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Sat, Jan 17, 2015 Go Adv Search 中文 CHINA EUROPE AFRICA ASIA ASIA NEWSPHOTO Epaper / In Depth Entering China's Market: The do's and don'ts Updated: 20130510 11:33 By Michael Barris and Chris Davis (China Daily) Print Mail Large Medium Small 1 A ship with cargo docked at Qingdao port. Despite an increase of $6.6 billion, or 6.5 percent from a year ago in US exports to China, the nation's overall share of exports to China dropped to 7 percent in 2012 from 10 percent in 2000, according to the USChina Business Council. Yu Fangming / For China Daily It's the world's secondbiggest economy and Western businesses want in, but they need to know how to do it, report Michael Barris and Chris Davis from New York. When he was asked to comment on his company's foreign growth outlook during an analysts' meeting last month, Henry Gerkens, chairman and CEO of Landstar System Inc, a Jacksonville, Floridabased freighttransport systems provider, said he hesitated to do business with China. "I just am a little bit leery about doing business in a communist country," the executive said. Says consultant and author Stanley Chao about doing business in China: "China is still the Wild West and far from our Western standards with respect to business ethics and laws." And Savio S. Chan, president and chief executive of US China Partners, a New Yorkbased consulting firm that has helped American companies do business in China, says: "If you do it the right way, there's a lot of opportunity in China, but if you do it the wrong way, you can be blacklisted and that will come back to haunt you." The difficult economic climate in Europe and the US combine with China's changing demographics, rising incomes, increased consumer spending and increasingly open business environment to make the world's most populous country and secondbiggest economy attractive to Western businesses, especially small and mediumsized companies (SMBs). But doing it the "right way," as Chan calls it, is often debated endlessly by US companies that only export to China or manufacture and sell in the country. Chao, the author of Selling to China: A Guide to Doing Business in China for Small and MediumSized Companies (iUniverse, 2012), believes now is when SMBs have a better chance than ever for going into China. "Where else in the world are you going to find a population of 1.3 billion, a growing middle class and a GDP growing at 8 to 10 percent?" says Chao, the son of Chinese immigrants who Most Viewed 'Sweet girls' of Neijiang Abandoned boat become work of art Poor health care in rural China lessens joy of pregnancy Braving bitter cold for nation’s security HK donor gives $1 million to NYPD officers' families Images: Top 10 weirdest buildings in China Across Canada Jan 16 In pictures: Nairobi mall shooting spree Top 10 countries for plastic surgery Across Americas Over the Week (Jan 9Jan 15) Editor's Picks Pumping up power of consumption From China with love and care From the classroom to the boardroom Schools open overseas campus Domestic power of new energy Clearing the air Today's Top News Shenzhou X astronaut gives lecture today US told to reassess duties on Chinese paper Chinese seek greater share of satellite market Russia rejects Obama's nuke cut proposal US immigration bill sees Senate breakthrough Brazilian cities revoke fare hikes Moody's warns on China's local govt debt Air quality in major cities drops in May US Weekly Geared to go The place to be Home China US World Business Sports Travel Life Culture Entertainment Photo Opinion Video Forum Video Slide Photos

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1/17/2015 Entering China's Market: The do's and don'ts|In Depth|chinadaily.com.cn

http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/201305/10/content_16490299.htm 1/5

Sat, Jan 17, 2015 Go Adv Search中文  CHINA  EUROPE  AFRICA  ASIA ASIA NEWSPHOTO

Epaper / In Depth

Entering China's Market: The do's and don'tsUpdated: 20130510 11:33

By Michael Barris and Chris Davis (China Daily)

  Print Mail Large Medium  Small 1

 

A ship with cargo docked at Qingdao port. Despite an increase of $6.6 billion, or 6.5 percentfrom a year ago in US exports to China, the nation's overall share of exports to China droppedto 7 percent in 2012 from 10 percent in 2000, according to the USChina Business Council. Yu

Fangming / For China Daily

It's the world's secondbiggest economy and Western businesses want in, but they need toknow how to do it, report Michael Barris and Chris Davis from New York.

When he was asked to comment on his company's foreign growth outlook during an analysts'meeting last month, Henry Gerkens, chairman and CEO of Landstar System Inc, aJacksonville, Floridabased freighttransport systems provider, said he hesitated to dobusiness with China.

"I just am a little bit leery about doing business in a communist country," the executive said.

Says consultant and author Stanley Chao about doing business in China: "China is still the WildWest and far from our Western standards with respect to business ethics and laws."

