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ISSN 2012-8908

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1818 uehs 05 jk odc¾uksfha ܾys ^Trier& §Wm; ,enqfõh' Tyqf.am shd § frd audkqlf;da,slhg msáka hñkafm % df;i a;k a;jdohje<`o .;a hqfoõ cd;slkS;s{fhla úh' udlaia ܾys Wiiamdif,a wOHdmkh yudrlr fndka iriúfha^University of Bonn&kS;sh yeoEÍh' tfy;ajeä we,aula ±lajQfhab;sydih ydo¾Ykjdohgh' toji Tyq woyiaw;sk a fy a., ajd§ú{dkjdÈfhla jQfhah'n¾,sk ay S§ Tyqj d u d Y s l h s k a f . afya.,ajd§ lKavdhugwh;a úh' fudj qy qfy a., af. a o¾Ykfhawkqidrfhka wfoajjd§yd úm a,jjd§ks.ukhkag t<öug;e;a l<y' tjlg c¾ukawdKav qfõ m %; s.dóm s< sfj; ksid ld, audlaia f.a uydpd¾hjrfhl= ùfïn,dfmdfrd;a;=j bgqfkdùh' fuu jljdkqjjdudxY sl fya.,ajd§kaf.a u; c¾uksfhaiS.%fhka me;sfrñka ;snQwjÈhls' 1841 § fN!;sljdohTyqf.a o¾Ykfha m%Odk;ek úh' wkd.;o¾Ykjdofha uQ,O¾ukeue;s Tyqf. a u q, alD; sh t<s ÿg qfõh'tx.,aia *af,dafnhd¾f.alD;s w.h lf<ah' tu jdu fya.,ajd§kaiu. iïnkaOlïmeje;aj Q rh sk a kïm%fo aYfha we;eï /äl,ajd§ Okm;shkaiuyfrla rhska kñkaúreoaO md¾Yùh m;%hlafldf,dka kï k.rfha§m%ldYhg m;a l<y' 1842 ckjdß 01 odtys m<uq l,dmh msgúh' tys m %Ok ,sm simhkakka f,iwdrdOkd ,enqfKa ld,audlaiag yd írefydagh'^1842 Tlaf;d an¾udifha§ tu mqj;amf;am%Odk l¾;D Oqrh ndr.ekSug udlaia fndkak.rfha isg fldf,dkak.rfha mÈxÑhg.sfh ah' Tyqf. al¾;D;ajfhka mqj;am;úma,ùh" m%cd;ka;%jd§keU qrej jv jv;an,j;a jQfhka" wdKavqjúiska Bg tfrysj úúO;yxÑ mekjQ w;r 1843ckjdßfha§ th m,lsÍuiïmQ¾Kfhkau ;ykïlrk ,§' 1843 § udlaia ;u<ud úfha ñ;=ßhl jQfckS f*dkaÜ fmda,ka

iu. újdy úh' újdy.súiqu we;s jQfha Tyqi si qfjl=j i sáwjÈfha§h' 1843 §u /äl,a woyia j,sk aiukaú; i`.rdjlam<lsÍu i`oyd udlaiawdfkd a, aâ rEfrd akeue;af;la iu.m%xYhg .sfhah' c¾ukam%xY jd¾Yslh keue;stu i`.rdj m< jQfha tlal,dmhla muKls'c¾uksh ;=< ryis.;jth fndod yeÍug ;snQwiSre;dj;a rEfrda iu.we;s jQ u;jd§ .egqu;ath kjd;d ±óug fya;=úh' ta jk úg udlaiamj;akd ish,a, ks¾ohf,i úfõpkh lrknyq ck;djg yd ks¾Okmx;shg wdhdpkd lrkúma,jjdÈfhl= njgm;aj isá nj Tyqf.a ,smsj,ska fmkakqï lrhs' 1844 iema;eïnrfha§ f*âßla tx.,aia Èklsysmhla .; lsÍugm%xYhg meñKsfhah't;eka mgka Tyqudlaiaf.a lsÜgqu ñ;=rdnjg m;a úh' 1847 §udlaia zzo¾Ykfha È<s`ÿluZZ kï lD;sfhka iq¿OfkaI ajr iudcfhafkdfhla wdldrkHdhkag n,j;aj myr§ iqkqúiqkq lr ±óh' udlaia yd tx.,aiatlaj ks¾Ok mx;sliudcjdofha fkdfyd;afldñh qk si aÜjdofh akHdh yd Wml%u ilial<y' nhdkl úma,jjdÈfhl= jYfhka udlaiameÍisfhka fkrmd yßk,oafoka n%i,aia k.rhg.sfhah' 1847 § udlaiayd tx.,aia fldñhqksiaÜ,S.a kï ryis.; m%pdrlix.uhg iïnkaO jQy'tu jif¾ fkdjeïn¾ui ,kavkfha meje;s

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wíÿ,a rdiqla

1881 foieïnrfha§ udlaiaf.a ìß`o fckS ñh .shdh' 1883 ud¾;= 14 jk od iji 2' 45 g

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isáh§u kej;=ks' Tyqf.a oEia ioygu mshúh' isrer ,kavkfha yhsf.aÜ iqidk N+ñfha

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lshhs''''''''

ixpdrl jHdmdrhf.dv kekaùu i`oydixpdrl l,dm wdY%s;jiQÿ l%Svdjka fjkqfjkaùÈhla we;s lsÍums<sn`oj rcfhawjOdkh fhduq ùwe;ehs rcfha udOHm%ldYl weue;sflfy,sh rUqlaje,a,uy;d miq.shodlleìkÜ mqj;am;aidlÉpdfõ § mjid;sìKs' wdKavqj fïlrkak hkafka wkalsisjla fkdj nQre msáj, fgdax .kakka lrkl%shdjh' fïjdixpdrlhka fjkqfjkawdrïN l<oiajfoaIslhkag ;ykïlrkakg neßh' wfkalame;af;ka tfia lsÍuiodpdr úfrdaëh'we;a;u lshkjd kïtfyu Wjukdjlaoke;' u;g ;s;" iQÿjg

fï cQks udihhs' isxy, udi l%uhgkï wei< udihhs' weye< u,ska .ia msß,dn,kak yß ,iaik udihls' fidndoyu úiska yeuodu;a mßirh,iaik lrk fï rfÜ wd¾Ól" idudchSh ydfoaYmd,ksl mßirh kï t;rï ,iaik tllajkafka ke;' iEu uilu fï ish¨lafIa;%hkaj,g úúO iq<s l=Kdgq meñfKhs'Èfkka Èk wmú;% fjhs' fï udifha § lr<shgmeñKs ish¨ ud¾;Dld .ek ñysifrys msgqmqrjd Tfí jákd ld,h;a" m;a;r msgq;a kdia;slrkakg fjfyi fkdfjuq' ula ksido tafjkqfjka ´kEjg;a jvd kdia;sldr úµq;ayd uqøs; ckudOH fï rfÜ ;sfnk neúks' ta zñysirZ b;du l=vd m%udKfha úl,ammqj;am;la muKla nj ish,a,kagu jvdfyd `Èka wm wjfnd aO lrf.k isákksidfjks' fï rfÜ iudc' wd¾Ól" foaYmd,kiqNisoaêh Wfoid wfma fï mqxÑ msgq w;rl;d lrkakg fndfyda foa ;sfnhs' ta bv yir wm Ndú; lrkafka b;du;a j.lSï iy.;jh' tfiau wr mßiaiñks'wfma .uk fyñkah' fï jk úg ñysir wm ys;=jdg;a jeähfndfyda ÿr meñK ;sfí' fuf;la meñKsudj; ie§ ;snqfKa .,a fndr¨ j,sks' bÈßhotfiau jkq we;' th wfma h;d¾:jd§wfmalaIdjh' zzñysirZZ fï rfÜ we;s ish¨ ckudOHwdh;k w;sßka jvd;a fï rgg fukau foaYiSud rys;j fï ñys;,hg wdorh lrk Tfímqj;a m; nj;a ish¨ udOH wdh;k wNsnjdfï ñys;,hg j.lshk nj;a kej;;a lsjhq;=h' zzñysirZZ fu;rï ñksia l%shdldrlïks¾oh f,i úfõpkh lrkafka tneúks'ieneúkau wm isákafka ñksidf.a me;af;afkdfõ' ukao ñksid ñys;,fha tla wxY=jlamuKla nj wm fyd`Èka okakd ksidh' kuq;añys;,hg jeäfhkau whym;a n,mEulalrñka isákafka o ñksidu nj;a okakdksidh' ikaksfõokfha § b;d m%N, NdIdjkañksid i;= fjhs' kuq;a fndfyda wh okafka;ukaf.a cd;sfha NdIdj muKls' fidndoyfïo NdIdjla fjhs' f,dalfha we;s m%N,uNdIdj th hehs wm ksrNhj lshuq' fidndoyu wmg iDcqj;a jl%j;a fndfyda foa lshhs'kuq;a iuyreka tajdfhys zkZ zKZ z,Z z<ZWla; wdLHd;h fidhñka isákq wmg olakg,efnhs' id.skafkka fmf,k È<skafol= Tnfj;g meñK lkakg hula b,aÆ úg Tyqf.aNdIdfjys jHdlrK fodai fkdfidhd" lkakghula fokakehs wm Tng u;la lrkafkuq' f,dj we;s úY sI aG;u NdIdjfidndoyfï NdIdjhs' ñysir mdGlhska g taNdIdj fyd `oka jegfyk nj wmf.aúiajdihhs'

2011 cQ,s

ñysir mqj;amf;a m<fjk ish¨u ,smsj, wka;¾.;h ms<sn`o

j.lSu ta ta f,aLlhd i;=h'

fuys m<fjk ,smshlska fyda fjk;a úfYaIdx.hlska Tng"

tfí wdh;khg" ixúOdkhg hï wys;lr n,mEula we;s ù

kï Bg ms<s;=re §fï whs;sh wdrlaId lsÍug ñysir

mqj;amf;a bvlv újr lr ;sfí'

ngysr ffjµ úoHdj

fldudj wd§ fïjdck;dj rjgkfoaYmd,k ðñla muKs'wrlal= î" ÿï Wrd" iQÿfl< tmuKlskafkdiEyS r;sfl<sfhyso fh§ nÿf.jkjd kï lïke;' wdKavqj l=vqmiqmi t,jkafkackm%sh ùug muKlaufkdfõ' l=vqj,ska nÿwh l< fkdyelsksidh' iQÿjg ùÈhlafjka lrkakd fia r;sl%Svdj fjkqfjkaoùÈhla fjka lrkjdkï ±ka ;sfnkixpdrl jHdmdrhjvd;a ÈhqKq l< yelsjkq we;' ±ka wrcd;sl fy< Wreuhlshk ,xldfõixialD;sh wdrlaIdlrkakg uy nUdúiska ujd tjk ,olreuh ±ka wdKavqfõ

ksid" ixialD;sh ´kEuldkq m,a,l ¥IKhlrkakg mq¿jk' ixpdrllafIa;%fha isák wh±kg ,xldjg tknjg wdKavqjwdvïnrfhka .Kkays,jq ;shk ixpdlhka.ek m%idohla ke;'±kg tk fndfydaixpdrlfhda ta rgj,wm jeks ys.kakka jkw;r' tkafka wvq ñ,meflacj,gh' iuyretk úg úÿ,sbia;sßlalh ne.fhaoudf.k meñKfydag,a ldurfha§frdà mq¿iaidf.kl;s' fï jf.ays.kakkag wvq ñ,g.eyekqka imhkùÈhla ±ïfud;a" wvq.dfka ,xldfõ ÿmam;añksiaiqkag fyda fïùÈj,ska wvq ñ, rie;s

iem fidhd .; yelsh'±ka tk wdldrfhays.k ixpdrlhkaf.kajd .kakdixpdrl jHdmdrhlska,xldjg jevla ke;'b;sß jkafka Wka ;eka;ekaj, oud hkma,diaála muKs' miq.shi;sfha fï f,aLlhdoEiskau ÿgq oiqklajQfha f;a j;a;lane,Sug fíìfrdaidnihlska meñKs iqÿyu we;s ixpdrlhkaw;ßka lsm fofklamdr whsfka uq;%d lrkwdldrhhs' ixpdrll¾udkafhka rglgm,la m%fhdackhla ,nd.ekSug kï Okj;aW.;a ñksiqkawdl¾IKh lr .;hq;=h' ta i`oyd rfhajeo.;alu kexúhhq;=h'

W3 ,xld fjì wvúh

furgg úfoaYSh ixpdrlhka

wdl¾IKh lr .ekSug kï'''

.=re .S;h lshkafka b;d

l=vd kj l;djla' th Ñka.Sia

whs;audf;õ kï reishdkq

f,aLlhdf.a" First Teacherkï uq,a lD;sfha isxy,

mßj¾;khhs'

miq.sh ld,fha ;reK

m%cdjka w;r b;du;a ckm%sh

idys;H fmd;la jq .=re .S;h"

tla w;lg b;d ir, wdor

l;djla'

wfma .=re;=ud hhs ;du;a biafldaf,a''''

mek uv lä;s jeõ ;djq jeys ldf,a''''

wdorh" lem lsÍu"

wfmalaIdj yd ld,h úiska

ñksiqkaf.a Ôú;h f.khk

udkhka fukau w;S;

u;lhka yd tys we;s

iïnkaOh wmQrejg lshkjd'

tfiau ;j;a me;a;lska th

b;d .eUqre Ôú; o¾Ykhka

fj;g wmj /f.k hkakjd'

wms yefudagu m<uq

.=rejrfhla isáh h yelshs'

iuyr úg ta lshkafka

biafldf,a W.kakmq .=rejre

.ek fkdfjkak;a mq¿jka'

flfia fj;;a wmg jf.au

w,a;skdhsg;a m<uq

.=rejrfhla isáhd' Tyq yd

weh w;r ;snqKq iïnkaOh

fY%aIaG;ajhg m;a fjkafka

fldÉpr l,a .syskao'

Tn;a Tfí m<uq .=rejrhd

ljq±hs ±k.kak" .=re .S;h

lshjkak'

Little Puppy

Pretty little pup,

Where have you

gone?

