企業不正の研究harp.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/onomichi-u/file/13881...尾道市立大学経済情報論集...

尾道市立大学経済情報論集　第 20 巻第 1号　2020 年 7 月　抜刷

企業不正の研究

A Study in the Occupational Fraud

川　田　一　義

1

2

3

4

27

fraud, gimmicks ,malfeasance

systematical capturepassive

3572 1 17 1031 1

1594

2

Donald Ray Cressey 1919 87503 gimmicks & fraud 1950

Fraud Trianglemoment

1 17.10.25

2 2017 p.40

28 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

dolus intentionculpa negligence faute

strict liability

business judgement rulething done

think outside the box

A

05 CEOCarlos Ghosn 64 06

100 cross-functional team : CTF

29企業不正の研究

3

corporate governance CG

15

1

B

7

4

incentive: the urge and ability to get things done

3 2018.12.15 pp.44

30 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

logical

A

17 11 17

183 8 200

16

19 4 12

12 102.5 4 4000

63

4

B

4 17.11.29


1.5 1 710

17 35

2000

90 30

10

1999 COO

2000 2017

5

La fin justifie les moyens.

5 17.11.15

32 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

A

18 6 5 CEO

10

19 3 13

B


16 1

40

6

08 6 17107 10 2

18 9

KYB8 1

5

C

1977

1960

6 2019.1 p.125

34 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

18 2

AI1970

1 676518

5 1 3532

19872000

05 606 1 06 4

06 4 1 51

100

JIS


7

8

1948

1950

2000

02

7 17.11.19

8 17.11.28

9 2016 pp.38-40

36 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

02

21 7 065 200

362

2

DL

DL

DL

DL

DL

1951

1974396 1951

3


10

11

10 2017 No.1 p.100

11 19.3.5

38 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

CG

2 5

18 10 1139

58.8

4

HP12

06 1 leniency

12 2015 p.463


18 3 116513

5030

19 318

17 12

3018 1 22

2

attorney client privilegediscovery

14

18 3

13 19.3.13

14 18.8.27

40 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

15

free to shoose

fiduciary relationships643

330 644 355

stewardship16

15 19.3.13

16 2016 No.10 pp.13-21


17

423

429

429

709 715

18

compliance - oriented 90

integrity - oriented

proper causeG.Radbruch 1878 1949

17 2019 pp.44-57

18 2018 No.4 p.48

42 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

19

ethics ethos

static moralsmores

kinetic moral ethics

unconditional

educe

tone at the top

integrity the quality of having strong moral principlesDo the

right thing

19 2016 pp.5-6 p.13


untouched wholeness

educe2000 nomination advisory council : NAC

150

Jack Welch Jr.Energy Energize Edge

Execute E

DLTL 2 DL

outcome impactObjective and Key Result : OKR

TL

anticipate 20

97 11 05 7 12 215 4 16 12

3financial shenanigans

20 18.9.15

44 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

16 57 33

22

23

A

19 1 HD 13IFRS 204 JMIS IFRS

21 2016 No.6 pp.54

22 2018 No.3 pp.67

23 2016 No.6 pp.47


IFRS

20

2001 6 FASB142 M&A

IT24

17 12

18 3 189 2 4600 3558 19 32 3000 1 8700

799

IFRS IFRS

18 12 IFRS 19 1operating lease

B/S

P/L B/SASBJ 19 3 22

B/S2 3

B

things done

historical information

estimates appraisal

24 2017 No.3 p.29

46 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

uncertainty

C

true and fair view : TFV override

1948

06 396 5

the directors must depart from that provision to the extent necessary to give a true and fair view

