[2004] 골드 밸브 근골격계질환 진단 및 대안마련을 위한 연구 보고서

2004. 6.

( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) () ()

. 1

. 6

. 6

. 19

. 24

1. 24

2. ( ) 33

3. 41

. 80

- 1 -

I.

. (WHO) 1985 (WHO, 1985) (multifactorial) . (Sluiter JK etal, 2001).

()

1

, - , .

. (David Stubbs).

. 1992 . 1 ,

. 10 . 1

- 2 -

. (riskassessment) .- (work system)- - -

( Klaus J. Zink, 2003) .- (Organizational Design and Management : ODAM)- (performance) (quality of working life) - ODAM (Macroergonomics)

(macro-ergonomics) . (Scott PA and Zink K, 2003).

(MICRO-ERGONOMICS)

(MACRO-ERGONOMICS)

(Physical demension)

(Pscychological demension)

(Qualification)

(Economic demension)

-

()

1

- 3 -

, , .

, . WHO 1985 (multifactorial) . . , , , , , , , , , ( , 2003-24) , ( ), ( ), : , , , ( ) :

, . (macro-ergonomics) . , . 1 .

- 4 -

() ()

,

, () ,

- ,

,

,

,

2

, - , , , .

. 2 . () (posture), (force), (movement) (vibration) (physical factors) () ( : ) ( (decision latitude) ) (nonphysical factors)

1. ; , , ,

2. ; (, : )

(, )

3

EU ,

- 5 -

1997 NIOSH , Punnet Bergqvist , UEMSD , ISO/DIS 11226, (IEA) (ICOH) . 1997 1999 DG-5 .NIOSH ,

. , (NIOSH, 1997). , WHO (WHO, 1985). . . . : , (decision latitude), (autonomy) . . , , , . , , . , .Karasek job content . , , . , .: 60 10 .

- 6 -

II.

, . , . , , , , ,

III.

1.

: (Participatory action research)

(Participatory action research) . , , (De Kong Martin 1996). (Participatory action research) --> --> --> --> --> --> --> --> (Ritchie 1996). (Participatory action research) , , .

1) : , .: , .

- 7 -

2) : , .: , , , , O/T, ,

3) : .: , , ,

4) : , .:

5) :

.:

6) ( ): , .:

7) (1) : , , .: , ,

2.

. .

- 8 -

1) . 2 . , . .

(1) .

- , , , , , ,

-

- , , ,

- , (, )

- , ,

- : , ,

- (HAL)

- (NPF)

-

-

-

-

-

- , ,

- ,

- ,

-

- ,

-

- , ,

-

-

- : , , /, /, /, /, /

- , , ,

- ,

- ,

-

4

- 9 -

(2) (NationalInstitute Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH) ( 1), ( 2, 3, 4) .

.

1 : 1 1 1 (NIOSH ) 2 : 1 (NIOSH , ) 3 : 1 ( ) 4 : 3 1 (

(3)

. Karasek(1979) . . , , , , , . , 4 (Karasek, 1979)().

- 10 -

2

(low strain group) . , , . (passive group) . . (active group) . (high straingroup) . , , , , (Karasek , 1988). Karasek Theell(1990) .

Karasek (1988) . , .

Karasek(1979) .

Karasek (1982)

- 11 -

. (4) (4) .

(4)

6, 7, 3, 1, 2 .

1 5 , , , , . .

[, intensity of labor] ( EnCyber (http://www.encyber.com/). .

- 12 -

[ , intensity of labor]

() . ,

. () ,

() ,

. . ,

()

, .

, 1 , 1

, 1 ,

.

, .

, (RMR).

.

RMR = ( - ) /

= /

. RMR

0.1 10.0 , () RMR 01

(), 12 , 24 , 47 , 7 (

) . , ,

,

.

, ,

.

, ()

.

( EnCyber (http://www.encyber.com/)

5

- 13 -

[ , intensity of labour]

, , .

.

.

1 .

.

, 1 .

,

.

( , http://nisweb.nonghyupi.com/dic/aac/aac206.html)

6 (2)

( ) ( ) , . , . . .

( ) =

( )

=

7

- 14 -

. , . , , , .

(, , )

, ,

,

: , ,

, ,

: ,

,

8

2)

(1) 2003-24: 2003-24(2003.7.15) . . 11 .

1. 4 2. 2 , , ,

- 15 -

3. 2 , ,

, 4. , 2

5. 2 6. 2 1kg

, 2kg 7. 2 4.5kg

8. 10 25kg 9. 25 10kg ,

, 10. 2 , 2 4.5kg 11. 2 10

(2) ANSI (ANSI) ANSI (ANSI Z-365 Quick Checklist) 10 . , , / , (>3m), ( / / / , / , / : , / / / / / / , ) (8 ) .