In search of friends

Or your pretty little

mum ?

Marabe

2011 cQ,s

04

04

±ä wd.ñl miqìul wfkl=;a ckj¾.hkaf.aiïñi%Khla fldfy;au ke;ehs lSug ;rï idïm%odhslbia,dóh ixialD;sl jgdmsgdjl" ckjd¾.sl;ajhms<sn`oj iuia: iudchu ±ä wiykldÍ;ajhl .s,S;snQ wjÈhl b;d iSud iys; Ôú;hla .; l< wehksjfia wirKj ;ud iu.u fmdrnoñka isáfha hïbiamdiqjla fidhd .ekSug h' zz;kslñka isáh ud ks;ru .=jkaúÿ,shg ijka§ug mqreÿj isáhd' msgia;r f,dalh yd ug ;snqKqtlu iïnKaOh f.dv ke.S ;snqfKa f¾äfhdaj iu.hs'ta ldf,a wmg rEmjdyskshla ;snqfKa kE' 91 yd 95jir olajd uf.a ffoKsl mqreoao jQfha lú ,sùu h'.=jkska úldYh jQ zzw,a wiqu;aZZ kï uqia,sï l,djevigyk iu.hs ud iïnkaO jQfha' Èkla fïjevigyk u.ska lú ,sùu i`oyd wikakkag f;audjkalsysmhla ,nd ÿkakd' iq<`." wyi jeks ud¾;Dld w;rÈlalidoh ^;,dla& o f;audjla jQjd' tjlg 14 úhe;sug Èlalidoh hk jpkh wefik úg;a hï úÈyllïmkhla we;s jQjd' kuq;a fjkia úÈfya f;audjla jQneúka ud thg leue;sj ta .ek lúhla ,shd tujevigykg hejqjd' ug u;lhs tu jevigyfka §th w,xldr lúhla nj;a" tu f;audj i`oyd meñKstlu lúh ud ,shd tjQ lúh nj;a i`oyka jQjd' tuks¾udKhg ,enqKq ms<s.ekSu ksid Èß ,enqj ud fuhskawdfõYhg m;aj È.ska È.gu tu jevigykg lú ,shdhejqjd' mdie,a .uk k;r lr ;sìh§;a uf.a ku.=jkska m%pdrh ùu ms<sn`oj foudmshka Woyig m;ajqKd' ,sùu ud w;ay, hq;= nj Tjqka ;rfha lshd isáhd'bka miqj ug muKla wefik f,i .=jka úÿ,shgijka fokak;a" uf.a kñka fkd,shd wkaj¾; kduhlgudre ùug;a l%shd l<d' mqrd wjqreÿ 05la uf.a f,dalhjqfha ta jevigyk;a ud;a muKhs' yßhg ud Ôj;ajQfha lú ,sùug muKlau jf.hs' ug fndfyda;Hd.hka ta ;=<ska ysñ jQj;a tajd ,nd .ekSug fld<Uhdfï yelshdjla ug ;snqfKa kE'ZZ weh iskduqiqj tuw;S;h wo isysm;a lrkaKSh' Ôú;fha§ ;ks jQ .eyeKqka ´kE ;rï wm ±l;sfí' ta w;r ;kslug tfrysj ler<s .eiQ wkd¾,djekakka lS fofkl= yuqù ;sfnkafka ±hs u;lhgk.d .ekSu f,ais ke;' wm ljfrl=j;a ueá msfvkamsv ;jfll= úiska f.k ks¾udKh lrk wdldrhguyefok uQ¾;shla jeks hula fkdjk nj weh wmglshd fkdfokafka o@' .eyeKqka yd msßñka f,i wmstlsfkldf.a m%;spdrhka wfkldf.ka fl;rï fjkiajkafkao@ l=vd l,fha§ weh ;u ifydor ifydaoßhkaiu. jefvk úg Tjqka w;ßka fjkiau .;s meje;=ïwe;s flfkl= fõ hehs ljfrl= is;kakg we;ao@ kuq;awkd¾ l=vd ld,fha mgkau wka whf.ka fjkia .;smej;=ï we;a;shl f,i we;s ±ä ú ;snqfKdh' ujgfyda mshdg jqjo lshk foa tl t,af,a fl<skau lshd±óu wehf.a mqreoao úh' fï fl,skau lshd ±ófï .=Khwef.a lú j, o ta yeáfhkau ;sfí' ta wef.a yeáh' tawehh'

ia;%S ì,a, ^fmka m,s&ia;%S ì,a,rK ìuls

iqj myiq mÍlaIKd.drhlsfkdisia .nvdjlsiaÓr isr l`ojqrls

oxf.ähhs thta kï ia;%S YÍrhhs

yojf;a fõokdj yo .eiauia;%S mqreI ieug fmdÿ nj we;a;kuq;a th bia;sßhdjf.a jQ úg

ke; lsisu f.!rjlhlauf.a bÈßmsgu isÿ flfrhs

udj >d;kh^wkd¾ 2003 § m< l< ug lú uqyqKla ldjH

ix.%yfhks&

±ka wef.a lú úpdrk fÉrka lúhdf.a woyiafj; yefruq' kef.kysr l=vd .ul wef.a Ôú;h werUqk;a"uyd ldjH ye`.Sï iuqodhla yd wef.a ud¾;Dld ;=<jpk yrUhla iu.u m q¿,a ukqIH;ajfhaw;a±lSïj,skao tajd msÍ f.dia ;sfí' wkd¾f.a lú b;dmeyeÈ<sh' ldjHd,xldrhkaf.ka hqla;h' tfukaufõ.j;ah' tajd yßhg wYajhska ne`È f¾ia tlla fukabÈßhg lvdf.k meñfKa' ,dxlsl oñ< kQ;k ldjHhg kj uqyqKqjrlawE ,nd fokakSh' wef.a lú kej; kej; lshùfï§wdfõYhla yd fifkyila wm ;=< ±kùu je,lshfkdyel' yqol,d nj" n,dfmdfrd;a;=j wef.a lúhw,xldr lrjhs' ìh yd lïmkh ta lú ;=< .eíj

ia;%S YÍrh W;al¾Ifhka ieußh hq;a;la a

;sfnk uq;a wruqK wjq,a ú wkaÿka l=kaÿka njg m;afõ' .sks mqmqre miq lr hd fkdyels jQ rd;%sh ta bÈßfhat,a,S isà' fï w`ÿre hduh ;=< msh k.d hdugwe;=<dka; wjldYfhka kef.k uyd t<shla whqOhlafia wm w;g m;a lsÍug wE iu;a jkakSh' hehsfÉrka lshd isà' zzuf.a lúj,ska hqoaOh ia;%Skag lrk n,mEuyd mSvkh .ek ud ks;r l;d lr ;sfnkjd' uf.ajia;= úIh jQ ia;% shg j¾K" cd;s" l=," wd.ïn,mdkafka kE' fï .eyeksh i;=áka isà kï uf.alúj, uqy qK;o i;=áka ; sfhaú' t,a 'à'à'B'md¾Yjfhka jrola jk úg ud tod thg tfrysj,sõjd' uqia,sï ckhdg widOdrKhla jk ;ek udthg tfrys jQjd' t,a'à'à'B' h rcfha yuqodjka tfiauwú .;a lKavdhïj, mSvkh tljr t,a,jk ;eklhsud Ôj;a jQfha' fu;ek§ ud yßyeá f;areï .kak'uf.a ueÈy;aùu uu uqia,sï wfhl= ùu ksid muKlafkdfõ' l=uk fyda widOdrKhla" wlghq;a;la isÿjknj lshkakhs ud bÈßm;a jQfha'ZZ lsú`Èh lshd isà' wehf.a ;j;a ldjH ixl,amkdjla wmsúuiqug ,la lruq' th kïlr ;sfnkafka zzl=áhgneyeßka ießirkd kskaoZZ ^wffrlal= fj,sfhaWrlalï& f,ihs'

l=áhg neyeßka ießirkd kskaofrÈ ms<s kjd

wvqlal= lf<ñ w,audßfhysúÿ,s myfKa t<sh wvqlrkafkñ l=áfhys

fyd`Èka ilid hyfkys we;sß,a,tlg ,x lf<ñ fldÜg hq.,hwe`.,d .ksñ ÿyq,e,a rd;%S we`ÿu

uf.a msmdih wNshi we;úi uqiq ksId mdkh

wdidjka ksoka.;j we;s isysk iu.skal=áhg neyeßka ießirhs

uf.a kskao

2008 jif¾ wdishdkq meismsla ;reKiïfï,kh mej;=fka bkaÈhdfõ Tßiaid m%dka;fhahs'wkd¾go Bg iyNd.S ùug wdrdOkd m;la ,eî ;sìKs'ixialD;sl wud;HdxYhg meñK tys .ukg wjYH.=jka glÜm; ,nd .kakd f,io wehg ,smshla ,eî;sìKs' tu wjia:dfõ tys fiajh l< ks,OdßKshwkd¾f.a wOHdmk iqÿiqlï wju nj;a" wehg bx.%Sisni yeisrùug fkdyels nj;a ks.ukh fldg tuwjia:dj ,nd §u m%;slafIam l<d h' ^kuq;a wkd¾f.añ;=re ñ;=ßhka wehg tys hdug .=jka álá m;la,nd § ;sfí&' tod tfia wef.a yelshdjkag iïPp,al< nj we;a;ls' wo 10 fY%aKsfha oñ< wOHdmk fm<fm;l m< ù ;sfnk fï ldjH ixl,amkdj o tawkd¾f.auh'

m%pKav ùujglr jeg ne`o

ta ;=< yso yqiau .kakhehs lSu ;uhskqU fmkajk ksoyi

fõ.fhka ke.S isák uf.a .fõIKfidaÈisl< yels n,h kqU wf;ysh

ta ksid ;uhs ys;+ ys;+ f,ig ie;alï l< yels whqßkauf.a Ôú;h

wk;=rg m;a m%Ksfhl= ù we;af;aiajdëk yeu fohlau ndr §

msÿre mUfhl= f,igkqfò we`§ïj,g wkqj keáh hq;= hehs

kqU is;kafkyshkqU lshkafka l=ulaoth ;uhs fõoh kï

kqU fmkajk foa ;uhs f,dalh kïug lshd fudlgo yoj;la iy weia folla@mQ¾j ie<iqï wkqj isÿ flfrk m%ydr f,i

laIKSlj udj jg,kafkyshlsisÿ f,ilska bÈßhg hd fkdyels f,i

kqU úiska jxpdjg ,lal< whj wu;l lrfødayS hehs lshkafkyshjrolrejdj kqU isáñkaovqjï lrkafkysh ugkqU Wis.ekajQ iq<s iq<`.

