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CHEMISTRY PROJECT

On

DETERMINATION OF THE

CONTENTS OF COLD DRINK

PROJECT PREPARED BY :

Amit Debnath Dept of Chemistry

Class :- H.S 2nd

year Arya Vidyapeet CollegeSession :- 2013-2014

Reg.No :-

Roll number :-

College :- Arya Vidyapeeth College


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CONTENTS 1. Aim

2. Certificate

3. Acknowledgement

4. Introduction

5. Theory

6. Requirements7. Chemical Required

8. Detection of PH

9. Test for CO 210. Test for Glucose

11. Test for Phosphate12. Test for Alcohol

13. Test for Sucrose

14. Result

15. Conclusion


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CERTIFICATE

This is hereby to certify that, the original and genuineinvestigation work has been carried out to investigateabout the subject matter and the related data collectionand investigation has been completed solely, sincerelyand satisfactorily by AMIT DEBNATH of CLASS XII.Roll no , Arya Vidyapeeth College , regarding his

project titled Comparative study andqualitative analysis of different brandsof cold drinks available in market.

Teachers Signature


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTIt would be my utmost pleasure to express my sincere thanks to My

Chemistry Teachers

in providing a helping hand in this project. Theirvaluable guidance, support and supervision all though this project titled

Comparative study and qualitativeanalysis of different brands of cold

drinks available in market.

Amit DebnathClass XII ( SC )Roll no:


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INTRODUCTION

The era of cold drinks began in 1952 but theindustrialization in Indian market as began withlaunching of Limca and Goldspot by parleygroup of companies. Since the beginning of colddrinks was highly profitable and luring, manymultinational companies launch their brands inIndia like Pepsi and Coke.

Now a days, it is observed in general thatmajority of people viewed Sprite, Fanta and

Limca to give feeling of lightness, while Pepsiand Thumps Up to activate pulse and brain.


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THEORY

Cold drinks of different brands art composed of alcohols,carbohydrates,carbon dioxide,phosphate ions etc .These softdrinks give us the feeling of warmth,lightness and a tangy tastewhich is liked by everyone ,carbon dioxide is responsible for theformation of forth on shaking the bottle .

The CO 2 gas is dissolved in water to form carbonic acid which isresponsible for the tangy taste. Carbohydrates are the naturallyoccurring organic compounds and are major source of energy toour body .general formula of carbohydrates is C x(H2O) y

On the basis of their molecular size ,carbohydrate are classifiedas-MONOSACCHARIDE,DISSACCHARIDE andPOLYSACCHARIDE .

Glucose is a monsaccharide with formula C 6H12 O 6.It occurs inthe free state in the ripen grapes in bones and also in manysweet fruit .It is also resent in human blood to the extent of about0.1%.Sucrose is one of the most useful dissaccharide in our dailylife . It is widely distributed in nature of in juices ,seeds and alsoin flowers of many plants .The main source of sucrose is sugarcane juices -which contains15-20% sucrose and sugar but which has about 10-17%sucrose

.The molecular formula of sucrose is C 12 H12 O11 . It is produced bya mixture of glucose and fructose .It is non-reducing in naturewhereas glucose is reducing .Cold drinks are a bi acidic in natureand their acidity can be measured by finding their pH value .Theacidic contents such as critic acid and phosphoric acid .


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Requirements

1. Test tube2. Test tube holder

3. Test tube stand

4. Stop watch

5. Beaker

6. Burner

7. pH Paper

8. Tripod Stand

9. China Dish

10. Wire Gauge 11. Water Bath


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CHEMICALS REQUIRED

Iodine solution Potassium solution Lime solution Sodium solution Fehling 's A and B solution

Concentrated nitric solution Benedict solution Ammonium molybdate


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TEST FOR CARBON DIOXIDE

As soon as the bottles were opened, one by onethe samples was passed through lime water.The water turned milky.

OBSERVATIONSl

no

Name of the drink Time taken conclusion

1 Coca Cola 30 Sec Co 2 is present

2 Sprite 25 Sec Co 2ispresent

3 7-UP 20Sec Co 2 is present

4 Mountain Dew 23Sec Co 2ispresent

INFERENCE All the soft drinks dissolved CO 2 in water .TheCO 2 dissolve in water to form carbonic acidwhich is responsible for its tangy taste .CHEMICAL REACTION

Ca(OH) 2(s)+CO 2(g)---->CaCO 3(s)+H 2O(l) TEST FOR GLUCOSE


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EXPERIMENT

Glucose is reducing agent .Its presence is detected bythe following testBenedict Reagent test :-

Small sample of cold drinks of different brands weretaken in a test tube and a few drops of Benedictsreagent were added .The test tube was heated for a fewseconds .Formation of reddish colour confirmed thepresence of Glucose in cold drink.

