英语语法English Grammar

Unit 3

Numbers

Study objectives

Warm-up activity

Unit 3 Numbers

Homework

Study objectives

By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

describe the definition of numbers

classify the classes of numbers

grasp the usages of numbers

Study objectives

grasp the usages of Cardinal Numbers;

grasp the usages of Ordinal Numbers;

grasp the usages of Fractional Numbers;

Warm-up Activity

Let’s do some warm-up

exercises!

Translation

• a drop in the ocean 沧海一粟 • within a stone’s throw 一箭之遥• kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕• A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。

Translation

• at sixes and sevens

乱七八糟• on second thoughts

再三考虑• by ones and twos

三三两两地，零零落落地

• He had one over the eight after be drank only half bottle of the wine.

他才喝了半瓶酒就醉得七歪八倒了。• Two heads are better than one.

　三个臭皮匠胜过诸葛亮。

Translation

Translation

• One man’s meat is another man’s poison.

人各有所好。• I’ll love you three score and ten. 我会爱你一辈子。• His mark in math is second to none i

n the class. 他的数学分数在班上名列前茅。

Translation

• I always believe my sixth sense.

　我总相信我的直觉。• He talks about you nine times

out of ten when we have a chat.

　每次我们闲聊他几乎都谈及你。

• The parson officially pronounced that they became one.

　牧师正式宣告他们成婚。• I used to study in France in the

year one.

　我早年曾在法国学习。

Translation

Task 1.1

The classification of numbers

Contents

1. The classification of numbers2. Cardinal numbers3. Ordinal numbers4. Percentages5. Fractions6. Decimals7. Multiples8. Additional information9. Exercises of numbers

Task 1.2

Cardinal Numbers

基数词的构成 (一） I II III IV 1.one2.two3.three4.four5.five6.six7.seven8.eight9.nine10.ten

11.eleven12.twelve13.thirteen14.fourteen15.fifteen16.sixteen17.seventeen18.eighteen19.nineteen

20.twenty30.thirty40.forty50.fifty60.sixty70.seventy80.eighty90.ninety

一百 one hundred一千 one thousand一万 ten thousand十万 one hundred 　　　 thousand一百万 one million一千万 ten million一亿　 one

　 hundred million十亿　　 billion

基数词的构成（二）1. 20--100 之间各数词要在十位和个位之间加连字符号 “-”。　 22 　 twenty-two

99 　 ninety-nine2. 三位数数词要在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）

之间加 and 。　 157 　 one hundred and fifty-seven

208 　 two hundred and four3. 1,000 以上的数字，从后面向前数，每三位数加

“，”；第 1个“，”为 thousand ，第 2个“，”为 million 。 2,002 　 two thousand (and) two38,654 thirty-eight thousand six hundred (and)

fifty-four

基数词的用法1. 作定语 The nine girls are from Beijing.

这九个女孩是北京人。 2. 作主语 Eight is a good number.

8 是个好数字。

3. 作宾语 How many do you want?

Five, please. 你要多少？ 五个。 4. 作表语 They are altogether fourteen.

他们一共十四个人。 5. 作同位语 There is a room for you two.

有你们两人的房间。

Task 1.3

Ordinal Numbers

序数词的构成 1. 以与之相应的基数词加词尾 -th 构成 six —s

ixthfour—fourthten — tenth

2. 特殊形式 one—first

two—second three—third

3. 缩写形式阿拉伯数字 +序数词的最后两个字母。

first—1stsecond—2ndthird—3rd

序数词的用法 1. 作主语 The first is his. 第一个是他的。 2. 作宾语 Please pass me the third.请递给我第三个。

3. 作定语 The tenth boy is from Singapore.第十个男孩是新加坡人。

注意：序数词作定语时，前面一般要加定冠词 （或物主代词）

Task 1.4

Percentages

百分数

用法 :例句作状语 • The price of the computer was reduce

d by 24 per cent.

计算机价格降低了 24% 。• The output of cars in China this year is

48 per cent more than in 2001.今年中国小汽车产量比 2001 年上升了 48% 。

Task 1.5

Fractions

分数词的形式 •类别 : 1. 一般表示法 　 one fourth

　 two third

2. 其他表示法　 two and three fifths 　 a (one) half

　 a (one) quarter 　 three quarters

分数词的作用 1. 作主语　 A quarter of the students are from England.　 1/4 的学生是英国人。2. 作宾语　 We will use one fifth of the money for cons

truction. 　我们将用 1/5 的钱来进行建设。 3. 作表语　 My salary is only one third of that of his bo

ss. 我的工资只是他老板的 1/3 。

4. 作定语

　 It’s one-twentieth the thickness of a human

hair.

　它相当于人头发丝的 1/20 （那样粗细）。 5. 作状语

　 This room is one tenth larger than that one.