úkdY l< yelsh uf.a foaYhu f,dalfhys

tlu ld,.=Khtlu wêldrh

iodl,a mj;skafka ke;s njwu;l lr we; kqU

fndfyda lùka iudcfha ;sfnk fõokdj ydfr!ø nj .ek jeä jYfhka ,shoa§ weh tajdfhka ñ§wdorh jrKkd lrñka ia;%S YÍrh hkq mdm mqxchlafkdj W;al¾Ij;aj ieußh hq;a;lah hk u;fha;sridrj fmkS isà' zzhqoaOh mj;skfldg wms ys;=fõ th ioygumj;sk fohla lsh,hs' uE; ld,fha lúj,ska jeämqru,shjqfka tys ìhlre yd fõokd;aul njhs' hqoaOhlamj;soaÈ wka yefudagu we;s fõokdj" ìh ug;a ;snqKd'kuq; a ugkï hqo aOh .ek lsúhla , shkakgmq¿jkalula ;snqfKa kE' fudlo th ta ;rïu lshd.kak neß ;rï oreKq ;=jd,hla ksihs' kuq;a hqoaOhfoi .eyekshla fy,k ne,aula f,i hula ug,shd.kak yels jqKd' hqoaOh ;sìh§ ta yer ;j;a Ôúf;al;dl< hq;= foaj,a fld;rï ;sfnkjdo@ fï hqoaOh.ek lsisjla l;d fkdlr i;=g" wdorh" YÍrh wdÈhW;al¾Ihg kekaùu u.skauh' ud hqoaOhg tfryswfhl= jkafka' uf.a hqO úfrdaë m%ldYkh thhs'iuyr úg fuh Bg Yla;su;a ms<s;=rla fkdjk njTn lshdú' kuq;a ufkda úoHd;aulj n,k úg thhqoaOh i`oyd fok ;SlaIK ms<s;=rla fkdjkafka ±ZZhswkd¾ wfmka úuid isáhs' wkd¾ ish lú ;=<ska ksoyi fidhd yShla fiabÈßhg .shdh' tfukau hqO ìh meje;s wjia:djkaySweh tajd miqlr meñKshdh' ish mßl,amkfha meje;sldjHuh NdIdj wm bÈßfha wE È.yer ;nkakSh' fïldjH f,dalh ;=< wehgu lshd f,djla fõ' weh tyswNsfYal ,;a /ðKh' fï f,dj ;=< wehg fkdl<yels fohla fkdue;' ienúkau wkd¾f.a Ôú;h .;jkafka mshú f,dalh ;=< kuqÿ weh ;=< we;af;a taienE f,dalhg yd;amiskau fjkia jQ f,djls' fïmshú f,dalh iu. wkd¾g lsisfia;au mEySula ke;'

weh ta mshú f,dalhg .e,fmkafkao ke;'

flfia kuq;a ienE f,dalfha Èú f.jk wehBg mEfyk jd fia fmkaúh hq;= jkakS h' l=vd l,mgka mjqf,a fiiq ifydaor ifydaoßhka w;r ye§jevqKq weh yÈisfhkau fjk;a wfhl=f.a fõYhlg

ia;%Sjdoh fmrgqfldgf.k wo fndfyda wh lú

,shd ;sfnkjd' tajd iuyrla b;d m%N,

ks¾udKhka' iuyr wh wo th fudaia;rhla

lrf.k ysia m%,dmhka rpkd lrkjd'

ks¾udKhla i¾j iïmQ¾K jkafka tlu foa

tlu úÈyg tlu ;ek m,a ùug bv

fkdyeÍfukqhs' ia;S%ka f,i wmg ch .ekSug

fndfyda wNsfhda. ;sfnkjd' lú ,shkakshla kï

;udj uldf.k fyda Bg uykais úh hq;=hs'

11 jeks msgqjg''''''''''''''

2011 cQ,s 05

wjidkfha§ Wka ug yuqúh' y;,sia fofkl=utljr tlu ;ekl§'''''ud isáfha l=;=y,fhks' wmf.ajdykfha k,d Yíohg Èj wd Wkaf.ka tlshla f.aÜgqjwer wmg we;=¿ jkakg bv ÿkakdh' tla w;lskaf.aÜgq m¿jla w,a,df.k n,d isáho byjyd .sh ;uiskyj j,ld .; fkdyelsj wfkla w;ska lg jid.ekSug jEhï l<dh' wf;a we`.s<s w;ßka iskyj .,dye¨ks' jdykh we;=¿ jQ ú.i f.aÜgq m¿ folläuqäfha jid ±uQ weh" ta miqmiska Èj wdjdh' tjriskyj j,ld.kakg kefuñka yd ,eÊcdj jid.kakg we`o isá Ö;a; idh w;a foflka wÈñks'wehf.a flá fldKavd lr,a fol Wrysfika bÈßhgomiqmigo mekafka weh yd ;r.hg fuks' bÈßhg weÿKq jdykh wU.i fiajfka k;rjk f;lau uf.a weia /`ÿfka weh iu.h' wehg tlajQ ;j;a fl,af,da ;sfofkla jdykfhka ìug nei.;auf.a tla ñ;=ßhla nod je<`o .;af;dah' Tjqka tlsfkldfmr yuqj ;snQ nj ug isysjQfha túgh' uu ;ju;a isáfha l=;=y,fhka msÍ úms<sirjh'Tjqka fldá fl,a,kaj isá njg fydvqjdjla fydafidh.ekSu yd ta nj ;yjqre lr .ekSu udf.a háisf;a jQ wNsm%dh jkakg we;' ueIska ;=jlal= ;u ;=re,g f.k" WKav ud,lrjgd me<e`o" láka mska .e,jQ w;a fndaïn oud.iñka ÿjk ñksure" kmqre fldá fl,a,ka f.aigykla fyda Wka flfrka u;=jk ;=re uu fndfydafidaÈisfhka u n,d isáfhñ' Wka isáfha È.gu iskdfiñks' tys tk ishÆufokd iu. È.gu i;=áka iskdfiñks' ta whmskjkakg .S .hñks' PdhdrEmj,g fmkS isáñks';uka b;d i;=ákao ieye,a fjkao isákd njg wkayeu bÈßfha Tmamq lrñka isáfhdah' yßhg tfialrkakg j.lSulska ne`§ isákakdla fuka th Tmamqlrñka isáfhdah' Thd, isxy, bf.k .kakflda' t;fldg wmgyß f,aishsfka' msg;ska wd .eyekshla Wkag lshkjdug weisks' wehf.a b,a,Su isxy, úh' Wkag thf;arekd ±hs .eyekshg fyda ug fkdf;areks' tfy;aWka È.gu iskdfiñka isáfhdah' fldá úu flfia fj;;a Wka idudkHfl,a,kago jvd idudkH úh' widudkHfhka idudkHúh' b`Èka udf.a l=;=y,h wvqfjñka u jeä fjñkamej;=ks' ta jk úg uf.a wjOdkh jeäfhkau ,ndf.kisáfha Wka w;r isá o`.ldr flágq fl,a,l úisks'fl;rï o`.ldrj yeisreKo weh lsisúfgl wuq;a;kagmsgqmi yerjQfha j;a msgqmig lr ne`oisá wef.a oE;abÈßhg .;af;aj;a ke;' hdka;ñka Èlaj ;snQ wef.afldKavh ysi uqÿkska fomig jkakg .eg .id ;snqKs'tla mfilska wei Ndf.g jefik fia uqyqKg jegqKqflia frdols' Wkaf.a Ôú;j,g fyda Wkaf.aú,dis;djkag ta flia frdo .e,mqfka ke;'úuis,af,ka neÆ ug wjfndaO jQfha ta jikakgW;aidy fldg ;snqfKa yels,S ue,jqk weia l=yrhlanjhs' ta l=yrh ;=< lsisjla jQfha ke;' fl,a,kagfkd±fkk fia ud fiñka Wka msgqmiska f.dia úmrïlr neÆfhñ' msgqmiig fldg ne`o isá w;a folo"w;a fkdùh' je,ñfgka my< wysñ jQ fldg folls' Wka bÈßhg wd ug ;j ÿrg;a Wka uqK .eiSfïfya;=j f;areï .kakg fkdyels úh'Wka yd tla jQ uuo .Shla .hkakg mgka .;sñ' udokakd fou< .Smo lysmhla .ehSfuka Wka yd l=¿m.jkakg iu;a ùñ' ix.S;a fkdokakjd jQjdg Wkag;du;a ix.S;a ùrfhls' Wkao udf.ka b,a,d isáfha zlkauks lsKauks tkaldo,sfha'''''''''TÉpr ,iaik uf.awdoßfha'''''''''ZZ .hkakgh' moje,a ish,a, fkdokakdneúka wffo¾Hhg m;a jQ ud ikiñka Wka uq¿ .s;hu.dhkd lf<dah' Èjd wdydrh i`oyd iskqj kdo úh' Wkag udw;yer ±,a .eiQ ì;a;sfhka jg jQ lEu Yd,djg hkakgisÿúh' iq¿ fj,djla whdf,a weúÈñka isá ud o jgmsgn,d fyñka fyñka tys we;=¿ jqfKñ' Wka lñkaisáfha n;a" fidahd ñÜ" yd uqx wegh' ud we;=¿ jkqn,d i;=gq jQ fl,a,ka lE .iñka lkjd ±hs uf.kaweiqfjdah' w;a fldg fl,a, wi,skau nxl=fõ b`o.;aud wehg n;a ljñka isá fl,a, fj; keó lgweßfhñ' wkñka isá n;a .=<shg ;j;a n;a msvlatlalr .=<sl< wE" th udf.a uqfjys ;enqjdh' zyaï ï ï k,a, /isZZ uf.a ;¨ ueÍug Wkamqÿuho i;=go m< lrñka iskdiqfkdah' Wkaf.ka lssysmfofkla udj iïmQ¾Kfhka fkdi,ld yeß uq;a jeä

msßila Wf.a ms.ka j,skao ug n;a ljkakg bÈßm;ajQy' zzTx.f,lal= mq,af,a y,a b,af,hs hd''''ZZ ^Thdg<uhs ke;ao& yÈisfhau tlshlg m%Yakhla úh' zzW,y;a;s, wêhudk mq,af,ay,a bßlals ;dka'''''t,af,dareï kïuv mq,af,ay,a ;dkaZZ ^f,dafla yq.la<uhs bkakjdfka ''''''''Tlafldu uf.a <uhs ;uhs& uuuf.a iqmqreÿ ms<s;=r Wka bÈßfhao m%ldY lf<ñ' zzb,af,hs b,af,hs''''fidkao mq,af,ay,a@ZZ ^kEkE thdf.u <uhs@''& ta .uk weiQfha ÿr isá tlshls'zzï ï ï t,af,dareï fidkao mq,af,ay,a ;dkaZZ ^ ï ïï tlafldu uf.a <uhs ;uhs& z zwm am qä tkafkkavd, a tka tka.f,hsmdÿld;a;=fld,a, jer b,af,a @ZZ ^tal tfyukï wehswmsj fír.kak wdfõ ke;af;a@&'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' th udf.a ysi u;g fy,k ,o l=¿f.ä myrlaúh' tys ierg ud isys uq¾cd ùñ'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' fudfyd;lg ish,a, ksIap, jqjd fiah''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' zzfyahs''jdhs jdhsZZ ^fyahs' lg lg& uf.a ,`.uisá tlshla lE .eiqjdh' uu weh foi ne,Sñ' weh

n,d isáfha m%Yakh weiQ tlsh foi jkakg we;' uuota foi ne,Sñ' lsisjlau isÿ fkdjQ f,ig weh ms.dfkajQ n;a" uqx weg yd fidhd óÜ wkñka isáhdh' wehwe`o isá í,õisfha ueKsla lgqj olajd ud È.= jQ w;alf¾ fnd;a;ïo fn,a,ys fnd;a;ïo mshjd ;snqKs'yqrenqyqá fmkqulska isá wehf.a ld,j¾K uqyqfKatl modihlu úhe¨Kq ;=jd, le<,ls' zzmrjd b,af,hs' mrjd b,af,hs''''wÿ Wïfuhs;dka'''ZZ ^lula kE' lula kE'''''''tal we;a;fka& Wkagisÿ jQ ;=jd,j, È." m<, fyda .eUqr f;areï .ekSugfkdyels ;rug uf.a l=vd njo ÿria: njo ±kqfkkauu fl`orefjñ''' Wka ;j fudk fudkjdfoda lSy' Wka w;er ±,aYd,dfjka t<shg weúÈk ug ±kqfka wm ish,af,daumrdð; ù isákd njls''''''''' zzb;ska wehs mrdð; taju ,shkafka @" Thd gneßo fyd`o me;a;" n%hsÜ me;a;" fmdisájq ihsâ tl,shkak'@ZZ fï lshjk iuyfrla uf.ka wykjd we;'uu Tn iu. tl`. fjñ' tfyhska fï ish,af,a

