n15 mathimatika kathimerini zoh

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  • 8/6/2019 n15 Mathimatika Kathimerini Zoh

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    , .

    , , , ,

    , . . . . . . . . . ,, 1.1. 1.1.2. . ( . . .).

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    2

    1.

    1.1. ...5

    1.1.1. ..71.1.2. ...91.1.3. ...10

    1.1.4. 111.1.5 .111.1.6 12

    1.2. 16

    1.2.1 ..171.2.2 ...171.2.3 .181.2.4. 19

    1.3. .22

    1.4. 25

    2.

    2.1 ........29

    2.1.1. 352.1.2 392.1.3. 452.1.4. ..492.1.5. .532.1.6. ...572.1.7. ..58

    2.2. .61

    2.2.1. ..612.2.2. .62

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    3

    3.

    3.1. .....65

    3.1. ....663.1.1. .70

    3.2.

    .77 3.3. .80 3.4. ..89 3.5. 93

    3.6. .95 3.7. 99

    4.

    4.1. 105 4.2. 106 4.3. ..111 4.4. 116 4.5. 121 4.6. ..125

    4.7. ..129 4.8.

    133

    5.

    5.1. .137 5.2. 141 5.3. .149 5.4.

    .159 5.5. ...161

    6.

    6.1. ...169 6.2.

    .....170

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    1.

    1.1.

    . - . - - . (). . - .

    :

    82394, 205, 28, 5, 144

    :

    0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

    .

    82394

    , , , .

    : - , , .

    : ,

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    6

    :

    82394 8 10.000 2 1000 3 100 9 10 4 1= + + + +

    . 234.375.698 -

    , , - .

    ( )

    0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 14,

    ( )

    1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,

    , :

    > . < .

    , - . . , = . :4008 > 965 4008 424567 > 154567 4 > 1.000465 =465 , . 000465=465

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    7

    1.1.1. Super-Market 4 .

    - :

    -

    -

    22357 31122 9375 8179 35328 49753 36205 39000

    ; 22357 + 31122 :

    22357

    31122

    53479

    +

    +

    +

    53.479 :

    :

    (1) (1) (1)

    3 5 3 2 8

    4 9 7 5 3

    8 5 0 8 1

    +

    +

    +

    85.081 4 -

    ; -

    :

    ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )2 1 1 14 9 7 5 3

    3 9 0 0 0

    3 1 1 2 2

    8 1 7 9

    1 2 8 0 5 4

    +

    128.054

    , .

    :

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    8

    .

    :( )14 9 7 5 3

    3 9 0 0 0

    8 8 7 5 3

    +

    ( ) ( )1 18 8 7 5 3

    3 9 3 0 1

    1 2 8 0 5 4

    +

    ( ) ( )1 13 1 1 2 2

    8 1 7 0

    3 9 3 0 1

    +

    1 : :

    3 Player 162 DV-D Player 35 21 275 Hi-Fi 220 (Fax, Scanner, ) 235

    MP3 Player DV-D. :

    :

    162 35 100 60 2 30 5

    100 60 30 2 5100 90 7

    + = + + + += + + + += + +

    197=

    2 : , , - , Hi-Fi .

    :2 2 2 6

    275 220 235 7 2 3 12 17

    2 5 5 10 1

    + + =

    + + = + + = = + + = = +

    730=

    ( )

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    9

    1.1.2.

    , - , 1522 . 925 112 . ;

    1522 925. :

    ( )( )

    ( )(1)(1)

    1 5 2 2

    9 2 5

    5 9 7

    597 . 597 112

    5 9 7

    1 1 2

    4 8 5

    : ( )1

    9 2 5

    4 8 5

    4 4 0

    :

    , -

    . 1522 925 = 597 , :

    ( ) ( )1 1

    9 2 55 9 7

    1 5 2 2

    + 1 5 2 2

    5 9 7

    9 2 5

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    10

    1.1.3.

    3 : 24 . 4 ;

    : 4 24 + 24 + 24 + 24 = 96 . 24 4 24 4 96 = .

    , 1 9. ( - )

    . 1 .

    .

    - .

    6 7 42 =

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    11

    1.1.4.

    : ,

    ( ). -

    . 375 7 :

    375 7 5=35

    7 5

    375 7 7=49+3=52

    7 : 2

    375 7 3= 21+5=26

    7 : 26

    5 : 3 25 : 5 2625

    1.1.5

    ,

    . .

    :

    10, 100, 1000, - 10, 100, 1000, . :

    28 100 2800 = 376 10000 3.760.000 =

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    12

    1.1.6

    : . 2460 m. - .

    i) .ii) 5 -

    ;

    : 2460 : 4.

    24602406 4

    20 20

    0 ()

    ( )

    ()() 4615

    :

    : ( ) ( ) . , .

    ! . 478253 : 62 :

    ()

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    13

    1. , .

    Km 2 1.635.998 1.401.459 734.014 477.942 476.288 406.612

    389.434 383.672 84.069 77.014

    1. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    2. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    2. - : 379238 1534758 324756 39273

    3. 6 :

    3678 . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .456 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69734 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .369735824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    4. : 7 32

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    14

    5. () ().i) 61 < 49 ii) 3075 < 3750 iii) 9009 > 9909 iv) 75 > 57 v) 1000350 < 897350

    6. () :i) 475 4091 iv) 313 331 ii) 123 201v) 7500 7499 iii) 89001 80901 vi) 897532 895732

    7. :

    16 + 23 67 + 22 35 + 37128 + 31 135 + 120 210 + 230

    8. :i) 375 + 579 ii) 1278 + 148 iii) 88035 + 39009iv) 123579 + 88975 + 1274 v) 1375528 + 899775 + 338753 + 75979

    9. :

    10. 15.873 2677 . 12053 . , . ;

    11. 300. , 180, 169, - 117, 68, 35 CD 19. ;

    12. :i) 928 735 ii) 1275 988 iii) 2006 1821

    13. .

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    15

    14. 41 . 7

    6 . - ;

    15. :i) 407 36 ii) 2693 75 iii) 31254 502

    16. .

    17. 1366. 280. ; ;

    18. 15 . 40 . 8 20 30 - . ;

    19. :i) 1043: 7 ii) 19533: 24 iii) 988 : 26 iv) 389762 : 341

    20. i) 71 7 9 8= + ii) 879 24 35 39= + iii) 196 11 17 9= + iv) 42813 347 123 132= +

    21. . 120 15 , 240 20 . 540. ;

    22. 23 45 7930. 110 . ;

    .

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    1.2.

    5 26, . ;

    5 1, 6 4. 5 6.

    , - .

    . 26 : 5 = 5,2 5 2

    . .

    ( ). :

    .

    40,3: 2,85: 323,017: 0, 36: ( ).

    - . , , - , ,

    : 2,3 > 1,576, 28,35 > 28,305, 0,018 < 0,108

    0,35, 0,08, 1,21, 0,80

    . :2,3 = 2,30 = 2,300

    :

    6 = 6,0 = 6,00 = 6,000

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    17

    1.2.1

    .

    - .

    .

    : : 17 + 3,75 + 208,3 + 2,035 :

    2 0 8 , 3 0 0

    1 7 , 0 0 0

    3 , 7 5 0

    2 , 0 3 5

    2 3 1 , 0 8 5

    +

    1.2.2

    - .

    - .

    :49,23 23,897 :

    4 9 , 2 3 02 3 , 8 9 7

    2 5 , 3 3 3

    :2 5 , 3 3 32 3 , 8 9 7

    4 9 , 2 3 0

    +

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    18

    1.2.3

    , , , .

