2__dr_ch

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/2drch 1/35

THEORY OF AYURVEDATHEORY OF AYURVEDA

(An Overview)(An Overview)DrDr ChakraChakra PanyPany SharmaSharma

M. D. (M. D. (AyuAyu), PhD (), PhD (SchSch))

READERREADER--PGPG

MMMMMM GovtGovt AyurvedaAyurveda CollegeCollege

UdaipurUdaipur--IndiaIndia313001313001

Email:Email: chakrapany2006@yahoo.co.inchakrapany2006@yahoo.co.in

chayaka2003@yahoo.comchayaka2003@yahoo.com

Lord Brhama Lord Dhanvantari-The

Father of Surgery

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

An Overview of Lake CityAn Overview of Lake City UdaipurUdaipur

Fatehsagar Lake and Island Park Greenery in Rural Area

Clouds over the Peak of Mountain Night Scenario of Fountain Park

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Introduction & BackgroundIntroduction & Background

AyurvedaAyurveda ((DevanagariDevanagari:: आयवुȶद आयवुȶद ) or) or AyurvedicAyurvedic

medicinemedicine is an ancient system of health careis an ancient system of health carethat is native to thethat is native to the Indian subcontinentIndian subcontinent. It is. It is

presently in daily use by millions of people inpresently in daily use by millions of people in

IndiaIndia,, NepalNepal,, SriSri LankaLanka,China,China, Tibet, and, Tibet, andPakistan . It is now in practice for health care inPakistan . It is now in practice for health care in

EuropianEuropian countries. The word "countries. The word "AyurvedaAyurveda" is a" is a

tatpurushatatpurusha compound of the wordcompound of the word āāyus yus meaningmeaning"life" or "life principle", and the word"life" or "life principle", and the word veda veda , which, which

refers to a system of "knowledge".refers to a system of "knowledge".

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued……………………..Continued……………………..

According toAccording to CharakaCharaka SamhitaSamhita, "life" itself, "life" itselfis defined as the "combination of the body,is defined as the "combination of the body,sense organs, mind and soul, the factorsense organs, mind and soul, the factorresponsible for preventing decay andresponsible for preventing decay anddeath."death."

According to this perspective,According to this perspective, AyurvedaAyurveda isisconcerned with measures to protectconcerned with measures to protect""ayusayus", which includes healthy living along", which includes healthy living alongwith therapeutic measures that relate towith therapeutic measures that relate tophysical, mental, social and spiritualphysical, mental, social and spiritualharmony.harmony.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued………………….Continued………………….

AyurvedavataranaAyurvedavatarana (the "descent of(the "descent of AyurvedaAyurveda")")

BrahamaBrahama

DakshaDaksha PrajapatiPrajapati

IndraIndra

BharadwajBharadwaj

BharadvajaBharadvaja in turn taughtin turn taught AyurvedaAyurveda to a group ofto a group ofassembled sages, who then passed down differentassembled sages, who then passed down different

aspects of this knowledge to their studentsaspects of this knowledge to their students..

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued………………….Continued………………….

According to tradition,According to tradition, AyurvedaAyurveda was firstwas first

described in text form bydescribed in text form by AgniveshaAgnivesha,,

namednamed -- Agnivesh Agnivesh tantra tantra . The book was. The book was

later redacted bylater redacted by CharakaCharaka, and became, and became

known as theknown as the CharakaCharaka SamhitSamhitāā..

Another early text ofAnother early text of AyurvedaAyurveda is theis the

SushrutaSushruta SamhitSamhitāā, which was compiled by, which was compiled by

SushrutSushrut, the primary pupil of, the primary pupil of DhanvantriDhanvantri,,sometime around 1000 BC.sometime around 1000 BC. DhanvantriDhanvantri isis

known as the Father of Surgery.known as the Father of Surgery.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Eight Branches (Eight Branches (AshthangaAshthanga) of) of AyurvedaAyurveda

The eight branches ofThe eight branches of AyurvedaAyurveda are:are:

