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8/18/2019 Curso ST-PROG2.pdf

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ST-PROG2PROGRAMACIÓN DE PLCs CON SIMATIC STEP7

NIVEL AVANZADO

Contenido del cuso

! INTROD"CCIÓN AL LENG"A#E DE PROGRAMACIÓN STEP71.1 FORMAS DE REPRESENTAR UN PROGRAMA EN STEP71.2 OPERANDOS1.3 ESTRUCTURA DEL PROGRAMA1.4 FORMAS DE PROGRAMACIÓN

2 PROCESAMIENTO DE VALORES ANALÓGICOS2.1 TARJETA DE ENTRADA ANALÓGICA2.2 CONFIGURACIÓN CON EL ADMINISTRADOR SIMATIC2.3 TARJETA DE SALIDA ANALÓGICA2.4 PROGRAMACIÓN DE MÓDULOS ANALÓGICOS

$ OPERACIONES LÓGICAS CON PALA%RAS

3.1 DESCRIPCIÓN3.2 Y - LÓGICAS CON PALABRAS3.3 O - LÓGICA CON PALABRAS3.4 O-EXCLUSIVA CON PALABRAS3.5 Y LÓGICA CON DOBLES PALABRAS3.! O LÓGICA CON DOBLES PALABRAS3.7 O-EXCLUSIVA CON DOBLES PALABRAS

& OPERACIONES ARITM'TICAS CON ENTEROS

( OPERACIONES ARITM'TICAS EN COMA )LOTANTE

* OPERACIONES DE DESPLAZAMIENTO + ROTACIÓN

7 OPERACIONES DE SALTO

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".2 PRINCIPALES OB%

. COM"NICACIÓN MEDIANTE DATOS GLO%ALES

&.1SINOPSIS&.2 DETERMINAR LA CAPACIDAD DE COMUNICACIÓN&.3 CONDICIONES DE EMISOR Y RECEPTOR&.4 CONFIGURAR Y GUARDAR LA COMUNICACIÓN

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INTROD"CCIÓN AL LENG"A#E DE PROGRAMACIÓNSTEP 7

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!/! )ORMAS DE REPRESENTAR "N PROGRAMA EN STEP 7

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1.4.1 Programación lineal

E%( $/ ( (%0))0, (% )%, ),* %( $(*(* ,0(,% %$/'(% (

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Fig. 1-, F&ncionamiento de los mód&los f&ncionales

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PROCESAMIENTO DE VALORES ANALÓGICOS

2/! TAR#ETAS DE ENTRADA ANALÓGICA

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Fig 2-1 Componentes del ! $$1

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Fig 2-2 daptadores de medida con a)&ste de f/brica '3 tensión4

Tabla 2-1 Posiciones de los adaptadores de margen de medida

2.1.3 "one'ión de transductores de corriente

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Fig 2-$ Cone5ión de transd&ctor de dos 624 7ilos

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Fig 2-( Cone5ión de transd&ctor de c&atro 6(4 7ilos

2.1.4 "one'ión de transductores de olta%e

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S$ ,; $6(0(*$, ( /(*$,' (*0( '% (0(% (' ,>'(< (**(%/)(( $0)',0 00$(*( /0 ', /,*,'', )( /(0)0>( ',% %(,'(% ,*,'+$,%. E*,' ,% ', /,*,'', %' (>(09 /*(0%( , $(00, (* )* (0( %( (*(09 )*,>'( ()$/(*$,' ,(),,(*( $(*%$*,.

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Fig 2-+ Cone5ión de transd&ctor de 0olta)e

S$ (' SM331 %( ,/'$, (* (*0*% * 6)(0(% /(0)0>,$*(%('(0,+*$,%< (**(% *$(*( )*$0 M- * M0n0. D( (%, 60, ',$6(0(*$, ( /(*$,' (*0( ',% (*0,,% ; (' /(*$,' ( 0(6(0(*$, M0n0 *%)/(0, (' ,'0 /(0$$.

2.1. "one'ión de termorresistencias (pt1)

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*($* , 3 $'%• *($* , 2 $'%

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Fig 2-, Cone5ión de termorresistencia de c&atro 6(4 7ilos

Te6oesistenci0 de $ FilosE* ', *($* , 3 $'% ( )*, (000(%$%(*$, (% *((%,0$ ',0

/0 0(+', +(*(0,' )* /)(*( (*0( M- ( I-. A' *(,0 ,(*(0 , )( '% ,>'(%I ; M %( *((* $0(,(*( (* ', (000(%$%(*$,.

Fig 2-# Cone5ión de termorresistencia de tres 6$4 7ilos

Te6oesistenci0 de 2 FilosE* ,% ( *($* , 2 $'% (% *((%,0$ /*(0 )* /)(*( (*0( '%>0*(% M ( I (' *(0 60*,' (' )' ; 0 /)(*( (*0( '% >0*(%M- ( I-.

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Fig 2- Cone5ión de termorresistencia de dos 624 7ilos

2.1.# "one'ión de termopares

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Tabla 2-2 plicación de &na &nión fr8a e5terna e interna

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Te6o40es con uniBn 0 inten0E' (%)(, )(%0, (' )' ,*,'+$ SM331 * *($* (

(0/,0(% , 0,% ( ,>'( ( /(*%,$* ; )*$* 60:, $*(0*,.

Fig 2-9 plicación de la &nión fr8a interna

E' ,>'( ( *($* (>( %(0 %$(/0( (' $% ,(0$,' ,'(,$*)( (' /0/$ (0/,0. A )* +0)/ ( ,*,'(% %' /)((* *(,0%((0/,0(% (' $% $/.

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/(*%,$*• )*, )*$* 60:, ((0*,

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Fig 2-16 Termopar con &nión fr8a e5terna

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2.1.$ *epresentación de alores analógicos

2.1.#.1 Con0ersión de 0alores analógicos

L, CPU %' /)(( /0(%,0 '% ,'0(% ,*,'+$% (* 60, >$*,0$,.L% )'% ( (*0,,% ,*,'+$,% *$(0(* )*, %(,' (' /0(%,*,'+$, (* )*, %(,' $+$,'. L% )'% ( %,'$,% ,*,'+$,% *$(0(*)* ,'0 ( %,'$, $+$,' (* )*, %(,' ,*,'+$,.

2.1.#.2 Representación de 0alores analógicos con resol&ción de 1, bits

U* ,'0 ,*,'+$ $+$,'$8, ( )* $% ,0+(* *$*,' (% $*$,* %$ %( 0,, ( )* ,'0 ( (*0,, ( %,'$,. L% ,'0(% ,*,'+$%

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2.1.#.$ Resol&ción inferior a 1, bits

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E* (' ((/' ,*(0$0 %( )(%0, (%9* 0(''(*,,% * H@ ',%

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2.1.+ *epresentación ,inaria de los m-rgenes de entrada

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Tabla 2-$ /rgenes de entrada bipolares

Tabla 2-( /rgenes de entrada &nipolares

2.1. E%emplos de representación de alores analógicos

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Tabla 2-+ /rgenes de medición de tensión :16; a :1;

Tabla 2-, /rgenes de medición de tensión 1 a +; y 6 a 16;

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Tabla 2-# /rgenes de medición de


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Tabla 2-9 Representación de 0alores para Termoelemento tipo =

Tabla 2-16 Representación de 0alores para Termoelemento tipo K

2/2CON)IG"RACIÓN CON EL ADMINISTRADOR SIMATIC

E' ,%$%(*( STEP7 0( )* /0;( S7 >,%(. P,0, +(*(0,0 '% ,%( %$%(, /,0, ', CPU %( 0()$(0( ,:, )*, *6$+)0,$* /'(, (',0?,0(.

2.2.1 "rear con/iguración del 0ardare

L, *6$+)0,$* (' ,0?,0( (' %$%(, (' ((/' %( 0(, *

,;), (' A$*$%0,0 SIMATIC. P,0, (''< ,+, '$ (* ', (*,*, $8)$(0,

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%>0( ', ,0/(, .E)$/ SIMATIC 3@@. ; $*$$( (* ', (0(, ', *6$+)0,$*(' ,0?,0( ,$(* >'( '$ (* ', ,0/(, H,0?,0(.

2.2.2 &adir módulo analógico

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2.2.3 Parametrización del módulo de entrada analógica

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Tabla 2-11 F&ncionalidades del sistema del e)emplo

Ll060d0 de l0 4006eti0ciBnP,0,(0$8,0 ' %$+)$(*(

• A',0, ( $,+*%$ CON• A',0, ( /0(% CON•

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• D$%/,0,0 ( ,',0, ( /0(%o L:$( %)/(0$0 1" Ao L:$( $*6(0$0 ! A

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Ti4o de 6ediciBnTM20( '% ,'0(% ($%< /,0$)',0(*( (* ,% ( 90+(*(% ((*%$* /()(% ; %$ %( )%,* (0/,0(%. C* (%( /,09(0 %( (6$*( ',60()(*$, ( 0( ($%(*( (* %) %$%(,.

E%( /,09(0 $(*( ,>$* (6( %>0( ', 0(%')$*< (' $(/ ($*(+0,$* ; (' $(/ >,%( ( (()$* (' +0)/ ( ,*,'(%.

ResoluciBn 14ecisiBn3E' ,'0 ,*,'+$ %( (0$8, (* )*, /,',>0, ( 1! >$%.

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Tie64o de inte@0ciBnE' )' 0()$(0( )* $(0 $(/ /,0, ($0 ', %(,' ,*,'+$,. E%(

$(/ %( (*$*, $(/ ( $*(+0,$*. C),* ,;0 %(, ', /0($%$*

0()(0$, 9% ,0,09 (' )' (* ($0 ', %(,'.

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$(/ /,0, %) $+$,'$8,$*.

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2/$TAR#ETAS DE SALIDA ANALÓGICA

L,% ,0(,% ( %,'$, ,*,'+$, %( (*,0+,* ( 0,*%60,0 (*(*%$*(% 00$(*(% '% ,'0(% $+$,'(% /0(%,% (* ', CPU. E$%(*$(0%,% ,0(,% * %(/,0,$* +,'9*$, )( )>0(* ((0$*,% 90+(*(%( (*%$*(% ( $*(*%$,(%.

2.3.1 ipos de tar%etas de salida

E* '% )'% ( %,'$,% ,*,'+$,% * %(/,0,$* +,'9*$,< (' /)*

( 0(6(0(*$, (' $0)$ ( ($$* M ANA * (%9 )*$ +,'9*$,(*( ,'>0*( M ( ', CPU.

L% )'% ( (*0,,% ,*,'+$,% * %(/,0,$* +,'9*$, %' %()$'$8,09* ),* /)(, ,/,0((0 )*, $6(0(*$, ( /(*$,' UISO (*0( ('/)* ( 0(6(0(*$, (' $0)$ ( ($$* M ANA ; (' >0*( M ( ', CPU.C*(,* )* ,>'( ()$/(*$,' (*0( (' >0*( M ANA ; (' >0*( M ( ',CPU< %( +,0,*$8, )( UISO * 0(>,%( (' ,'0 ,$%$>'(.

