good morning
DESCRIPTION
Good Morning. 10 June 2002. Perioperative Stroke Prevention. R 2 林子富. Anaesthesia 1997;52:879-83. Incidence 0.02 to 0.7% In the postoperative period (the majority events) The average time : 7 days after surgery Anaesthesia 1997;52:879-83 Significance High mortality - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Good Morning
10 June 2002
Perioperative Stroke Prevention
R2 林子富
Anaesthesia 1997;52:879-83
Incidence 0.02 to 0.7% In the postoperative period (the majority events)
The average time : 7 days after surgery
Anaesthesia 1997;52:879-83
Significance High mortality Assisted care for living Large impact and cost
Risk Factors
Perioperative period itself Type of surgery Coexisting conditions Cardiac disease Age Others
hypotension, dehydration, hypercoagulable state and emergency surgery
Anesthesiology 2000;92:425-32
Pathophysiology
Intraoperative hypotension Thrombotic or embolic events – more impo
rtant Hypercoagulable state after surgery Others
Extended bad rest Thrombogenic devices Dehydration
Stroke 1982;13:766-73
Prevention
Identifying patients at risk (ex. CVA)
Altering risk factors (ex. delay surgery for 4-6 wk)
Carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis? Consumption of aspirin? Control of hypertension Good anesthetic technique Effect of anesthetic agents on postoperative hyper
coagulability (ex. propofol)
Anaesth Intensive Care 2000;28:227-28
Cerebral Protection
Techniques To increase the supply of oxygen to the injur
ed tissue To reduce the metabolic demands To affect specific pathways in the ischemic c
ascade to reduce the production of unwanted metabolites
Cerebral Protection
I. Physiological BP maintained within 20% of normal range Maintain CPP greater than 70 mm Hg Hemodilution Maintain normocarbia Mild hypothermia Treat fever aggressively Avoid hyperglycemia
Cerebral Protection
II. Anesthetic Agents Barbiturates Isoflurane Propofol Lidocaine
Anesthesiology 1999;90:1446-53
Anesthesiology 2000;93:858-75
Cerebral Protection
III. Other Pharmacological Agents Calcium antagonist Magnesium• Other agents under investigation
• Prostanoids
• Free radical scavengers
• Lipid membrane peroxidation inhibitors
• NMDA receptor antagonists
Stroke 1992;23:3-8
Summary
Uncommon but devastatingKnowledge of important risk factorsMeasures to prevent ischemic cerebral even
tsCurrent and experimental pharmaceutical a
gents
Have A Nice Day