {asar Amirka, kan bayar da shawarwari da kuma

taimakon ku]a]e, da horo ga }asashen }awaye, don taimaka wa }arfafa }arfin

}o}arin karewa da kuma samun }warewa da fasaha da kuma makamashin na

miyagun makaman CBRN. Ruwa da tsaki, da kuma gudunmawa {asar Amirka ke

bayarwa, ga wa]annan }ungiyoyin, na da muhimmanci, wajen tabbatar da ci gaban

kariyar lafiyar barazana da illolin wa]annan makaman na CBRN.

Shirin Tsare Yawaitar Makamai (PSI): Shirin na PSI, wanda aka }addamar a cikin

2003, ya }ara wa }asashen duniya }aimin magance duk wata matsalar da ta shafi

fasa }waurin sinadaran da suka shafi makaman }are-dangi, WMD, da inda ake

samunsu. Wannan shiri na PSI, yana da muhimman hanyoyin }o}arin da duniya

ke yi, wajen magance safarar sinadaran CBRN, a }asashe da hannun ‘yan barandan

dake ya]a su. Ya zuwa ranar 31 ga watan Disambar 2015, }asashe 105 suka sanya

hannu, kan Sharu]]an Hukuncin Shirin na PSI, wa]anda suka bayyana duk wani

}o}arin da ake yi, da kuma dagewar hukumomin shari’ar duniya, da ma wa]ansu

dokokin na duniya, game da goyon bayan }o}arin dakatar da fasa }waurin samar

da sinadaran makaman na }are-dangi, WMD da makamantansu.

Shirin Haramta ‘Yin Ta’addanci Da Haramtattun Makama (GICNT): Shirin na

GICNT, wanda }asashen Amirka da Rasha ke jagoranta, wani ha]in gwiwa ne, na

}asashe 86, da manyan jami’an kula da shirin, har biyar, da suka dage kan }arfafa

wa kowa da ma }ungiyoyi, hanawa, da mayar da martini da bincikar duk wani

ta’addanci da makaman nukiliya. Masu ha]in gwiwar sun tattaru kan harkoki da

al’amurran da suka fi dacewa, da kuma irin darussan da aka koya, game da yawan

tsaron makaman na nukiliya da kuma al’amurran da suka shafi ta’addanci. Ya

zuwa }arshen shekarar 2015, masu }awancen sun gudanar da harkoki fiye da 75,

da kuma manyan tarurruka har tara, domin goyon bayan manufofin tsaron

makaman na nukiliya. A 2015, akwai wa]ansu ayyuka, har tara, na bun}asa

musayar muhimman ayyuka, game da batutuwan binciken harkokin nukiliyar, da

idanu ba su gani, da kuma bincikar al’amarin makaman na nukiliya, da ma zaman

ko-ta-kwana, da mayar da martani.

{ungiyar Mayar da Martanin Nukiliya (NTRG): Ita }ungiyar ta NTRG, wata

}ungiyar wucin-gadi ce, mai mayar da hankali ga gudanar da ayyukan da {asar

Amirka ke yi, game da duk abinda ya shafi fasa }waurin makaman nukiliya da

masu }ona fatar jiki, ciki har da alamun }onar jikin dake faruwa a wa]ansu

}asashe. Dukan ma’aikatan }ungiyar ta NTRG, na ha]a hannu da gwamnatocin

}asashen waje, wajen dates fasa }waurin kayayyain na nukiliya, da gurfanar da

wa]anda abin ya shafa, da kuma inganta bayanai, game da duk wata barazanar da

ta shafi fasa }waurin kayayyakin nukiliyar, ciki har da }o}arin ‘yan fasa }waurin

da ‘yan ta’adda. Gwamnatin {asar Amirka, ke shugabancin }ungiyar ta NTRG,

wadda ta ha]a da wakilai daga }ungiyoyin hana ya]uwa, da tilasta bin dokoki, da

kuma binciken asirin ~ore, na gwamnatin Amirka.

Shirin {alubalantar Fasa {waurin Makaman Nukiliya (CNSP): Kare samun

miyagun sinadaran makaman nukiliya da makaman dake }ona fatar jiki, a

hannuwan da ba su dace ba, kafin su kai hannun ‘yan ta’adda ko sauran ‘yan

baranda, na daga cikin manyan al’amurran da hukumar tsaro ta {asar Amirka da

sauran }awayen Amirka ke yi. Bisa ga yin amfani da gurajen tara ku]a]en

hukumar CNSP, gwamnatin }asar ta Amirka, na gudanar da wata ji~inta, da kuma

wa]ansu shirye-shirye, ga manyan gwamnatoci, domin bun}asa }o}arinsu, na

}alubalantar fasa }waurin makaman nukiliya. Wata yarjejeniyar “{wa}}waran

Shirin Ha]in Gwiwar” ~angarorin biyu, tare da gwamnatocin }awaye 13, suna

ingantawa da kuma aiwatar da wa]ansu dabarun da suka gano, na }awancen

magancewa da kuma mayar da martini ga duk wani }o}arin fasa }waurin

makaman na nukiliya da masu }ora fatar jiki. Bisa ga wani ~angare na

yarjejeniyar, {asar Amirka, ta dage kan ro}on kanta da sauran }asashen dake

bayar da gudunmawa, da su magance bukatar dake akwai, bayan }arfin }awancen

da }asashen ke da shi. A 2015, gudunmawar }asashen waje fiye da dolar Amirka

miliyan 75, ta aiwatar da wannan Shirin Na Ha]in Gwiwar Dabarun da Aka Gano.

A ]aukacin lokuttan tarurrukan }ara wa juna ilmin, da kuma sauran ayyuka,

Gwamnatin {asar Amirka ta yi amfani da asusun tara ku]a]en na hukumar ta

CNSP, wajen aiwatar da ha]a]]un sharu]]an tilasta bin dokokin, da na binciken

bayanan sirri, da }arfin fasahar }alubalantar fasa }waurin makaman na nukiliya.

Mafi yawa, hukumar ta CNSP, ta fi goyon bayan fiye da }asashe 20, dake aiwatar

da manufofi, ciki har da na kai farmakin hana fasa }waurin makaman na nukiliya,

da inganta dabarun gano bayanan da idanu ba su gani, da kuma inganta nasarar

gurfanar da ‘yan fasa }waurin, yayinda }awayen za su taimaka wajen hana kan

tsaron kan iyakoki, da yanki, domin }alubalantar fasa }waurin nukiliya.

Shirin Kula da Harkokin Saye da Sayarwar da Tsaron Kan Iyakoki (EXBS): Ta

hannun wannan shirin ne na EXBS, gwamnatin {asar Amirka ta jagoranci wani

}o}arin hukumomi, na }arfafa nacewa bi diddi}in duk wa]ansu matsalolin

yalwatar makamai, ta hanyar taimaka wa gina wata }wa}}warar dabarar }asa,

domin kula da duk wata harkar da ta shafi kan iyaka, a }asashen dake samarwa da

kuma wadata muhimman kayayyaki, kazalika da manyan hanyoyin shige da fice da

kuma safarar su. Shirin na EXBS, na ha]a hannu da }asashen }awaye, har 67,

domin inganta }arfin }asashen dake kula da harkokin cinikin wa]ansu kayayyaki,

na musamman, da kuma magance safararsu, ba bisa }a’ida ba, da za su iya sanya a

yawaita yawan makaman; da bincia }azamiyar hanyar fasa }waurin wa]annan

kayayyaki na musamman, a tsakanin tashohin shige da ficen }asashe, ta hanyar

munanan hanyoyin safara; da bincike da kuma gurfanar da wa]anda suka karya

dokokin da sharu]]an ciniki; da kakkafa wa]ansu manufofi, da }wararru, masu

]orewa, a taron na yarjejeniyar haramta ya]uwar makamai, na duniya, da ma

aiwatar da manyan dabarun kula da harkokin ciniki.

A 2015, shirin na EXBS ya aiwatar da harkokin }awance, na yanki da duniya, har

300, wa]anda suka shafi }asashe fiye da 55, dake ke bun}asawa da aiwatarwa da

kuma tilasta yin aiki da duk wa]annan manyan dabarun na kula da harkokin ciniki.

Wa]annan ayyukan, sun inganta himmar da }asashen }awayen ke da ita, ta

magance safarar duk wa]ansu kayayyakin aikin dake harshen damo, kan makamin

nukiliya da ma sauran makaman da ke bayar da gudunmawar ya]uwar miyagun

makaman, ko ta’addanci, ko kuma rashin zaman lafiyar yanki. Shirin na EXBS ya

kuma }ara abkawa cikin duk wani }o}ari, na magance fasa }waurin makaman na

}are-dangi, WMD, ta hanyar inganta tsaron kan iyakoki, wanda a 2015, ya wadata

}asashe 52, da }wararan kayayyakin aikin bincike da tantancewa, da kuma horo

kan yin aiki da su, kazalika da }o}arin ganowa, da hanawa, da kuma dates

miyagun kayayyakin fasa }waurin makaman dake }ona fatar jiki, da kuma na

nukiliya, sai kuma kayayyakin harha]a makaman na WMD, da sauran abubuwan

dake da dangantaka da makaman, ta sama da }asa da ruwa, ko ma ta jiragen }asa.

Shirin na EXBS, ya ha]a hannu, ga kuma amincewar sashen DoD, na Shirin

{alubalantar Ya]uwa da Rage Barazana Ha]in Kai; da Shirin Tsaron Akwatunan

Kayayyakin DHS, da Ma’aikatar Shirin Haramtawa da Kula da Hada-hadar

Ya]uwar Makamashi ta Duniya, (INECP), da Fasa {waurin Nukiliya, da kuma

Shirin Gurfanar da Masu Laifi, (NSDD), wanda (a da shine ]ayan Shirin Harkokin

Tsaro); da kuma Ma’aikatar Taimaka wa Ya}ar Ta’addanci da Miyagun {wayoyi,

da tsare-tsaren Tilasta Bin Dokoki, ta Duniya, kazalika da sauran tsare-tsaren masu

bayar da gudunmawa a duniya.

Shirin na EXBS, yana cika alkwarin duk wani muhimmin }o}arin da {asar

Amirka da sauran al’ummar duniya ke yi, na taimaka wa }asashen wajen cika

alkawarin yarjejeniyar da suka sanya wa hannu, ciki har da wa]anda suka shafi

Yarjejeniyar Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar [inkin Duniya, ta 1540, ( ta 2004), da

yin aiki da sharu]]an da suka shafi }a’idodin al’amurran saye da sayarwa a

duniya.

Shirin Bincike da Gurfanar da Masu Laifin Fasa {waurin Nukiliya

(NSDD): Ma’aikatar Makamashin Gudanar da Ayyukan Nukiliya ta {asa ta

Amirka, da Shirin Bincike da Gurfanar da Masu Laifin Fasa {waurin Nukiliya,

(wanda, a da, aka fi sani da Aikin Tsaro na Biyu), na ha]a hannu da }asashen

}awaye, domin wadata kayayyakin gano iskar dake }ona fatar jiki, da abinda ya

shafi horarwa, da kuma daidaita bayar da taimakon inganta }arfinsu, na hanawa, da

datse haramtacciyar safarar wa]ansu kayayyakin nukiliya, na musamman, da

sauran kayayyakin makaman dake }ora fatar jikin da ba su da }a’ida. Shirin na

NSDD, na taimaka wa }asashen }awance, wajen gano gine-ginen dake ]auke da

sinadarin nukiliya, wanda ya zo daidai da illar barazanar yanki, da kuma wa]ansu

kayayyakin, na musamman, na }asa, da ma, a cewar masana, kan iya ha]a wa da

kayayyakin fasahar wa]anda suke kafaffu, ko wa]anda ke kan hanya, ko wa]anda

ke ri}e, game da gano iskar dake }ona fatar jiki, a tsallaken kan iyakar }asa, da

filayen jiragen sama, da tashoshin jiragen ruwa, da ma wa]ansu wuraren na cikin

}asa. Ayyukan shirin na NSDD, na ~angaren }arin }arfi, tare da suaran }asashen

duniya, kan tsare makaman nukiliya, na taimaka wa irin su Hukumar {asashen

Turai da kuma Hukumar Kula da Makamashin Nukiliyar ta Duniya.

