sox scrubbers – engine makers view - greener shipping...

1 < > MAN Diesel & Turbo JPA / LEO 2017-10-27 00.00.2012 ��

SOx scrubbers – Engine Makers view MDT points, markets and Tier III combinations

Greener Shipping Summit 2017 Athens, Greece 2017-11-14

Jesper Arvidsson Engineering/Operation/

Emission Reduction Technology Member EGCSA


All about legislation; NOx Emission Control Areas (NECA) Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA)

2021 NOx ECA, agreed at MEPC70 October 2016

Note: Thus far no NOx ECAs which are not also SOx ECAs.

Waters within 200 nautical

miles from the coast of

USA, and Canada.

Global: Max. 3.5% S

2020: Max. 0.5% S

2016: 0.5%S SECA

parts of Chinese waters

2015: max. 0.1%S SECA


All about legislation; NOx Emission Control Areas (NECA) Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA)

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

Fuel Sulphur Content (Equivalent) [%]

2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022

NOx [g/kWh]

Tier I

Tier III

Tier II

in ECAs

in ECAs

General

All vessels (old and new)

Only newbuildings

We are here

Less than 1000 days…

Scrubbers

US-ECA N-EU-ECA


Options 2020 and beyond ?

ME-GI / ME-LGI engine Dual Fuel:

LNG, Ethane, LPG, MeOH ……..

MC/ME/-C engine Single Fuel:

0.1%S fuel, 0.5%S fuel

MC/ME/-C engine 0-5%S fuels:

HFO/MDO + Scrubber

Compliant fuel High-Sulphur fuel


Why Sulphur scrubbers ? Engine maker view.

•  Scrubbers can be applied to almost all our two and four stroke engines

•  New engines can be purpose built for scrubber operation

•  Retrofit possible most engines

•  Allows full fuel flexibility = free choice for owners

(World wide bunkering)

•  Eliminates concerns of new blended fuel qualities and compatibilty issues.


Why Sulphur scrubbers ? Environmental view

•  Scrubbers have a lower abatement

Well-to-Wake CO2 imprint than compliant fuels.

•  SO2 removed from exhaust;

•  Large fraction of particulate matter trapped


Sulphur scrubber market overview

Market today; •  Currently approximately 460 ships equipped with scrubbers, totalling around 900

scrubber towers. •  IHS Markit estimate approx 3000 ships with scrubbers in 2020 with a further market

potential of around 3000 ships / year totalling 10-12.000 scrubber ships by 2025. As many as 40.000 ships could be directly affected by 0,5% global cap.

•  New scrubber financing solutions appearing for struggling owners. Lending against asset value, leasing of equipment, back payment via fuel premium, oil company financing etc.

•  Legislation still uncertain – flag states or ports may apply individual rules regardless of

IMO. Global 2020 enforcement very difficult. This makes owners and makers uncertain of investment.


Sulphur scrubber market overview

Market outlook; •  Scrubber orders were fading but since MEPC 70, uptake is rapidly increasing (according to

makers). Market is expected to continue growth. •  If market uptake continues to rise, sufficient Yard installation time could be problematic

(Average hardware installation time 2 weeks for retrofit, often complemented by riding-crews)

•  Increased interest in scrubbers and combined scrubber /Tier 3 systems. •  Large hesitant owners now also considering scrubbers – even for ULCV. •  Investments depend on market – Profitable RoRo and Cruise market reflected in scrubber

investments (Carnival Cruise Lines alone has equipped 60 ships with scrubbers – a $400 mill investment)


MAN points: Sulphur scrubbers

Significant scrubber points for MAN Diesel. Backpressure issues; •  Higher back pressure causes:

•  Lower TC/engine efficency → fuel penalty •  Higher material temperatures •  In extreme cases higher levels of engine pollution and engine wear.

•  Makers should inform ∆P for whole load range – not just max values. More than one engine connected to the same scrubber needs special consideration; •  Prevention of exhaust gas back flow to standing engines/engine rooms •  Special Class rules apply. Operational safety ! Engine operational safety must be ensured in the event of scrubber malfunction, failure or wrong operation.