E* (' ,% ( )'% ( %,'$,% ,*,'+$,% %$* %(/,0,$* +,'9*$,(% /0($% 0(,0 )* (*',( (*0( (' /)* ( 0(6(0(*$, (' $0)$ ,*,'+$M ANA ; (' >0*( M ( ', CPU.

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P,0, (''< )*$0 (' >0*( M ANA ,' >0*( M ( ', CPU. U*, $6(0(*$, (/(*$,' (*0( M ANA ; (' >0*( M ( ', CPU /)(( %(0 (' 0$+(* ( )*,6,'%$6$,$* ( ', %(,' ,*,'+$,.

2.3.2 "one'ión de cargas a una salida de tensión

L, *($* ( ,0+,% , )*, %,'$, ( (*%$* (% (* /0$*$/$ 0(,'$8,>'((* *($* , 4 $'% ; , 2 $'%. S$* (>,0+< (%% % $/% ( *($* *%* /%$>'(% (* ,, )' ( %,'$,% ,*,'+$,%.

ConeJiBn 0 & Filos de c0@0s en un 6Bdulo con se400ciBn@0l5nic0E%( $/ ( *($* /(0$( >(*(0 )*, ,', /0($%$* (* ', ,0+,. A

,' (6(< '% *)0(% ( %(*%0 S ; S (>(* *(,0%( $0(,(*( ,', ,0+,. E% /(0$( ($0 ; 0(+)',0 ', (*%$* $0(,(*( (* ', ,0+,.

L,% /(0)0>,$*(% ,:,% ( (*%$* /)((* /0,0 $6(0(*$,% (/(*$,' (*0( (' *)0 ( %(*%0 S ; (' $0)$ ( 0(6(0(*$, ,*,'+$,MANA. D$, $6(0(*$, ( /(*$,' * (>(09 0(>,%,0 )* ,'0 ,$%$>'(< ;,)( ('' 0(/(0)$0:, (* ', /0($%$* ( ', %(,' ,*,'+$,.

Fig 2-11 Cone5ión a ( 7ilos con separación gal0/nica

ConeJiBn 0 2 Filos de c0@0s en un 6Bdulo sin se400ciBn@0l5nic0E* ', *($* , 2 $'% /)((* (,0%( ,>$(0% '% >0*(% S ; S. L,

/0($%$* >(*$, * (%( $/ ( *($* (% $*6(0$0 , ', '+0,, * )*,*($* , 4 $'%. A): %( *(, ', ,0+, , '% >0*(% #V ; ,' /)* (0(6(0(*$, (' $0)$ ( ($$* M ANA.

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Fig 2-12 Cone5ión a 2 7ilos sin separación gal0/nica

2.3.3 "one'ión de cargas a una salida de intensidad

A): (>(* *(,0%( ',% ,0+,% ,' >0*( #I ; ,' /)* ( 0(6(0(*$,(' $0)$ ,*,'+$ M ANA ( )*, %,'$, ( $*(*%$,.

Fig 2-1$ Cone5ión a salida de intensidad con separación gal0/nica

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Fig 2-1( Cone5ión a salida de intensidad sin separación gal0/nica

2.3.4 *epresentación ,inaria de los m-rgenes de salida

E* ',% %$+)$(*(% ,>',% %( (6$*(* '% 90+(*(% ( %,'$,0(/0(%(*,% ($,*( /'((*% ( 2

Tabla 2-12 /rgenes de salida bipolares

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Tabla 2-1$ /rgenes de salida &nipolares

2.3. E%emplos de representación de alores analógicos

Tabla 2-1( /rgenes de salida 6 a 16; y 1 a +;

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Tabla 2-1+ /rgenes de salida 6 a 26m y ( a 26m

2.3.# Parametrización del módulo de salida analógica

L% )'% ( %,'$,% ,*,'+$,% )$'$8,*< %(+K* %)% 6)*$*(%< )*%)>*)* ( '% /,09(0% ; 90+(*(% (%/($6$,% (* ', ,>', %$+)$(*(.E%% ,)%(% /0 (6( %* 9'$% %$ U. * (6(K, ', /,0,(0$8,$*($,*( STEP 7.

Tabla 2-1, Par/metros de los mód&los de salidas analógicas

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2/&PROGRAMACIÓN DE MÓD"LOS ANALÓGICOS

S( /0(* '% >')(% )C !8( HSCALE +0,),0 ,'0(% ; )C !8*

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2.4.1 eer 5 normalizar un alor analógico 6 !" 1

2.(.1.1 %escripción del FC 16+

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2.(.1.2 Par/metros de la f&nción FC 16+

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ENO S,'$, BOOL E< A< M< D< L L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,$*$(*( (' (%, ( %(,'1 %$ ', 6)*$* %(((), %$* (000(%.

IN E*0,, INT E< A< M< D< L<P< *%,*(

V,'0 ( (*0,, ,*(0$0 , (%,', (*,'0 REAL.

I[LIM E*0,, REAL E< A< M< D< L<P< *%,*(

L:$( %)/(0$0 ('0,*+ (%,',0.

LO[LIM E*0,, REAL E< A< M< D< L<P< *%,*(

L:$( $*6(0$0 (' 0,*+(%,',0.

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Tabla 2-1# Par/metros de la f&nción FC 16+

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,$,,. E* (%( ((/'< (' ,'0 (*(0 22 %( *$(0( (* )* ,'0 REAL(%,',0 (*0( @.@ ; 1@@.@< ; %( %( (%0$>( (* ', %,'$, OUT. E' ,'0 ((*0,, (% BIPOLAR< ,' ' $*$, (' (%, ( %(,' ( ', (*0,, E2.@.

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2.4.2 7acar un alor analógico 6 !" 1#

2.(.2.1 %escripción del FC 16+

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• %IPOLAR S( %)/*( )( (' ,'0 (*(0 ( %,'$, (>( (%,0 (*0(-27!4" ; 27!4"< /0 ' ,*<

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• "NIPOLAR S( %)/*( )( (' ,'0 (*(0 ( %,'$, (>( (%,0 (*0(@ ; 27!4"< /0 ' ,*<

1 @.@ ; 2 27!4".@

S$ (' ,'0 0(,' ( (*0,, )(, 6)(0, (' 0,*+ /0(*$ (*0( '%':$(% $*6(0$0 ; %)/(0$0 ( %) $/ BIPOLAR UNIPOLAR< ', %,'$, OUT%( 6$, ,' ,'0 ':$( 9% (0,* , LO[LIM , I[LIM< ; %( ()('( )*(000.

2.(.2.2 Par/metros de la f&nción FC 16,

P056eto Decl00ciBn Ti4o ded0tos

Ae0 de6e6oi0

Desci4ciBn

EN E*0,, BOOL E< A< M< D< L L, (*0,, (,>$'$,$* * (%,( %(,' 1 ,$, ('),0.

ENO S,'$, BOOL E< A< M< D< L L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,$*$(*( (' (%, ( %(,'1 %$ ', 6)*$* %(

((), %$* (000(%.IN E*0,, REAL E< A< M< D< L<P< *%,*(

V,'0 ( (*0,, ,(%(%,',0*$0$*' (* )*,'0 (*(0.

I[LIM E*0,, REAL E< A< M< D< L<P< *%,*(

L:$( %)/(0$0 ('0,*+ (%,',0.

LO[LIM E*0,, REAL E< A< M< D< L<P< *%,*(

L:$( $*6(0$0 (' 0,*+(%,',0.

BIPOLAR E*0,, BOOL E< A< M< D< L E' (%, ( %(,' 1$*$, )( (' ,'0 (

(*0,, (% >$/',0Q *(' (%, ( %(,' @$*$, )( (% )*$/',0.

OUT S,'$, INT E< A< M< D< L< P R(%)', ('(%(%,',.

RET[VAL S,'$, ORD E< A< M< D< L< P D, (' ,'0 1!@@@@),* ', 6)*$* %(((), %$* (000(%Q %$'% ,'0(% %* $%$*%( 1!@@@@< ,%(', $*60,$* %>0(

(000(%.

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2.(.2.$ $'$,$* ENO %( /*( , @< ; (','0 ( 0(%/)(%, RET[VAL , (' ,'0 1!@@@".

2.(.2.( ")emplo

L, 6$+)0, )(%0, /(0, ', 6)*$* D(%(%,',0 ,'0(%UNSCALE. L, 6)*$* %( ((), ),* (' (%, ( %(,' ( ', (*0,, E@.@ (% 1 ,$,,. E* (%( ((/'< (' ,'0 REAL 5@.@3&7"5""< (%,',(*0( @.@ ; 1@@.@ %( *$(0( (* )* ,'0 INTEGER< ; %( %( (%0$>( (* ',%,'$, OUT. E' ,'0 ( (*0,, (% BIPOLAR< ,' ' $*$, (' (%, (%(,' ( ', (*0,, E2.@.

S$ ', 6)*$* %( ((), %$* (000(%< '% (%,% ( %(,' ( ', %,'$, (,>$'$,$* ENO ; ( ', %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*(* , 1 ,$,,%< ; (' ,'0 (0(%/)(%, RET[VAL , (' ,'0 1!@@@@.

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ST PROG2 Nro # 41


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OPERACIONES LÓGICAS CON PALA%RAS

$/! DESCRIPCIÓN

L,% /(0,$*(% '+$,% * /,',>0,% /,0,* >$ , >$ /,0(% (/,',>0,% 1! >$% ; /,',>0,% >'(% 32 >$% %(+K* ', '+$, ( >'(. L,%/(0,$*(% '+$,% * >$% /(0$(* ((),0 ',% 9% $(0%,% 6)*$*(%.

S$ (' 0(%)', (* ', %,'$, OUT (% $6(0(*( ( @< (' >$ A1 ( ', /,',>0,( (%, %( /*( , 1.

S$ (' 0(%)', (* ', %,'$, OUT (% $+),' , @< (' >$ A1 ( ', /,',>0, ((%, %( /*( , @.

S( $%/*( ( ',% %$+)$(*(% /(0,$*(% '+$,% * /,',>0,%

P0l00 de est0doE% )* 0(+$%0 ( ', (0$, ( ', CPU )( *$(*( 1! >$% )(

/)((* $0($*,0%( (* (' /(0,* ( ',% /(0,$*(% '+$,% * >$% ; */,',>0,%. S' *% %(09* ( )$'$, '% & /0$(0% >$%< (%,* 0(%(0,% (')% ( '% 7 K'$%. A *$*),$* /,%,0(% , (%0$>$0 ,, >$

• BIT @ ER @ $*$, )( ', %$+)$(*( ':*(, %( ((), *)(,*%)', $*$>$,. E* (%( (%, ', *%)', %( ,',(*,$0(,(*( (* RLO.

• BIT 1 RLO 0(%)', '+$. A): %( 0(,'$8,* ',% /(0,$*(% , *$('( >$ AND< OR< (..

