メキシコ国プラスチック成形技術人材育成プロジェクト · メキシコ国...

メキシコ国

プラスチック成形技術

人材育成プロジェクト

プロジェクト事業完了報告書

別冊 I：

日本人専門家から CNAD インストラクターへの

技術移転に関する成果品

平成 26 年 11 月

（2014 年）

独立行政法人国際協力機構（JICA）

株式会社日本開発サービス（JDS）

メキシコ国プラスチック成形技術人材育成プロジェクト

プロジェクト事業完了報告書

別冊I：日本人専門家からCNADインストラクターへの技術移転に関する成果品

目次

Annex I: 理論研修用教材：PPT テキスト ..................................................................................... A-1

Annex II: 実習教育用教材：実習作業指示書／手順書 ................................................................. A-595

(1) 実習作業指示書 ...................................................................................................................... A-595

(2) 実習指導手順書 ...................................................................................................................... A-635

ANNEX I:

理論研修用教材：PPTテキスト

A-1

Module Sub-Module Page 1 プラスチック

成形方法 1-1 プラスチック成形の概要 31-2 熱可塑性プラスチックの成形法

（押し出し成形、射出成形、サーモフォーミング、回転成形、ブロー成型）

9

1-3 熱硬化性プラスチックの成形法（圧縮成形、トランスファー成形、エポキシ樹脂の取扱い）

17

1-4 製品の二次加工 242 プラスチック

材料 2-1 特性と特徴 332-2 同定（材料判別方法） 442-3 分類 522-4 成分 572-5 特徴付け 662-6 材料の色とカラーリング 882-7 各種プラスチックとその応用 962-8 射出成形プラスチックの特性評価 105

3 射出成形設備機器

3-1 射出成形設備機器の概要 1173-2 射出成形機の種類とその構造 1293-3 射出成形機の構成部分 1423-4 油圧成形システムとその機能 1663-5 電気成形システムとその機能 1733-6 制御系とその機能 1813-7 測定機器とその機能 1923-8 プラスチック成形工場のレイアウト 1993-9 付帯機器とその機能 208

4 射出成形機のメンテナンス

4-1 予防メンテナンス (4-1~4-3) 2144-2 事後メンテナンス - 4-3 電気系、油圧系、ニューマチック系、電子系の概要 -

5 射出成形プロセス

5-1 射出成形プロセスの原理 2225-2 射出成形条件の概要

（温度、時間、圧力、速度、型締め圧、加工材料の分量） 238

5-3 射出成形条件の設定 2495-4 プロセスの管理 2645-6 可塑化と材料のフロー 2735-7 成形前の材料処理 2805-8 プリヒート、添加剤、色素 2865-10 製品重量と材料歩留まり計算 2945-11 再生材料使用上の留意点 298

6 射出成形における段取り替え

6-1 金型取付け／金型取外し 3096-2 冷却回路（電気配線）の接続 3276-3 射出シリンダー内材料交換（パージ処理） 3336-4 初期成形条件設定と成形品サンプリング 339

A-2

Module Sub-Module Page 7 製品の品質／

生産管理 7-1 理論的概念・概要 (7-1~7-2) 3447-2 射出成形企業に適用する品質システム - 7-3 品質管理に使うグラフ 3577-4 製品の不良の原因と分析方法（QC7toolほか） 3667-5 工程能力管理 3897-6 5SとKAIZEN活動 4037-7 金型段取り改善の手法（SMED） 411

8 射出成形不良と成形条件調整

8-1 材料乾燥条件に関連する成形不良 (8-1~8-5) 4198-2 可塑化条件に関連する成形不良 - 8-3 射出条件に関連する成形不良 - 8-4 保圧条件に関連する成形不良 - 8-5 成形品取り出しに関連する成形不良 - 8-6 成形不良改善に関する応用演習 4288-7 金型に関連する成形不良 437

9 プロセスにおける安全管理

9-1 射出成形作業における危険 4429-2 作業者の安全防具 4499-3 成形機の安全システム 450

10 プラスチック射出成形の金型

10-1 一般概要（機能・分類） 45610-2 金型の構造、構成部品（インサートほか） 46710-3 金型と使用機械の適合 48710-4 キャビディーとコア 49310-5 ランナーゲート方案 50410-6 金型の温度制御 51410-7 離型機構（突き出し／アンダーカット処理） 52510-8 金型用材料 (10-8~10-9) 53710-9 熱処理・表面処理 - 10-10 金型のデザイン・メンテナンス 54510-11 金型のメンテナンス（金型の分解・組立） 56410-14 金型のメンテナンスによる品質生産性改善① 58310-15 金型のメンテナンスによる品質生産性改善② 589

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2 154 1070 31,600

3 146 1040 30,900

4 140 1110 30,200

30% 1 � 1180 34,700

2 � 1180 34,700

3 � 1180 34,700

4 � 1180 34,700

p479(1992)

30

�7

41

18�

H2OCO2

1 PLA

CO2+H2O�19

p61 2010 42

19�

PE: PS: PET:

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43

A-43

1

2011/9/26,27

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1

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5 H5.1

7

7.27.37.4

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2

3

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A-44

3

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A-46

6�60% ( 0.89g/cm3)55% ( 0.90g/cm3)50% ( 0.92g/cm3)( 1.00g/cm3)

10% ( 1.06g/cm3)13.88wt% ( 1.10g/cm3)20.28% ( 1.15g/cm3)

( 1.26g/cm3)