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tfyukï wehs wmsj fír.kak wdfõ ke;af;a @

l=udß l=udr.uf.a

uu hkakg yefroaÈ uf.a weiaj,g tî

neÆ wE ud miq miskau weúÈñka l;d

lf<a m,d hdug ug lsisÿ bvla

fkd;nñks' fujka md,sldjkaf.ka

n,dfmdfrd;a;= úh fkdyels ;rfï jQ"

nqoaO mq;%fhl=f.kau muKla ,eìh yels

;rfï jQ lreKdjla ohdjla ffu;%shla ta

oEyska jEfykq yeÍ neÆ ug fmkqKs'

tjka oEilg weh ysñlï ,enQfha Èkm;d

weh w;aolsñka isákd ta i;Hh ksiduhehs

ug ±ka isf;a' tneúka wef.a b,a,Sïo

fufia i`oyka lr ;nkakg uf.a is; ud

fm<Uùh'

11 jk msgqjg'''''''''

2011 cQ,s06

hï ñksfil= mlaImd;S fkdù" yqÿ fm!oa.,sl iqL úyrKh fmrgq fldg fkdf.kuOHia:Ndjfhka hq;=j lghq;= lrhs kï th Tyqf.a Ôú;hg wdNrkhls' wêiqfLdamfNda.S fmcfrdajlg jeäfhka ÿr hd yels r:hls' Bg;a jeäfhka iudchgwdNrkhls' Tyq udOHfõÈfhla" udOHfõoh iïnkao .=rejrfhla jkafka kï thwmg fï iudch .ek hym;a is;sú<s we;s lr.ekSug fyd`o ksñ;a;ls',dxlSh ck ix.S;hg buy;a fufyjrla l< frdayk neoaof.a uy;df.a mq;d ùuwNsnjd .sh jákdlula ;drl neoaof.a kï fï ;reKhd ;=< wm olskafka tneúks'fï Tyq yd ñysir w;r we;s jQ ixjdofha uqøs; igykhs'

Tng ckudOH iu. we;s

kElu fldhs jf.atllao lsh,d lsjqfjd;a@ iïnkaO fjÉpúÈy lshkak .sfhd;atal fg,s kdgHhlajf.a l;djla fõú'biafldaf,a hk ldf,ab`o,d fï rEmjdySkSudOHhg tkak ´fkalshk woyi ;snqKd' wmsfmdä ldf,a ;uhs,xldfõ rEmjdyskSmgka .;af;a' talshkafka 1979 fhawjqreoafoa' 79 whs' à'tka' tl mgka .;a;.uka uu tafla isxÿjlalshkak .shd' fg,súYkalshkafka fudllaolsh,dj;a okafka kE'f,dl= wh udjtlalrf.k .shyuisxÿj lsh,d wdjd'weú;a tal m%pdrhfjkjd n,kak à' ù'tlla ;sfhk ;eklafydhdf.k ye;eïu.dkla mhska .shd' fldfydu yßbiafldaf,ka whskafjÉp .uka;reKfiajd iNdfõksiaflda ùäfhda lshkmdGud,dj l<d'biafldaf,a hk tlbjr lr.kak ´fkalu;sífí blaukag tafldaia tl lrkak'fldia tl mQ¾K ld,Sk"udi 06 hs' Bg miafiafudlla yß riaidjlafydhd .kak Wjukdj;sínd' tfyu fydhfydh hkfldg wfmaf.or ys;jf;la ysáhd"msh;s,l whshd lsh,d'thd wOHdmkwud;HdxYfha ßhÿre'thd lsjqjd" ±ka Thcd;sl wOHdmkwdh;fka ^ta ojiaj,lSjqfõ CariculamDevelopment Centerlsh,d& tafla ;shkjdiagQäfhda tlla" Thdgfyd`okï t;k yo,dfokakï jev lrkaklsh,d' uu miafiaojil ;d;a;;a tlal.shd tf;kag't;fldg fld<U;sìÉp wh;khuyr.ug f.ke,a,d';du nvq yhslr,dj;akE' ysia ldur' lÜáhbkakjd iagqäfhdayoklka' uu f.oßkan;a tlla ne`of.kWfoag tkjd n;a tlld,d yjig f.orhkjd' yenehs tfyubkakfldg wrTlafldau nvqj,leÜf,dla lshjkak,enqKd' taflka ;uhsuu fglaksl,a me;a;g

ug lshkak Th pek,aj, bkak mßk;

udOHfõÈfhda ljqo lsh,d' tfyu ke;s

fjkak fya;=jla ;sfhkjd' fm!oa.,sl pek,a

lshkafka ìiakia tlla' ta ìiakia tl

we;=f<a Th lshk ;shß ;shdf.k ÿjkak nE'

fïlg ´fka b,a ug iemhqu' b,a ug

iemhqu lshk tl wms Th lshk mßk;

udOHfõÈfhla lrkafka kE' ckudOH lshk

tl ìiakia tlla fkdfjhs' tal i¾úia

tlla' uyck fiajdjla'

fï ìiakia tlg i,a,s tkafka fldfykao"

weâj¾ghsiska j,ska" weâj¾ghsia lrkafka

fudkjf.a ksIamdok .eko@ tajd Ndú;

lrkafka fudkjf.a who@ tfyukka ta

ñksiaiq mdúÉÑlrk foa iefmhqfõ ke;a;x

fïjg weâj¾àiaukaÜ tkafka kE'

wdid fj,d ta me;a;gálla keTqre jqfKa'wjidfka iagQäfhda tlyhs lrkfldg ta ±kqujeo.;a jqKd' m%ikak chfldäud;a tlal tlg;reKfiajd tflafldaia tl lf<a' thdgtï' à' ù' tflariaidjla yïN fj,d;snqKd' thd lsjqjdT;k ysáhg jevla

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lrf.k wdjd'isri mgk .;;gmiafia isrfia ld,hlajev l<d' uq,skau uulf<a ix.S; jevigyka'ta;a tlalu ugwjia:dj yïn jqKd tï'à' ù' tfla m%jD;a;sksIamdol yeáhg jevlrkak' tal f,dl=

wjia:djla jqKd' uq,ska;snqfKa bx.%Sis j;rhs'miafia isxy," fou,taj;a mgka .;a;d'm%jD;a;s mgka .kakwdjd tx.,ka;cd;slfhla' ;j fcda¾Ênd¾Üka lsh,d CEOflfklaTiafÜ%,shdfjka wdjd' ta

fokakd tlal jevlsÍfuka f.dvdla foaj,abf.k .;a;d'm%jD;a;shla ,shk yeá'úldYh fjk fj,dfõfï me;af;a fudkl,n,h ;snqK;am%jD;a;s bÈßm;a lrkflkdg fkd±fkkakthdj fufyhjk yeá'jf.a fndfyda foaj,abf.k .;a;d' wksl;j iafldÜ,ka;cd;slfhla wdjd' .%eyeïlsh,d' .%eyeï ,xldjgweú,a,d wjqreoaolahklï lf<A ,xldfõixialD;sh fudllao"fï whg m%jD;a;shla±fkkafka fldfyduo"jevigykla ±fkkafka

fldfyduo@' ta whgwduka;%Kh lrkak´fka fldhs úÈygojf.a foaj,a wOHkhlrlrmq tl' kuq;af,dl= m%sh;djhla;snqfKa kE isrfia jevfjk úÈy .ek' ta ksiduu taflka whska jqKd' iaj¾Kjdyskshmgka .;a;yu' talgt,sfha b`o,djevigyka lr,dfokak mgka .;a;d'miafia uumQ¾Kld,Skjiaj¾Kjdyskshgne`ÿKd' tfy§ ksoyfiajev lrkak mq¿jkajqKd' t;k § fyd`oñksiaiq álla yïnjqKd wdY%h lrkak' tÉ'ã' fm%aur;ak"frdiaukaâ fiakdr;ak"fyau k,skalreKdr;ak jf.auy;ajreka wdY%hlrkak mq¿jka jqKd'yenehs uu jev lrmqlsis ;ekl fïfjklï ug lems,sweú,a,d kE'idudkHfhkalshkjdfka tfyu'wrhd ug jev lrkakÿkafka kE' fuhd lems<s±ïud jf.a foaj,a' ugtfyu fj,d kE' fmdäfmdä isÿùï ;snqKd'kuq;a tajd wr úÈygw¾: olajkak ;rïmq¿jka tajd fkdfjhs'isri f¾äfhdaj"rEmjdysksh ,xldfõfg,súYka lafIa;%hjf.au iudch;a hïfjkilg ,lal<d' tajf.au Tn ta wdh;kj,wdrïUfha isgu Tjqkatlal jev lr,d ;snqKd'fï fjkfldg w¨;audOH wdh;k ydmqoa.,hka Èfkka Èkfï udOHg tla fjñka

bkakjd' ta .ek Tng;sfnk woyi fudllao@ ´kEu úIhlkHdhd;aul me;a;la;sfhkjdfka' talshkafka b;sydifhaÈ taúIfha jev l<mqoa.,fhda jev lrf.ktoa§ ta whf.a ±kqfukahï hï jev lghq;=lrkjd' ta lrk foaj,ayßhkjd jrÈkjd't;fldg ta foj,aj,skajerÈ ál whska lr,dyß foaj,a ál ;uhs wmsmiafia ldf,l ;shßyeáhg bf.k .kafka'tajd ;uhs bÈßmrïmrdjg ±kqu f,iixirKh fjkafka' ta

ksid yß ál meh.Kklska bf.k .kakwmg mq¿jka fjkjd' ±ka wms hïúÈylska ;shß w;Er,dfjkia úÈylg hulalrkak hkjdlshkafkau" ;shßlvkjd lsh,dlrkafkau ljod yß wrmrK ukqiaifhlalr,d w;Ermq je/oaola;uhs' thd tal Bgmiafia lf<a ke;af;afya;=jla ksid'tfyukï fï ;shßtflka t,shg wms wäh;shkfldgu ±k.kak´fka wms fï lrkakhkafka nhdkl fohlalsh,d' hï fohla;sfhkak mq¿jka todjerÈ jqkdg wog.e,fmk' yenehs tallrkak l,ska fyd`og±k .kak ´fka' ±ka Th ;shßálj;a fkdokakdmqoa.,fhla mgka.kakjd fï úIfha jevlrkak' t;fldg thdyß foaj¨;a lrkjdjerÈ foaj¨;a lrkjd'thd <`.g tkjd ;jf.da,fhla' thd wr álbf.k .kakjd'thdf.ka by< mqoa.,hdl< jerÈ ál;a wrmqoa.,hd lrkjd' Thjf.a mrïmrdj,a ;=klaú;r .shmq .uka wrjerÈ ál ;shß fjkjd' wmg biai,a,dub.ekakqfõ g%hsfmdaâtfla f,j,a lr,dfl,ska leurdj talgyhs lrkak' wo leurdjyhslrkafkau weogfka'fudlo ±ka tal ;shßfj,d';dlaIKh me;a; tfyuwjq,afj,d lshuqfldat;fldg óg fmrmrïmrdfõ ysáh

fm%ulS¾;s o w,aúia jf.audOHfõ§kag ;sìÉp iudchSh±kqu ;sfhkjdo ±ka bkakudOHfõ§kag@ fufyuhs' iuyrúg ±kquwe;s' iuyr úg ±kqu ke;=j;awe;s' iuyr foaj,a ;shkjdfïjd ys;du;d lrkjoke;akï fkd±kqj;aj lrkjdolsh,d ys;d.kak neß' tlierhla ksfõÈldjla úÈygkd,sldjlg iïnkao fjkakwdj .Ekq <ufhla l;d lrmqisxy,j, w.uq, kE"m%ikafÜYka lshk tajd kElsh,d uu ±lald' yenehs b;duby<g bf.k.;a; flfkla'uu weyqjd zzfïjd jerÈhs lsh,d±kf.k ysáfha ke;aoZZ lsh,d'thd lshkjd' zzkE kE uubf.kf.k ;sfhkjd"ksfõolfhl=f.a ld¾HNdrhlsh,d" ta;a uu ys;=fõ kE" tajdtfyïu lrkak ´fka lsh,d'uu ys;=fõ ±ka fï olskak;sfhk úÈfya fohla ;uhsn,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkafkalsh,d'ZZ iuyr úg ±kqu;sfhkjd' kuq;a ta ±kqu mdúÉÑlrkak ´fka ;ek okafka kE'fldfyduo mdúÉÑ lrkafkalsh,d okafka kE' wmg;a Thm%YaKh tk wjia:d ke;af;akE' ;shß ;shdf.k fyñka jevlrf.k hkfldg fï fyda.d,d hk jev wiafia wmsmiaig hhso lsh,;a ysf;kfj,dj,a ;sfhkjd' fudlojeämqr olskak ;sfhk foa;uhs ñksiaiq yß lsh,dms<s.kafka' ys;kakflda tlpek,a tlla ;sfhkjd yßums<sfj,g ;shßj,g fï jefâlrf.k hkjd' ;j pek,a 20la;sfhkjd leurdj wrfygfufyg jk jkd hkjd't;fldg fïfla yß tlñksiaiqkag fydhd .kakmq¿jko lsh,d'hï pek,hla yßhg tafglaksl,a me;a; yiqrjdf.khkjd lshuqflda' kuq;a lshkfoaj,a fuf,da ryla kE'

