م2009 26 ددعلا ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةعماج ... 2009 26...

م2009 26 العدد جامعة اإلمارات العربية املتحدة / جملـة كلية الرتبية

77

60

user

gulf400


78

2006

2008

2003


79

1997)Lyon & Moats

1990

(National Reading Panel, 2000;

Lovett, Warren-Chaplin, Ransby& Borden,1990)

(MacDonald & Cornwall, 1995; Steg, Lazar & Boyce, 1994)

2003

1988

1975

(Stood, 1989)


80

19912001

2008

(Morrow, 2002)

2006

(Mioiduser, Tur-Kaspa, Leitner,

2000)

(Nicolson,


81

Fawcett,& Nicolson, 2000).

(NCS, 2002; Van Daal, 2000)

(Hutchby & Moran-Ellis, 2001)

19902008

(NCS, 2000;

Van Daal, 2000; Mioiduser, Tur-Kaspa, Leitner, 2000; Moxley, 1992)


82

α0.05

α0.05

1

2

3

4


83

20072008

2007

2008

20072008

20072008


84

2008

6656

Justice, 2003

2003


85

2002

Trimble,1996)

1991

(Moxley, 1992)

(Mioiduser, Tur-Kaspa, Leitner, 2000)

46


86

20072008

60

3228

1

20072008

2

3


87

4

56

5 (Visual Basic)

6

.

.

7 (Visual Basic)

8


88

10

1

1

2

3

4

5


89

56

1

199120032005

MonroueSteven

2002

56

1

2

3

2


90

3

2

4 15

-

-

1998

0.350.74


91

-

1998

27

4

27

4

0.390.88

-

25

- Cronbach – Alpha

0.89

1

2


92

30

1

2

3

4

5

6


93

7

20072008

142008-452008

α0.05

1

1

30 12.100 3.02 25.000 2.89 24.881 0.47

28 11.750 2.27 20.107 3.42 20.234 0.48


94

1

(ANCOVA)

2

2

199.317 1 199.317 30.505 0.000 35.7%

311.382 1 311.382 47.657 0.000 46.4%

359.362 55 6.534

905.397 57

2α0.05

α0.05

(Olsfon,1992;

Mioiduser, Tur-Kaspa, Leitner,2000; Clements& Sarama, 2003;

McCarrick & Xiaoming, 2007).

McCarrick &


95

Xiaoming, 2007

2008

20042008

McCarrick & Xiaoming, 2007

302006

α0.05

3


96

3

4.000 1.34 8.167 1.18 8.162 0.18

4.036 1.23 6.464 1.23 6.469 0.18

4.000 1.23 9.367 0.89 9.286 0.19

3.679 1.22 5.893 1.50 5.979 0.20

4.100 1.37 7.467 1.55 7.404 0.19

3.964 1.10 8.036 1.00 8.103 0.19

Barttlet

4

4(Bartllet

Bartlett's Test of Sphericity

2

0.000 17.345 5 0.004

α0.05

MANCOVA5


97

5( MANCOVA)

Wilks' Lambda 0.720 6.614 3 51 0.001 28.0%

Wilks' Lambda 0.779 4.832 3 51 0.005 22.1%

Wilks' Lambda 0.585 12.062 3 51 0.000 41.5%

Hotelling's Trace 3.976 67.597 3 51 0.000 79.9%

α0.05Hotelling's Trace

3.976

(ANCOVA)

6

α0.05

0.06(Cohen, 1994)

α0.05


98

6(ANCOVA)

15.757 1 15.757 17.318 0.000 24.6%

0.049 1 0.049 0.054 0.817 0.1%

5.358 1 5.358 5.889 0.019 10.0%

40.334 1 40.334 44.331 0.000 45.5%

48.222 53 0.910

123.103 57

0.461 1 0.461 0.425 0.517 0.8%

13.283 1 13.283 12.247 0.001 18.8%

2.772 1 2.772 2.556 0.116 4.6%

153.832 1 153.832 141.827 0.000 72.8%

57.486 53 1.085

258.414 57

0.222 1 0.222 0.213 0.646 0.4%

0.762 1 0.762 0.733 0.396 1.4%

37.733 1 37.733 36.299 0.000 40.6%

6.867 1 6.867 6.606 0.013 11.1%

55.094 53 1.040

101.121 57

2007

(Nicolson, Fawcett,& Nicolson, 2000)