    - .

    - .

    : 1o3,7 2,63 :

    3,25 0,04 :3 , 2 5

    0 , 0 4

    0 , 1 3 0 0

    ( 4 10, 100, 1000, -

    , , , . . 2:2, 723 100 272, 3 = 3, 4 1000 3400 = 0, 004 10 0, 04 =

    0,1, 0,01, 0,001, , , , , .

    3:28, 75 0,1 2, 875 = 3,14 0,01 0,0314 = 3873 0,001 3,873 =

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    19

    1.2.4. , -

    , . 1:

    624,87 : 9 :

    10, 100, 1000, , :

    2: 903,5 : 3,25 100 -

    : 90350 : 325 :

    - .

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    20

    1. :i) : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii) : . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii) : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv) : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v) : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    2. 347,286 :i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii) 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv) 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    3. (>, =,

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    217.

    i) 0,003 + 2,75 ii) 2,063 + 7,35iii) 2,15 + 0,03 + 14,68 + 35,71 iv) 3,4 + 17 + 2,893 + 0,05

    8. , , .

    9. :i) 457,8 29,86 ii) 65 4,065iii) 3975,503 39,53 iv) 3,75 0,002

    10. :i) 2,003 + 7,23 3,465 2,75 + 42ii) 0,03 + 0,103 0,120 + 3,233 1,75

    iii) 19,7 + 12,36 28,926 + 3 3,512

    11. :i) 4506 0,75 ii) 1, 25 4,009 iii) 1008 6, 405 iv) 0,62 0,4

    12. :i) 85 10 8,5 100 0,85 100 ii) 570 0,1 5700 0,01 5700 0,001

    iii) 7,35 100

    0,735 10

    0,0735 1000

    iv) 37 0,1 370 0,01 37 0,001

    13. - .28,7 3,71 0,287 371 2870 3,71 287 0,371 2,87 37,1 28,7 37,1

    14. :i) 75,9 : 3 ii) 294,72 : 12iii) 23,25 : 3,1 iv) 88,314 : 7,18

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    22

    1.3.

    : 230 32,3 . 4000 . - ;

    : 230 32, 3 7429 = 4000 -

    .7429 + 4000 = 11429

    :11429: 230.

    :

    50 49,7 49,69 .

    - .

    , .

    0 1 2 3 4, .

    5 6 7 8 9, - -

    . :

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    23

    392587 392600452003 45200035,673 3612,674 12,73,5453 3,545

    23,99673 24

    - 0,

    0 .

    ! 0 -

    - .

    : 37 : 75 :

    1,764 : 28 :

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    24

    1. :i) 11,584 iv) 4,0198 ii) 8, 352 v) 7,3926iii) 2759 vi) 29963

    2. 6523, 17892 29656 :i) ii)

    3. :

    236 217 228 249 214i) .ii) .

    4. i) ii) .9,1260 7,020 428,77 2,196

    5. :i) 778 : 16 ii) 38,25 : 5iii) 266 : 35 iv) 429 : 65

    6. i) 275 : 43 ii) 38,6 : 2,7iii) 39,267 : 0,07

    7. 5 14 . ;

    8. 40 7 .

    ; - .

    9. 4,75 38,95. - 4,25 . ;

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    1.4.

    1 : 300 210 , 120 20 84 14 .i) ;ii) .

    :i) 300 + 120 = 420

    210 + 84 = 294 420 + 20 = 440 294 + 14 = 308

    ii) : 300 + 420 + 440 = 1160 :210 + 294 + 308 = 812

    2 : 1500 3500

    170. : :

    3500 + 170 = 3670 1500 3670 1500 = 2170

    : .

    .

    : . . .

    : . . .

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    26

    3 :

    35 . 18 35, 12 45 60. (5 );

    : 18 18 35 630 = 12 12 45 540 = 35 18 12 = 5 5 60 300 =

    630 + 540 + 300 = 1470 5

    1470 5 7350 = .

    4 : 900. 37 678. ;

    : 37 :900 678 = 222. 222 : 37 = 6. 900 : 6 = 150 .

    5 : 72 15 . 5 8 , - ;

    : 72 5 360 = .

    1080 360 = 720 72 + 8 = 80 . 720 : 80 = 9 .

    :

    ( )

    ( ).

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    27

    1. . 1270 , 138 272 . - ;

    2. 55 , , . 33, 30. , - ;

    3. . - 867 833 - . 1800 , - ;

    4. 12 5 . 8 40 ;

    5. 6 . 4 , 5 42 . ;

    6. 27. , - 4 ;

    7. 25 . - 45 5 . ;

    8. 36 27 1 2.

    1 2 ;

    9. 135 28 . - 1755 - ;

    10. 224 25 . 735 ;

    11. 30 . 6768 .. - 12 , 6 .

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    28 .. ;

    12. 74,2 m 37,8 m. 1,2 - 2,5 . - ;

    13. 5,4 . - 12 0,3 - . 0,5 0,4 . 1,80

    ;

    14. 14 , - 620,2 . 53 32,7 . ;

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    2.

    2.1

    , - . , . ( ).

    12

    .

    1

    .

    O 2 - .

    ,

    14

    .

    , .

    : , -. :

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    30

    14

    12

    .

    - .

    :1.

    .2. -

    .

    - . - - .

    : 20

    14

    , ,

    5 . 20 4 5

    .

    1

    20 54 = .

    : ,

    . 5 , 10

    :1 1 24 4 4

    + = .

    2

    20 104 = 20 : 4 = 5 2 5 10 = .

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    31

    :

    1. , .

    2. .

    1 :

    - -

    .

    : 1 , -

    11

    1.

    2 12

    .

    3 14

    4 18

    .

    1 1 1 18 4 2 1

    < < < .

    2 :

    14

    ;

    : 60 ,

    1604 .

    60 4. 60 : 4 =15.

    14

    15 .

    3 :

    4 , 3 5 . - : ) , ) , ) ;

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    32

    :) 4 + 3 + 5 = 12 . 4 12

    412

    .

    ) 5 12 5

    12 .

    ) 3 12 3

    12 .

    4 :

    513.000,000 - ( . .).

    23

    . . . ;

    :

    33

    , ( -

    ).

    23

    , 13

    .

    : 513.000.000 : 3 171.000.000= .

    1

    513.000.000 171.000.0003 = .

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    33

    1. - .

    2. .

    3. , - . .

    4. - .

    1 1...

    2 5

    1 1...

    6 3

    1 1...

    10 100

    1 1...

    11 12

    5. , - .

    1 1 1 1 1 114 15 3 9 12 6

    6. .

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    34

    7.

    ,

    1

    3 . ;

    8. ) :

    3 : 7 4 : 9 12 : 23= = = ) :

    5 7 38 9 16

    = = =

    9. . 12 20.

    34

    25

    ,

    ;

    10. :

    ) 16

    ) 310

    ) 34

    ) 25

    11. :) 10 ) 2 ) 20

    12. , :) 250 , ) 100 ) 750

    13. 20 , 1

    5

    . ;

    14. 132.000 . .. 56

    -

    . . ;

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    35

    2.1.1.

    34

    ,

    44

    74

    .

    ; 4 ,

    3 . .

    3

    14

    < 3 < 4.

    4 .

    4

    14

    = 4 = 4.

    1 44

    3 4 . .

    7

    14

    > 7 > 4. 7 4 3 314 4 4 4

    = + = + 314

    .

    3

    14

    -

    .

    8

    4,

    82

    4= , 42

    2= 22

    1= .

