Министерство образования Нижегородской...

Министерство образования Нижегородской области

Государственное бюджетное профессиональное

образовательное учреждение

«Починковский сельскохозяйственный техникум»

Методические указания

для студентов заочной формы обучения

по специальности

35.02.07 Механизация сельского хозяйства

по дисциплине «Иностранный язык»

Починки, 2015г.

Пояснительная записка

Учебная дисциплина «Иностранный язык» предназначена для

реализации ФГОС по специальности 35.02.07 Механизация сельского

хозяйства.

Данный курс является одним из основополагающих, формирующих

необходимые базовые знания для освоения общепрофессиональных

дисциплин.

Программа рассчитана на 206 часов, из них на самостоятельное

изучение 174 часа.

В результате изучения дисциплины студент должен:

уметь: общаться (устно и письменно) на иностранном языке на

профессиональные и повседневные темы;

переводить (со словарем) иностранные тексты профессиональной

направленности;

самостоятельно совершенствовать устную и письменную речь,

пополнять словарный запас.

знать: лексический (1200-1400 лексических единиц) и грамматический

минимум, необходимый для чтения и перевода (со словарем)

иностранных текстов профессиональной направленности.

Данный курс представлен следующими разделами:

- Вводно-коррективный курс;

- Развивающий курс. Развитие навыка устной речи;

- Развивающий курс. Развитие навыка письменной речи. Основные

особенности перевода;

- Профессиональная сфера.

Рабочая программа учебной дисциплины «иностранный язык»

рассмотрена на заседании ЦМК преподавателей профессиональных

дисциплин, утверждена зам.директора по УПР.

Учебным планом предусмотрено выполнение 2 домашних контрольных

работы. Итоговой формой контроля знаний и умений студентов-заочников

является дифференцированный зачет.

I. Рабочая программа учебной дисциплины

Тематический план

№

п\п

Наименование раздела

Максимальная

нагрузка

Количество часов

Аудитор

ная

нагрузка

Из

них

ЛПЗ

Внеаудиторна

я нагрузка

Первый курс

1 Вводно-коррективный

курс.

50

6 6 44

Дифференцированный

зачет 2 2 2

Итого за 1 курс 52 8 8 44

Второй курс

2 Развивающий курс.

Развитие навыка устной

речи

50 6 6 44


зачет

2 2 2


Третий курс

3 Развивающий курс.

Развитие навыка

письменной речи.

Основные особенности

перевода

49 6 6 43


зачет

2 2 2


Четвертый курс

4 Профессиональная

сфера.

49 6 6 43


зачет

2 2 2


Итого за весь период

обучения

206 32 32 174

Раздел 1. Вводно-коррективный курс

Студент должен

знать:

– значения новых лексических единиц, связанных с тематикой данного

этапа и с соответствующими ситуациями общения;

–значения изученных глагольных форм (видо-временных, неличных),

порядок слов в английском предложении; числительные; множественное

число имен существительных; типы вопросов; наречия выражения места и

направления;

– лингвострановедческую, страноведческую и социокультурную

информацию, расширенную за счет новой тематики и проблематики речевого

общения;

уметь:

говорение

– вести диалог (диалог–расспрос, диалог–обмен мнениями/суждениями,) в

ситуациях официального и неофициального общения в бытовой,

социокультурной и учебно-трудовой сферах, используя аргументацию,

эмоционально-оценочные средства;

– рассказывать, рассуждать в связи с изученной тематикой, проблематикой

прочитанных/прослушанных текстов; описывать события, излагать факты,

делать сообщения;

– создавать словесный социокультурный портрет своей страны и

страны/стран изучаемого языка на основе разнообразной страноведческой и

культуроведческой информации;

аудирование

– понимать относительно полно (общий смысл) высказывания на изучаемом

иностранном языке в различных ситуациях общения;

– понимать основное содержание аутентичных аудио- или видеотекстов

познавательного характера на темы, предлагаемые в рамках курса,

выборочно извлекать из них необходимую информацию;

чтение

– читать аутентичные тексты, используя основные виды чтения

(ознакомительное, изучающее, просмотровое/поисковое) в зависимости от

коммуникативной задачи;

письменная речь

– описывать явления, события, излагать факты в письме личного и делового

характера;

– заполнять различные виды анкет, сообщать сведения о себе в форме,

принятой в стране/странах изучаемого языка;

Дидактические единицы:

Введение. Роль английского языка в межкультурной коммуникации. Основы

практической фонетики: буквы, звуки, интонация. Основные правила

произношения; Основы грамматики. Имя существительно. Артикль.

