上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司 2003.12

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上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司2003.12

GSMGSM 移动通信系统原理培训讲义移动通信系统原理培训讲义有线接口信令协议有线接口信令协议

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AbisAbis 接口信令接口信令

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主叫流程（一）MS BSC

Channel activation ackChannel activationChannel required

CM service accept

Call proceeding

SABM(cm_serv_req)Immediate assign command

establish indication

BTSChannel request

UA(cm_serv_req)Immediate assignment

Setup

Data request(CM service accept)

Data Ind(Setup)Data request(Call proceeding)

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主叫流程（二）MS BSCBTS

Channel activation ackAssignment command


Assignment Complete Deactivate SACCH

Release request(local end rel)Release confirm

RF Channle releaseRF Channel release ack

AlertingConnect

Connect acknowledge

SABMUA

Channel activation

Data req.(Assignment command)

Data Ind.(Assignment Complete)

Data req.(Alerting)Data req.(Connect)Data Ind.(Connect

acknowledge)

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主叫流程（三）MS BSCBTS

Channel Release

Release CompleteRelease

RF Channle release

DISC

Deactivate SACCH

RF Channel release ack

Release IndicationUA

Disconnect Data Ind.(Disconnect)Data Req.(Release)

Data Ind.(Release Complete)Data Req.(Channel Release)

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主叫流程（四）MS BSCBTS

Channel Release

Release Complete

Release

RF Channle release

DISC

Deactivate SACCH

RF Channel release ack

Release IndicationUA

Disconnect Data Ind.(Disconnect)

Data Req.(Release)Data Ind.(Release Complete)

Data Req.(Channel Release)

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被叫流程（一）MS BSCBTS

Channel activation ackChannel activationChannel required

Call confirm

SABM(pag_resp)Immediate assign command


Channel request

UA(pag_resp)Immediate assignment

Setup

CM service accept

Paging CommandPaging Request

Data req.(CM service accept)

Data req.(Setup)

Data ind.(Call confirm)

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被叫流程（二）MS BSCBTS

Channel activation ackAssignment command


Assignment CompleteDeactivate SACCHRelease requestRelease confirm

RF Channle releaseRF Channel release ack

AlertingConnect

Connect acknowledge

SABMUA

Channel activation

Data req.(Assignment command)

Data ind.(Assignment Complete)

Data ind.(Alerting)Data ind.(Connect)

Data req.(Connect acknowledge)

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小区间切换MS BSCBTS1 BTS2

Channel activationChannel activation ack

Measurement resultHandover commandMeasurement report

Handover access

Handover complete

SABMUA

Data ind.(HO complete)

Physical information


Handover detection

Release Request(local)Release Confirmation

RF Channel Release ACK

RF Channel Release

Data req.(HO command)

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A A 接口信令接口信令

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A接口信令

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A接口信令MS BSS MSC

ASSIGNMENT REQUESTASSIGNMENT COMMAND

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETEASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

Channel Type

Priority

Circuit Identity Code(MSC Allocate)

Downlink DTX Flag

Interference Band To Be Used

Classmark Information 2

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

RR Cause

Circuit Identity Code

Cell Identifier

Chosen Channel

Circuit Pool

Speech Version(Chosen)

Channel Type

Speech/data indicator:Speech/Data/Signaling

Channel rate and type:Full rate(Half rate)/SDCCH

Permitted speech version indication:FRV1/FRV2(EFR)

Priority

Preemption Capability Indicator

Priority Level:1~14

Queueing Allowed Indicator:Allowed/not Allowed

Preemption Vulnerability Indicator


a-k:PCM No.,max 2048

xxxxx:timeslot No.

Interference Band To Be Used

bitmap format for band1~band5

RR Cause

Normal

Circuit Pool

No1:FRV1;FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s

No4:FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s

N05:FRV1;FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s

Classmark Information 2Phase1/Phase2 MSControlled Early Classmark Sending RF Power CapabilityPseudo Synchronization CapabilitySupplementary Service Screening IndicationMT SMS pt. To pt. CapabilityFrequency Capability(GSM900 Extended?)A5/1;A5.2;A5/3Classmark 3

T10

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ASSIGNMENT REQUESTASSIGNMENT COMMAND