    :

    1. , .

    2. , .3. ,

    .

    4. 1.

    3

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    36

    1 : .

    3 36

    ,

    46

    39

    . -

    ;

    : -

    , 3 4,6 6

    39

    .

    36

    46

    , - -

    6 3 4 .

    3 46 6

    < .

    36

    ,46

    (

    ) .

    36

    39

    , , ,

    6 9 3 . 6 9 -

    , 3 36 9

    > .

    36

    39

    ( ) .

    3 3 49 6 6

    < < .

    . :1. .2. , -

    .

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    37

    1. .3 6 9

    ...1 ...1 1...8 6 1

    0 7 4...1 1... 4...

    5 5 1

    2. , :

    3. :

    ) :... 9 ...

    , ,6 ... ...

    ) :... 8 ...

    , ,5 ... ...

    ) :... 14 ...

    , ,7 ... ...

    4. .

    4

    37

    28

    5

    12

    5

    257

    212

    7

    867

    35

    5

    115

    5. :109

    ,358

    ,2310

    ,10150

    .

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    38

    6. 5 8 . ;

    7. , , - .

    3 1 5 7 1 2...... ...... 5 ......5

    4 4 8 8 3 36 6 3 3 8 11 4 4

    ...... ...... ...... 3 ......316 12 7 5 15 15 4 9

    8. , - .

    8 8 9 8 11, , , ,

    12 20 12 25 12

    9. 1500 , 4 .

    47

    , 67

    ,

    48

    49

    .

    .

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    39

    2.1.2

    : 12 3

    : 13

    ,

    26

    4

    12 .

    ;

    :

    12 3 . -

    12 : 3 = 4. 1

    12 43 = , 4 .

    :12 : 6 2= 2 2 4 = .

    2

    12 46 = , 4 .

    :12 : 12 = 1 4 1 4 = .

    4

    12 412 = , 4 . -

    . 1 2 4

    , ,3 6 12 -

    . .

    :1. , -

    .2. , -

    . , - .

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    40

    :

    14

    23

    . ;

    : , ,

    4 1 3 2.

    14

    23

    ,

    . , ,

    . (. ..) -

    :

    .

    , - .

    2 4 2 .

    2.

    , - .

    4 3 2

    4 3 22 3

    4 3

    4 3 2

    2 3 2

    1 3

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    42

    1. , :3 ..... 2 10 4 ..... 3 30

    , , ,5 20 7 ..... 6 12 8 .....

    = = = =

    2. :14

    = = =

    35

    = = =

    310

    = = =

    3. , - :1824

    = = =

    2030

    = = =

    3672 = = =

    4. 23

    -

    ;

    5. 6 :) 1, ) 8, ) 13, ) 12.

    6. 34

    :

    ) 8, ) 16. ) 24, ) 40.

    7. :18 10 27 22

    , , ,24 35 63 55

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    43

    8. x 19

    15x

    -

    .

    9. :3 1 2 2 3 5 6 59

    .... .... .... ....4 2 5 4 8 12 10 100

    10. 1 2 3 17

    , , ,4 5 10 20

    .

    11. , .

    49

    26

    . -

    ;

    12. 38

    5

    12 .

    ;

    13. 47 ,

    9

    14 . ;

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    45

    :

    . 2 1

    9 6

    + .

    , . . .. 6 9.

    6 9 2

    3 9 3

    1 3 3

    1 1

    E.K. .(6,9) 2 3 3 18= = .

    :2 2 2 4

    9 9 2 18

    = =

    1 1 3 3

    6 6 3 18

    = =

    .

    2 1 4 3 79 6 18 18 18

    + = + = .

    7

    18 .

    . .

    2 19 6

    .

    2 1 4 3 19 6 18 18 18

    = = .

    :

    ,

    . :

    + =

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    46

    1. .

    2 3 7 5 3 1... ... ...10 10 8 8 20 20+ = + = + =

    3 1 2 5 3 1 7 3... ... ...

    9 9 9 10 10 10 8 8+ + = + + = =

    9 5 15 7 2 8 7 1... ... ...

    10 10 30 30 30 12 12 12 = = =

    2. :3 1

    ...5 2

    + = 7 1 ...15 5

    + =

    1 2 1 1...

    2 6 3 18+ + + =

    4 1...

    6 4 = 2 1 7 ...

    3 10 15 =

    3. :2 6 3 ...

    ... ... ... 15

    + + = 3 ... 1 8

    ... 10 ... ...

    + + =

    18 ... ...... 50 ...

    = 17 ... 4 820 ... ... ...

    =

    4. :3

    2 ...5

    + = 1 15 ...3 2

    + + = 37 ...8

    =

    16 ...

    4 = 326 ...

    8 = 314 ...

    20 =

    5. 2 . 34

    ,

    ;

    6. 13

    , 39

    -

    , 2

    12

    318

    .

    ;

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    48

    2.1.4.

    1 :

    , 29

    .

    3 ;

    :

    29

    , 3 2

    39

    .

    : 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 69 9 9 9 9 9

    + + + + = = = .

    2 3 2 6

    39 9 9

    = = .

    2 :

    50 . 3

    10

    , ;

    : 3 10 50 .

    10 50

    510

    = .

    50

    3 3 5 1510 = = .

    50 3 50 33 50 15

    10 10 10

    = = = .

    , -

    :3

    5010

    . :

    1. .

    2. ( ) , .

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    49

    :

    35 .

    27

    , -

    ;

    : 7 .

    1 3

    7 5

    .

    1 5 - 3 7 , 1 -

    7 5 35 = 3 . 1 3 3 27 5 7 5 35 = =

    .

    2 3 1 3 3 2 3 6

    2 27 5 7 5 7 5 7 5 35

    = = = =

    .

    :

    , -

    . :

    =

    .

    : ;

    )2 77 2 )

    3 88 3 )

    15

    5 )

    :)

    2 7 2 7 141

    7 2 7 2 14

    = = =

    . )

    3 8 3 8 241

    8 3 8 3 24

    = = =

    )1 5 1 5

    5 15 5 5

    = = = ) 1

    = =

    !

    1. - 1, : .

    . -

    ) 27

    72 .

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    50

    1. :

    ) 45 ...7 = ) 39 ...

    8 = ) 7 3 ...

    12 = ) 15 1000 ...

    100 =

    2. :

    )2 1

    ...5 3 = ) 3 2 ...

    4 3 = ) 5 4 ...

    8 10 =

    )2 4

    ...3 3 = ) 2 7 ...

    7 2 = ) 10 13 ...

    13 10 =

    3. 6 . 23

    ;

    4. 210 km. 2

    23

    ;

    5. 420 . 47

    ;

    6. :

    ) 3

    10

    ) 56

    ) 34

    ) 720

    7. 34

    . -

    : ) 80 kg, ) 68 kg, ) 96 kg.

    8. O 23

    . 35

    , ;

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    51

    9. 12

    .. 13

    .

    ;

    10. 29

    . 12

    100 -

    4 , 4 ;

    11. 6 .

    3

    10

    25

    -

    , :) .])

    .) .

    12. .

    3 58

    .

    25 ,

    .

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    52

    2.1.5.

    1 :

    35

    . -

    6 ;

    :

    35

    6.

    3

    6 : 5 . .

    1 35

    , 15

    13

    . -

    1 =55

    1 5

    53 3 = . 6

    5 306 10

    3 3 = = .

    3 5

    6 : 6 105 3

    = = .