• BIT 2 STA >$ ( (%,. S' %$0( (* (' (% ( /0+0,,.• BIT 3 OR %( 0()$(0( /,0, (' /0(% + (',*( ( O. E%( >$

$*$, )( )*, /(0,$* Y , , ,'0 1< (* ',% 0(%,*(%/(0,$*(% (% @.

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• BIT 4 OV >$ ( (%>0,$(*. S( ,$, 1 /0 )*, /(0,$*,0$$, ( /,0,$* ( , 6',*( 0,% /0)$0%( )* (000(%>0,$(*< /(0,$* * ,$%$>'(< 0(',$* $*00(,.

• BIT 5 OS >$ ( (%>0,$(* (0$8,. S( ,$, )* *OV ( $*$, )( /0($,(*( %( , /0)$ )* (000. S' /)((,>$,0 , (0 * ', $*%0)$* ( %,'< )*, /(0,$* ( '',,,, )'< /0)( %( , ,',*8, (' 6$* (' )'.

• BITS ! A8 ; 7 A! $+% ( *$$*. D,* $*60,$* %>0( '%0(%)',% >$% %$+)$(*(%− 0(%)', ( )*, /(0,$* ,0$$,.− 0(%)', ( )*, /,0,$*.− 0(%)', ( )*, /(0,$* $+$,'.− >$% (%/',8,% /0 )*, $*%0)$* ( (%/',8,$(*

0,$*.• BIT " R% 0(%)', >$*,0$. P(0$( $*(0/0(,0 (' 0(%)', ( )*,

/(0,$* ( /,',>0,% 0(%)', >$*,0$ ( $*(+0,0' (* ',,(*, ( >$*,$*(% '+$,% >$*,0$,%.

$/2ANDK + LÓGICA CON PALA%RAS

3.2.1 78m,olo

3.2.2 Descripción

ANDK Y '+$, * /,',>0,% %( ,$, ),* ', (*0,, (,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E%, /(0,$* >$*,(**(% '% % ,'0(% ( /,',>0, ( IN1 ; IN2 >$ , >$ 0(,'$8,* )*, Y'+$,. L% ,'0(% %( $*(0/0(,* /)0,% *6$+)0,$*(% >$*,0$,%. E'0(%)', )(, (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,$* ENO

$(*( (' $% (%, ( %(,' )( EN.

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3.2.3 Pala,ra de estado

3.2.4 E%emplo

L, /(0,$* %( ((), %$ E @.@ (% 1. S' %* 0('(,*(% '% >$% ( @ , 3 (M@Q '% (9% >$% %* (*,%,0,% /0 ', *6$+)0,$* >$*,0$, ( ',/,',>0, (* IN2

A 4.@ %(09 1 %$ %( ((), ', /(0,$*.

$/$ORK O LÓGICA CON PALA%RAS

3.3.1 78m,olo

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3.3.2 Descripción

ORK O '+$, * /,',>0,% %( ,$, ),* ', (*0,, (,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E%, /(0,$* >$*, '% %,'0(% ( ',% /,',>0,% IN1 ; IN2 >$ , >$ 0(,'$8,* )*, O '+$,. L% ,'0(%%( $*(0/0(,* /)0,% *6$+)0,$*(% >$*,0$,%. E' 0(%)', )(,(/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,,$* ENO $(*( (' $%(%, ( %(,' )( EN.


3.3.4 E%emplo

L, /(0,$* %( ((), %$ E @.@ (% 1. L% >$% @ , 3 %( /*(* , 1< '% (9%>$% ( M@ * ,0:,*.

A 4.@ %(09 1 %$ %( ((), ', /(0,$*.

$/&ORK O-ECL"SIVA CON PALA%RAS

3.4.1 78m,olo

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3.4.2 Descripción

ORK O (')%$, * /,',>0,% %( ,$, ),* ', (*0,, (,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E%, /(0,$* '+$, >$*,'% % ,'0(% ( ',% /,',>0, IN1 ; IN2 >$ , >$ 0(,'$8,* )*, O (')%$,.

L% ,'0(% %( $*(0/0(,* /)0,% *6$+)0,$*(% >$*,0$,%. E' 0(%)',)(, (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,,$* ENO $(*( ('$% (%, ( %(,' )( EN.

3.4.3 E%emplo

L, /(0,$* %( ((), %$ E @.@ (% 1

A 4.@ %(09 1 %$ %( ((), ', /(0,$*.

$/( ANDKD + LÓGICA CON DO%LES PALA%RAS

3..1 78m,olo

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3..2 Descripción

ANDKD Y '+$, * >'(% /,',>0,% %( ,$, ),* ', (*0,,( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E%, /(0,$* >$*, '%% ,'0(% ( ',% >'(% /,',>0,% IN1 ; IN2 >$ , >$ 0(,'$8,* )*, Y '+$,.

L% ,'0(% %( $*(0/0(,* /)0,% *6$+)0,$*(% >$*,0$,%. E' 0(%)',)(, (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,$* ENO $(*( ('$% (%, ( %(,' )( EN.

3..3 Pala,ra de estado

3..4 E%emplo

L, /(0,$* %( ((), %$ E @.@ (% 1. S' %* 0('(,*(% '% >$% @ ; 11 (MD@< '% (9% >$% %* (*,%,0,% /0 ', *6$+)0,$* >$*,0$, ( IN2

A 4.@ %(09 1 %$ %( ((), ', /(0,$*.

$/* ORDKD O LÓGICA CON DO%LES PALA%RAS

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3.#.1 78m,olo

3.#.2 Descripción

ORKD O '+$, * >'(% /,',>0,% %( ,$, ),* ', (*0,,( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E%, /(0,$* >$*, '%% ,'0(% ( ',% >'(% /,',>0,% IN1 ; IN2 >$ , >$ 0(,'$8,* )*, O '+$,.L% ,'0(% %( $*(0/0(,* /)0,% *6$+)0,$*(% >$*,0$,%. E' 0(%)',)(, (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, %,'$, ( ,>$'$,,$* ENO $(*( ('

$% (%, ( %(,' )( EN.

3.#.3 Pala,ra de estado

3.#.4 E%emplo

L, /(0,$* %( ((), %$ E @.@ (% 1. L% >$% ( @ , 11 %( /*(* , 1. L%(9% >$% ( M * ,>$,*

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A 4.@ %(09 1 %$ %( ((), ', /(0,$*.

$/7ORKD O-ECL"SIVA CON DO%LES PALA%RAS

3.$.1 78m,olo

3.$.2 Descripción

ORKD O (')%$, * >'(% /,',>0,% %( ,$, ),* ',(*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E%, /(0,$* '+$,>$*, '% % ,'0(% ( ',% >'(% /,',>0,% IN1 ; IN2 >$ , >$ 0(,'$8,*)*, O (')%$,. L% ,'0(% %( $*(0/0(,* /)0,% *6$+)0,$*(%>$*,0$,%. E' 0(%)', )(, (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, %,'$, (

,>$'$,$* ENO $(*( (' $% (%, ( %(,' )( EN.

3.$.3 Pala,ra de estado

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3.$.4 E%emplo

L, /(0,$* %( ((), %$ E @.@ (% 1

A 4.@ %(09 1 %$ %( ((), ', /(0,$*.

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OPERACIONES ARITM'TICAS CON ENTEROS

&/! DESCRIPCIÓN

L,% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% * (*(0% %$0(* /,0, ((),0 ',%%$+)$(*(% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% * % (*(0% 1! ; 32 >$%

&/2EVAL"AR %ITs DE LA PALA%RA DE ESTADO

4.2.1 Descripción

L,% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% >9%$,% $*6');(* %>0( '% %$+)$(*(% >$% (', /,',>0, ( ,%

• A1 ; A@• OV

• OS

L,% ,>',% %$+)$(*(% )(%0,* (' (%, ( %(,' ( '% >$% ( ',/,',>0, ( (%, /,0, '% 0(%)',% ( ',% /(0,$*(% * *K(0% (*, 6$, 1! >$< 32 >$.

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] E' >$ OS * %( ( $*6')$ /0 (' 0(%)', ( ', /(0,$*.

&/$ADDKI S"MAR ENTEROS

4.3.1 78m,olo

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4.3.2 Descripción

ADDKI S),0 (*(0% %), ',% (*0,,% IN1 ; IN2 %$ (' (%, (%(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$, OUT /0/0$*, ('0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, (*(0% (1! >$%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( 0,% /(0,$*(%)( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% ( ENO(()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.


4.3.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 ADD[I %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', %), M@ M2%( (/%$, (* M1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0,(*(0% %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

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&/&S"%KI RESTAR ENTEROS

4.4.1 78m,olo

4.4.2 Descripción

S"%KI R(%,0 (*(0% 0(%, (' ,'0 ( IN2 (' ,'0 ( IN1 %$ (' (%,( %(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$, OUT /0/0$*,(' 0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, (*(0%( 1! >$%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* @ ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( 0,%/(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% (ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.


4.4.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SUB[I %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', %)%0,$* M@ -M2 %( (/%$, (* M1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$/,0, (*(0% ( 1! >$% %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@

%( /*( , 1.

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&/(M"LKI M"LTIPLICAR ENTEROS

4..1 78m,olo

4..2 Descripción

M"LKI M)'$/'$,0 (*(0% )'$/'$, '% ,'0(% ( ',% (*0,,% IN1 ;IN2 %$ (' (%, ( %(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$,OUT /0/0$*, (' 0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(*

9'$ /,0, (*(0% ( 1! >$%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< (60, )( 0,% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,<>$*,,% , 0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.


4..4 E%emplo

E' ),0 MUL[I %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', )'$/'$,$* M@ M2 %( (/%$, (* M1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(*

9'$ /,0, (*(0%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@ %(/*( , 1.

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&/*DIVKI DIVIDIR ENTEROS

4.#.1 78m,olo

4.#.2 Descripción

DIVKI D$$$0 (*(0% $$( (' ,'0 ( IN1 (*0( (' ,'0 ( IN2 %$ ('(%, ( %(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$, OUT/0/0$*, (' 0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$/,0, (*(0%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( 0,%/(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% (ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.

4.#.3 Pala,ra de estado

4.#.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 DIV[I %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', $$%$* ( M@(*0( M2 %( (/%$, (* M1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(*

9'$ /,0, (*(0%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@ %(/*( , 1.

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&/7 ADDKDI S"MAR ENTEROS DO%LES

4.$.1 78m,olo

4.$.2 Descripción

ADDKDI S),0 (*(0% >'(% %), ',% (*0,,% IN1 ; IN2 %$ ('

(%, ( %(,' (* ', %,'$, ( ,>$'$,$* (% 1. L, %,'$, OUT /0/0$*,(' 0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, (*(0%>'(%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( 0,% /(0,$*(%)( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% ( ENO(()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.

4.$.3 Pala,ra de estado

4.$.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 ADD[DI %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', %), MD@ MD4

%( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0,

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(*(0% >'(%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( ,1.