1. Internal medicine1. Internal medicine -- KayachikitsaKayachikitsa TantraTantra

2. Surgery2. Surgery -- ShalyaShalya TantraTantra

3. Ears, eyes, nose and throat3. Ears, eyes, nose and throat -- ShalakyaShalakya TantraTantra

4. Pediatrics4. Pediatrics -- KaumarabhrityaKaumarabhritya TantraTantra

5. Toxicology5. Toxicology -- AgadaAgada TantraTantra

6. Purification of the genetic organs6. Purification of the genetic organs -- BajikaranaBajikarana

(or(or VajikaranaVajikarana)) TantraTantra 7. Health and Longevity7. Health and Longevity -- RasayanaRasayana TantraTantra

8. Spiritual Healing/Psychiatry8. Spiritual Healing/Psychiatry -- BhutaBhuta VidyaVidya

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Motto ofMotto of AyurvedaAyurveda

Motto ofMotto of AyurvedaAyurveda is :is :

SWASTHASYA SYASTHYASWASTHASYA SYASTHYARAKSHANAM, AATURASHCHA VIKARRAKSHANAM, AATURASHCHA VIKAR

PRASHAMANAM”,PRASHAMANAM”,

means:means:“Preservation to health of healthy person“Preservation to health of healthy person

and treating ailments with breakingand treating ailments with breaking

causative factors of pathogenesis”.causative factors of pathogenesis”.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Basic Principles ofBasic Principles of AyurvedaAyurveda

AyurvedaAyurveda is based on the followingis based on the following

theories :theories :

1.1. PanchaPancha MahabhutaMahabhuta TheoryTheory

(Five Elements)(Five Elements)

2. Tri2. Tri--doshadosha theorytheory

(Three Body Humors)(Three Body Humors)

3.3. SaptaSapta--dhatudhatu theorytheory(Seven Body Tissues)(Seven Body Tissues)

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

PanchamahabhootPanchamahabhoot TheoryTheory

The basic premise ofThe basic premise of AyurvedaAyurveda is that the entireis that the entirecosmos or universe is part of one singularcosmos or universe is part of one singularabsolute. Everything that exists in the vastabsolute. Everything that exists in the vast

external universe (macrocosm), also appears inexternal universe (macrocosm), also appears inthe internal cosmos of the human bodythe internal cosmos of the human body(microcosm). The human body consisting of 50(microcosm). The human body consisting of 50--100 million cells, when healthy, is in harmony,100 million cells, when healthy, is in harmony,

selfself--perpetuating and selfperpetuating and self--correcting just as thecorrecting just as theuniverse is. The ancientuniverse is. The ancient AyurvedaAyurveda text,text, CharakaCharaka,,says, "Man is the epitome of the universe. Withinsays, "Man is the epitome of the universe. Withinman, there is as much diversity as in the worldman, there is as much diversity as in the world

outside. Similarly, the outside world is as diverseoutside. Similarly, the outside world is as diverseas human beings themselves." In other words,as human beings themselves." In other words,all human beings are a living microcosm of theall human beings are a living microcosm of theuniverse and the universe is a living macrocosmuniverse and the universe is a living macrocosm

of the human beings.of the human beings.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

PanchaPancha MahabhutaMahabhuta TheoryTheory

(Five Great Elements)(Five Great Elements)

TheThe Pancha Pancha Mahabhuta Mahabhuta ,, or "five greator "five great

elements", ofelements", of AyurvedaAyurveda are:are:

1.1.Prithvi Prithvi oror Bhumi Bhumi ((EarthEarth),),

2.2. Ap Ap oror Jala Jala ((WaterWater),),

3.3. Agni Agni oror Tejas Tejas ((FireFire),),4.4. Vayu Vayu oror Pavan Pavan ((AirAir oror WindWind),),

5.5. Akasha Akasha ((AetherAether).).Hence,Hence, AyurvedaAyurveda advocates :advocates : Yat Yat

Pinde Pinde , Tat , Tat Bramhande Bramhande ..