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

Cause

RR Cause

Circuit Pool

Circuit Pool List

Cause

Requested terrestrial resource unavailable

Requested transcoding/rate adaption available

Requested speech version unavailable

Circuit pool mismatch

Switch circuit pool/Terrestrial circuit already allocated

Equipment failure/No radio resource available/O&M intervention

Radio interface message failure

Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel

T10

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

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Clear Request

Cause

Cause

Radio interface message failure

O&M intervention

Protocol error between BSS and MSC

Preemption

CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR REQUEST

CLEAR COMPLETE

Clear Command

Cause

Cause

Call control

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

Handover successful


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A接口信令

Handover RequiredCauseResponse RequestCell Identifier List(Preferred)Circuit Pool ListCurrent ChannelSpeech Version(Used)Queueing Indicator

CauseUplink Quality Uplink StrengthDownlink Quality Downlink StrengthDistance Better CellTraffic Response toMSC InvocationDirected Retry Switch Circuit PoolPreemption O&M Intervention

Response RequestRequest HANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT if result in no handover

Cell Identifier ListMax n,which is set by O&M,from 1 to 16, list is given in order of preference

CauseO&M interventionEquipment failureRequested terrestrial resource unavailableInvalid message contentsRequested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable

CauseRequested terrestrial resource unavailable Ciphering algorithm not supported Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable Requested Speech version unavailableCircuit pool mismatch Switch circuit poolO&M intervention Equipment failureNo radio resource available Invalid cellRadio interface failure,reversion to old channelTerrestrial resource already allocated

Handover RequestChannel Type Encryption InformationClassmark Information 1 or 2 Cell Identifier(Serving)Priority Circuit Identity CodeDownlink DTX Flag Cell Identifier(Target)Interference Band To Be Used CauseClassmark Information 3 Current ChannelSpeech version(Used) Config. Evolution IndChosen Encryption Algorithm(Serving)

Configuration Envolution IndicationSMI:Subsequent Modification Indication,whether modification is allowed or not

Classmark Information 1Phase1/Phase2 MSControlled Early Classmark Sending RF Power CapabilityA5/1

Classmark Information 3Multi-bands supported,E-GSM/DCS1800/R-GSMRF Power Capability for each bandA5/4,A5/5,A5/6,A5/7UCS2

Handover FailureCauseRR CauseCircuit PoolCircuit Pool List

Handover Required RejectCauseHandover Request ACKLayer3 InformationChosen ChannelChosen Encryption AlgorithmCircuit PoolCircuit Identity Code

Handover CommandLayer3 InformationCell Identifier

MS BSS MSCHANDOVER REQUIRED

HANDOVER REQUIED(1)

T7

HANDOVER COMMANDHANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT

HANDOVER REQUEST

BSS

HANDOVER FAILUREHANDOVER REQUEST ACK

T8

HANDOVER COMMANDHANDOVER ACCESS

HANDOVER DETECTHANDOVER COMPLETEHANDOVER COMPLETE

CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETE

CLEAR REQUEST

HANDOVER FAILURE CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETE

HANDOVER FAILURE

Handover DetectNo information element except for message type

Handover CompleteRR Cause

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A接口信令

Handover PerformedCauseCell IdentifierChosen ChannelChosen Encryption AlgorithmSpeech Version(Chosen)

MS BSS MSC

T8

HANDOVER COMMAND


CLEAR REQUEST

HANDOVER FAILURE

HANDOVER ACCESSHANDOVER COMPLETE

HANDOVER PERFORMED

CauseUplink Quality Uplink StrengthDownlink Quality Downlink StrengthDistance Better CellTraffic Directed RetrySwitch Circuit Pool PreemptionO&M Intervention

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A接口信令

Handover PerformedCauseCell IdentifierChosen ChannelChosen Encryption AlgorithmSpeech Version(Chosen)

MS BSS MSC

T10

ASSIGNMENT COMMAND


CLEAR REQUEST

ASSIGNMENT FAILUREASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

HANDOVER PERFORMED

CauseUplink Quality Uplink StrengthDownlink Quality Downlink StrengthSwitch Circuit Pool O&M Intervention

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Paging

IMSI

TMSI

Cell Identifier List

Channel Needed


Cell Identification discrimination:

1.CGI

2.LAC+CI

3.CI

4.No Cell

5.LAI

6.LAC

7.All Cells on the BSS

PAGINGPAGING REQUEST TYPE 1/2/3

Channel Needed

Any channel(default)

SDCCH

TCH/F

TCH/H or TCH/F

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CM SERVICE REQUESTPAGING RESPONSE

COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION

Complete Layer 3 Information

Cell Identifier

Layer 3 Information

Chosen Channel

CM REESTABLISHMENT REQUESTLOCATION UPDATING REQUEST

IMSI DETACH

Extract classmark information

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Classmark update



CLASSMARK REQUESTCLASSMARK ENQUIRY

CLASSMARK CHANGECLASSMARK UPDATE

(option suppress or delay)CLASSMARK UPDATE(handover)

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Cipher Mode Command

Encryption Information

Cipher Response Mode

CIPHER MODE COMMAND

CIPHERING MODE COMMANDCIPHERING MODE COMPLETE

CIPHER MODE COMPLETE

CIPHER MODE REJECT

Encryption Information

Permitted algorithm:A5/1,A5/2, A5/3,A5/4, A5/5,A5/6, A5/7

Key

Cipher response Mode

IMSI must (not) be included by MSCipher Mode Reject

Cause

Cause

Ciphering algorithm not supported

Invalid message contents

Cipher Mode Complete

Layer 3 message contents

Chosen Encryption Algorithm

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A接口信令BSS MSC

ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

QUEUING INDICATION

Queuing Indication

only Message type

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

CLEAR REQUEST(?)T11

BSS MSCHANDOVER REQUEST

HANDOVER FAILURE

QUEUING INDICATIONHANDOVER REQUEST ACK

HANDOVER FAILURETqho

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BLOCK/UNBLOCK

BLOCK


Cause

Connection Release Requested

Cause

No radio resource available

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T1BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKBLOCK/UNBLOCK

T1

Notify to O&M

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE


UNBLOCK


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CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK

Cause


Circuit Identity Code List

Cause


O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T20CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCKT20

Notify to O&M

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE



CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK




Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255

Status,no indication/block

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BLOCK/UNBLOCK

BLOCK


Cause

Connection Release Requested

Cause


O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T21BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKBLOCK/UNBLOCK

T21

Notify to O&M

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE


UNBLOCK


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CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK

Cause



Cause


O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T22CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCKT22

Notify to O&M

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE



CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK




Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255

Status,no indication/block

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RESOURCE REQUEST

Periodicity

100ms~25500ms

RESOURCE INDICATION(1/2/3/4)

RESOURCE INDICATION(3)

RESOURCE INDICATION(1) condition metPeriod

Resource Request

Periodicity

Resource Indication Method

Cell Identifier

Extended Resource Indication


1:Spontaneous resource information expected

2:One single resource infoprmation expected

3:Periodic resource information expected

4: No resource information expected

Extended Resource Indication

SM:Subsequent Mode(only valid forRIM=2)

0--Method 4

1--if RIM of before is 1 or 3, no changed;

otherwise, 4

TARR:Total Accessible Resource Requested

Resource Avaliable

Band1~Band5, number of idle FR/HRResource Indication


Resource Avaliable

Cell Identifier

Total Resource Accessible

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RESET

Reset

Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T13 RESET ACK

RESET (n)

RESET (1)

T16

T16

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RESET

Reset

Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T2 RESET ACK

RESET (n)

RESET (1)

T4

T4

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RESET CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit


Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

RESET CIRCUIT ACK

RESET CIRCUIT(n)

RESET CIRCUIT(1)

T19

T19

UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit


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RESET CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit


Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

RESET CIRCUIT ACK

RESET CIRCUIT(n)

RESET CIRCUIT(1)

T12

T12

UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit


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HANDOVER CANDIDATE ENQUIRE

Handover Candidate Enquire

Number of MSs


Cell Identifier

HANDOVER REQUIRED(1)

HANDOVER REQUIRED(n)

Handover Candidate Response

Number of MSs

Cell Identifier

HANDOVER CANDIDATE RESPONSE

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Overload

Cause

OVERLOAD

Cause

Processor overload

O&M intervention

OVERLOAD(ignored)T18

T17OVERLOAD

Decrease random access traffic by 1 step

Decrease random access traffic by 1 step

Increase random access traffic by 1 step

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Overload

Cause

Cell Identifier

OVERLOAD

Cause

Processor overload

O&M intervention

CCCH overload

OVERLOAD(ignored)T6

T5OVERLOAD

Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step

Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step

Increase MSC originated traffic by 1 step

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DTAP MESSAGE(SAPI in DLCI0)