99

2003

2003

1980

1

2

3

4


100

1998

2003

1988

2006

1991

2008

2002

2006

1975

2001

1986


101

2003

1990

1994

2003

2002

2004

1990

2008

2286112125

2008

1980

Clements, H., & Sarama, J. (2003). Strip mining for gold: Research and

policy in educational technology—A response to ―Fool‘s Gold.‖

Educational Technology Review, 11(1), 7-69.

Cohen, J. (1994). The Earth is Round (p less than .05). American

Psychologist, 49(12), 997-1003.


102

Cordes, C., & Miller, E. (2000). Fool‘s gold: A critical look at

computers in childhood. Alliance for Childhood. Retrieved on

March 7, 2007,from:

http://www.allianceforchildhood.net/projects/computers/comput

ers_reports.htm

Henniger, L. (1994). Computers and preschool children‘s play: Are

they compatible? Journal of Computing in Childhood

Education, 5(3-4),231-239.

Hutchby, I., & Moran-Ellis, J. (2001) Children, Technology & Culture:

The Impact of Technologies in Children's Everyday Lives.

Falmer Press.

Justice, M. (2003). Emergent literacy Intervention for Vulnerable

preschoolers ; Relative Effects of Two Approaches . American

Journal of speech Language pathology , 12(3) , 320-323 .

Kafai, Y.,& Sutton, S. (1999): Elementary School Students' Computer

and Internet Use at Home: Current Trends and Issues. Journal of

Educational Computing Research21 (3):345—62.

Lovett, M., Warren-Chaplin, P., Ransby, M. & Borden, S. (1990)

Training the word recognition skills of reading disabled

children: treatment and transfer effects. Journal of Educational

Psychology, 82, 4, 769.780.

Lyon ,R.,& Moats, C. (1997) .Critical conceptual and Meth Ideological

Consider ,of in Reading Intervention Research ,Journal of

Learning Disabilities ,30,578.

MacDonald, G. & Cornwall, A. (1995) The relationship between

phonological awareness and reading and spelling achievement

eleven years later. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 28, 8,

523.527.

Marsh, J., Brooks, G., Hughes, J., Ritchie, L., & Wright, K.(2005).

Digital beginnings: Young children’s use of popular culture,

media and new technologies. Report of the ‗Young Children‘s

Use of Popular Culture, Media and New Technologies‘ Study,

funded by BBC Worldwide and the Esmée Fairbairn Foundation

Literacy Research Centre University of Sheffield.

http://www.allianceforchildhood.net/projects/computers/computers_reports.htm

http://www.allianceforchildhood.net/projects/computers/computers_reports.htm


103

McCarrick, K., & Xiaoming, L.(2007). Buried treasure: The impact of

computer use on young children‘s social, cognitive, language

development and motivation, AACE Journal, 15(1), 73-95 .

Mioiduser, D., Tur-Kaspa, H. & Leitner, I. ( 2000) The learning value

of computer-based instruction of early reading skills. Journal of

Computer Assisted Learning., 16(1), 54– 63.

Morrow, L. (2002). Literacy Development in The Early years: Helping

children read and write. ????

Moxley, R. (1992) Writing strategies of three pre-kindergarten children

on the microcomputer. Journal of Computing in Childhood

Education, 3, 2, 137.179.

National Reading Panel.( 2006). TEACHING CHILDREN TO READ:An

Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on

Reading and Its Implications for Reading Instruction. Report of the

National Reading Panel: Teaching Children to Read. Retrieved April 15,

2009, from http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/nrp/smallbook.cfm

NCS Learn. (2002). Teachers Handbook for Reading Readiness. ERIC

Document Reproduction Service No. ED384859 ).

Nicolson, I., Fawcett, J., & Nicholson, K. (2000) Evaluation of a

computer-based reading intervention in infant and junior

schools. Journal of Research in Reading, 23 (2), 194– 209.