(3) ACGIH TLV for Hand Activity

(ACGIH) ACGIH TLV for Hand Activity (HAL) (NPF) , , (TLV) 0.78

- 16 -

(TLV) . 0.56 0.78 (AL) . (TLV) (flexin), (extension), (rotation) (neutral) , (TLV) . 4 .

(4) RULA

McAtamney Corlett(1993) RULA(Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) . ( ), , , (), , . , 3 4 . 1( 1 - 2 ) , 2( 3 - 4 ) ( ), 3( 5 - 6 ) (soon) , 4( 7) (immediately) . .

1 1-2

,

2 3-4

,

3 5-6

4 7

9 RULA

(5) ACGIH Lifting TLV

ACGIH Lifting TLV (ACGIH)

- 17 -

. , . , 30 (TLV) 1/2 . NLE (the Revised NIOSH LiftingEquation) (TLV) NLE .

(6) NLE (the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation)

NIOSH(1991) (AL: Action Limit) (MPL) (Recommend Weight Limit, RWL) , (Lifting Index, LI) .RWL (, 8) . . RWL AL (H), (V), (D), (FM) (AM) (C) .

RWL = 23(25/H){1-(0.003

V-75}{0.82+(4.5/D)}{1-(0.0032A)}(FM)(CM)

H(Horizontal distance) : , ( ) , 25-63 cm 25cm .V(Vertical distance) : , ( ) 0-175cm.D(Vertical travel distance) : 25-175cm,25cm 25cm .F(Frequency, /) : , 0.2/ 0.2/min(, 5 ) .A(Asymmetric angle) : (sagittal plane) , 0-135 .

RWL 23kg 0.2/ , 25cm, 75cm, 25cm

- 18 -

, .

NIOSH (Lifting Index, LI)' , (RWL) (Ratio) . LI .

LI = (kg) / RWL(kg)

(LI) RWL . LI . NIOSH LI 1 , LI 3 . LI , LI 1 .

(6)

Kilbom(1994) . 50 10 .

.

2.5

, , ,

/ 10 , ,

/ 10

200

10

- 19 -

.

1.

1)

( %) .

0102030405060708090

1 2 3 4

%

3

.

1 : 1 1 1 (NIOSH ) 2 : 1 (NIOSH , ) 3 : 1 ( ) 4 : 3 1 (

1 83.33%, 2 29.17% 3 12.5%, 4 4.17%. 10 8.3 10 3 .

- 20 -

3 .

2)

1. 8 . , , , , .

2. ANSI , , , 15 . ANSI .

3. ACGIH TLV , , , , ( 1 ). / . ANSI , , , .

4. . . . 20kg .

5. .

6. , . .

- 21 -

. .

.

.

, .

,

3)

(1)

. 2 1 . 10 , .

- 22 -

(2)

. . , , , . 5 .

(4)

. . . , .

(5)

1,400 . . 44 / .

(6)

30.55(30.00) 52.27(64.20) 9.09(9.80) 10.9(9.50) 20

11

- 23 -

010203040506070

4

. . .

- 24 -

.

1.

1)

2004 5 20 . 16 21 37. 2 20 95% . 2 . 23 22 95.7%.1)

2)

. 166cm, 61.8kg. 40.8. 13(59.09) , 7(31.82). 13(56.52) . 20(90.91) . 9.43.

1) .

.

.

- 25 -

(%) (%)

18 75

6 25

(cm) 166 7.5

40.8 10.2

(kg) 61.8 9.9

5.73 4.05

9.43 9.83

- -

1

6 26.09

15 65.22

2 8.7

7 31.82

2

13 59.09

1 4.55

1 4.55

- -

2 9.09

2

20 90.91

3 13.04

1 10 43.48

10 43.48

2 9.09

2

20 90.91

19 79.17

5 20.83

12.

3)

, 1 54.1. , 1410 . .

13(54.17), 9(37.5) . 14(58.33), 7(29.17) . 5.91 , 4.22 .

- 26 -

(%) (%)

24 100

-

0 0

1 4.17

-

7 29.17

13 54.17

3 12.5

1 4.17

-

13 54.17

9 37.5

1 4.17

2 8.33

-

14 58.33

7 29.17

1 4.17

0

5.91 1.47

1 4.35

1

4 1 4.35

6 16 69.57

7 4 17.39

8 1 4.35

1

4.22 1.65

1 4.35

1

2 1 4.35

3 9 39.13

4 1 4.35

5 5 21.74

6 4 17.39

7 2 8.7

1410.789

24 100

1 54.1 - 2(2.0)

13.