Shirin Rage Barazana a Duniya (GTR): An kafa shirin ne, na GTR, da nufin hana

‘yan ta’adda samun }warewa kan kayayyakin makamai masu guba, CBRN, da

fasaha, da kuma mayar da hankali kan manyan }asashen dake ke samun babbar

barazanar ya]uwar makaman na CBRN, ko ta’addancin makaman }are-dangi

WMD. Dangane da janyo masana kimiyya da injiniyoyi, tare da }wararrun shirin

na CBRN, da ma tsare duk wa]ansu kayayyakin da ji~anci haka, shirin na GTR, na

ro}on da aka hana wa ‘yan ta’adda, damar sani ilmi, ko kayayyakin aikin, ko ma

fasahar da za a kai su ga yin amfani da makaman na CBRN, wajen kai hari ga

}asar ta Amirka, da sauran Kadarorin duniya. A 2015, shirin na GTR ya runtuma

wajen janyo hankalin }asashe, da yankuna, game da illolin yawaita da kuma

ta’addanci, da ma }in yun}urawar da ta dace, domin magance duk wata barazanar

da za ta taso, ga shirin na makaman CBRN.

Shirin Babban Taron Tantauna Magance Makaman {wayoyin Cuta na Duniya

(BWC): Taron watan Disambar 2011, na shirin na BWC, ya amince da shirin yin

aiki, da nufin }arfafa }arfin }asashen duniya, game da hanawa, da kuma

bincikawa, da mayar da martini ga ya]uwa, ko yin amfani da makaman dake

]auke da }wayoyin cuta, ya-Allah a hannun wata }asa ne, ko hannun wani ]an

baranda. A 2015, {asar Amirka, ta ci gaba da }o}arin wannan al’amarin, domin

samun cikakkun bayanai game aiwatarwa, da ma inganta irin wa]annan

sharu]]an, na shirin na BWC, domin bun}asa haramta yin amfani da irin

wa]annan miyagun makaman; da bun}asa ]orewar haka, da }o}arin fuskantar

]akunan gwaje-gwajen }wayoyin cuta masu ha]ari; da wayar da kan }asashen

duniya, game da bukatar daidaita duk wani hasashen yin amfani da kayayyakin

kimiyyar binciken rayuwa, masu harshen damo, dake da wata illa; da ma ganowa

da kuma magance duk wani cikas ga harkokin ha]in kan }asashen duniya da

mayar da martini, koda ‘yan ta’adda sun kawo hari da irin wa]annan makaman, ko

kuma wata gagarumar cuta ta ~ar}o, da ba a san kanta ba.

{ungiyar Haramta Makamai Masu Guga (OPCW) da {ananan {ungiyoyin (SWG)

Masu Zaman Kansu: An kafa }ananan }ungiyoyin na SWG, da ma Masu Zaman

Kansu, (NSAs) ne, a cikin watan Oktobar 2015, a }ar}shin {ungiyar OPCW, a

}ar}shin {ungiyar Kawo {arshen Ayyukan Ta’addanci, (OEWG-T), tare da nufin

tantauna duk wata zimma da kuma gabato da duk wata shawarar da Ofishin

Gudanar da Dabaru, da ma ~angarorin gwamnatoci za su iya aiwatarwa, domin

magance duk wata barazanar da }ungiyoyin na NSAs za su kawo. {ananan

}ungiyoyin na SWG, suna mayar da hankali kan al’amurra uku, da suka shafi

}ungiyar ta NSAs da ma ta’addancin makamai masu guba kamar haka:

Hanawa (misalin tsaron magunguna;

Mayar da martini (misalin Sharu]]an hukumar CWC, na X, game da

taimakawa da kuma karewa da ma bincikar duk wani zargin yin amfani da

makaman); da ma

Bin diddi}in dokokin }ungiyoyin na NSAs, dangane da Babban Taro Kan

Makamai Masu Guba da kuma sauran dokokin duniya.

{asar Amirka na goyon bayan }ungiyar ta SWG, kuma ta wadata duk wani

bayanin a za a yi wa }wararru, a tarurruka, da dama, ya zuwa yau. {ungiyar ta

SWG, da ma ta OEWG-T, na da muhimmancin magance duk wata }alubalen da

‘yan barandan za su gabatar.

Sashe Na 5: Ma~oyar ‘Yan Ta’adda (Ci Gaban Rahoto Na 7120)

OFISHIN YA{AR AYYUKAN TA’ADDANCI DA MUR{USHE TARZOMAR

MASU TSAURARAN RA’AYOYI

Rahoton Yanki Kan Ta’addanci Na 2015

Rahoto

Sashe Na 5

Mafakar ‘Yan Ta’adda (A cikin Rahoto Na 7120)

Mafakar ‘yan ta’adda, da aka bayyana a cikin rahoton, ta ha]a da inda babu

gwamnati, da inda ba ta da tasiri, ko kuma yankunan da ake nuna rashin adalci, da

‘yan ta’addar suke tsarawa, da shiryawa, da samun ku]a]e, da sadarwa, da ]aukar

dakaru, da zirga-zirga, da gudanar da ayyukansu, ba tare da tsaro ba, domin rashin

isasshen }arfin gwamnatin, ko na siyasa, ko kuma gaba ]aya.

Kamar yadda aka bayyana a sashi na 2656f(d), na Kundi na 22, na Zawarcen {asar

Amirka, mai suna “daular ‘yan ta’adda” ko “daula” wadda ke ware daga }asar da

aka bayyana gwamnatinta a }ar}ashin sashe na 2405(j)(1)(A), na Kundin {arshen

Bayani na 50; sashe na 2371(a), na Kundi na 22; ko sashe na 2780(d), na Kundi na

22 – na }asar dake goyon bayan ta’addanci. Kamar yadda aka nuna, ana samun

wa]annan bayanai game da }asashen Iran, da Sudan, da kuma Syria, a Sashe na 3,

na {asashen Dake Goyon Bayan Ta’addanci.

MAFAKAR ‘YAN TA’ADDA

AFRIKA

Somalia. A 2015, ‘yan ta’adda sun fi amfani da yankunan karkarar kudu maso

tsakiyar {asar Somalia, a matsayin mafakarsu. ‘Yan ta’addan kan tsara, da

shiryawa, da samun ku]a]e, da sadarwa, da daukar dakaru, da horarwa, da kuma

cin karensu, babu babbaka, a wa]annan yankunan, saboda babu isassun harkokin

tsaro, da adalci, da }arfin gwamnati, a dukan wa]annan tukunonin.

{arfin }ungiyar Al-Shabaab, na sake farfa]owa, ya zuwa ga harkokin ta’addanci,

ya samo asali ne, saboda ta yi }o}arin mamaye wani katafaren yankin yankunan

karkara, da hanyoyi, a cikin }asar ta Somalia. A 2015, }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, ta

yi asarar yankunan mafakarta, da dama, a kudu maso tsarkiyar {asar Somalia, mafi

yawa inda suke samun ku]a]e da sauran kayayyakin aikin da }ungiyar ke

}watowa, daga al’umma. Duk da wannan nasarar da ha]a]]iyar Rundunar

Nahiyar Afrika, dake {asar Somalia, (AMISOM), ta samu, ya}in ya ham~are

}ungiyar ta al-Shabaab daga manyan yankunansu na Baardheere da Dinsoor,

amma, sai }ungiyar ta’addancin ta }o}arta kafa sabuwa mafaka, inda take tsarawa

da kuma kai hare-hare kan jami’an gwamnati, da sansanonin rundunar ta

AMISOM, da sauran wuraren dake {asar Kenya, da wa]ansu wuraren dake yakin.

Gwamnatin Tarayyar {asar Somalia, da yankunan harkokin mulkinta, ba su da

}arfi da kuma kayayyakin ya}in da za su cike gurbin harkokin tsaron da aka baro,

lokacin da rundunar AMISOM ta fara aiki, tare da rundunar farar hula, ’yan sa-kai.

Wannan gi~in, ya bai wa }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab damar sake yin walwalar da ta

dace, ta kafa sabuwar mafaka, da kuma sake kutsa kai cikin yankunan da rundunar

ta AMISOM, ta kame, amma, ta kasa ri}ewa.

Kamar yadda aka gani a shekarun d suka wuce, }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, ta yi

amfani da }ananan garuruwan dake Kwarin Kogin Jubba, irin su Jilib da Saakow, a

matsayin sansaninsu. Wa]annan yankunan sun bar }ungiyar, ta ci gaba da samun

galabar bu]a]]un kan iyakokin dake tsakanin }asashen na Kenya da Somalia, da

kuma kai miyagun hare-hare, a tsallake. {asar Kenya na daga cikin wa]anda suka

sha dafin hare-haren ‘yan ta’adda, a tarihi, lokacin da a cikin watan Afrilu, dakarun

}ungiyar al-Shabaab suka kai hari a Makarantar Jami’ar Garissa, inda suka yi

amfani da }ananan bindigogi, da kuma nakiyoyin }unar ba}in-wake, suka kashe

fiye da mutanen }asar ta Kenya 145, wa]anda, mafi yawansu ]alibai ne. Har ila

yau, }ungiyar ta Al-Shabaab, ta yi amfani da }auyukan dake kan mayan hanyoyin

gefen teku, a kudancin {asar Somalia, irin su Kunyo Barow da Tortoroow, domin

kutsa kai cikin yankunan dake wajen dake da yawan jama’a, kamar su Birnin

Mogadishu da Kismaayo. Wa]annan, da ma sauran hanyoyin dake ]aukacin

kudancin }asar ta Somalia, sai suka zama wani sau}i ga }ananan dakarun na

}ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, wajen kakkafa wuraren tare jama’a, domin kar~ar haraji,

da rashawa, daga al’umma. Kodayake }ungiyar ta ci gaba da samun ku]a]e, daga

wa]annan haramtattun sana’o’in sayar da gawayi, da sauran kayayyaki, }ungiyar

ta al-Shabaab ta }ara yawan kar~ar harajin, domin cike gi~in raunin da ta samu,

wajen shiga tashar jirgin ruwa ta Baraawe, a 2014.

Gwamnatin Tarayyar {asar Somalia, ta dage a kan }o}arin }alubalantar

ta’addancin yanki, da nufin toshe damar ta }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, na kafa mafaka,

a {asar Somalia. Kodayake ba a samu yadda ake so ba, a shekarar ta 2015, amma,

wannan }o}arin ya sanya gwamnatin }asar ta Somali, ta samu sarari da kuma

lokacin da ta mayar da hankali ga harkokin tarayya, da kuma inganta harkokin

siyasarta.

A cewar wata majiya mai tushe, da kuma }ungiyoyin NGOs, dake gudanar da

share nakiyoyi, ba a mayar da hankali ga harkokin makaman }are-dangi ba, WMD,

a }asar ta Somalia.

Zangon Yankin Sahara. Akwai yankunan da gwamnati ba ta kula da su ba, ko ba a

kula da su, ko kuma ake nuna wa rashin adalci, a {asar Mali, inda ‘yan ta’adda ke

amfani da su, wajen tsarawa, da shiryawa, da samun ku]a]e, da sadarwa da kuma

]aukar dakaru, da horarwa, da kuma gudanar da harkokinsu, na tsaro, duk da

}uduri da himmar gwamnatin }asar ta Malia, a matsayin }awar Rundunar Kiyaye

Zaman Lafiya ta Majalisar [inkin Duniya, da sojojin {asar Faransa, wajen ya}ar

ta’addanci, a yankin. Gwamnatin {asar Mali, ta sake kakkafa harkokinta na siyasa,

a garurun Timbuktu da Gao, inda wa]ansu jami’an }ananan hukumomi suka sake

dawowa, bakin aikinsu, a 2015. Sojoji, tare da ha]in hannun rundunonin sojojin

Majalisar [inkin Duniya da na {asar Faransa, sun yi rawar ganin kawar da

mafakar ‘yan ta’adda, a {asar Mali.

Gwamnatin {asar Mali, ba ta goyon baya, ko taimaka wa }wararowar ‘yan

ta’addan wa]ansu }asashe, zuwa yankinta, amma, rashin kasancewar gwamnatin

dake kula da wa]annan maka-makan yankunan, da bu]a]]un hanyoyin kan

iyakoki, ya sanya ta kasa rigakafin kutsowarsu.

Gwamnatin {asar Mali ba ta goyon baya, ko barin yawaita, ko kuma hada-hadar

makaman }are-dangi, a ]aukacin yankinta.