&/,S"%KDI RESTAR ENTEROS DO%LES

4.+.1 78m,olo

4.+.2 Descripción

S"%KDI R(%,0 (*(0% >'(% 0(%, (' ,'0 IN2 (' ,'0 ( IN1 %$ ('(%, ( %(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$, OUT/0/0$*, (' 0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$/,0, (*(0% >'(%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( 0,%/(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% (ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.

4.+.3 Pala,ra de estado

4.+.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SUB[DI %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', %)%0,$* MD@ -MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$

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/,0, (*(0% >'(%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@ %(/*( , 1.

4.&M"LKDI M"LTIPLICAR ENTEROS DO%LES

4..1 78m,olo

4..2 Descripción

M"LKDI M)'$/'$,0 (*(0% >'(% )'$/'$, '% ,'0(% ( ',%(*0,,% IN1 ; IN2 %$ (' (%, ( %(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* (% 1. L,%,'$, OUT /0/0$*, (' 0(%)',. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (',0+(* 9'$ /,0, (*(0% >'(%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< (60, )( 0,% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,<>$*,,% , 0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.


4..4 E%emplo

E' ),0 MUL[DI %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', )'$/'$,$* MD@ MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(*

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9'$ /,0, (*(0% >'(%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@%( /*( , 1.

4.1@DIVKDI DIVIDIR ENTEROS DO%LES

4.1.1 78m,olo

4.1.2 Descripción

DIVKDI D$$$0 (*(0% >'(% $$( (' ,'0 ( IN1 (*0( (' ,'0 (IN2 %$ (' (%, ( %(,' (* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$,OUT /0/0$*, (' 0(%)', /,0( (*(0,. E' ('((* D$$$0 (*(0% >'(%* +(*(0, *$*+K* 0(% ( $$%$*. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(*9'$ /,0, (*(0% >'(%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60,)( 0,% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% ,0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.


4.1.4 E%emplo

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E' ),0 DIV[DI %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', $$%$* ( MD@ /0MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$/,0, (*(0% >'(%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ', %,'$, A 4.@ %(

/*( , 1.4.11MODKDI O%TENER EL RES"LTADO DE "NA DIVISÓN DE

ENTEROS DO%LES

4.11.1 78m,olo

4.11.2 Descripción

MODKDI O>(*(0 (' 0(% ( )*, $$%$* ( (*(0% >'(% $$( (','0 ( IN1 (*0( (' ,'0 ( IN2 %$ (' (%, ( %(,' (* ', (*0,, (,>$'$,$* EN (% 1. L, %,'$, OUT /0/0$*, (' 0(%)',< (% (%< ('0(% ( ', $$%$*. S$ (' 0(%)', (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0,(*(0% >'(%< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( 0,%/(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% (ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.


4.11.4 E%emplo

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E' ),0 DIV[DI %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(% ( ', $$%$* ( MD@ (*0(MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(% ( ', $$%$* (% )* ,'0 6)(0, (',0+(* 9'$ /,0, (*(0% >'(%< %$ (' (%, ( %(,' ( E @.@ (% @< ',%,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

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OPERACIONES ARITM'TICAS EN COMA )LOTANTE

(/! LISTA DE OPERACIONES

.1.1 Descripción

L% *K(0% ( 32 >$% IEEE (* , 6',*( /(0(*((* ,' $/ (,% (*$*, REAL. L,% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% * *K(0% (* ,6',*( %$0(* /,0, ((),0 ',% %$+)$(*(% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% * %*K(0% (* , 6',*( IEEE ( 32 >$%

C* ',% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% ( *K(0% (* , 6',*( %(/)((* ((),0 ',% %$+)$(*(% 6)*$*(% * )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( 32>$< IEEE-FP

(/2EVAL"AR LOS %ITs DE LA PALA%RA DE ESTADO

.2.1 Descripción

L,% /(0,$*(% ,0$$,% >9%$,% ,6(,* , '% %$+)$(*(% >$% ( ',/,',>0, ( (%,

• A1 ; A@• OV

• OS

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L,% ,>',% %$+)$(*(% )(%0,* (' (%, ( %(,' ( '% >$% ( ',/,',>0, ( (%, /,0, '% 0(%)',% ( /(0,$*(% * *K(0% (* ,6',*( 32 >$%.

(/$ADDKR S"MAR NMEROS EN COMA )LOTANTE

.3.1 78m,olo

.3.2 Pala,ra de estado

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.3.3 Descripción

ADDKR S),0 *K(0% (* , 6',*( %), '% ,'0(% ( ',%

(*0,,% IN1 ; IN2 ),* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, (%(,' 1. E' 0(%)', %( (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. S$ (' 0(%)', %((*)(*0, 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*((%>0,$(* /%$$ *(+,$< (' >$ OV ; (' >$ OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @<( 60, )( ',% (9% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,<>$*,,% , 0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.

.3.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 ADD[R %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', %), MD@ MD4%( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', %( (*)(*0, 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$/,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*(< %$ * %( ((), (%, $*%0)$* E @.@ @<%( ,$, ', %,'$, A 4.@.

(/&S"%KR RESTAR NMEROS EN COMA )LOTANTE

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.4.3 Descripción

S"%KR R(%,0 *K(0% (* , 6',*( 0(%, '% ,'0(% IN2 ( IN1

),* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. E' 0(%)',( ', %)%0,$* %( (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. S$ (' 0(%)', %( (*)(*0,6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*( (%>0,$(*/%$$ *(+,$< '% >$% OV ; OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( ',%(9% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% ,0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.

.4.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SUB[R %( ,$, ),* E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', %)%0,$*MD@ - MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', %( (*)(*0, 6)(0, (',0+(* 9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*(< %$ * %( ((), (%,$*%0)$* E @.@ @< %( ,$,09 ', %,'$, A 4.@.

(/(M"LKR M"LTIPLICAR NMEROS EN COMA )LOTANTE

..1 78m,olo

..2 Pala,ra de estado

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..3 Descripción

M"LKR M)'$/'$,0 *K(0% (* , 6',*( )'$/'$, (' ,'0 ( IN1

/0 (' ,'0 ( IN2 ),* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, (%(,' 1. E' 0(%)', %( (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. S$ (' 0(%)', %((*)(*0, 6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*((%>0,$(* /%$$ *(+,$< (' >$ OV ; (' >$ OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @<( 60, )( ',% (9% /(0,$*(% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$*,0$$,< >$*,,% , 0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %(((),*.

..4 E%emplo

E' ),0 MUL[R %( ,$, ),* E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', )'$/'$,$*MD@ MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD@. S$ (' 0(%)', %( (*)(*0, 6)(0, (' ,0+(*9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*(< %$ * %( ((), (%, $*%0)$* E @.@ @< %( ,$,09 ', %,'$, A 4.@.

(/*DIVKR DIVIDIR NMEROS EN COMA )LOTANTE

.#.1 78m,olo

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.#.2 Pala,ra de estado

.#.3 Descripción

DIVKR D$$$0 *K(0% (* , 6',*( $$( (' ,'0 ( IN1 (*0( (','0 ( IN2 ),* ', (*0,, ( ,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,'1. E' 0(%)', %( (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. S$ (' 0(%)', %( (*)(*0,6)(0, (' ,0+(* 9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*( (%>0,$(*/%$$ *(+,$< (' >$ OV ; (' >$ OS %* 1 ; ENO (% @< ( 60, )( ',%(9% /(0,$*(% )( %$+)(* , (%, /(0,$* ,0$$,< >$*,,% ,

0,% ( ENO (()$* (* ,%,,< * %( ((),*.

.#.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 DIV[R %( ,$, ),* E @.@ (% 1. E' 0(%)', ( ', $$%$* (MD@ (*0( MD4 %( (/%$, (* MD1@. S$ (' 0(%)', %( (*)(*0, 6)(0, (',0+(* 9'$ /,0, *K(0% (* , 6',*(< %$ * %( ((), (%,$*%0)$* E @.@ @< %( ,$,09 ', %,'$, A 4.@.

(/7A%S CALC"LAR EL VALOR A%SOL"TO

.$.1 78m,olo

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.$.2 Pala,ra de estado

.$.3 Descripción

A%S C,')',0 (' ,'0 ,>%') ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')',(' ,'0 ,>%') ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(.

.$.4 E%emplo

S$ E @.@ 1 %( ,')', (' ,'0 ,>%') ( MD" ; (' 0(%)', %( (%0$>( (*MD12. D( MD" ! ', *(0%$* ENO EN @.

(/,SR CALC"LAR EL C"ADRADO

.+.1 78m,olo

.+.2 Pala,ra de estado

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.+.3 Descripción

SR C,')',0 (' ),0, ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')', ('

),0, ( )* *K(0 6',*(.

(/. SRT CALC"LAR LA RAZ C"ADRADA

..1 78m,olo

..2 Pala,ra de estado

..3 Descripción

SRT C,')',0 ', 0,:8 ),0,, ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')',', 0,:8 ),0,, ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(. E%, /(0,$* ,00, )*0(%)', /%$$ %$ (' /(0,* (% ,;0 )( @. `*$, ((/$* ', 0,:8),0,, ( -@ (% -@.

(/!8EP CALC"LAR EL EPONENTE

.1.1 78m,olo

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.1.3 Descripción

EP C,')',0 (' (/*(*( ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')', ('(/*(*( ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( * ', >,%( ( 2


74/113

s

.11.3 Descripción

LN C,')',0 (' '+,0$ *,)0,' ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')',

(' '+,0$ *,)0,' ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(.

(/!2SIN CALC"LAR EL SENO

.12.1 78m,olo


.12.3 Descripción

SIN C,')',0 (' %(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')', (' %(* ()* *K(0 (* , 6',*(. E' *K(0 (* , 6',*( 0(/0(%(*, ,): )*9*+)' (* 0,$,*(%.

(/!$COS CALC"LAR EL COSENO

.13.1 78m,olo

ST PROG2 Nro # 72


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.13.3 Descripción

COS C,')',0 (' %(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')', ('%(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(< %$(* %( (' ,'0 ( )* 9*+)'(/0(%, (* 0,$,*(%.

(/!&TAN CALC"LAR LA TANGENTE

.14.1 78m,olo


ST PROG2 Nro # 73


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.14.3 Descripción

TAN C,')',0 ', ,*+(*( ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')', ',

,*+(*( ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(< %$(* %( (' ,'0 ( )* 9*+)'(/0(%, (* 0,$,*(%.

