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  • .

    Atomic Theory and Bios Chymos.

    1 .

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    (Science) (Physics) (Chemistry)

    2. Bios Chymos.

    (Chemistry)

    . (Bio Chemistry) .

  • Bio , Chymos . Bios & Chemos ( )

    (Bio Chemistry) . .

    ( 4 )

    .

    .

    3. Atomic Theory.

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    92

    90 .

    .

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  • ( 5 )

    .

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    2/3 . .

    2000

    .

    4 Measuring an Atom

    (Hydrogen) ( molecules)

    . (molecules)

    . 00000001

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    1/10

    . .

    .

    -

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    . 1600

  • ( 6 )

    .

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    62/100 4000

    . 62

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    4 .

    4

    .

    .

    .

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    5 ? What is in an Atom

    o .

    .

  • Neucleus . (Electron)

    .

    ( 7 )

    -

    (Proton) (Neutron) (Positron) (Yukon) .

    92

    o Proton

    (Electron) . (Hydrogen) (Atom)

    (Electron) , (Helium)

    2 , (Lithium) 3

    (Uranium)

    92 .

    m

    (Atomic Number) H. G. J. Mosely .

    . .

    4,000000

    0 .

  • 6 (Electrons)

    (Electrons) .

    c .

    ( 8 )

    7 100000000000000 7

    . (70,00,000,00000000)

    . , (Hydrogen) 1

    . 70000

    .

    17000 . .

    . - 7

    (Neacleus) 17000

    . 10 .

    .

    .

    . 1000 .

    . 20000 .

    .

  • .

    ( 9 )

    .

    ,

    .

    7 - Energy Stored in an Atom.

    . SA

    . . .

    5000 4

    75000 .

    . .

    . - - .

  • 8

    .

    .

    Ion Ionisation

    .

    Anion Cathion .

    ( 10 )

    (Proton) ( ) .

    30 .

    29 .

    80 79 .

    . .

    . - -

    .

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    . .

    .

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    Isotope .

  • .

    . .

    .

    .

    ( 11 )

    . Isotope .

    9 Radio Active Elements.

    , , . , .

    . Alpha , Beta, , Gama

    . 2 Helium

    . (Electrons) .

    X. Ray .

  • . .

    1700 .

    , , 1/8

    . 1700 .

    .

    , , .

    . 10000

    .

    .

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    3400, 00, 00, 000

    ( 12 )

    . 1700

    0 . .

    .

    .

    2 .

    , ,

    Radio active .

  • 10 Molecules

    (Molecules) . 92 . .

    . -

    2 .

    . .

    . .

    (H2 o) .

    .

    . .

    ( 13 )

    . .

    . Polar Molecules Non Polar

    Molecules . .

    . . .

  • Matter and Energy.

    .

    . o (Mass)

    . s (Quantity of Energy) .

    ( .

    .

    . ()

    . .

    5800 .

    1 ( . 200, 000, 000

    13 .

    6

    10000000

    ( 14 ) . 4,

    0000000 . .

    11 Fomation of Matter and Life

    . n

    Molecules

    M

  • .

    ( 12 ) . Table of Atomic Weights.

    Element

    Symbol Atomic number Appro: Atomic Weight

    International Atomic Weight o=16 Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium

    Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen f Fluorine Neon

    Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon H Hi Li Be B C N O F Ne

    Na Mg Al Si 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 4 7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20 23 24 27 28 1.00 4. 7. 9.1 11.0 12

    00 14 01 16 00 19.0 20 2 23 00 24 32 27.1 28.3

    ( 15 )

    Element Symbol Atomic number Appro. Atomic

    Weight International Atomic Weigth O=16 1 Phosphorus Sulphur

    Chlorine Argon Potassium Chlorine Scandium

    Titanium Vanadium Chronium Manganese Iron

    Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium

    Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium

    Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium

    Molybdenum Masurium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium

    Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium

    Iodine Xenon Caesium P S CI A K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se

    Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo

  • Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

    38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 31 32 35 5 40 39 40 44 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63 5

    65. 70 72.5 75. 79 80 83 85.5 87.5 89 90.5 93.5 96

    101.5 103 107 108 112 115 119 120 127 5 127 130 133 31.04 32.07 35.46 39.88 39.10 40 09 44.1 48.1

    51.06 52. 54.93 55 85 58 97 58 68 63.57 65.37 69.9 72.5 74 96 79.2 79 92 82 9 85 45 87 63 89 0 90 6

    93.6 96 0

    101 7 102. 9 106 7 107.88 112 40 114.8 119 0 120.2 127 5 126 92 130.2 132 81

    ( 16 )

    Element Symbol Atomic number Apro. Atomic

    Weight International Atomic Weigth O=16 Barium Lanthanum

    Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium

    Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium

    Dysprosium Homium Erbium Thulim Ytterbium Lutecium

    Hafnium Tantalum Woifrum Rhenium Osmium

    Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Blsmuth

    Polonium

    Radon

    Radium Actinium Thorium Uranium 2 Urannium Ba

    La Ce Pr Nd

    Sm Eu Gd Tb Ds

    Er Tu Yt Lu

    Ta W

  • Os Ir Pt Au Hs Tl Pb Bi Po

    Em

    Ra Ac Th U 2 U 56 57 58 59 60

    62 63 64 65 66

    68 69 70 74 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84

    86

    88 89 90 91 92 137 139 140 141 144

    150.5 152. 157 159 162 5

    167.5 168. 173. 175.

    181. 184.

    191 193. 195 197 200. 204 207 208 210

    222

    226.5 227. 232. 234 238.5 137 37 139 0 140 25 140 6 144.3

    150.4 152.0 157.3 159.2 162.5

  • 167.4 168.0 173.3 175.0

    181.0 184 0

    190.96 193.1 195.2 197.2 200.0 204.0 207.1 208.0 210.0

    222.0

    226.4 227.0 232. 234. 235.5

    n .

    ( 17 )

    13 Cell.

    .

    s . 1

    (2) Protoplasm

    (3) (Neucleus) (4)

    (Neuuleolus) . .

    ) . 1 1

    . 10000 1000

    ot .

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    . (1) (2) .

  • (Agamogenesis) .

    . - 1. Fission (2) Gemmation (3)

    Endogenous Cell Formatian .

    1 d - -

    (Fission)

    Gemmation .

    Endogenouse Multiple Fission .

    ( 18 )

    l (Sexual Reproduction) . (1) ,

    (2) .

    (1) - Heteromita

    Monda .

    ( 2 ) m .

    (

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  • . .

    - (1)

    Somatic Germinalcells

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    14 (1) Homotypical Mitosis

    i (Somatic Cells) . c

    Anaphase c

    .

    ( 19 )

    Centrosome . Cytoplasm

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    Centromes

    . Y .

    . . Anaphase .

    Metaphase :- - p

    Centrome . . .

    Ketaphase 3 .

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    .

    . Telophase .

    h . .

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    . Amiototic Division .

    15 Heterotypical Mitosis

    2 (Metaphase stage)

    . t 24 .

    2

    ( 20 )

    48 24 . 24 .

    48 . -

    48 96 .

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    16 Chromosomes & Genes

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    (Chronosome) .

    Genes .

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    ( 21 ) 17 Morula

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    Protoplasm

    2 4 8 .

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    (Inoganic Salt)

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    (Organic) a .

    Elements Present in Living Tissues

  • e . 100

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    1/20 ( ) Inorganic Salts

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    (Carbon) (Sulphur) (Phosphorus) (Chlorine)

    (Potassium) (Sodium) (Calcium) (Magnecium) (Copper)

    (Lithium) (Manganum) (Plumbum) (Zincum) (Arsenicum)

    .

    ) (Calcium) 99% (Phosphorus)

    75% , (Ferrum) 75% , (Iodine)

    (Thyroid Gland) , (Manganese)

    (copper) .

    (Hydrogen) (Oxygen) (Carbon) (Nitrogen)

    96% ( ) (Calcium) 20%

    (Phosphorus) 1% .

    , , ,

    ( 24 ) (electro lytes) , , .

  • ,

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    (Sulphur) (Phosphorus) (Calorine) (Bromine)

    (Iodine) (Fluorine) (Boron) (Silicon) (Potassium)

    (Sodiam) (Lithium) (Rubidium) (Magnesium) (Calsium)

    u (strontium) (Barium) (Zincum) (Mercury) (Aluminium)

    (thalium) (Titanium) (Tin) (Lead) (Arsenicum)

    (Selenlum) (Manganese) (Ferrum) (Cobalt) (Nickel) (Copper)

    (Silver)

    19 Enzymes

    . .

