Section BSection B

Using Gestures to CUsing Gestures to Communicateommunicate

Background InformationBackground Information 1. Tunisia (1. Tunisia ( 突尼斯突尼斯 ))

    It is a country of northern Africa bordering on the MediterrIt is a country of northern Africa bordering on the Mediterranean Sea (anean Sea ( 地中海地中海 ). The region was settled in the 12th cen). The region was settled in the 12th century B.C. by Phoenicians (tury B.C. by Phoenicians ( 腓尼基人腓尼基人 ), later controlled by R), later controlled by Romans, Carthaginians (omans, Carthaginians ( 迦太基人迦太基人 ), and Turks (), and Turks ( 土耳其人土耳其人 ), ), among others, and became a French protectorate (among others, and became a French protectorate ( 受保护受保护国国 ) in 1881. Full independence was achieved in 1956. Tuni) in 1881. Full independence was achieved in 1956. Tunis (s ( 突尼斯突尼斯 ) is the capital of the country and the largest city.) is the capital of the country and the largest city.

2. Sardinia (2. Sardinia ( 撒丁岛撒丁岛 ))

    It is an island of Italy in the Mediterranean Sea It is an island of Italy in the Mediterranean Sea south of Corsica (south of Corsica ( 法国的科西嘉岛法国的科西嘉岛 ). Settled by Ph). Settled by Phoenicians (oenicians ( 腓尼基人腓尼基人 ), Greeks, and Carthaginians ), Greeks, and Carthaginians (( 迦太基人迦太基人 ) before the 6th century B.C., the island ) before the 6th century B.C., the island was taken by Rome in 238 B.C. and later fell to the was taken by Rome in 238 B.C. and later fell to the Vandals (Vandals ( 汪达尔人汪达尔人 ) (5th century A.D.) and the By) (5th century A.D.) and the Byzantines (zantines ( 拜占庭人拜占庭人 ) (early 6th century). Numerous ) (early 6th century). Numerous European powers controlled the island before 1720. European powers controlled the island before 1720. Victor Emmanuel II (Victor Emmanuel II ( 维克多维克多 ·· 爱曼纽二世爱曼纽二世 ) of Sar) of Sardinia became the first king of Italy in 1861. dinia became the first king of Italy in 1861.

3. Colombia (3. Colombia ( 哥伦比亚哥伦比亚 ))

    It is a country of northwest South America with It is a country of northwest South America with coastlines on the Pacific Ocean (coastlines on the Pacific Ocean ( 太平洋太平洋 ) and the C) and the Caribbean Sea (aribbean Sea ( 加勒比海加勒比海 ). It was settled by the Spa). It was settled by the Spanish (nish ( 西班牙人西班牙人 ) in 1510 and formed the nucleus ) in 1510 and formed the nucleus (( 中心中心 ) of the viceroyalty () of the viceroyalty ( 辖区辖区 ) of New Granada ) of New Granada after 1740. Colombia gained its independence from after 1740. Colombia gained its independence from Spain in 1819 under the leadership of Simón Bolivar.Spain in 1819 under the leadership of Simón Bolivar. Bogotá ( Bogotá ( 波哥大波哥大 ) is the capital and the largest city.) is the capital and the largest city.

4. Syria (4. Syria (叙利亚叙利亚 ))

    A country of southwest Asia on the eastern MA country of southwest Asia on the eastern Mediterranean (editerranean ( 地中海地中海 ) coast. Conquered by va) coast. Conquered by various powers in ancient times, it was a province rious powers in ancient times, it was a province of the Ottoman Empire (of the Ottoman Empire ( 奥斯曼帝国奥斯曼帝国 ) (1290) (1290—1922) and became a French territory in 1920. —1922) and became a French territory in 1920. Syria officially gained its independence in 194Syria officially gained its independence in 1944. Damascus (4. Damascus ( 大马士革大马士革 ) is the capital and the ) is the capital and the largest city.largest city.

Reading MoreReading More

Questions and Answers:Questions and Answers:Direction: Answer the following questions according to tDirection: Answer the following questions according to t

he text.he text.

1.What kind of gestures do you usually used?1.What kind of gestures do you usually used?

2.How about the gestures used in different ways?2.How about the gestures used in different ways?

3.Can you demonstrate the gestures and body movement3.Can you demonstrate the gestures and body movements mentioned in text A?s mentioned in text A?

