20150602화 자연어언처리와 은닉마코프모델 연구실 세미나 발표 류용호

NLP & HMM (Natural Language Processing and Hidden

Markov Model) 자연언어처리와 은닉마코프모델

- Yongho Ryu-

NLP process

① Morphological Analysis 형태소 분석

② Syntactic Parsing 구문 분석

③ Semantic Analysis 의미 분석

④ Discourse Analysis 담화 분석


• The blue bank closed.



the



the

determiner 한정사



the blue




the blue


adjective 형용사



the blue


adjective 형용사

noun 명사



the blue


adjective 형용사

noun 명사

verb 동사



the blue bank


adjective 형용사

noun 명사

verb 동사



the blue bank


adjective 형용사

noun 명사

noun 명사

verb 동사



the blue bank


adjective 형용사

noun 명사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사



the blue bank


adjective 형용사

noun 명사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사

verb 동사



the blue bank closed


adjective 형용사

noun 명사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사

verb 동사





adjective 형용사

noun 명사

verb 동사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사

verb 동사





adjective 형용사

noun 명사

verb 동사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사

verb 동사

★ HMM


• Dongsuk saw Jihwan with a telescope.



(Parsing tree)



Dongsuk saw Jihwan with a telescope.

saw … with a telescope. Jihwan

saw with a telescope.

(Parsing tree)



Dongsuk saw Jihwan with a telescope.

saw Jihwan with a telescope

Jihwan with a telescope.

(Parsing tree)


• Fruit flies like a banana.



like as a preposition?



like as a preposition?

like as a verb?


• Mary eats apples.

…

…

She likes them.


• Mary eats apples.

…

…

She likes them.

She = Mary

Them = apples.

HMM

• Corpus

HMM




adjective 형용사

noun 명사

verb 동사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사

verb 동사

HMM

det. adj.

• Corpus

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.0

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01

HMM

• Corpus

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01

HMM




adjective 형용사

noun 명사

verb 동사

noun 명사

adjective 형용사

adjective 형용사

verb 동사

verb 동사

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01

HMM

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

HMM

• The

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

HMM

• The

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

HMM

• The

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

HMM

• The blue

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

HMM

• The blue

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. v. n.

HMM

• The blue

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

HMM

• The blue bank

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

HMM

• The blue bank

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

HMM

• The blue bank

det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.

adj. blue=0.4, bank=0.3, closed=0.3

n. blue=0.4, bank=0.6

v. blue=0.2, bank=0.2, closed=0.6

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.




t = 0 t = 1 t = 2 t = 3

det.

adj.

n.

v.

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.




t = 0 (the) t = 1 (blue) t = 2 (bank) t = 3 (closed)

det.

adj.

n.

v.

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0

n. 0

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1

n. 0

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5

n. 0

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4

n. 0

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

n. 0

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

n. 0 1

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

n. 0 1 * .5

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .6

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9*.6

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9*.6 =.052

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9*.6 =.052

=> The : det.

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9*.6 =.052

=> The : det. , blue : adj.

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9*.6 =.052

=> The : det. , blue : adj. , bank : n.

HMM


det. adj.

.5

noun

.5

verb

.2

.8

.01

.01

.01

.9

.01

.01 t = 0

det.

t = 1

adj. n. v.

t = 2

n. adj. v.

t = 3

v. adj.

det. the = 1.





det. 1 0 0 0

adj. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .2 * .3 = .012 .096 *.01*.3=.003

n. 0 1 * .5 * .4 = .2 .2 * .8 * .6 = .096 .096 *.01* 0 = 0

v. 0 .2 * .01 *.2 = .004 .096 * .9*.6 =.052

=> The : det. , blue : adj. , bank : n. , closed : v.

Thank you

감사합니다

Information retrieval

- Yongho Ryu-

Term-document matrix p.4

Term-document matrix p.41

Too many 0’s (99.8%)

- It’s better to record only the things that occur, that is, the 1 positions.

Inverted index

• Tokens, normalized tokens = words

Inverted index

• Figure 1.4. The core indexing step is sorting this list so that the terms are alphabetical, giving us the representation in p44

Boolean queries

아키텍처는 언 음악이다.

Architecture is frozen music.