SAPI “n” Reject

DLCI

Cause

SAPI “n” REJECT

Cause

O&M intervention

Processor overload

BSS not equipped

MS not equipped

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CONFUSION

Confusion

Cause

Diagnostics

CONFUSION

Cause

Invalid message contents

Information element or field missing

Incorrect value

Unknown message type

Unknown information element


Invalid cell

UNEQUIPPED CIRCUITUNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT

Unequipped Circuit



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A接口信令BSS MSC BSS

LOAD INDICATION

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure


Processor overload

Traffic load

Load Indication

Time Indication

Cell Identifier

Cell Identifier List(Target)

Resource Situation

(if without, the indicated cell is not able to perform incoming handover request)

Cause

LOAD INDICATION

Time Indication

0:No value valid

255:infinite

others:10s~2540s

Resource Situation

number of SDCCH channel in each interference band

number of TCH/F channel in each interference band

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A接口信令

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MAP MAP 接口信令接口信令

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MAP 所应用的接口• VLR-HLR 用户信息、位置信息• MSC-HLR 查询路由• VLR-VLR 用户信息• MSC-MSC 切换、短消息• MSC-EIR 设备鉴权

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MAP

• GSM 网移动系统实体—归属位置寄存器 (HLR)—拜访位置寄存器 (VLR)—移动业务交换中心 (MSC)—设备识别积存器 (EIR)—关口局 MSC(GMSC)

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动态数据库 VLR

• VLR (Visitor Location Register) ：拜访位置寄存器。实际上是一个数据库，储存用户信息，主要包括：– MSRN (Mobile Station Roaming Number) : 移动台漫游号码– TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identification) : 临时移动用户身份– 移动台登记的位置区（ LAC ）– 与补充业务有关的数据

• 可分配一个 MSRN ，还可以分配一个 TMSI 用于用户的身份保密。

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静态数据库 HLR

• HLR (Home Location Register) ：归属位置寄存器。实际上是一个数据库，主要储存二类数据：– 用户数据，主要包括：

• 用户的身份 IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identification)• 用户 ISDN 号码• VLR 地址

– 用户的位置信息

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MAP 的应用• GSM NO.7 信令网的等级结构

HSTP HSTP HSTP

LSTP LSTP

SPSP SP

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信令网和话路网的对应关系•

TMSC1 HSTP H&LSTP TMSC1

TMSC2

MSC

LSTP TMSC2

MSC

话路信令链

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信令网的寻址方式• MAP 是专为 GSM 要求而设计的，是 TCAP 的一个

客户，位于 TCAP 之上。 MAP 协议支持一个物理实体同时和几个物理实体的通信，主要功能是支持移动用户的位置登记、位置删除、用户业务管理、参数管理、漫游、越区切换、鉴权、保密数据传输等。 CIC 表示该消息属于哪条话音电路（它的长度是 12 比特，因此一条数字信令链路理论上可载送 212 =4096 条话路的信令消息）。在 GSM 信令网 SP 、 STP 间传送 MAP 信令消息必须有 SCCP 的支持， SCCP 的地址是由 GT 、 DPC 、SSN 组成。

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MAP 支持的程序• --- 位置登记 / 删除• --- 切换• --- 复原• --- 操作维护• --- 补充业务• --- 短消息处理• --- 呼叫处理• IMEI 的管理

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位置登记 / 删除• VLR HLR PVLR

Send Authen

Send Authen Ack

Update-locationCancel-location

Cancel-location AckInsert Sub.Data

Insert Sub.Date Ack

Update-location Ack

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故障后复原程序—— VLR 复原• VLR HLR

Provide Roaming Number

Provide Roaming Number Ack.

Send Authentication

Send Authentication Ack.

Restore Data

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故障后复原程序—— VLR 复原• Insert Sub. Data

Insert Sub. Data Ack

Restore Data Ack.

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故障后复原程序—— HLR 复原• HLR VLR

Reset

Update Location

Active Trace Mode

Active Trace Mode Ack.

Insert Sub.Data

Insert Sub.Data Ack

Update Location Ack

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呼叫建立期间获得路由数据• GMSC HLR VLR

Send Routing Information

SRI Ack.


PRN Ack.

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移动发起短消息业务传送• MSC/VLR HLR SC

Forward SM

Forward SM Ack

Send Routing Info

Send Routing Infor for SM Ack.

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短消息提醒程序• MSC/VLR HLR SC

Ready for SM

Ready for SM Ack.

