alt extremİte - acikders.ankara.edu.tr
TRANSCRIPT
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Periferik damar sistemi
ALT EXTREMİTE
DAMARLARI
Dr. Ali Fırat Esmer
Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi
Anatomi Anabilim Dalı
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DOLAŞIM SİSTEMİ
• Systema Circulatorium
– Kan – Lenfa sıvıları
dolaşır.
– Kanallar = damarlar
(vasa)
– Pompa = Kalp
• Systema Cardiovasculare
– Kalp-damar sistemi
• Systema Lymphoidea
– Lenfatik sistem
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KARDİOVASKÜLER SİSTEM
• Kalp
• Kandamarları
– Arterler (atardamarlar, arteria=a.)
– Venler (toplardamarlar, vena=v.)
– Kapillerler (vas capillare)
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KARDİOVASKÜLER SİSTEM
• Kalbin kanı pompalayan
bölümü ventrikülleridir.
– V.cava sup.- inf.
– Sağ atrium
– Sağ ventrikül
– Truncus pulmonalis
– Akciğerler
– Vv.pulmonales (4)
– Sol atrium
• KÜÇÜK DOLAŞIM
– Sol ventrikül
– Aorta
– Tüm vücuda dağılır.
• BÜYÜK DOLAŞIM
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AORTA
• Sol ventrikülden tüm vücuda
• Aorta ascendens
– A.coronaria dextra
– A.coronaria sinistra
• Arcus aortae
– Truncus brachiocephalicus
– A.carotis communis sinistra
– A.subclavia sinistra
• Aorta descendens (T4-L4)
– Pars thoracica
– Pars abdominalis
– Bifurcatio aortae
• A.iliaca communis dextra
ve sinistra
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Bifurcatio aortae
Aortae Abdominalis
• İnen aorta’nın hiatus aorticus’dan
sonraki bölümüdür.
Parietal dalları:
karın duvarını besler
Visseral dalları:
karın içi organları besler
• L4 vertebra seviyesinde uç
dallarına ayrılarak sonlanır.
– A.iliaca communis dextra
– A.iliaca communis sinistra
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Pelvisin Arterleri
• A.iliaca communis
dextra-sinistra
– A.iliaca interna
pelvis içi organları ve
pelvis duvarını besler
– A.iliaca externa
pelvis duvarını besler,
a. femoralis olarak
devam eder
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Alt Tarafın Arterleri
A.iliaca externa
• Art.sacroiliaca hizasında a.iliaca
communis’den ayrılır.
• Lig.inguinale hizasından sonra
a.femoralis olarak devam eder.
• A. epigastrica inferior
• A. circumflexa iliaca profunda
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A.femoralis
• Canalis adductorius’dan fossa poplitea’ya
geçtiğinde adı a.poplitea olur.
• Nabız alınabilir***
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Arteria femoralis
• A. epigastrica superficialis
• A. circumflexa iliaca superficialis
• A. pudenda externa superficialis
• A. pudenda externa profunda
• A. profunda femoris
• A. circumflexa femoris
medialis- lateralis
• Aa. perforantes
• A. descendens genu
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SOL
V. saphena magna
N. femoralis
A. profunda femoris
A. femoralis
M. iliopsoas
M. pectineusM. adductor longus
V. saphena accessoria
KRANİAL
M. sartorius
V. femoralis
A. femoralis
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N. femoralis
A. profunda femoris
A. femoralis
V. saphena accessoria
SOL
M. iliopsoas
M. pectineus
M. adductor longus
KRANİAL
M. sartoriusA. circumflexa femoris lateralis
N. saphenus
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A. circumflexa femoris medialis
A. circumflexa femoris lateralis
N. saphenus
N. femoralis
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CANALIS ADDUCTORIUS
N. saphenus
V. femoralis
A. femoralis
M. vastus medialis
Perforan dallarM. adductor longus
N. infrapatellaris
(VARYASYON)
N. saphenus
M. adductor magnus
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A.poplitea
• Fossa poplitea’da bulunur.
• Nabız alınabilir***
• Diz eklemi çevresinde dağılan dalları
vardır.
Terminal dalları
- A. tibialis anterior
- A. tibialis posterior
Arteria poplitea:
• A. superior lateralis- medialis genu
• A. media genus
• Aa. surales
• A. inferior lateralis- medialis genu
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N. fibularis communis N. suralis Caput fibulaeM. biceps femoris N. tibialis
M. semi tendinosus M. gastrocnemiusA. poplitea V. poplitea
A
V
N
KRANİALSOL
FOSSA POPLİTEA
A. poplitea eklem kapsülünün hemen üzerinde, orta hatta ve
m. gastrocnemius’un medial başı ile komşudur.
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M. soleus
N. fibularis communis
M. gastrocnemius
V. femoralis
A. lateralis genus inf.
N. tibialis
Lig. collaterale fibulare
A. femoralis
Dış kondil
KRANİAL
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A. lateralis genus inf.
M. soleus
N. fibularis communis
V. femoralisN. tibialis
Lig. collaterale fibulare
A. femoralis
Dış kondil
Meniscus lateralisKRANİALLig. meniscotibiale (lig. coronarium)
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A.tibialis anterior
• Tibia ön bölgesinden
geçer, ayak sırtında a.
dorsalis pedis olarak
devam eder.
– Nabız alınabilir***
*
***
*
**
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A.tibialis posterior
Yan dalları
– A.fibularis
Uç dalları
– A.plantaris medialis
– A.plantaris lateralis
• Ayak tabanında arcus
plantaris profundus’u
oluşturur.
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M. plantaris
M. gastrocnemius
N. tibialisV. poplitea
A. poplitea
A. tibialis anterior
A. tibialis posterior
A. fibularis
N. suralis
M. flexor hallucis longus
M. fibularis longus
M. tibialis posterior
A. circumflexa fibularis
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M. gastrocnemius
N. tibialisV. poplitea
A. poplitea
A. tibialis anterior
A. tibialis posterior
A. fibularis
N. suralis
M. flexor hallucis longus
M. fibularis longus
M. tibialis posterior
N. fibularis communis
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M. fibularis longus
M. flexor hallucis longus
M. quadratus plantae
Calcaneus
M. flexor hallucis brevis
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Yüzeyel Venleri
– Arcus venosus
dorsalis pedis
– V.saphena magna
(iç yandan)
• V.femoralis’e
dökülür.
– V.saphena parva
(dış yandan)
• V.poplitea’ya
dökülür.
Alt Tarafın Venleri
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SOLV. saphena magna
KRANİAL
LATERAL
MEDİAL
Vv. pudendae
externae
V. circumflexa ilium superficialis
V. epigastrica
superficialis
V. saphena accessoria
SİAS
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Alt Tarafın Venleri
• Derin venler
– Vv.tibiales (anterior-posterior)
– V.poplitea
– V.femoralis
– V.iliaca externa
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• V.iliaca externa
– Alt tarafın veni
• V.iliaca interna
– Pelvisin veni
• V.iliaca communis
• V. cava inferior
• Atrium dextrum
Pelvisin Venleri
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V.CAVA INFERIOR
• Aorta abdominalis’in
sağındadır
• En geniş çaplı vendir.
• V.iliaca communis dextra ve
sinistra’nın L5 seviyesinde
birleşmesi ile meydana gelir.
• Atrium dextrum’a açılır.
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BÜYÜK VENLER
• V.cava superior
– Baş-boyun, göğüs ve üst taraf
• V.cava inferior
– Karın, pelvis ve alt taraf