    2 :

    27

    1000 kg. -

    ;

    :

    27

    1000 kg, 17

    1000

    502

    = kg. -

    7

    7

    1

    7

    7

    . 7500 kgr = 3500 kg .

    :

    .

    :

    = = .

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    53

    :

    23

    58

    .

    ;

    :

    5 2

    :8 3

    .

    23

    58

    , 13

    :

    1 5 5 12 8 8 2 = 5 5

    8 2 16= =

    .

    33

    :5 3 5 5 3 15

    38 2 8 2 8 2 16

    = = = .

    :5 2 5 3 15

    :8 3 8 2 16

    = = .

    :

    .

    :

    :

    = = .

    5 2

    :8 3

    . -

    (:).

    : ]5

    5 2 5 3 158:28 3 8 2 16

    3

    = = =

    .

    5 2

    ,8 3

    .

    5832

    ,527

    ,

    8113

    .

    5 2 5 3 15

    :8 3 8 2 16

    = = , :

    55 3 158

    2 8 2 163

    = =

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    54 :

    1. , ,

    .2. - .

    =

    1. :

    ) 32 : ...5

    = ) 7 :14 ...8

    = ) 21: ...7

    = ) 12 : 4 ...15

    =

    2. :

    )1 3

    : ...2 4

    = ) 2 8: ...5 10

    = ) 2 1: ...9 6

    = ) 25 5: ...30 6

    =

    3. :

    )

    89

    ...23

    = )

    310

    ...12

    = )4

    ...815

    = )

    3215

    ...8 =

    4. 2 . 25

    -

    ;

    5. 27

    34

    .

    ;

    6. 49

    -

    3

    10. 5 ;

    7. 23

    . 27

    ;

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    55

    8. 15 72 . 5

    16

    , :) .) .

    9. 34

    . , , -

    25

    , .

    90 . :

    ) .) .

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    56

    2.1.6.

    7 28 9

    , ,10 100 1000 , 10, 100, 1000, .

    235 200 30 5 2 100 3 10 5 1= + + = + + . 23510

    :

    235 2 100 3 10 5 1 2 100 3 10 5 1 52 10 3

    10 10 10 10 10 101

    23 23 0,5 23,52

    + + = = + + = + + =

    = + = + =

    235

    100, :

    235 2 100 3 10 5 1 2 100 3 10 5 1 3 52

    100 100 100 100 100 10 100

    + + = = + + = + + =

    2 0,3 0,05 2,35= + + =

    :

    1. . 2. ,

    .

    1. :3

    10=, 4

    100= , 29

    100= 789

    100=,

    13.462100

    = , 711000

    = 682510.000

    = , 356.829100.000

    =

    2. :0,3 =, 1,9 =, 0,008 = 35,42 =, 679,134 =, 3,0005 =

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    58

    1. , :

    )35

    )188

    )12616

    )256215

    2. ) ) .

    )15

    7 )

    125

    14

    )5616

    )683

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    2.2.

    ,

    15C , 5C . 15C 5C. - .

    , - - +.

    : , , ..

    : , , ..

    (0) , + 0 0 (0).

    ,

    , . :

    { }0, 1, 2, 3, ...=

    , , - ( ), .

    , , . , , .

    2.2.1.

    xx . , 1.

    A = 1. , , , , ,

    = = = = = 1.

    , , , 2, 3, 4,

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    61

    1. - :

    + 17, 18, 72,14

    , 9, 2,5,16

    ,1

    34

    2. - :

    3 761, 34, 14, 45, 28, , , 125, 7

    19 15 +

    3. (< >):) 9 . . . . 24 ) 8 . . . . 0 ) 32 . . . . 0

    )61

    . . . . 44

    )8

    . . . . 115

    ) 9 . . . 6

    ) 1,4 . . . . 1 )3 1

    . . . .4 4

    )3

    15,9 . . . .7

    4. :1 3

    2, 9, 4, , , 65 5

    + -

    - .

    2.2.2.

    1:

    + 2 - . + 3 . ;

    : (+ 2) + (+ 3). 2 - 3 , 2 + 3 = 5 . (+ 2) + (+ 3) = + 5. , , 2 3 . : ( 2) + ( 3). + 5 . 5 5 . ( 2) + ( 3) = 5.

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    62

    :

    .

    2 :

    , , + 5 - . 3 . - ;

    : (+ 5) + ( 3). 3 , 3 . 5 - , 2 , - + 2 . : (+ 5) + ( 3) = + 2 :

    , -

    - .

    3 :

    5 - . + 2 . ;

    :

    (+ 2) ( 5). E - 5 2 , 5 2 . +7 . -: (+ 2) ( 5) = + 7.

    :

    - .

    : = + ( )

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    63

    1. :) (+ 9) + (+ 2) = )( 15) + ( 5) = ) ( 7) + (+ 7) = )(+ 3) + ( 3) = ) (+ 9) (+ 2) = )( 15) ( 5) = ) ( 7) (+ 7) = )(+ 7) ( 7) = ) (+ 3) ( 3) = )( 3) (+ 3) =

    2. , :) = + 8 = + 3 ) = 8 = 3) = + 8 = 3 ) = 8 = + 3

    3. + 15C + 5C. ;

    4. 4C + 2 . .

    5. 100 m, - . 150 m,

    ;

    6. + 13 . + 8 ;

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    64

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    3.

    3.1.

    , - , , .. .

    - , , , , .

    : - . : - ...

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    66

    3.1.

    25/100 . 25 25 25%. - 25%

    - 1.250 . :

    % 100.

    24% 24/100 . - 24% 1.250

    24

    1.250 300 100

    = .

    /100 /1000 % o oo .

    . . o oo oo17 43

    17 , 43100 1000

    = =

    : % 1. 2. 100.

    1 :

    30% 800

    :

    30% 800 30

    800 240100

    =

    : %1. 1002. . / -

    (100 ):

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    67

    2 :

    4/25 %

    :4 400

    100 1625 25

    = = 16%

    : %:1. 1002. 3. , 100.

    % ( )100 100

    + .

    3 :

    350 12%;

    :

    ( )100 12

    350 427100

    +

    = =

    % - - ;

    : 120.000 - 4%. - ;

    :

    4

    120.000 4800100

    =

    ;120.000 + 4.800 = 124.800

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    68

    -

    :

    1,25 1,70

    :

    1.70 1.25 = 0.45

    0,450.36

    1.25=

    360.36 36%

    100= =

    :

    %1. 1002. 3. 100.

    % ( )100

    100

    4 :

    72 5%.

    :

    ( )100 5 72 68.4

    100

    = = ( = 5, = 72)

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    69

    %

    :

    80 - 35%. -

    :

    :35

    80 28100

    =

    :80 28 = 52

    -

    : 120. 80. -

    : 120 80 = 40 .

    40

    0,333120

    =

    -

    333

    0,333 33,3%100

    = =

    % %. ;

    : 80 30% 50% - . - ;

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    70

    :

    3080 24100

    =

    50

    24 12100

    = .

    -

    : 3% 1% - 9% .

    : - . . 3 + 1 + 9 = 13 13%

    3.1.1.

    : %

    :

    100

    = .

    ( ) 6 x

    : x

    , x 61200

    = .

    1: 20.000 4%, 3

    20000 4 3

    2001200

    = =

    ( = 20.000, = 4, x = 3)

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    71

    ( . ..)

    18% 6% , .

