thailand’s alternative - unescap _ ae policies.pdf · thailand’s alternative energy development...
TRANSCRIPT
Thailand’s Alternative Energy Development Plan
By
Yaowateera Achawangkul , Ph.D.
Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE) Ministry of Energy, THAILAND
“National Dialogue on the Urban Nexus in Thailand” 2nd March, 2017
1
Thailand Energy Situation 2015
2 Source : Alternative Energy and Efficiency Information Center, DEDE
Thailand is “net” energy importer
Fossil Fuels 75.85%
Imported Hydro Power
1.53%
Traditional RE 9.68%
Renewable 12.94%
77,881 ktoe
Final Energy Consumption 2015 Energy Consumption by Sector
3
Thai Government Energy Policy
Secure Thailand Energy supply • Exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil both in the sea and on land • More new power plant by government agencies and private organizations • Increase the use of renewable energy • International energy development cooperation Fair Energy Pricing • Energy price restructure • Appropriate tax between different types of oil
Energy conservation • More efficient use of energy • Awareness of consumer
Thailand pledges a 20 to 25 percent reduction in its emission of greenhouse gases by 2030.
Prime Minister’s speech delivered in COP21
6
Target ktoe
RE Consumption (ktoe) 39,388.67
Final Energy Consumption (ktoe) 131,000
RE share (%) 30%
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2015-2036
2007 2015 2036
ktoe
Final Energy Consumption
RE Consumption
Goal: Target 30% renewables in Total Energy Consumption by 2036
7
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2015-2036
Solar Wind
3,002 MW 6,000 MW
1,200 Ktoe
9,002 MW Power | 1,200 Ktoe Heat
Hydro
Large Hydro 2,906.40 MW
Small Hydro 376 MW
3,282.40 MW
New-Energy
Geothermal, Used Tire Oil, etc.
10 ktoe
Bio-Fuel
Ethanol Biodiesel Pyrolysis Oil
11.3 ML/Day 14 ML/Day 0.53 ML/Day
Bio-Energy
Biomass Biogas MSW +
Industrial Waste
5,570 MW 1,280 MW
22,100 ktoe 1,283 ktoe
550 MW
495 ktoe
6,720 MW Power | 23,878 Ktoe Heat
Goal: Target 30% renewables in Total Energy Consumption by 2036
Facilitator: Government
funded RD&D
Facilitator: Private-led investment
Strategy: Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036
Foundation: Commitment to the development of a low-carbon society
CBG
4,800 t/Day
Alt. Fuels*
10 ktoe
* Alternative fuels = Bio-oil, Hydrogen
Principle Activities under AEDP 2015
8
Electricity Heat Transportation • Solving the bottleneck
problem of national grid • Support for power
generation from unutilized fuel (e.g. agricultural & industrial waste, fast growing crop)
• Promote local RE resource for power generation (Distributed Green Generation: DGG)
• Enhance the competitive bidding for power purchasing
• Enhance for the heat production from transform RE fuel (pellet, RDF)
• Promote local content in RE machinery
• Study for appropriate Renewable heat incentive (RHI)
• Promote heat utilization in building by building code establishing (solar energy)
• Promote RE heat utilization in household (e.g. high eff. Cooking stove)
• Promote utilization of biodiesel in transportation / industrial sector
• Promote gasohol utilization
• Promote CBG utilization for vehicle and industry
• Promote biofuel production efficiency improvement
Success Factors in Thailand’s RE Implementation
9
o Solving for national grid constraints
o Reducing for the gaps in electricity purchase tariffs among PPAs signed in
different times
o Reducing for inconsistent regulations and overlapped regulations among
government departments (e.g. Town and Country Planning Act,
Industrial Act)
o Promote the collaboration between RE-related organizations (both of
government and private sector)
o Reducing for community and people opposing in RE projects
Linkages of Thailand’s Energy Policies with Urban Nexus Project
10
Promote and support the sustainable utilization of RE from domestic
resources, for commitment to low-carbon society
Extremely promote the utilization of Bioenergy and Biofuel
(Biomass/Biogas/MSW/Bioethanol/Biodiesel), in order to reduce urban’s
sewage and increase benefit to farmer, as well as community
Enhance the participation of community for RE generation (solar
rooftop/solar PV for agri. Co-op/ DGG/ community CBG)
Promote the utilization of alternative RE feedstock, to prevent the
competition between food and energy