- John Bartlett (1820-1905)

Architecture depends on

order, arrangement,

조화 eurythmy, symmetry,

propriety, and economy.

- Vitruvius (1st century BC)

행위 Act of building…

결과물 Building …

개념적 구조 Conceptual structure …

- Oxford English Dictionary (Contemporary)

① 분해 Decomposition

② 생략 Omission

아키텍처는 단순한 그림?

Architectures are just pictures?

① 요소 Elements

② 관계 Relationships

집① House

- 뼈대 Structure

- 냉난방 통로 Heating & air conditioning - 전기설비 Electrical system

- 배관 설비 Plumbing …

집② House

- 크기 Size - 밝기 Brightness

- 에너지효율 Energy efficiency - 동선 Flow patterns

- 유지보수 maintenance …

집① House

- 뼈대 Structure

- 냉난방 통로 Heating & air conditioning

- 전기설비 Electrical system

- 배관 설비 Plumbing

…

집② House

- 크기 Size

- 밝기 Brightness

- 에너지효율 Energy efficiency

- 동선 Flow patterns

- 유지보수 maintenance

…

속성들이 서로 부딪힐 때는?

When properties are conflicted?

① 이해당사자 Stakeholders

② 아키텍처 Architecture

시스템

System

시스템

System 19 세기 이전 Before the 19th century

- 생체 시스템 biological systems

- 사회 시스템 social systems

- 생태 시스템 natural systems

- 행성 시스템 planetary systems

…

시스템

System 1830년경 circa 1830

대륙간 철도

Intercontinental railroad

시스템


전력과 전화의 발명

development of electric power and telephone

시스템


AT&T의 시도

an attempt of AT&T

① 형식 Formality ② 규칙 discipline

-> 시스템 디자인

시스템

System 2차 세계대전 World War 2

2차 세계대전 전에는 삶이 단순했는데, 이후론 시스템이 생겨났다.

Life was simple before WW2, after that we had systems.

시스템

System

시스템은 물리적, 전기 기계적인 여러 요소가 밀접하게 서로 연결된 집합으로, 특정 기능을 수행하는데, 개

별 요소만으로는 구현 불가능하다.

A system is a set of physical, electromechanical elements so connected as to perform a unique

function not performable by the elements alone.

자, 이제 좀더 살펴봅시다!

Let’s get into more detail!

① 시스템 아키텍처 System architecture

② 엔터프라이즈 아키텍처 Enterprise architecture

③ 소프트웨어 아키텍처 Software Architecture

The *** architecture of *** is the structures, which comprise *** elements, the externally visible properties of the elements, and the relationships among them.

*** enterprise | system | software

맥락 속에서 디자인하라!

Always design a thing by considering it in its next larger

context.

- Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen (1873-1950)

디자인 계층 Design hierarchy

개념적 무결성(일관성)

Conceptual integrity

시스템은 언제나 같은 방법으로 같은 동작을 해야 한다.

The system should do the same things in the same way throughout.

선임 아키텍트는..

The lead architect must.. ① 만들어지고 있는 것의 맥락 설정

Establish the context of the thing being built

② 엔터프라이즈, 시스템, 소프트웨어 아키텍처의 경계설정

Define the boundaries of the enterprise, system, and SW architecture


The lead architect must.. ③ 아키텍처 팀의 역할과 책임 설정

Establish the roles and responsibilities of the architecture team

④ 만들어져야 하는 아키텍처디자인 산출물 규정 Define the architectural design artifacts that

must be created


The lead architect must..

⑤ 아키텍처 팀 관리 및 조정

Coordinate the efforts of the architecture team with management

아키텍트가 되려면

To be an architect,

이처럼 좋은 기술자가 되는 것도 중요하지만

Being a great technologist is a prerequisite,

충분하지 않습니다!

But not enough!

시장의 판을 보고 비즈니스 전략을 세우는 능력은 필수!

The ability to map market and business strategy is critical!

자,

Alright,

10년 뒤, 아키텍트로 우뚝 선 우리의 모습을 기대합니다!

I’m looking forward to seeing us doing well as an architect!

20150602화 자연어언처리와 은닉마코프모델 연구실 세미나 발표 류용호

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