KUDU MASO GABASHIN ASIA

Lungunar Teku Na Sulu/Sulawesi. Yawan tsibirai, a Tekun Sulawesi, da kuma

Kar]a]en Sulu, na kawo cikas ga tsare yankin. Ha]in kan ]aukacin }asashen dake

wannan yankin, ya sanya ya {asar Amirka ta fi bayar da }o}ari ga ya}ar

ta’addanci, a yankin. Kodayake }asashen Indonesia, da Malaysia, da kuma

Philippines, sun inganta }o}arin da suke yi, na kula da ]aunin kan iyakokin

ruwansu – ciki har da }o}arin bayar da ku]a]en da {asar Amirka ke yi, na

bun}asa wayar da kan jama’ar dake cikin tekun, kudu da kuma kudu maso

yammacin yankin Mindanao – fa]a]awar da ake yi, tana da wuya. An kuma

fa]a]a yin sintiri, amma, wannan ba shi ba ne maganin al’amarin, kuma akwai

al’adar fasa }wauri da fashi a teku, dake bai wa ‘yan ta’addar mafakar gudanar da

harkoki, ciki har da zirga-zirgar jama’a, da kayayyaki, da kuma ku]a]e. Har yanzu

kuma akwai barazanar sace jama’a, domin samun diyya.

Kudu maso gabashin Asia, kusan bu]e yake, ga haramtaccen fatauci, bisa ga irin

}aruwar da ake samu, dangane da harkokin kasuwanci, a duniya, dake gitta yankin,

kazalika, kasancewar fasa }wauri da ya]uwar }ungiyoyi. Rashin dabarun kulawa

da harkokin kasuwanci, da rashin sharu]]an dokoki, da }arancin dokokin amfani

da ruwan teku, da ma }afin harkokin tsaro, da ~ullowa da sake ~ullar miyagun

cututtuka, da yawaitar halittun shuke-shuken cikin ruwa, ya sanya yankin na kudu

maso gabashin Asia, abin damuwa ga shirin WMD, domin yawaitar hakan da

kuma zirga-zirga. Banda dabarun kula da harkokin cinikin }asashen Singapore, da

Malaysia, da kuma Philippines, wa]anda suka ha]a da kulawa, ta hanya biyu, ko

“]aukacin haka,” babu wata kulawar da ake yi, a kudu maso gabashin na Asia.

Taimaka wa wa]annan }asashen, ga }arfafa dokokin da suka dace, da na duniya,

da kuma }o}arin hari, da kasadar kula da al’amurra, na daga cikin manyan bukatun

Shirin Kulawa da Saye da Sayarwa da Abubuwan da Suka Danganci Tsaron Kan

Iyakoki, a shekaru masu zuwa.

Kudancin {asar Philippines. Yadda tsarin yanayin {asar Philippines yake, wanda

ya malala kan tsibirai har dubu bakwai da 100, da wuya gwamnati ta kula da

]aukacin jama’ar dake dukan yankunan. Amma, ana samun cikakkun nasarori

game da ya}ar ta’addanci, da kuma ka]aice duk wata matsalar yanayi, da kuma

takura duk wata hada-hada ta }ungiyoyin ta’addanci. {ungiyoyin Abu Sayyaf

Group (ASG), da na Jemaah Islamiya (JI), da na Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom

Fighters (BIFF), da sauransu, na nan, a yankunan na Mindanao, musamman,

tsallaken tsibiran Basilan, da Sulu, da kuma Tawi-Tawi. Rundunar Sojan New

People’s Army (NPA), tana nan a dukan fa]in {asar ta Philippines, musamman a

yankunan karkara da kuma tuddai. Ci gaba da matsa lambar da rundunonin tsaron

{asar Philippine ke yi, na kawo wahaloli, amma, ga ta’addanci ya samu natsuwa

da shiryawa, samun ku]a]e, da sadarwa, da ]aukar dakaru, da horar da su, da

kuma kafa sansanoni, a waje.

{asashen Philippines, da Amirka, na da wani gagarumin ha]in kan ya}ar

ta’addanci. A 2015, {asar Amirka ta ci gaba da ha]a hannu da gwamnatin }asar ta

Philippines domin bincikawa, da kuma kula da }ungiyoyin dake goyon bayan

ta’addanci, a }asar ta Philippines. Kafa Rundunar Sojojin Ha]in Gwiwar Wucin-

gadi, a }ar}ashin Rundunar Ya}in {watar Kai, ya kammalu, a cikin watan Yunin

2015, bayan an share fiye da shekaru goma, ana yi. Gwamnatin ta }addamar da

ayyuka, da dama, musamman a Kudancin {asar Philippines, domin ya}ar

}ungiyoyin ASG, da JI, da BIFF, da kuma NPA, da ma gurfanar da wa]anda ake

tuhumu, da }ungiyoyi. A 2015, }asar ta Philippines kuma, ta yi wani tsari, tare da

hukumomin tsaron {asar Amirka, musamman, dangane da mutanen da {asar

Amirka ke nema, ko wa]anda ake zargin ‘yan ta’adda ne.

A watan Nuwamba, }asar ta Philippines ta zartar da wata doka ta Kula da Dabarun

Harkokin Ciniki, (STMA), wadda za ta bayar da damar kulawa da saye da

sayarwa, ta kayayyakin aiki, masu harshen damo. Ya zuwa }arshen shekara, }asar

ta Philippines ta bayar da himmar aiwatar da duk wani shara]in dokar ta STMA,

ciki har da kakkafa ofisoshin bayar da lasisi, dake Ma’aikatar Ciniki da

Masana’antu, da za ta bayar da lasisin da ake bukata, domin harkar saye da

sayarwa, na kayayyakin da ake amfani da su, ta hanyoyi biyu, da kuma na fasaha.

Nasarar da ake samu, ta gaggauta aiwatar da al’amarin ba ta yawa, amma, bisa ga

yawan al’amurra, ciki har da rashin ku]a]e da sakacin rashin aiwatar da dokar ta

STMA a wuri.

GABAS TA TSAKIYA

Masar. Wani yanki na Tuddan Sinai, dake {asar Masar, mafaka ce ga }ungiyoyin

ta’addanci, a shekarar 2015. Gwamnatin {asar Masar, na ganin ta’addanci na ]aya

daga cikin munanan barazanar dake bukatar ]imbin makamai da sojojin da za su

ya}i }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda, na cikin gida da waje. Gwamnatin {asar Masar, na

ci gaba da fa]a]a gangamin kulawa da Arewacin Yankin Sinai, saboda }ungiyar

ISIL, dake Yankin na Sinai, (ISIL-SP), inda ta }addamar da Ya}in ‘Yancin Masu

Shahada, a watan Satumba. An ma rufe Arewacin na Sinai, ga ‘yan yawon

sha}atawa, da manema labaru, da jami’an {asar Amirka, da }ungiyoyin NGOs, a

2015.

{ungiyar ta ISIL-SP, na i}irarin ]aukar alhakin munanan hare-haren da ‘yan

ta’adda ke kai wa, ga sojojin {asar Masar, irin hare-hare nan, bai ]aya, kan ‘yan

sanda da ofisoshin tsaron dake yankin Sinai na Sheikh Zuewid, ranar 1 ga watan

Yuli; da manyan wurare, alal misali, irin su harbor jirgin saman Metrojet, inda

suka kashe fasinjoji 200, da ma’aikata bakwai, a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba.

Ta kuma hannun Shirin Kula da Saye da Sayarwa da Abubuwan da Suka Shafi

Kan Iyakoki, {asar Amirka, ta ha]a hannu da gwamnatin {asar Masar, domin

inganta taron kan iyakokin }asar ta Masar, wajen wadata horo ga jami’an aikin

kwastan, da na ma’aikatar tsaro, da na ma’aikatar cikin gida, da na ma’aikatar

sufuri, da na ma’aikatar harkokin }asashen waje, game da tsaron sararin sama, da

}asa da kuma teku. Bugu da }ari, tun cikin 2009, Asusun Haramta Ya]uwar

Makamai da {wace su, na Gwamnatin Amirka, ke taimaka wa }asar ta Masar, da

kayayyakin binciko miyagun abubuwa, a kayayyaki da kuma jikin fasinjoji,

wa]anda ke iya hango abinda ke cikin motocin dake tafiya, a wuraren da ake

bincikar abinda ya shafi makaman }are-dangi, WMD, da sauran mamakai, da

kuma haramtattun abubuwa.

Iraq. Akwai wani ~angare na {asar Iraq, dake }ar}ashin }ungiyar ISIL, a shekarar

2015, ciki har da garin Mosul. Amma, bayan da }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta }wace wani

makeken yanki na }asar ta Iraq, a 2014, gwamnatin {asar Iraq, ta ri}a samun

nasarori, akai-akai, wajen }wato duk wani yankin da }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta mamaye,

a 2015. Bisa ga taimakon wani Ha]in Kan {asashe 66, na ya}ar }ungiyar ta ISIL,

gwamnatin {asar Iraq, ta sake }wato fiye da kashi 40, cikin 100, na yankunan

}asar ta Iraq, da suka fa]a hannun }ungiyar ta ISIL, ya zuwa }arshen shekarar

2015, ciki har da manyan garuruwa. A watan Afrilu, wani yun}urin da sojojin

}asar ta Iraq suka kai, ya }wato garin Tikrit, ya kuma zuwa }arshen shekara,

]aukacin mutanen kashi 80, cikin 100, da aka kore, sun dawo garuruwansu. A

watan Nuwamba sojojin Peshmerga sun sake }wato garin Sinjar, garin da ya janyo

hankalin duniya, a lokacin bazarar shekarar 2014, lokacin da }ungiyar ta ISIL ta

tabka wata ta’asa, ga al’ummar Yezidi.

Ya zuwa }arshen shekarar 2015, Rundunar Tsaron {asar Iraq, (ISF), tare da

dakarun [ari}ar Sunni, da ‘yan sanda, sun ku~uto wa]ansu maka-makan yankuna

na garin Ramadi, babban birnin Lardin Anbar, da kuma wa]ansu muhimman

wurare.

{ungiyar ISIL ta yi amfani da yankin da ta mamaye, a shekarar 2015, wajen

tanadin garin hodar farar wuta, (sulfur mustard), da }era nakiyoyin IEDs, masu

]auke da hodar chlorine. {asar Amirka tana bayar da himma, tare da }awayenta,

wajen tun~uke wa]annan makaman masu guba, kazalika, da musun da }ungiyar ta

ISIL ta yi, game da mallakar makaman nukiliyar dake ]auke da magunguna, da

}wayoyin cuta, da gubar dake }one fatar jiki, (CBRN), da ma }warewar koyo da

}arfafa }arfin gwamnatocin yankin, wajen ganowa, da tun~ukewa, da kai farkami

kan duk wurin da ake zargin akwai makaman CBRN.

A sakamakon kuma yanayin harkokin tsaron da }asar ta Iraq ke ciki, Shirin Kula

da Harkokin Saye da Sayarwa da Abubuwan da Suka Shafi Tsaron Kan Iyakoki,

(EXBS), ya ]an samu cikas, wajen aiwatar da harkokinsa. Shirin na EXBS, a da,

ya mayar da hankali ga harkokin gwamnatin ta }asar Iraq, game da ingantawa, da

kuma aiwatar da dokoki, da sharu]]an da suka shafi Dokar Hukumar Kulawa da

Dakushe Makaman WMD, ta {asa, Mai Lamba 48, ta 2012, watau (INMA Act),

wajen yin aiki da kuma aiwatar da aiwatar da kulawa da hada-hadar kayayyakin da

aka zayyana, da ma bun}asa }arfin tsaron kan iyakokin }asar ta Iraq, da suka

danganci bincike da gano duk wa]ansu kayayyaki da kuma fasahar da ta shafi

makaman WMD. Amma, wa]annan al’amurran ba su gudana yadda ya kamata.

Maimakon haka, shirin na EXBS, na tantance kayayyaki, da bayar da horon da ya

kamata, ga jami’an tsaro, a wuraren da aka }wato, kwanan nan, domin suna

bukatar cimma irin nasarori da alfanun da aka samu, na sake }wato su, daga

hannun }ungiya ta ISIL.

{asar Amirka da Iraq, sun }arfafa dan}on zumuncin ya}ar ta’addanci da makaman

nukiliya, a watan Satumbar 2014, ta hanyar kawo }arshen shirin kafa “Shirin

Ha]in Gwiwa, tsakanin gwamnatin {asar Iraq da gwamnatin Amirka, dangane da

Ya}ar Fasa {waurin Kayayyakin {era Makaman Nukiliya da Masu {ona Fatar

Jiki.” Wannan tsarin ya bayyana manufar gwamnatocin biyu, na yin aiki tare,

wajen bun}asa }arfin }asar ta Iraq, kan kariya da bincike da kuma mayar da

martini ga fasa }waurin makaman nukiliya, da ma rigakafin hana }ungiyoyin

ta’addanci samu kayayyakin }irar makaman na nukiliya.