Alert SMC

Alert SMC Ack.

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位置更新过程

VLR

HLR

VLR

BSS VMSCUmA

B

newold

Loc update cancellation

Id inquiringLocation Update 的起因：1 ） SIM 卡第一次使用2 ）位置区发生变化3 ）周期位置更新4 ） IMSI attach/detach

D D

G

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位置更新流程 (1)在同一 VLR/MSC中的位置更新

MS VMSC VLRBSSLoc upd req Cmpl L3 Info Upd loc area

Authenticate Authentication req

Authentication respAuthenticate ack

Fwd new TMSI ack

Cipher mode cmdCiphering mode cmd

Upd loc area ackCiphering mode comp Cipher mode comp

Loc upd acc

TMSI reallocation cmp

Fwd new TMSI

Set ciphering mode

Update location areaTarget location area IdServing cell IdLocation update typeIMSITMSIPrevious location area Id

Update location area ACKUser errorProvider error

User errorunknown subscriberunknown location arearoaming not allowedillegal subscriberillegal equipmentsystem failure;

AuthenticateRANDCKSN

Authenticate ACKSRESSet Ciphering Modeciphering mode:no,A5/1~7Kc

Forward New TMSITMSI

Forward New TMSI ACKProvider error

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位置更新流程 (2)在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR可及

MS VMSC VLRnBSSLoc upd req

Upd Loc area

Auth.Auth. reqAuth. resp Auth. ack

Set ciph. modeCiph. Mode cmdCiph. mode cmdFWD new TMSICiph. mode cmp

Ciph. mode cmpLoc upd acc

Fwd new TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp

HLR

Upd loc

Upd loc ack

VLRo

Send IdSend Id ack

Cancel location.Cancel location ack

Upd Loc area ack

Send IdentificationTMSI

Send Identification ackIMSIAuthentication setUser error:unidentified subscriberProvider error

Update locationIMSIMSC addressVLR numberLMSI

Update location ack

HLR number

User error

Provider error

User errorunknown subscriberroaming not allowedsystem failure;unexpected data value

Cancel location

IMSI

LMSI

Cancel location ack

User error: unexpected data value

Provider error

Insert subs dataInsert subs data ack

Insert subscriber dataIMSI MSISDN CategorySubscriber status Bearer service listTeleservice list Fwd info listCall bar info list CUG info listSS-data list Operator determined barring general dataOperator determined barring HPLMN dataRoaming restriction due to unsupported featureRegional subscription data VLR CAMEL subscription info

Insert subscriber data ackBearer service list Teleservice listOperator determined barring general dataSS code list Regional subscription responseSupported CAMEL phasesUser error:unidentified subscriber,data missing,unexpected data valueProvider error

Cmpl L3 Info

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位置更新流程 (3)在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR不可及

MS VMSC VLRnBSSLoc upd req

Upd Loc area





HLR

Upd loc

Upd loc ack

VLRo


Upd Loc area ack

Provide IMSI ackIMSIuser error:absent subscriberProvider error

Provide IMSIID reqID resp Provide IMSI ack Send Auth. info

Send Auth info ack


Cmpl L3 Info

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位置更新流程 (4)在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR可及，但信息丢失

MS VMSC VLRnBSSLoc upd req Upd Loc area




HLR

Upd loc

Upd loc ack

VLRo


Upd Loc area ack

Provide IMSIID reqID resp Provide IMSI ack

Send IdSend Id ack


Send Auth. infoSend Auth info ack


Cmpl L3 Info

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位置更新流程 (5)

在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR可及，但信息丢失MS VMSC VLRnBSS

Loc upd req Loc upd req Loc area upd

Auth.Auth.Auth.Auth. resp Auth. resp Auth. ack

Set ciph. modeStart cipheringCiph. mode cmdLoc upd accCiph. mode cmp


TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp

HLR

Loc upd reqLoc upd ack

VLRo

Cancellation.Cancellation ack

Id req.Id req.Id req.Id resp Id resp Id resp

unknownId req.

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IMSI Detach 流程MS VMSC VLRBSS

IMSI Detach Cmpl L3 Info Detach IMSI

Detach IMSIIMSITMSI

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清除 MS 流程MS VMSC VLRBSS

Purge MS ack

Purge MSIMSIVLR number

Purge MS

MS 没有在规定的时间里作周期性位置更新，或 O&M 操作清除 MS

Purge MS ackProvider error

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移动主叫（ MO ）过程BSS VMSC

VLRVPLMN(visited)

IAM （ ISUP ）

SIFOCComplete call

UmA

B

IAM : Initial address message

ISUP : ISDN user part

SIFOC : Send information for outgoing call

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MO 信令流程MS VMSC VLRBSSCM service req Process access req

AuthenticateAuthenticate requestAuthenticate resp Authenticate ack

CM service accept Process access req acksetup SIFOC

Complete callAssignment requestAssignment cmd

Assignment comp Assignment complete

Call proceeding

IAMACMANM

AlertConnect

Connect ack

Cmpl L3 Info

Process access requestCM service typeAccess connection statusCurrent location IDTMSI/IMSICKSN

Process access request ackIMSIMSISDNUser error:Provider error

User errorunidentified subscriber illegal subscriber

illegal equipment roaming not allowed

unknown location area system failure

unexpected data value

Send information for outgoing callCalled numberBearer serviceTeleserviceCUG indexSuppress preferential CUG

Suppress CUG outgoing access

Complete callMSISDN IMEICategory GSM bearer capabilityISDN bearer capabilityISDN low layer compatibilityISDN high layer compatibilityCLIP provision CLIR override provisionCLIR provision CLIR modeCOLP provision COLR override provisionCOLR provision No Reply Condition TimerCUG index CUG interlockCUG outgoing access Advice of Charge provision

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移动被叫（ MT ）过程BSSVMSC

VLR

VPLMN

IAM (ISUP) SIFICPage/ackComplete call

UmA

BGMSC

HLR

IAM(ISUP)

Send routeing info/ack Provide roaming n

umber/ack

SIFIC : Send information for incoming call

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GMSC VLR VMSC BSS MSIAMSIFIC

Page/Search MS Paging Paging requestPaging responseProcess access req

Complete call SetupCall conf

Assignment request Ass cmdAss cmpAssignment cmp

AllertingACMConnectANMConnect ackComplete call ack

移动被叫流程Cmpl L3 Info

Process access req ack

Send Information for Incoming CallMSRNBearer serviceTeleserviceDialled numberNumber of forwardingCUG interlock

CUG outgoing access

Page IMSILocation area IDPage typeTMSI

Search MSIMSIPage typeTMSI

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MT 获取路由信息GMSC VMSCVLRHLR

Send Routing InfoIAM


PRN ackSRI ack

IAM

Send Routing InformationInterrogation typeGMSC addressMSISDNAlerting PatternCUG interlockCUG outgoing accessNumber of forwardingISDN BCISDN LLC

ISDN HLC

Provide Roaming NumberIMSIMSC numberMSISDNLMSI

Provide Roaming Number ackRoaming numberUser errorProvider error

User errorAbsent Subscriber;

No Roaming Number Available;

OR Not Allowed;

Facility Not Supported;

System Failure;

Data Missing;

Unexpected Data Value

Send Routing Information ackIMSIRoaming numberForwarded-to numberForwarded-to subaddressNotification to calling partyForwarding reasonRedirecting presentationMSISDNCUG interlock

CUG outgoing access

User errorAbsent subscriber Bearer service not provisioned;

Call barred (Operator determined barring);

CUG reject (Called party SS interaction violation);

Data missing Facility not supported;

Forwarding violation Number changed;

System Failure Teleservice not provisioned;

Unexpected data value Unknown subscriber

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江苏上海北京

MSRN 路由接续的机理TMSC

MSC/VLR

TMSC

GMSCIAM

HLRMSC/VLR

TMSC

MSC/VLR

021

021

6495SRI

PRN“13901234567”

021-64957700

6495xxxx

6485xxxx

021-64957700

MSRNMSISDN MSRN64957700

64957701 6495ABCD

“13901234567”

0123

HLR 号

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切换流程• 小区内切换流程• 小区间切换流程• 外部切换流程• MSC 间切换

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小区内切换MSC BTSBSC MS

SABM(FACCH)

Measurement result

Channel activation ack

Establish indication

Release Confirmation

Measurement report

Assigment complete(FACCH)HO Performed

RF Channel Release ACK

Assigment command (FACCH)

Release Request

RF Channel Release

Channel activation

UA （ FACCH ）Receiver

Ready(FACCH)

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外部切换MSMSC BSS2 BSS1

Measurement Report(SACCH)