(/!(ASIN CALC"LAR EL ARCOSENO

.1.1 78m,olo


.1.3 Descripción

ASIN C,')',0 (' ,0%(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')', (',0%(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(< ); ,0+(* ( (6$*$$* (% -1 aV,'0 ( (*0,, a 1. E' 0(%)', 0(/0(%(*, ,): )* 9*+)' (* 0,$,*(% (*

(' ,0+(* ( ,'0(%

-π2 ≤ V,'0 ( %,'$, ≤ π2%$(* π 3


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.1#.2 Pala,ra de estado

.1#.3 Descripción

ACOS C,')',0 (' ,0%(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')',(' ,0%(* ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(< ); ,0+(* ( (6$*$$* (% -1a V,'0 ( (*0,, a 1. E' 0(%)', (% (' ,'0 ( )* 9*+)' (/0(%, (*

0,$,*(%< ,'0 )( )(, (*0 (' ,0+(* ( ,'0(%@ ≤ ,'0 ( %,'$, ≤π%$(* π 3


78/113

s

.1$.2 Pala,ra de estado

.1$.3 Descripción

ATAN C,')',0 ', ,0,*+(*( ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*( ,')',', ,0,*+(*( ( )* *K(0 (* , 6',*(. E' 0(%)', (% )* 9*+)'(/0(%, (* 0,$,*(% )( )(, (*0 (' ,0+(*

-π2 ≤ ,'0 ( %,'$, ≤ π2%$(* π 3


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OPERACIONES DE DESPLAZAMIENTO + ROTACIÓN

OPERACIONES DE DESPLAZAMIENTO

*/! DESCRIPCIÓN

L,% /(0,$*(% ( (%/',8,$(* %$0(* /,0, (%/',8,0 >$ , >$ ('*(*$ ( ', (*0,, IN< ,$, ', $8)$(0, ,$, ', (0(, . R(+$%0%( ', CPU. E' (%/',8,$(* ,$, ', $8)$(0, )'$/'$, (' *(*$ ( ',(*0,, IN /0 /(*$,% ( 2Q (' (%/',8,$(* ,$, ', (0(, $$( ('*(*$ ( ', (*0,, IN /0 /(*$,% ( 2. P0 ((/'< (%/',8,* ('

()$,'(*( >$*,0$ (' ,'0 ($,' 3 0(% >$% ,$, ', $8)$(0, %( >$(*( (*(' ,))',0 (' ()$,'(*( >$*,0$ (' ,'0 ($,' 24. D(%/',8,* ('()$,'(*( >$*,0$ (' ,'0 ($,' 1! % >$% ,$, ', (0(, %( >$(*( (*(' ,))',0 (' ()$,'(*( >$*,0$ (' ,'0 ($,' 4.

E' *K(0 )( %( $*0)( (* (' /,09(0 ( (*0,, N $*$, ('*K(0 ( >$% , (%/',8,0. L,% /%$$*(% )( )(,* '$>0(% (%/)% (((),0 ', /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(* %( 0(''(*,* * (0% * (' (%,( %(,' (' >$ ( %$+* @ %$+*$6$, /%$$ ; 1 %$+*$6$, *(+,$. E' (%,( %(,' (' K'$ >$ (%/',8, %( ,0+, (* (' >$ A1 ( ', /,',>0, ((%,. L% >$% A@ ; OV ( ', /,',>0, ( (%, %( /*(* , @. P,0,

$*(0/0(,0 (' >$ A1 /)((* )$'$8,0%( ',% /(0,$*(% ( %,'.

S( $%/*( ( ',% /(0,$*(% ( (%/',8,$(* %$+)$(*(%

ST PROG2 Nro # 77


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*/2S$ , >$ , ', (0(,. A '% >$% 1! ,31 * '(% ,6(, (%, /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(*. L, (*0,, N $*$, ('*K(0 ( /%$$*(% ( >$ (* )( %( , , (6(),0 )* (%/',8,$(*.

S$ N (% ,;0 )( 1!< ', $*%0)$* 0,>,, %$ N 6)(0, $+),' , 1!.L,% /%$$*(% ( >$ )( %( ,00,%0,* ( ', $8)$(0, /,0, )/,0 ',%/%$$*(% '$>0(% 0($>(* (' (%, ( %(,' (' >$ 15 (%( (% (' >$ ( %$+*(' (*(0. E% %$+*$6$, )( (%,% /%$$*(% ( >$ %( )/,* * (' ,'0@ %$ %( 0,, ( )* (*(0 /%$$< ; )( %( )/,* * (' ,'0 1 %$ %( 0,,( )* (*(0 *(+,$. E' 0(%)', ( ', /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(* )(,(/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, /(0,$* SR[I /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV , @%$ N (% $6(0(*( ( @.

E' (%, ( %(,' ( ENO (% $+),' ,' ( EN.

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#.2.3 Pala,ra de estado

#.2.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SR[I %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. M@ %( ,0+, ; %( (%/',8,, ', (0(, ,*% >$% $*$, M2. E' 0(%)', %( (%0$>( (* M4. L,%,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

*/$S


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#.3.2 Descripción de la operación

S$ , >$ , ', (0(,. L,(*0,, N $*$, (' *K(0 ( /%$$*(% ( >$ (* )( %( , , (6(),0 )*(%/',8,$(*. S$ N (% ,;0 )( 32< ', $*%0)$* 0,>,, %$ N 6)(0,$+),' , 32. L,% /%$$*(% ( >$ )( %( ,00,%0,* ( ', $8)$(0, /,0, )/,0',% /%$$*(% '$>0(% 0($>(* (' (%, ( %(,' (' >$ 31 (%( (% (' >$ (%$+* (' (*(0.

E% %$+*$6$, )( (%,% /%$$*(% ( >$ %( )/,* * (' ,'0 @ %$%( 0,, ( )* (*(0 /%$$< ; )( %( )/,* * (' ,'0 1 %$ %( 0,, ( )*(*(0 *(+,$. E' 0(%)', ( ', /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(* )(,(/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, /(0,$* SR[DI /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV , @%$ N (% $6(0(*( ( @.

E' (%, ( %(,' ( ENO (% $+),' ,' ( EN.


#.3.4 E%emplo

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E' ),0 SR[DI %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. MD@ %( ,0+, ; %( (%/',8, ,', (0(, ,*% >$% $*$, M4. E' 0(%)', %( (%0$>( (* MD1@. L,%,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

*/&S


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#.4.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SL[ %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. M@ %( ,0+, (* (' ACU 1 ;%( (%/',8, , ', $8)$(0, ,*% >$% $*$, M2. L, /,',>0, ('0(%)', %( (%0$>( (* M4. L, %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

*/(S


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#..2 Descripción de la operación

S$ , >$ , ', (0(,. A '% >$% 1! ,31 * '(% ,6(, (%, /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(*. L, (*0,, N $*$, ('*K(0 ( /%$$*(% ( >$ (* ',% )( %( , , (6(),0 )* (%/',8,$(*. S$N (% ,;0 )( 1!< ', $*%0)$* (%0$>( )* @ (* ', %,'$, OUT ; /*( , @'% >$% A@ ; OV ( ', /,',>0, ( (%,. D(%( ', $8)$(0, %( (%/',8, ('$% *K(0 N ( (0% /,0, )/,0 ',% /%$$*(% '$>0(%. E' 0(%)', (', /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(* )(, (/%$, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L,/(0,$* SR[ /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV , @ %$ N (% $6(0(*( ( @.

E' (%, ( %(,' ( ENO (% $+),' ,' ( ( EN.

#..3 Pala,ra de estado

#..4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SR[ %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. M@ %( ,0+, ; %( (%/',8,, ', (0(, ,*% >$% $*$, M2. L, /,',>0, (' 0(%)', %( (%0$>(

(* M4. L, %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

ST PROG2 Nro # "3


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*/*S


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E' ),0 SL[D %( ,$, %$ E @.@ $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. MD@%( ,0+, ; %( (%/',8, , ', $8)$(0, ,*% >$% $*$, M4. L, /,',>0,>'( (' 0(%)', %( (%0$>( (* MD1@. L, %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

*/7S$ , >$ , ', (0(,. L, (*0,, N$*$, (' *K(0 ( /%$$*(% ( >$ (* )( %( , , (6(),0 )*(%/',8,$(*. S$ N (% ,;0 )( 32< ', $*%0)$* (%0$>( )* @ (* ',%,'$, OUT ; /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV , @. D(%( ', $8)$(0, %( (%/',8, ('$% *K(0 N ( (0% /,0, )/,0 ',% /%$$*(% '$>0(%. L, /,',>0, >'((' 0(%)', ( ', /(0,$* ( (%/',8,$(* )(, (/%$,, (* ', %,'$,OUT. L, /(0,$* SR[D /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV , @ %$ N (% $6(0(*( (

@.E' (%, ( %(,' ( ENO (% $+),' ,' ( ( EN.

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#.$.3 Pala,ra de estado

#.$.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 SR[D %( ,$, %$ E @.@ $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. MD@%( ,0+, ; %( (%/',8, , ', (0(, ,*% >$% $*$, M4. L, /,',>0,>'( (' 0(%)', %( (%0$>( (* MD1@. L, %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

OPERACIONES DE ROTACIÓN

*/,DESCRIPCIÓN

L,% /(0,$*(% ( 0,$* %$0(* /,0, 0,0 >$ , >$ (' *(*$( ', (*0,, IN< ,$, ', $8)$(0, ,$, ', (0(, . R(+$%0% ( ', CPU.L,% /%$$*(% '$>0(% ( '% >$% %( 0(''(*,* * '% (%,% ( %(,' ( '%>$% )( %( (%/',8,* 6)(0, ( ', (*0,, IN. E' *K(0 )( %( $*0)( (* ('/,09(0 ( (*0,, N $*$, (' *K(0 ( >$% )( %( , , 0,0.

D(/(*$(* ( ', /(0,$*< ', 0,$* $(*( ')+,0 :, (' >$ A1 ( ',/,',>0, ( (%,. E' >$ A@ ( ', /,',>0, ( (%, %( /*( , @. S( $%/*(( ',% %$+)$(*(% /(0,$*(% ( 0,$*

ST PROG2 Nro # "!


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*/.ROLKD ROTAR $2 %ITs A LA IZ"IERDA

#..1 78m,olo

#..2 Descripción de la operación

ROLKD R,0 32 >$% , ', $8)$(0, %( ,$, %$ ', (*0,, (,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. L, /(0,$* ROL[D ,(0,0 (' *(*$ /'( ( ', (*0,, IN >$ , >$ , ', $8)$(0,. L, (*0,,N $*$, (' *K(0 ( /%$$*(% ( >$ (* )( %( , , (6(),0 ', 0,$*. S$N (% ,;0( )( 32 ', /,',>0, >'( IN (% 0,, (* N-1 )' 321/%$$*(%. L,% /%$$*(% ( >$ )( %( ,00,%0,* ( ', (0(, %( )/,** (' (%, ( %(,' ( '% >$% )( 6)(0* 0,% , ', $8)$(0, 0,$* ,', $8)$(0,.

L, /,',>0, >'( (' 0(%)', ( ', /(0,$* ( 0,$* )(,(/%$,, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, /(0,$* ROL[D /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV ,@ %$ N (% $6(0(*( ( @.

E' (%, ( %(,' ( ENO (% $+),' ,' ( ( EN.