kd,sldjl ta ta fj,dj,aj, f

ta wdh;kfha ish¨ fok

;drl n

2011 cQ,s 07

ixjdo igyk

ms%hkað;a

wdf,dalnKavdr

wo fjk fldg rfÜ ie,lsh hq;= msßila

rEmjdyskS ne,Su k;r lr,d' ;j ál

ldf,lska fïjd mj;ajdf.k hkak neß

;ekg fï udOH m;a fjkjd' fudlo

ñksiaiqkag n,kak foaj,a kE' yeu pk,a

tflau tlu foa fmkakkafka'

wms niaj, hkfldg wefykjd" zzThd

Bfha wrl ne¨jo fïl" ne¨joZZ lsh,d'

t;fldg wksla tlaflkd k¿fjla .ek

yß ks<sfhla .ek yß fudlla yß

lshkjd' t;fldg fuhd lshkjd" zzkE

wfka ta l;dfõ fkfï thd bkafka wr

l;dfjfkaZZ lsh,d' tfyu meg,s,d

;sfhkafka ±ka ñksiaiqkag' jefâ .ek

wjfndaOhla ke;s msßila fïl wdl%uKh

lr,d'

WodyrKhla yeáhg whs' à' tka'tl' ;j pek,a tlla ;sfhkakmq¿jka fglaksl,a me;a; wjq,akuq;a lshk foaj,a yßu jeo.;a'yßhg isri ksjqia jf.a@ isri m%jD;a;s me;af;kaWäka bkafka wr uu uq,skalshmq mqoa.,fhda fyd`ow;a;sjdrula ±ïu ksid' ta yefâ;du ;sfhkjd' ta wh lsjqfõ"zzWU,d i;shlg md,ï újD;a;lrk ksjqia 10 la odhs' yenehs tafjklka ñksiaiq tf.dv lrmqf;dáhd .ek i`oyka lrkafkakE lsh,d' m%jD;a;sh ;sfhkafkat;k lsh,d' md,u újD;a;lrmq tl;a m%jD;a;shla ;uhs'yenehs tf;la ñksiaiq tf.dvlrmq f;dáhg fõÉp foa;a;snqfKd;a ;uhs m%jD;a;shiunr fjkafkaZZ lsh,d' wms .=rejrekag j¾lafYdmatlla lrkfldg m%jD;a;sj,NdIdj .ek m%YaKhla wdjd'iuyr wh ,sÅ; NdIdfjkalshk tl fyd`ohs lshkjd'iuyr wh jdÑl NdIdfjkalshk tl fyd`ohs lshkjd't;fldg fïflka fldhsloksjerÈ lshk m%Yakh weyqjd' yenehs m%jD;a;siïnkaOfhka f,dalfhauiïu; l%uhla ;sfhkjd'm%jD;a;shla ksjerÈj ñksiaiqkagfokafka fldfyduo lsh,d'ksjqia tllska miafia ñksiaiql<n, fjkjd kï ta ksjqia tl.ek m%YAkhla ;sfhkjd' m%jD;a;shlska biai,a,du±kqj;a lrkak ´fka W.;añksiaiqkajhs' iudch .ekfyd`o ±kqula ;sfhk W.;awhj' W.;a ñksiaiqkag f;afrkNdIdfjka fïl lshkak ´fka'kslx l;d lrk NdIdfjkalsh,d yß hkafka ke;af;atalhs' wksl zzwmg ,enqKqf;dr;=re wkqj''''ZZ lsh,dlshkjd' tfyu lsh,dyßhkafka kE f;dr;=re ÿkakflkd bkak ´fka' tfyufkfuhs kï tal kslx lgl;djla' tl jpkhla tfy

fufy jqkdu f,dl=je/oaola fjkakmq¿jka' tl ierhlaisri ksjqia tfla yÈiskS;shg we`ÈßkS;shlsh,d' yß cxcd,hlajqKd' wksl rEmjdyskSkd,sldjl ta tafj,dj,aj, fmkS ysákmqoa.,hd w; ;uhs tawdh;kfha ish¨fokdf.a riaidj;sfhkafka' thdfudkjd yß wkjYHl;djla lSfjd;a" pek,atl iS,a ;sífnd;amy<u flkdf.a b`okaby<u ;k;=r orkakdolajd ish¨ fokdf.ariaidj,a bjrhs' Th

wdh;kj, by< mqgqj,bkak whj;a fïlyßhg f;areï wrkawe;s njla fmakafka kE'tfyu wjfndaOhla;sfhkjdkïbiafldaf,ka wjqÜfjÉp .uka flfklaf.ke,a,d à' ù' tfla"f¾äfhda tfla m%ikag¾flfkla lrkafka kE' lreKdr;akwfífialr" fm%ulS¾;s ow,aúia jf.a uy;a;=refïl .ek wOHhkhlr,d" fïflane?reïlu ±kf.kjev lrmq wh'kuq;a ±ka bkakm%ikag¾ia,dg"pek,atl jykakfjkafk;a ke;sj"fuf,da ryl=;a ke;sjhï fohla bÈßm;alsÍfï wmQre ±kqula;sfhkjd lsh,dysf;kafka ke;ao@ ug lshkak",xldfõ rcfha kd,sldlsysmfha yereKq fldg"Th pek,aj, bkakmßk; udOHfõÈfhdaljqo lsh,d' tfyuke;s fjkak fya;=jla;sfhkjd' fm!oa.,slpek,a lshkafka ìiakiatlla' ta ìiakia tlwe;=f<a Th lshk ;shß;shdf.k ÿjkak nE'fïlg ´fka b,a ugiemhqu' b,a ug iqmhqulshk tl wms Th lshkmßk; udOHfõÈfhlalrkafka kE' ckudOHlshk tl ìiakia tllafkdfjhs' tal i¾úiatlla' uyck fiajdjla'BBC lshkafka BritishBroadcasting Service,CBC lSfõ CeylonBroadcasting Servicefï ìiakia tlg i,a,stkafka fldfykao"weâj¾ghsiska j,ska"

weâj¾ghsia lrkafkafudkjf.a ksIamdok.eko@ tajd Ndú;lrkafka fudkjf.awho@ tfyukka tañksiaiq mdúÑÑlrk foaiefmhqfõ ke;a;xfïjg weâj¾àiaukaÜtkafka kE' tajdimhkak kï fïmßk; ñksiaiq odf.kfï jefâ lrkak;a nE'fïlg tfyka fufyka"Th cjh ;sfhk ;reKfld,af,da fl,af,daálla ;uhs ´fka'b,a,k fldg ys;kafkake;sj jefâ blauklr,d fok whhs ´fka' wksl ;uhs fï *Sâ

nela tl lshk ldrfKa'

jevigyka n,,d ,shqï

tjkjd' fg,sf*daka

flda,aia fokjd' *elaia

lrkjd B fï,a lrkjd'

wms jevigykala l<dg

miafia talg ,efnk

ck;d m%;spdr ;uhs ta'

tajg ;uhs *Sâ nela

lshkafka' wo f¾äfhda

pek,a tlla m%pdrh

lrk isxÿ .;a;yu

jeäu *Sâ nela tlla tk

isxÿ ;uhs wdmyq m%pdrh

lrkafka'

isxÿjla m%pdrh

lrmqjyu talg ,shqï

1000la flda,a 1000la B

fï,a 1000la tkjd lsh,d

ys;uq' Tlafldu m%;spdr

3000 hs' ;j isxÿjlg

,shqï 500la" flda,aia

500la" Bfï,a 500la

tkjd kï" fï ,efnk

m%;spdr wkqj isxÿj,g

f¾áx tlla yokjd' ta

tk m%;spdr wkqj jeäu

m%;spdr ;sfhk isxÿj

mehg ;=kamdrla m%pdrh

lrkak ;SrKh lrkjd

lshuqflda" B ,`.g

m%;spdr ;sfhk tl mehg

fomdrla m%pdrh lrkjd'

Tkak Th úÈyg l%uhla

;uhs ;sfhkafka'

jvigyka m%pdrh lsÍu;a

ta jf.a ;uhs'

t;fldg wr

m%;spdr .kak úÈy

;sfhkjdfka' ,shqï

fmdaiaÜ ldâ" fïjd

È.Er,d n,mqjyu

f;afrkjd" ta whf.a

uÜgu fudllao lsh,d'

yenehs ta tk ,shqï

m%udKh fyda tajdfhys

,sh,d ;sfhk foaj,a wms

lfrd;a wfkla me;af;aka

fldhs ;rï f,dl=

fm%alaIl msßila" Y%djl

msßila w;Er,d

;sfhkjo lsh,d ys;,d

n,kak' fï f¾äfhda

wyk" fg,súYka n,k"

m;a;r n,k úYd,

msßila fïjg *Sâ nela

ȧ ,shqï ,sh ,shd"

flda,aia ood bkafka kE'

mkS ysák mqoa.,hd w; ;uhs

kdf.a riaidj ;sfhkafk

ta ñksiaiqkag tajd jevla

kE' uu lshkafka fï

rfÜ bkak nyq;rhla

pek,aj,g flda,a lrlr

isxÿ b,a,kafka kE'

t;fldg f.j,aj,g

fj,d lld ìî klx

bkak wh ;uhs isxÿ

b,a,kafka' thd,d ;uhs

l;d lr,d m%ikag¾ia,g

zzwlafla wo Thd yß

,iaikhsZZ jf.a foaj,a

lshjkafka'

wo mdf¾ hkñksiaiq oyfofklatlal l;d lr,dn,kak@ udOHhg fyd`olshk ñksiaiq lSfofkla bkakjo" nkskñksiaiq lS fofklabkakjo lsh,d' oyfofkla .;af;d;a wg

fofkla nksk wh

bkafka' wo udOH

l%hd;aul fjkafka wr 8

w;Er,d fokafkl=f.a

m%;spdrh i,l,hs'

t;fldg ta 20] ;uhs

Th à' ù' tfla fmkakk

lEu cd;s" wrjd fïjd

.kafka'

fï fld<U l%uh

we;=f<a" udOHg ys;e;s.ïj, isák wfma;reK m%cdjg fudlolshkak ;sfhkafka.=reyrelula úÈyg @ udOH bf.k .kakfld<Ug tk fndfydawh wkd: fjkjd'fudlo Th wms l;dlrmq iodpdr iïmkak

ckudOHlrefjd"wdh;k yd Ndú;dj ±kakE' ta lshkafka talioygu kE lshk tlfkfï' tal wdfh;ald,hl§ yefohs' hïflfkla ys;kjdkïfïlg ßx.,dfyd`ojevla lrkak´fka lsh,d' talgld,h fkfuhs fï' wo fjk fldgrfÜ ie,lsh hq;=msßila rEmjdyskS ne,Suk;r lr,d' ;j álldf,lska fïjdmj;ajdf.k hkak neß;ekg fï udOH m;afjkjd' fudloñksiaiqkag n,kakfoaj,a kE' yeu pk,a

tflau tlu foafmkakkafka' wmsniaj, hkfldgwefykjd" zzThd Bfhawrl ne¨jo fïl"ne¨joZZ lsh,d't;fldg wkslatlaflkd k¿fjla .ekyß ks<sfhla .ek yßfudlla yß lshkjd'

t;fldg fuhdlshkjd" zzkE wfka tal;dfõ fkfï thdbkafka wr l;dfjfkaZZlsh,d' tfyu meg,s,d;sfhkafka ±kañksiaqikag' jefâ .ekwjfndaOhla ke;smsßila fïl wdl%uKh

