LESSON 1: VISUAL ARTS 視覺藝術

國立交通大學人文社會學系段馨君 副教授

THE SCREAM (1893)Edvard Munch (1863-1944)Came from NorwayAn expressionist and symbolist painter

THE SCREAM (1893)The key difference between most other contemporary scenes and The Scream was the influence of Symbolism. Munch had learnt much from the style of painters such as Paul Gauguin and Vincent Van Gogh, and their example encouraged him to use bright color to flatten his forms and to use dark outlines to lend them further force. The undulating lines that Van Gogh deploys in works such as Eternity Gate may have been a particularly important influence on Munch approach to The Scream. 

FRIDA KAHLO

Frida (2002) Synopsis of her lifetime. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zudfarZ-ZNk

BRIEF INTRODUCTIONFrida Kahlo (1907-1954)Born in Coyoacán, MexicoRenowned Mexican Artist for her

self-portraitsSuffered from Polio ( 小兒麻痺 ) at 6A car accident when 18 years oldMore than 30 times surgeries in

her lifetimeAmputated right leg before death.

Frida (2002) Bus crush. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znxRGH92XDg

Frida (2002) Calaca Hospital. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kQ6BSOZ0VGQ

MARRIAGE WITH DIEGO RIVERADiego Rivera- famous

Mexican muralist and painter

Married in 1929 and divorced in 1939 due to husband’s infidelity

Re-married on 1940 until died in 1954

Frida (2002) Marriage Without Fidelity. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06B3m6L5fFw

Frida (2002) Frida Cuts Her Hair. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HadRbtEI7KU

Frida (2002) You've Never Been My Husband. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9jX0S7mvB8

CAREER SUCCESS:

Held several overseas exhibitions and received wide recognition.

Frida (2002) Frida's Mexican Exhibition. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzP8k0R-USw

FRIDA KAHLO’S PAINTING

The memory of the heart (1937)Style: Realism and symbolismReveals the intensity of her pain, helpless from Rivera was settled.

FRIDA KAHLO’S PAINTING

Diego in my thoughts, aka Self-portrait as a Tehuana or Thinking of Diego (1943)Characteristic: MexicanismBright color and dramatic symbolism

Tehuana Costume: A Mexican traditional costume

FRIDA KAHLO’S PAINTINGThe two Fridas (1939)The emotions surrounding

her separation and marital crisis.

Right: respect and loved by her husband Rivera

Left: European style wedding gown

Heart exposed with one artery: European part of Frida is in danger of bleeding to death.

Frida (2002) The Two Fridas and Trotsky's Assassination. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3wiJJOrgho

SELF-PORTRAIT: MORE THAN 2/3 OF HER PAINTINGS ARE SELF PORTRAIT.

MOVIE AND NOVELMovie:

Documentary film (1982)

Frida, naturaleza viva (1984)

Frida 《揮灑烈愛》 (2002)Novel:

The Lacuna by Barbara Kingsolver

AUCTION 藝術品拍賣會

THREE PART OF AUCTION

Auction Compan

y

Buyer

Consignor

THE TOP TWO AUCTION COMPANIES

PRE-WORK FOR AUCTION COMPANIESExhibition HistoryA listing of museum or gallery exhibitions in which a given lot has appeared.

Inclusion in important exhibitions may impact the value of the object.

AUCTION FOR CONSIGNOR (Sotheby’s)

AppraisalA formal evaluation of the fair market and/or insurance value of a given property. Fair market value represents what Sotheby’s believes an item would bring at auction. Insurance value reflects what we believe it would cost to replace an item. Our Valuations department conducts appraisals by comparing your piece with similar, recently sold works, but no appraisal is definitive. You do not need a formal written appraisal in order to obtain a presale auction estimate.

Reserve PriceNever formally disclosed, the reserve price is the confidential minimum price agreed upon between the consignor and Sotheby’s. Reserves must be set at or below the low estimate, and if bidding ends before the reserve is reached, the property will not be sold.

AUCTION FOR BUYER (Sotheby’s)

All of the auctions are open for public free of charge in general.

Presale ExhibitionWith specialists on-hand to answer all questions, Sotheby’s puts every lot from its sales on public display in the days before an auction. Exhibitions are free and open to the public and generally close at 1 pm the day before the auction.

CataloguingFactual information about a lot offered for sale, such as the name of the artist or maker, a detailed description of the object, the year of its creation, its provenance (history of its ownership), major exhibitions in which it has appeared and publications in which it has been documented.

This information is published in the auction catalogue, in both the print and online editions.

AUCTION FOR BUYER (Sotheby’s)On-site Bidding: Buyers could bit in the sell room.

Telephone BiddingMany buyers prefer to bid via phone, using a Sotheby’s representative who is present at the auction to relay bids to the auctioneer on their behalf.

AUCTION FOR AUCTIONEER (Sotheby’s)Hammer PriceThe winning bid for a lot at auction. It is the price upon which the auctioneer’s hammer falls, determining the sale price, but does not include the buyer's premium.Pass/UnsoldTerms used by the auctioneer when an item fails to reach its reserve at auction.

Seller’s CommissionA commission paid by the consignor to Sotheby’s, which is deducted from the hammer price.

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These rates excludes taxes and any applicable artist’s resell right. Buyer’s premium in Italy includes VAT.

Munch's The Scream auction at Sotheby's. Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WikBfNgr_eE