Lebanon. Gwamnatin {asar Lebanon ba ta iya tsare dukan yankin }asar ko ma kan

iyakokinta da }asashen Syria da Isra’ila. {ungiyar Hizballah ce ke wanda}a da

mamaye yankunan }asar, ciki har da cibiyoyin tsaron da }asar ta Lebanon ta hana

a kusanta, abinda ya sanya }ungiyar ta Hizballah, ke cin karenta, babu babbaka.

Gwamnati ba ta ]auki wani mataki ba, a 2015, na kwance ]amarar }ungiyar ta

Hizballah, domin wargaza mafakarta, a yankin na }asar Lebanon, ko hana

kwararowar ‘yan }ungiyar ta Hizballah, zuwa }asashen Syria ko Iraq. Sauran

wuraren da ba jin }amshin gwamnati, da kuma wuraren da a killace ba, kan iyakar

}asashen Lebanon da Syria, sun zama makafar ‘yan }ungiyar Nusrah, da na ISIL,

da sauran }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’addan [ari}ar Sunni, a shekarar ta 2015, wa]anda ke

gudanar da harkokinsu, a tuddai, mafi yawa ma, a wuraren da ba a jin }amshin

gwamnati. Gwamnatin ta }asar ta Lebanon, ta sha yun}urawa, wajen kawar da

wa]annan wuraren na fakewa, amma, sai ta koma ga tabbatar da ]orewar }o}arin

sojoji, na kare }asar ta Lebanon, daga ta’addancin }ungiyoyin [ari}ar Sunni.

Falas]inawa da ma sauran }ungiyoyin ‘yan tawaye, na Falas]inawa, na yin amfani

da sansanonin ‘yan gudun hijira, wajen ~oye makamai, da ~oye masu laifin da ake

nema, da wa]ansu aikace-aikace na hare-haren ta’addanci.

{asar Amirka na }arfafa yin aiki da Rundunar Sojojin {asar Lebanon, da ma

Rundunonin Jami’an Tsaro, wajen ya}ar barazanar ta’addanci, a kan iyakar }asarta

da Syria, ta hanyar wadata horo, da kayayyakin ya}i, da makaman ya}ar

ta’addanci.

{asar Lebanon ba ta a cikin }asashen dake hada-hadar kayayyakin }irar makaman

WMD, amma, bu]a]]un kan iyakokinta, ya sa ake amfani da }asar, wajen hada-

hadar miyagun kayayyakin, musamman bisa ga rikicin }asar ta Syria, na cikin

gida. Sashen Injiniyoyin Rundunar LAF, ta ha]a hannu da hukumomin gwamnatin

{asar Amirka, wajen ganowa da kuma rigakafin ya]uwa da kuma hada-hadar

kayayyakin }irar makaman WMD, a kan iyakar {asar Syria.

Shirin Kula da Saye da Sayarwa, da Abubuwan da Suka Shafi Tsaron Kan Iyakoki,

(EXBS), na bayar da horo kan kayayyakin gane dukan abinda za a iya amfani da

shi, wajen }irar makamai masu guba, da nufin dakatar da zirga-zirgar irin

wa]annan kayayyakin ta cikin }asar Lebanon. Har ila yau, shirin na EXBS, na

}addamar da shirin tsaron wuraren kan iyaka, tare da ha]in gwiwar Ma’aikatar

Tsaro, domin }arfafa rundunonin na LAF da ISF, game da tsaron kan iyakoki da

kuma dakatar da duk wani yun}urin ta’asa.

Libya. Bu]a]]un kan iyakokin }asar Libya, da tarwatsatsar rundunar tsaro, da ma

makeken yankin yankin da ake da shi, ya sanya }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda, irin su

Ansar al-Shari’a Benghazi, da Ansar al-Shari’a Darnah, da al-Qa’ida in the Islamic

Maghreb, da al-Murabitoun, da ma ISIL, suka bayar da wurin tamkar daularsu.

Bisa kuma ga rashin himmar gwamnatin }asar ta Libya, wajen tsare kan

iyakokinta, yadda ya kamata, }ungiyoyin ta’addanci suka samu mafaka,

musamman, a garuruwan Sirte, da Darnah, da Benghazi, da kuma Sabratha,

kodayake akwai munanan }ungiyoyin ta’addanci, dake wanda}a, a ]aukacin }asar

ta Libya. Duk da harin da Rundunar Sojojin {asar Libya ta kai a 2014, da nufin

kawar da munanan masu tsauraran ra’ayoyi daga Birnin Benghazi, babu nasarar da

aka samu, ta }wato birnin na Benghazi, daga hanun ‘yan ta’adda. Gwamnati ta

kasa kawar da mafakar ‘yan ta’addar, a }asar ta Libya, a shekarar 2015, kuma ta

kasa hana kwararowar dakarun ‘yan ta’adda, zuwa ciki da wajen yankinta.

Sansanonin ‘yan ta’adda na horarwa da kuma taimaka wa }ungiyoyin dake

]aukacin }asar ta Libya; sai kuma sauran kabilu, da manyan }ungiyoyi, da suke

taimakawa, kodayake, wannan ya nuna mafi yawa saboda samun abin masarufi ne,

ko kuma addini. {asar Libya ta zama wata babbar kafa, kuma wurin zirga-zirgar

dakarun }asashen waje, kan hanyarsu ta zuwa }asashen Syria da Iraq. Akwai ma

alamar dakarun ‘yan ta’adda, na }asashen wajen sun fara dawowa }asar ta Libya,

ko sun gwammace su zauna a }asar ta Libya, domin ya}arta, da }ara nuna

damuwar da }asar ta Libya za ta zama fagen famar munanan }ungiyoyin dake da

tsauraran ra’ayoyi, irin su ISIL.

A 2013, {asar Amirka ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya da gwamnatin {asar Libya,

game da bayar da goyon tarwatsa miyagun makaman da }asar ta Libya ta jibge, a

matsayinta na }asar da ta amince da yarjejeniyar {ungiyar Hana {era Makamai

Masu Guba, (OPCW). {asar ta Libya, ta samu cikakkar nasarar lalata sauran gubar

iskar da aka cika, a sansanonin }irar makamai masu linzami, da na harbor jiragen

sama, a watan Janairun 2014. Har ila yau, }asar ta Libya, ta kammala lalata sauran

hodar guba, a 2013. Amma, }asar ta Libya, tana nan da sauran ]imbin sinadarin

uranium ore, mai kaurin, watau (yellowcake), dake jibge a tsohuwar barikin soja,

dake kusa da garin Sebha, na kudancin }asar. Wannan sinadarin, yana da ha]arin

gaske, wajen zirga-zirga da kuma yawaita shi, saboda nauyin sandu}an dake ]auke

da shi, da kuma bukatar irin ]imbin ]awainiyar da ake yi ma sa, kafin a yi amfani

da shi, wajen }irar makaman.

Yemen. A dukan tsawon shekarar 2015, }ungiyar al-Qa’ida, dake Tsirin

Larabawan Falas]inu, (AQAP) da }ungiyar ISIL, ta }asar Yemen, sun yi amfani

da gi~in harkokin siyasa da tsaron da aka baro, wajen }arfafa sansanoninsu, da

kuma fa]a]a ]aukar dakaru, a cikin }asar. Gwamnatin }asar ta Yemen, daga waje

take gudanar da ayyuka, na tsawon wani lokacin shekarar 2015, wanda ya dushe

duk wani }o}arinta, na mayar da hankali kan ya}ar ta’addanci. {ungiyoyin na

AQAP da ISIL, dake {asar Yemen, suna nuna tashin hankalin na }asar ta Yemen,

na daga cikin rikicin addinin kan iyaka, na }ungiyoyin Sunni da Shia. Ta kuma yin

amfani da wannan rikicin ne, wa]annan }ungiyoyin suka }ara irin goyon bayan da

suke bai wa al’ummar Sunni, da kuma ita }ungiyar ta ISIL, a }asar ta Yemen,

musamman, domin su kame }asar.

{ungiyar ta AQAP ta amfana da wannan rikicin na }asar ta Yemen, a shekarar

2015, ta hanyar fa]a]a zamanta, a kudanci da kuma gabashin larduna. Kafa wata

}wa}}warar dangantakar kabilanci da zamantakewa, a wa]annan yankunan, sai

sanya }ungiyar ta AQAP ta fa]a]a yankin da ta mamaye, a shekarar 2015, ya

zuwa garuruwan Abyan, da Taiz, da ma katafariyar mafakarta, dake tashar jiragen

ruwan Birnin Mukalla. Kutsa kan da }ungiyar ta AQAP ta samu yi, a tashar jiragen

ruwan, ya sanya take }ara samun ku]a]enta. Har ila yau, }ungiyar AQ ta ri}e

garin Aden.

Yayinda }ungiyar AQAP ta mamaye }ungiyoyin ta’addancin ‘yan [ari}ar Sunni,

a }asar, akwai sanannun larduna bakwai, watau wilayat, dake goyon bayan

abubuwan da }ungiyoyin na ISIL ke yi, a lardunan }asar ta Yemen, har 10, ciki har

da Sa’ada, da Sana’a, da al-Jawf, da al-Bayda, da Taiz, da Ibb, da Lahij, da Aden,

da Shahwah, da kuma Hadramawt. Lardunan }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake {asar Yemen,

watau “wilayat”, sun fara nuna mulkin samun goyon bayan kabilun da dakarun na

[ari}ar ta Sunni, dake yankuna guda. Yayinda kuma da, har yanzu, ba a san

}ungiyar ba, dakarunta ba su kai yawan na }ungiyar AQAP, duk da tana ta samun

magoya baya, daga wa]ansu figitattun ’yan }ungiyar ta AQAP, dake }asar ta

Yemen, wa]anda, a da, suke goyon bayan }ungiyar ISIL, dake }asashen Iraq da

Syria. Yayinda kuma }ungiyar ISIL, dake }asar ta Yemen ke nuna takon tayar da

hankula, har yanzu ba ta mamaye wani yanki ba.

Rashin zaman lafiyar harkokin siyasar }asar Yemen, na ci gaba da dakushe

}o}arinta, na kafawa da kuma tilasta bin dabarun kula da harkokin kasuwanci, inda

ta bar }asar, a hannun masu zirga-zirgar hada-hadar kayayyakin }era makaman

WMD.

KUDANCIN ASIA

Afghanistan. Kan iyakar yankunan }asashen Afghanistan da Pakistan, wa]ansu

wuraren da ‘yan ta’adda ke amfani da su ne, wajen kai hare-hare, a }asashen biyu,

domin gwamnatocin }asashen ba su kula da su. {ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’addan dake

}asar ta Afghanistan, irin su al-Qa’ida (AQ), da na Haqqani, da dai sauransu, na

baje kolinsu, a }asashen na Afghanistan da Pakistan. {ungiyar ISIL, ta Khorasan,

(ISIL-K), ta fi zama a }asar ta Afghanistan, amma, ayyukan ha]a]]iyar

}ungiyarta, ya kai har ya zuwa kabilar }asar ta Pakistan, dake yankunan kan

iyakokin }asashen Afghanistan da Pakistan. Gwamnatin }asar Afghanistan, ta yi

fafitikar sake nuna }arfinta, a wa]annan lungunan, inda mafi yawan jama’arsu, ba

su da wata ala}a da cibiyoyin gwamnatin }asa. {asar ta Afghanistan, na ha]a

hannu da duk wani }o}arin {asar Amirka, a ya}ar ta’addanci. Tun lokacin da ya

kama ragamar mulki, a cikin watan Satumbar 2014, Shugaba Ghani, yake ta bin

ha]in gwiwar tsaron kan iyakoki, da gwamnatin {asar Pakistan, ciki har da hasken

dake akwai, ga ha]a hannun rage yawan mafakar ‘yan ta’adda, a ~angarorin kan

iyakokin }asashen biyu.