Спряжение глагола to be. Местоимения. Имя прилагательное. Построение

простого английского предложения. Типы вопросов в современном

английском языке. Основы грамматики. Времена английского глагола.

1)Ответить на вопросы для самоконтроля:

Какие виды звуков вы знаете?

Что такое интонация? Основные правила интонационного

произношения.

Как образуется множественное число имен существительных?

Степени сравнения прилагательных.

Типы вопросов в современном английском языке.

Самостоятельная работа:

1)Составить предложения: Present Simple, past Simple, Future Simple

2)Подготовить монологические высказывания по темам: Мой рабочий

день, Моя семья, Мое хобби, праздники в России, Москва, Лондон,

Обычаи и традиции англичан.

3) Перевести текст «My Homeland» и ответить на вопросы

4) Подготовить презентацию лингвострановедческой тематики

Раздел 2. Развивающий курс. Развитие навыка устной речи


знать:

– значения новых лексических единиц, связанных с тематикой данного этапа

и с соответствующими ситуациями общения;


степени сравнения имен прилагательных; страдательный залог; артикли;


информацию, расширенную за счет новой тематики и проблематики

речевого общения;

Уметь

говорение


ситуациях официального и неофициального общения в бытовой,

социокультурной и учебно-трудовой сферах, используя аргументацию,

эмоционально-оценочные средства;




– создавать словесный социокультурный портрет своей страны и

страны/стран изучаемого языка на основе разнообразной страноведческой и

культуроведческой информации;




– понимать основное содержание аутентичных аудио- или видеотекстов

познавательного характера на темы, предлагаемые в рамках курса,


чтение

– читать аутентичные тексты, используя основные виды чтения




– описывать явления, события, излагать факты в письме личного и делового

характера;

– заполнять различные виды анкет, сообщать сведения о себе в форме,

принятой в стране/странах изучаемого языка;


Построение диалогического высказывание. Реплики-клише.

Составление диалогических высказываний на основе прочитанного,

услышанного. Общение в рамках следующих тематик: знакомство,

приветствия, о себе, моя семья, отдых и хобби. Составление монологических

высказываний в рамках следующих тематик: мой город, страны изучаемого

языка, моя будущая профессия.

1)Ответить на вопросы для самоконтроля:

Что такое реплики-клише?

Правила построения вопросительного и отрицательного предложения

Основные правила построения монологического высказывания


1)Подготовка диалогического высказывания по теме « Знакомство», изучение

лексического материала в рамках данной темы

2) Подготовка сообщения на тему « Образование в России»

3) Составить таблицу реплик-клише

4) Подготовка монологического высказывания по темам: о себе, моя семья,

отдых и хобби

6) Интерпретация текста « Jim and Della»

Раздел 3. Развивающий курс. Развитие навыка письменной речи.

Основные особенности перевода


знать:


и с соответствующими ситуациями общения;


степени сравнения имен прилагательных; страдательный залог; артикли;


информацию, расширенную за счет новой тематики и проблематики речевого

общения;

уметь




- читать аутентичные тексты, используя основные виды чтения




Залог. Герундий. Причастие. Составление сложного английского

предложения. Согласование времен. Вариативность английского языка.

Основные особенности перевода. Прямая и косвенная речь.

1) Ответить на вопросы для самоконтроля:

Что такое залог?

Что такое герундий?

Что такое причастие?


1) Выполнить тестовое задание по темам: артикль, времен6а английского

глагола, модальные глаголы, спряжение глагола to be

2) Написать письмо другу

3) Выполнить перевод текста « Environmental Protection»

4) Изучение дополнительного материала по темам: Вариативность

английского языка. Основные особенности перевода. Прямая и

косвенная речь.