ST PROG2 Nro # "7


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#..3 Pala,ra de estado

#..4 E%emplo

E' ),0 ROL[D %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. MD@ %( ,0+, ; %( 0, , ',$8)$(0, ,*% >$% $*$, M4. L, /,',>0, >'( (' 0(%)', %((%0$>( (* MD1@. L, %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

*/!8RORKD ROTAR $2 %ITs A LA DEREC


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#.1.2 Descripción de la operación

RORKD R,0 32 >$% , ', (0(, %( ,$, %$ ', (*0,, (,>$'$,$* EN $(*( (' (%, ( %(,' 1. L, /(0,$* ROR[D ,(0,0 (' *(*$ /'( ( ', (*0,, IN >$ , >$ , ', (0(,. L, (*0,, N$*$, (' *K(0 ( /%$$*(% ( >$ (* )( %( , , (6(),0 ', 0,$*. S$ N(% ,;0 )( 32 ', /,',>0, >'( IN (% 0,, (* N-1 )' 321/%$$*(%. L,% /%$$*(% ( >$ )( %( ,00,%0,* ( ', $8)$(0, %( )/,** (' (%, ( %(,' ( '% >$% )( 6)(0* 0,% , ', (0(, 0,$* ,', (0(,.

L, /,',>0, >'( (' 0(%)', ( ', /(0,$* ( 0,$* )(,(/%$,, (* ', %,'$, OUT. L, /(0,$* ROR[D /*( '% >$% A@ ; OV ,@ %$ N (% $6(0(*( ( @.

E' (%, ( %(,' ( ENO (% $+),' ,' ( ( EN.


#.1.4 E%emplo

E' ),0 ROR[D %( ,$, %$ E @.@ (% 1. MD@ %( ,0+, ; %( 0, , ',(0(, ,*% >$% $*$, M4. L, /,',>0, >'( (' 0(%)', %(

(%0$>( (* MD1@. L, %,'$, A 4.@ %( /*( , 1.

ST PROG2 Nro # "&


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OPERACIONES DE SALTO

7/! LISTA DE OPERACIONES

$.1.1 Descripción

L,% /(0,$*(% ( %,' %$0(* /,0, *0',0 (' (%,00'' ('/0+0,,. E%,% /(0,$*(% /(0$(* ,' /0+0,, $*(00)/$0 %) (%,00'''$*(,' /,0, *$*),0 (' /0(%,$(* (* )* /)* $6(0(*( (' /0+0,,.

E%,% /(0,$*(% %( /)((* )$'$8,0 (* % '% >')(% '+$%

>')(% ( 0+,*$8,$* OB%< >')(% ( 6)*$* FB% ; 6)*$*(% FC%.

S( $%/*( ( ',% /(0,$*(% ( %,' %$+)$(*(%W ---#MP--- S,' ,>%')W ---#MP--- S,' *$$*,'W --- #MPN S,',0 %$ ', %(,' (% @

$.1.2 Meta como operando

E' /(0,* ( )*, /(0,$* ( %,' (% )*, (,. L, (, $*$, ('(%$* , *( %( (%(, %,',0 (* (' /0+0,,. L, (, %( $*0)( (*$,

( ', >>$*, ( %,'< U*, (, %( /*( ( ),0 ,0,(0(% 9$. E' /0$(0 ,09(0 , ( %(0 )*, '(0, (' ,'6,>(Q '% 0(%,*(%,0,(0(% /)((* %(0 '(0,% *K(0% /.(. SEG$.

$.1.3 Meta como destino

L, (, ( (%$* , ((**0,0%( %$(/0( ,' /0$*$/$ ()* %(+(*. P,0, $*0)$0', ,;)( %('($*,0 LABEL (* ('),0 OP. E* %(+)$, ,/,0(()* ),0 ,:. I*0)$0 (* ('),0 (' *>0( ( ', (,.

ST PROG2 Nro # &@


93/113

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7.2---#MP--- SALTO A%SOL"TO

$.2.1 78m,olo

$.2.2 Descripción de la operación

---1 #MP 3 S,',0 %$ ', %(,' (% 1 6)*$*, )* %,' ,>%')),* * ,; 0 ('((* OP (*0( (' *)0 $8)$(0 ; ', /(0,$*. ((/'.

C,, %,' --- JMP $(*( )( (*(0 )*, (, LABEL.

bN %( ((),09* ',% /(0,$*(% )( %( (*)(*0(* (*0( ', /(0,$*( %,' ; ', (,c

$.2.3 Pala,ra de estado

$.2.4 E%emplo

E' %,' %( ((), (* % '% ,%%< $$*%( /,%,* /0 ,'',% /(0,$*(% )( %( (*)(*0(* (*0( ', /(0,$* ( %,' ; ', (,.

ST PROG2 Nro # &1


94/113

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7.3---#MP--- SALTO CONDICIONAL

$.3.1 78m,olo


---1 #MP 3 S,',0 (* (' >')( %$ (% 1 6)*$*, )* %,'*$$*,' ),* (' RLO ( ', >$*,$* '+$, ,*(0$0 (% 1.

C,, %,' --- JMP $(*( )( (*(0 )*, (, LABEL.

bN %( ((),09* ',% /(0,$*(% )( %( (*)(*0(* (*0( ', /(0,$*( %,' ; ', (,c S$ )* %,' *$$*,' * %( ((),< (' RLO ,>$, , 1(%/)% ( ', /(0,$* ( %,'.


$.3.4 E%emplo

S$ ', (*0,, E @.@ (% @ %( ((), (' %,' , ', (, CAS1. A' ''(,0%( ,

,> (' %,'< (* ', %,'$, A 4.@ * %( ((), ', /(0,$* P*(0 %,'$, , @<,)*)( E @.3 %(, 1.

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7.4---#MPN--- SALTAR SI LA SEAL ES 8

$.4.1 78m,olo


---1 #MPN 3 S,',0 %$ ', %(,' (% @ 6)*$*, )* %,' *$$*,'),* (' RLO ( ', >$*,$* '+$, ,*(0$0 (% @.

C,, %,' --- JMPN $(*( )( (*(0 )*, (, LABEL.

bN %( ((),09* ',% /(0,$*(% )( %( (*)(*0,* (*0( ', /(0,$*( %,' ; ', (,c

S$ )* %,' *$$*,' * %( ''(, , ,>< (' RLO ,>$, , 1 (%/)%( ', /(0,$* ( %,'.


$.4.4 E%emplo

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S$ ', (*0,, E @.@ (% @< %( ((), (' %,' , ', (, CAS1. A'((),0%( (' %,'< (* ', %,'$, A 4.@ * %( ''(, , ,> ', /(0,$* P*(0%,'$, , @< ,)*)( ', (*0,, E @.3 %(, 1.

7/(LA%EL META DEL SALTO

$..1 78m,olo

$..2 Descripción de la operación

LA%EL ,0, ', (, ( )*, /(0,$* ( %,'. E%, (, /)(((*(0 ,%, )* 9$ 4 ,0,(0(%. P0$(0 ,09(0 '(0,Q (9% ,0,(0(%'(0,% ,'6,*)0$%< /.(. CAS1.

C,, %,' --- JMP --- JMPN $(*( )( (*(0 )*, (, (' %,'LABEL.

$..3 E%emplo

S$ E @.@ 1 %( ((), (' %,' , ', (, CAS1. A' ''(,0%( , ,> ('%,'< (* ', %,'$, A 4.@ * %( ((), ', /(0,$* P*(0 %,'$, , @< ,)*)(E @.3 %(, 1.

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%LO"ES DE ORGANIZACIÓN

,/! RELACIÓN GENERAL DE O%s

+.1.1 Blo9ues de organización

L% >')(% ( 0+,*$8,$* *%$);(* ', $*(06,%( (*0( (' %$%(,/(0,$ ( ', CPU ; (' /0+0,, ( )%),0$. C* ', ,;), ( '% OB% (%/%$>'( %('($*,0 ', (()$* ( /,0(% ( /0+0,,%

• ,' ,00,*,0 ', CPU

• (* (()$* :'$, ,>$* $*(0$(*( (/0,'• , ((0$*,,% 0,% (* ((0$*,% :,%• (%/)% ( 0,*%)00$0 )* $(/ /0((%,>'($• ,' /0)$0%( (000(%• ,' $%/,0,0%( ,',0,% ( /0(%.

L% >')(% ( 0+,*$8,$* %( /0(%,* (* 00(%/*(*$, * ',/0$0$, )( $(*(* ,%$+*,,.

L, ,>', %$+)$(*( )(%0, (' ((* ( ,00,*)( ; ', /0$0$,/0(,)%,, )( 00(%/*( , ,, OB.

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Tabla -1 >ista de blo?&es de organi*ación O'4

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Tabla -2 >ista de blo?&es de organi*ación O'4

1 L,% /0$0$,(% 27 ; 2" %* 9'$,% (* (' (' ( /0$0$,(% (',00,*)(.

2 L, /0$0$, 2& 00(%/*( , ', /0$0$, @.2&. E% ($0< (' $' ( ',,0(, * /0$0$,0$, $(*( (*0 /0$0$, )( (' $' '$>0(.

,/2PRINCIPALES O%s

+.2.1 Programa c8clico (OB1)

.2.1.1 %escripción

E' %$%(, /(0,$ ( ', CPU (' S7 ((), (' OB 1 ( 60, :'$,U*, (8 6$*,'$8,, ', (()$* (' OB 1< (' %$%(, /(0,$ $(*8, ,((),0' ( *)(.

L, (()$* :'$, (' OB 1 $(*8, )*, (8 )( (' ,00,*)( ,6$*,'$8,. E* (' OB 1 (% /%$>'( 0(,'$8,0 ', '',,, , >')(% ( 6)*$* FB%<SFB% , 6)*$*(% FC%< SFC%.

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.2.1.2 odo de f&ncionamiento del O'1

E' OB 1 /0(%(*, ', /0$0$, 9% >,, ( % '% OB% %($% ,

$+$',*$, (* ' )( 0(%/(, , %) $(/ ( (()$*. C* ((/$* (' OB&@< % '% (9% O>% /)((* $*(00)/$0 ', (()$* (' OB 1. L%((*% %$+)$(*(% ,* ')+,0 , )( (' %$%(, /(0,$ '',( ,' OB 1• F$*,' ( ', (()$* (' ,00,*)(• F$*,' ( ', (()$* (' OB 1 )0,*( (' $' ,*(0$0.

U*, (8 6$*,'$8,, ', (()$* (' OB 1< (' %$%(, /(0,$ (*:,,% +'>,'(%. A*(% ( ,00,*,0 ( *)( (' OB 1< (' %$%(, /(0,$(%0$>( ', $,+(* ( /0(% ( ',% %,'$,% (* '% )'% ( %,'$,%<,),'$8, ', $,+(* ( /0(% ( ',% (*0,,% ; 0($>( ,% +'>,'(% /,0, ',CPU.

