unit 9 when was it invented? when was it invented? section a

Unit 9 When was it invented?When was it invented?

Section A

What are they? They are four inventions of China

gun powder

paper making printing

compass

Make a list of inventions you know.

-- Who invented the telephone ?

-- Who was the telephone invented by ?

-- Bell invented the telephone.

-- It was invented by Bell.被动语态

被动语态 (Passive Voice)

结构 : be + V-p.p

am/are /is + 动词的过去分词

was/were + 动词的过去分词

一般现在时的被动语态

一般过去时的被动语态

Many people speak English.( 主动语态 )

English is spoken by many people

The naughty boy broke the window yesterday.( 主动语态 )

The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday.

We bought some books.

主动句与被动句之间的转换

Some books were bought ( by us )

主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语

主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词 + 宾语

主动句变为被动句所遵循的 4 个步骤：

1.把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 .2.把动词变为被动形式即 be +过去分

词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。

3.原主动句的主语如需要则放在 by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。

4.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。

被动语态的几种句型1 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)

A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.

2 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词 + (by…)

3 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)

A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage.

Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?

4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)Where was a sweet song sung by her?

请把下列的主动句变为被动句

1.He wrote an article last week.

An article was written by him last week.

2.The people make history.

History is made by people.

3.Do people use Chinese only in China?

Is Chinese used by people only in China?

4.They didn’t visit the city two years ago.

The city wasn’t visited by them two years ago.

5 Where did you make them?

Where were they made by you?

1. The woman asked the policeman for help.

2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.

3. Do they use the box as a table?

4. She sent me a collection last week.

5. The teacher doesn’t teach us math this term.

练习：请把下列主动句变为被动句

6. Did Lily buy her sister a hat?7. We often hear him play the violin at home.8. The lazy boy didn’t wash clothes yesterday.9. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.10.When did your father took you to the park .

calculator

1985 Henry Ford

1971

1885

1907 Wright

Cray

Bill Hewlett

calculator

calculator

1885 Henry Ford

1971

1927 Cray

Bill Hewlett

Baird1927

Bell1876

1b: listen and match the inventions and

the dates.

_____ 1876

_____ 1885

_____ 1927

_____ 1971

_____ 1976

d

a

e

c

b

_____ 1876

_____ 1885

_____ 1927

_____ 1971

_____ 1976

d

a

e

c

b

The telephone was invented in 1876.

The car was invented in 1885.

When was … invented ?

Look at the following conversation. Make conversations with your partner.

A: What’s this called in English ？B: It’s called a TV.A: Is it an invention?

B: Yes, it is.

A: When was the TV invented?B: It was invented in 1926

A: Who was it invented by?B: It was invented by Baird.

T: What’s this called in English ？S: It’s called a telephone.

T: Is it an invention?

T: When was the telephone invented?

S: It was invented in 1876.

T: Who was it invented by?S: It was invented by Bell.

S: Yes, it is.

3 2 1

2a: listen and number the inventions in the

order that you hear them.

2b: listen again and match the items in

columns A,B and C.

changing the style of a shoe

Julie Thompsonheated ice cream scoop

seeing in the dark

Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth

battery-operated slippers

scooping really cold ice cream

Chelsea Lanmonshoes with adjustable heels

What is it used for?

Who was it invented by?

invention

2c. Pairwork

Role play conversations using the information in the chart above.

A: What are they used for?B: They’re used for seeing in the dark.

alarm clock light bulb

Microwave oven

3a. PairworkMake a list of five helpful inventions and five annoying inventions.

Make a list of five helpful inventions and five annoying inventions.

Helpful inventions Annoying inventions

Example ______________

1.___________________

2.___________________

3.___________________

4.___________________

5.___________________

Example ______________

1.___________________

2.___________________

3.___________________

4.___________________

5.___________________

telephone alarm clock

3b

A: What do you think is the most helpful invention?B: I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb.A: Why is that?B: Well, it gives people more time to work and play every day.

Discuss your opinions in 3a with your partner.

Pairwork

4. Groupwork 4. Groupwork

What would you do if you are alone on a tiny island? Choose five inventions you would like to have on the island with you. Tell the group what you chose and why.

What would you do if you are alone on a tiny island? Choose five inventions you would like to have on the island with you. Tell the group what you chose and why.

A: I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day.B: Yes, but that’s not going to help you leave the island. I think it would be better to have …

A: I’d like to have

some matches

because I could light

a fire to keep warm.

B: Yes, but that’s not

going to help you

leave the island. I

think it would be

better to have a

mobile phone.

4. Groupwork 4. Groupwork

Section B

sweetsweetsoursour

sweetsweet

sweetsweet

What do you think of the following things?

crispycrispycrispycrispy saltysaltysaltysalty

saltysaltysaltysalty

sweetsweet

What do you think of the following things?

sweetsweet bitterbitter soursour

sweetsweet

sweetsweet

bitterbitter

sweetsweet

sweet crispy salty sour

salty soursweet sweet

bitter

cold

1b. Write the name of a different food after each word.

sweet:

crispy:

salty:

sour:

apple banana

cake

honeyorange juice

potato chips

salad

lettuce

French fries

pizza

popcorn

pickle lemongrape

2a.Listen and circle “T” (for true) or “F” (for false).

1. The potato chips were invented by mistake.

2. They were invented in 1863.3. The customer thought the

potatoes weren’t thin enough.4. The customer said they weren’t

salty enough.5. George wanted to make the

customer happy.6. The customer was happy in the

end.

T FT F

T FT F

T FT F

T FT F

T FT F

T FT F

The history of potato chips

____________ that potato chips were invented by mistake? Chips ____________ by a chef called George Crum. They were invented in ______. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they __________. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were ___________.