13�7

6.1�

14

PET,PP,PVC,PS,HDPE,LDPE

HDPE,LDPE,PP PET,PVC

PET,PVCPS

10%

LDPE,PP HDPE

55%

LDPEPP

60%

�8

HDPE 0.94 0.96 125 135 -125,<-100

LDPE 0.914 0.928 100 110 -100

LLDPE 0.92 0.94

PP Homo-polymer) 0.90 0.91 160 165 -20

GP PS 1.05 90 100

HI PS 1.00 1.05 -85

AS 1.06 1.08

ABS 1.16 1.21

ABS High-impact 1.01 1.05

PVC soft 1.16 1.35 -50 80

PVC rigid 1.38 1.55 212 220 80

PMMA 1.15 1.19 105 120

PET 1.33 1.40 255 260 70 80

15�2��

PA6 1.12 1.15 223 78

PA66 1.13 1.16 255 265 90

PA66 GF33% 1.33 1.34

PA610 1.07 1.09 210 220

POM (homo-polymer) 1.41 1.43 165 175 -70

PC 1.20 1.24 145

PC GF30% 1.40 1.43

PBT 1.31 1.32 220 230 45 60

PBT GF30% 1.48 1.53

PPE modfy 1.08

16

�3�

A-47

PPS (for non-reinforced) 1.34 285-290 85-95

PSF(amorphous) 1.24 190

PES (amorphous) 1.37 225-230

PSU(amorphous) 1.24-1.25 185-190

PPSF(amorphous) 1.29 220

PAR (amorphous) 1.21 193

LCP type GF30 1.62

PEEK 1.32 334-340 143

PI(Thermal) 1.36-1.43 250

17

�4

6.5�

18

Unit PMMA PC PS SAN

92�93 87�89 88�90 90

� 1.49 1.59 1.59 1.57

100 138�142 70�100 80�95

1.19 1.20 1.06 1.07

Izod impact�strength Kg/cm/cm 2.2�2.8 80�100 1.4�2.8 2.5�3.0

�5(2001)p49,

7

�BTB

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,

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(DSC: ),

IR�,MS

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�9

A-49

8.1�� (DSC)

25

�4�PerkinElmer DSC4000

�10�DSC�

Gerd Potsch:�Injection�Molding�an�introduction,1995,p38,Hanser 26

Gerd Potsch Walter�Michaeli :Injection�Moldin An�Introduction�p39(1995)��HANSER

�11 amorphous�PETP��chart�( sample�film)

8.2�

(

27

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�12

8.2(1)�

28

LLD�PE�resin

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A-50

8.3� (GC) (MS)GCMS

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29�14 GC

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30

�6�PyGC

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31

�15

A-51

2011/2/11,

M2

M2�3

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11.11.21.31.4

22.12.22.3

344.14.24.34.44.54.6

5 ( )6 2009

7 20078 2007

1

1

10,000 (

(1) 10,000

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A-52

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(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

2009)p61�204, 4

1

1.4�(1) 1870 Isaiah,�Jhon Hyatt

(2) Leo�Baekeland 1907 (Bakelite)

(3) 1924 Herman�Staudinger

(4) 1927 ((5) 1930

Du�Pont Wallace�Carothers1938

(6) 1872 � 19261956

Osswald,Menges, p3�7 1997

F.Johannaber:Injection Molding�Machines�A�user’s�Guide,2E(1983)P13�Hnaser 5

1

2

(

:

100% PE�HD 70�80%,PA 35�45%,POM 70�80%

�3

2.1

6

100

10049MPa

150

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10 50%

7

2

A-53

�4 8

2.3�

2 3�

PF,�UF,�MF,�UP,�DAP,�EP,�SI,�PUR,�PI

PVC,�PS,�ABS,�AS,�PE,�PP,�PMMA,�PET,�PVdC,�PVAc,�PVAC,�PVA,�CA

PA,�POM,�PC,�m�PPE,�PBT,�GF�PET

PPS,�LCP,�PSF,�PES,�PAR,�PEEK,�PI,�PAI

p2(2004)

�5

9

4

PE Polyethylene

PP Polypropylene PE(

PET Polyethyleneterephthalate

4.1

10

PS polystyrene

SAN Acrylonitrile�styrene�copolymer

PS ,�PS

ABS Acrylonitrile�butadiene�styrene�copolymer

,

PMMA polymethylmethacrylate

PVC Polyvinyl�chloride

PV C Polyvinylidene chloride(

PVAc polyvinylacetate 28 HDT(38 )

PVA Polyvinyl�alcohol

11

4

4.2

A-54

PA polyamide

POM polyoximethylene PA

PBT Polybuthylene �terephthalate

PE�UHMV

Polyetyleneultra�high�molecular�weight

12

4

4.3�

PC polycarbonate

m�PPE Poly�(phenylene oxide)�/polystyrene�blend

13

4

4.4�

PPS Poly�(phenylene sulfide)

LCP Lquid crystalline�polymer

PEEK Polyetherether keton 240

PTFE Fluorocarbon�resin , ,

PEN polyethleneNaphthalate 230 , ,

14

4

4.5 )

PAR polyalylate

PSF polysulfone

PEI polyetherimide

PI polyimide 250

PES polyethersulfone ,

PAI polyamide�imide 250 ,

15

4

4.6� )

A-55

5�

PF Phenolic�resin

UF Urea�formaldehydepolymer PF .

MF Melamine�formaldehyde� UF

UP Unsaturated�polyester� GF

DAP Diallyl phthalate�resin

EP Epoxy�resin

SI Silicone

PUR polyurethane

PI polyimide

16

6�2009

8%

91%

1%

885,820ton

vol61,No.6p25,(2010)

�6�

Total� 10,911,794�ton

PF 227,006�UF 72,974�MF 92513UP 117401PDAP 63458EP 149386PU 163082

885,820�PE 2805123PS 799684

AS AS 92394ABS ABS 348369

PP 2410807112055

PMMA 165831PVA 192386PVC 1668119PV C 67565PA 188820

14687PC 280334POM 82719PET 500469PBT 122221m�PPE 27741

9879324146650

10,911,794�

9,879,324ton

PE:25.7%PP:22.1%PVC:15.3%PS,�ABS,�AS:11.4%

17

7�2007

24%

6%

2%

1%5%

1%17%4%

16%

3%

8%

3% 10%

2007(ton)24% 30715826% 7448192% 1993761% 1626515% 6533941% 149785

17% 21710753% 436716

16% 19757153% 4202798% 9973383% 434156

10% 1244691

100% 12661577

16,616

: vol 61,No.6�p46

Film:�24%

�7

18

8�2007

100% 24,038�

8% 1,952�

16% 3,939�

36% 8,731�

9% 2,144�

5% 1,238�

25% 6,034�

total 24,038�

8%

17%

36%9%

5%

25%

, vol 61,No.6p45

�8 2007

19

A-56

2011/9/28,29

1

M2

M2�4

Module�M2�4

1.2.