lr,d' ta ksidfg,súYkaj,skan,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkfoaj,a fkfuhs fïfmkakkafka'f¾äfhdaj, m%pdrhfjkafka' tfyu wiafiawms fyd`o fohla fokak´fka lsh,d fïievmyrg neiaigjevla fjkafka kE'yenehs jeiai mEjqjyuTh iev myr k;rfjkjd' t;lka Thbjqrg fj,d wmg állabkak fjkjd't;fldg Tn úiajdilrk mQ¾jdo¾YSudOHfõÈhd .ek ;jálla lsõfjd;a@ uf.a fm!oa.,slu;h wkqj udOHfõÈhdlshkafka f.or ;d;a;djf.a' f.or <uhs ál;uhs iudch lshkafka'<uhskaf.a iqfjkialula mjd;d;a;g ±fkkak ´fka';d;a;d ta orejkag.=reyrelï Èh yelsuÜgfï isáh hq;=hs' neßfj,dj;a fï<uhs tl;= fj,d;d;a;g .ykjdkït;k je/oao ;sfhkafka<uhskaf.a fkfuhs';d;a;f.a' fudlo;d;a;f.a fld;k yßjereoaola ;sfhkjd'iudcfha bkak whudOHfõÈhdg.ykjdkï ta .=álkudOHfõÈhdf.a f,dl=m%Yakhla ;sfhkjd' myq.sh ldf,aysgmq m%ùkudOHfõÈfhda tfyu.=áldmq wh fkfï' tawh fudkjd yß ierglsjqj;a ñksiqiq okakjdta wh fya;=jla we;sj;uhs fï foaj,alshkafka lsh,d' wms tawhj wdrlaId lrkak´fka lsh,d' f.orl;atfyufka ;d;a;d.eyqjg <uhs ;d;a;g.ykak hkafka kEfka';d;a;d kslx îf.kweú;a wrEghs uQghsTlafldgu .ykjdkï<uhs neßu ;ek;d;a;g .ykjd'iïudk Wf,<j,a .ekTn fudkjf.a woyilaoorkafka@ Ôúf;ag uuiïudk Wf,<lgjevigyklaj;a od,dkE' fudlo uu ;r.lrkak leu;s kE' wvqu;rfï biafldaf,a§iafmdaÜiaj;a lf<a kE'fudlo tafla ;rf.gÿjkak fjk ksid' Tfya Èjõjgwmg ,efnk fohlakE' me;a;lg fj,dmdvqfõ ;ukaf.a jevlalrf.k ysáhyutaflka ldg;a hym;lafjkjd'

neoaof.a

2011 uehs08 2011 cQ,s

Èhqkqhehs iïu;

ñksidf.ka mßirhg jQydksh .ek lshkakgf,dj we;s fyd`ouWodyrKhla kï r;=bkaÈhdkq kdhlisheg,a tjlgwefußldkq ckdêm;sjisá ckrd,a *%Ekala,Skamsh¾ia fj; ,shk ,o,smshhs' 1855 jif¾ ,shQ fï,smsh Tn w;g m;alrkafka todg;a jvdtys jeo.;a lu wo oyia.=Khlska ±fkkksidfjks' fjdYskagka kqjrisák uy f,dlaldwfma bvï ñ,hg.kak i;=gqhs lshdokak,d tj,d;sfhkjd' Wkakefyaf.ahd¿lu;a fyd`o ys;;awmg okak,d tj,d;sfhkjd' talfndfydau lreKdjka;l%shdjla' uka±hs lSfjd;awfma hd¿ lfukajevla ke;s nj wmokak ksid' ta jqk;a wmsTfí fhdckdj .eki<ld n,kjd' fudlowms wfma bvïúl=kakafka ke;akïiqÿ ñksyd ;=jlal=jwrf.k weú;a wfmabvï .kak nj wmsokakjd' wyi"uyfmdf<dfõ WKqiquñ,hg .kafkaj;a

úl=Kkafkaj;afldfyduo@ tal wmgkqyqre woyila' jd;fhawe;s kejqï .;sh;a"c,fha Èÿ,k ldka;sh;awmg whs;s foa fkdfõkï tajd fldfyduoñ,hg .kafka' fï uyfmdf<dfõ we;s yeuìï w`.,lau uf.ack;djg w;s mdßY=oaOhs'tys yeu È,sfyk mhskal+rlau je,s ;,dfjkajeiS.sh yeu fjr,;Srhlau" wkaoldrjkdka;rfha yeu óÿïmg,hlau" yeut<suyklau rEx rEx.df.k tk iEu ueisuÿrefjlau wmi,lakafka w;s mdßY=oaOfoa yeáhghs' ;=reysiau;ska yud hk iq,x /<s f.kshkafka r;=ñksyf.a u;l igyka' iqÿ ñksyd ñh.shmiq ;re w;ryeisfrkak .shyuTjqkag Tjqkaf.a Wmkaìu wu;l fjkjd' fï,iaik fmdf<dj r;=ñksidf.a ud;dj ksidwfma u,jqkag tafmdf<dj wu;lfjkafka kE' wmsfmdf<dfõ fldgilafmd<dj wfma fldgila'iqj`o lejqKq u,a wfmaifydaorfhda uqjd"

wIajhd rdcd,shd ta wfmaifydaorfhda' .,a l=¿";K ìfï hqI" wYajkdïnkaf.a isref¾WKqiqu yd ñksid fïfldal;a whs;s jkafkatlu mjq,g' b;sx fjdIskagkakqjr isák uyf,dlald wfma bvïñ,hg .kakleue;af;ka bkakjdhlsh,d lshkfldgwfmka b,a,kafkafokav neß fohla' uyf,dlald okak,d tj,d;sfhkjd wmg iqjmyiq we;sj Ôj;afjkak wmg fjka lrmq;ekla fokjhs lsh,d'Wkakefya wmg;d;af;la fjkj¨' wmsWkakefyf.a orefjdafjkj¨' ta ksid wfmabvï ñ,hg .kak lrmqfhdackdj wms i,ldn,uq' yenehs f,aismyiq jevla fjkafkakeye' fudflda fïN+ñh wmg Y=oaO N+ñhla' we< fod< .x.dj,.,d niskafka wfmauq;=ka ñ;a;kaf.a f,a'wms ;uqkakdkafigbvï úlafld;a ta bvïw;s mdßY=oaOhs lshktl ;uqkakdkafia u;l;shd .kak ´fka' tajf.au ;uqkakdkafif.aorejkag;a W.kak,dfokak ´fka tajdmdßY=oaO nj' meyeÈ,s

c,fha ms<sìUq ùfmfkk yeuPdhdjlskau lshdmdkafka uf.ack;djf.a Ôú;fha ta taisoaê yd u;l igykanj' c,h uquqKkfldgwefykafka uf.awmamÉÑf.;a wmamÉÑf.algy`vhs'we< fod< .x.d wfmaifydaorfhda' wfmamsmdih ksjkafka .x.d'.x.d ;uhs wfma Tremdre f.kshkafka' wms wfma bvï;uqkakdkafigúlafld;a ;uqkakdkafia

u;l ;shd .kak ´kE';uqkakdkafif.a ¥orejkag;a W.kakkak´fka fï we< fod<.x.dj,gifydaorfhl=g olajklreKdj .x.dj,golajkak' Wod ysre <`.d fjkfldg óÿu myq nyskúÈyg r;= ñksy;ayeuúgu iqÿ ñksydbÈßfha miq neiaid' ta;awfma uq;=kañ;a;kaf.aw¿ wmg mdßY=oaOhs' taf.d,a,kaf.a fidfydka

we;s fï ìu wmgY=oaON+ñ' ta ksid fï l`ÿuqÿka" fï .ia fld,ka"uy fmdf<dfõ fï ìïfldgi wmg lemflreKq foa'wfma .;s mej;=ï iqÿñksid fkdokakd njwms okakjd' iqÿ ñksidrd;%sfha weú;a ;ukag´fka foa fmdf<dfjka,nd .kakwd.ka;=lfhla ksid tañksyg fldhs N+ñh;a

tlhs' fmdf<dj thdf.aifydaorfhla fkfï'i;=frla' tl ;eklach .;a;dhska miafia;j;a ;eklg hkjd'thd hkafka thdf.auq;=kañ;a;kaf.afidfydka w;yer,d'lsisu lelal=ula ke;sj'thd thdf.auq;=kañ;a;kaf.afidfydka" oreuqkqnqrkaf.a ckauWreuh wu;llrodkjd' thd thdf.auEKshka jykafia jkuy fmdf<dj;a thf.aifydaorhd jk

wdldih;a i<lkafkaneg¨jka f,ihs'tfyu;a ke;a;xÈ,sfyk mn¿ jf.a'i,a,sj,g .kav;ameyer .kav;aúl=Kkav;a mq¿jka foayeáhghs' ta lEorluuyfmdf<dj .s,f.kldka;drhla b;sßlrfoaú' uu okafka kE'wfma .;s isß;a;uqkakdkafia,df.a .;sisß;aj,g jvd fjkia';uqkakdkafia,df.a

k.r ±laldu r;=ñksiaiqkaf.a weiaj,gl`ÿ¿ tkjd' iuyr úgr;= ñksyd ïf,aÉpfhlaksid Th foafkdf;afrk ksidfjkav we;s' iqÿ ñksyf.ak.rj,g ksial,xl;ekla keye' jika;ldf,a .iaj, fld<È.yefrk ioafog" l=vdi;=kaf.a ir irioafog lka §f.k

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c,h msif.k yukiq<f`.a kdfog;a" oyj,ajeiafika msßisÿ jqKqtfia;a ke;akï"foajOdr .iaj, iqj`Èkaiqj`oj;a jqkq ta iq<f`.aiqj`og;a r;= bkaÈhdkqñksid m%sh lrkjd' r;=ñksydg jd;h b;dujákjd' uka±hs lSfjd;a"yeu fohlau" .yfld,"i;disjqmjqka" ukqIHhkafï yefudau yqiqu.kak tlu jd;h .ekiqÿ ñksydg ±kqulaj;ake;sjd jf.hs' ojia

.Kkla ;siafia mKwÈk ñksfyla jf.athdg .`o iqj`o±fkkafka kE'yenehs wms wfma bvï;uqkakdfia,dgúlafld;a jd;h wmsfndfydu w.h lrkfohla nj;a" taflkamK /l fok yeufohla tlalu ta Ôjjdhqj fnodf.k ;sfnknj;a wu;lfkdlrkav ´fka' wfma uq;a;dguq,skau yqiau ÿka fïiq<`.u ;uhsWkakefyaf.a wjikayqiau ndr .;af;a;a'wfma orejkg;a ta Ôjjdhj iq<f`.ka,efnkav ´kE' tajf.au wfma bvï;uqkakdkafigúlafld;a" tajd fjkalr,d Y=oaO N+ñ yeáhg;K ìfï u,aj,skaiqj`ojqKq mjka iqj`oú`Èkakg iqÿ ñksyg;a.sh yels ;eka yeáhg;shd.kak ´kE' b;sx wfma bvïñ,hg .kak lrmqb,a,Su wms i<l,dn,kakï' ta b,a,Sums,s.kav wms ;SrKhlf<d;a tlfldkafoaishla mKjkav;sfhkjd' iqÿ ñksydfï N+ñfha bkak i;a;=;ukaf.a ifydaorfhdayeáhg i<lkav ´kE'

fldaÉÑhl hk.uka iqÿ ñksyd fjä;sh,d urd odmqoyia.Kka óuqkaf.al=Kqjqkq u, isrere uu;k ìïj, ±l,d;sfhkjd' wmg Ôj;afjkav jqjukd ksiduú;rla wms urK óuqkagjeäfhka Th ÿï odkhlv wYajhd jeo.;afjkafka fldfyduolshk tl ïf,aþpugkï f;afrkafka kE' ;uqkakdkafi,d;uqkakdkafi,df.aorejkag W.kakkak´fka" fmdf<dj wfma

uEkshka jykafia nj'fmdf<djg hïla isoaOjqfkd;a fmdf<dfõmq;=kag;a ta foau isoaofjkjd' Ôú;h lshk±, úõfõ ñksydfkfjhs' ñksyd ta ±f,atl kQ,a fmdgla ú;rhs'ñksyd ±,g lrk foa;udgu lr.kakfohla' tAfldfydu jqK;a uf.ack;djg ;uqkakdkafiafjka lr ;sfhkjhslshk jdi N+ñhg hkavlsh,d lrk b,a,Su wms

i,ld n,kjd' wmsfjka ù idufhka Ôj;afjkakï' wfma b;sßldf,a fldfya.;flrej;a fjkilakE' ;ukaf.a wmamÉÑ,dmrdcfhka oK wek ysáúÈy wfma orefjda ±l,d;sfhkjd' wfma rKiQrfhda ,eÊcd ú`o,d;sfhkjd' merÿkdhskamiafia' ±ka ta Woúhojia f.jkafka ldf,alld" ri lEuj,skq;a"ier îu j,skq;a YÍrhnd,aÿ lrf.k' wfmab;sß ojia ál fldfya.;flrej;a ±kaldßhla keye' tal ta;rï ldf,l=la fkfï';j meh lsysmhla"fyauka; iD;= lsysmhla.; fõú' Bg miafia;uqkakdkafi,d jf.aun,j;a";uqkakdkafi,dgjf.au n,dfmdfrd;a;=;snqK ck;djlf.afidfydka u;je,fmkav fïfmdf<dfõ l,laießierE ta uydf.da;%j, orefjda wo;a;ju jk frdoj, ießirk fmdä fmdälKavdhïj, orefjdalsisflfkla fkdb`§ú'ta;a uf.a ck;djf.awNdjh .ek uufudkjgo je,fmkafka'f.d;% yefokafkañksiqkaf.ka Bg jvd