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Concept ofConcept of MahabhootMahabhoot in Otherin Other

CivilizationsCivilizations Classical Elements :Classical Elements : PanchamahabhootPanchamahabhoot

WesternWestern AirAir,, Water,Water, AetherAether, Fire, Fire,, EarthEarth Chinese (Wu Xing)Chinese (Wu Xing):: Water, Metal, Earth, WoodWater, Metal, Earth, Wood,, FireFire

Japanese (Japanese (GodaiGodai)):: EarthEarth,, WaterWater,, Fire, Air, WindFire, Air, Wind,, Void,Void,Sky, HeavenSky, Heaven

Hinduism (Hinduism (TattvaTattva)) andand Buddhism (Buddhism (MahMahāābhūtabhūta))::VayuVayu / / PavanPavan — — Air / WindAir / WindAgniAgni / / TejasTejas — — FireFireAkashaAkasha — — AetherAether

PrithviPrithvi / / BhumiBhumi — — EarthEarth JalaJala — — WaterWater

BönBön:: AirAir,, Water, Space, FireWater, Space, Fire,, EarthEarth

New ZealandNew Zealand:: AirAir,, Water, Flora, FireWater, Flora, Fire,, EarthEarth

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued…………………Continued…………………TheThe GreekGreek classicalclassical

elements areelements are FireFire,,EarthEarth,, AirAir, and, and WaterWater..

They represent inThey represent in

Greek philosophyGreek philosophy,,sciencescience, and, and

medicinemedicine the realmsthe realms

of theof the cosmoscosmoswherein all thingswherein all things

exist and whereof allexist and whereof all

things consist.things consist.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued……………………….Continued……………………….

According toAccording to GalenGalen these elements were usedthese elements were usedbyby HippocratesHippocrates in describing thein describing the human bodyhuman body

with an association with thewith an association with the

fourfour

humourshumours

yellowyellow bilebile (Fire),(Fire), black bileblack bile (Earth),(Earth), bloodblood (Air),(Air),andand phlegmphlegm (Water).(Water).

SomeSome cosmologiescosmologies include a fifth element, theinclude a fifth element, the""aetheraether" or "" or "quintessencequintessence." These five elements." These five elementsare sometimes associated with the fiveare sometimes associated with the five platonicplatonicsolidssolids..

TheThe PythagoreansPythagoreans addedadded ideaidea as the fifthas the fifthelement, and also used the initial letters of theseelement, and also used the initial letters of thesefive elements to name the outer angles of theirfive elements to name the outer angles of their

pentagrampentagram..

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Man inscribed in a pentagram, fromMan inscribed in a pentagram, from

Heinrich Cornelius AgrippaHeinrich Cornelius Agrippa's's Libri Libri tres tres de de occulta occulta philosophia philosophia . The five signs at the. The five signs at the

pentagram'spentagram's verticesvertices areare astrologicalastrological..

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

TridoshaTridosha TheoryTheory

The central concept ofThe central concept of AyurvedicAyurvedic medicine is themedicine is thetheory that health exists when there is a balancetheory that health exists when there is a balance

between three fundamental bodilybetween three fundamental bodily humourshumours orordoshasdoshas calledcalled VataVata,, PittaPitta andand KaphaKapha..

VataVata is theis the air air principle necessary to mobilizeprinciple necessary to mobilizethe function of the nervous systemthe function of the nervous system

PittaPitta is theis the fire fire principle which uses bile to directprinciple which uses bile to directdigestion and hence metabolism into the venousdigestion and hence metabolism into the venoussystem.system.

KaphaKapha is theis the water water principle which relates toprinciple which relates tomucous, lubrication and the carrier of nutrientsmucous, lubrication and the carrier of nutrientsinto the arterial system.into the arterial system.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

InIn AyurvedicAyurvedic philosophy, the five elements combinephilosophy, the five elements combine

in pairs to form three dynamic forces or interactionsin pairs to form three dynamic forces or interactions

calledcalled doshasdoshas.. DoshaDosha means "that which changes.means "that which changes.