Har yanzu, sale-salin zirga-zirga da hada-hadar makaman WMD, na damun }asar

ta Afghanistan, domin saboda da bu]a]]un kan iyakokinta, da kuma kasancewar

}ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda. {asashen Amirka da Afghanistan, na ci gaba da ha]a

hannun kammala }ulla dangantakar zumuncin ya}ar ta’addancin makaman

nukiliya, da kuma bun}asa }arfin }asar ta Afghanistan, kan karewa da ganowa, da

kuma mayar da martabi kan duk wani al’amari na fasa }waurin makaman nukiliya.

Gwamnatocin {asar Amirka da Afghanistan, suna kuma ci gaba da ha]a hannun

aiwatar da wata }wa}}warar kulawa da kuma }arfafa harkokin kasuwanci, da

tsaron kan iyakokin }asar ta Afghanistan.

Shirin Kula da Saye da Sayarwa da Abubuwan da Suka Shaf Tsaron Kan Iyakoki,

(EXBS), na bayar da gudunmawar inganta }arfin tsare kan iyakokin }asar ta

Afghanistan, ta hanyar wadata horo ga Hukumar Aikin Kwastan da ‘Yan Sandan

Kan Iyakokin }asar ta Afghanistan. Shirin na EXBS, na kuma tallafa wa duk wata

dangantakar tsakanin kan iyakoki, ta hanyar horar da ma}wabtan Tsakiyar Asia, ta

hannun hukumomin OSCE, da Ofishin Kula da Laifuka da Miyagun {wayoyi, na

Majalisar [inkin Duniya – Shirin Aikin Kwastan Mai Kula da Sandu}an

Kayayyakin Duniya. Domin kuma }ara inganta dabarun gwamnatin }asar ta

Afghanistan, na kula da wayar da kan harkokin ciniki, da darajarsu, shirin na

EXBS na tallafa wa bayar da horo ga wakilan }asar ta Afghanistan, wanda ya ha]a

da wakilan Hukumar Kula da {erar Makamai Masu Linzami, ta {asar

Afghanistan, da Ma’aikatar Ciniki, da kuma Ma’aikatar Harkokin Waje, dake

Cibiyar Kare Harkokin Ciniki ta Duniya, a Jami’ar Georgia.

{asar Amirka na ci gaba da taimaka wa gwamnatin }asar ta Afghanistan, wajen

samun }arfin }wato wa]ansu kayayyakin }era miyagun makamai, dake

sansanonin na }asar ta Afghanistan, da inganta zura idanun ganowa da kuma

bincikar abkuwar duk wani mummunan ha]arin magungunan }era miyagun

makaman, da kuma sanya hannun masana kimiyya da injiniyoyin }asar ta

Afghanista, dake da }warewa kan kayayyaki da kuma makaman na WMD.

Pakistan. A 2015, wani taron dangin }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda, ciki har da na

Haqqani, sun yi }o}arin ~oyewa, da kuma ci gaba da aiwatar da ta’asa, daga

Yankin Harkokin Mulkin Tarayyar Kabilun {asar Pakistan, wani yanki mai tuddai,

a arewa maso yammacin kan iyakokinta da {asar Afghanistan. Wani Shirin {asa,

(NAP), ya yi kira ga gwamnatin da ta “tabbatar da babu wata }ungiyar ta’addanci,

da za ta zauna a }asar,” kodayake, ana ra]e-ra]in shirin na NAP, ba ya daidaita

aiwatar da abinda ya shafi kafofin watsa labarun }asar ta Pakistani. Ya zuwa 2014,

}asar ta Pakistan ta }addamar da wani hari, na kawar da wurin fakewar ‘yan

ta’adda, kodayake, ta’asar dukan }ungiyoyin ta’addancin ba su yi daidai da juna

ba. Gwamnatin ta fara amfani da Jerin Sunayen Masu Ficewa, (ECL), da nufin

hana ‘yan ta’adda, da miyagun mutane, tafiyar }asashen waje. A watannin Agusta,

da Satumba, da ma Nuwamba, gwamnatin ta bayyana nufinta, na tsame dubban

mutanen dake cikin jerin sunayen na ECL, domin an yi kuskure ga sanya

sunayensu. Wa]ansu kuma }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’addan da Majalisar [inkin Duniya

ta zayyana sunayensu, irin su Lashkar e-Tayyiba (LeT), dake da ala}a da }ungiyar

Jamaat-ud-Dawa, da kuma Asusun Falah-e-Insaniyat, sun yi }o}arin kafa

gidauniya da kuma gudanar da gangami, a }asar ta Pakistan. Shugabannin

}ungiyar ta LeT/JuD, Hafiz Saeed, wanda shi ma Majalisar [inkin Duniya ta

zayyana cewa ]an ta’adda ne, ya yi ta fitowa, yana goyon bayan manufofin

}ungiyar, a kafofin watsa labarun }asar ta Pakistan, a tsawon shekarar. A watan

Satumba, Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Gidajen Telebijin da Radiyo, ta {asar

Pakistan, ta hana da a ]auko labarun }ungiyar ta LeT, da duk wata }ungiyar dake

da ala}a da ita, kodayake, }ungiyoyin sun ci gaba da ]aukar dakaru da kuma

gudanar da harkokinsu, a ]aukacin }asar. Duk da takunkumin da aka yi wa

}ungiyoyin na JuD da FiF, a }ar}ashin takunkumin Majalisar [inkin Duniya, a

cikin watan Disamba, gwamnatin }asar ta Pakistan, ta sake jaddada cewa, babu

wata }ungiyar da aka sanya wa takunkumi, a }asar.

Domin kuma magance fasa }waurin kayayyakin da ake }era makaman WMDs, da

su, da kuma kai su wurare, }asar ta Pakistan ta ci gaba da ha]a hannun daidaita

kula da jerin sunayen sinadaran na }era makaman nukiliya, da kamfanonin Nuclear

Suppliers Group, da Missile Technology Control Regime, da ma Australia Group,

kazalika da ]aukar wa]ansu }wararan matakai, irin na }ara yawan sharu]]an

bayar da lasisin sayar da kayayyaki ga waje. Bisa ga wa]annan ci gaban da aka

samu, }asar ta Pakistan ta kafa wata masana’antar cikin gida, domin yin aiki da

sharu]]an, da kuma wata masana’antar, don kai wa ga shirin dabarun sassan

fasaha, wa]anda ke }ayyade musayar bayanai, da wa]annan masana’antun.

Gwamnati ta nemi }awayenta, da su }ara matsar }asar ta Pakistan, bisa ga fa]a]a

gangamin masana’antar, na ta kammala fahimta da kuma aiwatar da dukan abinda

ake bukata, na kula da harkokin saye da sayarwar }asar ta Pakistan, da ma fara

tantaunawar kula da makaman da aka saba da su, da kuma fasahar yin amfani da

sinadaran, ta hanya biyu. Bugu da }arin gangamin masana’antar, }asar ta Pakistan

ta kuma ~ullo da kuma gabatar da jerin harkokin horarwa, na fasaha, ga mutanen

}warai, da gwamnati ta bai wa lasisi, da kuma jami’an tilasta bin dokokin gano yin

amfanin, biyu, da kayayyakin, sosai, da har za a yi amfani da su, wajen }irar

makaman na WMDs, ko wa]ansu hanyoyinsu. Gaba ]aya, }asar ta Pakistan, ta

zama abokiya, ta }warai, dake gabatar da babban }o}arin inganta }arfin kula da

sayar da kayayyakin, ga waje.

{asar ta Pakistan, na da natsuwa da kuma shiga Babban Taron Harkokin Tsaron

Sarrafa Sinadaran Nukiliya, da Shirin Ya}ar ‘Yan Ta’adda ga Yin Amfani da

Makaman na Nukiliya a Duniya, da }arfafa dabarunta na kula da harkokin ciniki,

ciki har da sabunta jerin kayayyakin da za ta ri}a sayarwa a waje. Shirin na EXBS,

ya }ara wa al’amarin gwamnatin {asar Pakistan }arfi, ta hanyar horar da jami’an

Sashen Aikin Kwastan Mai Kula da Dabarun Harkokin Sayar da Kayayyaki Zuwa

Waje, da irin yadda za a kyautata gano dabarun kayayyakin da suka dace. Wannan

horon na gane kayayyakin da kuma babban horon datse aikata laifin, Ma’aikatar

Harkokin Makamashi ce, ta {asar Amirka ta aiwatar da su. Har ila yau, shirin na

EXBS, ya tallafa wa wani ha]in kan yanki, ta hannun dangantakar hana ya]uwar

makaman, da kuma ha]in gwiwar tsare kan iyakoki, da }asar Afghanistan, ta

hannun Ofishin Majalisar [inkin Duniya mai kula da Miyagun {wayoyi da Aikata

Laifuka – Shirin Ma’aikatan Aikin Kwastan Masu Kula da Zirga-zirgar Sandu}ai,

(CCP). A kuma }ar}ashin shirin na CCP, an bayar da horon inganta wa]ansu

dabarun, na kula da sassa a tashoshin jiragen dake tsallaken kan iyakokin

garuruwan Torkham da Jalalabad.

|ANGAREN YAMMACIN DUNIYA

Colombia. Tudu da gangare, da kuma }ungurmin daji, tare da rashin yawan

jama’a, da ma kasancewar gwamnati mai rauni, a tarihi, sune yadda kan iyakokin

}asar Colombia, da }asashen Venezuela, da Ecuador, da Peru, da kuma Brazil,

suke, tun fil-azal, dangane da bai wa }ungiyoyin ‘yan ta’adda mafaka, musamman

{ungiyar ‘Yan Tawayen {asar ta Colombia, watau (FARC), da ta Sojojin {watar

‘Yanci, ta {asa, watau (ELN). Banda matsin lambar da Gwamnatin {asar

Colombia ke sha, daga wa]annan }ungiyoyin, na hana wa wa]annan }ungiyoyin

mafaka, da tottoshe kafofin }o}arin samun ku]a]ensu, da dakushe duk wani

yun}urin da ‘yan ta’addan ke yi, haka ta ke ci gaba da kai hare-haren ya}ar duk

wata himmar ya}ar hare-haren ta’addanci. Bisa kuma ga tantaunawar tabbatar da

zaman lafiyar da gwamnatin ke yi, da }ungiyar ta FARC, da ma batun tsagaita

wuta, har sau biyu, da }ungiyar ta FARC, {asar ta Colombia, ta na samun sau}in

yawan irin farmakin ta’addancin da ake kai ma ta, a shekarar 2015. Duk da

wa]annan nasarorin, da kuma }ungiyoyin ‘yan tawayen, musamman wa]anda aka

fi sani da sunan “Miyagun Bandas”, watau Bandas Criminales, na ci gaba da yin

amfani da bu]a]]un kan iyakokin }asar, da tuddai da ma dazuzzuka, domin

~oyewa, da horarwa da ma nomawa, da safarar miyagun }wayoyi, da gudanar da

ha}ar ma’adinai, ba bisa }a’ida ba, da kar~ar “rashawa”, daga jama’a, da kuma

gudanar da }azaman al’amurra.

Ingancin dangantaka da ma}wabciyarta, watau {asar Ecuador, ya sanya aka samu

}arin ha]in kan al’amurran bin dokoki. Har ila yau, }asar ta Colombia, na ci gaba

da ha]a hannu, da kuma musayar bayanai da Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Kan

Iyakar {asar Panama. Bugu da }ari, {asar Brazil ta fara aiwatar da shirinta, na

Kula da [aukacin Kan Iyaka, a wani yun}uri, na lura dukan kan iyaka, da ma kan

iyakarta, da }asar ta Colombia, kazalika da magance kasancewar duk wata mafaka,

a kan iyakokin na su.

Venezuela. Bu]a]]ar kan iyakar {asar Venezuela da {asar Colombia ke janyo

hankulan Rundunar Dakarun ‘Yan Tawayen }asar ta Colombia, da Rundunar

Sojojin {watar ‘Yanci ta {asa, wa]anda ke amfani da wurin, don ya]a zangon

shige da fice, a yankin. Akwai rahotannin masu tushen dake cewa }asar ta

Venezuela ta ke~e wani yanki, don taimaka wa harkokin sanannun }ungiyoyin

tawayen.

YA{AR TA’ADDANCI KAN TATTALIN ARZIKI

A 2015, gwamnatin {asar Amirka ta sake zayyana sunan wata sabuwar {ungiyar

Ta’addanci ta Duniya, (FTO). Ta kuma yi gyara ga wa]ansu biyu. Bugu da }ari,

gwamnatin ta zayyana sunayen }ungiyoyi, da kuma ‘yan ta’adda 37, a matsayin

‘Yan Ta’adda, na Musamman, a {ar}ashin Dokarta, ta Duniya, (E.O.), ta 13224,

da kuma yi wa guda biyu, kwaskwarima. Gwamnatin ta kuma soke sunayen

}ungiyoyi biyu, da kuma wa]ansu mutane biyu.