2.(1)2.(2)2.(3)

3.3.(1)3.(2�1)3.(2�2)3.(2�3)3.(3)3.(4)3.(5)3.(6)3.(7)

3.(8)3.(9�1)3.(9�2)3.(10)

4.4.(1)4.(2)4.(3)

5.

2

1.

�1 �2 �3

3

2.

4

�1� PP(20wt%)Gottried W.EhrensteinPolymericMaterials ,p128(2001)�HANSER

A-57

2.(1)

5

�2� (

2.(2)�,

6

3 PAN CFRP

2.(3)

� �

7 8

�1

A-58

3. 1�

9�4�5PVC

3. 2�1

1.

2.

ABS

10

3. 2�2

11

3. 2�3

12

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A-59

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13�1 14�5� pellet�3�

3.(5�)

15

�4�

��

16

�6

A-60

3.(7)

17�5

3.( 8�)

18

�7 PE

3.(9�1)

19

�8 (

3.(9�2) PS

50

20

�7

�9

A-61

3.(10)

21

�2�

22

PPE PS

PPE PA

PA EPDM

PA ABS

ABS PC

PC PBT

PC ABS

ABS PVC

PS EPDM

PP EPDM

POM PE

4.�

1.(1)

(2)�

2.

23

4.(1)

PE PP PVC PS SAN ABS PET

24

A-62

4.(2)�

PMMA POM PA PBT PC m�PPE PPS

25

4.(3)

PF UF MF EP PDAP UP PI PUR

UP:Unsaturated polyester�resinPDAP:Diallyl phthalate�resinPI:PolyimidePUR:Polyurethane

PF:Phenolic resinUF:Urea�formaldephyde resinMF:Melamine�formaldehydeEP:Epoxi resin

26

5.

27

�10 PE

�11PP

PE

PP0.9 0.91

�12 SAN

SAN

28

�13 PS CD

PS

�14

A-63

29

�15 ABS

�16 PVC

�17 PMMA F15

ABS

PVC

1.4

PMMA

30

�18

�19 POM

�20 PA (PA66+PPE+EPDM)

POM

PA

31

�21 PC

�22�PBT

�23�PET

PC

PBT

PET

32

�24 m�PPE

�25 PPS

PPS

m�PPEPPE

A-64

33

�26� PF

�27 UF

�28 MF

PF

MF

UF

34

�30 EP

�29 PDAP

�31 UP

EP

UP

PDAP

35

�33 PUR

�32 PIPI

PUR

PI

A-65

2012/2/13,14,15

1

M2

M2�5

Module�M2�5

1.1.(1)1.(2)1.(3)1.(4)1.(5)1.(6)1.(7)1.(8)1.(9)1.(10)

2.2.(1) (PE)2.(2) (PP)2(3) (PET)2.(4)2.(5) (PS)2.(6)2.(7) AS (SAN)2.(8) ABS (ABS)

ABS S�S

2.(9) PVC)2.(10) (PMMA)

3.3.(1)3.(2)3.(3) (PA)

PA6�:3.(4) (POM)3.(5) (PC)3.(6) (m�PPE)3.(7) (PBT)3.(8) (GF�PET)4.(1)4.(2)4.(3)4.(4)

2

[ ]

[ ]

��

��

3

PVCGPPSLDPE

PMMASAN

PC PAR��PSF

PES�PEI

HIPS ABS m�PPE

A PET GF�PET PPS

B HDPEPP

POMPAPBT

C LCP

100 150 200 250

A ,B ,C

1.(1)��

p89,2004,

4

�1

A-66

1.(2)

Metal Plastic

Impact�strength�ASTM�D256 IZOD

Tensile�strengthStrain�at�failureASTM�D638

5p133,2004,

HIPS,ABS,PC,PC/ABS�alloy

�1

1.(3)

6p1 ,2004,

�2

PE,TPFE,

1.(4)

7

�3 ,

p143,2004,

[Mpa],10�7cycle

/ /

PVC 170 0.29 0.15

PS 100 0.41 0.20

PA 118 0.22 0.24

PE 110 0.50 0.40

PC 98 0.15 0.09

PP 110 0.34 0.23

PMMA 278 0.35 0.22

POM 269 0.37 0.25

ABS 118 0.30 �

9,[7],18,[1965]

�2

8

A-67

1.(5)�1

2CO2 O2 N2

PE�LD 18,500 4,000 1,400 20

PE�HD 3,000 600 220 10

PP( 3,800 860 200 11

PP( 1,680 550 100 6

PET 400 60 25 27

PA6 79 20 6 145

PS 2,400 5,000 800 160

PC 1,225 200 35 80

PVC 442 150 56 40

PVD 70 <115 22 1.5

PVA 10 7 �

EVOH � 2 �

PVDC OPP 15 5�10 1.5 4 5 39 8 38 1990

1(cc/m2/atm,24hr)

at�20 ,65%RH,t=25�m

2(g/m2,24hr)

at�40 ,90%RH,t=25�m

9

�3

1.(6)

�4

0.11nm

0.1 nm

10p33,2004,

1.(7)

A D A D

11

�5

p37,2004,

1.(8)

80,

�a�b�a

12p55,2004,

�6

A-68

1.(9)�

%g/cm3

PA66,PA6 35�45 1.24

1.231.071.08

1.141.14

POM 70�80 1.54 1.25 1.41

PET 30�40 1.50 1.33 1.38

PBT 40�50 � � 1.38

PTFE 60�80 2.35 2.00 2.1

PP Isotactic) 70�80 0.95 0.85 0.905

PP Atactic) 50�60 0.95 0.85 0.896

PE�HD 70�80 1.0 0.85 0.95

PE�LD 45�55 1.0 0.85 0.92

Gottfried�W.Ehrenstein:�Plymeric Materials,p67,2001,HANSER

�4

13

1.(10)

arc�resistance)tracking�resistance)

�7 (a)� (b)

14

2.