    2: 900 18% -

    18

    900 1062100

    + =

    1 :

    4%. 6 - 15.300 . ;

    : 100 4 6

    2. 15.300 102100

    -

    102 100

    15300 : 15300 15000100 102

    = =

    : x

    x 4 6x 1530001200

    + = xx 15300

    50+ = 51x 76500 x 1500= =

    2 : 1.200 18%. - 500 2 , 3 6 . - 2%. ;

    :

    ... 181200 216100=

    500 (1.200 + 216) 500 = 916.

    916 : 2 = 458

    3 2

    458 27,5100

    =

    6 2

    458 55100

    =

    500 + 916 + 55 + 27,5 = 1498,5

    : -

    x = ,

    - x - - .

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    72

    1. () () .

    1) 3% 30o

    oo

    2) 1/5 50% 3) 50% 4) 150% 500 750 5) 20% 0,02 6) 65% ,

    30% 10% 7) 200%

    8) 2,25 2. 25% 9)

    1,25 1,50 20%

    2. :

    2/5 3/24 1,3 30% 90%

    3. :A)

    i) 2 1 ) 15%ii) 100 25 ) 50%iii) 1 2 ) 233,33%iv) 300 700 ) 200%

    ) 254)

    i) 5 10 ) 25%ii) 10 5 ) 35%iii) 444 555 ) 50%iv) 555 444 ) 20%

    ) 100

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    73

    4. 2 7 2

    , ,50 45 15

    15%, 2,15%, 162%.

    5. () 25% ().

    6. 11 , 10 9 - . - .

    7. ; -

    .

    8. 300. 3% 5% :. ;. % ;

    9. 5% ( ) 10%. 85, ;

    10. 2.500 . 25% , 30% , 10% 10% -

    . .. ;

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    3.2

    1 : , 60.000, 6% 15.500 18%. , 20% 18%. .

    :

    6

    60.000 3.600100 =

    18

    15.500 2.790100 = , 6.390.

    , 60.000 + 15.500 + 3.600 + 2.790 = 81.890 .

    20%. ,

    120

    81.890 98.268100 = , 98.268 81.890 = 16.378.

    :18

    98.268 17.688, 27100 = ,

    17.688 6.390 = 11.298,24.

    2 : , -Bank G-Bank - 10 40 . 15% 12% , - , 1500 . ;

    :

    -Bank 1500 15

    225100

    = .

    ,

    10 + 225 = 235. G-Bank 1500 12

    180100

    = -

    40 + 180 = 220. , G-Bank.

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    76

    3 : 1550 . , 950 .

    , 190 , , 60 35 .i. ;ii. ;iii. ;iv. 35 , ;

    :

    i. 950

    100 61, 291550

    = % .

    ii. 190

    100 12, 26%1550

    = .

    iii. 190

    100 20%950

    = .

    iv. 35 60

    100 3,87%1550

    =

    .

    4 : 18% ( + ) 1660. .

    :

    18

    100 .

    , 1888 , 100 18 118100 100 100

    + = .

    , 118100

    1888.

    1

    100 1888:118 = 16.

    ,100100

    16 100 1600 = .

    , 1600.

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    77

    5 : 10.000 3%. -

    . .

    :

    x 10.000 3 1300

    100 100

    = = = .

    , 10.000 + 300 = 10.300.

    K x 10.300 3 1

    309100 100

    = = = .

    , 10.300 + 309 = 10.609. , 10.609

    :10.609 3 1

    10.609 10.609 318, 27 10.927, 27100

    + = + =

    6 : 1600. 40% 4 , 1,5% .

    i. .ii. , -

    18% ;iii. ;

    :

    i. 1600. 40% , 40

    1600 640100

    = .

    : 1600 640 = 960, 4 1,5% .

    : 960:4 = 240. 1,5% . :

    ( 1 )1,5

    240 240 240 3,6 243,6100

    + = + = .

    ( 2 )3

    240 240 240 7, 2 247, 2100

    + = + = .

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    78

    ( 3 )4,5

    240 240 250,8100

    + = .

    ( 4

    )6

    240 240 254, 4100+ =

    .ii. , 40% , 640 18%

    , 18

    1600 288100

    = .

    243,6+247,2+250,8+254,4 = 996.

    , : + + = 640+288+996 = 1924.

    iii. , (1600)

    (288), 1888.

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    79

    .

    1. 80 5% :. 85 . 84 . 83 . 90

    2. 18% 23,6. ;. 22,6 . 20 . 21 . 22

    3. 60 70,8. :. 18% . 10,8% . 10% . 16%

    4. 4%. 6 - 15.300. ;. 15.000 . 14.800 . 14.900 . 15.100

    5. , 9 11 16 18 . ;

    6. 20.000 4%. . .

    7. 16000. 50% 8 , - 1% .) .) 400 90 .

    8. 30000 3%. ( 15% ).

    9. :

    30% 50

    20% 70

    500 5%

    120 138

    10. 3000, 2% ,1% 10% ( ).i) ;ii) ;

    iii) ;

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    81

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

    3,5cm 3cm 1cm 2,5cmMEGA ANT ALPHA NET

    , , -

    0, 35, 65 (30+35), 75 (65+10), 100. - 4 ,

    35%, 30%, 10%, 25%.

    0

    50%

    10%

    20%

    30%

    40%60%

    70%

    80%

    90%

    MEGA

    ANT

    NET

    ALPHA

    75%

    65% 35%

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    82

    1 :

    , 300 .

    90 150 60

    i) .ii) .

    : 300.

    90 300 .

    , 90 3

    0,3 30%300 10

    = = = .

    150 300 .

    , 150 1

    0,5 50%300 2

    = = = .

    60 300 .

    60 1

    0, 2 20%300 5= = = .

    , :

    90 150 60 30% 50% 20%

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    83 :

    0, 30, 80 (30+50).

    2 : ( ) .

    i) .ii) .

    30%900

    500

    100% 2.000

    : 2000 .

    900 2000.

    , 900 9

    0, 45 45%2000 20

    = = = .

    30% .

    ,30

    2000 600100

    = .

    500 2000.

    ,500 1

    0, 25 25%2000 4

    = = = .

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    84 , :

    45%30%25%

    900600500

    100% 2.000

    :

    2530

    4 5

    3 : , : 10 - , : 20 , : 40 , 50 .

    0

    50%40%

    90%

    A

    B

    1) .2)

    .

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    85

    : , 40% 50 10 -

    . , 40 50 20100 = .

    50% ( , 90% - 40%) 20 .

    ,50

    50 25100

    = .

    10% 40 . ,10

    50 5100

    = .

    , :

    10 20 40

    20 25 5

    40% 50% 10%

    :

    25

    5

    20

    10 20 40

    : 10cm,

    4cm, 5cm, 1cm, 40%, 50%, 10%.

    10 . 20 . 40.

    4 cm 5 cm 1 cm

    10 cm

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    86

    4 :

    15% 65% 20%

    :

    0 1 2

    5.000

    : 15% 5000 ,

    155.000 750

    100 = .

    65% 5000 1 , 65

    5.000 3.250100

    = -

    20% 5000 2 , 20 5.000 1.000100

    = -

    . , :

    0 1 2

    15% 65% 20% 100%

    750 3.250 1.000 5.000

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    87

    1. - . 420, - .

    2. :

    40%456

    100% 1.200

    ) .) -

    .

    3. , , , , .

    20 16 4 32 8

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    90 , , -

    . . .

    , 2 3 5 1

    8 12 20 4= = = .

    x, y y = x, .. , y = 4x.

    1 : 48. 4 ;

    : . x 4 , :

    6 4

    48 x

    , 6 4

    48 x= , 6x 4 48= .

    , x = 32.