　这个房间比那个房间大 1/10 。

分数词的作用

Task 1.6

Decimals

小数的读法

• 例子：• 6.3 six point three

• 0.4 zero( 或 nought) point four

• 12.386 twelve point three eight six 806.07 eight hundred and six point o seven

小数的用法 • 作定语：• The number of college students is now 2.8 times t

hat of 1998 in our college.

•我们大学现在的学生人数是 1998年的 2.8倍。• Its capacity was 4.3 times as great as that in 1981.它的生产能力为 1981年生产能力的 4.3倍。

Task 1.7

Multiples

倍 数 • 通常用 time 表示倍数 • The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.

地球的大小是月球的 49 倍。• The output of computers was more than 3 t

imes greater.• 计算机产量增长了 3 倍多。• It is 8 times as big as Japan.•它有日本 8倍大。

Task 1.8

Additional Information

年份、月份、日期、时刻

1. 年份（年份是四位数字时，一般分为两位来读），表示年份用介词 in

1985 年　 nineteen eighty-five

1990 年 nineteen ninety

2000 年 two thousand

2006 年 two thousand and / o six

2. 月份（月份的第一个字母要求大写），表示月份用介词 in

月 份 缩写 月 份 缩写1 月 January Jan. 7 月 July Jul.

2 月 February Feb. 8 月 August Aug.

3 月 March Mar. 9 月 September Sep.

4 月 April Apr.10月 October Oct.

5 月 May May11月 November Nov.

6 月 June Jun.12月 December Dec.

4. 时刻（通常使用基数词来读），表示时刻用介词 at

8 点 eight o’clock / eight

9 点 15 分　 nine fifteen/ a quarter

past nine

14 点 15 分 fourteen fifteen

上午 9 点 　　 nine a.m.

下午 5 点 25 分　 five twenty-five p.m.

数学算式和编号表示法 类 别 例 子 读 法

数学算式

均用基数词加 plus 或 and

减 minus

乘 times

除 divided by

2+3=5

8-2=6

8×5=40

15÷3=5

15×10= ？

Two plus (and) three are (is) five.

Eight minus two is six.

Eight times five is forty.

Fifteen divided by three is five.

How much is fifteen times ten?

数学算式和编号表示法 类 别 例 子 读 法

编号表示

1. 编号一般用基数词

2. 如数字较小，可用以下两种形式：

1 ）名词 + 基数词

2 ） the+ 序数词+ 名词

203 房间7 号公共汽车中山路 118 号第八课

第二次世界大战

Room Two o three

Bus Number Seven

118 Zhongshan Road

Lesson eight 或 the Eighth Lesson

World War Two 或The Second World War

基数词的复数形式 作 用 例 句

1

Hundred, thousand, million 后有 of 时，要用复数形式，同时，前面不能加具体数目

Hundreds of cars came to the town.

They arrived in twos and threes.

2

表示“十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人们岁数或年代

He is in his early forties.

This story happened in the 1980s.

其他表示数字的词 类 别 例 子

1

dozen 意为“一打， 12个”，其结构：1 ）基数词 +dozen (of) +复数名词2 ） dozens of + 复数名词

two dozen eggs

dozens of students

2

score 意为“ 20” ，其结构：1 ）基数词 +score (of) +复数名词2) score s of + 复数名词

two scores of chairs

scores of years

Exercises for Numbers

Task 1.9

Ex. 1 Choose the best answer:

1. There are employees and several employers

in the company.

A. a thousand of B. thousand

C. thousands of D. thousands

2. He always wanted to have of books and he

has recently bought four .

A. hundreds...hundreds B. hundred...hundred

C. hundreds...hundred D. hundred...hundreds

3. The weight of the moon is only about of the earth. A. one eight B. one of eight C. one the eighties D. one eightieth

4. The assignment for Monday is to write about your best friend.

A. a two hundred word compositionB. a two hundred words compositionC. a two hundreds words compositionD. a two hundreds word composition

Ex. 1 Choose the best answer:

5. “How many presidents are there before Abraham Lincoln?” Fifteen, so he was ”A. the sixteenth presidentB. the sixteen presidentC. president sixteenD. president the sixteen

6. Jane Eyre is a good book. I have read it and I decide to read it . A. the second time B. a second time C. two time D. two times

Ex. 1 Choose the best answer:

7. My new bicycle cost me about my old one.A. three times thanB. three times as much asC. three times much thanD. three times as many as

8. When were you born? I was born . A. on July 3rd, 1973 B. in July 3, 1973 C. on July 3, 1973 D. in July 3rd, 1973

Ex. 1 Choose the best answer:

Keys

1. C  2. C  3. D  4. A 

5. A  6.B   7. B  8. A

Homework

1. Please finish the exercise on

Page 38 & Page 41-42.

1. Please study the on-line

resources about this unit.

Thank you!