Har ila yau, Baitulmalin {asar, ta zayyana sunayen }ungiyoyi da sauran ‘yan

ta’adda, a }ar}ashin dokar ta E.O. mai lamba 13224. Ana iya ganin jerin sunayen

]aukacin ‘yan ta’addan duniya da Baitulmalin Ofishin Kula da Kadarorin

{asashen Wajen }asar ta Amirka ta zayyana, a shafin yanar-gizo mai suna:

http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/SDN-List/Pages/default.aspx.

{ungiyoyin Ta’addancin Duniya A 2015/Dokar {ungiyoyin ta 13224: A ranar 3

ga watan Satumbar, {asar Amirka ta soke {ungiyoyin Ta’addancin Duniya,

(FTO), da zayyanar da ta yi wa {ungiyoyin Tawaye, a ranar 17, ga watan

Nuwamba.

A ranar 29 ga watan Satumban, }asar ta Amirka, ta yi kwaskwarima ga dokar ta

E.O., ta 13224, game da zayyana sunayen }ungiyar ISIL, da amincewa da sunan da

take kiran kanta, na {asar Islama, da kuma yin gyaran rukunin na FTO, a ranar 30

ga watan Satumba. (A duba Sashi na 6, na {ungiyoyin Ta’addancin Duniya, domin

}arin bayani game da }ungiyar ta ISIL).

Ranar 29 ga watan Satumbar, }asar ta Amirka ta zayyana sunan }ungiyar Jaysh

Rijal al-Tariq al Naqshabandi (JRTN), a }ar}ashin dokar ta E.O. mai lamba 13224,

a rukunin na FTO. (A duba Sashe na 6, na {ungiyoyin Ta’addancin Duniya, domin

}arin bayani game da }ungiyar ta JRTN.)

A ranar ta 29 ga watan na Satumbar, }asar ta Amirka, ta kuma yi gyara a rukunin

na FTO da dokar ta E.O., mai lamba 13224, game da sanya sunan }ungiyar Ansar

Bayt al-Maqdis, da kiranta }ungiyar ISIL, dake Lardin Sinai, a matsayin cikakken

sunanta. (A duba Sashi na 6, na {ungiyoyin Ta’addancin Duniya, domin }arin

bayani game da }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake Lardin Sinai Province.)

A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba, }asar ta Amirka, ta soke zayyanar suna da ta yi wa

}ungiyar Dakarun Islama ta {asar Libya, (LIFG), a cikin rukunin na FTO.

Zayyana Sunayen A Dokar ta E.O., mai Lamba 13224 A 2015:

A ranar 14 ga watan Janairu, }asar Amirka ta zayyana sunan Abdallah al-Ashqar, a

matsayin ]an ta’adda. Al-Ashqar shine jagora, kuma ]an kwamitin dakarun

Majalisar Mujahidin Shura, (MSC), dake cikin Birnin Jerusalem. Al-Ashqar ya yi

suna kan sayo makamai masu linzami, da sauran makaman kai hari, a {asar

Isra’ila.

A ranar 9 ga watan Fabrairu, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunan wani ]an {asar Jamus,

mai suna Denis Cuspert, a matsayin ]an ta’adda. An yi zargin Cuspert ne ke

]aukar dakaru da kuma ya]a farfagandar }ungiyar ISIL. An kuma yi zargin kashe

shi, a wani harin da aka kai, ta sama, a kusa da garin al-Raqqah, na {asar Syria, a

watan Oktobar 2015.

A ranar 25 ga watan Maris, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunan Aliaskhab Kebekov,

wanda ke jagorancin }ungiyar ta’addancin dake zaune a Daular Caucasus, ta {asar

Rasha, a matsayin ]an ta’adda, har ya zuwa lokacin da ya mutu, a artabu da

Sojojin {asar Rasha, na Musamman, a watan Afrilun 2015.

A ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunan wani ]an {asar Tunisia,

amma, zaunannen {asar Syria, Ali Ouni Harzi, a cikin sunayen ‘yan ta’addan. Har

ila yau, an sanya sunan na Harzi, a cikin Jerin Sunayen Haramtacciyar }ungiyar

al-Qaida, kan Yarjejeniyar Majalisar [inkin Duniya, UN, mai lamba 1267/1989.

Harzi ya shiga }ungiyar Ansar al-Shari’a, ta {asar Tunisia, (AAS-T), a 2011.

Kuma wani babban jami’i ne, da aka sani, na ]aukar dakarun sa-kai, da fasa

}waurin makamai da nakiyoyi, zuwa }asar ta Tunisia, da ma taimaka wa zirga-

zirgar dakarun }ungiyar ta AAS-T, zuwa }asar ta Syria. An kashe Harzi, a wani

harin sama, da aka kai, a cikin watan Yunin 2015.

A ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunayen Ahmed Diriye da

Mahad Karate, a cikin sunayen ‘yan ta’adda. Diriye ya zama shugaban }ungiyar al-

Shabaab, a watan Satumbar 2014, a sakamakon mutuwar shugabanta, a da, Ahmed

Abdi Godane. Kafin ya kama shugabancin }ungiyar, Diriye ne mataimakin

Godane, kuma mu}addashin gwamnan Kudancin Yankin Juba, kuma gwamnan

}ungiyar ta al-Shabaab, a yankin mashigin yankunan ruwan tekun dake Bay da

Bakool. Ya zuwa shekarar 2013, ya zama babban mai bayar da shawara ga

Godane, kuma shi ke kula da harkokin cikin gidan }ungiyar. Karate kuma ya taka

rawar gani, a sashen le}en asiri na Amniyat, na }ungiyar ta al-Shabaab.

A ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu, }asar Amirka ta zayyana sunayen Christodoulos Xiros

da Nikolaos Maziotis, a cikin sunayen ‘yan ta’adda. Xiros ne babban hauni, a ranar

17 ga watan Nuwamba. A kwanan nan, cikin watan Janairun 2015, ‘yan sandan

{asar Greece suka kama shi, yayinda da ya kai hari a }asar ta Greece, mai yiwuwa

bisa ga }o}arin ku~utar da fursunoni. An yi imanin cewa, a lokacin da aka kama

shi, Xiros na aiki ne, da wata }ungiyar mai suna {ungiyar Harba Makaman

Nukiliya, watau Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei. Shi kuma Maziotis, jagora ne, na

Fafitikar Juyin Juya Halin dake zaune a {asar Greece. A }ar}ashin jagorancinsa

ne }ungiyar ta amsa laifin boma-boman da aka fasa, a cikin watan Afrilun 2014, a

tsakiyar Birnin Athens, a wajen ofisoshin Babban Bankin {asar Greece.

A ranar 28 ga watan Afrilu, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunayen Meliad Farah, da

Hassan el-Hajj Hassan, da kuma Hussein Atris a cikin sunayen ‘yan ta’adda. An

gano Farah da Hassan ne, manyan wa]anda ake zargi da sanya bom, a Birnin

Burgas na {asar Bulgaria, a watan Yulin 20, inda aka yi harin da ya kashe ‘yan

yawon sha}atawa na {asar Isra’ila, su shida. An danganta wannan saka bom ]in,

ga }ungiyar Hizballah. Atris kuma wakilin wani sashe ne, na }ungiyar Hizballah, a

}asashen waje. A 2013, wata kotun {asar Thailand, ta ]aure Atris, na tsawon

shekaru biyu, da watanni takwas, a kurkuku, bisa ga samunsa da laifin mallakar

kayayyakin da ake }era nakiyoyi. Amma, an sake shi, a watan Satumbar 2014,

wanda ake tsammanin yana zaune a {asar Lebanon.

A ranar 25 ga watan Agusta, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunan Abdul Aziz Haqqani,

cikin ‘yan ta’adda. Aziz Haqqani ne babban wakilin Ha]a]]iyar {ungiyar

Haqqani Network, (HQN), kuma ]an uwan jagoran }ungiyar ta HQN, Sirajuddin

Haqqani. Ana shafe shekaru, ana zargin Aziz Haqqani, na da hannu wajen tsarawa

da kuma kai hare-haren nakiyoyi ga wuraren gwamnatin {asar Afghanistan, da

kuma ]aukar nauyin ]aukacin manyan hare-haren }ungiyar ta HQN, bayan

mutuwar ]an uwansa, Badruddin Haqqani.

A ranar 8 ga watan Satumba, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunan wani haifaffen {asar

Lebanon, mai suna Samir Kuntar, a cikin ‘yan ta’adda. An yi zargin a watan

Afrilun 1979, Kuntar na da hannu kan kisan da aka yi wa wa]ansu ‘yan }asar

Isra’ila, biyar, bisa ga }o}arin kashe wa]ansu iyalai na }asar ta Isra’ila, ciki har da

}ananan yara biyu. Wata kotun {asar Isra’ila, ta ]aure Kuntar, da laifin kisan kai;

amma, an sake shi, daga a 2008, lokacin da aka yi musayar fursunoni. Daga bisani,

Kuntar ya sake ~ulla, a matsayin ]aya da cikin manyan masu fa]a-a-jin }ungiyar

Hizballah. Tare kuma da taimakon }asashen Iran da Syria, Kuntar ya taka rawar

gani kan irin ta’addancin da }ungiyar ta Hizballah ke aikatawa, a yankunan

Tuddan Golan. An kuma kashe shi, a ranar 19 ga watan Disambar 2015, a garin

Jaramana, na {asar Syria.

A ranar 18 ga watan Satumba, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunayen wa]ansu ‘yan

}ungiyar Hamas, watau Muhammed Deif, da Yahya Ibrahim Hassan Sinwar, da

kuma Rawhi Mushtaha, a matsayin ‘yan ta’adda. An san irin rawar da Sinwar da

Mushtaha suka taka, wajen kafa rundunar baraden }ungiyar ta Hamas, mai suna

Izzedine al-Qassam. Shi kuma Deif, babban kwamanda ne na Rundunar ta Izzedine

al-Qassam Brigade.

A ranar 9 ga watan Satumbar, }asar Amirka ta sanya sunan wani dakaren }ungiyar

al-Qa’ida, a Arewacin Afrika, Abu Ubaydah Yusuf al-Anabi, a matsayin ]an

ta’adda. A cikin wani faifan bidiyo, na watan Afrilun 2013, al-Anabi ya yi kira ga

munanan masu tsauraran ra’ayoyi, da su yun}ura kai hari ga duk wa]ansu

kayayyakin {asar Faransa, dake duniya, mai yiwuwa domin mayar da martanin

tsoma bakin da }asar ta Faransa ta yi, a {asar Mali.

A ranar 29 ga watan Satumba, }asar Amirka, ta saka sunayen mutane 10, da kuma

}ungiyoyi biyar, dake da ala}a da dakarun ‘yan ta’adda, a }asashen Algeria, da

Indonesia, da Iraq, da Syria, da Turkey, da kuma Yemen:

Rustam Aselderov shine wanda tsohon kwamandan Daular Caucasus, kuma

jagoran }ungiyar ISIL, ta Lardin na Caucasus, (ISIL-CP), a yanzu. Aselderov ya

kauce zuwa Daular ta Caucasus, ya kuma yi rantsuwar bayar da kai ga Abu Bakr

al-Baghdadi, a farkon watan Disambar 2014. Shi kuma kakakin al-Baghdadi ya

amince da rantsuwar, inda har ya na]a Aselderov a matsayin “sarki”, a }ungiyar ta

ISIL-CP.

Haka, ana tuhumar wani ]an }asar Faransa, Peter Cherif, a matsayin dakaren

}ungiyar ta’addancin duniya, kuma wakili ga }ungiyar al-Qa’ida, dake yankin

Mashigin Arabia, (AQAP). An kuma kama shi yana yi wa }ungiyar al-Qa’ida ya}i,

a {asar Iraq (AQI), a kusa da garin Fallujah, a shekarar 2004. An ]aure shi,

tsawon shekaru 15, a Birnin Baghdad, a watan Yulin 2006, bisa ga samunsa da

laifin tsallako kan iyaka. Amma, a cikin watan Maris na 2007, ya ku~uta, ya kuma

gudu zuwa {asar Syria, lokacin da aka kai wani harin ta’addancin da aka fasa

gidan kurkukun birnin Baghdad. An sake kama shi, a }asar ta Syria, inda aka

maido shi {asar Faransa, domin ya yi sar}ar watanni 18. Amma, an yi ma sa

talalar har sai an gama shari’a, sai kuma ya arce zuwa {asar Yemen. An kuma

yanke wa Cherif ]aurin shekaru biyar, duk da baya nan, bisa ga samunsa da laifin

zama wakilin wata }ungiyar ta’addanci.