    2 : 11 lt. 3%. ;

    : 100, 103. :

    100 11

    103 x

    100 11103 x

    = 100x 103 11= . , x = 11,33.

    , 11,33.

    3 : , .

    7 5 28 36

    :

    =

    =

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    92 ) m , :

    10

    38,5 4,5

    ,B 10

    4,5B 38538,5 4,5

    = = = 85,55m

    .

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    93

    3.5.

    1 : , 100.000. 20.000, 30.000 50.000. , 30.000. - ;

    :

    A

    20.000 30.000 50.000

    100.000 100.000 100.000

    A

    30.000 30.000 30.000

    -

    , 20.000

    100.000 30.000

    =

    = 6.000. 30.000

    100.000 30.000

    =

    = 9.000, 50.000

    100.000 30.000

    = = 15.000.

    x1, x 2, x 3 1, 2, 3 ,

    3 1 2 31 2

    1 2 3 1 2 3

    x x x x ...x x...

    ...+ + +

    = = = = + + +

    .

    , ( ) .

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    94

    2 : , , , -

    10.000, . , 7 , 5

    8;

    : ,, , :

    10.000500

    7 5 8 20 20 + +

    = = = = = .

    ,

    500 =3.500 500 =2.500 500 =4.0007 5 8 = = =

    :

    A

    7 5 8

    20 20 20

    A

    10.000 10.000 10.000

    :7

    =3.50020 10.000

    =

    : 5 =2.50020 10.000

    =

    :8

    =4.00020 10.000

    =

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    95

    3.6.

    , - , .

    4

    =

    1 4

    =

    , - .

    - .

    m m

    1 4

    3 12

    2 8

    1 2 3

    4

    8

    12

    x, x = ,

    .

    1 : , - - x, , :i) - .ii) :

    x 6 1

    4 2

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7

    2

    4

    x

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    96

    :i) , -

    . , . x ,

    x = (1).

    (3,2),

    (1), 2

    2 3 =3

    = . 2

    x3

    = (2).

    ii) (2) x = 6 = 4, x = 1 = 2/3 = 4 x = 6.

    , :

    x 6 1 6 3

    4 2/3 4 2

    2: = 1,5x (1).i) .ii)

    (2,4), (2,3), (4,6), (3,5) .

    :i) x ,

    x = .

    - x = , .

    ii) (1):. x = 2 = 3. , (2,4) ( -

    ) = 1,5x.B. x = 2 = 3. , (2,3) .. x = 4 = 6. , (4,6) . , .

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    97

    1. ;) (5,20) (2,8) ) (3,6) (6,9)

    ) (,) (3, 3) ) (1,3) (2,9) ) (12

    ,5) (1,10)

    2. .

    i. .

    ii. .

    iii. .

    iv. .

    v. () .

    vi. .

    3. 18m 27, 30m : . 35 .45 . 50 . 39

    4. 1,5% . 80kg:. 3 . 4 . 5 . 6

    5. :

    kg 2 7,5

    8 32 2

    6. 1/6 :) :

    18 5

    8 12

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    98

    ) .

    7. :

    x 3 1

    20 1

    (2,8), .

    8. 130km 1 30 . :) 3 , ) 2 40

    9. 80 lt . lt - ( ), 6 ;

    10. , 50.000, 35.000 20.00. 10.000. ;

    11. 1850. , 10% . , . 8 , 12 - 10 , ;

    12. = 0,5x (1).i) .

    ii) :

    x 4 0,1

    12 2

    iii) (1).iv) (2,1), (3,6), (6,3), .

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    99

    3.7. . . 1: 100.000

    1: 200, -

    1

    100.000( )

    1200

    ( ).

    , 1: : 1

    =

    2 :

    .

    ! . 2 :

    /cm 2 4

    6 12

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    100

    2 4 16 12 3

    = = . ,

    . , 3 3 .

    1 : 1: 100.000. 1cm , :1cm 100.000 cm 1.000 m 1 Km

    2 : 1: 1.000.000 5,5cm. - 2 .

    5 ,5 c m

    1:1.000.000

    :

    x, 5,5 1x 1.000.000

    = x = 5.500.000cm 55.000m 55km.

    3 :

    1

    250 16cm.

    m 2.

    :

    cm x,

    16 1x 250

    = , x = 4.000cm 40m.

    , E = 40 2 =1.600m 2.

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    101

    4 : :

    )

    1 : 3 12 cm

    1 : 50 4 cm

    3 : 10 150 cm)

    20 km 2 cm

    100 km1

    2.000.000

    50 m 10 cm

    :

    ) 1

    3

    =

    12 1x 3

    = x = 36cm.

    ,4 1

    x 50= x = 200cm.

    ,3

    150 10

    = = 45cm.

    ) 2 1

    20.000.000 1.000.000

    = =

    5cm 1100.000.000 20.000.000

    = = 10 1

    5.000 500= =

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    102

    5 :

    () () 1 2 . -

    .

    () ()

    1 1 =3

    2 6 2

    = =

    1 1 =1

    2 2 2

    = =

    .

    1 1

    =22 2

    = =

    .

    1 1

    =42 2

    = =

    .

    = 1, = 2, = 1, = 2,

    6 4 8 2 4 2 4 2 2 342

    3 2 4 1 2 1 2 1 1 17+ + + + + + + +

    = = =+ + + + + + + +

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    103

    1. 1:100.000, - , .

    1 0 c m

    4 ,5 c m

    A

    B

    2. 1: 150.000:

    ) 3,6cm.

    ) 8,4km.

    3. , 1/500.

    (cm) 10 100

    (m) 24

    4. , 1:50. , .

    5 4 0 0 m m

    6 3 3 3 m m

    1 3 2 5 m m

    1 3 2 5 m m

    1 1 5 0 m m

    7 c m

    A B

    8 c m

    7 c m

    5. A1, A 2, A 3, A 4. A2, A 3, A 4

    1.

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    104

    A 2A 1

    A 4

    A 3

    6. 4cm, 12km. .

    7. 1500

    4cm.

    .

    8. :

    10 Km 4 cm

    10 1 : 100

    2 cm 1 : 250.000

    9. 1: 1000, 12cm. 1:500;

    10. . 1:100.000. , 84km, 1 . - , 3,8m.

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    107 , 10,

    10. m - dm 10, 23:10 = 2,3. , - dm 10, 23 10 230cm = .

    1 : 1,7dm. - mm;

    :1,7dm = 17cm = 170mm

    2 :

    432cm. m;

    :432cm = 43,2dm = 4,32m

    3 : 2m 3dm 8cm

    ) m;) cm;

    :) 2m + 3dm + 8cm = 2m + 3dm + 0,8dm =

    =2m + 0,3m + 0,08m = 2,38m) 2m + 3dm + 8cm = 20dm + 3dm + 8cm =

    =200cm + 30cm + 8cm = 238cm

    : ,

    , , (km)

    1000m.

    km

    mx1000

    :1000

    km m 1000, m km 1000.

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    108

    4 : , 4,3km. m;

    :4,3km = 4,3x1000m = 4.300m

    5 : 43.580m . km ;

    :43.580m = 43.580:1000km = 43,580km

    : , ,

    . (yrd) - 3 (ft) 12 (in).

    , :

    1 yrd = 0,9144 m = 91,44 cm

    1 ft = 0,3048 m = 30,48 cm

    1 in = 0,0254 m = 2,54 cm

    yrd, ft in m cm . .

    6 :

    - 20.000 . m;

    20.000 = 20.000 0,3048m = 6.096m

    7 : 32 80cm. ;

    :80cm 80 : 2, 54in 31, 49in= = , .