MDT Sulphur scrubber experience

MAN Diesel & Turbo SOx scrubber experience;

•  No MDT scrubbers (except for EGR-scrubber) •  Working closely with several scrubber makers. •  Involvement in scrubber testing as early as 2005. •  Participation in scrubber development acc owner and maker request •  Service visits on board scrubber equipped vessels •  Large amount of performance data accumulated •  Operational information from owners and operators •  Large number of scrubber accumulated running hrs – first installations

have approx. 40.000 running hrs.

2005 2007 2009 2010

First tests

First marine design

First installation

Start of service test

Fully developed commercial

2017


Sulphur scrubber service experience

Service experience; •  Hardware corrosion issues initially – now mostly solved.

•  WTS plants have issues on corrosion and clogging. Frequent maintenance rqrd.

•  Measuring equipment is ”weak spot” - requires frequent calibration and maintenance

•  All major makes comply with 0,1 S equivalent or better.

•  PM removal very much dependent on scrubber type.

•  All major makes comply with wash water outlet criteria (see below)



General Performance;

•  Most systems cause increased back pressure – influencing engine performance and causing SFOC penalty.

•  SFOC penalty depending on application – estimated below 1g/

KWh. Scrubber makers estimate 1-2% •  SFOC increase by calculation only – difference usually too small

for on-board measurements. •  So far no direct scrubber related additional engine wear (single

accidental cases excluded). •  Maximum recorded Texh increase is < 10°C @ total 600 mm

WC.



Service Experience Conclusion – scrubbers in 5 lines;

•  Scrubbers units rugged and dependable means of compliance

•  All major makers comply with IMO requirements (SOx 0.1% equiv. or better) and MEPC wash water guidelines.

•  Engine performance impact normally low – providing BP limits ok

•  Aux systems (WTS and measuring equipment) low TBO •  Business case depending on trade pattern & engine size


Combination plants Full compliance SOx & NOx

ME solely for non ECA – operation on LNG, HFO and MGO

ECA operation on LNG and MGO 0,1% sulfur content (2020 Global 0,5%)

Full fuel flexibility incl. ECA operation on HFO with high sulfur content

+ EGR

+ SCR

or +

SOX scrubber


Exhaust gas scrubber

Two-‐stroke MAN B&W engine with integrated EGR

Tank for sludge disposal

Water treatment system

Tank for causCc soda

Scrubber water circulaCon tank

Combined EGR and EGC Arrangement sample system

Common system parts:


Main benefits of combined EGR and EGC system are;

Combined EGR and EGC Arrangement

§  Full compliance § Common WTS unit for EGC and EGR system § Possible reduced EGC sizing. §  Lower overall CAPEX §  ”Future safe” (Differentiated port fees, future legislation, local rules) More and more owners looking into combining SOx and Tier 3 Tech.


Economizer

Exhaust outlet

EGC SOX- scrubber

Two-stroke diesel engine with EGR

EGB

Layout of combined EGR and EGC system without auxiliary systems.

Combined EGR and EGC Arrangement sample gas side

Economizer


Combined EGR and EGC Reduced exhaust system

Combined EGR/EGC system Standard system

Combined EGR/EGC system Reduced exhaust system (30%)

Char-‐ger

Combustion

EGC scrubber

EGR scrubber

Tur-‐bine

Blower

100% MCR100% Flow0% EGR

Non ECA modeStandard configuration


Char-‐ger

Combustion

EGC scrubber

EGR scrubber

Blower

Tur-‐bine

ECA modeStandard configuration

EGC scrubber

Combustion

EGR scrubber

Blower


Non ECA modeReducedconfiguration

Char-‐ger

Tur-‐bine

Combustion

EGC scrubber

EGR scrubber

Blower


ECA/Non ECA modeReducedconfiguration

Char-‐ger

Tur-‐bine


Disclaimer

All data provided in this document is non-binding. This data serves informational purposes only and is especially not guaranteed in any way. Depending on the subsequent specific individual projects, the relevant data may be subject to changes and will be assessed and determined individually for each project. This will depend on the particular characteristics of each individual project, especially specific site and operational conditions.


Do you have any more questions?

Jesper Arvidsson MAN Diesel & Turbo Teglholmsgade 41, DK 2450 Copenhagen SV Denmark [email protected] Tel: +45 33851754

sox scrubbers – engine makers view - greener shipping...

Documents