Раздел 4. Профессиональная сфера Студент должен

знать:


и с соответствующими ситуациями общения; структуру и оформление

деловых писем;

– значения и виды местоимений; артикли; изученных глагольных форм

(видо-временных, неличных);

– социокультурную и профессиональную информацию, расширенную за счет

новой тематики и проблематики речевого общения в рамках

профессионального общения;

уметь:

говорение


ситуациях официального общения в социокультурной и учебно-трудовой

сферах, используя аргументацию, эмоционально-оценочные средства;






иностранном языке в ситуациях делового общения;

–понимать основное содержание аутентичных аудио- или видеотекстов

познавательного характера на темы, предлагаемые в рамках раздела,


чтение

– читать научно-популярные и тексты профессионального содержания и,

используя основные виды чтения в зависимости от коммуникативной задачи;


–составлять меню; характеристики напитков и вин; рекомендация вин и

напитков закускам и блюдам; оформлять, резюме; заявление;

сопроводительное письмо;


Резюме. Написание сопроводительного письма. Собеседование. Прием и

отклонение предложений. Устройство автомобиля. Сельскохозяйственная

техника.

1) Ответить на вопросы для самоконтроля:

Как составить резюме?

Правила написания сопроводительного письма

Как пройти собеседование: что можно говорить, а чего следует избегать


Составить резюме

1) Написать сопроводительное письмо

2) Составить диалог « устройство на работу»

3) Создать презентацию С/х работы и техника

4) Изучение дополнительного материала по темам: Механика и

автомобилестроение; Техническое обслуживание автомобиля

2. Рекомендации по изучению курса

Грамматический материал включает следующие основные темы.

Имя существительное. Образование множественного числа с помощью

внешней и внутренней флексии; множественное число существительных,

заимствованных из греческого и латинского языков; существительные,

имеющие одну форму для единственного и множественного числа; чтение и

правописание окончаний. Существительные исчисляемые и неисчисляемые.

Употребление слов many, much, a lot of, little, a little, few, a few с

существительными.

Артикль. Артикли определенный, неопределенный, нулевой. Чтение

артиклей. Употребление артикля в устойчивых выражениях, с

географическими названиями, в предложениях с оборотом there + to be.

Имя прилагательное. Образование степеней сравнения и их правописание.

Сравнительные слова и обороты than, as . . . as, not so . . . as.

Наречие. Образование степеней сравнения. Наречия, обозначающие

количество, место, направление.

Предлог. Предлоги времени, места, направления и др.

Местоимение. Местоимения личные, притяжательные, указательные,

неопределенные, отрицательные, возвратные, взаимные, относительные,

вопросительные.

Имя числительное. Числительные количественные и порядковые. Дроби.

Обозначение годов, дат, времени, периодов. Арифметические действия и

вычисления.

Глагол. Глаголы to be, to have, to do, их значения как смысловых глаголов и

функции как вспомогательных. Глаголы правильные и неправильные.

Видовременные формы глагола, их образование и функции в действительном

и страдательном залоге. Чтение и правописание окончаний в настоящем и

прошедшем времени. Слова — маркеры времени. Обороты to be going to и

there + to be в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем времени. Модальные

глаголы и глаголы, выполняющие роль модальных. Модальные глаголы в

этикетных формулах и официальной речи (Can/ may I help you?, Should you

have any questions . . . , Should you need any further information . . . и др.).

Инфинитив, его формы. Герундий. Сочетания некоторых глаголов с

инфинитивом и герундием (like, love, hate, enjoy и др.). Причастия I и II.

Сослагательное наклонение.

Вопросительные предложения. Специальные вопросы. Вопросительные

предложения — формулы вежливости (Could you, please . . . ?, Would you like .

. . ?, Shall I . . . ? и др.).

Условные предложения. Условные предложения I, II и III типов.

3. Задания для контрольных работ

Варианты для контрольной работы №1

№1

I. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Types of Loading As to the manner in which loads are applied or transmitted to a structure of

machine they may be considered as static loads, repeated loads, impact and energy

loads.

In static, steady or dead loads are forces that are applied slowly and remain

nearly constant after being applied to the body such as the loads on most buildings

or the load applied to a bar in the usual type of testing machine.

1. Repeated loads are forces that are applied a very large number of times

causing a stress in the material that is continually changing, usually through some

definite range. Such are the loads applied to the connecting rod of an engine is

running, the wheel loads on a railroad rail as a train passes over the rail and similar

ones.