Shi kuma Tarkhan Ismailovich Gaziyev gasur}umin ]an tashin hankali ne, a

Arewacin Caucasia, wanda aka yi ta samu da hannu a ta’addancin {asar

Chechenya, tun shekarar 2003. A 2007, Gaziyev ya zama kwamandan rundunar

kudu maso yammacin Daular Caucasus, dake }asar ta Chechnya, ya kuma aiwatar

da ]imbin hare-hare. Gaziyev ya raba }ungiyar, a shekarar 2010, ya kuma tafi

{asar Turkey. A halin yanzu yana jagorancin wata }ungiya ne, a {asar Syria, da

aka sani da suna “Tarkhan Jamaat,” wadda ita ma wani ~angare ne, na }ungiyar

ISIL, kuma ya yi ya}i, a yankin Latakia, na {asar Syria.

Shi kuma Boubaker Hakim, ]an {asar Faransa, ya ta~a zama ]aya daga cikin

wakilan }ungiyar Ansar al-Shari’a, ta {asar Tunisia. Hakim ya amsa laifin kashe

wa]ansu ‘yan siyasar {asar Tunisia, a 2013. Yanzu kuma wakili ne, a }ungiyar

ISIL.

Shi ma, Maxime Hauchard, wanda ]an {asar Faransa ne, taho ne daga {asar

Syria, domin shiga }ungiyar ta ISIL in watan Agustar 2013. An gane Hauchard na

daga cikin dakarun }ungiyar ta ISIL, da ya bayyana, a cikin wani faifan bidiyo, na

fille kai, a watan Nuwambar 2014, wanda ya nuna ana fille kawunan ]imbin

sojojin {asar Syria, an kuma nuna inda aka fille kawunan sojojin {asar Amirka da

aka kame.

Shamil Izmaylov kuma, ]an ta’addan {asar Rasha ne, wanda a yanzu ake

gwabzawa da shi, a {asar Syria. Kafin ya je }asar ta Syria, a 2012, Izmaylov ya yi

daffo, a {asar Masar, inda kuma ya kafa cibiyarsa, ta horar da ‘yan ta’adda, a

}asar. A tsakiyar shekarar 2013, Izmaylov ya kafa wani reshe na }ungiyar ISIL,

masu amfani da harshen {asar Rasha, a garin Raqqa, dake da wani sansanin na

dakaru. Bugu da }arin shiga fa]an na {asar Syria, Izmaylov ya jima, yana da

ala}a da Daular Caucus.

Ita kuma wata ‘yar {asar Ingila, Sally Jones, wanda ta baro }asar ta Ingila, zuwa

}asar ta Syria, a 2013, domin shiga }ungiyar ta ISIL, ta kuma shiga cikin dakaru,

domin gwabza ya}in na }ungiyar ta ISIL, tare da marigayin mijinta, Junaid

Hussain. Jones da Hussain sukan kai hare-hare ga sansanonin sojojin {asar

Amirka, ta hanyar buga labarun “ya}in sari-ka-no}e”, a yanar-gizo, domin

bun}asa hare-haren wa]ansu mutane. Jones tana amfani da shafukan yanar-gizo,

wajen ]aukar dakaru, mata, da su shiga }ungiyar ta ISIL. A watan Agustar 2015, ta

bayar da shawarwari ga wa]ansu, bisa ga irin yadda ake }era boma-bomai, a gida,

domin su kai hare-hare kan }asar ta Ingila.

Gulmurod Khalimov, kuma, ]an {asar Tajikistan – wanda tsohon kanar ne, a

sashen hare-hare, na musamman, a }asar ta Tajikistan, kuma kwamandan ‘yan

sanda ne, wanda ke da masaniya kan harkokin soja – zaunannen }asar ne, ta Syria,

wanda yana daga cikin masu ]aukar dakaru da horar da su, a }ungiyar ISIL, dake

{asar Syria. Khalimov ya bayyana, a wani faifai, na farfaganda, da ta tabbatar da

cewa, shi sojan }ungiyar ta ISIL ne.

Ita kuma Emilie Konig, wadda ‘yar }asar Faransa ce, ta yi tattaki zuwa }asar ta

Syria, a 2012, domin shiga da kuma yi wa }ungiyar ISIL artabu. Yayinda take a

}asar ta Syria, Konig ta umurci wa]ansu mutane, a }asar ta Faransa, da su kai hari

kan cibiyoyin gwamnati. A wani faifan bidiyo, na ranar 31 ga watan Mayun 2013,

an nuna Konig tana koyar da yadda ake amfani da makamai, a }asar ta Syria.

Shi kuma ]an {asar Ingila, Nasser Muthana, ya yi tattaki ne, zuwa }asar ta Syria,

aga yankin Cardiff, na {asar Ingila, a watan Nuwambar 2013, domin ya yi wa

}ungiyar ta ISIL ya}i. A watan Yunin 2014, an nuna Muthana, a cikin wani faifan

farfagandar }ungiyar ta ISIL, inda shi, da wa]ansu turawa biyu, suka yi }o}arin

shawo kan wani Musulmi, dake Yamma, da ya shiga wannan ya}in. a cikin

bidiyon, Muthana ya amsa shiga ya}e-ya}en na }asar ta Syria, ya kuma bayyana

}udurinsa, na zuwa }asashen Iraq, da Lebanon, da kuma Jordan, domin ci gaba da

wannan ya}in. Har ila yau, Muthana na amfani da shafukan yanar-gizo, domin yin

barazana ga gwamnatin {asar Ingila, game da dawowarsa, zuwa }asar ta Ingila,

don ya nuna sabuwar bajintar da ya samu, a }asar ta Syria.

Reshen }ungiyar ISIL na Lardin Caucasus, (ISIL-CP), ya zama sabon reshen

}ungiyar, na yanki, a ranar 23 ga watan Yunin 2015, lokacin da kakakin }ungiyar

ta ISIL, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ya saki wani faifan bidiyo, inda ya amince da

barrartar dakarun na yankuna hu]u, na yankunan na Caucasus – Chechnya, da

Dagestan, da Ingushetia, da kuma Kabardino-Balkaria. A ranar 2 ga watan

Satumbar 2015, }ungiyar ta ISIL-CP, ta ]auki alhakin harin da aka kai ga sansanin

sojojin {asar Rasha, a garin Magaramkent, dake kudancin yankin Dagestan, inda

aka kashe, aka kuma raunata sojojin {asar Rasha, da dama. A watan Disambar

2015, }ungiyar ta kuma amince da wani harbin da aka yi, kusa da dandalin ilmi na

Derbent, dake yankin Dagestan, a }asar ta Rasha, inda aka kashe wani mutum, aka

kuma jikkata mutane goma sha ]aya.

Shi kuma reshen Jund al-Khilafah, na {asar Algeria, (JAK-A), wani ~angare ne,

na }ungiyar ta ISIL, dake wanda}a, a {asar Algeria. {ungiyar ta ~ullo ne, a cikin

watan Satumbar 2014, lokacin da wa]ansu kwamandodin }ungiyar AQIM, dake

yankin tsakiya, suka ~alle, daga }ungiyar ta AQIM, suka kuma bayyana goyon

bayansu ga }ungiyar ISIL. Reshen na JAK-A, ya yi }aurin suna, a satar mutanen

da aka yi, a cikin watan Satumbar 2014, da kuma fille kan wani ]an {asar Faransa,

mai suna Herve Gourdel.

{ungiyar Jaysh Rijal al-Tariq al-Naqshabandi, (JRTN), ta yi yun}urin ham~are

gwamnatin {asar Iraq, da aiwatar da [ari}ar Ba’athi, ko makamanciyar gwamnati.

Da farko ta bayyana borenta ga Ha]in Gwiwar Sojojin }asar ta Iraq, a watan

Disambar 2006, don mayar da martini kan mutuwar Saddam Hussein. A kwanan

nan, }ungiyar ta taka wata gagarumar rawa, a muhimman hare-haren da }ungiyar

ISIL ta kai, ciki har da }wace garin Mosul.

{ungiyar ta ISIL-K, ta bayyana hakan ne a wani faifan bidiyon da ta aike a yanar-

gizo, a cikin watan Janairun 2015. Kwamandan Tehrik e-Taliban, ta {asar

Pakistan, Hafiz Saeed Khan ne, ya jagoranci }ungiyar ta ISIL-K, wadda ta }unshi

tsofaffin kwamandodin }ungiyar Taliban dake }asashen Pakistan da Afghanistan.

Ita kuma }ungiyar Mujahidin Indonesian Timur, (MIT), wata }ungiya ce, mai

ala}a da }ungiyar ta’addancin ISIL, a {asar Indonesia. Wakilan }ungiyar ta MIT,

na da dangantaka da sauran }ungiyoyin da {asar Amirka ta zayyana sunayensu, ga

aikin ta’addanci, FTOs, ciki har da }ungiyar Jemmah Anshorut Tauhid, da ta

Jemaah Islamiya. A cikin watan Yulin 2014, shugaban }ungiyar ta MIT, Abu

Warda Santoso, ya yi alkawarin ha]ewa da }ungiyar ta ISIL. Ita kuma }ungiyar ta

MIT sai ta }ara kangarewa, bisa ga hare-haren da take kai wa jami’an tsaro.

{asar Amirka, ta yi gyaran dokar E.O., mai lamba 13224, da ta zayyana sunan

}ungiyar Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis, (ABM), da sunan da ta ra]a ma ta, na }ungiyar

ISIL, dake Lardin Tuddan Sinai, a matsayin cikakken sunanta. {ungiyar ABM, ta

na amfani da sunan na }ungiyar ISIL, a Lardin Tuddan Sinai, a matsayin sunanta,

tun lokacin da ta barranta ga }ungiyar ta ISIL, a watan Nuwambar 2014. Tuni

}ungiyar ta ci gaba da kai hari kan {asar Masar. (A duba Sashi na 6, na

{ungiyoyin Ta’addanci na Duniya, domin bayanai game da }ungiyar ta ISIL, a

Lardin Tuddan Sinai.

{asar Amirka, ta yi gyara kan dokar E.O., mai lamba 13224, da ta zayyana sunan

}ungiyar ISIL, da ya ha]a da na {asar Islama. (A duba Sashi na 6, na {ungiyoyin

Ta’addancin Duniya, domin }arin bayanai game da }ungiyar ta ISIL.)

A ranar 13 ga watan Nuwamba, {asar Amirka, ta sanya sunan Maghomed

Maghomedzakirovich Abdurakhmanov, a cikin sunayen ‘yan ta’adda. An yi

imanin Abdurakhmanov ne ya fille kan wa]ansu mutanen {asar Syria, su uku. An

kuma kama shi, a cikin watan Yulin 2013, a kuma cikin watan Yuli na 2015, wata

kotun {asar Turkey ta yanke masa hukunci shekaru bakwai da rabi, a gidan sar}a,

saboda samunsa da kasance ]an }ungiyar ta’addanci.

A ranar 9 ga watan Disamba, {asar Amirka ta sanya sunan Emrah Erdogan cikin

‘yan ta’adda. Erdogan, ]an {asar Jamus ne, wanda ya shiga harkar ya}i, da horar

da kurata, da kuma samar wa dakarun }ungiyoyin al-Qa’ida da al-Shabaab ku]a]e.

An ]aure Erdogan har na tsawon shekaru bakwai, a gidan wa}afin {asar Jamus, a

cikin watan Janairun 2014, bisa wa]annan laifukan, da kuma yin wayar }aryar

barazana ‘yan ta’adda ga Majalisar {asar Jamus, a cikin watan Nuwambar 2010.

[IMBIN AYYUKAN YA{AR TA’ADDANCI

A 2015, {asar Amirka ta ci gaba da ha]a hannu da }ungiyoyi, masu yawa, domin

}arfafa ya}ar ta’addanci, da tsauraran ra’ayoyi, a yankuna da kuma duniya, ciki

har da manyan }asashe, da kuma inganta harkokin mu’amalar duniya, da bun}asa

}arfin gwamnatoci, na aiwatar da shirin.