Did you knowwere invented

1853were crispy

really salty

2b. Listen again. Complete the sentences.

2c. Pairwork

Role play the conversation about the invention of potato chips. Use the information from 2a and 2b.

A: Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake?B: Wow, I didn’t know that. Who invented them?A: …

3a. Read the article and write answers to the questions.

1. What is the article about ?

It is about the invention of tea.

It was invented over three thousand

years ago.

2. When was it invented?

3a. Read the article and write answers to the questions.

It was invented by the Chinese emperor

Shen Nong.

It was invented by accident.

3. Who was it invented by?

4. How was it invented?

Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was invented by accident? Although tea wasn’t brought to the Western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that. According to an Ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong Discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open fire.

Who invented tea?Who invented tea?

Some leaves from a nearby bush

fell into the water and remained

there for some time. The emperor

noticed that the leaves in the

water produced a pleasant smell.

Later he decided to taste the hot

mixture. It was quite delicious.

And in this way, one of the world’s

favorite drinks was invented.

Write an article using the notes in the box.Write an article using the notes in the box.

Who: college students

What: metal pie plate, flying disk

When: 1950

Where: bakery Bridgeport, Connecticut

How: students eat pie, throw pie plates

Today: clubs, magazines, festival

3b Writing

From pie plate to flying disk.From pie plate to flying disk.

The flying disk was invented by college students. They used a metal pie plate from a bakery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Students ate the bakery’s pies and then threw the pie plates. Today, there are flying disk clubs, magazines and a festival.

4a. Think of something that you don’t like doing. Then think of an invention that could help you. Write the details in the chart.

a pen that listens and writesa pen that listens and writesNew invention:New invention:

Use:Use:It can listen to the writer and It can listen to the writer and write by itself.write by itself.

PricePrice : :$ 50$ 50

writing testswriting tests

Problem: :Problem: :

music candlemusic candle

activity glassesactivity glasses

temperature cuptemperature cup

Self check: (1)

1. I don’t like eating chocolate. The taste is too _______ .

2. Mom added salt but it still wasn’t ______ enough.

3. I prefer lemons to oranges. I like the ______ taste.

4. She likes _______ cookies. They are hard, dry and easily broken.

sweetsalty

sour

crispy

crispy sweet salty sour

abacus umbrella

camera

binoculars

bicycle

The abacus was invented in the sixth century by Chinese people. The umbrella was invented about 4,000 years ago in Assyria, China and Egypt. The binoculars was invented in 1854 by Galileo Porro in Italy. The camera was invented in 1827 by Joseph Nicephore Niepce who took the first picture. The bicycle was invented in 1880s in England.

Reading

Can you list eight sports that

played in China?

Do you like sports?

What sport do you often play?

List eight sports played in China.List eight sports played in China.

Sport Rank Sport Rank

football

volleyball

table tennis

baseball

basketball

skating

swimming

boxing

How popular is each sport? How popular is each sport? Rank them [1-8] in order of Rank them [1-8] in order of popularity.popularity.

List eight sports played in China.List eight sports played in China.

Sport Rank Sport Rank

football

volleyball

table tennis

baseball

basketball

skating

swimming

boxing

Do you like basketball?

How much do you know about

basketball?

basketball court

Equipment about basketballEquipment about basketball

basketballbasketball

metal hoopmetal hoop

backboardbackboard

netnet

wooden floorwooden floor木地板木地板

装备 ,器材

Answer the following questions.Answer the following questions.

1.1. Who invented basketball? Who invented basketball?

2.2. Why were the Berlin Olympic Why were the Berlin Olympic important for basketball? important for basketball?

James Naismith.James Naismith.

In 1936 in Berlin, basketball became In 1936 in Berlin, basketball became an Olympic event.an Olympic event.

4.4. Name a professional basketball Name a professional basketball organization in America. organization in America.

3.3. What is the aim of What is the aim of basketball?basketball?To get the ball into the hoop (basket).To get the ball into the hoop (basket).

NBA (The National Basketball NBA (The National Basketball Association).Association).

3a Complete the mind-map with the information from the reading.

Now played everywhere

factories

for fun and

parks school

exercise

BASKETBALL

200 countries

AMERICAAMERICA EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT

NBA ball basket backboard

BASKETBALL

historyhistory

James Naismith

BerlinDecember 21st 1891

THE GAME

9 team players two teams get a ball intothe basket

1. 1. 用用 55 分钟时间通读短文分钟时间通读短文 ..

2. 2. 将生词和不熟悉的短语将生词和不熟悉的短语 及有困难的句子打上记及有困难的句子打上记号号 ..3.3. 和同桌讨论一下你的难点和同桌讨论一下你的难点 ..

If you travel around China you will notice a very popular activity everywhere you go-basketball. This much-loved and active sport is enjoyed by all, for fun and exercise.

The sport of basketball is a little more than a hundred years old. It is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries including China, where basketball has been played in parks, schools, and even in factories.

Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was born in 1861. When he was at college, his class was once asked to invent a new game that could be played indoors during the long winters.

Dr Naismith created a game to be played on a hard wooden floor, so the safety of the players was important. Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous.

Dr Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams, and taught them how to play his new game. The aim of basketball is for players to try to get a ball into the “basket”: a net hanging from a metal hoop.

Players shoot from below the basket, and sometimes the “backboard” is used for guiding the ball into the basket. Players move towards one end of the court while throwing the ball to each other.

It is believed that on December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an Olympic event. A team from China took part, and although they didn’t win they used the experience to help develop the game at home.

Since then, the popularity of basketball has risen worldwide, and the number of foreign players in America’s NBA (National Basketball Association) has increased. Basketball has also become a more popular sport for people to watch, and many young people dream of becoming famous basketball players.

Discuss the good things and difficult things about being a basketball player.