BTS2 BTS1

Measurement ResultHandover Required

Handover RequestChannel ActivationChannel Activation ACK

HO Request ACKHandover Command Handover Command(FACCH)

Handover Access(FACCH) Handover DetectionHandover Detection Physical Information (FACCH)SABM (FACCH)

Establish IndicationUA (FACCH)

Handover Complete (FACCH)Receiver Ready (FACCH)

Handover CompleteHandover Complete

Clear CommandRelease Request

Release ConfirmationRF Channel

ReleaseRF CH Release ACKClear Command

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MS/BSS-A MSC-A MSC-B BSS-B/MS VLR-BHO Required

MSC 间切换流程（一）

Prepare Handover Target cell IDBSS APDU

Prep HO Alloc HO numberHO RequestHO Request ack

Prep HO ack Send HO reportIAM Send HO report ackACMHO Command HO Detect

Proc access sigHO CompleteSend end sig reqClear Command

ANS

ReleaseSend end sig ack

Send Handover ReportHandover numberLinked ID

Prepare Handover ackBSS APDUHandover numberUser errorProvider error

User errorNo handover number available

System failure

Unexpected data value

Data missing

Process access signalBSS APDUSend end signalBSS APDU

Clear Complete

Clear CommandClear Complete

需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换

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MSC 间切换流程（二）不需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换

MS/BSS-A MSC-A MSC-B BSS-B/MS VLR-BHO Required Prep HO

HO RequestHO Request ack

Prep HO ack

HO Command HO DetectProc access sig

HO CompleteSend end sig reqClear Command

Send end sig ack

Clear Complete

Clear CommandClear Complete

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MSC 间切换流程（三）

Prepare subsequent Handover Target cell IDTarget MSC numberBSS APDU

Prep sub HOHO RequestHO Request ack Prep sub HO ack

HO Command

HO DetectHO Complete

Clear Command

Release

Send end sig ack

User errorUnkown MSC

Subsequent handover failure

Unexpected data value

Data missing

Prepare subsequent Handover ack User errorProvider error

Clear Complete

MSC B 切换回 MSC A ，使用电路连接

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MSC 间切换流程（四）Prep sub HOHO Request

HO Request ack Prep sub HO ackHO Command

HO DetectHO Complete

Clear CommandSend end sig ack

Clear Complete

MSC B 切换回 MSC A ，不使用电路连接

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MSC-A MSC-B BSS-B/MS MSC-C VLR-CHO Required

MSC 间切换流程（五）Prep sub HO

HO Request

Prep HO ack Send HO reportIAM

ACMHO Command HO DetectProc access sig

HO CompleteSend end sig req

Clear Command

ANS


Clear Complete

BSS-C/MS

Prep HOAlloc HO number

HO Request ack

Send HO report ack

Prep sub HO ack


Clear CmdClear Cmpl

MSC B 切换到 MSC C ，使用电路连接

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MSC-A MSC-B BSS-B/MS MSC-C VLR-CHO Required

MSC 间切换流程（六）Prep sub HO

HO Request

Prep HO ack

HO Command HO DetectProc access sigHO CompleteSend end sig req

Clear Command

Send end sig ack

Clear Complete

BSS-C/MS

Prep HO

HO Request ack

Prep sub HO ack

Send end sig ack

Clear CmdClear Cmpl

MSC B 切换到 MSC C ，不使用电路连接

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MSC 间切换流程（七）不需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换后，建立电路连接

MS/BSS-A MSC-A MSC-B BSS-B/MS VLR-BPrep HO

Assignment RequestAssignment Cmpl

Prep HO ack

Send end sig ack Clear CommandClear Complete

Alloc HO number

Send HO report

Send HO report ackIAMACMANS

Release

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SDCCH上的短信主叫流程MS BTS

Channel RequestRACH

AGCHSDCCHSDCCH

BSC MSCChannel RequestChannel Active

Channel Active ACKImm. AssignmentSABM(CM-SERV-

REQ) EST IND(CM-SERV-REQ) CR(CM-SERV-REQ)UA(CM-SERV-REQ) CC(AUTH-REQ)AUTH-REQ

AUTH-RESCIPH MODE CMDENCR CMDCIPH MODE CMD

CIPH MODE CMP CIPH MODE CMPSABM(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

Clear CommandChannel ReleaseDEACT SACCHDISC(SAPI=0) Release IndicationUA(SAPI=0)

