how to learn senior 2 english well

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How to learn Senior 2 English Well Zhong Haifa No.1 High School of Ruijin,Jiangxi 2012,03,30

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How to learn Senior 2 English Well. Zhong Haifa No.1 High School of Ruijin,Jiangxi 2012,03,30. 一,2013年高考的几点信息. 1) 科目设置的变化. 1. 招生考试制度的变化. (摘自于:江西省高考改革方案( 2011 )). ▲  “ 3” 指语文、数学(文史类 / 理工类)和外语三个科目,是所有考生必考的科目。 ▲文科综合包括政治、历史、地理三个科目,文史类的考生必须参加文科综合考试; - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

How to learn Senior 2 English Well

Zhong Haifa

No.1 High School of Ruijin,Jiangxi

2012,03,30

Page 2: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

一, 2013年高考的几点信息

Page 3: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

1. 招生考试制度的变化

年份 类别 考试科目

2011—2012

3 + 文科综合 /理科综合

2013年起 本科 3+文科综合 /理科综合

高职(专科)

3+技术(信息技术和通用技术)

1) 科目设置的变化

(摘自于:江西省高考改革方案( 2011 ))

Page 4: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

▲  “ 3” 指语文、数学(文史类 / 理工类)和外语三个科目,是所有考生必考的科目。

▲ 文科综合包括政治、历史、地理三个科目,文史类的考生必须参加文科综合考试;

▲ 理科综合包括物理、化学、生物三个科目,理工类的考生必须参加理科综合考试。

▲ 报考艺术或体育类本科的考生必须在报考文史类或理工类的同时兼报艺术或体育,再加考相关术科。 技术学科包括信息技术和通用技术

▲ 2013 年起,报考高职(专科)类的普通文理考生必须参加技术学科考试。但报考高职(专科)艺术或体育类的考生只须参加语文、数学、外语和相关艺术专业或体育术科考试

摘自于:江西省高考改革方案( 2011 ))

Page 5: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

2) . 考生报考方面有何变化?▲2011—2012 年考生报考与往年一样。▲从 2013 年起,由于实行分类考试,考试科目有所不同,

考生可以根据自己的实际情况选择兼报或者单报 ,即 :

报考本科类的考生可以兼报高职(专科)类 ;

报考高职(专科)类的考生也可以兼报本科类▲ 必须注意的是 : 选择兼报的同时,考试科目会有所增加。 本科兼报高职(专科)类的必须参加信息技术和通用技

术考试。

摘自于:江西省高考改革方案( 2011 ))

Page 6: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

3 )为什么从 2013 年起实行分类报考?

▲ 有利于扩大高校办学自主权,使得高校招收更适合本校培养的合格新生。

▲ 有利于扩大学生的自主选择权,在一定程度上减轻相当部分考生的考试和心理压力。

▲ 有利于平稳过渡,积极稳妥推进高考改革,更好地适应经济社会发展对多样化人才的需求。

摘自于:江西省高考改革方案( 2011 ))

Page 7: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

2. 英语科考试要求与考试题型的变化1 )江西高考英语考纲词汇要求的变化

▲ 2011 年高考考纲要求的词汇量是: 3000 字▲ 2012 年高考考纲要求的词汇量为: 3230 字▲ 2013 年高考考纲要求的词汇量为: 3500 字 (国家考试大纲的要求: 3500 字)

(摘自于: 2012 年江西省高考英语科考试说明)

Page 8: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

2 )江西高考英语科题型的变化▲ 完型填空: 2011 年: 250 词数 2012 年: 300 词数 2013 年: 350

词数▲ 阅读理解: 2011 年: 300 左右词/篇 (总词数: 1200 词数) 2012 年: 350 词/篇 (总词数: 1400 词数) 2013 年: 400 词/篇 (总词数: 1600 词数)▲ 阅读理解的题目数: 5 题/篇 --6( 4 )题/篇▲ 阅读表达: 1 )短文转述填空—短文信息简要回答 2 )开放式的问题 3 )代词的指代可以使用其他代词( it, they, that, those,

so, to, )(摘自于: 2012 年江西省高考英语科考试说明)

Page 9: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

( 1 )短文信息简要回答例如:根据短文内容的信息在下列句子中填上恰当的词Wang Ying borrowed so much money from her parents to______• ( key: take part in the investment )该题改为:根据短文的内容简要回答下列问题。Why did Wang Ying borrow so much money?Key: She wanted to take part in the investment (participate in, join in ,enter into)区别:有表达的成分,要求准确使用(人称,时态,非谓语,助

动词)要点: 1) 简要( brief, concise and to the point) 简单扼要,抓

住关键词语 2) 回答:准确表达 .

Page 10: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

( 2 )开放式的问题80.What other benefit does doing exercise have?说明:本小题为开放性问答,文章中锻炼的好处除减肥外

还介绍了五条。因此,本小题要求考生能答出除上述六条之外的 benefits ,只需要列举两条不重复文章所列,又合情合理的即可给分。

以下列举几条可能用上的答案:Lower your blood pressure. Reduce the risk of diseases. May add a few years to life. Increase Self-Esteem.Increase Mental Focus. Enhance quality of sleep.

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例 2 :Do you want to become a village official? What

reasons?◆ make much money

◆become an official

◆help (support) my family

◆serve for the people (villagers)

◆ our villagers become rich

◆ the poor condition

优点 :不会约束学生的思维,鼓励学生积极思考,尊重学生的个性

要点: 1 )选择好自己熟悉的内容。 2 )自己能力准确表达的词语与句式

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二,目前英语学习的困境1.花了时间,没有明显的效果; 单词难记,易遗忘; 语法枯燥,难理解 课文太长,难记住

2. 多次的失败(受打击) 对英语没有学习兴趣 对(提高)英语失去信心 考试,练习,训练;屡战屡败,屡败屡战

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三,应对英语学习困境的几种策略

1 )分析原因 反思英语学习方法 方法不当的几种现象:▲背单词的方法不当,机械重复,枯燥乏味。▲忽视课文内容的学习与掌握。▲ 英语学习的时间分配不恰当。 时间是怎么样花的?(没有定期 , 定时的复习) ▲ 不认真分析过每一道试题错误的原因。错误点归类 知识缺失 (某一类词法活,句法掌握不实) 能力不足 (理解分析能力不强,尤其是长难句的分析与理解难把握)

考试经验 粗心,没有休息好,没有准备好; 考试时间没有把握好; 书写潦草,涂卡不规范 )

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2 )调整心态:

▲急于求成( rush for quick results ) 不要期望立竿见影; 英语知识是一个慢慢积累的过程; 英语运用能力是慢慢训练与提高的过程。 功到自然成,需要耐心与毅力 你期望的效果是什么? (期望值过高,脱离实际, )

▲ 理科学习的心态 英语的练习不要与数学(理综)学科比较; 3 )寻找解决办法

Page 15: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

四,摆脱英语学习困境的方法1. 加强英语学习的目的性,明确英语学习的重要性

目的性是什么?(当前前目的:未来的目的:)

★不要自我找借口:英语基础差,不能提高了★努力寻找学习英语的动力 生存与发展的需要 穷则思变 :

Poverty gives rise to the desire for change

Page 16: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

The night scene of Yangshuo, Guilin

A lack of confidence/strength of will

Page 17: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

★要懂得学好英语的实用性

1 )高考的需要2 )拿毕业证书大学的需要3 )考试的需要(考研,出国留学)4 )评定职称的需要

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2.紧扣语言的关键内容1. 基础语言知识:词汇( vocabulary )语音:词形: 词义:语法( grammar )

词法词性:十大词性: n,vi/vt,adj.adv,conj.prep.num.pron.art

2. 语言运用的基本能力(听,说,读,写,译)

Page 19: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

Morphology ( 词法 )词类 缩写 作用 句法功能

实义词

名词 n. 表示人或事物的名称 充当主语、宾语和表语等

代词 pron. 代替名词或数词 同上

形容词 adj. 表示人或事物的性质和特征 充当定语、表语等

数词 num. 表示数量或顺序 充当主、表、宾、定和状语等

动词 v. 表示动作或状态 充当谓语 (非谓语 )

副词 adv. 说明动词、形容词或其他副词 充当状语

结构词

冠词 art. 表示名词的泛指或特指 帮助构成名词词组

介词 prep. 表示名词或代词与其他词的关系 帮助构成介词词组

连词 conj.连接词与词,短语与短语,句子与句子

感叹词 int. 表示说话时的感情

Page 20: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

搭配:例: The costume shop has been shut ,with the boss___ in front

of it and reading today’s newspaper

A. sat B. seated C. seating D. sit

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考纲要求掌握的句法1)四大句型:名词性从句(宾语从句,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从

句)形容词性从句(定语从句)副词性从句 (状语从句)特殊句式 (倒装句,强调句,反义问句,省略句,感叹句)2)几种动词语用特殊形式:时态语语态,非谓语,主谓一致3 )句子的基本结构: 1.s + v

2.s + be + p

3.s + v + o

4.s + vt + o1 + o2

5.s + vt+ o+ c

Page 22: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

掌握句子结构的意义1). 并列句( compound sentence) 两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句 .结构为”简单句 +并列连词

+ 简单句“ 或 中间由“;”连接。并列连词 (Coordinate Conjunction) 或连接副词 (conjunctive adverbs) 根据含义不同分为 :如:

We help them and they help us. He is well over seventy, but he doesn't look at all old.The earth attracts bodies toward its center, so all bodies fall in a direct line toward that point.

.She not only writes her own plays, she also acts in them. She trained hard all year yet still failed to reach her best form.

2). 复合句( complex sentence). 由一个主句( Principal Clause) 和一个或一个以上的从句 (Subordinate

Clause)构成 . 主句是全句的主体 , 可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分 , 不能独立存在 ; 从句不能单独成句 ,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词( connective )引导。

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做做看1) He is rich,,______ he isn't happy

A. or       B. so       C. and      D. but

2) I will wait___ should be done has been done.

A. till which  B. unless that C. till what D. whether it

3) It won’t be long _____ we take the entrance exams.

A. before  B. until      C. after          D. that

4)____more clothes, it's very cold outside.

A. Put on B. Wearing C. To put on D. Putting on

.

Page 24: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

3.懂得语言的内在规律,采取科学有效的方法

• 1 )认识词汇构成的基本特征,把握词汇组成的特点。• 2. 理清语法知识的内容,条理系统重组语法体系,方便

准确的记忆

Page 25: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

四,如何科学识记词汇

1. 词汇输入的过程;听说读写并用2. 学会运用(写,说)造句,记日记,写作3. 如何处理遗忘的问题 1 )自然现象 2 )注意复现4.认识单词的特点,充分运用比较法

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1,按词义角度来归纳与比较

通过对同义词或近义词的归纳,能清楚某一词义有可能表达形式;同时要注意其用法上的一些微观的差别

例如:“喜欢”be fond of sb/doing sth. 喜欢的程度比 love弱,比 like强love sb/sth. ①(=like sth greatly), 程度最高,语气最强,②很深的感情like sb/sth.(to do/doing sth) ①(=find sb/sth pleasant)最常用词;②定期会做某事。enjoy oneself(doing)sth.做某事中享受到愉快(好处)be keen on(doing) sth. ①(=be interested in.)热衷于;② (=be fond of)喜爱be into(doing)sth.仅用于口语中,对某事感兴趣,非常喜欢delight(take)(no,great)pleasure in (doing)sth.喜欢做某事,以做某事为乐go in for(doing)sth. 以做某事为乐趣,强调习惯性(兴趣性)的喜欢。go in for(doing)sth. 以做某事为乐趣,强调习惯性(兴趣性)的喜欢prefer(vt.=like sth better) 选择某事,表相比较的喜欢

Page 27: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

“美丽”

• beautiful(adj)最普通用词,常用来修饰女人(花景色,诗歌,嗓音),下列词表 beautiful 中的一部分。

• handsome(adj) 多用于男人和小孩子的英俊,庄重(健壮,文雅)及女人的五官端庄。

• pretty(adj) 多用于女人(小孩子)长得“秀气,匀称,苗条”;语气较弱• smart(adj)穿着款式,使人显得“帅”• lovely(adj) 指外貌的“美,可爱”,表达说话人的赞赏,喜爱• good-looking(adj) 指给人的第印象很好,语气弱,修饰男性或女性• attractive(adj)吸引力,魅力• nice(adj) 指讨人喜欢,或指容貌,言行,穿着• fair(adj) 指肌肤白,细嫩,头发金黄

Page 28: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

2.按词形角度来归纳与比较1) 单词:angle (n. 角度,角 ) angel (n. 天使;守护神;善人 ) anger (n. 怒,愤怒;忿怒 )

flesh ( n. 肉;肉体 ) fresh ( adj. 新鲜的;清新的;淡水的;无经验的 )

staff (n. 职员;参谋;棒;支撑 ) stuff (n. 东西;材料;填充物;素材资料 )wonder wanderadopt adapt adjust2 )短语in case in case of instead instead of because because of

例: 2008 年高考江西卷 22. My English teacher’s humor was ____ make every student burst into laughter. A. so as to            B. such as to C. such that           D. so that

Page 29: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

N.( U不可数名词) N+S( C,复数形式)

mean (中间,中庸 )

means (手段,手法 )

work (工作 ) works (工厂。著作 )

paper (纸 ) papers (文件,试卷 )

good (好处,善 ) goods (货物 ,动产 )

wood (材 ) woods (树林 )

custom (风俗 ) customs (海关 )

sand (沙 ) sand (沙滩,沙漠 )

time (时间 ) times (时代,时期 )

manner (态度方 式 )

manners (礼貌 )

look (脸色,外貌 ) looks (相貌,仪表 )

water (水) waters (水域,领海 )

iron (铁 ) irons (镣铐 )

word (谣言 ) words (说的话 )

glass (玻璃 ) glasses (几个玻璃杯,眼镜 )

cloth (布 ) clothes (衣服)

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4.构词法

im-(=in) importation

ex-( =out ) exportation

trans-(across) transportation

im-(=in) immigration (immigrant)

e(x)-( =out ) emigration (emigrant)

port (n. 港口,口岸; )

migrate ( 移居; )

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比较

1)– er (阳性名词) / ess (阴性名词actor, actress;

waiter waitress

god, goddess;

poet, poetess

2)– er( 主人 )及– ee (从)employer , employee;

interviewer, interviewee

3) dis-/un-

disable unable

dislike unlike unlikely

Page 32: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

建立联想是记忆单词的重要方法。我们还可以根据概念或者功能将词分组记忆。——胡文仲

(北京外国语大学副校长,教授,博导,《外国文学》主编。高校外语专业教材编审委员会副主任、主任;高校外语专业教学指导委员会主任;欧美同学会副会长;国务院学位委员会外文学科组成员 )

5. 词根联想记忆法

Page 33: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

例如: ablaze adj. 闪耀的

abnormal adj. 异常的 abolish v. 废除;取消 aboriginal n. 土著; adj. 土著的,原来的 abortive adj. 失败的;流产的;早产的 abridge v. 缩短,删节 absolute adj. 绝对的 absolve v. 赦免;解除(责任) absorb v. 吸收,吸引;并吞 absorbing adj. 引人入胜的

杨过看到远处 ablaze 的鬼火,感觉事情有些 abnormal ,于是临时决定abolish 英雄大会, absolve 了李莫愁的罪过,以 absorb 更多的人加入到对付金轮法王的战斗中。而 abortive 的法王为了 abridge 与杨过的实力差距, absorb了 aboriginal 的勇士,这样的对决在当时是 absolute absorbing 大新闻

Page 34: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

归类法例如:动物

• 宠物: cat, dog, goldfish, parrot, rabbit等• 野生动物: bear, dolphin, giant panda, kangaroo,

squirrel, tiger, camel, fox, giraffe, lion, monkey, polar bear, tortoise, wolf, zebra等

• 鸟类: crane, seagull, sparrow, swan, eagle等

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看: gaze, glance, glimpse, look, notice, observe, peer, see, stare, witness

Yesterday I glanced (匆匆一看 ) out of the window and noticed ( 注意到 ) a man observing (观察 ) a house opposite through a telescope. I thought I glimpsed (瞥见 ) a woman inside the house. Then I saw (看见 ) someone else peering (仔细看 ) into the window of the same house. I gazed (凝视 ) at them wondering what they were doing. Suddenly the first man stopped staring ( 注视 ) through his telescope. He went and hit the other one on the head with the telescope and I realized that I had witnessed ( 目击 ) a crime.

( 说明: glimpse, peer, gaze 是非课标词汇,但高考中出现过 )

按功能意念分类

Page 36: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

合成法 a warm-hearted man a cold-blooded animal a noble-minded person a good-tempered professor a three-legged stool…………………………………………………… a five-year plan a two-hour meeting a one-way street a first-class cabin a second-hand car

Page 37: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

短语动词 以动词为中心

get about, get along,

get around, get away,

get back, get down,

get in, get into,

get off, get on,

get out, get over,

get through, get together,

get up …

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高考江西卷试题 以动词为中心2009年 : 30. A. look upon B. look after

C. look into D. look out

2009年 : 37. A. went around B. went back

C. went away D. went through

2009年 : 44. A. put off B. put on

C. put down D. put up

Page 39: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

break up, bring up, call up, cheer up, come up, get up, give up, go up,

grow up, hurry up, , look up, make up, pull up, put up, ring up, set up,

sit up, stand up, stay up, take up, turn up, wake up ……

keep up with,

catch up with ,come up with,

put up with

Page 40: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

高考江西卷试题以介词 / 副词为中心

2006 年: 34. A. turn up B. fix up

C. set up D. wake up

2008 年: 51.

A. point out B. take out C. hand out D. print out

2010 年: 26.

A. keep up with B. put up with

C. end up with D. catch up with

Page 41: How to learn Senior 2 English Well

五,如何复习英语语法1.认识语法的意义 语法与完型表达 语法与阅读理解

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语法与完型填空例 ,2006 年江西卷 :

----My friend for his part was almost as 40 (A.very; B. little;C.

much; D. few) troubled by the English essays he had to write for the headmaster as I was 41

(A. for; B. by; C. in; D. to) these Latin words.

分析 :前句结构 ,---was as( much) troubled by the English essays,

再把后句补充完整 ,---as I was (troubled) (by )these Latin words.

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例题: The incident took place on Sunday, the 25 of June On that particular

day. A south wind had been gusting (劲吹 )on and off all morning. It was not strong enough to cause us any concern, so we carried on with our daily work. Not suspecting what was about to happen.

Then just is we were beginning to lose hope .the storm stopped as suddenly as it had begun . The animals were safe , and the roof was still nailed on. “ All ’ s well that ends well.” said my mother.

59.It can be inferred from what the mother said that____.A .they had no damage at all B. everything went beyond the expectationC. everything was under control D. the family could have suffered a greater loss.

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语法与阅读理解 . 阅读题选项的意思常会使用纯语法现象来表述 ,如 , 虚拟语气 , 非谓语形式 ,

强调句 , 倒张现象 , 独立主格 , 复合句式等一些较为高级的 , 使用难度较大的语法 . 该选项设计手法显然加大了学生的理解难度 . 要把握选项意思的前提是清楚地懂得该语法现象及其所隐含的意义 , 否则 , 即使单词看懂了也不知道它的真实意思 , 从而无法作出正确的选择 .

例如 2006 年江西卷 59.It can be inferred from what the mother said that_____.正确选项 :D. the family could have suffered a greater loss.分析 : 这与母亲说的话“ All ’ s well that ends well.( 结果好就是好 )” 意义吻合 .could have suffered :是虚拟语气,表语事实相反的假设for protection=to seek safety建议 :1) 抓实常见的语法结构功能和基本含义 , 尤其是那些使用频率很高的语法现象 .2) 培养学生观察选项组织形式与表述方式的意识 , 并对其真实意义迅速地作反应

的能力 . 结合题干出处的语句 , 仔细比较意义的异同 .3 )纠正错误的认识:阅读理解与语法没有关系

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如何复习好英语语法

1. 准确理解定义每一项语法都有相应的概念性名词;弄懂定义是明确语法所

表达意义的前提2.把握公式每一语法项目都有相对应的表现形式。掌握它是理解与运用

的根本。否则,张冠李戴,导致句意义狗屁不通。例如: have being done; to being done; to not do3.系统归纳,方便记全(准)例如:虚拟语气

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• Is this the school_____ we visited last Sunday?

• Is this school_____ we visited last Sunday?

• Is this the school______ we worked last Sunday?

• Is this school______ we worked last Sunday?

Which, that, /

the one (which, that, / )

where (in which)

The one where (in which)

4. 易混易错项目要比较与辨别

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5.把握核心语法规律例如:非谓语; 两个角度原则6.反复练习,不断巩固,达到熟练

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突出语用能力的训练1. 语用能力的种类听,说,读,写,译2.训练的关键语言的分析与判断能力;重点在:1 )长难句的分析能力例如: 2011 年江西高考 Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or____

it is convenient to you.

A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever

3.特殊句式,特殊语法现象的分析能力

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1, 同义词性 阅读题的正确选项通常采用与原文语境中意义相同 , 相近或相反的词语和句

式来表达 . 命题人通过利用词语间有同义性或反义性的特点 , 来检查学生对某一话题理解程度 ; 它的优点是 :

(1)避免了直接表述性设计所带来的结果 ,即 , 学生能直接选对答案 ;(2) 考查了学生的词汇量 ,增加学生阅读理解的难度 . 例 ,2007 年江西卷 70.Dr. Mootee’s treating technique is based on the idea that______原文第三段 : The techniques Mootee uses to treat people with OCD---- “It is

based on the general idea that people have the ability to change the way they think and behave,”

正确答案的设计归纳起来就是 : can change sth = have the ability to change sth Thinking and action (行为 ) =think and behave

正确选项 : C. people can change their way of thinking and action

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试题 正确答案 原文原句表述07江西卷 ,56题

C. was of similar size

was no bigger than I was

07江西卷 ,62题

D. The ability to work well with other people

must be able to work as a co-operative team member (P1);

06江西卷 ,57题

C. they felt unable to protect the crops

There was very little we could do about the crops

06江西卷 ,68题

C, work in fields as well as in lab

work not only inside a lab, but also out in the field

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六,当务之急的工作

• 1. 处理好课本词汇 1. 明确词汇识记有不同的要求 1 )黑体(重点词汇) 2 )带三角形的词汇(不做要求的词汇) 3 )其余词汇(考纲词汇:)• 2. 处理好课文的语言点• 3. 合理安排时间做英语练习

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七,关于课文语言点的处理1.熟读精彩段落2.提炼该段落与句子的意义3. 应用该句式例如 There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and

that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon (Page26,Book 6)

提炼要点:1)There is no doubt that S+v There is any doubt whether s+v

2) It is---- that s+v

3) rather than

练习

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• ( page 11,Book7 )• By the time, Tony expected the house to be completely

trans formed

2006 年高考32.It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness .A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made

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• 32.It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness .

• A. to make B. to be made C. making D. being made

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6 ,非谓语动词的考查

考查点

05年卷 06年卷 07年卷 08年卷

非谓语动词( 1-2)

1.(grow)to like

(不定式表结果 )

2.(the manager) having made it,

(现在分词完成式做定语 )

1.(remember) having been attacked

(动名词表动作发生 )

2.(the connection between -- and --) to be made

(被动式的不定式做主语 )

(he was sent there) to be trained (for)

(被动式的不定式做状语 )

We finished the run in less than half the time (allowed)

(过去分词做后置定语 )

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