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    109

    : ( )

    1.852m. m 1852, 1852.

    8 : 82 . km ;

    :82 = 82 1852m 151.864m 151.864:1000km 151,864km = = =

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    111

    4.3.

    , (m2), - 1m. 12m 2 - 12 1m . , :

    ) (dm 2) 1dm,) (cm 2) 1cm,) (mm 2) 1mm.

    - , 1dm - 1m.

    1m

    1m

    1 d m

    1dm

    1m 2

    10x10 = 100dm. , - .

    .

    m2

    dm 22 2 211dm m 0,01m

    100= =

    cm 2 2 2 211cm m 0,0001m

    10.000= =

    mm 2 2 2 211mm m 0,000001m

    1.000.000= =

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    112

    .

    1m 2 = 100dm 2 = 10.000cm 2 =1.000.000mm 2

    1dm 2 = 100cm 2 = 10.000mm 2

    1cm 2 = 100mm 2

    , .

    m

    dm

    cm

    mmx100

    :100x100

    x100

    :100

    :1002

    2

    2

    2

    , 100, 100.

    1 : cm 2 12m 2.

    :12m 2 = 12x100dm 2 = 1200x100cm 2 = 120.000cm 2

    2 : m 2 2dm 2 75cm 2;

    :2dm 2 + 75cm 2 = 2dm 2 + 75:100dm 2 == 2dm 2 + 0,75dm 2 = 2,75dm 2 = 2,75:100m 2 = 0,0275m 2

    , (km 2) - 1km , 1000m 2. - .

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    113

    km

    x1000

    :1000

    m2

    2

    x1000

    :1000

    3 :

    m2

    3,7 ; :

    3,7 = 3,7x1000m 2 = 3.700m 2

    4 : 750.000m 2. ;

    :750.000m 2 = 750.000:1000 = 750 = 750:1000km 2 = 0,75km 2

    , , -

    . - .

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    115

    4. :0,29m 2 , 2.750cm 2 , 31,2dm 2 , 37.260mm 2

    5. :

    ) 45032cm 2 ) 127670mm 2 ) 20407mm 2 ) 1790054cm 2

    6. , 1.600cm 2. m2 ;

    7.

    8. 4,32 , 8 . ;

    9. 400cm 2 6m 2;

    10. , 1kg 8m 2. 12.000dm 2;

    11. 15% . 80m 2;

    12. 43.000m 2. , 4 ;

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    117

    1m 3 = 1000dm 3 = 1.000.000cm 3 = 1.000.000.000mm 3

    1dm 3 = 1.000cm 3 = 1.000.000mm 3

    1cm 3 = 1.000mm 3

    , - :

    m

    dm l

    cm l

    mmx1000

    :1000x1000

    x1000

    :1000

    :1000

    3

    3

    3

    3

    , , 1000, , 1000.

    1 : 3,2m 3;

    :3,2 m 3 = 3,2x1000 = 3.200

    2 : m 75mm 3;

    :75mm 3 = 75:1000 m = 0,075 m

    , , (km 3), 1km 1.000.000.000m 3. 3,5km 3 , 3,5x1.000.000.000 = 3.500.000.000m 3.

    (gal), 4,405 .

    , - 159 .

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    118

    O I LO I L

    ..

    159

    3 : 55 - , ;

    :

    159 , 55:159 0,35 35 .

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    119

    1.

    () () : ) 2dm 3 = 2 l ) 3,7cm 3 = 370mm 3 ) 2,4 l = 2400ml ) 52m 3 = 520dm 3 ) 3mm 3 = 0,0003cm 3 ) 572dm 3 = 0,572m 3 ) 7ml = 7000mm 3

    2. :

    ) dm 3 2,8m 3;

    A. 0,28dm 3 B. 28dm 3 . 280dm 3 . 2800dm 3 E. 2.800.000dm 3

    ) cm 3 3,72dm 3;

    A. 0,00372cm 3 B. 0,0372cm 3 . 0,372cm 3 . 37,2cm 3 E. 3.720cm 3

    ) km 3 75.000m 3;

    A. 0,000075km 3 B. 0,075km 3 . 7,5km 3 . 750km 3 E. 7.500.000km 3

    ) 4,2 ;

    A. 12,5 B. 15,8 . 18,5 . 89 E. 185

    3. :

    m3 3,75

    dm 3 752,4

    cm 3 35.200

    mm 3 7.500.000

    4. :6,2m 3, 5.900 l, 6.000.000 ml, 5.800.000.000mm 3

    5. :) 3.211dm 3 ) 7.252.546cm 3 ) 340.021mm 3

    6. 1,5 . 150cm 3. ;

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    120

    7. 150m 3 . - 0,75 ;

    8. 0,25dm 3. - ( 5 m ), 4 . ;

    9. 2,5m 3 . 1500 , ;

    10. 12m 3 . 300 , ;

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    121

    4.5. (kg)

    1 4 . 1kg . -

    , . (g) (mg ). (t). -

    .

    t 1t = 1000kg

    kg 1kg = 1000gr

    g1

    1g kg 0,001kg1.000

    = =

    mg1

    1mg kg 0,0000011.000.000

    = =

    1t = 1000kg = 1.000.000g = 1.000.000.000mg

    1kg = 1.000g = 1.000.000mg

    1g = 1.000mg

    , - :

    t

    kg

    g

    mgx1000

    :1000x1000

    x1000

    :1000

    :1000

    1000, , - 1000.

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    122

    1 :

    30 20mg . ;

    : 30 20 600mg 600 :1000g 0,6g = = = .

    2 : 2kg , . 16 . ;

    :2kg 2 1000g 2000g= = 2000:16 125g= .

    : , .

    , , 0,2g. 20 , - 20 0, 2 4g = .

    1kg, . - .

    1,031

    0,920,8

    0,69

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    123

    : 5 -

    ;

    : 0,92 , 5 -

    5 0,92 4,6kg =

    5 L

    1. () () :

    ) 5,2kg = 5.200g ) 750mg = 0,75g ) 1200kg = 12t ) 50 = 20g ) 1 l 1kg

    2. :) 2,5 ;A. 0,25kg B. 25kg . 250kg . 2500kg E. 25.000kg

    ) 500mg;A. 0,5g B. 5g . 50g . 5000g E. 500.000g) 2560 ;A. 0,256kg B. 2,56kg . 256kg . 256.000kg E. 2.560.000kg) 2 ;A. 1,38kg B. 1,6kg . 2kg . 2,06kg E. 6,9kg

    3. :

    kg 2,7

    g 1.500

    mg 350.000

    4. 200g. - 3kg;

    5. 15 800g. ;

    6. 1,3 . 5 -

    75kg 100kg . - ;

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    124

    7. 180g . kg 12 ;

    8. 200mg. 10mg/ m . 20 m ;

    9. 2mg . 20mg - 25 ;

    10. 30kg. - , 200g;

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    125

    4.6.

    (s). (min) 60s, (h),

    60min 24h.

    : , -

    4.000 .

    :

    1 = 24h = 1.440min = 86.400s

    1h = 60min = 3.600s

    1min = 60s

    , . 30 ( -

    ) 12 , 360 ( 365 366 -

    ). 100 .

    1 : 17.45 4 - 40 15 . ;

    : 40x4 = 160min 15 3 45min = .

    , 160 + 45 = 205min. 21.10 :

    17h 45min3h 25min+

    20h 70min21h 10min

    ( 60

    60 )

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    126

    2 : 21 1960. 25

    2005;

    : :

    20042005 3 251960 9 21

    44 6 4

    _

    15

    :( ,

    . , 1 2005, 12 ).