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wyi" uyfmdf<dfõ WKqiqu ñ,hg .kafkaj;a úl=Kkafkaj;a fldfyduo@ tal wmg

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2011 cQ,s 09

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frdays; NdIK wfíj¾Ok

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BBC ixfoaYh $ nQkaÈ fjì wvúh

frdays; NdIK wfíj¾Ok

032011 cQ,s10

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bkaÈhdfõ nex.f,darhflakaø lr.ksñkal%shd;aul jk úµdjms<sn`o bkaÈhdkqwdh;kh yd iïnkaOjfulS úIhka ms<sn`ojfndfyda m¾fhaIKj,ksr; úh' mßirys;ldólDIsl¾udka;h" wdydriqrlaIs;;djh" nqoaêuhfoam, ysñlu" ffcjúúO;ajh" cdk;dlaIKh"f.da,shlrKh jeksúIh lafIa;%hkaj,§

wef.a uyck ys;ldó"mßir ys;ldóodhl;ajh w;suy;aúh' uE; b;sydih ;=<f,dalfha we;s jQf.da,ShlrK ;;a;ajh;=< ñksia m%cdjkamuKla fkdj;¾ckhg ,lajk ish¨biõ ms<sn`o ±kqu my<uÜgfï ck;dj fj;ldkaÿ lsÍfï§ wdpd¾hjkaokd Ysjdf.anqoaêuh ueÈy;a ùu"odhla;ajh ft;sydislh' bkaÈhdfõmuKla fkdj wdishdj"wm%sldj" ,;skawefußldj hkl<dmj,;aiaúÜi¾,ka;h"

ñys;,hg jkaokd l< wmQre bkaÈhdkq wdpd¾hjßhwh¾,ka;h" Tiaá%hdjjeks rgj,;a mßirhiïnkaOfhkal%shd;auljkl%shdoduhkayS§ b;dumy< uÜgfï ixúOdk"lKavdhï" mqoa.,hskafj; olajk iyfhda.hksid jkaokd kduhf,dj mqrd m%p,s; ù;sfí' úfYaIfhka fujeksrgj,aj, uE; ld,fhal%shd;aul jQ cdkbkaðfkare ;dlaIKhgtfrys l%shdoduhkayS§"

wehf.a úfrdaO;djhnqoaêuh jYfhka b;dmy< ia;rfha isg,ndfoakkg wehlemùfuka lghq;=lrk nj fmfkkakg;sfnhs' 1982 jif¾§ fïúIhka ms<sn`ojeäÿrg;a l%shd;aulùfï wruqkska wehúiska m¾fhaIKwdh;khla wdrïnl<dh' kuq;a miqjzkjqodkhZ kñk wehwdrïN l< cd;sljHdmrh bkaÈhdj ;=<f.da,shlrKh úiskajk úkdYh wjulsÍfï jevms<sfjf,am%uqL ld¾HNdrhlabgqlrkakg iu;a úh'

zkjqodkhZ cd;sljHdmdrh bkaÈhdjgf.da,sh fj<`om, rgjúiska wysñ lrñka;sfnk idïm%odhsllDIsl¾udka;h;a"f.dúhka ;=< mj;akdidïm%Odhsl lDIs{dKh;a" ixrlaIKhlrkakg uy;aodhl;ajhla olajkjHdmdrhla njgfkdfnda l,lskau m;ajQfha wdpd¾hjkaokdf.a ¥ro¾YS±lafï m%;sm,hla

f,ih' zkjqodkhZjHdmdrh ta i`oydbkaÈhdfõ b;d my<uÜgfï m%cd ixúOdkiu. cd, .;fjñka;j ;j;a ;uYla;su;aNdjh ;yjqrelf<ah' iuia: bkaÈhdjmqrd j`oùfï ;¾ckhg,laj ;snQ" bkaÈhdjgwdfõksl idïm%odhslîc j¾. 2000 lgwêl m%udKhlaixrlaIKh lrkakgzkjqodkhZ cd;sljHdmdrhg yels ù we;snj wE mjikjd'bkaÈhdfõ m%dka; 13 lmsysg jQ 50 lg wdikakîc nexl= m%udKhlafï ld¾H i`oyd il%Shj

odhl fjñka isákjd'70"000 lg wêlidudðl msßilazkjqodkZ jHdmdrh ydtlaj lghq;= lrkjd' îc iïnkaOfhkanyqcd;sl iud.ïj,ueÈy;a ùu ±äjisÿfjñka mj;sk;;a;ajhla ;=< 2004§bkaÈhdfõ vQka je,sm%foaYfha weh úiskacd;Hka;r wOHkwh;khla wdrïN lsÍuldf,daÑ; ueÈy;aúulanjhs fndfyda fokd

mjikafka' bkaÈhdfõ ndiqu;S";sß`.=" ;Ska hk wdydrfnda. uxfld,a,hkagúreoaOj Yla;su;ajke.S isá wh w;rweh;a wef.ajHdmdrh;a m%uqLld¾Ndrhla bgqlr;sfnkjd' 20 lg wêlúIhdkqnoao fmd;aixLdjla weh úiskaiïmdokh fldg;sfnkjd' wef.a m<uq.%ka:h m< lf<a 1988§' zzÔj;aj isàuZZ(Staying alive) tyskuhs' ;=kajkf,dalfha lka;djms<sn`o ±lau kj

udkhlg /f.k hdui`oyd u;hlaf.dvkE.Sug zÔj;ajisàuZ lD;sh ;=<ska wehW;aidy ord ;sfnkjd' 1990 § weh f,dalwdydr yd lDIsl¾uixúOdkh Wfoidiïmdok l<zzbkaÈhdfõfndfydauhla f.dùkaldka;djkahZZ keue;sjd¾;dfjka fmrÈ.rgj,aj," úfYaIfhkabkaÈhdfõlDIsl¾udka;h i`oydldka;d odhl;ajfha;ru fldmuK±hs b;dmeyeÈ,sj bÈßm;alrkakg iu;a jqKd' f,dal fj<`oixúOkfha wys;lrn,mEï yuqfõ wehúiska thg tfrysjf.khk ,oúfrdO;djhka b;du;aYla;su;a mokul isgl%shd;aul l< tajd úh' fï wiu iul%shdldÍ;ajh;a" ¥ro¾YSkdhl;ajh fya;=fjkawehg .re kïnq kdufukau fkdfyd`ofkdlaldvqo ,enqKqwjia:d ke;af;afkdfjhs' kuq;a 2003jif¾§ f,dalm%lgghsï i`.rdj wehjf,dalfha n,j;auikaksfõolhska 05fokd w;ßka talwfhl= f,i;a"mdßißl ùrjßhlaf,i;a y`ÿkajd ;snqKd'

j`oùfï ;¾ckhg ,laj ;snQ bkaÈhdjg wdfõksl idïm%odhsl îc j¾. 2000lg wêl

m%udKhla ixrlaIKh lrkakg kjqodkh cd;sl jHdmdrhg yels ù we;s nj weh mjikjd'

bkaÈhdfõ m%dka; 13 l îc msysg jQ 50 lg wdikak îc nexl= m%udKhla fï ld¾H i`oyd

il%Shj odhl fjñka isákjd' 70"000 lg wêl idudðl msßila kjqodk jHdmdrh yd tlaj

lghq;= lrkjd'

ufyaIa r;akdhl

112011 cQ,s

k.skak'''''' k.skak''''' k.skakflda

u,a,S'''''Wvg'''''''Wvguy;a;hd nßkï Wvg fjkak nyskak'''''nyskak''''''''nyskakhkak'''''hkak'''''''''hkak'''''''''ueÈka bv fokak''''''''''''biairyg'''''''''''miaig''''''''''''''''miaig fjkakflda kx.s'''''''''''''''''biairyg''''''miaig''''''miaig fjkakflda kx.S'''''''''.kak .kak álÜ'''''''flda'''''''' Tng;a ug;a yqre mqreÿ fuu fonia ud,dj ,xldfõ fmaÿre;=vqfõ isg fojqkaor ;=vqj olajd;a" fld<U isg uvl,mqj olajd;aidfmalaI NdId fjkialï fkdue;skï tl f,iu ±kSu wreuhlafkdfõ' nia r:h wm ldg;a fmdÿ m%jdyK udOHhhs' bxðfkare w¾:±laùu wkqj kï nia r:h hkq u.Ska m%jdykh lrkq ,nk úYd,m%udKfha fudg¾ ßhla jk w;r th tla;rd wdrïNhla iy.ukdka;hla olajd w;r ueo kej;=ï ia:dko miqlr .uka lrhs' (AA large motor vehicle designed to carry passengers between stoppingplaces along a regular route) fuu ks¾jpkh kï b;du iqugh' iqugnj w;aú`§ug kï nihlg f.dv ù ne,sh hq;=h' nihlg k.sk ydbka nei kslau hk u.sfhl= hkq u.sfhl=u ñi fm!oa.,sl fiajd fydamjq,a ixia:djka yS .re kïnq ysñ wfhl= f,i ms<s.ekSula zznifhaiudchZZ ;=< fkdfõ' ta ksid uy;a;=re u,a,s,d njg m;a ùu tlS .ukamrdih ;=<§ kï t;rï wm%ikak fkdjkafka bka tyd .shd jQms<s.ekSula ,nkakg u.sfhl= f,ig lsisfjl= nifha iudch ;=< §wfmalaId l< hq;= ;rfï mqKH lghq;a;la neúks'

zurK ;=kla we;s ñksfyla meKs lEhZ hk lshuk u.sfhdajk wmg kqyqre fkdjkafka h' ;;a;ajh flfia fj;;a u.sfhl= tktfla t,af,kafka hkakg tlla ke;s jQ úg lkakg fjk lÜfÜ rifyd`oska okakd ksidh' wms f,i tla jQ fï iudch ;=< ^uu + wms =iudch& uu;ajho jdKsc lrKhg ,la ù we;s wdldrh nifha iudch;=,ska fyd`Èka úoHdudk lr.; yelsh'

yqÿ ,dN bmehSu muKlau wfmalaId fldg .;a fm!oa.,sl niafldïmeks úiska urKfhka wm .,jd fok foúfhda ;uka hehs ;ukajuy`ÿkajd .kakd wre;a joka ni r: ;=< ±lsh yelsh' zzfoúfhda jekshwmf.a ßhÿre uy;dZZ oyil=;a foaj rEm w;r fï foúfhda wmg w,a,d.; yels ksidu mkai,l§ fyda foajd,hl§ wmg fkdfmfkk foúhkagjvd by<h' fï foúhka jykafia úfgl b;d fõ.fhkao ;j;a úfglwelairf,agrhla ke;a;d fia ukao.dójo fojqf,dj lrd wmj /f.kh;s' tfia hk tk u.S wmg .ukdka;fha§ b;sß jkafka w;a md fõokdj"fjõ,Su" isfhd,`. wm%dKsl;ajh" fldkao yd ykaÈm;a reodj muKs'tjeks iem wka lsisÿ .ukl§ fkdfõ'

nia iudcfha u.Ska f,i wmg udkj ysñlï m%ldYkh j,x.=fõ±hs ldf.ka fyda m%Yak l< fkdyel' úksiqre ßhÿre wiqfkah' ke;skïfldkafodia;r ;ekh' hqla;sh" idOdrK;ajh" fyd`oys;" kS;sh ysiu;;nd.;a wmo ksyvju nifhka nei hkafka jfÜ bkak Wka lgmshdf.k isákjdhehs foia fofjd,a ;nñks'

l¿ ksl fidhkakd fia w;ßka m;r uy;audKqNdjfhka ,hlelErekq yd tfia yeisfrk ñksiqka nia iudch ;=<o fkbkakjdfkdfõ' nia r:hg k.sk u.shd Wi" ñá" iqÿ" l¿ fudl jqj;a mx;shlula jqj;a ia;%S mqreI jqj;a uy; fofy; isrerlg ysñlï lshkafkakï ;;a;ajh lK.dgqodhlh' tjekakl= nia r:hg w; ±uQ ú.i ßhÿrefoúhkaf.a mh welai,f¾grhg nr fjkafka ksrdhdifhks' álÜlsysmhlg fjkal< yels bv tla álÜm;lg fjka lsÍu fld;rïwidOdrKhlaoehs Tjqka is;kjd úh hq;=h'iqrEmS" úrEmS ms<sn`o fld;rï l;d lSj;a úrEmS fyda úhm;a wfhla ÿgqúg fldkafodia;r ;ekf.a weg ke;s Èj kefukd whqre yoj;ska wmwkqu; lruq'whsfhda fudkd lrkjo ukaod kdlsÉÑ'''u. hkak mK kE''''hx'''hx'''od,d'''hdx'''''''tjeks wjia:dj, wm fldkafodia;r ;ekg lsisod fodia fkdlshkafkuq'lsisjla lSug we;akï ryiska f;m,kafkuq'tflfkysuwd k.skak k.skak ñia '''''u,a,S neye,d bv fokjflda''''yß ñia biairyg hkak ñia'''''

wksjd¾hfhkau ta zzfmdIaZZ fmkqula we;a;shlg muKlau úhhq;=uh'

iuia: ,xlSh iudcfha levm;la n`ÿ fï wmQre nia iudchúksúo ±lSug kï wm ldgla wmuK jq bjisfï .=Khlao ;sìh hq;=uh'foijka ikik .S; fjkqjg nia u.Ska jk wmg ri ú`okakg fjkafkanv o`.,k fld;a;= ßoï .S;h' wlue;s jqj;a fkdjQj;a nifhka nei.shwfma foijka ;=< ;j;a meh .Kklg /õ ms<s/õ fokafka fï fld;a;=ßoï .S;uh' mS,s mek .sh by< ridiajdoh ;=< .Shl wdYajdoh ú`o.;fkdyels" ye.Sï ±kSï ke;s ,dÿre frda.Ska njg wm m;a fjñkaisákafkuq' wkd.;hg wm /f.k hkafka ye`.Sï ±kSï ke;s ta lhmuKs'

nifha ;j;a ri l;d fndfydah' kuq;a .ukdka;h meñK;sfí' ó ,`. nifha yuqjkf;la biairyska nyskak'''''

udre ù ;sfí' fuu úÊcdj wE lf<a flfiao@ fhdjqka úfha§ t<UqKq újdyh wkd¾f.a Ôú;hg fjia

j,df.k meñKs wdYS¾jdohla jQfhao@ ^tfia kï th l,d;=rlska isÿjkakla hehs ug isf;a&

uf.a újdyh isÿ jkafka 2002 jif¾§' uf.a ieñhdg ud lsú`Èhl nj fy<slr isáfha újdyfhka

miqjhs' mqrd wjqreÿ myla yhla ,shQ lú ud tod uf.a ieñhdg fmkakqjd' ta w;r Tyq .ek ,shQ lúo ;snQ

w;r tajd ieñhd ÿgqfõ toduhs' Tyq meñKsfha idys;Huh miqìula iys; mjq,lska' ieñhdf.a mshd

flál;d rplfhla fukau idys;H .=rejrfhlao úh' ta ksid uf.a lú ,sùu Tyq m%Yakhla lr.;af;a kE'

uf.a ieñhdg;a lú ,sùfï yelshdjla ;snqK;a uf.a lú ÿgqjdhska miq Tyqf.a lú ,sùu k;r jQjd" hehs

weh fid`ÿre ljglulao l<dh' tod uf.a lú lshjQ Tyq ug jQ fmdfrdkaÿj jQfha fï lú tl;=j fmd;la

f,i m< lr ud fj; ;Hd. lrk njhs' thhs zzis;=ju fkdwe`È mskai,ZZ f,i 2004 j¾Yfha uqøKfhka

msgjQfha' tod isg wo ud lrkafka lúh l=regq .Eu muKhs' th mß.Kl .;lrk ;ek isg m%ldYkhla

olajd yev .iajkafka Tyqhs' uf.a lúj, m<uq rislhd jkafka o uf.a ieñhdhs' uf.a lú foi Tyq

n,kafka w¨; Wmka orejl= foi n,kakd fia i;=glska' lsisfjl= udj we.hSug m;a lroa§ Tyq b;du

i;=gq jkafkla' lshùug jqjukd ish¨ fmd; m; ug /f.k tkafka Tyqh' fïjd lshúh hq;= ke;ehs

lsisjla Tqyf.a jdrKhg ,la jkafka kE' ±ka Tn ud yuqùug meñK isákjd fiau uf.a ks¾udK ms<sn`o

l;d lsÍug msßñ wh yuqù idlÉpd lsÍfï wjia:dj ug i<id § ;sfnkjd' kuq;a wfma .fï iïm%odfha

yeáhg .eyeKqkag yd msßñkag uqK.eiS l;d lsÍu iqÿiq kE' uf.a iydhlhd jk Tyq ud fjkqfjka

;uqkaj iïmQ¾Kfhka lem l< wfhla' hehs wkd¾ mejiqfõ b;du ye`.Sï nrjh'

.eyeKshlf.a jia;= úIh .eyeKshla jQ ;ekays§ wefik fmdÿ m%Yak lsysmhlao wm wehg fhduq

l< w;r tys§ weh l< §¾> úia;r l;khkaf.a idrdxYhla fj; wm ±ka fhduq fjuq'

ia;%Sjdoh fmrgqfldgf.k wo fndfyda wh lsú ,shd ;sfnkjd' tajd iuyrla b;d m%N, ks¾udKhka'

iuyr wh wo th fudaia;rhla lrf.k ysia m%,dmhka rpkd lrkjd' ks¾udKhla i¾j iïmQ¾K jkafka

tlï foa" tlu úÈyg" tlu ;ek m,a ùug bv fkdyeÍfukqhs' ia;S%ka f,i wmg ch .ekSug fndfyda

wNsfhda. ;sfnkjd' lú ,shkakshla kï ;udj uldf.k fyda Bg uykais úh hq;=hs' úfõpkh fy,d ±lSu

jeks l,yldÍ f>daYdjka uOHfha jqjo ia;%Ska ;ukaf.a y`v ;j ;j;a n,j;aj ke.sh hq;=hs' iajdëkj

is;k m;k .eyeKqka ;uka ms<sn`oj ±ä wd;au Yla;shla we;a;shka" fï fm%davdldÍ lE flda .eiSï

.Kklgj;a fkd.kq we;ehs wkd¾ iaÓrju lshd isáhdh'

wef.a lú úuid ne,Sfï § úfgl wm úYauhg m;ajk iq fhÿï wef.a lúj, wka;r.; lr

;sfnK nj fmfka' wm úYauhg m;a jkafka ukao@ ta wfma T¿f.ä ;=< uqia,sï ckj¾.h yd Tjqkaf.a

ixialD;sh wm Wml,amkh lrk ;rugu fkdfõo@

wkd¾ jeks ;eke;a;shlg lsis Èkhl fhÈh fkdyels hehs wm is;k iuyr fhÿï wef.a

ldjHhkaf.ka fidhd.; yels fõ' WodyrKhla f,i ta ia;%S wjhjhka b,lal fldg.;a jpk hehs wm

bÈßm;a l<fyd;a túg wef.a lú flf¾ ljrdldr úfõpkhka yd úfrdaOhka yUd tkafka ±hs wm ;=<

l=;=y,hla úh' lú ,shk fyda wmf.a mdGl iudcfha fyda tjeks úfõpk f.k tau wvqhs' ;ñ,akdvqfõ

isák i,aud" l=Üáf¾j;S jeks lsú`Èhka Tn lshk wdldrfha úfõpkhkag uqyqK § ;sfnkjd' ia;%S YÍrh

W;al¾Yhg kkajd ,sùu yd .eyeKqkaf.a wjhj b,lal fldg ,sùu iyuq,skau fjkia wdldrhka folla'

iuyre ys;kafka hï ia;%S wjhjhla .ek ,súu kQ;kjd§ lúhla ke;skï ia;%Sjd§ lúhla jkq we;s njhs'

yels ;rï jpk yrU fhÿjo w¾:h w;ska tajd ysia' lúhg Bgu wdfõKsl jQ .;s <laIK ;sfnkjd'

fndfyda úg uq ks¾udKhu;a tys we;s jeo.;alu mokï lr .ekSu;a fjkuu f;areula f.k tk iq hs'

tys§ lïmkhla fukau le/,a,lao we;s fjkjd' .eUqre ye`.Sï iu. ;SlaIKj ,shk ia;%S foaYmd,khg

wh;a lúj,ska Th jeks jpk wyïfnka jf.a uqK .efikjd' kuq;a th m%Yakhla fkdfõ' l=Üá f¾j;S

keue;s lú ldßksh ;k mqvq .ek lrk fujka i`oyklg ljqre fyda tfrys ùu jà o@

msiod yeßh fkdyels - l`ÿ¿ ì`ÿ folla jeksh

rErd jefgkakg ;;kñka ;sfnk

kej; wef.a È.yefrk lúj, Ôjh fidhd hkakg wms fÉrka iu. tlafjuq'

ksy`v jqj;a wkd¾f.a lúj,ska lshdmdk foaYmd,k Ñ;%h b;d jeo.;ah' Wia y`äka" fldamfhka

f;drj meyeÈ,sj;a" WmdhYS,Sj;a" fi!kao¾hd;aulj;a wE ish woyia m%ldY lr isà' iaùh n,h" Bg

.e<fmk foú foaj;djqka" úuqla;sh w;am;a fldg.;a wdkkaouh ;;a;ajh" ta yd noaO jQ isysk wkd¾f.a

lúj,ska ±l.; yelsh' wef.a ldjHuh is;=ïj,g;a wehg;a iSudjla ke;' tjeks iSudjka h:d¾:jd§

fkdjk nj wkd¾ ±k isà' ta ksidu wef.a ldjHuh Ôú;h úúOdldr ÈYdjka yryd .ufka fhfokq

fuys§ lemS fmfka' wehf.a WoaOD; ;=< wehf.a msmdih bÈßfha ;sfnkafka l=ulao@ hkak uyd ldjHhl

riakhla njg m;aù we;'

remsh,a úismy

tlish ye;a;E y;rYÍrh W;al¾Yfhka ieußh''''''''''' 06 jeks msgqfjka''''''''''''''

;rugu yskdfjkafka wehs okakjo@ lE .y,d w`vkak neß yskao''''fï orejkaf.a fjokdj msglr.kak

úÈyla" wjia:djla yo,d fokak ´kd' wr <uhs lshkjd jf.a ug;a ±ka ysf;kjd fuÉpr fï yeu

fohlau jqfKa fïlgo lsh,d'''''''''''''''''t,sfha uq¿ iudfcu bkafka yßhg fudl=;a fkdjqkd jf.a''''''fï

jf.a fmdä tjqka fufyu w;Er,d yßhkjo@ yefudau weú;a isxÿjla lsh,d f*dfgda wrka hkjd tÉprhs'ZZ

uu lsis;a l;d fldflf<ñ' fudkjd lshkak±hs ug yß wjfndaOhla ;snqfKa ke;' Tfya fudkjd fyda

lshd wmf.a wúµdj" fudayh fy<s lsÍugo uu ue,s ùñ' wE wef.a b,a,Sï bÈßm;a lsÍuo k;r lf<a ke;'

zzfï <uhs ;du;a fmdä tjqka' ta jqkdg fudk ;rï ÿla .skaorla myq.sh ldf,a ord bkak w;ao@ lsis

flfkla tajd .ek wykafka kE' weyqï lka fokak ,Eia;s kE'''''wmg fufya ta jefâ lrkak nE' talg

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