" It is a word derived from the root" It is a word derived from the root dusdus, which is, which isequivalent to the English prefix 'equivalent to the English prefix 'dysdys', such', such

as in dysfunction, dystrophy, etc. In this sense,as in dysfunction, dystrophy, etc. In this sense,

doshadosha can be regarded as a fault, mistake, error,can be regarded as a fault, mistake, error,or a transgression against the cosmic rhythm. Theor a transgression against the cosmic rhythm. The

doshasdoshas are constantly moving in dynamic balance,are constantly moving in dynamic balance,

one with the others.one with the others. DoshasDoshas are required for theare required for the

life to happen. Inlife to happen. In AyurvedaAyurveda,, doshadosha is also knownis also known

as the governing principles as every living thing inas the governing principles as every living thing innature is characterized by thenature is characterized by the doshadosha..

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued………………Continued………………

DoshaDosha Related ElementsRelated Elements

VataVata: Air and Ether: Air and Ether

PittaPitta: Fire and Water: Fire and WaterKaphaKapha: Water and Earth: Water and Earth

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Effect of Constitution Type OnEffect of Constitution Type On

Body or MicrocosmBody or Microcosm

Stability EnergyStability EnergyLubricationLubrication

ForgivenessForgiveness

GreedGreedAttachmentAttachment

AccumulationAccumulationHoldingHoldingPossessivenessPossessiveness

Body heatBody heatTemperatureTemperature

DigestionDigestion

PerceptionPerceptionUnderstandingUnderstanding

Hunger ThirstHunger ThirstIntelligenceIntelligenceAnger HateAnger Hate

JealousyJealousy

MovementMovementBreathingBreathing

Natural UrgesNatural Urges

TransformationTransformationof the tissuesof the tissues

Motor functionsMotor functionsSensorySensoryfunctionsfunctions

UngroundednesUngroundednesss SecretionsSecretions

Excretions FearExcretions FearEmptinessEmptinessAnxietyAnxiety

Thoughts LifeThoughts Life

force Nerveforce Nerve

impulsesimpulses

FunctionFunctionof theof the

DoshaDosha (or(or

controls)controls)

KafaKafaPittaPittaVataVata

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued………………………Continued………………………

Cells whichCells which

make upmake up

our organsour organs

and fluidsand fluids

whichwhich

nourish andnourish and

protectprotect

themthem

PittaPitta

controls thecontrols the

enzymesenzymes

that digestthat digest

our foodour food

and theand the

hormoneshormones

thatthat

regulateregulateourour

metabolismmetabolism

TheThe

movementmovement

of: nerveof: nerve

impulsesimpulses

airair

bloodblood

foodfood

wastewastethoughtthought

ManifestsManifests

in livingin living

things asthings as

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

oily coldoily cold

heavyheavy

stablestabledensedense

smoothsmooth

hothot

lightlight

fluidfluid

subtlesubtle

sharpsharpmalodorousmalodorous

softsoft

clearclear

coldcold

lightlight

irregularirregularmobilemobile

rarefiedrarefied

drydry

roughrough

CharacterisCharacteris

ticstics

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued…………………….Continued…………………….

MucousMucous

buildbuild--up inup in

the sinusthe sinusand nasaland nasal

passages,passages,

the lungsthe lungsand colon.and colon.

ulcersulcers

hormonalhormonal

imbalanceimbalanceirritatedirritated

skin (acne)skin (acne)

consumingconsumingemotionsemotions

(anger)(anger)

nervenerve

irritationirritation

high bloodhigh bloodpressurepressure

gasgas

confusionconfusion

AggressiveAggressive

doshadosha cancan

result inresult in

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

ExperiencesExperiences

a drya dry

respiratoryrespiratorytract burningtract burning

stomachstomach

indigestionindigestion

inability toinability to

understandunderstandsluggishsluggish

metabolismmetabolism

nerve lossnerve loss

congestioncongestion

constipationconstipationthoughtlessnthoughtlessn

essess

Too littleToo little

doshadosha

force canforce canresult inresult in

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

ChildhoodChildhood

years.years.

During thisDuring thisperiod, weperiod, we

grow orgrow or

increase inincrease insubstancesubstance

of the bodyof the body

Teen andTeen and

Adult.Adult.

