Observing Sara: A Case Study of a Blind Person’s Interactions with Technology

presenter: 徐欣佑

Reference

Kristen Shinohara, Josh Tenenberg “Observing Sara: A Case Study of a Blind Person’s Interactions with Technology ” , ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Assistive Technologies, SESSION: Personal technologies , Pages: 171 - 178 , 2007 .

Introduction

The blind computer user Workarounds strategies Physical and social world Studying a single user

Across a range of devices and tasks Broader and more nuanced

understanding

Assistive technology for people with visual impairment

Audible screen readers External memory aids Non-speech sounds for navigation W3C’s Web Accessibility Guidelines

physical and cognitive abilities Different interaction needs

In-depth exploratory and descriptive case-study

Interaction with both digital and physical objects

In the individual’s home Breakdowns and workarounds

Sara’s life (software and hardware)

BrailleNote and Braille labler Cell phone Electronic dictionary CD collection and CD player Job access with speech screen reader Tactile watch

Analysis of interviews and observations

Navigation with JAWS (screen reader) Does not recognize pictures and

graphics Different key to execute intended

action Tactile watch

Why not digital? (“marks”)

Analysis of interviews and observations

Organization CD collection Label only in braille Discs are not organized in name

Receiving text messages by cell phone Unable to access and read the SMS

Conclusion

Broader range of tasks will improve the internal validity of research

Who will use technology,how they will use it

Technologies can ‘mark’ an individual