meat exactly a costly toll-世人皆吃肉，養肉代價高

8/14/2019 Meat Exactly a Costly toll-

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/meat-exactly-a-costly-toll- 1/12

，！In a World of Carnivores,In a World of Carnivores,

Meat Exacts a Costly TollMeat Exacts a Costly Toll

By Mark BittmanBy Mark Bittman



美國人消耗國人消耗某種種看似取之不盡資源的方似取之不盡資源的方式，恐怕將面臨巨大改變—，恐怕將面臨巨大改變—

A big change in the consumption of a resourceA big change in the consumption of a resourcethat Americans take for granted maybe inthat Americans take for granted maybe instore –store –

這東西便宜、量多、大家都愛用，已經東西便宜、量多、大家都愛用，已經成為日常生活的一部分。它，可不是油為日常生活的一部分。它，可不是油，

Something cheap, plentiful, widely enjoyedSomething cheap, plentiful, widely enjoyed

and a part of daily life. And it isn't oil,and a part of daily life. And it isn't oil,

而是是。It’sIt’s meatmeat..



近年來，年來， in recent years,in recent years,

各國日益富裕的刺激國日益富裕的刺激 Nations encouraged by growingNations encouraged by growing

affluenceaffluence

++ 大規模圈欄式動物飼養方式普及的規模圈欄式動物飼養方式普及的

助長長Confined animal feeding operationsConfined animal feeding operations

nourished by the proliferation of nourished by the proliferation of

hugehuge

== 全球肉類求量呈數增長球肉類求量呈數增長



因此：此：Hence:Hence:

肉類工廠消耗了非常多的能源類工廠消耗了非常多的能源 meat factories consume enormous amounts of meat factories consume enormous amounts of

energyenergy

汙染了水源供應染了水源供應 pollute water suppliespollute water supplies

產生大量溫室氣體生大量溫室氣體 generate significant greenhouse gasesgenerate significant greenhouse gases

需要使用的玉米、大豆和其他穀類也越來越多要使用的玉米、大豆和其他穀類也越來越多and require ever-increasing amounts of corn,and require ever-increasing amounts of corn,soy and other grainssoy and other grains



這種對穀物的依賴，種對穀物的依賴，已經導致世界各地大片熱帶雨林遭到毀滅經導致世界各地大片熱帶雨林遭到毀滅

。A dependency that has led to the destructionA dependency that has led to the destructionof vast swaths of the world's tropical rainof vast swaths of the world's tropical rain

forestsforests



穀物、肉類甚至能源兜在一塊兒物、肉類甚至能源兜在一塊兒

的關連性會帶來可怕後果～關連性會帶來可怕後果～Grain, meat and even energy are groupedGrain, meat and even energy are grouped

in a way that could have dire results.in a way that could have dire results.



地球上有八億人口不是捱餓就是營養不良，全世界種植的玉米和大豆卻有大部分成了牛、豬、雞群的飼料。

800 million people on the planet now sufferfrom hunger or malnutrition, the majority of corn and soy grown in the world feeds

cattle, pigs and chickens.



要生產的肉類愈多，生產的肉類愈多，More meatMore meat

=>=> 飼料的需求就愈高，料的需求就愈高，=> Increase in demand for feed=> Increase in demand for feed

=>=> 價格升高誘使農人由糧食作物改種飼料作物。格升高誘使農人由糧食作物改種飼料作物。 (( 此也多少解釋了聯合國糧農組織計算的糧價指數去年為多少解釋了聯合國糧農組織計算的糧價指數去年為何上漲上漲 40%40% 。 ))

=> Higher prices for feed production away=> Higher prices for feed production awayfrom food crops. (And explains, in part, thefrom food crops. (And explains, in part, the40 percent rise last year in the food price40 percent rise last year in the food priceindex calculated by the United Nations’index calculated by the United Nations’

Food and Agricultural Organization.)Food and Agricultural Organization.)

種植這麼多穀物飼養動物，對環境的衝擊相當深遠。植這麼多穀物飼養動物，對環境的衝擊相當深遠。美國農業 — 其中多半在滿足肉類需求。美國農業 — 其中多半在滿足肉類需求。

Agriculture in the United States – much of Agriculture in the United States – much of

which now serves the demand for meatwhich now serves the demand for meat



專家說，價格遽增也改變不了大眾的飲食習慣，但是…家說，價格遽增也改變不了大眾的飲食習慣，但是…Experts say it is unlikely price spikes will change eatingExperts say it is unlikely price spikes will change eating

habits, buthabits, but ……

濫伐森林、伐森林、the combination of deforestation,the combination of deforestation,

汙染、染、pollution,pollution,

氣候變遷、候變遷、climate change,climate change,饑荒、荒、starvation,starvation,

心臟疾病與臟疾病與heart disease andheart disease and

虐待動物待動物animal crueltyanimal cruelty

等事情加在一起，也許會漸漸促使人們日常飲食清淡些：多吃點菜事情加在一起，也許會漸漸促使人們日常飲食清淡些：多吃點菜，少吃點肉。少吃點肉。

will gradually encourage the simple daily act of eatingwill gradually encourage the simple daily act of eatingmore plants and fewer animals.more plants and fewer animals.



「國際食品政策研究所」環境及生產科技主任國際食品政策研究所」環境及生產科技主任馬克‧羅斯葛蘭特說：克‧羅斯葛蘭特說：

Mark W. Rosegrant, director of environmentMark W. Rosegrant, director of environmentand production technology at the nonprofitand production technology at the nonprofitInternational Food Policy ResearchInternational Food Policy ResearchInstitute, say:Institute, say:

他能預見一個更為鮮明強烈的公關宣傳活動，能預見一個更為鮮明強烈的公關宣傳活動，主張張減少攝取肉類少攝取肉類，其就和反菸害運動差不多其就和反菸害運動差不多，這個活動強調個人健康、同情動物，還有為這個活動強調個人健康、同情動物，還有為

窮人與地球做善事。人與地球做善事。He foresees “a stronger public relationsHe foresees “a stronger public relationscampaign in thecampaign in the reduction of meatreduction of meatconsumptionconsumption – one like hat around– one like hat aroundcigarettes – emphasizing personal health,cigarettes – emphasizing personal health,

compassion for animals, and doing good forcompassion for animals, and doing good forthe poor and the planet.”the poor and the planet.”



註：註：

素食是人類對環境所能做的最好事情。什麼是素食是人類對環境所能做的最好事情。什麼是當前最重要的事我們應該要瞭解。現在不是當前最重要的事我們應該要瞭解。現在不是

處於正常狀態，當危險來的時候，必須要知處於正常狀態，當危險來的時候，必須要知道如何反應。而事實是～道如何反應。而事實是～我們的房子現在著火了！我們的房子現在著火了！

請大家行動起來做點什麼吧！請大家行動起來做點什麼吧！Annotation:Annotation:

Veggie is the best way for environment. We have toVeggie is the best way for environment. We have torealize that what is the most important thing.realize that what is the most important thing.Nowadays we aren’t been in normal situation. WeNowadays we aren’t been in normal situation. Wemust know how to react when the danger coming.must know how to react when the danger coming.

And the fact is~ And the fact is~

Our house catch fire!Our house catch fire!



原文參見http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/weekinreview/27bittman.ht

http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/01/27/business/meat.php2008-02-25/ 聯合報 /C3版 /教育王先棠原文請見 2月 25 日紐時周報頭版右上

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/weekinreview/27bittman.html

http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/01/27/business/meat.php

http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/01/27/business/meat.php

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/weekinreview/27bittman.html

meat exactly a costly toll-世人皆吃肉，養肉代價高

Documents