外研版高一 (2)Module 2

Grammar

山东 翟纪友

不定式作状语

1) 不定式作目的状语： He broke into the house to steal

something.

Many drug addicts are now in

treatment centers to stop taking

drugs.

He’s saving up to buy a new car.

He uses a computer to send emails.

2) 有时候在不定式前面加上 in order to

或 so as to, 否定式为 in order not

to 和 so as not to:

Let’s hurry so as to go to school in time.

Let’s hurry so as not to be late for school.

She studied very hard in order to catch up with others.

She studied very hard in order not to lag behind.

3) 不定式表示目的时 , 通常它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语 , 但如果不是的话 , 就要用 for… 结构表示逻辑主语 , 如： Mom opened the door for Jane and Betty to come in.

We are now using the series “ New Standard English” for students to make great progress.

请注意以下结构：It is so kind of you to come and help us.

( 这时 , you 既是 to come and help us 的主语，又是 kind 的逻辑主语） e.g. It’s rude of him to say so.

不定式还可以作结果或原因状语：表结果：

•What have I done to get all this?

•She went abroad never to return.

•He was so late as to miss half of the lecture.

•She is such a good student as to be

respected by all her classmates.

•The house is large enough to hold two

hundred by all her classmates.

•The house is large enough to hold two

hundred people. •He is too young to do the job.

表原因： •She was surprised to see us in the street.

•He laughed to hear the news.

•The old lady rejoiced to learn that her

son was the champion of the match. 2. so… that… 和 such (a, an) … that …

引导的结果状语从句1)so…that… 和 such (a, an)…that… 都引导结果状语从句

Some of them behave so badly that

people call the police.

It was such a dangerous drug that he

nearly died.

It was such loud music that we

couldn’t hear ourselves speak.

2) so 的后面跟形容词或副词： The night scene of that night was so

beautiful that we didn’t want to come

back at all.

They played so happy that they

forgot the time. 3) such (a,an) 后面跟名词

• They were such dangerous drug

dealers that people had to ask the

police for help.

• It is such an interesting story that

all of them like it.

Summary:

such+a+adj.+n.( 可数 )+that 从句

such+adj.+n.( 不可数 )+that 从句so+adj+a+n.( 可数 )+that 从句

so+many/few+n. ( 可数 ) +that 从句so+much/little+ n.( 不可数 ) +that 从句

4) 不定式做状语和结果状语的转换He was so late as to miss half of the lecture.

He was so late that he missed half of the lecture.

She is such a good student as to berespected by all her classmate.

She is such a good student that she is respected by all her classmate.

The house is large enough to hold two hundred people.

The house is so large that it can hold two hundred people.

He is too young to do the job.

He is so young that he can’t do the job.

补充 :so, as a result of, as a result 三者的区别1. so 表示结果，后面跟句子。如： The shops were closed so I didn’t get a

ny milk.

2. as a result of + 名词 / 动名词 / 代词 表示原因 如：

3. as a result 后面跟结果 , 用在句子中间 .

Practice

1.Complete the sentence using to, so as (not) to or in order (not) to. There may be more than one possible answer.

1.Some countries have banned smoking in public places ____________________

improve public heath.2.Tom is in a treatment centre

____________________ stop using drugs.3.I have stopped smoking ___________

in order to/ so as to/ to

in order to/ so as to/ toso as not to

_____________ have health problems when I am older.4. I keep away from smokers _______________________ start smoking again.5. The government is increasing the price of cigarettes ____________________ stop smoking.6. Children do a lot of things ___________________ be like adults.

in order not to

so as not to/ in order not to

in order to/ so as to/ to

in order to/ so as to/ to

1. Crack cocaine ____ an addictive drug that drug users steal to pay for it.2. Smoking is ____ a common activity that many people don’t know it is dangerous.3. Drug addition is ____ a serious problem that the government is opening more treatment centres.4. The cost of treatment is ___ expensive

that only a few addicts get help.

2. Fill the blank with so or such.

so

such

such

such

3. Complete the sentences with so, as a result of, or as a result.

1. He couldn’t stop drinking alcohol, ____ he went into a treatment centre.2. “I’ve stopped smoking. __________, I

feel really fit and healthy.3. He has got lung cancer _____________

smoking twenty cigarettes a day.4. She got AIDS ___________ injecting

drugs.

so

As a result

as a result of

as a result of

5. Many people die ___________ living or working with heavy smokers.6. The police arrested him burglary. _________ he is now in prison.

as a result of

As a result