During thisDuring thisstage, ourstage, our

hormonehormone

changeschangestransformstransforms

us intous into

adultsadults

Old ageOld age

As we getAs we get

older, weolder, we"shrink and"shrink and

dry outdry out

PredominPredomin

ant duringant during

the lifethe lifestage ofstage of

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

BalancedBalanced TridoshaTridosha means a Healthymeans a Healthy

PersonPersonEvery person (and thing) contains all threeEvery person (and thing) contains all threedoshasdoshas. However, the proportion varies. However, the proportion varies

according to the individual and usually oneaccording to the individual and usually oneor twoor two doshasdoshas predominate. Within eachpredominate. Within eachperson theperson the doshasdoshas are continuallyare continually

interacting with one another and with theinteracting with one another and with thedoshasdoshas in all of nature. This explains whyin all of nature. This explains whypeople can have much in common butpeople can have much in common but

also have an endless variety of individualalso have an endless variety of individualdifferences in the way they behave anddifferences in the way they behave andrespond to their environment.respond to their environment.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

SaptaSapta--DhatuDhatu (Seven Body Tissues)(Seven Body Tissues)

RasaRasa -- Final Metabolic Juice and PlasmaFinal Metabolic Juice and Plasma

(Digestive(Digestive SyatemSyatem))

RaktaRakta – – BloodBlood(Blood Circulatory System)(Blood Circulatory System)

MamsaMamsa – – Muscles and TendonsMuscles and Tendons

(Muscular System)(Muscular System)

MedMed – – FatFat

MajjaMajja -- MarrowMarrow

AsthiAsthi – – BoneBone

(Skeleton)(Skeleton)

ShukraShukra – – SemenSemen FluiedFluied

(Reproductive System)(Reproductive System)

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

SrotasSrotas or Channelsor Channels

AyurvedaAyurveda refers the meaning of “refers the meaning of “SrotasSrotas” is” is

the body channels consist of one or morethe body channels consist of one or morethen one system carries certain liquids,then one system carries certain liquids,

impulsions, and actions.impulsions, and actions.

Such are as examples:Such are as examples: PranvahaPranvaha SrotasSrotas (Respiratory Channel)(Respiratory Channel)

RasavahaRasavaha SrotasSrotas (Metabolism)(Metabolism) RaktavahaRaktavaha SrotasSrotas (Blood circulatory(Blood circulatory

channel), etc.channel), etc.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Concept ofConcept of PrakrutiPrakruti andand VikrutiVikruti

According toAccording to AyurvedaAyurveda, basic constitution is, basic constitution isdetermined at the time of conception. Thisdetermined at the time of conception. This

constitution is calledconstitution is called PrakrutiPrakruti..

The termThe term PrakrutiPrakruti is a Sanskrit word thatis a Sanskrit word that

means, "nature," "creativity," or "the firstmeans, "nature," "creativity," or "the firstcreation." One of the very important conceptcreation." One of the very important conceptofof AyurvedaAyurveda is that one's basic constitutionis that one's basic constitutionis fixed throughout his lifetime. Theis fixed throughout his lifetime. The

combination ofcombination of VataVata,, PittaPitta, and, and KaphaKapha thatthatwas present in the individual at the time ofwas present in the individual at the time ofconception is maintained throughout hisconception is maintained throughout his

lifetime.lifetime.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued…………………Continued…………………

DDifferent persons can have differentifferent persons can have different

combination ofcombination of VataVata,, PittaPitta andand kaphakapha as theiras their

basic constitution orbasic constitution or PrakrutiPrakruti. This is how. This is howAyurvedaAyurveda can explain the subtle differencescan explain the subtle differences

between individuals and explains whybetween individuals and explains why

everyone is unique and that two persons caneveryone is unique and that two persons can

react very differently when exposed to thereact very differently when exposed to the

same environment or stimuli. Yoursame environment or stimuli. Your PrakrutiPrakruti isis

unique to you just as your fingerprint andunique to you just as your fingerprint and

DNA. Thus, in order to understand a person,DNA. Thus, in order to understand a person,

it is necessary to determine his or herit is necessary to determine his or her

PrakrutiPrakruti..