And Savio S. Chan, president and chief executive of US China Partners, a New Yorkbasedconsulting firm that has helped American companies do business in China, says: "If you do itthe right way, there's a lot of opportunity in China, but if you do it the wrong way, you can beblacklisted and that will come back to haunt you."

The difficult economic climate in Europe and the US combine with China's changingdemographics, rising incomes, increased consumer spending and increasingly open businessenvironment to make the world's most populous country and secondbiggest economyattractive to Western businesses, especially small and mediumsized companies (SMBs). Butdoing it the "right way," as Chan calls it, is often debated endlessly by US companies that onlyexport to China or manufacture and sell in the country.

Chao, the author of Selling to China: A Guide to Doing Business in China for Small andMediumSized Companies (iUniverse, 2012), believes now is when SMBs have a betterchance than ever for going into China.

"Where else in the world are you going to find a population of 1.3 billion, a growing middleclass and a GDP growing at 8 to 10 percent?" says Chao, the son of Chinese immigrants who

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class and a GDP growing at 8 to 10 percent?" says Chao, the son of Chinese immigrants whonow heads up Los Angelesbased All In Consulting.

"In the United States, we're growing at an anemic 2 to 3 percent a year and most SMBs aren'tdoing that well. China's certainly a good new market for them."

Gerkens' comment on why he's "leery" about doing business in China expresses an antiChinabias that some observers say is typical of middlemarket US companies, which have annualrevenue of $50 million to $500 million.

The CEO, according to a transcript of the meeting, spoke more enthusiastically about exploringopportunities in Denmark, whose GDP in 2012 was about $313 billion, a tiny fraction of China's$8.36 trillion.

Gerkens' comments, which followed the release of the company's firstquarter financial results,"baffled" Charlie Welsh, group editorinchief of Xport Reporter, an online businessinformationjournal which covers the export market.

"People have fears that if they go to China, they have opportunity, but there are risks there,"he said.

Xport, a unit of British publishing and education company Pearson PLC, says it analyzed morethan 200 interviews its journalists conducted with decisionmakers at midmarket companies.The results indicate that while some large corporations have jumped into exporting to China,midmarket companies "are not even trying to sell their products (there)," Welsh wrote.

Welsh noted that in April, Guangdong province announced plans to pour $228 billion intoinfrastructure, with 60 percent of the spending related to transportation. "Yet even withopportunities on this scale, a majority of [US] midmarket companies harbor significantreservations about selling their products and services to China and have prioritized smallerforeign markets that they feel more comfortable operating in," Welsh wrote.

Statistics from the USChina Business Council tend to back up Welsh's claim. Despite anincrease of $6.6 billion, or 6.5 percent from a year ago in US exports to China, the nation'soverall share of exports to China dropped to 7 percent in 2012 from 10 percent in 2000, thecouncil said in its latest report.

"That means that on the whole, they are losing competitive ground," Welsh said. "That'sworrying, because if the market is getting bigger, the opportunity is getting bigger. And the USshare of that is getting smaller. Somebody else is benefiting at their expense." China remainedthe US's thirdbiggest export destination last year, trailing Canada and Mexico, according tothe report.

Welsh thinks media reports that emphasize the US disadvantage in the export market andother issues, are misleading. "They try to say there are barriers to US companies going in.Forget about it," Welsh said. "Are American companies even making the effort in the firstplace?"

"It's not just a question of the US needing to export, but they need to produce more tradablegoods because they can't rely on consumer driven demand," he said. "So the answer has tobe by growth in external markets. And the obvious place is the biggest market."

'Demand and desire'

Welsh said his visits to China have shown him a widespread "demand and desire" for USproducts. "And then you come back here and you talk to people and they go, 'Yeah, wehaven't quite worked it out, yet.'"

Chao agrees that the mediumsized companies he handles as a Los Angelesbased consultantappear to lack drive when it comes to exporting to China. "Only two out of five companies I visitwant to make a serious attempt in entering China," Chao said.

"Basically, they don't see China as a real, practical market for them and should only be left forthe large, multinational corporations," he said. "China is just seen as too far, too expensive, tooforeign and just too wild for smaller companies to take a chance."

Clouding the issue further, the office of the United States Trade Representative last week onceagain put China on its "priority watch list" of countries who it claimed failed to provideprotection of US companies' intellectual property rights, citing claims that China launched cyberattacks on US firms.

Chao says midmarket firms still cling to an "antiquated" view that only large corporations canexport to China. "They had the political connections, investment capital, and most of all, thetime to wait for the market to develop," Chao said. "Though antiquated, this mentality is stillpervasive among smaller companies."