2. Impact loads are forces that are applied to the resisting body in a relatively

short period of time. An impact load, in general, is applied by a moving body when

it comes in contact with the resisting body. The force exerted by the moving body

and die period during which it acts in general cannot be determined. For this reason

in some problems it is more satisfactory to calculate the stress and strain produced

by an impact load from the energy delivered to the resisting body by the moving

body.

Other Classifications of Loads. -Loads may be classified as distributed loads

and concentrated loads. A distributed load may be uniformly distributed or non-

uniformly distributed. A concentrated load is one whose area of contact with the

resisting body is negligible in comparison with the area of the resisting body.

II. Выпишите из текста предложения с глаголами в

а) the Participle

б) the Gerund

в) the Subjunctive mood.

III. Переведите текст на английский.

Зимние шины не рекомендуется эксплуатировать при температуре выше +5

по Цельсию. Они мало того, что становятся мягче и буквально «плавятся», но

кроме того еще и не выполняют в полной мере своих функций, устойчивость

автомобиля на дороге при этом становится большим вопросом.

IV Заполните пропуски наречиями some, any, по, по смыслу:

1. ... pupils went to the river ... to the woods.

2. ... of my friends live in Moscow.

3. ... have you ... English dictionaries?

4. Is there ... ink in the inkstand? Yes, there is ...

5. Bring ... chalk, please.

6. There is ... chalk in the box.

7. Is there... milk in the jug? Yes. there is.…

V. Выберите правильный вариант:

1.Before you , don't forget to lock the door.

a)-are leaving b)-will leave c)-leave d)-shall leave

2.Please do not speak to anyone before the police .

а)-come b)-are coming c)- ll come d)-came

3.His parents will be very glad if she ______the university.

a)-enter b)-’II enter c)- enters d)- entered

4.When you ______my brother, you ______him.

a)-'II see: - won’t recognize: b)- see won't recognize: c)-saw, recognize; d)-'II see,

don't recognize

5.We won't discuss the matter until the headmaster_______.

a)-'II arrive b)- won't arrive c)- doesn’t arrive d) -arrives

VI. Замените инфинитив в скобках глаголами в Past Simple:

1.That boy (break) my window.

2.I (drive) to work every day last year.

3.Laura (hit) that boy

4.James (keep) the book about films.

5.We (meet) them at the same place every week.

6.You (pul) that there.

7.We (sit) at the same desks.

8.An American (win) Wimbledon last year.

№2

I. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Four-stroke engine The internal combustion engine is a machine that develops power from the

combustion of fuel within a cylinder. The cycle of operation is as follows:

Suction Stroke- Just before the piston reaches the inner dead-centre, a valve,

usually of the "poppet" ty pe, is opened.

On its outward stroke, the piston draws into the cylinder an explosive

mixture of air and fuel vapour.

Shortly before the piston reaches the outer dead-centre, the inlet valve is

closed and the compression stroke begins.

Compression stroke- During this stroke, the w'hole of the gas in the cylinder

is compressed into the free space at the head of the cylinder.

Explosion, or Working Stroke- When the compression stroke is almost

complete, the explosive mixture is ignited by an electric spark or by other suitable

means. The gases reach their maximum pressure almost immediately, and work is

done until the piston has again reached a position just before the outer dead- centre,

when a second exhaust valve is opened.

If the ignition takes place too late, the piston begins its outward journey

before the maximum pressure is developed and power is lost.

If, on the other hand, the explosive mixture is ignited too early, the

maximum pressure is reached before the piston has completed its inward journey,

and engine is slowed down or even stopped.

Exhaust Stroke- The burnt gases are driven out in front of the and its return

until the inlet valve again opens, when the cycle is repeated.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund


III. Переведите текст на английский.

Летняя резина, при приближении температуры воздуха к «нулю» твердеет и

становится абсолютно «дубовой», что существенно повышает вероятность

заноса (даже на относительно сухом покрытии), а также вероятность разрыва

колеса при обычном проколе.

IV Заполните пропуски подходящими артиклями a\ an или the:

1.I wrote to her but... letter never arrived.

2.Britain is ... island.

3.What is . .. name of this village?

4.Jane is ... very nice person. You must meet her.

5.Montreal is ... large city in ... Canada.

6.What is ... largest city in ... Canada?

7."What time is it?" "I don’t know'. I haven't got... watch."