- 27 -

4) (1)

12(54.55) . 11(50) .

()

()

.

1. () . 1(4.55) 12(54.55) 8(36.36) 1(4.55) 2 2. () . - 8(36.36) 12(54.55) 2(9.09) 2 3. . 2(10) 4(20) 11(55) 3(15) 4 4. () () . 2(9.09) 7(31.82) 11(50) 2(9.09) 2 5. . 2(9.09) 10(45.45) 5(22.73) 5(22.73) 2 6. . 1(4.35) 9(39.13) 7(30.43) 6(26.09) 1 7. () () . 4(18.18) 6(27.27) 10(45.45) 2(9.09) 2 8. . 2(9.09) 4(18.18) 12(54.55) 4(18.18) 2 9. () . 4(18.18) 6(27.27) 8(36.36) 4(18.18) 2 10. . 9(40.91) 8(36.36) 5(22.73) - 2 11. . 1(4.55) 4(18.18) 11(50) 6(27.27) 2 12. . 1(4.55) 2(9.09) 11(50) 8(36.36)

13. . 5(22.73) 6(27.27) 8(36.36) 3(13.64) 14. .

2(9.09) 3(15) 6(27.27) 11(50) 2

14 (1)

- 28 -

5)

, . , .

1. . 1(4.55) 2(9.09) 12(54.55) 7(31.82) 2 2. . 5(21.74) 4(17.39) 12(54.55) 2(9.09) 1 3. . 1(4.55) 12(54.55) 5(22.73) 4(18.18) 2 4. . 1(4.55) 8(36.36) 10(45.45) 3(13.64) 2

5. . 3(13.64) 9(40.91) 9(40.91) 1(4.55) 2 6. () . 5(21.74) 5(21.74) 11(47.83) 2(8.7) 1

7. . 4(18.18) 13(59.09) 3(13.64) 2(9.09) 2 8. . 5(21.74) 13(56.52) 4(17.39) 1(4.35) 1

15

30.55(30.00) 52.27(64.20) 9.09(9.80) 10.9(9.50) 20

16

010203040506070

5

- 29 -

. . .

(karasek)

7 35

5 25

4 20

4 20

17 (karasek)

4 20%, 7 35%. .

7)

(52.17%), / (38.1%) . 2 10 , / . (54.54%), (47.83%), .(47.83%) , .

- 30 -

1 1(4.55) 12(54.55) 5(22.73) 3(13.64)

1(4.55) 2

2 3(13.04) 4(17.39) 3(13.04) 12(52.17) 1(4.35)

1

3 - 7(30.43) 7(30.43) 9(39.13) -

1

4 - 7(30.43) 10(43.48) 6(26.09) -1

5 1(4.35) 5(21.74) 9(39.13) 8(34.78) -

1

6 / - 8(38.1) 8(38.1) 5(23.81)

- 3

7 1(4.55) 5(22.73) 4(18.18) 10(45.45) 2(9.09)

2

8 2(8.7) 4(17.39) 6(26.09) 9(39.13)2(8.7) 1

9 - 2(9.09) 12(54.55) 8(36.36) -2

10 ( ) 1(4.35) 2(8.7) 9(39.13) 11(47.83)- 1

11 ( ) 6(26.09) 6(26.09) 10(43.48) 1(4.35) -1

12 - 3(13.04) 16(69.57) 4(17.39)

- 1

13 1(4.35) 1(4.35)20(86.96) 1(4.35)

- 1

14 - 2(9.09) 19(86.36) 1(4.55)- 2

15 1(4.55) - 17(77.27) 2(9.09)2(9.09) 2

16 - 2(9.09) 18(81.82)2(9.09) - 2

17 - 4(18.18) 12(54.55) 6(27.27) -

2

18 - 2(9.09) 16(72.73) 4(18.18) -2

19 1(4.55)2(9.09) 18(81.82)

1(4.55) - 2

18

7)

, (NIOSH) (, , ), ( ), ( 1 ), ( ) .

- 31 -

NIOSH 20(83.33%), 7(29.17%) .

1 2 3 4

20(83.33) 7(29.17) 3(12.5) 1(4.17)

19

0102030405060708090

1 2 3 4

%

6

- 1 14(58.33),/ 12(50)/, / 11(45.83), / 10(41.67) . .

- / , .

1 2 3 4

8(33.33) - - -

14(58.33) 1(4.17) - -

/ 11(45.83) 3(12.5) 1(4.17) -

/ 10(41.67) 2(8.33) 1(4.17) -

/ 11(45.83) 3(12.5) - -

/ 12(50) 1(4.17) 1(4.17) 1(4.17)

20 ( ) :

- 32 -

2.