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    ( 25 )

    (Protiens & amino acids) (Fat) .

  • t ( Carbo hydrates)

    a .

    .

    ( 1/3 ) (Calory) 4

    . ( 1 30 15 16 .)

    (Carbohydrates) -

    1 (Mono Saccharides) 2 (Disaccha rides) 3 (Poly saccharides) .

    , .

    1. (Mono Saccha rides) (Molecules) M

    7 2 + 4 + 2

    (Biosc) Glucose

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    (Protienes)

    (Amino acid) +

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    ( 26 )

  • 1 (Simple Protiens) 2 (Conjugated Protiens) 3 (Derived

    Protines) .

    (Simple Protiens) ,

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    Villie ()

    Portal Vein .

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    . Lucine Tyrosine (Amino

    acid) (Cistine) .

    (Fats) .

    .

    . -

    (Olein) (Stearin) (Palmatin) .

    (Lawric Acid) (Myristic Acid) (Arachidic acid) (Linolic

    acid) Lino lenic acid) .

    (Fats) 1 9 .

    ( 27 )

  • Lipoid

    Protien

    Ether . . -

    1 2 . 3

    Cholestrin ( ) . .

    Phosphotides ,

    , .

    Cholesterol ( ) .

    - -

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    ( Venum) ( .

    ( )

    ,

    () Obesity .

  • ( 28 )

    20 Vitamins

    - - , .

    . .

    (Deficiency) .

    , n ,

    n (Vitamins) -

    . (Vitamins) .

    (1) (Fast Soluble) A (2) (Water Soluble ) B

    (Anti Neuritic Factor) (3) (Water Soluble) B2 2

    (Anti Pellagra Factor) (4) (Water Soluble) C (5) (Anti

    Rachitic) D (6) (Antisterility) c E .

    1. A A Vitamin

    A nh E

    t. .

  • ( 29 )

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    A. B. C. .

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    A A .

    ( 30 ) 3 () Vitamin C

    , , (Rasp Berry) - , , , , . .

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    (Scurvy) - - .

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    Scurvy .

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    4 () Vitamin D

    V (Calcium and Phosphorus)

    . A r .

    A .

  • (Calcium) (Phosphorus)

    .

    . .

    ( Ultra Violet Rays) .

    Vitamin E

    .

    . - - .

    . . .

    Pigment of Food - - - - - -

    ( 31 ) A A

    Carotene .

    . e

    . 21 Inorganic Mineral Constituents

    o 1/20 . .

    (Calcium) m

    .

    , (ions) .

    f .

  • Calsium :- 100 9.5

    . .

    . 12

    13 . .

    4/10 .

    1 . .

    , , , , , .

    Magnesium :- .

    .

    ( 32 ) .

    .. 100 3 . .

    .

    Sodium :- . 93

    . . 15 .

    Sodium chloride .

    Potasium :- .

    100 20 . 100

    0 400 . .

  • Iron :-

    . .

    .

    .

    . . .

    ,

    . 100 1.7 .

    5 15 .

    . 1 06 .

    Copper :- , , (Crustaceans)

    . .

    100 150

    ( 33 ) . 2

    1 1/10 .

    Manganese :- 100 1

    1 100000 . .

    .

    Zinc :- , ,

    . .

    . Cabolt :- .

  • Aluminium :- , (Arsenic) (Lithium)

    .

    Phosphorus - - uu

    . 3 5

    . .

    . .

    Chlorine :- (Sodium Chloride)

    . Hydro Chloric Acid

    . .

    Sulphur :-

    , .

    Iodine :-

    . (Thyroid Gland)

    ( 34 )

    . .

    .

    2

    . 1000

    Bromine :- 2

    . 1000

    0.2 1.6 . .

  • Fluorine :-

    . (Enemal) .

    E .

    22 .

    .

    Ricketis :- , .

    Tetany :- (Sodium) (Calcium)

    d .

    - .

    (Tibia) . .

    , , .

    (Goitre) . ( )