Taron Ya}ar Ta’addanci a Duniya, (GCTF). Tun lokacin da aka }addamar da shi,

a cikin watan Satumbar 2011, taron na GCTF, ya samo fiye da dolar Amirka

miliyan 300, domin tallafa wa }o}arin }asa da na yankuna, kan bun}asa cibiyoyin

farar hula, game da ya}ar ta’addanci da tsauraran ra’ayoyi. Wannan ya ha]a da

taimaka wa ingantawa, da kuma aiwatar da sharu]]an taron na GCTF, a rukunin

}asashe da kuma yankuna. Taron na GCTF, na ha]a hannu da }awayensa, na

duniya, domin canja irin yadda }asashe – musamman, wa]anda ke ku~utowa daga

mulkin mulaka’u – wajen mayar da martanin irin }alubalen da manufofin

ta’addanci da tsauraran ra’ayoyi ke haifarwa. Taron na GCTF, tare da wa]anda

suka kafa shi, su 30, (}asashe 29, da {ungiyar EU), sukan tara masu manufofin

ya}ar ta’addancin, da masu kula da shi, kazalika da masana daga Majalisar [inkin

Duniya, UN, da sauran ]imbin }ungiyoyi da }asashe, dangane da gano bukatun

shirin CT, na gaugawa, da fito da mafita, da kuma janyo hankalin masana, da

albarkatu, wajen wadata irin wa]annan bukatun, da kuma inganta ha]in kan

}asashen duniya.

Duk irin yadda ya fi mayar da hankali, kan ya}ar munanan ra’ayoyi, (CVE), da

}arfafa yin adalci ga farar hula, da ma sauran cibiyoyin dokokin dake ya}ar

ta’addanci, taron na GCTF, na da }udurin turmushe aikin ]aukar dakarun

ta’addanci, da }ara }arfin }asashen dake ya}ar duk wata barazana ta ta’addanci, a

cikin iyakokinsu da kuma yanki.

A bara, taron na GCTF, ya }addamar da sababbin shirye-shirye kamar haka:

Shirye-shiryen Tantance Harkokin Hukumomin CT da CVE na Duniya,

(ICCM): Bisa ga irin yadda take gudanar da harkokinta, a }ar}ashin taron na

GCTF, hukumar ICCM za ta inganta da kuma gudanar da duk wata }ididdiga, ta

zamani, game da abubuwan dake faruwa, kwanan nan, game da ya}ar ta’addanci

da kuma taimakon }ara }arfin shirin na CVE. Hukumar ta ICCM za ta taimaka wa

}asashen gwaji, da masu bayar da gudunmawa, da su yi gangami, da kuma ha]e

kan dukan masu bayar da gudunmawa, na da su biya dukan wata bukata,

musamman abinda ya shafi manyan harkokin Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar [inkin

Duniya, da ma Sharu]]an Babba Taron Majalisar, da suka shafi ya}ar ta’addanci,

da kuma shirin na CVE. Da farko, wannan tsarin zai mayar da hankali ne ga

}asashen gwaji, uku, – Kenya, da Nijeriya, da kuma Tunisia.

Shirin Magance Tsauraran Ra’yoyin, Rayuwar Dake Riki]ewa Tarzoma: Wannan

shirin, zai inganta kayayyakin aikin da za a iya amfani da su, wajen aiwatar da

]aukacin canja tsauraran tunanin rayuwa: tun daga }arshen gaba, da inda

gwamnatoci da al’umma ke }o}arin hana ]orewar al’umma, a fannin tunani

}ungiyar ISIL, da sauran }ungiyoyin ta’addanci; ya zuwa }arshen inda

gwamnatocin da al’umma za su bukaci kutsawa cikin duk wani ha]arin tashin

hankali, da tsauraran ra’ayoyi, da }o}arin kyautata su, na tsawon lokaci, da ma

yiwuwar sake fasalin tunani da ha]e kan }ungiyoyi, ya-Allah, a ciki ne, ko wajen

duk wata dokar dake hukunta aikata laifuka. Ma}asudin kafa taron na GCTF, ga

]aukacin tunanin ma’aikata, shine domin a fa]a]a kyawawan ayyukan taron na

GCTF, a yanzu, da kuma inganta biyan bukatun }arun kayayyakin aikin magance

]aukacin duk wani tsatstsauran ra’ayi, daga hanawa, ko kuma yin katsalandan ga

sake fasalin tunani da ha]in kan.

Har ila yau, taron na GCTF, na }arfafa gwiwar hukumomi uku, da za su bayar da

damar aiwatar da horo, mai ]orewa, da kuma albarkatun da za su tallafa wa

hukumar CVE, da }arfafa dokoki.

Shirin Hedayah, wanda yake a Birnin Abu Dhabi, shine na farko, a cikin

kyawawan al’amurra, na duniya, na hukumar ta CVE, wadda ke kiran tarurrukan

kwasosin horarwa da }arin }arfin mayar da hankali ga manufofin al’umma, da

shigowarsu ga al’amurra, da hukumar ta CVE, da harkokin ilmi, da hukumar ta

CVE, kuma da harkokin sadarwa. Shirin Hedayah ya bun}asa Sharu]]a Dabaru da Kyawawan Hanyoyin Inganta Hukumar, a {asa, wanda wata }asida ce, dake

jagoranci sha’awar gwamnatocin }asashe, a yankunan dake tasowa, ko dabarun

hukumar ta CVE, na }asa, ko kuma harkokin hukumar CVE, a matsayin ~angaren

fa]a]ar dabaru, ko kuma ayyukan ta’adanci.

An }addamar da Shirin Cibiyoyin shari’a da Dokoki na Duniya, (IIJ), dake {asar

Malta, a watan Yunin 2014, a matsayin cibiyar da za ta mayar da hankali wajen

wadata ‘yan sanda, da masu gabatar da }ararraki, da al}alai, da masu koyar da

tarbiyya, da ‘yan majalisu, da sauran masu kula da harkokin shari’a, tare da bayar

da horo da kayayyakin aikin da ake bukata, na magance ta’addanci, da abinda ya

shafi aikata laifuka a tsakanin }asashe. A 2015, shirin na IIJ, ya horar da al}alai,

da masu gabatar da }ararraki, da masu bincike, da ‘yan majalisu, da sasuran

masana, da }wararru kan harkokin shari’ar laifuka, fiye da 450, daga }asashe fiye

da 30. Wa]ansu daga cikin harkokin da shirin na IIJ ya tallafa wa, a bara, sun ha]a

da tsare-tsaren: tun~uke ha]a]]un }ungiyoyin ta’addanci; da giggina kafofin

ha]in kan harkokin shari’a; da magance satar mutane, domin samun diyya; da ha]a

dan}on bin dokoki, yayinda }asashe masu tasowa ke ya}ar manufofin ta’addanci;

da taimama wa tsaron kan iyakoki; da ya}ar rashin adalcin }ungiyoyin ta’addancin

duniya; da }o}arin }arfafa duk wani taimako na shari’a; da tallafa wa manyan

jami’an harkokin shari’a, wajen inganta harkokin na shari’ar laifuka, domin

}alubalantar ta’addanci; da kiran taron na GCTF, game da Taro Kan Dokokin

{ungiyoyin Dake Aikata Manyan Laifuka; da kuma inganta shirin wakilan

majalisun dake yankunan da ake ya}ar ta’addanci.

A watan Yunin 2014, Asusun Tallafa wa Shigar Al’umma ga Harkoki, da Kuma

Yin Ha}uri, na Duniya, (GCERF), ya fara aiki, gadan-gadan, a Birnin Geneva, a

matsayin asusun dake }ar}ashin dokar {asar Switzerland, inda ya gudanar da

Taron Darektocinsa, na farko, a cikin watan Nuwambar wannan shekarar.

{asashen gwajin kuma sune, Bangladesh, da Mali, da kuma Nijeriya. A 2015,

kowace }asar, ta gwaji, ta kafa “wani shirin taimakawa” wanda zai kusantar da

gwamnati, da al’ummar farar hula, da ma kamfanoni, da juna, domin inganta

bukatun tantancewa da kuma kula da duk wani ci gaban duk wata gudunmawar da

aka bayar. A kuma kafa wani Kwamiti Mai Zaman Kansa, domin ya ri}a

bincikawa da kuma bayar da shawarwari, game da gudunmawar. Gudunmawar za

ta mayar da hankali ne, kan tsare-tsaren da za su }arfafa ha}urewa a kuma ya}ar

duk wani tsatstsauran ra’ayi. A watan Disambar 2015, Hukuamr Darektocin ta

amince da a }ara yawan }asashen da }asashen Burma, da Kenya, da kuma

Kosovo, da za su amfana, da kuma sake bincikar daftarin da ya zayyana sunayen

}asashen gwajin.

Majalisar [inkin Duniya, UN, abokiyar aiki ce, kuma mai shiga harkokin na Shirin

GCTF. Shirin na GCTF kuma, ya kasance wani jigo na ci gaba da aiwatar da dukan

yarjejeniyoyin da Dabarun Ya}ar Ta’addanci na Majalisar [inkin Duniya suka

amince wa, da ma ]aukacin taimakawa, da kuma agaza wa duk wani }o}arin da

ake yi, na ya}ar ta’addanci, tun daga na Majalisar ta UN. Shirin kuma na GCTF,

abokin aiki ne, tare da fa]a]a ]imbin ayyukan }ungiyoyin yanki, ciki har da

Majalisar {asashen Turai, da Hukumar OSCE, da {ungiyar {asashen Afrika, da

ma Hukumar Inganta Harkokin Gwamnatoci, (IGAD).

Majalisar [inkin Duniya, (UN). [orewa da kuma yin aiki da dabaru, a majalisar ta

UN, game da al’amurran ya}ar ta’addanci, na daga cikin abubuwan da {asar

Amirka ke bai wa fifiko. A ]aukacin shekarar 2015, Kwamitin Harkokin Tsaro na

Majalisar [inkin Duniya, (UNSC), ya dage, kan irin yadda dakarun }ungiyoyin

ta’addanci ke }umajin kwararowa, ta hanyar inganta aiwatar da Yarjejeniyar ta

Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar [inkin Duniya, (UNSCR), ta 2178, a (2014), a Sashe

na VII, wanda ya umurci bin yarjejeniyar dake bukatar dukan }asashe su “hana, da

dakusar da ]aukar dakaru, da }ungiyoyi, da safara, ko kuma bayar da kayayyakin

aiki” ga duk wani dakaren }ungiyar ta’addanci, kazalika da ku]a]e ga dakarun

}ungiyoyin waje, domin zirga-zirga da wa]ansu harkokin.” {asashen Lithuania,

da Spain da kuma Amirka ne, suka jagoranci zaman taron, a lokacin da

shugabannin kwamitin na UNSC, dake mayar da hankali kan matakan inganta

tsaron harkokin kan iyakoki; da hukuntawa, da kuma hana zirga-zirgar dakarun

}ungiyoyin ta’addancin waje, da kuma ya}ar munanan ra’ayoyi, (CVE), da ma

bayar da ku]a]en ya}ar }ungiyar ISIL. A 2015, kwamitin na UNSC, ya amince da

sauran dabarun ya}ar ta’addancin, ciki har da: Yarjejeniya ta 2199, ta kwamitin na

UNSCR, domin dakusar da }ungiyoyin na ISIL, da al-Nusrah Front, da kuma

sauran ma}arraban dake bai wa irin su }ungiyar al-Qa’ida (AQ), ku]a]e, da mayar

da hankali, na musamman, ga dakatar da fasa }waurin mai, da satar jama’a domin

samun diyya, da kuma duk wata haramtacciyar sana’ar kayayyakin tarihi, daga

{asar Syria; da Yarjejeniyar Kwamitin UNSCR, ta 2250, da ta jaddada irin rawar

da matasa za su taka, wajen ya}ar ta’addanci, da kuma ya}ar munanan ra’ayoyin

da za su kai ga aikata ta’addanci; da kuma Yarjejeniyar Kwamitin na UNSCR, ta

2253, na fa]a]a wargaza duk wata kafar da }ungiyoyin AQ da ISIL ke samun

ku]a]e. Bugu da }ari, {asar Amirka, ta tsunduma, tare da ]imbin wakilan

Majalisar ta UN, game da ya}ar ta’addanci, wanda ya ha]a da: