tomtat

B GIO DC V O TO

I HC NNG

* * *

NGUYN L TNG KHNH

NG DNG SEMANTIC WEB XY DNG H THNG TRA CU

THNG TIN TI TH VIN TRNG C CNG NGH THNG TIN

Chuyn ngnh: Khoa hc my tnh

M s: 60.48.01

TM TT LUN VN THC S K THUT

Nng - Nm 2013

Cng trnh c hon thnh ti

I HC NNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc : TS. Trng Ngc Chu

Phn bin 1: TS. Nguyn Thanh Bnh

Phn bin 2: TS. Hong Th Lan Giao

Lun vn c bo v ti Hi ng chm Lun vn

tt nghip thc s k thut hp ti i hc Nng

vo ngy 19 thng 5 nm 2013.

C th tm hiu lun vn ti:

- Trung tm Thng tin - Hc liu, i hc Nng

1

M U

1. L do chn ti

Hin nay, nhiu cng th vin in t r rng ang cung cp

mt ca ng truy cp ti ti nguyn ca mt trng i hc, trung

tm thng tin hay mt vin nghin cu bng lit k cc ni kt trc

tip ti giao din gc ca mi mt ti nguyn. Khi lng thng tin

hc thut a n cho cc nh nghiu cu nhiu loi ti nguyn ang

gia tng nhanh chng.

Vn t ra hin nay cho cc th vin in t l vic lin

thng hot ng th vin qun l cc ti nguyn khng l ca th

vin nh th no h tr vic tm kim, truy hi thng tin d dng

hn, chnh xc hn, tm kim theo ng cnh ca ngi s dng. iu

ny yu cu cc th vin phi s dng siu d liu chung m t

cc bn ghi ca dunh mc v cc t vng iu khin chung cho

php gn cc nh danh (ID) ch cho cc xut bn phm.

Th vin in t thng s dng mt nh dng siu d liu no

t chc cc m t th mc. Cc chun nh dng m t th

mc ph bin l MARC, Dublin Core, BibTex, Tuy nhin, cc

chun ny c nh ngha cho qu trnh s dng ca con ngi, ch

c con ngi mi hiu c, khng nh ngha ng ngha ca cc

trng siu d liu theo cch my c th hiu c.

Vi cng ngh Semantic Web, s biu din ca cc chun m t

th mc nh cc ontology l mt s la chn tt yu. Cc nh dng

siu d liu c ng ngha c biu din trong cc thut ng ca

ontology cung cp kh nng s dng cc khi nim c nh

ngha v suy din d liu tim n t cc m t th mc.

2

Qu trnh hot ng lin thng gia cc th vin khc nhau, hay

thm ch gia cc b su tp khc nhau trong cng th vin l mt

vn . Vic tm kim, truy hi s chnh xc hn nu ta cung cp cho

ngi s dng m khung nhn duy nht v tn ca cc i tng

trong th vin. Ontology c th cung cp kh nng hot ng lin

thng gia cc thp d liu ln, cung cp mt khung nhn chung cho

cc tp d liu.

Bng cc s dng ontology, tt c ngi s dng c th truy cp

ontology thng qua Web, cc danh mc th vin s c th s dng

cc t vng ging nhau bin mc, nh du cc trng vi cc

thut ng thch hp nht cho lnh vc quan tm. RDF v OWL cung

cp mt h thng m ha n gin v nht qun, do s n gin

ha vic hot ng lin thng th vin gia h thng siu d liu th

vin in t ny vi cc h thng siu d liu th vin khc.

Vi nhng l do trn ti chn ti: ng dng Semantic Web

- Xy dng h thng tra cu thng tin ti th vin trng C Cng

ngh Thng tin

2. Mc tiu v nhim v

2.1 Mc tiu

Nghin cu cc khi nim tng quan v Semantic Web, cc

cng c, ng dng h tr xy dng Semantic Web.

Nghin cu h thng lu tr v qun l thng tin th vin v

cc m hnh hin nay ca h thng th vin.

Nghin cu xy dng website tra cu thng tin th vin ti

trng C Cng ngh Thng tin.

2.2 Nhim v

Tm hiu l thuyt v Semantic Web.

3

Phn tch thit k ng dng Semantic Web cho website tra cu

thng tin th vin tai trng C Cng ngh Thng tin.

3. i tng v pham vi nghin cu

i tng nghin cu gm cc khi nim Semantic web, cc

thnh phn chnh dng xy dng Semantic web. C s l thuyt

v nn tng xy dng mt ng dng Semantic web.

ti tp trung vo nghin cu v ng dng Semantic web vo

lnh vc tm kim thng tin v th vin, ng thi xy dng chng

trnh minh ha dng tm kim thng tin th vin.

4. Phng php nghin cu

4.1. Phng php nghin cu l thuyt

Nghin cu ti liu, cng c v cng ngh lin quan.

Tng hp cc ti liu, d liu.

Phn tch thit k h thng.

4.2. Phng php nghin cu thc t

Tm hiu v cch lu tr, qun l sch v snh in t trong

th vin.

Tm hin cc h thng tra cu th vin hin c.

Phn tch yu cu, xy dng ng dng.

Xy dng Ontology cho h thng

Kim tra, kim th v nh gi kt qu.

5. ngha khoa hc v thc tin ca ti

V mt khoa hc, ti nghin cu tip cn vi cng ngh mi

v x l thng tin ca Semantic Web. Nghin cu xut hng

pht trin mt ng dng m bo tnh chnh xc thng tin.

4

V mt thc tin, vic xy dng h thng tra cu thng tin ti

th vin trng C Cng ngh Thng tin cho php ngi dng tm

kim cc thng tin v ti nguyn trong th vin.

6. B cc lun vn

Trong khun kh bi lun vn tt nghip ti s trnh by ni

dung theo cc phn chnh nh sau:

Chng 1 Tng quan v Semantic Web v th vin in t:

Trnh by tng th v Semantic web v tng quan v thng mi

in t. a ra nhng u nhc im ca h thng th vin in t

so vi th vin truyn thng.

Chng 2 Gii php xy dng ng dng Semantic Web cho h

thng th vin in t: Da vo cc l thuyt, khi nim c

phn tch v thit k h thng.

Chng 3 Pht trin ng dng Semantic Web : Xy dng

Website tra cu thng tin th vin trn nhng phn tch thit k h

thng c.

5

CHNG 1

TNG QUAN SEMANTIC WEB V TH VIN

IN T

1.1 KHI NIM V SEMANTIC WEB V SIU D LIU

1.1.1 Khi nim

Web ng ngha l s m rng ca WWW bng cch thm vo

cc m t ng ngha ca thng tin di dng m chng trnh my

tnh c th hiu v do vy cho php x l thng tin hiu qu hn.

1.1.2 Siu d liu

Mt trong nhng nn tng c bn lm nn web ng ngha l cc

siu d liu. Siu d liu dng m t ti nguyn thng tin. Mi

thc th hay khi nim c th c mt hay nhiu siu d liu

1.1.3 Kin trc web ng ngha.

c c nhng kh nng nh cp phn trn, web ng

ngha cn c mt h tng cht ch vi nhiu lp h tr. Di y l

kin trc tng qut nht ca web ng ngha do t chc W3C xut.

Hnh 1.1. Kin trc Web ng ngha

6

1.2 NGN NG M T TI NGUYN V BN TH LUN

1.2.1 Ngn ng m t ti nguyn RDF

Ngn ng C cu m t ti nguyn - RDF c xut nhm

khc phc nhng nhc im ca XML khng th gii quyt c.

nh ngha c bn ca ngn ng RDF l dng m ha cc siu d

liu ca cc ti nguyn vo mt b ba (RDF Triple): [ch ng], [v ng]

v [i tng].

1.2.2 Bn th lun

1.3 LC RDF V TRUY VN RDF

1.3.1 Lc RDF

Lc RDF l mt ngn ng bn th lun dng n nht, n

cung cp mt khung m t cc lp, thuc tnh ca ng dng c

th.

1.3.2 Ngn ng truy vn RDF

SPARQL l mt ngn ng truy cp thng tin t cc lc

RDF. N cung cp cc tnh nng sau:

Trch thng tin t cc dng ca URI

Trch thng tin t cc lc con

Xy dng th RDF mi da trn thng tin trong th

truy vn

1.4 TH VIN IN T V CNG NGH WEB NG

NGHA

1.4.1 Tip cn xy dng th vin in t

1.4.2 Web ng ngha v th vin in t

1.5 CNG C H TR XY DNG SEMANTIC WEB

1.5.1 Protg - Cng c xy dng Ontology

1.5.2 Altova's SemanticWorks Xy dng RDF trc quan

7

CHNG 2

GII PHP XY DNG NG DNG SEMANTIC WEB

CHO H THNG TH VIN IN T

2.1 M T GII PHP

Trong cc th vin truyn thng, th th phi lm vic vt v vi

khi lng ln giy t, v c gi rt vt v tm ra ti liu m h quan

tm. Vi s pht trin mnh m ca cng ngh phn mm v c bit l

internet khi nim mi Th vin in t xut hin. Loi th vin

ny cho thy nhiu li ch hn so vi th vin truyn thng nh kh nng

kt ni t mi ni trn th gii, kh nng tm kim sch, tp ch, cc tp

a phng tin mt cch nhanh chng...

ng dng Semantc web tm kim thng tin ti th vin a ra cc

gii php cho php t chc phn loi, sp xp, danh mc cc ti ti

liu theo cc ch , lnh vc khc nhau. H tr ti a cho ngi s dng

trong vic qun l v tm kim ti liu trong th vin.

H thng tra cu thng tin th vin c xy dng trn nn Web,

gm c cc m un sau:

- Thu thp ti nguyn: Dng thu thp danh sch cc n

phm trong th vin.Vic thu thp ti nguyn c th thc

hin qua hai cch: nhn vin nhp liu tin hnh nhp d

liu thng qua cc giao din nhp liu ca h thng; d

liu c cp nhp vo CSDL thng qua tp Excel.

- Qun l ti nguyn: Cung cp cc chc nng chnh sa,

cp nhp thng tinh cho ngi qun tr.

Tm kim ti nguyn: Cung cp chc nng tm kim theo ng ngha

trong vic tm kim cc n phm trong th vin

8

2.2 YU CU NG DNG

2.2.1 Yu cu chc nng

Chng trnh cn lm c cc chc nng sau:

Lu tr y cc thng tin v cc loi sch, tp ch, thng

tin y bao gm thng tin c bn v thng tin chuyn

mn.

o Thng tin c bn l nhng thuc tnh ca i tng

sch, tp ch.

o Thng tin chuyn mn l nhng thng tin v lnh

vc, nghnh ca sch, tp ch .

X l c cc tin trnh mn, tr, t trc sch tp ch.

Tm kim chnh xc ti nguyn th vin theo ng ngha: tm

theo tn, tm theo lnh vc, tm theo tc gi.

2.2.2 Yu cu phi chc nng

H thng thit k theo dng modun d m rng v pht trin

Ci t v trin khai d dng trn cc phin bn h iu hnh

Windows v c s d liu SQL 2000, 2005, 2008.

Yu cu v lu tr ti liu ln.

Giao din ngi dng n gin, than thin v d s dng.

2.3 PHN TCH THIT K H THNG

2.3.1 Biu ca s dng (Use Case - UC)

a. Gi c gi

Gi ny bao gm cc UC sau: Nhp d liu tm kim, truyn d liu

tm kim, nhn thong tin phn hi, truyn d liu t trc, thc hin t

9

trc, ly danh sch u ti liu, nhn danh sch gi .

Hnh 2.3. Quan h gia US trong gi c gi

b. Gi sch

Gi ny bao gm cc use case sau: Nhp d liu mi, sa d

liu, nhp d liu a phng tin, nhn phn hi t b sung a phng

tin, nhn phn hi mn ti liu, nhn tng s bn mu hin c, chn

tc gi, nhn thng tin v tc gi, kim li t trc, kim li s bn mu

ang c, nhp tng s bn t trc, tm v t trc sm nht, thc hin

mn, thc hin t trc, nhn phn hi t trc.

10

Hnh 2.5. Quan h gia cc UC trong gi sch

11

2.3.2 Biu hot ng

Khch vo th vin

i n bn tip n Lm th th vin

Cha c th

i n hnh lang My trm cn trng

i n ni mn

Khuyn co Trnh th v danh sch ti liu

Mn ti iu

G ra khi TV

i n hp h s

Tm kim phch

Cho vo danh sch mn

Mn?

Tm kim

i mn

Thy ti liu

Tm tip

Khng

T vn Mn

Message5

Khng

2

C

1

Hnh 2.6. Biu hot ng ca h thng

12

ng nhp h thng

La chn tm kim Nhp truy vn

Nhn danh sch ti liu

Chn ti liu

Duyt ti liu s

IN

Mn ?

Mn ti liu

2

in t

In

Giy

Tm tip

Khng

1C

Hnh 2.7. Biu hot ng ca h thng (tip theo)

13

2.3.3 Biu tng tc

a. Tin trnh t trc sch mn

:GUI Th vin in t :Bn ghi t trc CSDL t trc

Kch hot thut ton t trc

Danh sch gi :=Gi ()

Gi(danh sch sch)

Chn sch

Nhp(D liu xc nhn)

To i tng

ng k t trc

Hin th( gi yu cu)

Gi(trng thi t trc)

Gi(Trng thi)

Hin th thng ip

Hnh 2.9. Biu tun t tin trnh t trc

b. Tin trnh mn sch, tp ch

Giao din th th Th vin in t Bn ghi cho mn CSDL cho mn

Nhp (D liu mn)

To i tng

ng k(Mn)

Gi (trng thi mn)

Gi(Trng thi)

Hin th (Thng bo)

Nhn(mn)

Nhn (Mn)

Hin th(Mn)

Hin th (Mn)

Hnh 2.10. Biu trnh t tin trnh mn sch.

14

c. Tin trnh tm kim sch, tp ch.

Ngi s dng Tm kim Database

Nhp t kha

To sparql

query(sparql)

Hin th ni dung tm kim

Hin th ni dung tm kim

Hnh 2.11. Biu trnh t tin trnh tm kim sch, tp ch

d. Lu kt qu tm kim

Ngi dng Tm kim Database

Lu tm kim

Lu tm kim

Hin th thng bo

Hin th thng bo

Hnh 2.12. Biu trnh t tin trnh lu sch, tp ch

15

2.3.4 Biu lp

+ocgiamoi()

+Timkiem()

+attruoc()

+Muon()

+Goiy()

+Huyboocgia()

-iachi

-Noio

-SoCMT

-ienthoi

-Email

-Sohieuocgia

-Goihanthoigian

-Goihanbanmuon

-Tongsobanamuon

-Tongsobancon

Class1::Docgia

-Ten

-Ho

-Ngaysinh

Class1::ConNguoi

-aachi

-Ngaysinh

-Noio

-Sohieunhanvien

-ienthoai

-Email

-Nhanvien

Class1::NhanVien +Taolaptacgia()

+Thamchieusach()

+Huybotacgia()

+Huybothamchieusach()

Class1::Tacgia

+Thuthumoi()

+Sachmoi()

+Tapchimoi()

+Maumoi()

+aphuongtien()

+Luanvanmoi()

+AnphamKmoi()

Class1::Thuthu

+Chomuon()

+Nhaptailieutra()

+Guibaocao()

+Goigoiy()

Class1::NhanVienNhapLieu

+BaiBoMau()

+ChoMuon()

+atTruoc()

+TimatTruocSomNhat()

+KiemTraatTruoc()

+TongSoatTruoc()

-Ten

-NamXuatBan

-NhaXuatBan

-Tongsobanmau

-Trangthai

-Chue

-NgonNgu

-ViTri

-Keywords

-TomTat

-TheLoai

Class1::TainguyenTV

+atTruoc()

+HuyBoatTruoc()

-GioiHanThiiGian

-NgayThang

Class1::SachDat

+aPhuongTien()

+HuyBoDaPhuongTien()

-Loai

-Tep

Class1::aPhuongTien

+MauMoi()

+HuyBoMau()

-Chuky

-Trangthai

Class1::MauTaiLieu

+SachMoi()

+HuyBoSach()

-Tacgia

-ISBN

Class1::Sach

+TpChiMoi()

+HuyBoTapChi()

-So

-ISSN

Class1::TapChi

+LuanVanMoi()

+HuyBoLuanVan()

-NguoiHD

Class1::LuanVan

+AnPhamKMoi()

+HuyBoAnPhamK()

Class1::AnPhamK

Hnh 2.13. Cc lp ca h thng th vin

16

2.4 BN TH LUN CHO TH VIN IN T NG NGHA

2.4.1 Bn th lun biu ghi th mc

2.4.2 Bn th lun cho cu trc ni dung

2.4.3 C bn v s phn cp

2.4.4 Xy dng bn th lun

2.5 TM KIM TRONG TH VIN NG NGHA

2.5.1 Tm kim trn s phn loi

2.5.2 Tm kim ng ngha

2.6 XY DNG ONTOLOGY TH VIN IN T

2.6.1 Gii thiu chung

2.6.2 M t cc lp trong Ontology th vin in t

Lp Topic: L lp ch ca ti nguyn thng tin, c s

dng phn loi ti liu.

Lp Language: Lp cha cc ngn ng th hin ca ti

nguyn.

Lp Publisher: Cha cc thng tin ca mt t chc hay c

th, thng tin lin lc ca nh xut bn.

Lp InformationResource: Lp cha tt c cc th mc ti

nguyn th vin.

Lp MagazineIssue: l lp n phm nh k. Mt s bo hay

mt tp hp ca xut bn nh k nh bo, tp ch.

Lp Book: l lp con ca lp InformationResource . Lp Sach

c thuc tnh ngoi cc thuc tnh k tha t InformationResource

cn c thuc tnh hasISBN.

Lp Thesis: l lp lun n, bo co, l lp con ca

InformationResource. Lp Thesis c cc thuc tnh hasInstructor

17

Lp MeetingProceedings: l lp k yu, cc bi bo c

thng qua ti cc hi ngh c xut bn nh mt cun sch. V d

Tp ch khoa hc.

Lp Type: l lp cc th loi ca ni dung ti nguyn, m t

bn cht ca ti liu. Dng cc thut ng m t phm tr kiu: trang

ch, bi bo, bo co, t in

Lp Creator: L lp cha thng tin v tc gi. Tc gi ca ti

liu bao gm c tc gi c nhn v tc gi tp th.

Lp HumanCreator: l lp con ca lp Creator cha thng tin

v ngi to ra ni dung ti liu.

Lp Contributor: l lp con ca lp Creator, cha thng tin

v tn nhng ngi cng tham gia cng tc ng gp vo ni dung ti

liu, c th l c nhn, t chc...

Lp Copyright:Lp cha cc thng tin lin quan n bn

quyn ti liu c thuc tnh hasCopyright, hasOwner

Lp Place: Th hin v tr ca mt ti nguyn. Lp Place c

thuc tnh l hasPlace.

Hnh 2.20. Cc lp trong Ontology th vin in t

18

2.6.3 M t cc thuc tnh trong Ontology th vin in t

Thuc tnh hasTopic: Thng tin m t ch ti nguyn

OWL Type:Object Properties

Domain: InformationResource

Range: Topic

Thuc tnh hasType: Thng tin m t th loi ti nguyn

OWL Type:Object Properties


Range: Type

Thuc tnh hasLanguage: Thng tin m t ngn ng ti

nguyn

OWL Type: Object Properties


Range: Language

Thuc tnh hasPublisher: Thng tin m t nh xut bn



Range: Publisher

Thuc tnh hasHumanCreator : M t thng tin tc gi, c nhn

to ra ti liu



Range: Creator

Thuc tnh hasContributor : M t thng tin ngi tham gia

cng tc ng gp vo ni dung ti liu.



19

Range: Creator

Thuc tnh hasCopyright



Range: Copyright

Thuc tnh hasISBN: Gn nh danh ISBN cho sch.

OWL Type: DatatypeProperty

Domain: Book

Range: String

Thuc tnh hasISSN: Gn nh danh dng ISSN cho k yu.


Domain: MeetingProceedings

Range: String

Thuc tnh hasPlace : M t v tr ti nguyn.



Range: Place

Thuc tnh hasDescription: M t tm tt ti nguyn



Range: String

Thuc tnh hasDate: M t nm xut bn ti nguyn



Range: String

Thuc tnh hasTitle: M t tiu ti nguyn


20


Range: String

Thuc tnh hasKeywords



Range: String

Thuc tnh hasInstructor: M t thng tin ngi hng dn


Domain: Thesis

Range: String

Thuc tnh hasVolume: tp ca mt tp san, k yu hay

quyn sch c nhiu tp.


Domain: Book

Range: String

Thuc tnh hasPageNumbers: M t s trang ca ti nguyn



Range: Int

Thuc tnh hasOwner: M t c nhn, t chc s hu bn

quyn ti liu


Domain: Copyright

Range: String

2.6.4 Kho cha Ontology th vin in t

21

CHNG 3

PHT TRIN NG DNG SEMATIC WEB

3.1 M T GII PHP

3.1.1 Vn kh khn

3.1.2 Gii php khc phc

3.2 M HNH HOT NG CA H THNG

3.3 XY DNG D LIU THEO M HNH RDF GATEWAY

3.3.1 S dng cng c SQL Management

3.3.2 Xy dng c s d liu

3.4 CI T V TH NGHIM

3.4.1 Chc nng tm kim ng ngha

Hnh 3.4. Chc nng tm kim

22

3.4.2 To d liu bng tay

Hnh 3.5. Chc nng nhp liu

3.4.3 Bc tch d liu t file

Hnh 3.6. Chc nng bc tch d liu t file

3.4.4 Chc nng xem, sa, xa lun vn

23

KT LUN

Semantic hin nay l mt ng dng web ang c pht trin v

ngy cng c p dng nhiu v l ci ch hng ti thay th

web hin nay. Vic tm hiu v semnatic web s gip cho chng ta c

ci nhn tt cng nh cc khi nim nn tng v lnh vc ny. Vi s

a dng v thng tin, v nhu cu cn thit s dng thng tin hiu qu,

nhanh chng ca cc t chc v c nhn. c bit, vi xu hng a

cc ng dng ln nn web nh hin nay th Web ng ngha ngy

cng tr nn thc tin. Nghin cu xy dng ng dng semantic web

tm kim thng tin th vin ti trng Cao ng Cng ngh Thng

tin c c nhng kt qu ban u

Trc tin l kt qu v phn l thuyt, nghin cu ny

nu ra c nhng nt c trng ca Web Semantic. Hn na, vic

i su vo nghin cu RDF v ontology nhng thnh phn quan

trng nht ca Web Semantic, cho thy c kh nng v hiu

qu s dng cao ca th h web ny.

Tip theo, nghin cu cn a ra c nhng cng c no l ti

cn thit pht trin mt ng dng Web Semantic hiu qu nht.

Song song vi n l vic gii quyt vn giao tip gia ngi v

my nht l vn a ngn ng trong th h web ny.

V mt ng dng cng mi a ra c nhng chc nng c

tnh cht chng minh cho l thuyt m cha c s u t nhiu v

cht lng hnh nh giao tip vi ngi s dng. Thm na chng

trnh cha khai thc c nhng d liu lin quan c xy dng

trong cc ontology trn mng.

Tuy nhin, trong tng lai ti ny c th pht trin tip tc

ng dng c vo cc vn thc tin. t c iu cn

24

pht trin theo cc hng nh: Trc tin l nghin cu v mt l

thuyt v ng dng trch lc v x l thng tin t web 2.0 c c

s lin kt gia hai th h web. Sau cn nghin cu m rng trnh

duyt web sao cho c th p ng vn truy xut d liu t nhng

ti nguyn c sn trn mng.

Trn y l ton b nghin cu v l thuyt v ng dng v

Web Semantic. Nghin cu ny da trn l thuyt v Web Semantic

do t chc W3C a ra v pht trin thnh cng ng dng cho

lnh vc tra cu thng tin th vin.

tomtat

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