1)

. // . . . . .

. // . .

97 .. .. .. 10.. .. .. 7 8 ..

. // . .

.. .. .. .. .. 2 .. .. 00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ..

- 33 -

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

5% .. 5%.. .. .. / 5% .. 10% .. 2% .. .. ..

10 / / .

.. .. 8 12 .. ..

.. .. .. .. // .. .. .. ..

.. / .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

. , .

- 34 -

, 1 .

-

. . .

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. 10 .. .. .. .. 10 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 00 .. .. .. ..

- 35 -

-

10 . . .

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ( ) .. ..

.. .. .. ..

, . 2 . . .

000 .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. ..

-

. . , , .

- 36 -

. . .

.. 5 .. .. .. 5-6 .. .. .. 10 ..

-

// . 44 . .

.. .. .. .. .. .. ( ) .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

-

.

1.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

..

- 37 -

30-40 .. ..

.. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

-

. .

.. .. ( ) .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. ..

-

., .

.. .. .. .. 39kg .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. ..

- 38 -

..

10 .. 10 .. .. .. .. .. .. 10 .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2)

1 20(83.33%), 7(29.17%) . . . , 10 8.3 .

3)

. . () . .

20% .. ..

.. 30% .. ..

.. .. ( ) 10%

- 39 -

..

. . , . .

.. .. .. / .. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. ..

.

- 40 -

3.

( ) .

1)

(1)

() / ANSI .

ANSI Z-365

A

(7) 14

(4) 10

(1) 15

(2) 14

(2) 14

(1) 15

(1) 16

(3) 15

(1) 8

21 ANSI

ANSI =10 ( )

ANSI 1 () 10 . , , , 15 . 13.4.

- 41 -

() (Hand Activity) ACGIH TLV .

TLV

(7) 1

(4) -

(1) 1.5

(2) 1

(2) -

(1) 0.75

(1) 0.8

(3) 1.33

(1) -

22

( ) = /(10- ) TLV: =0.78 (=0.56)

ACGIH , , (TLV) . (Hand Activity Level, HAL) (Normalized Peak Force, NPF) . ( ) . (TLV) 0.78 (AL) 0.56. 0.78 .

= / (10- )

22 TLV . , , , , .

- 42 -

, , , , .

() ACGIH Lifting TLV . (LI) TLV() 1 .

ACGIH TLV . , . ().

ACGIH TLV ()

(7) (14kg)

(4) (14kg)

(1) (14kg)

(2) (14kg)

(2) (9kg)

(1) (14kg)

(1) (14kg)

(3) -

(1) (11kg)

23 ACGIH TLV

.( )

, TLV .

: > 360/ : 8 : 30

- 43 -

( ) ( ) , (: )

()

Kilbom(1994) .

.

2.5 , , ,

/

10 , ,

/

10

200

(7) -

(4) -

(1) -

(2) -

(2) -

(1) 60/()

38/()

(3) 105/()

(1) 100/()

(1) -

25 Kilbom(1994)

50 10 . . . , .

- 44 -

(2)

1.

2002 6 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

7

8 . 1 24 ( ) (5-20kg) .

- 45 -

1 :

2 :

3 :

- 46 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 2(3) 1(3) 0(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0 (2) 0 (2) 2 (2) 14: 14 .

* ( ) ANSI . /, , /, , .

2) - ACGIH TLV for hand Activity

(HAL) (NPF) [NPF/(10-HAL)]

6 4 1

:(TLV)=0.78(ActionLimit)=0.56

1 .

ACGIH TLV for hand Activity .

3)

- 47 -

ACGIH (Lifting TLV) : 3 ( )

/ 12 / (kg) 14.4kg

* 30-60cm

(TLV) (kg) 14kgTLV

ACGIH (Lifting TLV) .

- 48 -

4)

. . 10 7 .

.( .) .

. . 20 . .

. . . . . .

- 49 -

2.

2002 6 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

4 ( 3, 1 )

. () 4 ( ) 2 .

- 50 -

1 :

2 :

.

3 :

( ,

.

- 51 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 3(3) 0(3) 0(3) 1(2) 0(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 10

: 10 .

* ( ) ANSI , .

3)

ACGIH (Lifting TLV) : 150-3( )

/ 12/ (kg) 18.4kg * 30(TLV) (kg) 14kgTLV ACGIH (Lifting TLV) .

- 52 -

4)

13, 3 8 4 . . .

, .

= .

. . . . . .

