7. mathew koci_zoetisgut2015

8/20/2019 7. Mathew Koci_ZoetisGut2015

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Intestinal Immunology And The Role Of

Enteric Viruses In Intestinal Health

M.D. Koci

Associate Professor of Mucosal Immunology and Virology

Prestage Department of Poultry Science

NC State University


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Major And Emerging Enteric

Viruses of Poultry

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Physiologic Mechanisms of

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Secretory:


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Osmotic/Malabsorption:


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Deranged Motility:


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Exudative:


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How Do You Tell The Difference?

Why Does It Matter?

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Astrovirus Induced Na+ Malabsorption

• Reduced movement of Na+ from

mucosa to serosa

• Apical expression of NHE3

•

Actin changes affect cell transportfunction?

• Reduced expression of maltase

•

Osmotic/malabsorption diarrhea

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Different Critical Roles Of The

Intestine• Digestion/Nutrient uptake

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Exclude pathogens

–

Ignore commensals

•

Both promote growth/performance

• Can work against each other


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Selection For Growth Affects

Immunity

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Selection for increased growth rate

–

Increased feed intake

•

Not gut efficiency – Reduced immune responses

•

Compared to unselected birds

• Selection for increased antibody response

–

Reduced growth rates/egg production


14/20

Immune Function vs Nutrition

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Immune Response Affect Growth

• Is this sign of nutrition/immune function conflict?

• Is this adaptive?


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Do All Immune Responses Cost

the Same?• 2 Effector Arms

–

Innate & Adaptive

• Innate First

–

Hardwired

– Reflexive

–

Doesn’t learn

• Then Adaptive

–

Highly specialized –

Recombination

–

Memory

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Immune Response

•

Innate

– Cheap to develop

– Expensive to run

–

Costs the same each time

•

Adaptive

– Expensive to develop

– Cheap to run• Compared to innate

– Costs less upon re-challenge

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Best Defense Is A Strong Defense

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Immunity In The Gut

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7. mathew koci_zoetisgut2015

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