Local releaseSAPI=3 Clear CompleteRF Channel Release

To SCFrom SC

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SDCCH上的短信被叫流程MS BTSPage RequestPCH

AGCHSDCCHSDCCH

BSC MSCPaging CommandChannel Request

Channel Active ACKImm. AssignmentSABM(Page Response) EST IND(Page Resp.) CR(Page Resp.)UA(Page Resp.) CC(AUTH-REQ)AUTH-REQ

AUTH-RESCIPH MODE CMDENCR CMDCIPH MODE CMD

CIPH MODE CMP CIPH MODE CMPSABM(SAPI=3) EST REQ(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

Clear CommandChannel ReleaseDEACT SACCHDISC(SAPI=0) Release IndicationUA(SAPI=0)

Local releaseSAPI=3 Clear CompleteRF Channel Release

PagingChannel Request

Channel Active

EST CONF(SAPI=3)CP-DATA

RACHFrom SC

To SC

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TCH上的短信主叫流程MS BTS

FACCHFACCH

SACCH

BSC MSC

To SC

ACTIVE CALL

ACTIVE CALL

CM SERV REQCM SERV ACC

SABM(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

From SC

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TCH上的短信被叫流程MS BTS

SACCH

BSC MSC

From SC

ACTIVE CALL

ACTIVE CALL

SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

To SC

EST REQ(SAPI=3) CP-DATA

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SDCCH上MSC间短信切换流程MS BTS-A

CP-DATAMSC-B MSBSC-A MSC-A BSC-B BTS-B

CP-ACKHANDO RQDPRE HANDOHANDO RQTCHAN ACTIV

CHAN ACTIV ACKHANDO RQT ACKPRE HANDO ACKHANDO CMD

HANDO CMD HANDO ACCHANDO DETPhysical INFHANDO DETProcess AccessSignalling SABM(SAPI=0)

UA(SAPI=0)HANDO COMPHANDO COMPSend end signal

Clear CMDRF CHAN RELRF CHAN REL ACK

Clear COMPForward Access Signalling CP-DATA EST REQ(3)SABM(SAPI=3)

EST CONF(3)UA(SAPI=3)CP-DATA

HANDO COMP

CP-ACKProcess AccessSignalling

To SC

From SC

To SC

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SACCH上MSC间切换流程MS BTS-A

CP-DATAMSC-B MSBSC-A MSC-A BSC-B BTS-B

CP-ACKHANDO RQDPRE HANDOHANDO RQTCHAN ACTIV

CHAN ACTIV ACKHANDO RQT ACKPRE HANDO ACK

HANDO CMDHANDO CMDHANDO ACC

HANDO DETPhysical INFHANDO DETProcess AccessSignalling SABM(SAPI=0)UA(SAPI=0)

HANDO COMPHANDO COMPSend end signalClear CMDRF CHAN REL

RF CHAN REL ACKClear COMP

Forward Access Signalling CP-DATA EST REQ(3)SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATA

HANDO COMP

CP-ACKProcess AccessSignalling

To SC

From SC

To SC

IAMACM

Answer

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优化中注意的问题• 1 ，不能建立呼叫或建立后即释放：• 在主叫用户呼叫时，未得到被叫方的任何响应，双方的信令流程正常。在这种情况下，可以检查双方 MSC 设置的 CIC 是否规范，即双方的选线方式是否正确。根据 DPC 的值的大小来设置 FIFO 或 LI

FO,否则发生“同抢”会大大降低接通率。• 2 ，用户通话过程中由于频繁切换失败，造成大量掉话：• 由于本MSC 没有预留足够 HO资源，这个问题可以从本局的局数据中得到确切结果。往往网络不断扩容，造成用户数增长很快，不能及时扩长 HO 数量。• 3 ，业务区边界存在单向切换：• 在边界上双方小区的切换成功率为 0 ，或相距较近的另一业务区小区发生不能切换的事件，则应该检查该小区的 LAC 和 CI 是否在归属 MSC 中漏做。

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优化中注意的问题• 4 ，建立呼叫后存在的“单通”现象过多：• 往往问题出在传输的质量上面，而这一类问题看似简单，却经常出问题。原来比较好的条件，但由于维护的疏忽和网络改造，造成“自环”或“连接”松动，并且这部分电路未隔离，所以应仔细复查。

上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司 2003.12

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