- 53 -

3.

2004 6 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

1

.

- 54 -

1 :

.

2 :

( ,)

.

3 :

( )

- 55 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 3(3) 1(3) 0(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 1(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 1(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 15

: 15 .

* ( ) ANSI . , /, , /, .



6 6 1.5


1.5 .

ACGIH TLV for hand Activity .

3)

ACGIH (Lifting TLV) : 150-4 ( )

- 56 -

/ 12/ (kg) 25.9kg * 30cm(TLV) (kg) 14kgTLV

ACGIH (Lifting TLV) . 4)

12, 2, . . 2 1 .

. . .

. . .

- 57 -

4.

2004 6 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

2

(), , () .

1 :

,

2 :

,

,

- 58 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 3(3) 0(3) 0(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 14: 14 .

* ( ) ANSI . , /, , /, , .



6 4 1


1 .

ACGIH TLV for Hand Activity .

3)

- 59 -




4)

. . .

. . . .

.

.( ) . . .

- 60 -

5.

2004 6 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

2

2 . .

- 61 -

1 :

2 :

,

3 :

.

- 62 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

0(3) 3(3) 0(3) 1(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 14: 14 .

* ( ) ANSI . , /, , /, , .

2)

ACGIH (Lifting TLV) : 600-2( )

/ 13-30/ (kg) 30kg * 30cm(TLV) (kg) 9kgTLV


- 63 -

3)

. , , . .

, . .( .) . . .

. . . .( ) . . .

- 64 -

6.

2004 6 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

1

. . .

RURA

(6) (3) (4) (2) (6) (6) (2)

3 2 3 1 4 4 1 7 4 7, 4 . 4 2 2 1 1 4 1 7 4 7, 4 .

- 65 -

1 :

(, ,)

2 :

/

, /,

3 :

- 66 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 0(3) 2(3) 0(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 15: 15 .

* ( ) ANSI . /, , /, , , .



6 3 0.75


0.75 .


3)

(2.5/) (10/) (10/) (200/)

-

()60/ (,)38 -

,

/ .

- 67 -

4)

2 1

. , . .

.( )

. . 50 10 .

- 68 -

7.

2004. 6. 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

1

. , .

RURA

(6) (3) (4) (2) (6) (6) (2)

1 3 1 1 2 4 1 7 4 7, 4 .

- 69 -

1 : ()

2 :

3 :

- 70 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 3(3) 0(3) 2(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 16

: 16 .( )

* ( ) ANSI . , /, , /, , .

2). - ACGIH TLV for Hand Activity


5 4 0.8


0.8 .


3)

(2.5/) (10/) (10/) (200/)

- 100/ - -

.

- 71 -

4)




- 72 -

5)

. 2 1 .

. . . .

. .

- 73 -

8.

2004. 6. 3 (4), (,, , , , , 2)

1

. . .

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

0(3) 1(3) 0(3) 0(3) 1(2) 0(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 8

: 8 .

* ( ) ANSI . .

- 74 -

2)


/ 13~ 30 / (kg) 16.5kg * 30 ~ 60cm(TLV) (kg) 11kgTLV ACGIH (Lifting TLV) .

- 75 -

3)

.

. . .

. .

. . . (MSDS) .

- 76 -

9.

2004. 6. 4 (4), (,, , , )

2, 1

. , . .

RURA

(6) (3) (4) (2) (6) (6) (2)

5 2 2 1 5 1 2 7 4 7, 4 .

- 77 -

1 :

.

2 :

, ,

.

3 :

( )

.

4 :

.

- 78 -

1) - ANSI Z-365

/

/

/

1(3) 2(3) 0(3) 1(3) 2(2) 0(2) 2(2) 2(2) 2(2) 1(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 0(2) 2(2) 15

: 15 .

* ( ) ANSI . /, , /, , .



7 4 1.33


1.33 .


3)

(2.5/) (10/) (10/) (200/)

.

- 79 -

4)

. 50% .

10-20kg 1.5m . . .

. , .

. 50 10 . ( ) . . . . . , . .

- 80 -

.

. . IMF .2) .

1. 83.3% , 29.17% , 12.5% ,4.17% . 29.17% .

2. ( ),, . , , .

3. , , , , , . .

4. . . , 1 , , . .

5.

2) IMF . 2001 . . .

- 81 -

. , , . , .

6. .

1) .

2) .

3) . . , 50 10 . .

4) .

5) .

6) , .

7) . .

8) .

- 82 -

, . .

9) . , . . .

, .

[2004] 골드 밸브 근골격계질환 진단 및 대안마련을 위한 연구 보고서

Documents