广州市教育局教学研究室英语科 module 7 unit 3 grammar under the sea...

广州市教育局教学研究室英语科

Module 7 Unit 3 Grammar

Under The Sea

广雅中学易小曼提供


Learning about

language


Working at the _______(whale) station, I had _________ whales killed many times with my own eyes. On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I ___________ (sort 短语 ) my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay. Running down to the shore in time, we saw an _________ (huge 同义词 )animal.

whalingwitnessed

was sorting out

enormous

HW: Fill in the blanks according to the passage.


“It is called Old Tom, the killer.” George said as he ran ahead____ me. __ the distance we could see that something was happening. As we ___________ (draw 短语 ), I could see a whale____________ by a _____ of about six sharks. Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. Very soon, its body was dragged by the sharks down into the ________ of the sea.

of In

drew nearer

being attacked pack

depths


　语态时态

主动形式被动形式

一般式

完成式(not) doing (not) being done

(not)having done

(not)having been done


二 : V-ing 可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语

V-ing 形式表示的动作与主要动词同时发生或发生在主要动词之后，用其一般式 ;

V-ing 形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用其完成时。


V-ing 的用法：

1. 作主语 ★ Swimming is good for health.

★ ___________ (raise) your hat to a

a lady is good manners .

对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。 ★ ____________ (kill) by sharks in

the sea is a common thing .

Raising

Being killed


2. 作表语 ☆ Teaching is learning.

教学相长． ☆ My hobby is __________ (make)

model planes.

☆ What worried the child most was

_____ ___ (not, allow) to visit his moth

er in the hospital .

making

not being allowed


注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指玩火）To play with fire will be dangerous.（指一具体动作）


2). V-ing 形式和不定式都要有对称性 ; 当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是 V-ing 形式时，表语也用 V-in

g 形式。 To see is to believe.

= Seeing is believing.

注意


3). It’s no use (good) doing sth

It’s a waste of time doing sth

it 作形式主语 , 只用 V-ing, 不用不定式。 ※ It is + adj. + (for sb ) to do sth

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

覆水难收。 It is a waste of time ___________ (talk) to him .

It is important for me _______________ (learn) E

nglish .

talking

to learn


1._____ the exam will disappoint your parents. A. You failing B. Your failing C. You fail D. You to fail.

2. _____ the same mistake again made his parents very angry. A. His being made B. He has made

C. He had making D. His making 3. I don't think it's much good _____ to him.

A. writing B. to write C. write D. written

Exercises


4. Such books are not worthy _____ at all. A. of being read B. being read C. reading D. to read

5.It is no use ________ without through _________. A. to read; understood B. reading; understanding C. to read; understand D. read; to understand


3. 作宾语 V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语 , 也可作介词的宾

语。 ★We would appreciate hearing from you ．我们会珍惜你的来信。 ★ The bird escaped ______________ (catch) .

★ I feel like __________ (join) the army.

★ He was afraid of ____________

(abandon) by us.being abandoned

being caught

joining


注意：在 avoid, admit, appreciate, consider,

delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgi

ve, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, s

uggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist o

n , instead of, look forward to, object to,

keep on 等后只接 V-ing 形式作宾语。


Exercises1.The thief entered the room without _____. A. noticing B. being noticed C. having noticed D. having been noticed2. Besides _____, she is kind and tender.A. beautiful B. being beautiful C. she beautiful D. is beautiful3. When he heard the big noise, Tom stopped _____ and _____ to the window to see what was happening. A. to read; went B. reading; to go C. reading; going D. reading; went


注意① 在 want ， need ， require ， deserve 等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Your car needs filling. 你这车要充气了。This city deserves visiting. 这座城市值得光顾一下。The problem requires studying carefully .这个问题需要认真研究。The trees want watering .这些树需要浇水了。


② 在（ be ） worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。

His suggestion is worth considering.

The book is worth reading.③ 在 allow ， advise ， forbid ， permit 等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：We don’t allow smoking here. We don’t allow students to smoke.


1. . They don’t permit __________ noise her.

A. to make B. make C. making D.

made

2. The sentence wants __________ once more.

A. to explain B. explaining

C. being explained D. to be explained it

3. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed

__________.

A. catching B. to be caught

C. being caught D. to catch

Exercises


4. 作定语

＊ The girl standing there is my sister .

＊ This is a piece of __________ (surpris

e) news .

＊ The problem____________ (discuss) n

ow is very important.

＊ The farmers ____________ (work)

in the fields are tired .

surprising

being discussed

working


5. 作状语

◆ Hearing the good news , he jumped with joy .

◆ He sat at the table , __________ ( read ) China Daily .

◆______________ (ask) to answer the question, she couldn’t refuse.

◆__________ ( work ) hard , you will succeed .

reading

Working

Being asked


6. 作宾语补足语 :

● I saw people coming and going in

the street .

● I heard her ___________ (sing) a

song in her room.

● You’ll find the topic _____________

(discuss) everywhere now.

being discussed

singing


Compare !

7.--- Ving 一般时和一般时的被动形式 ;

1) He hurried home , looking behind

from time to time .

2) The building being repaired is our

dormitory .


--- Ving 的完成时和完成时的被动形式1) Having lit a candle , she went out.2) Having been asked to stay , I couldn’t leave .3) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction .

Think and compare! Think and compare!


8. 独立结构。 The meeting being over, we all left the

room and drove home.　会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。


Fill in the blanks :

1._________ (turn) to the right , you will

find the place you want .

2. ___________ (ask) to put on performance , she refused .

3. _______________ (finish) his work , Henry went home .

4. ________ (learn) new words is useful.

Turning

Being asked

Having finished

Learning


5. He disliked _____________ (interrupt)

in his experiment .

6. I apologize for ________________

(not, wait) for you .

7. _________________ (not, receive) an

answer , I wrote to him again .

8. ____________________ (give) such

a good chance , you should catch it .

being interrupted

not having waited

Not having received

Having been given


9. I didn’t mind ___________ (leave)

at home .

10. The house wants _________ (clean).

11. He came in without _________ (ask).

12. ________________ (show) around

the library , we were taken to see

the lab.

being left

cleaning

being asked

Having been shown


III. 将下列句子翻译成英语。

1. 他受不了别人那样开他的玩笑。

2. 这问题远远没有解决。

He could not bear being made fun of

like that.

This question is far from being settled.


3. 没有谁请他做，是他自己做的。

4. 在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。

5. 既然已做出了决定，下个问题就是如何制定一个好的计划。

He did it without being asked.

You can’t eat anything before being

operated on.

The decision having been made, the next

problem was how to make a good plan.

广州市教育局教学研究室英语科 module 7 unit 3 grammar under the sea...

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