S7 60(( )*, %)/(0$%$* (' $(/ ( $' 9$ +,0,*$8,* ('$(/ ( 0(,$* 9$. E' ,'0 (' $(/ ( $' 9$ (%9/0(,)%, , 15@ %. P)(( $6$,0 ', /,0,(0$8,$* ( (%( ,'0 < *SFC 43 RE[TRIGR< ,$,0 ( *)( ', %)/(0$%$* (/0,' (* ),')$(0/)* (' /0+0,,. S$ (' /0+0,, %>0(/,%, (' $(/ ( $' 9$ /,0,(' OB 1< (' %$%(, /(0,$ '',, ,' OB "@ OB ( (000 ( $(/. S$ *(%9 /0+0,, (' OB "@< ', CPU /,%, ,' (%, /(0,$ STOP.

A(9% ( ', %)/(0$%$* (' $(/ ( $' 9$< /)((

+,0,*$8,0%( (' )/'$$(* ( )* $(/ ( $' :*$. E' %$%(,/(0,$ 0(,0, (' $(*8 ( )* *)( $' (%0$)0, ( ', $,+(* (/0(% ( ',% %,'$,% (* '% )'% ( %,'$,% ,%, )( %( ,;,,',*8, (' $(/ ( $' :*$.

+.2.2 OBs de alarma 0oraria (OB1 0asta OB1$)

.2.2.1 %escripción

E' %$%(, /(0,$ ( ', CPU (' S7 ((), (' OB 1 ( 60, :'$,U*, (8 6$*,'$8,, ', (()$* (' OB 1< (' %$%(, /(0,$ $(*8, ,

((),0' ( *)(.

• )*, (8• ,, $*)• ,, 0,• ,, :,• ,, %(,*,• ,, (%• ,, ,• , 6$*,' ( (%

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Not0S$ )* OB ( ,',0, 0,0$, %( /0(%, (*%),'(*(< /,0, ', 6(, $*$$,'

%' /)((* $*$,0%( '% :,% 1< 2< ... 2".

.2.2.2 odo de f&ncionamiento

P,0, ,00,*,0 )*, ,',0, 0,0$, (% *((%,0$ ,)%,0 /0$(0 ', ,',0,; ,$,0', %(+)$,(*(. P)(( ('(+$0 )*, ( ',% 0(% ,'(0*,$,% %$+)$(*(%

• A00,*)( ,)9$ ( ', ,',0, 0,0$,. S( /0)( ,' ,)%,0 ;,$,0 ', ,',0, 0,0$, * STEP 7. L, ,>', %$+)$(*( )(%0, ',%/%$>$'$,(% )( ($%(* /,0, ', ,$,$* ( )*, ,',0, 0,0$, *

STEP 7.• A)%,* ', ,',0, 0,0$, * STEP 7 ; ,$9*', /0 ', '',,,, SFC 3@ ACT[TINT< (%( (' /0+0,,.

• A)%,* ', ,',0, 0,0$, ($,*( ', '',,, , SFC 2"SET[TINT ; ,$9*', ($,*( ', '',,, , SFC 3@ACT[TINT.

C* ,;), ( ',% SFC% 3& , 42 /)((* >')(,0%( 0(,0,0%( ;,>$'$,0%( ( *)( ',% ,',0,% 0,0$,%.

+.2.3 OB de /allo de alimentación (OB +1)

.2.$.1 %escripción

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E' %$%(, /(0,$ ( ', CPU (' S7 ((), (' OB 1 ( 60, :'$,U*, (8 6$*,'$8,, ', (()$* (' OB 1< (' %$%(, /(0,$ $(*8, ,((),0' ( *)(.

E' %$%(, /(0,$ ( ', CPU '',, ,' OB "1 ),* %( /0(%(*, )*((* ,$, /0 )* 6,'' (* ', ,'$(*,$* *0,' %' (* (' S74@@ (0(%/,' (* ,/* ,* (* ,% ( )* ((* (*0,*( ( )*%,'$(*(.

S$ %( /0)( )* 6,'' ( ', /$', (* (' S7-4@@< %' %( '',, ,' OB "1 ,'(%,0 ,$,, ', /0>,$* ( ', /$', ($,*( (' $*(00)/0 %ATT/INDIC.L, CPU * /,%, ,' (%, /(0,$ STOP %$ * (%9 /0+0,, (' OB "1.

C* ,;), ( ',% SFC% 3& ,%, 42 /)(( >')(,0%(< 0(,0,0%( ,>$'$,0%( ( *)( (' OB ( 6,'' ( ,'$(*,$*.

+.2.4 OB de aer8a de "P: (OB +4)

.2.(.1 %escripción

E' %$%(, /(0,$ ( ', CPU '',, ,' OB "4 (* '% %$+)$(*(% ,%%• 0,% ', (($* ; ('$$*,$* ( (000(% ( (0$,• (* S7-4@@ (* ,% ( /(*$, 0()$, (' ,/',$(* ( 0()*,*$,

(*0( ,>,% CPU%

P)(( >')(,0 0(,0,0 (' OB ( (000 ( ,0?,0( ( ', CPU *,;), ( ',% SFC% 3& ,%, 42 ; '(0 , ,>$'$,0'.

+.2. OBs de arran9ue (OB 1; OB 11 5 OB 12)

.2.+.1 odos de arran?&e

S( $%$*+)(* '% %$+)$(*(% % ( ,00,*)( R(,00,*)( * (* '% S7 3@@ *$ S7 4@@ A00,*)( (* ,'$(*(

A00,*)( (* 60:

L, ,>', %$+)$(*( )(%0, (' OB ,' )( (' %$%(, /(0,$ '',,)0,*( (' ,00,*)(.

.2.+.2 %escripción

L, CPU (6(K, )* ,00,*)(

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• (%/)% ( ALIMENTACION ONQ• %$ %( ,>$, ( STOP , RUN-P (' %('(0 ( ( /(0,$*Q• 0,% ', %'$$) /0 )*, 6)*$* ( )*$,$* /0 ,* ( (*K

(%( ', )*$, PG /0 '',,, ( '% >')(% ( 6)*$* /,0,)*$,$*(% 1& START< 21 RESUME (* 0, CPUQ

• %$*0*$8,$* (* (' )'$/0(%,0Q• (* )* %$%(, < 0,% ,/',0 %' (* ', CPU ( 0(%(0,.

E* 6)*$* (' ((* ( ,00,*)(< ( ', CPU ($%(*( ; ( %)%/,09(0% ,)%,%< %( ,$, (' OB ( 0(,00,*)( ,%$+*, OB 1@@< OB1@1 ; OB 1@2. M($,*( ', /0+0,,$* 00(%/*$(*( (% /%$>'( 0(,'$8,0,)%(% /0($% /,0, (' /0+0,, :'$ ((/$* (* )* %$%(, < 0,% (',/',$(* %( ((), )* ,00,*)( (* ', CPU ( 0(%(0,< /(0 %$* '',,0 ,'OB ( ,00,*)(.

+.2.# OB de error de programación (OB 121)

.2.,.1 %escripción

E' %$%(, /(0,$ ( ', CPU '',, ,' OB 121 ),* ,/,0(( )*((* ,$, /0 )* (000 )0,*( ', (()$* (' /0+0,,. A%: /0((/'< %$ (*0 (' /0+0,, %( '',, , )* >')( )( * 6)( ,0+, (* ',CPU< (' OB 121 %(09 $*,.

.2.,.2 odo de f&ncionamiento del O' de error de programación

E' OB 121 6)*$*, (* ', $%, /0$0$, )( (' >')( )( , %$$*(00)/$. S$ * (%9 /0+0,, (' OB 121< ', CPU /,%,09 ( RUN ,STOP.

S7 $%/*( ( ',% SFC% %$+)$(*(% )( /(0$(* (*,%,0,0 ;(%(*,%,0,0 ((*% ( ,00,*)( (' OB 121< $(*0,% %( ((), ('/0+0,, L, SFC 3! MS[FLT (*,%,0, ((0$*,% $+% ( (000. L, SFC 37 DMS[FLT (%(*,%,0, '% $+% ( (000

(*,%,0,% /0 ', SFC 3!.

L, SFC 3" READ[ERR '(( (' 0(+$%0 ( (%, ( ((*%.

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COM"NICACIÓN MEDIANTE DATOS GLO%ALES

./!SINOPSIS

.1.1 $,0 ,% :'$,(*( (*0(

CPU% , 0,% (' $*(06,( MPI. E' $*(0,>$ :'$ ( ,% %( ''(, , ,>* ', $,+(* *0,' (' /0(%. L, )*$,$* ( ,% +'>,'(% %(*6$+)0, * STEP 7Q ', 0,*%6(0(*$, ( '% ,% +'>,'(% (% %, ('%$%(,< /0 ' )( * %( $(*( )( /0+0,,0.

L% ,/,0,% %$+)$(*(% (%0$>(* ,')',0< * ,;), ( '%,% *$% $*$,% /,0, ,, CPU *K(0 ( :0)'% GD< ,, ;*K(0 ( /,)((% GD< (.< ', ,*$, ( ,% )( /)((* $*(0,>$,0',% CPU% ($,*( (' /0($$(* C)*$,$* GD. A(9%< 6$+)0,*

• *$$*(% ( ($%$* ; 0((/$* , (*(0 (* )(*,• )*, 60)', /,0, ,')',0 ,/0$,,(*( (' $(/ ( 0(%/)(%,

.1.2 Datos glo,ales

L% ,% +'>,'(% )( %( )$'$8,* (* ', )*$,$* ($,*( ,%+'>,'(% co6unic0ciBn GD %* ',% %$+)$(*(% 90(,% ( /(0,*% ( ',CPU

• (*0,,%< %,'$,% ( ', $,+(* (' /0(%• ,0,%• 90(,% ( >')(% ( ,%• (/0$8,0(%< *,0(% * 0((*,>'(%< /0)( '% ,'0(% ('

($%0 ;, * %* ,),'(%Q *6$+)0,>'(% %' 90(,% (/(0,*%

L,% 90(,% ( ', /(0$6(0$, PE ; PA ; '% ,% ','(% * %( /)((*)$'$8,0 /,0, ', )*$,$* ($,*( ,% +'>,'(%.