OBSERVATIONSlno

Name of thedrink

Observation Conclusion

1 Coca-Cola Reddish

Orange

Glucose is

present2 Sprite ReddishOrange

Glucose ispresent

3 7-UP ReddishOrange

Glucose ispresent

4 Mountain Dew ReddishOrange

Glucose ispresent

INFERENCE All the samples gave positive test for Glucose withBenedicts reagent .Hence, all drinks contain Glucos.

TEST FOR PHOSPHATEEXPERIMENT


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Small samples of each brand of cold drinks were takenin separate test tubes and Ammonium Molybdatefollowed by concentrated nitric acid(HNO 3) was addedto it .The solution was heated and appearance ofcanary yellow precipitate confirm the presence of thephosphate ions in cold drinks .

OBSERVATION

Slno

Name of thedrink

Observation Conclusion

1 Coca-Cola No canary yellowppt.

Phosphate isabsent

2 Sprite No canary yellowppt.

Phosphate isabsent

3 7-up No canary yellow

ppt.

Phosphate is

absent4 Mountain Dew No canary yellowppt.

Phosphate isabsent

INFERENCE

The soft drinks samples gave negative test forphosphate ions. Hence, all the cold drinks do notcontain phosphate.

Test for alcoholEXPERIMENT


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Small samples of each brand of cold drink were taken inseparate test tubes and iodine followed by potassiumiodide and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)solution wasadded to each test tube. Then the test tube are heatedin hot water bath for 30 minutes .Appearance of yellowcolour precipitate confirmed the presence of alcohol incold drink.

OBSERVATIONSl.no Name of the drink Observation Conclusion

1 Coca Cola No yellow ppt. Alcohol is absent2 Sprite No yellow ppt. Alcohol is absent3 7-UP No yellow ppt. Alcohol is absent4 Mountain Dew No yellow ppt. Alcohol is absent

INFERENCE All the soft drink samples gave negative test for alcohol.

Hence all the cold drinks do not contain alcohol.CHEMICAL REACTIONCH 3CH 2OH+4I 2+6NaOH----->CHI 3+HCOONa+5NaI+5H 2O

TEST FOR SUCROSEEXPERIMENT

5ml samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken inseparate china dishes and were heated very stronglyuntil changes occur .Black colored residue leftconfirmed the presence of sucrose in cold drinks .


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OBSERVATION

Sl no Name of the drink Observation Conclusion1 Coca-Cola Black Residue Sucrose is present2 Sprite Black Residue Sucrose is present3 7-UP Black Residue Sucrose is present

4 Mountain Dew Black Residue Sucrose is present

INFERENCE

ALL the brands of cold drink contain sucrose butamount of sucrose varies in each brand each brand ofdrink. 7-UP contain highest amount of sucrose.

RESULT After conducting several tests, it was concluded that thedifferent brands of Cold drinks namely:-

1. Coca Cola

2. Sprite

3. Fanta

All contains glucose, alcohol, sucrose, phosphate, andcarbon dioxide. All Cold drinks are acidic in nature. Oncomparing the pH value of different brands Coca Cola


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is the most acidic and Fanta is least acidic of all thethree brands taken.

CARBON DIOXIDE

Among the four samples of Cold drinks taken, Spritehas the maximum amount of dissolved carbon dioxideand Fanta has the minimum amount of dissolvedcarbon dioxide.

CONCLUSIONDis-Advantages of Cold Drinks

1. Soft drinks are little more harmful than sugar solution. As

they contain sugar in large amount which causesproblems in diabetes patients.

2. Soft drinks can cause weight gain as they interface withthe bodys natural ability to dissolve the calcium so theyare also harmful for our bones.

3. Soft drinks have the ability to dissolve the calcium so theyare harmful for our bones.

4. Soft drinks contain phosphoric acid which has a pH of 2.8so they can dissolve a nail in four days.


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5. Soft drinks have also ability to remove blood so they arevery harmful to our body.

Uses of Cold Drinks

Cold drinks can be used as toilet cleaners. They can remove rust spot from chrome car bumper. They clean corrosions from car battery terminals . Soft drinks are used as an excellent detergent to remove

grease from clothes. They can loose rusted bolts.

chem pro. ( amit)

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