V. Замените неопрделенную форму глагола, данную в скобках,

соответствующими формами в the Future Progressive или the Present

Simple:

1.The delegation (to start) for London as soon as they (to receive) their visas.

2.At the travel bureau they (to tell you exactly when the train (to leave)

3.Ask the Smith if it (to take) him long ю make a duplicate of this key.

4.I (not to think) I (to be able to) call on them and (to say) good-bye before I (to

go) abroad.

5.If you (not to want) to climb the tree you can shake it and the apples (to fall)

down to the ground.

6.If I (to go) to Moscow 1 usually (to stay) at my friends.

7.Ask him when he (to finish) packing.

VI. Определите, какое значение приобретают выделенные слова в

контексте следующих предложений. Переведите предложения на

русский язык.

1.The soldier is now at his post.

2. The man did his best to get a better post.

3. I will send you the book by post.

4. The wooden gate was supported by two metal posts.

№3

1. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Two-Stroke engine.

This engine differs from the four-stroke engine in having one working stroke

during each complete revolution of the crankshaft.

During the inward stroke of the piston a port leading to the crankcase is

uncovered and the explosive mixture of air and fuel is drawn into the crankcase.

On beginning its outward stroke, the inlet port is soon covered, and the mixture is

compressed in the crankcase to pressure of about 20 lb. per sq. in. As the outer

dead- centre is approached the exhaust port is opened, and shortly afterwards

another port opens, which allows the partially compressed charge of gas to enter

the cylinder, driving out the exhaust gas before it. A baffle in the piston top directs

the unbumt charge to the top of the cylinder, thus preventing undue loss through

mixing with the exhaust gas.

The gas is compressed on the inward stroke and is exploded as the piston

reaches inner dead-centre.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund


III. Переведите текст на английский язык.

Инжекторный двигатель существенно улучшает эксплуатационные и

мощностные показатели автомобиля (динамика разгона, экологические

характеристики, расход топлива), инжекторные двигатели, безусловно,

гораздо совершеннее карбюраторных. Отечественные инжекторные

двигатели хорошо адаптированы к нашему холодному климату, поэтому

неплохо заводятся при очень низкой температуре.

IV. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу местоимениями.

1.When Mary came to the dining room ... took off... coat and sat down. The

waitress soon brought ... some soup. When Mary finished ... dinner ... looked at...

watch, put on ... coat and went out.

2.(Say the same about Peter): When Peter ...

3.(Now Mary speaks about herself): "When I

4.(Now Mary- and Peter tell us what they did in the dining room when they went

their together): "When we ...".


соответствующими формами в Use the Present Indefinite, the Present

Perfect or the Past Indefinite.

1 You ever (to be) to the picture gallery?-Yes, I (to be). I (to visit) it once when I

was a youth and the pictures (to make) a great impression on me. Since then I (not

to be) here.

2. You already (to see) the new Indian film? - Yes. I (to see) it. I (to manage) to see

it yesterday. I (to go) to the cinema in the evening and (to get) two tickets easily.

3. You always (to take) books from our library? - Yes. as a rule, I (to take).

4. I (not to see) Jane lately. When you (to see) her last? - I (to meet) her two days

ago. I (to think) that she (to change) very much.

5. You (to have) dinner already? -No. not yet. The Waitress (to take) my order

fifteen minutes ago and (not to

bring) me anything yet

6. Where you (to get) this fine new bicycle from? - My parents (to give) it to me as

a birthday present.

VI. Выберите правильный вариант:

1.I want to go shopping but if you_______ to come, you_____ .

a)-want, need b)-not want, needn't c) -don't want, needn't d)-do want, needn't

2.If you_______ on this tram it'll take you to the downtown

a)'II get b)- have got c)- got d)-get

3.He _____ to the country tomorrow if the weather is fine.

a)go b)-goes c)- '11 go d)-'d go

4. You'll understand nothing unless you_______ the book yourself.

a) read b)-won't read c) -don’t read d)- '11 read

5. You'll understand this rule alter your teacher______ it to you.

a) - ll explain b)- explain c)-explains d)- don't explain.