.1.3 rans/erencia de datos

L, )*$,$* ($,*( ,% +'>,'(% 6)*$*, %(+K* ('/0($$(* >0,,%< (% ($0< * %( ,)%, 0($> ( '% ,% +'>,'(%. E'($%0 * 0($>( $*60,$* ,'+)*, ,(0, ( %$ ,; )* 0((/0 )( ,

0($>$ '% ,% +'>,'(% (*$,% ;< (* ,% ( ,>(0'< )9' (%. S$ ('

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/0(% 0()$(0( )*, 0,*%6(0(*$, ( ,% %(+)0,< )$'$( 0 %(0$$< /0 ((/'< ',% 6)*$*(% S7..1.4 7u,redes para la comunicación de datos glo,ales

L, )*$,$* GD (% /%$>'(• >$(* :, )*, %)>0( MPI (*0( $%$*% ()$/%• >$(* :, (' >)% /%(0$0 /.(.< (*0( CPU% S7 (* )* >,%$0 (*

)'$/0(%,0

.1. "ómo se conierte un -rea de operandos en un -reaemisora=receptora

L,% 90(,% ( /(0,*% )( /,0$$/,* (* ', )*$,$* ( ,%

+'>,'(% %( *6$+)0,* * STEP 7 (* )*, ,>', ( ,% +'>,'(% t0l0 GD• ,, ')*, (%9 ,%$+*,, , )*, CPU< (% ($0< ',% ')*,%0(/0(%(*,* ',% CPU% )( $*(0,>$,* ,% 9$ 15 CPU%

• ,, ':*(, , ($0 (0, ,, ,/ ($,>'( ( )*, ':*(,0(/0(%(*, (' 90(, ( /(0,*% , 0,% ( ', ),' )*, CPU (*:, '%,% >$(* )*, ,0$,% CPU% '% 0($>(*

D(%/)% ( 0(''(*,0 ', ,>',< ( /$',0', ; ( ,0+,0', (* ',% CPU%)( /,0$$/,* (* ', )*$,$*< (%,% CPU% (*:,* ; 0($>(* ,%:'$,(*( , 0,% ( (%,% 90(,% ( /(0,*% (* (' /)* ( *0' ('$' (% ($0< (* (' /)* (* (' )( %( 0(,'$8, ', ,),'$8,$* ( ', $,+(* ('

/0(%.

P0ticul0id0d E* '% S7-4@@ '% ,% +'>,'(% *6$+)0,% ,>$* %(/)((* (*$,0< *0',% /0 ((*%< , 0,% ( ', SFC !@ GD[SND %(/)((* 0($>$0 , 0,% ( ', SFC !1 GD[RCV.

./2DETERMINAR LA CAPACIDAD DE COM"NICACIÓN

.2.1 7u,redes para la comunicación de datos glo,ales

L, ,/,$, )( $(*( )*, CPU S7 (* ),* , ', )*$,$* (,% +'>,'(%< %( ((0$*, (* >,%( , '% ,% *$% 0()0%% GD%$+)$(*(%

• NK(0 ( :0)'% GD (* '% )( /)(( $*(0(*$0 ', CPU• NK(0 9$ ( ,% *(% /0 /,)(( ( ,% +'>,'(%• NK(0 9$ ( /,)((% ( 0((/$* /0 :0)' ( GD• L*+$) ( '% ,% (0(*(% /0 /,)((

L% 0(%,*(% 0()0%% GD )(*,% %* $*$% /,0, ,% ',%CPU% S7 ; /0 ' ,* * %* $/0,*(% /,0, ('(+$0 ', CPU.

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E* >,%( , '% ,% *$% ,00$>, (*$*,% %( /)(( ((0$*,0 ',,*$, ( ,% )( /)((* $*(0,>$,0 :'$,(*( ',% CPU% )( (%*$*(0*(,,% , 0,% ( )*, %)>0( MPI , 0,% (' >)% /%(0$0 ('

S7-4@@. A *$*),$* (/'$,0(% %( 0(,* '% /,)((% GD , /,0$0( '% ,% ( ($%$* ; )9*% :0)'% GD %( 0()$(0(* (* ,, ,%.

.2.2 "antidad necesaria de pa9uetes >D

U* /,)(( GD (% )* ('(+0,, )( (*:, )*, %', CPU ( )*,/,%,, , )*, ,0$,% CPU%. U* /,)(( GD *$(*( 9$ ',%$+)$(*( ,*$, ( ,% *(% . T,>$* D,% *$% ( ',% CPU%

• 9. 22 >;(% (* (' ,% (' S7-3@@• 9. 54 >;(% (* (' ,% (' S7-4@@

E%emplo 1

#)(0(% )$'$8,0 (' 90(, ( ($%$* 9% +0,*( ( )*, CPU S7-3@@/,0, /(0 (*$,0 (%( )* >')( ( ,%. E* ', CPU 0((/0, %( , ()$'$8,0 (' 90(, ( ,0,%. I*0)8, (' 90(, ( ($%$* ( ', CPU S7-3@@ (* ',,>', ( ,% +'>,'(%

• DB".DBB@22 (% ($0< 22 >;(% ( ,% (' DB" , /,0$0 (' >;( (,% @

I*0)8, (' 90(, ( 0((/$* ( 0, CPU $(*( )( %(0 $+),' (

+0,*( )( (' 90(, ( ($%$* (* ', ,>', ( ,% +'>,'(%• M1@@11 (% ($0< 11 /,',>0,% ( ,0,% , /,0$0 ( M 1@@

*eglas

• S$ * %' (%(, (*$,0 ,% (' 90(, ( /(0,*%< $(*( )( 0(%,0% >;(% /0 ,, 90(, ( ,% ,$$*,' (' *K(0 9$ ( ,%*(%.

• U* /(0,* *%$)$ /0 )* >$ /. (. M 4.1 *%)( )* >;( (,% *(% (' /,)(( GD.

E%emplo 2

#)(0(% (*$,0 (%( (' >')( ( ,% ; (%( ', $,+(* ('/0(% ( ',% %,'$,%. E* (%( ,%< (' ,, (' /,)(( GD * (>(%)/(0,0 '% 2@ >;(%.

I*0)8, ',% 90(,% ( ($%$* ( ', CPU S7-3@@ (* ', ,>', ( ,%+'>,'(%

• DB".DBB@1@ (% ($0< 1@ >;(% ( ,% (' DB" , /,0$0 (' >;( (,% @

•

A@1@ (% ($0< 1@ /,',>0,% ( %,'$, , /,0$0 ( A@

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I*0)8, ',% 90(,% ( 0((/$* ( ',% 0,% CPU% $+),' )( (* ('/0$(0 ((/'Q (' ,* ( '% ,% $(*( )( 00(%/*(0%( * (' 90(,( ($%$*.

.2.3 "antidad necesaria de c8rculos >D

?@uA es un c8rculo >D T,% ',% CPU% )( $*(0$(*(* (* (' $*(0,>$ ( )* /,)(( (

,% K* (* ,'$, ( ($%0,% 0((/0,%< *%)(* )* :0)' GD.

&specto de la ta,la >D (tras compilar)C

L(;(*, ( ', ,>', GD_ %$+*$6$, ($%0

E%0))0, ( ', $(*$6$,$* GD

?"u-ndo se consume otro c8rculo >D (caso 1)

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?"u-ndo se consume otro c8rculo >D (caso 2)


ST PROG2 Nro # 1@!


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"onse%o

E* ,%$*(% /)(( 0(%)',0 *(*$(*( (6$*$0 , )*, CPU ',

0((/0, ( )* /,)(( GD< ,)*)( (%, CPU * *((%$( (' /,)(( ', CPU 4 (' ((/'. S$ ',% CPU% ($%0, ; 0((/0, %* )*, $%, CPU%( /)(( 0()$0 (' *K(0 ( :0)'% GD /. (. ( ', CPU ($%0,. E* (%(,%< ',% CPU% 1% /,)((% GD %( ,+0)/,0:,* (* )* %'.

mero m-'imo de circuitos >D

E' *K(0 ( $0)$% GD (%9 '$$, , 1!. L,% CPU% ,6(,,% /09% ( 1! $0)$% GD * /)((* ,0+,0%( * ', *6$+)0,$* ( ,%','(%. N >%,*(< STEP 7 * $/$( +),0,0 ; /$',0 ,>',% GD * )**K(0 %)/(0$0 ( $0)$% GD.

./$CONDICIONES DE EMISIÓN + RECEPCIÓN

.3.1 "ondiciones de emisión 5 recepción

E' 6,0 ( $' /(0$( (6$*$0 /,0, ,, CPU )( $*(0$(*( (* ('$*(0,>$ (' /,)(( GD ' %$+)$(*(

• ,, )9*% $'% %( (*:, (' /,)(( GD %' /,0, ', CPU )( (%9

,0,, ($%0.• ,, )9*% $'% %( 0($>( (' /,)(( GD

E(/$* 6,0 ( $' @ %$+*$6$, )( (' /,)(( GD %( 0,*%6$(0(/0 *0' ( ((*%; * :'$,(*(< %' (* (' S7-4@@ * ', SFC!@SFC !1.

E%emplo

U* 6,0 ( $' ( 2@ /,0, )* /,)(( GD (* ', CPU ($%0,%$+*$6$, )( ', CPU (*$,09 (' /,)(( GD (%( (' /)* ( *0' (' $'

,, 2@ $'%.

U* 6,0 ( $' ( " /,0, )* /,)(( GD (* ', CPU 0((/0,%$+*$6$, )( ', CPU (*$,09 (' /,)(( GD (%( (' /)* ( *0' (' $',, " $'%< (% ($0< )( 0($>$09 (' /,)(( GD (* (' 90(, ( /(0,*%.

!actor de ciclo del emisorC

E* ),')$(0 ,%< (>( ($0%( , ',% *$$*(% %$+)$(*(% /,0, *%>0(,0+,0 ', )*$,$* ( ', CPU

CPU% S7-3@@ F,0 ( $' d T$(/ ( $' _ !@ %CPU% S7-4@@ F,0 ( $' d T$(/ ( $' _ 1@ %

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!actor de ciclo del receptorC

P,0, ($,0 ', /0$, ( /,)((% GD ,; )( 0($>$0 9% /,)((% GD

( '% )( %( (*:,*.

P,0, ('' %( , ( )/'$0 ' %$+)$(*(6,0 ( $' 0((/0 d $(/ ( $' 0((/0 a 6,0 ( $'

($%0 d $(/ ( $' ($%0.

.3.2 *elación entre /actor de ciclo 5 tiempo de ciclo

!actores de ciclo permitidos

L% 6,0(% ( $' /(0$$% ,* /,0, (' ($%0 /,0, ('0((/0 %* @ ; ,'0(% (*0( 1 ; 255. N >%,*(< (*+, (* )(*, )( '%6,0(% ( $' ); >,% %>0(,0+,* ((%$,(*( , ', CPU.

Reco6end0ciBn ,*(*+, (' 6,0 ( $' /0(((0$*, ; $+$'()( (' /0) (' $' ( $(/ 6,0 ( $' %(, %)/(0$0 , @,'(%. S)/*+,% )( ('/0+0,, ( )%),0$ ( )*, CPU 412 $(*( )* $(/ ( $' (,/0$,,(*( 5@%. E' 6,0 ( $' /0(((0$*, (% (22.

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ST PROG2 Nro # 1@"


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./&CON)IG"RAR + G"ARDAR LA COM"NICACIÓN GD

.4.1 Procedimiento para con/igurar 5 guardar la comunicación >D

S( $(*( )( ,>(0 *6$+)0, )*, %)>0( MPI * % '% ()$/%*((%,0$%.

ST PROG2 Nro # 1@&


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E%emplo

1. A>0$0 ', ,>', GD

2. R(''(*,0 ', ,>', GD

ST PROG2 Nro # 11@


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3. 1(0, /$',$* ( ', ,>', GD

4. V(0 6,0(% ( /$',$* /$*,'

curso st-prog2.pdf

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