Intensive ReadingIntensive Reading

1. Strange things can happen when body language is used acros1. Strange things can happen when body language is used across cultures!(para.1)s cultures!(para.1)

2. The American wants to say that there is not only a trolley ser2. The American wants to say that there is not only a trolley service, but that it is FREE! (para.3)vice, but that it is FREE! (para.3)

3. Meanwhile, a Tunisian observer thinks the American is tellin3. Meanwhile, a Tunisian observer thinks the American is telling the Japanese man that he is a worthless thief and that he is g the Japanese man that he is a worthless thief and that he is going to kill him. (para.3)going to kill him. (para.3)

4. it’s not a very good idea to4. it’s not a very good idea to go hitchhiking in Sardinia.(para.go hitchhiking in Sardinia.(para.5)5)

5. the Frenchman is glancing at a Colombian who is enjoying a 5. the Frenchman is glancing at a Colombian who is enjoying a fine wine with his dinner. (para.8)fine wine with his dinner. (para.8)

6. The Colombian is made very angry by the mean gesture b6. The Colombian is made very angry by the mean gesture because he believes it is directed at him. (para.9)ecause he believes it is directed at him. (para.9)

7. Thanks to a Greek friend, the Syrian is held back, with gr7. Thanks to a Greek friend, the Syrian is held back, with great difficulty, eat difficulty, fromfrom getting up and hitting the Colombian getting up and hitting the Colombian on the nose.(para.11)on the nose.(para.11)

across cultures across cultures 跨文化；不同文化之间跨文化；不同文化之间

e.g.e.g.

1.1. 有的手势在不同的文化中表达的意思完全相反。有的手势在不同的文化中表达的意思完全相反。 －－ Some gestures have entirely different meanings across Some gestures have entirely different meanings across

cultures.cultures.

2. 2. 学好外语是自由地进行跨文化交流的第一步。学好外语是自由地进行跨文化交流的第一步。 － － A good command of a foreign language goes before thA good command of a foreign language goes before th

e free across-culture communication.e free across-culture communication.

Meaning: The American wants to tell the Japanese that he Meaning: The American wants to tell the Japanese that he can not only get a trolley at the airport, but also use it free can not only get a trolley at the airport, but also use it free of charge!of charge!

Please notice the word "free" in capitalPlease notice the word "free" in capital （大写） （大写） letters fletters f

or emphasis to draw the readers' attentionor emphasis to draw the readers' attention. .

worthless worthless (( 人人 )) 品质不良的品质不良的 ,, 品行不端的品行不端的 ;; 没有价值的没有价值的

worthwhile worthwhile 值得值得 (( 花时间、精力的花时间、精力的 )()( 做表语，定语做表语，定语 )) be worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.be worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.

worthy worthy a. a. 应得某事物，值得做某事 （做表语）应得某事物，值得做某事 （做表语） be worthy of/to do sth.be worthy of/to do sth.

b. b. 值得尊敬的，值得考虑的 （做定语）值得尊敬的，值得考虑的 （做定语）

worth worth 有某种价值的；值得做的有某种价值的；值得做的 be worth sth.; be worth doing sth.be worth sth.; be worth doing sth.

PracticePractice

Fill in the blanks with “worthless, worthwhile, worthy or Fill in the blanks with “worthless, worthwhile, worthy or worth”.worth”.

1. It’s _______________ helping the poor.1. It’s _______________ helping the poor.

2. His heroic deeds are _________ of the highest praise.2. His heroic deeds are _________ of the highest praise.

3. It was a completely _________ exercise. 3. It was a completely _________ exercise.

4. It is not __________ waiting for his coming.4. It is not __________ waiting for his coming.

5. This is a car _________ $ 30 thousand.5. This is a car _________ $ 30 thousand.

worthwhile/worth

worthy

worthless

worth

worth

hitchhike / thumb a lift hitchhike / thumb a lift （站在路旁示意要求）搭顺风车（站在路旁示意要求）搭顺风车

e.g.e.g.1.1. 有时搭便车不够安全。有时搭便车不够安全。 - Sometimes it’s not safe enough to go hitchhiking. - Sometimes it’s not safe enough to go hitchhiking.

2.2. 中国人还不习惯沿途搭乘便车或者让人搭乘便车。 中国人还不习惯沿途搭乘便车或者让人搭乘便车。 - Chinese people are not used to hitchhiking or offering th- Chinese people are not used to hitchhiking or offering th

e hitchhikers a lift.e hitchhikers a lift.

glance at glance at 瞥视；匆匆一看瞥视；匆匆一看

Word related:Word related: glimpse atglimpse at

瞥见，匆匆一看瞥见，匆匆一看 peep at peep at

look at look at 朝朝 ············ 看看 stare at/into stare at/into

凝视，盯着看凝视，盯着看 gaze at/into gaze at/into

be directed/aimed at be directed/aimed at 针对针对 ,, 指向指向

e.g.e.g.