    :

    .

    , , . 24 - .

    . . . Greenwich . - .

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    127

    3 : 9.00, :

    ) ) ) )

    :) , :

    9.00 2.00 = 7.00 .) , :

    9.00 7.00 = 2.00 ( !)) , 9.00 .) , :

    9.00 + 8.00 = 17.00 .

    4 : 17.15 - 19.25 . ;

    : , 19.25 ,

    20.25 . 20.25 17.15 = 3h 10min.

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    128

    1.

    () () : ) 2,5 250 ) 200 3 20 ) 90 1,5 ) 12.00 , 14.00 ) 20.00 , 19.00

    2. : ) 3 :

    . 3,25min B. 135min . 195min . 255min E. 325min ) 2min 30s :

    . 23s B. 150s . 230s . 270s E. 30s) 250 min :

    . 2h 50min B. 3h 10min . 3h 50min . 4h 10min E. 5h) 18.00 , :

    . 11.00 B. 12.00 . 15.00 . 18.00 E. 23.00

    3. :

    3,2 510

    7.2004. 6.35 10.15 .

    ;

    5. 45min 15min - 9.45 . ) ;) 5min 5min , ;

    6. .

    7. 7min - 6min . 23min 12min. 8.30 . ;

    8. 9.00 14.30 . 20min . ;

    9. 19.00 - . ;

    10. 2h 50min. 16.20 . ;

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    129

    4.7.

    2001, , - . 100 . - 1 , 2 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 50 , 1 2 .

    5 , 10 , 20 , 50 -, 100 , 200 500 .

    1 : 16,57 - 20. ;

    : 20 16,57 = 3,43 2,

    1, 20 , 2 1 . .

    2 : . 2,63 750 m , 2,45 600 m . ;

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    130

    : ,

    . 2,63 : 0,75 = 3,5 . 2,63 : 0,6 = 4,08 . .

    - , . .. - . - .

    ( 30,000 EURO)

    09/12/2005-

    USD 1,1764 1,1999 1,1529

    DKK 7,4491 7,5981 7,3001

    GBP 0,67495 0,68845 0,66145

    SEK 9,4217 9,6101 9,2333

    JPY 141,82 144,66 138,98

    GHF 1,5387 1,5695 1,5079

    NOK 7,9250 8,0835 7,7665

    CYP 0,57330 0,58477 0,56183

    CAD 1,3677 1,3951 1,3403

    AUD 1,5762 1,6077 1,5447

    - , - .

    , - .

    1 .

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    131

    3 : 500 .

    ;

    : , 0,6872

    . , 500 : 0,66145 = 755,92.

    4 : 100 .

    . , 3%. ;

    : 100 : 1,1999 = 83,34.

    (100 : 1,1764) x 0,97 = 82,45. .

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    132

    1.

    () () ( - ).

    ) 1 = 141,82 JPY ) 1 CAD = 1,3677 ) 10 = 5,733 CYP ) 10 AUD = 15,762

    2. :

    ) 200USD :. 166,68 . 170,01 . 173,47 . 239,98 . 230,58

    ) 100 , :. 63,71 . 150,79 . 153,87 . 156,95

    3. . ( - ):

    100, 120USD, 65GBP, 15.000JPY, 150CHF

    4. 2,46. 3 , 1 7,85. ;

    5. 750 m 4,27. - 2 11,45. ;

    6. 350 - . ;

    7. 25 , 15% . ;

    8. . , 5 . ;

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    133

    4.8.

    , . - . - . , . - .

    mm dm, . -

    mm.

    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

    ( ),

    .

    , , - . - , - . - , . , - .

    , .

    . , - .

    , .

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    134

    , ( ) . - , .

    00.00

    ,

    0. , . . . . , , .

    , . , , . , - . , , - , , - , , .

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    135

    1. :

    )

    /minB

    4000

    2000 6000

    80000

    )

    0

    1 0 0

    2003 0 0

    4 0 0

    C

    )

    km/hB

    100

    50 150

    2000

    2. , . .

    0

    2

    10

    100500

    1

    3 45 20

    1 5

    10

    3. .

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    136

    4. .

    5. , .

    6. - . .

    7. .

    8. , ( ) .

    9. . . .

    10. ( ) .

    11. 10 , 8g . 10 7g . ;

    12. , . , . ;

    13. 50 100m. , m/s km/h. 100m .

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    5.

    5.1.

    - . -

    ;

    4 . :

    18m+26m+24m+20m=88m 88 .

    88m . , .

    .

    - , - , , .

    : / / /

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    138

    , 5 . ;

    -

    . 5 ., - 4 5 . 20 . =

    5

    : ,

    4 .

    - 5m 3m . ;

    . , 2 5m 2 3m .

    :2 5m 2 3m 10m 6m 16m + = + =

    3

    5

    : , , -

    2 2 + .

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    139

    2m, 3,5m 4m. ;

    :

    4m 2m 3,5m 9,5m+ + = 4m

    2 m3 ,5 m

    : , , ,

    + + .

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    140

    1. 2 , :. 10 . . 8 . . 20 . . 2 . . 4 .

    2. , :

    3m 50

    8.

    10.

    3. 110 70 . - 5 . .

    4. , , 40 ., . 10 , ;

    5. ,

    100m, 10m. , 1,50 . ;

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    141

    5.2.

    - . ;

    .

    : 6m 4m, 1m. 20

    , ; :

    6 4 . , 6 4 24 = . 1m, 1 (m 2), : 2.E 6 4 24m = = . , .

    : ,,

    , - E = .

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    142

    : 3m, 10 1m. , 10 ;

    : 3 3 .

    , 23 3 3 9 = = , . 1 (1m 2), 2 23 9m = = .

    , 10 , .

    , :

    2 =

    .

    - ( ), - , .

    , , , .

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    145

    2 :

    , , 80m 30m . - 3 , ;

    8 0 m

    30m

    . - , .

    , : 230 40

    600m2 2

    = = = .

    , : 230 40

    600m2 2

    = = = .

    , , :2 2 2

    600m 600m 1200m = + = , -

    , :3 1200 3600 = .

    4 0 m

    15m

    4 0 m

    15m

    A

    B

    1

    2

    : 1, 2, :

    1 2

    2

    =

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    146

    1. :

    5cm 10m 2m

    5cm

    E=----------------

    E=----------------

    E=----------------

    E=----------------

    4m 80cm

    8cm

    4cm

    6cm

    2. - , , , , , .

    - , -:

    ()

    .() ;

    4m

    6m

    20m

    3. 780m. . 100 , ;

    A

    B300m

    210m

    1 5 0 m

    4. 10m . 2m, .

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    1475. -

    . 8 , -

    - ;

    1m

    1m 2 m

    20m

    6. , . .

    A

    8m

    8m

    40m

    2 0 m

    25m

    8m

    B

    7. 40m 50m. , 6m -

    , . -

    100 , :()

    .() -

    .

    8. - .

    4m

    9m

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    148 9.

    .

    1m

    2m5m

    10. 3 - . - . - 3 , -.

    1,5m

    1 0 m

    16m

    2 ,4 0 m

    2m

    1,2m

    1,5m

    1,2m

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    149

    5.3.

    . , .- , ( ,).

    , .

    , ,

    . .

    , . , () , , - .

    , -

    , , - .

    .

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    150

    ,

    .

    . ;

    , 1800 .., Rhid.

    216

    3,160499 =

    ( ). , -

    ,