Plowman, L; Stephen, C. (2003) A ‗benign addition‘? Research on ICT

and pre-school children. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning

19 (2) , 149–164.

Steg, D., Lazar, I. & Boyce, C. (1994) A cybernetic approach to early

education. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 10, 1,

1.27.

Stood, P. (1989). Reading Instruction. (2nd

ed.).USA; Harper and Row.

Trimble, J. (1996). A program for the Development of Reading

Readiness skills for Kindergarten students using across,

Age Reading partner , other Leachert and Technology,

Nova south Eastern University ;M.S. Renal Report.

Van Daal, V.(2000). Computer – assisted learning to read and spell:

results from two pilot studies. Journal of Research in Reading.

23(2), 181 – 193.


104

The effects of computer-assisted instruction on the

reading readiness skills of preschool children

Dr. Hamed Mubarak Al-Awidi

College of Education, UAEU

Najah Ahmad Hader

Yarmouk University, Jordan

Abstract

This study aimed at investigating the effects of computer- assisted

instruction on the reading readiness skills of preschool children and it

focused on three skills which are visual discrimination, Auditory

discrimination, and semantic awareness. A random clustered sample

consisted of 60 kindergartens children were chosen from the public

kindergartens in a city in Jordan. A reading readiness computer

program was developed and used to teach some Arabic letters to the

control group, and a reading readiness test was developed and

implemented on the sample of the study. The results revealed a

significant differences between the experimental and the control group

in the three reading readiness skills in favor of the experimental group

who was taught by computer programs. Based on theses results the

appropriate recommendations and suggestions were given.

Keywords: Reading readiness, Computer Assisted Instruction,

Kindergarten.


105

(1)ملحق

(1)شاشة رقم

12 .

(2)شاشة رقم


106

2

.

(3)شاشة رقم


107

4

4

2

1

2

3


108

√ ــ

مثال

ر غ

مـ

هـ

ؼـ

ج

حج

ؼـسـ جـ صـ

فـ قـ ج هـ

دـ ه مـ عـ

سـ ؼـ دـ جـ جـ

1

2

3

4

ج ر غ ح ج 5


109

√ــ

مثال

جمو جماه جمو جميو دمو

جايز جاتز دايز جاتز

ؼشاه

ماتةمتة

ساتش

منة

ساتش

متة

ساتش

متاب

ساتش

هديح

1

2

3

4

ساتش

عزاه ؼزاه عشاه ؼشاه

هديح هذج هدتح هذيح

5 عاقو ؼامو عاموعامو مامو


110

√

ثيوججندي جسز حمل

هدهد مياه هديح هاله

ؼيمح ؼالف شماغ ؼزاب

مية مزج متاب شثاك

دجاج جزج جسز جمو

ؼطاء

جذور

ؼزاب

ؼزفح صمػ

1

2

3

4

5


111

√

: المثال

ؼيو نجو ؼزاب همو

سيارج طيارج هز صنارج

أسماك شثاك متة مفتاح

ؼاىي عاىي ؼالف ساىي

جزج سجاج دجاج سياج 1

2

3

4

مفتاح متة تمساح تفاح 5


112

√

ـ شز الطفل إلى اسم الشء الذي نزاه ف السماء لال 1

ـ شز الطفل إلى اسم الشء الذي نصطاد بو السمك 2

ـ شز الطفل إلى اسم الشء الذي لونو أبض 3

ـ شز الطفل إلى اسم الحوان الذي نأخذ منو البض 4

ـ شز الطفل إلى اسم الحوان الذي عش ف البحز 5

مزسي متاب مزج

بة

سنينح

شمس نجو ؼيو مياه

ميس جزج شثنح موب

ثيج جشر تطيز قمخ

ؼزاب مية سمل دجاج

سمنح فزاشح ديل نذيح


113

ب ـ

عصفور مزج

ميعقح موب

قد عش

شجزج اتزيق

قزد تذز

سمنح طعا

موس ورقح

م2009 26 ددعلا ةدحتلما ةيبرعلا تاراملإا ةعماج ... 2009 26...

Documents