common law:statute law

Equity

positive lawnatural law

25 200

327 328 396

1948 7 27 33 28 50 3

1951 7 1


57 1 1

66 65

2 193 2B/S P/L

2

656644 423

415423 415

27

19 1 22

2 3

48 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

19 7 22 57AI

3600 7 4KPMG NTT DTT

JT EY EY PwCPwC

Continuous Auditing:CA18 11 30

3

HP EDINET

18 11 19 Carlos Ghosn 64 11 315 3 5 99

9800hide away around half of his income 49 8700 5

10 3 1

2009 8 9100 10 9 8200 11 9 8700

3

17 3 18 325 08 6 29 9000

25 18.12.13


ICGN Kerrie Waring

SAR stock appreciation rights03 6 11 3 18 3

40 0

SAR 13 15 600

SAR SARSAR

deferred compensation

SAR SAR

171 1 5000

17 7 3500 2 2700740 9 5000

totalpaid postponed

fixed remuneration

26 2019 No.2 p.82

50 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

18 3 8 80

10 31

Greg Kelly 62 10

CEO

CEO

27

1

10

27 18.12.19


35 28

10 1 CG

91

5 50100 12 7500

29

CG

30

28 2018.12.17 pp.14-15

29 18.12.12

30 18.12.11 27

52 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

19 3 4 3182untrue statement

18 3 9 92

19 3 16 5200 253 11 23 19 3

12 370019 6 27

ACGA

31

10 1000 7

172 4 10 6 60021 2

19 6 26

20

02 7 Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002 SOX

06 2 07 SOXJ-SOX

8 4 1

J-SOX

24 4 4

31 18.12.14


24 4 2193 2

32

16 6 3 18 6 1plea bargain

2 18CFO CCO

3 10 31 111 2

19 4 222

5 10 2

32 18.12.4

54 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

3 16

17 9 1011

17

33

17 9 18 3

9 29 26 6 1 185

33 17.10.25


10 2121

10 1910 20

6

11 68

14 8

34

11 17 224 1

120 92

18 3 26

7 9 6 13 4 18 62187 19 1205

34 17.11.1 18.3.27

56 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

9

9 2

35

9 263 7

12 7 4 910 17 11 7

18 10 25 211

6

130

19 2 818 100

1

SUBARU

35 18.7.11


17 10 27 5 SUBARU 17 463

8

24530

36

12 19 301

12 20 NHK

18 4 272 12

903

36 17.10.28 29 12.20

58 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

6 5

12 12 6530927 1551

6 22

9 283 6 6

11 5 17 1218 10 10

10 29

17 10 8 JR 9 25

1 10

10 13 4 1

200


10 26

11 10 5

5

nudge

18 3 680

4 1

17OB 540

1970 605

14 49 6

37

37 18.5.28

60 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

7 17 34

7 19 16 17

4 5500 3

38

19 3 131

17 11 23 3

11 24 63

10 19 10 2510 30

01

15 4 17 92 1400 274

19901990

38 18.7.18 7.20


60 17 3 10 23 7

12 1

54

16 11

12 1916 12 17 11

1 5

12 28

18 2 8 3

3

197716

18 1

2 20

62 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

3 285 762

2

6

6 8JIS

JIS

9 12 32

64

12 10

75

KYB

18 10 16 KYB 03 118 9

9861 928

100

15 KYB6

8 KYB2

11 151

974113

12 19 KYB


1102

19 2 13 KYB

01 2

IHI

19 3 5 IHI

FAA2 211

18 4

191 2

IHI

4 5

4 9 1 4000IHI IHI 04

CG07 12

5 10 IHI

64 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

18 5 15 1895

1

18 1 17

2 3

2 3700

33

90

9 7 321 14795 18 10 1546

139

21 1000

39 18.9.9


1990

11 30 26

300 117

19 4 12

66

5 15 3.81.89388 6401

7813 55371575 864

1

4000 43001

17 12 8 90

413

27 9 3

18 19

66 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

4 14JR

05

4

18 2 112 2 2

3 2 22

4JR

3 23 14 4 15 8 4JR

4

2 3

40

7 10 4 2

40 18.3.24


824

10 22 2 1 800010

19 1 182 2 6 1 120

21

18 3 29 4 17 TV21

4 271994 1 1995 12 915

5 29 1996 2009 1 3791290 17 21

19 2 27

3 18

4 10 3 9085 56 2 1811 37841892 3766

1427

5 29

68 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

3 57 5

6 21 4745 17869 9 766 1980

7 13 267

7 166 7

1 9689 1 3400 8376000

10

15 4

Überzeugungsverbrechen

18 11 19 N155AN

12 257000 22


3

11 22 8 4CEO

7 2 26

12 10 16 318 3 3 42 7000 underreported his

salary to the tune of 42 .7billion 23

5 411 3

12 21 5108 10 (

) 18 5000 16

960 3

19 1 11

3 2099 17

314

4 4 SBA 1500500 GFI

5 63004

4 22 4 25

6 25 116

70 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

JXTGCEO

19 1 29 KYB 2

1810

KYBKYB

LIXIL

19 2 8 G

2 12

2 1

3 29 4

723

DLE

19 2 13DLE 1 3540


DLE14 6 3 18 6 4 23

DLE 14 3 16 418 12 28 DLE 3360

HD19 3 20

52 3

17 3CF 9 6000 1 3000

CF 513 3 4 18 5

18 941

1000

15 CG 2

41 19.3.21

72 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

remuneration CG

owners 295separation of ownership from control

gubernareexternal control system CG

74381

404

4

42 2016 No.2 p.22


43

23 189032 supervision

surveillance Überwachung auditive verification Prüfung

197444

3

127362

1950To abolish

the kansayaku system and to make provision for an organ to examine the accounts of the company.auditor