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Diagnostic TestsDiagnostic Tests based onbased on PrakrutiPrakruti

A couple of parameters are explained inA couple of parameters are explained inayurvedaayurveda to determine theto determine the PrakrutiPrakruti of aof a

human, i.e., Are you : Flexible/optimistic/ human, i.e., Are you : Flexible/optimistic/ Ambitious/ practical/ intense/ Calm/ Ambitious/ practical/ intense/ Calm/ peaceful/ solicitouspeaceful/ solicitous

Such type of questionnaire is described inSuch type of questionnaire is described inAyurvedaAyurveda to evaluate theto evaluate the PrakrutiPrakruti of aof aperson.person.

After finding the rightAfter finding the right PrakrutiPrakruti than anthan anayurvedicayurvedic physician goes for findingphysician goes for finding VikrutiVikruti(Pathology)(Pathology)

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

VikrutiVikruti For finding the pathogenesis of any ailment theFor finding the pathogenesis of any ailment the

parameters are given inparameters are given in AyurvedaAyurveda ininquestionnaire form. Questions may variedquestionnaire form. Questions may varied

according to type of disease. As example:according to type of disease. As example:--

0 1 2 30 1 2 3Poor appetitePoor appetite

0 1 2 30 1 2 3WorriedWorried

0 = Does not apply0 = Does not apply

3 = Strongly apply3 = Strongly applySymptomSymptom

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

How Do We Get Sick?How Do We Get Sick?

AyurvedaAyurveda holds that specific diseaseholds that specific disease

conditions are symptoms of an underlyingconditions are symptoms of an underlying

imbalance. It does not neglect relief ofimbalance. It does not neglect relief of

these symptoms, but its main focus is onthese symptoms, but its main focus is on

the big picture: to restore balance and tothe big picture: to restore balance and tohelp you create such a healthy lifestylehelp you create such a healthy lifestyle

that the imbalance won't occur again.that the imbalance won't occur again.

Living in health and balance is the key to aLiving in health and balance is the key to along life free from disease.long life free from disease.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

Continued……………………Continued……………………

Perhaps the most important lessonPerhaps the most important lessonAyurvedaAyurveda has to teach is that our health ishas to teach is that our health is

up to us. Every day of our lives, every hourup to us. Every day of our lives, every hourof every day, we can, and do, chooseof every day, we can, and do, chooseeither health or illness.either health or illness.

When we choose wisely, nature rewardsWhen we choose wisely, nature rewardsus with health and happiness. When weus with health and happiness. When wepersistently choose unwisely, nature, inpersistently choose unwisely, nature, in

her wisdom, eventually sets us straight:her wisdom, eventually sets us straight:She makes us sick and gives us a chanceShe makes us sick and gives us a chanceto rest and rethink our choices.to rest and rethink our choices.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

ConclusionConclusion

The theoretical side ofThe theoretical side of AyurvedaAyurveda providesprovides

insights into how to live one's life ininsights into how to live one's life in

harmony with nature and natural laws andharmony with nature and natural laws andrhythms. Its practical siderhythms. Its practical side -- specifically itsspecifically its

guidelines for an intelligently regulated dietguidelines for an intelligently regulated diet

and daily routine, its techniques for stressand daily routine, its techniques for stressmanagement, and its exercises formanagement, and its exercises for

increased fitness and alertnessincreased fitness and alertness--help ushelp ustake control of our lives and developtake control of our lives and develop

radiant health.radiant health.

7/28/2019 2__dr_ch

2__dr_ch

Documents

Šolski spis: glista

공학함수38가지

טבלאות פרמקולוגיה קרדיו

gidoi teknikoa

168名詞解釋

informacia ot bd i riosv 12 12 2005

Титульный лист ДЗ МГТУ им. Н.Э....

shmeiwseis-mmf2

英文的金玉良言

puntuación paef,s

phone

active partner list (international)

clinica dental portugal

расписание электричек...

Γιάννης Χοντζέας - Για την...

1 시스템분석입문

Учебник языка ruby

Бандеровщина

bibliografia

דילמות בערכי יהדות