4 ,(�CH3)

PS SANSAN

SAN

p89,200 ,15

2.(1)� (PE)

LDPE HDPE) (U�PE)

16

A-69

2.(2) (PP)

0.90 0.91

17

1. stiffness2. (environmental�stress�cracking)

2.(3) (PET)

,

A�PET PETC�PET PET

scratch�resistanceflexibility

18

2.(4)

19

8�

p117,2004,

2.(5) PS)

GPPS (General�Purpose�Polysthylene1.05g/cm3

Foamed�Styrol)

20

A-70

2.(6)

21p77,2004,

HI�PS PP EPDM ABS,HI�PS/PPE

�9

2.(7)�AS (SAN)

(AN) (ST)

PS

22

2.(8)ABS�

(AN) (ST)

1) UL

2) Low�temperature�resistance)

23

ABS S�S

24

�1�ABS� PS�HI

Gottfried�W.Ehrenstein:�Plymeric Materials,p110,2001,HANSER

A-71

2.( ) (PVC)

(moisture(water)resistance)

25

�

2.(10) (PMMA)

1.49

26

�

3.

27

3.(1)POM PA PBT PC m�PPE

::

28p105,2004,

�5

A-72

3.(2)

1.�PA66 6.�PEEK2.�PA6 7.�PFS3.�PBT 8.�PPS4.�mPPE 9.�PES5.�PC 10.�PEI

30 33Wt%

29

�10 (1.81MPa)

p69,2004,

3.(3) PA

,

PA6 : Tm=226 Tg=48 ,std.hum (2.7%),�saturated�(9.5%)PA12 : Tm=170�180 std.hum (0.7%),�saturated�(1.5%)PA11 : Tm=185 std.hum (1.1%),�saturated�(1.8%)PA6,6 : Tm=265 std.hum (2.5%)�saturated�(8.5%)�PA6,10 : Tm=210�220 std.hum (1.5%)�saturated�(3.2%)

PA12

30

PA6

PA6,6

PA6�:

31Gottfried�W.Ehrenstein:�Plymeric Materials,p244,2001,HANSER

ISO�527

f

Saturated : (8.0%)Std.hum : 23 50%RH (2.8%)Dry : (0.2%)

�11�PA6

3.(4) POM

80%

Homo�polymerCopolymer

32

A-73

3.(5) (PC)

200 30

(�100 125 )

33

3.(6)� m�PPE�

PPE HI�PS

1. 1.04�1.06 (.

PC POMABS PC

.

.

. (

.

.

.

34

3.(7) (PBT�)

PBT

35

3.(8) (GF�PET)

PET

220 242

36

A-74

4.(1)PS SAN PMMA PC

% 88�90 90 92�93 87�89

� 1.59 1.57 1.49 1.59

Tensile strength MPa 36�52 69�82 48�73 64�66

Tensile elongation�at�break

% 1.2�2.5 2�3 2�5 110�120

IZOD Impact�strength J/m 14�28 25�30 22�28 800�1000

RockWell hardness M65�90 M79�90 M80�100 M70

deflection�temperature�under�load

70�100 80�95 100 138�142

10�4/ 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7

Density g/cm3 1.06 1.07 1.19 1.20

p49,,682001,3,1ASTM 37

�11

�6

4.(2)Solvent PVC 1 PVC 2 PS ABS PE PP

10%�hydrochloric�acid �


10%�sulfuric�acid


10%��Nitric acid


sodium�hydroxide�

potassium�hydroxide �

p107(1975)

PVC 1 PVC 2

38�7�� (

Solvent PVC 1 PVC 2 PS ABS PE PP

Acetone

benzene

tetrachloromethane

Chloroform

cresol

diethyl�ether

ethyl�alcohol�

tetrahydrofuran

Toluene

xylene

trichloroethylene

Gasoline

oil

4.(2)

39

4.(3)Solvent PA POM PMMA PC PTFE

10%�hydrochloric�acid







potassium�hydroxide

p107(1975)

40�8�� (

A-75

Solvent PA POM PMMA PC PTFE

Acetone

benzene

tetrachloromethane

Chloroform

cresol

diethyl�ether

ethyl�alcohol�

tetrahydrofuran

Toluene

xylene

trichloroethylene

Gasoline

oil

4.(3)

41

4.(4) –(1)

item unit PE�LD PE�HD PP PVC PS

Density g/cm3 0.91�0.925 0.941�0.965 0.90�0.91 1.38�1.55 1.06

crystalline/��amorpous

crystalinity %

Semi�crystalline40�55



amorphous amorphous

Glass transition�TempMelting point�Range

�100110

�125135

20170

80�110�

90�100�

Vicat Softening�PointHDT(1.81MPa) A�

�35

60�6550

9045

9272

9084

Tensile�modulusElasticity

Tensile��strengthstrainelognaition

MPaMPa%%

200�4008�1020>50

600�140018�308�12>50

1300�180025�408�18>50

2700�300050�604�610�50

3100�330030�55�1.5�3

Thermal Limits��ShortLongtime

80�9060�70

80�11060�80

13090

7060

9080

N.Rao/K.O7Brien�[Design�Data�for�Plastics�Engineers],p34,1998,�HANSER

Gottfried�W.Ehrenstein[Polymeric�Materials�],2001,HANSER

Tensile�tests�;ISO�527,�

42

�9� �(1),�(2)

item unit SAN ABS PMMA PETDensity g/cm3 1.08 1.03�1.07 1.15�1.19 1.33�1.40

crystalline/��amorphous

crystalinity%

amorphous amorphous amorphous Semi�crystalline30�40


95�105�

�85/95�105�

80�90�

80255

Vicat Softening�PointHDT(1.81MPa) A� 101�104

102100

85103

19080



MPaMPa%%

3500�370065�85�2.5�5

2200�300045�652.5�315�20

3100�330060�80�2�6

2100�310055�804�7>50


9585

85�9575�85

85�9565�80

170100

4.(4) –(2)

43

item unit PA�6 PA�66 POM PC m�PPE

Density g/cm3 1.12�1.15 1.13�1.16 1.41�1.43 1.20�1.24 1.04�1.06


crystalinity

%Semi�crystalline

30�40

Semi�crystalline

35�45


amorphous amorphous


78225

90265

�70170

145�

140�


18077,(63)�

200130,(70)�

165140�,(110)�

102100�(135) (128)�



MPaMPa%%

2800/1000/60080/45/�4/25/�30/>50/�

3000/1600/80085/60/�5/20/�25/>50/�

3000�320060�758�2520� >50

2200�240055�656�7100�130

230050�553�536�45


140�16080/100

140�17080�100

110�14090�100

135100

120100

4.(5) �(1)

ASTM�method� ,p117 2004,

44�10� �(1),�(2)

Gottfried�W.Ehrenstein[Polymeric�Materials�],2001,HANSER

A-76

item unit PBT GF�PET2

PA6�GF30 2

PA66�GF33 2

PBT�GF30 2

Density g/cm3 1.30�1.32 1.55�1.70 1.35�1.42 1.33�1.34 1.48�1.53


crystalinity%


Semi�crystalline

Semi�crystalline

Semi�crystalline

Semi�crystalline


45�60226 256


180(60)� 1 210�227 200�232 230�243 196�225



MPaMPa%%

2500�280050�603.5�720�>50

9,000�9,900138�166��2.0�7.0

8,600�10,000166

2.2�3.6

7,800125�140

4�7

9,000�10,30096�131

2.0�4.0


160100

4.(5) �(2)

1 ASTM�method� ,p117 2004,2 2009,

45

A-77

1

2012.6.13/14

M2

M2�5

Module�M2�5�2

1.2.(1)(2) (PPS)(3) (PSF)(4) (PAR)(5) (LCP)(6) (PEEK)(7) (PES)(8) (PAI)(9) (PEI)(10) (PTFE)

3.(1) (PF)(2) (UF)(3) (MF)(4) (EP)(5) (UP)(6) DAP)(7) (SI)(8) (PUR)

4.(1)(2)(3)(4)

5.(1)(2)(3)(4)

6.7.(1)(2)� EVA EVOH(3)�1��2�

2

150

m�PPE

3

2.[ ]

150

120

224

4504

A-78

2.(1)

40,000 50%UL UL746B

5

at�1.82MPa

�1

PPS

LCPPESPSF

TPIPEEKPAI

at�2011.4.1

�2

2.(2)� PPS

6

�SO2�

175 160 Tg190 ,

7

2.(4)� PAR

1.21

140 175 Tg195PC

PC,PSF

8

A-79

2.(5) LCP

(

Type1 300

Type2 240

Type3:<200

9

SD(UL94V�0)�

2.(6)� PEEK�

240160

( )�

10

PEEK®�PEEK®

2.(7)� PES�

�SO2�

180 210 T 225200

PSF

11

OA

2. PAI

200

12Bushing

A-80

2.(9)� PEI1.

170 200 Tg 217

13

2.(10)� PTFE

C2F4C2H4

2.13 2.23260 325 330

0

CF2CF2 n

14

3.�[ ](1)

(2)(3)

(4)

(5)

15

3.(1) PF

(

16

A-81

3.(2)�� UF

17

3.(3)�� MF�

C N H

130

18

3.(4)�� EP�

A

A

19

3.(5)�� UP

�C=C� �COO�

FRP

FRP

130 �60

FRP UV

20

A-82

3.(6) PDAPUP

DAP

21

3.(7)�� SISi�O�Si�

. 150

�75

22

3.(8) PUR

(urethane�bond)

(Diisocyanates) (Polyol) �OH

80 100

23

4.�Elastomer)

Thermoplastic�Elastomer)

�

�

24

A-83

4.(1)

:

Hard�segment ex�.PS

25

4.(2)�

Thermoplastic�Elastomer

Pseudo�cross�linkingA�block B�block

Monomer�A Monomer�B

Fig��a��Random�copolymer

Fig��b��Block�copolymer

26

4.(3),

2

1.0

27TPE�Hardness Shire�A)Compressio

n(pe

rmanent)�strain�(%

)

Compression(permanent)�strain�(%)70 22hrsSBC:�Stylene,��PVC:PVCTPO:Olefine,��TPV:TPU:Urethane,� TPE:Polyester

4.(5)

28Seikei�kakou vol12,No12,200

TPO TPS TPEE TPAE TPU TPVC

:

TPE thermoplastic�elastomerTPO: thermoplastic�Olefinic elastomerTPS: thermoplastic�Styrene�elastomerTPEE: thermoplastic�Polyester�elastomer�TPAE: thermoplastic Polyamide�based�elastomerTPU: thermoplastic� Urethane�elastomerTPVC: :��thermoplastic�PVC�based�elastomer

A-84

5.Polymer�Alloy ]

m�PPE

PC ABS PC PS PBT ABS PA ABS

29

Polymer�Blend

Polymer�Alloy

p364,8�(1954)

� Polymer�Blend incompatible

compatible

miscible

5.(1)�

�a �b

AB

30

5.(2)�

A B

A B

Polymer�B

Polymer�A

p24�25,(2010) 31

5.(3)

/ABSm�PPEPPPA

ABSPBT/PETPMMALCP

PPE HIPS/PSPA

PBT PCPETPS

p40 2000932

A-85

6.

P 2009 33

PEPPPVCPETABSPA6

7.(1)

((Celluloid)

Cellulose�Acetate

34

CAB

7.(2)�EVA EVOH

EVAEVOH ethylene�vinylalcohol copolymer EVOH

1.19�1.14

EVA LDPE PVC

EVOH

EVA EVOH:

35

7.(3)

36

Material % MPa

ABS 0.4� 0.9 50 80 53.97 171.7

PS 0.4� 0.7 20 60 68.69 206.1

SAN 0.2 0.7 50 80 68.69 225.7

EVA 0.2 0.7 50 80 103 274.8

PP 1.0 2.5 20 90 68.69 137.8

PP�GF40% 0.2 0.8 20 90 68.69 137.8

HDPE 2.0 6.0 10 60 68.69 137.8

PMMA 0.1 0.4 40 90 68.69 137.8

PA6 0.5 1.5 40 120 34.34 137.8

PA66 0.8 1.5 30 90 34.34 137.8

POM 2.0 2.5 60 120 68.69 137.8

PBT GF30% 0.2 0.8 40 80 54.95 176.6

PC 0.5 0.7 80 120 68.69 137.8

PPS�GF40% 0.2 0.4 130 150 34.34 137.8

m�PPE 0.1 0.5 80 90

PET 0.2 0.4 70 100

A-86

�1�item unit PPS PSF PAR 1 LCP type

GF�30specific�gravity g/cm3 1.34 1.24�1.25 1.21 1.62

crystalline/��amorphouscrystalinity %

Semicrystalline amorphou Amorphous Semicrystalline


85�95285�290

185�190�

193280

HDT(1.81MPa) A� (110)� 1 (174)� 1 175 240

Tensile�modulus ElasticityTensile��strength

strainelongation

Bending�modulus�Elasticity

MPaMPa%%MPa

370075�85�4�53,700

2500�270070�805.5�620�>50

210070�60

210

2.215,000


260200

170150 150

Tim�A.Osswald/Georg�Menges.Materials�Science�of�Polymer�for�Engineers,p8,2003,�HANSER 37

1 ASTM�method� ,p118 2004,

2� (2009)

item unit PEEK PES PAI 1 PEI PTFE

Density g/cm3 1.32 1.37 1.38 1.27 2.14�2.20


crystalinity%

Semi�crystalline�30

amorphous amorphous amorphous Semi�crystalline55�90


145335

225�230�

280�

215�230�

125�130325�330

HDT(1.81MPa) A� (168)� 1 (204)� 1 (204)� 1 (200)� 1


Tensile��strengthstrainelongation

MPaMPa%%

37001005>50

2600�280080�905.5�6.520�80

5,0001508

2900�3000856�7>50

390�55014��30�200�400


300(240)

210180

�230

190(170)

280240

�1 �(2)

1 ASTM�method� ,p118 2004, 38

item unit PF EP 2 PUR 2 UP 3 PDAP

specific�gravity g/cm3 1.37�1.46 1.11�1.40 1.03�1.50 1.35�2.30 1.70�1.98

HDT(1.81MPa) A� 149�188 149�260 177�260 177�290

Tensile�modulus ElasticityTensile��strengthTensile��elongationBending strength

MPaMPa%MPa

5,500�11,70034�620.4�0.848�96

2,40027�893.0�6.0

70�6901�69100�10,0005�62

5,500�113,800103�2071.0�5.069�207

9,700�15,20041�763.05.062�138

Thermal Limits��ShortLongtime 150 130 130

Gottfried�W.Ehrenstein [Polymeric�Materials],�2001,�HANSER

�2�

123

39

2009 p485�

HDT:�heat�distortion�temperature,DTUL:�deflection�temperature�under�load

A-87

1

2012.6.20

M2

M2�6

Module�M2�6M5�8

1.2.(1)(2)(3) CIE�X.Y.Z(4)(5)

3.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)

(9)(10)(11)(12)4.(1)(2)(2) ABS(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)

2

3

2.

380�780nm

�2 �3�1 4

A-88

2.(2)

hue

brightness

chroma

5

2.(3)�CIE�X.Y.Z

XYZ(R G B )

x,�y,�Z 3Y xy �4 XYZ

x y

E

� 4XYZ6

2.(4)

5Y 5PB

�5

7

2.(5)

RGB� Red,�Green,�Blue X.Y.Z x,�y

X.Y.Z x,�y

CIE CIE�XYZ

�6�

p11(1966) 8

A-89

9

3.(1)

10

3.(2)

�7

p17�(1966)

incident�light

reflected�light

scattered�light

transmitted�beam

synchrotron�radiationabsorption

refraction

11

3.(3)

pigment;�colorant

Inorganic�pigments

12

organic�coloring�matter

DyesOrganic�pigments�

A-90

3.(4)dye

anthraquinone dye

azo dye�N=N�)

oil�soluble�dyestuff

pigment

300

13

3.(5)

�8

p237�(1989) �9 14

3.(6)

PVC PVC

PVC,�PS,ABS,�PET,�Nylon

,PVC)

PE

PVC

PVC PVCPVC

15

3.(7)PVC paste�color

PVC PVC

PVC

liquid�color)

PS,ABS,PVC,PET(Nonionic�surfactant), �

16

A-91

3.(8)

p434(1989)

�10Liquid�color�system

System�1

System�2

Natural�Resin

Injection�molding�machine

Liquid�color�vessel

Metering�pump

17

3.(9)�dry�powder color

(dispersing�agent)

1�2mm

vehicle) 18

3.(10)masterbatch 5 50wt%

20

5/100 5

19

3.(11)

p440(1989)

kneader

pelletizer

Extruders cooling�pool

Banbury type�mixer�

Henshel type�mixer�

Row�materials

�11�

20

A-92

3.(12)

p442(1989)

Measures Blend Molding

ResinMaster�batch

Line

Resin

Master�Batch

Line�2 Line�3

Resin

Master�batch

the�automatic�Measuring�Instruments,Mixing

�12

21

4.(1)PVC

[ ]: ultramarine.

[ ](a) (b) (c) (d)

c>b>a>d

p36�192(1996)

22

4.(2)

PS yellowing

PS

[ ]

23

4.(3)ABSABS[ ]

ABS PS PMMA

ABS

[ ]�

24

A-93

4.(4)

[ ]

120 220 180 2300 220 300

[ ]

25

4.(5)

[ ]200 220 .

[ ]

26

4.(6)

[ ]

[ ]

27

4.(7)

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

28

A-94

4.(8)

[ ]

[ ]

29

4.(9)

[ ]

[ ]

30

A-95

1

2012/10/15,16

M2

M2�7

Module�M2�7

1.2.(1)PVC�(2)�PE�(LDPE)�(3)�PE�(HDPE)�(4)�PP�(5)�PS�(6)�ABS(7)�SAN�(AS)(8)�PMMA�(9)�PET�3.(1) PA�(2)�POM�(3)�PC�(4)�m�PPE�(5)�PBT�(6)�GR�PET

4.(1) PPS�(2) LCP(3) PES�(4) PAR�(5) PSF�(6) PEI�(7) PTFE�(8)�PEEK�(9)�PAI�5.(1) PF(2)MF(3)UF(4)EP(5)UP(6)SI(7)PUR(8)PDAP

2

1.�

OA,

PC/PBT

PC

EVOH

3

2.(1)PVC�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

PVC

PVC

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)(8) (9) (10)

4

A-96

2.(2)PE LDPE)�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8)

LLDPE

5

2.(3)PE HDPE)�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7)

HDPP

6

2.(4)PP�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11)

,

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8) (9) (10) (11)

7

2.(5)PS� (GPPS,�HIPS)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

CD

:��

:

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

GPPS PS

8

A-97

2.(6)ABS

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

,

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7)

9

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

2.(7)SAN(AS)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

SAN SAN

10

2.(8)PMMA�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

OA

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

11

2.(9)PET�

(1) (2 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

C�PET)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) (8)

A�petC�PET)

12

PP

A-98

3.(1)PA

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

PA66(PA66) (PA6)

PA6PA6

Note (1) (2) (3) (4)(5) (6) (7)

PA6GF30 PA6GF30 PA6,6GF,PA6,1013

3.(2)POM�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

OA

DVD�ROM

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

14

3.(3)PC�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

CD DVD

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8)

15

3.(4)m�PPE�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

LED IC

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)(8)

16

A-99

3.(5)PBT�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

�

OA

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7)

� PBT

17

3.(6)GR�PET

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8)

18

4.(1)PPS�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

CD,DVD

Note (1) (2) , (3) (4) (5) (6)(7)

PPS

19

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8)

4.(2)LCP

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

CD

SD

20

A-100

4.(3)PES�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

OAIC

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8) (9)

21

4.(4)PAR�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)(8) (9)

22

4.(5)PSF�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

�

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7) (8) (9)

23

4.(6)PEI�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) (8) (9)

24

A-101

4.(7)PEEK�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

ABSAT

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) (8)

25

4.(8)PAI�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) (8)

26

4.(9)PTFE�

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

,

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7) (8)

27

5.(1)PF

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) , (5)(6)

28p223(2011)

A-102

5.(2)MF

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7)

29

5.(3)UF

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

,

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7)

30

5.(4)EP

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

,

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6)

�II CFRP)

31

5.(5)UP

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Note (1) (2) , (3) (4)(5)

FRTP

32

A-103

5.(6)SI

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

33

5.(7)PUR

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

RIM

Note (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)(6) (7)

34

5.(8)PDAP

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

Note (1)� (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)(7)

PDAP

35

A-104

2.�

M2�8

2012/10/172013/2/112013/6/11

1

Module�M2�81.2.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)

3.(1)(2)

4.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)

5.(1)(2)(3)(4)

6.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)

7.8.(1)(2) Tg HDT(3)(4)(5)(6) ASTM� IZOD

2

1)

2)

3)

4) JIS ASTM ISO

3

2.

1)

(1)

2)

(1)

4

A-105

2.(1)1)

1013.25hPa 4

Where�� specific��gravity

massvolume

�4� 4 DensityH2O1.000g 3

� ��4

W1gW2gW3g

(W2 W1) (w3�w1)

2)ASTM�D792

�15

2.(2)

1)

2) :ASTM�D570,JIS�K7209,ISO�62,��A

(Wt%)

PTFE 0.00

PE <0.01

PP <0.01

(Wt%)

PVC�(rigid)PVC�(soft)

0.07�0.40.5�1.0

ABS 0.2�0.6

PS 0.01�0.03

PMMA 0.1�0.4

PC 0.15

POM�(Homo) 0.25�0.40

PA6 1.3�1.91�

6

2.(3)

1)

ESC2)

JIS�K7114 ISO�175 JIS�K�6911� JIS�K7108 ISO6252

7

2(4)

1)2)

JIS�K�7105JIS�K7105 JIS�K7142 ISO489

JIS�K7105JIS�K7105 K7136 K7361�1 ISO14782 13468�1

8

A-106

2(5)1)

2) :JIS�K7125B,�ASTM�D3985�05GTR=Vc/(R T Pv A (dp/dt)[mol/m2S Pa]JIS�K7129 (g/m2/24hr)=240�m/(t S)

�2� �39

3.1)

2)

103 107 S�1

10

3.(1)1) M.F.R

2)JIS�K7210,ISO1133,ASTM�D1238

Temperature Load g Applied

190 2160 PE,POM,PP

200 5000 ABS,PP

230 2160 PP

275 325 PA6.6

280 2160 PC

�4 POM MFR �2�M.F.R

p2011

3.(2)

1)

2)

�5 PC �6

�8 3 pin

12

A-107

4.1)

2)

3) [ ]

13

4.(1)1)

2)ASTM�D638��,JIS�K7113,ISO527,

�7 �

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Note(1) (2) PMMA,�GPPS,FP(3) Rigid�PVC,SAN (4) Soft�PVC,�LDPE,PP(5) ABS,�POM,�PC

�3 Stress�Strain�Carve�Type

14

4.(2)1)

2)ASTM�D790,JIS�K7203,ISO�178

3

Load

�8��

Load

Load

R

15

4.(3)1)

Strain Stress2)

JIS�K7181 ISO�604 ASTM�D695�892

�9�� 2��

Load

Shear�stress

Stress

Strain

Yield�pointBreak�point

0.2%Stress

0.2%

16

A-108

4.(4)1)

2):

IZOD�impact� strength�test (ASTM�D2794,JIS�K7110,ISO180)Charpy�impact��strength�test�(ISO179,JIS�K7111).

�9��Izot Charpy impact�strength�test

Izot impact

Hammer

Test�specimen

Impactnotch

notch

impact

17

Charpy�impact�test Impact�Machine

4.(5)1)

PV

2)

JIS�K7218

F/W F= W=

�11

�10

�3

Load

18

4.(6)1) 1

2)JIS�K�7118 ASTM�D638�

�14

�13 S�N

1

�12 S�N

19

4.(7)1) Creep

2)JIS�K�715, ASTM�D2990

�15�� 16�

20

A-109

4.(8)1)2)

JIS�K7202�2,ISO2039�2 ASTM�D785Rockwell�hardness, ) ,

Load (N)Diameter�ofthe steel�ball

(mm)Resin

R 588.4 12.7 PE,PA,

L 588.4 6.35 PA

M 980.7 6.35 Thermosettingresin

E 980.7 3.175 PS,PMMA

�4��

�4�

�17��

21

51)

2)

M2�1 sheet#20�2722

5.(1)1)2)

JIS�K7123 DSC� ASTM�D177

The�disk�heat�flux�meter�method

� � �/�C d� � A STM�D792

TMA Thermo�mechanical�Analysis

�5�� 23

5.(2)1)

DTUL�Deflection�Temperature�Under�LoadJIS�K�7191,�ISO�75,�ASTM�D�648�

Vicat softening�temperature K7206 ISO�306Ball�pressure�temperature)

Bbrittle�temperature JIS�K7216

50

�6�

24

A-110

5.(3)1)

2): UL746�B16

3 50

�18� �19

hr%hrs

�7

25

5.(4)1)

2)

UL Underwriters�Laboratories ;UL96 5 1/2 1/8inch

J IIS�7201,ISO�4589�1

�21�20�UL94 �8

26

6.1)

*1 *2

2)1234

Note�*1)*2)

electrical�properties�

M2�1� slide#34M2�5 slide#14

27

6.(1)1)2)

IEC60093,�ASTM�D257,JIS�K6911,�JIS�K6271Volume resistivity testSurface�resistivity��test

�22 Connection�of�the�electrode(Left)�Volume�resistivity,�(Right)�Surface�resistivity

Volume resistivity

Surface�resistivity

Surface�electrode�

Back�side�electrode

guard

guardBack�side�electrode

Surface�electrode�

�9�

28

A-111

6.(2)1)

2)

IEC60243,�ASTM�D149,JIS�C2110max�70kV IEC60243,�ASTM�D149,�JIS�C2110

,� ,� 1RT 200 ,�

�10 100kV�10kVA �2329

6.(3)

1)2)

ASTM�D495 2

IEC60112 4 JIS�C2134

�11� �1230

6.(4)1)

,

2)IEC60250,�ASTM�D150)

/

31

6.(5)

Vol15,No8,p564 2003

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37

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Vol15,No8,p564 2003

18.6kg

38

8.(3)

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39

8.(4)

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strength(MPa)

Bendingstrength(MPa)

Tensile�elasticity(MPa)

Bend�elastic�constant(MPa)

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A-114

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deflection�temperature�under�load

( )

bend�elastic�constant(Gpa)

Tensilestrength(Mpa)

General�purpose�plastic� 0.9�1.1 50�150 1�5 25�50

Engineering�plastic 1.0�1.5 150�200 4�10 40�160

super�engineering�plastics� 1.2�1.5 200^300 5�15 70�200

high�tension�steel 7.8 1000 210 1400

aluminum 2.7 500 73 510

Note

41 42

8.(6).1�ASTM�D638�Tensile�properties�of�Plastics�test

terms unit DefinitionTensile stress MPa =W/A�0 where A0=original�cross�sectional area

W=Load

Tensile strength MPa T=Wmax/A��where A0=original�cross�sectional areaW=Load

Tensaile strain % = L/L0��where L0�=Original�distance��between�gage�marks�L =Increment distance��between�gage�marks�=elongation

Total�strain ,at�break % �U=(LU�L0)/L0��where L0=Original�distance��between�gage�marks�LU=Distance��between�gage�marks�at�moment�of�rupture��

Modulus�of�Elasticity MPa E=S1(stress)/e1(strain)

(tangent�modulus�of�Elasticity)

43

8.(6).2�ASTM�D790�Flexure properties�of�Plastics Test

terms unit DefinitionMaximum�Fiber�Stress

MPa S=3PL/2bd2where S=stress�in�the�outer�fibers�at�midspan [Mpa]

P=Load�at�a�given�point��on�the�load�deflection�curve�[Mpa]L=support�span�[m]b=width�of�beam�tested�[m],andd=depth�of�beam�tested�[m]

Flexural�StrengthBending�Strength

MPa

Maximum�strain�in�the�outer�fibers�mm/mm�,

mm/mm

r=6Dd/L2where r=Maximum�strain�in�the�outer�fibers�mm/mm�,

D=Maximum�Deflection of�center�of�the� beam�[mm]L=support�span�[mm],andd=depth��[mm]

Modulus�of�Elasticity MPa EB=L3m/4bd3where EB=modulas of�Elasticity in�bending [Mpa]

m=slpoe of�the�tangent�to�the�initial��straight�–line��portion�of�the��load�deflection�curve�[Mpa]of�deflection

L=support�span�[m]b=width�of�beam�tested�[m],andd=depth�of�beam�tested�[m]

44

8.(6).3�ASTM�D695Compressive�properties�of�Rigid�Plastics�test�

terms unit Definition

Compressive StrengthMPa c=Wmax/A0

where�Wmax=Maximum�compressive�LoadA0=original�minimum�cross�sectional area�of�the�specimen

Compressive Yield�Strength

MPa cyield=Wmax/A0where�W= compressive�Load�carried�specimen�at�the�yield�pointA0=original�minimum�cross�sectional area�of�the�specimen

Modulus�of�Elasticity MPa Ec= (�2� �1)�/� (�2��1)where Ec=modulas of�Elasticity in�compressiving [Mpa]

m=slpoe of�the�tangent�to�the�initial��straight�–line��portion�of�the��load�deflection�curve�[Mpa]of�deflection

�=�the�compressive��stress�,measure�from�the�point�where��the�extended tangent� line�intersect�the�strain�–axis.

A-115

45

8.(6).4�ASTM�D256�Impact�Resistance�of�plastics�test�

terms unit Definition

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width�of�specimen�shall�be�in�accordance�with�section.h= The�thickness�of�the�notch�portion�of�the�test�specimen[mm]

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メキシコ国 プラスチック成形技術 人材育成プロジェクト · メキシコ国...

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メキシコ国プラスチック成形技術人材育成プロジェクト · メキシコ国...