kansayaku

1950

43 2017 p.202

44 2016 No.8 pp.34 35

74 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

45

Board CPA 1950

46

1951

CG 4 4344

1965 3

47

6667 EY

67 5 AB 68 1 A

B

45 1969 p.153

46 2015 p. 84

47 p.1


1974 3 72

274274 381

3 06 5 13

5192

183

1974

48

1981 105 200

260

1997

48 2016 No.8 pp.55-61

76 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

2125

1993

18 18 201

12 8 29Corporate Auditor Audit & Supervisory Board Member Supervisory

15 7 23

2 CG4 4

15 5 CG

1993 10 17 2800 80

4 3335

CEO


344399

06

2

03 4 70 2

404

3 4002

3

416

3

97

02 03 4external

monitoring board03 36

399 404399 39 9 2

390

78 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

141

49

CG05

1402 403

404

06 5 115 5 1

06 5 637 18

49 2015 pp.226-227


06 5 1317 400

327

3 399 22 331

2 1329

399 2

342 2 361

399 13

HD19 6 26

80 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

3

monitor

CG full-time executives day to day operational management

CG

32 1899

1950 GHQ

06327

348 349

329

06 418


14 15 5 1 outside directors

327 2

2 331124

CD 2 31

1 2 11 15 903 1 33

60 70

85 61 60100 35 51

4

50 19.5.11 7.9

51 19.6.5

82 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

IT

19 6

fresh eye

99 05

10 200

52

groupthink

CEO

52 2018.6.30 p.128


16 300 ROE ROA 15

20 1018 8 1 156 26.3

17 3.7 15 34.4 23.2 17.9

06 CG15 CG

09 12356 3

1436 2

436 2

14 21 445 4

15 6 1 2014CG

CG

CG 7 95 3 2 4

14 19 2 330 38 73

53 19.1.6 14

54 18.10.14

84 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

1 4 4 11 11 CG

2 4 8

18 1 1 CG

18 6 1 CG

1 42 6 CEO

4 1 4 3 4 84 11

5 2

CEO

18 12 CG 118.1 17 7 13.5

CEO

1723


CEO

65 11 8 525 1 GE

G 15G 660MonotaRO 59

18 19 4 183 545

38

2M&A

3

404CEO

CG 1819 1 31

19 3 1

55 19.1.18

56 19.6.3 7.11

86 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

19 3 1 557273

claw backmalus

19 6 2752.20

57

19 6 15502 42

17 CEO90

76 52 10

A

3 5Restricted Stock RS

199

207 246

RS2

16 RS RS

34

57 19.7.3


RS34

RS 600 HD SO RS1.7 16 3 SO Stock Option 420

B

16 490

ROE ROICRS PSU

34

C PSU

PSU Performance Share Unit2

ROE ROIC

1734

PSU 40

14 2 26 GPIF

Stewardship Code SS 2 1

7

17 5 29 SS 3

4 4

58 2016 No.5 p.82

88 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

19 6 25 380 26 460 27 720

2 332 14.854

60 80

CG 1 1

20

54

719 6 26

12 CEO7 10 4

19 6 21

CG


1960

debt governance

199001 9

CG90 34 17

10 173

11 1 3030

19 1 3119 3 30 60

CG

19 6 25 18CEO 8

8 253.7

65 4 4

12

3 SS

19 6

90 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

decent work

pathology

moral compass

ANAHD

2019 7 30

2019

2018

2016

1969


2015 BP

2014

2016

2019

2016

2015

2015

2016

2017

2017

2016 Vol.68 No.8 pp.55 61

2016 Vol.68 No.5 pp.81 87

2017 Vol.69 No.3 pp.29-36

2015 Vol.67 No.12 pp.9293

2016 Vol.68 No.6 pp.51 58

2019 Vol.71 No.2 pp.82 83

2016 Vol.68 No.8 pp.31 39

2018 Vol.70 No.3 pp.66 73

2017 Vol.69 No.1 pp.100-101

2016 Vol.68 No.2pp.18-33

2018 Vol.70 No.4 pp.47-53

92 Vol. 20　　　No. 1

2016 Vol.68 No.6 pp.44 50

2016 Vol.68 No.10 pp.13-21

2018 9 No.659 pp.70-74

2019.1 pp.116-127

2018 12 17

2018 12 15 pp.24-53

2018 6 30 p.128

2018.12.17 pp.14-15 28-41


企業不正の研究harp.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/onomichi-u/file/13881...尾道市立大学経済情報論集...

Documents