Perry Wong, director of research at the Milken Institute, says anyone venturing into the "vast,fast evolving and increasingly complex market that is China should apply "the three doubleDs": "Due Diligence, Due Diligence and more Due Diligence."

Wong says cost advantage is the most important thing for small and mediumsized businessesto consider, because they are more sensitive to pricing and cost control. "If you go back 10years ago, manufacturing costs were very low in China, energy costs were somewhat stable

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years ago, manufacturing costs were very low in China, energy costs were somewhat stableand one could make the argument that administratively it was a lot easier to operate in Chinacompared to now," Wong said.

Wong added that US companies can no longer assume that anything they do in China will becheaper than doing it at home, though labor is still an advantage, if you go inland.

"China is a big country so there is a big gap between the operating costs when you set upfactories in the east coastal region viz a viz the inland region," Wong said. "There are a lotmore labor regulations in terms of pay and pension than 10 or even five years ago."

Dilworth's experience

Wong cited recent research that he said found that China's wages are 40 percent below USwages. That advantage, however, can be canceled out by energy costs, which are much betterin the US, he said. "If you are making some very bulky manufactured goods, it almost doesn'tpay to manufacture in China any longer," Wong said.

John Dilworth, vicepresident for sales and marketing for GraphOn Corp, a Campbell,Californiabased developer of applicationpublishing software, said his company's proprietaryremoteaccess Internet Protocol competed directly with Microsoft Corp and Citrix Corp, and hiscompany was having trouble gaining any traction in the US. So they decided to go worldwide inthe hopes that the two giants didn't have the lion's share of the market outside of the US,which turned out to be true.

GraphOn left all of Asia, including China, to one employee based in Seattle and, between theproblems of language and time zone, the strategy failed, he said. "Probably most important,"Dilworth said, "was the cultural difference. I don't think GraphOn ever understood the culturaldifference in how to do business in China."

Bill Smith, CEO of VU1, a New Yorkbased company developing a new kind of mercuryfreeincandescent light bulb now being manufactured in China, singled out cultural differences indoing business as the biggest hurdle his company had to overcome.

VU1 began operations in the Czech Republic, an experience Smith calls "horrific. It's basicallyunionization on steroids over there."

Lured by the lore of low costs of manufacturing and components, he turned to China about ayear ago, but with what turned out to be not enough groundwork. He hired a lighting companyin Guangdong, and gave all the specs and instructions. The Chinese company said, "We cando it, no problem." Deadlines were never met, communicating dropped off, and nine monthslater, VU1 got a product that failed in the field, Smith said.

A board member brought in Chao, who visited the Guangdong factory, their outsourcepartners and their secondary suppliers. He found that many of their components didn't meetspecs, none of the inprocess testing was being done, they lacked the equipment necessary tomake some subcomponents and no final quality checks were done.

There was a clash, Chao said. "The Westerner blaming the Chinese company saying, 'Youlied, you cheated,' and the Chinese company came back and said, 'No, we did our best tomeet the specs'."

Chao said he doesn't blame the Chinese manufacturer as much as he blames the Americansfor not doing their homework, not verifying for themselves that the manufacturer could actuallydo what they said they could do.

Dilworth said he learned that China was a land of many resellers, where nobody seemed tobe loyal to any kind of structured channels. "A lot of resellers will become distributors," hesaid, "then half of the employees will leave the company and create a new company selling thesame thing. Something that's not allowed here in the States, with noncompete clauses."

"The problem is you build a company and a distribution channel and an ERP (enterpriseresource planning) system internally and you put strategies all together and then you have tocompletely rethink how you're doing business," said Dilworth. "We tried to do it our way andsaid 'No, this is our policy, you have to follow it' and we failed."

Language is half the problem and the difference in time zones is the other half, he said. "But Ihonor the contract, I honor the threetiered distribution channel that is traditional in the US andEurope," he said. "You have to think of it differently in China if you want to be successful."

'Bricks and mortar'

Microsoft and Citrix "put bricks and mortar" in China to try to infiltrate the country, Dilworthsaid. "But they have not done a lot better than we have in China."

Bricks and mortar and a hundred employees aren't the answer, as far as Dilworth isconcerned.

"The right answer is having the right Rolodex and understanding the culture," he said.

"I've had four attempts of trying to get into the Asia market with different technologies. I failedevery single one. I can't say that this one was wildly successful, but it's up and it's running and

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every single one. I can't say that this one was wildly successful, but it's up and it's running andwe are profitable with the venture and I'm very happy."

Contact the writers at [email protected] and [email protected]

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