1. 1. 我的话不针对任何人我的话不针对任何人。。 - My words are not directed at anybody. - My words are not directed at anybody.

2.2. 发言人说军事演习不会针对任何第三方发言人说军事演习不会针对任何第三方。。 - The spokesman said the war game was not directed at any - The spokesman said the war game was not directed at any

third party. third party.

hold back ( … from doing sth.) hold back ( … from doing sth.) 阻止；阻挡阻止；阻挡

e.g.e.g.

1.1. 他努力控制住自己不去拿那肮脏的钱。他努力控制住自己不去拿那肮脏的钱。 - He tried hard to hold himself back from getting the dirty - He tried hard to hold himself back from getting the dirty

money. money.

2.2. 这位小女孩发现自己在树林中迷了路时忍不住哭了。这位小女孩发现自己在树林中迷了路时忍不住哭了。 - - The little girl could not hold back her tears when she founThe little girl could not hold back her tears when she foun

d her lost in the woods.d her lost in the woods. (c.f. prevent from; stop from; keep from; save from )(c.f. prevent from; stop from; keep from; save from )

Testing YourselfTesting Yourself

1. He is a teacher _____ of great respect.1. He is a teacher _____ of great respect.

A. value B. worth C. worthwhile D. worthyA. value B. worth C. worthwhile D. worthy

2. The two friends haven’t _____ with each other for years.2. The two friends haven’t _____ with each other for years.

A.compared C. combined A.compared C. combined

B. communicated D.confusedB. communicated D.confused

3. Your remarks must have _____ her, as she shouted angril3. Your remarks must have _____ her, as she shouted angril

y when she left.y when she left.

A. defended B. offended C. confused D.directedA. defended B. offended C. confused D.directed

4. He _____ from their facial expressions that they were not 4. He _____ from their facial expressions that they were not

in favor of the plan.in favor of the plan.

A. concluded B. said C. answered D. repliedA. concluded B. said C. answered D. replied

Section A: Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.

D

B.

B.

A

5. I wanted to tell him the truth, but something ____ me back.5. I wanted to tell him the truth, but something ____ me back.

A. put B. stopped C. held D. caughtA. put B. stopped C. held D. caught

6. There are no ____ differences between the two groups of stud6. There are no ____ differences between the two groups of stud

ents.ents.

A. instant B.directly C.significant D. significantlyA. instant B.directly C.significant D. significantly

7. Mary is not very good at ____ her views across.7. Mary is not very good at ____ her views across.

A. finding B. picking C. expressing D. puttingA. finding B. picking C. expressing D. putting

8. She wrongly believed that the gesture was ____ at her.8. She wrongly believed that the gesture was ____ at her.

A. turned B. directed C.upset D. putA. turned B. directed C.upset D. put

C

C

D

B

1. This is a (worth) _________ necklace, because it is just an 1. This is a (worth) _________ necklace, because it is just an imitation.imitation.

2. One should always have a (cheer) ________ attitude towar2. One should always have a (cheer) ________ attitude toward life.d life.

3. The film will begin (immediate) __________.3. The film will begin (immediate) __________.4. I think 4. I think USA TodayUSA Today is a national newspaper, not a (region) is a national newspaper, not a (region)

_______ one._______ one.5. Many (fortunate) _________ people were left without foo5. Many (fortunate) _________ people were left without foo

d and houses after the natural disaster.d and houses after the natural disaster.6. She was red in the face with (angry) ________.6. She was red in the face with (angry) ________.

Section B: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given.

worthless

cheerful

immediately

regionalunfortunate

anger

7. My grandmother is (especial) __________ fond of sweet food.7. My grandmother is (especial) __________ fond of sweet food.

8. They overcame many (difficult) __________ and succeeded in t8. They overcame many (difficult) __________ and succeeded in the end.he end.

9. As an (observe) ________, he has no right to give his opinion on th9. As an (observe) ________, he has no right to give his opinion on this matter.is matter.

10. Do you know his (race) ________ origin?10. Do you know his (race) ________ origin?

11. Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of (move) _________.11. Loose clothing gives you greater freedom of (move) _________.

12. It would be very (interest) __________ to compare the two cultur12. It would be very (interest) __________ to compare the two cultures.es.

especially

difficulties

observer

racialmovement

interesting