№4


Basic elements of hydraulic systems

The basic elements of hydraulic systems are:

1 The fluid.

2. The generator element (pump).

3. The transmission element (pipes and connections).

4. The control element (valve or restrictor).

5. The motor element (jack or continuous motor).

6. Tank and filter.

It can only function as a pump while die piston is moving into the cylinder and acts

as a motor while the piston moves back. If non-return valves are added, the inlet

valve is connected to a tank and the piston is given a to-and-fro motion, the device,

becomes a source of continuous supply of liquid, except for interruptions during

the suction stroke, which can be avoided by having two or more cylinders and

pistons. Thus we obtain continuous pump.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund


III. Заполните текст подходящими предлогами

It was two o'clock when John went... the dining-room to have dinner. Peter

was already there. He sat... a table with a book ... his hands. John took the menu ...

the next table. When the waitress came, he ordered some soup and meat. "Can you

bring me some white bread?" asked John. "Yes, of course. I can", answered the

waitress, "1 shall bring- you some ... a minute". She came back ... a few minutes.

"What will you have ... dessert?" she asked. John asked her to bring him some ice-

cream. "I'm sorry'", said die waitress. "It will only be ready ... half an hour". So

they took some milk, paid ... their dinner, and went out... the street. John then went

... the library, Peter went home.

IV. Перепишите предложения используя the Future и the Past

1.The tourists are shown many places of interest in our town.

2.The Moscow University is greatly admired by everybody.

3.New metro station is built in our town.

4.The poem is recited in our group.

5.We are told to wait outside.

V.Перепишите предложения используя the Past Indefinite or die Past

Perfect.

1. They (to complete) all the preparation for the fancy-dress ball by 5 o'clock.

2. On leaving the hospital the man (to diank) the doctor who (to cure) him of his

disease.

3. In the morning all the passengers (to feel) good after the night they (to spend) in

the comfortable sleeper.

4. During my last visit to the picture gallery I (to find) that I no longer (to like) the

pictures which (to impress) me when I first (to see) them Evidently my taste (to

change).

5. Last night he (complete) the experiment which he (to begin) some niondis

before, s They (to be) friends for some ten years before I (to meet) them.

6. No sooner she (to open) the drawer than she (to find) the photo which she (to

think) she (to lose) long before.

7. I (to refuse) to give a definite answer before I (to receive) a letter from him.

№5.


Elementary Hydraulic Systems

The simplest hydraulic system is perhaps the hydraulic shock absorber

which consists of a pump (piston) and resistance. Another elementary type of

system is the hydraulic weighing machine, which consists of a non- continuous

pump element(piston or diaphragm) and a pressure gauge.

Other elementary systems consists of a jack, transmission line, and a pump

of the non-continuous type without control gear, although valves may still be

present for secondary' purposes. Systems of this type are used for remote

transmission of manual or pedal effort or motion, or for remote transmission of

instrument indication.

The simplest best known system of this type hydraulic brake.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund


III. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Основные параметры подшипников:

Максимальные динамическая и статическая нагрузка (радиальная и осевая).

Максимальная скорость (оборотов в минуту для радиальных подшипников).

Посадочные размеры.

Класс точности подшипников.

Требования к смазке.

Ресурс подшипника до появления признаков усталости, в оборотах.

Шумы подшипника

IV. Вставьте где необходимо артикли a. an. the

I have ... hobby. I like to cook. During my leisure time 1 make ... cakes and pies. It

is not difficult to make ... pie. Sometimes my brother helps me. He is ... good boy

and we get along well with ... each other. My brother usually goes ... shopping and

buys ... different tilings, which are necessary for ... cooking. My cakes are tasty but

I like ... pies ... best of all.

V. Перепишите предложения используя the Past Indefinite или the Past

Perfect.

1. No wonder he (to look) tired after the strain under w'hich he (to be) lately.

2. She just (to ask) a porter to carry her as they (to be) too heavy for her.

3. Where (to be) your monitor? "She (to go)" to the library

4. I regularly (to see) him every morning at the tram stop, but 1 (not to see) him

these two or three days.

5. It (to be) cold in winter in Moscow as a rule?- Yes. generally it (to be), but this

winter (to be) exceptionally warn.

6. Why you (not to shave) in the morning?-l(to shave)even- other day.

VI. Перепишите предложения используя the Passive Voice.

1.A guide will show the visitors the new buildings.

2.Someone told him to make a report on ancient architecture.

3.Mr. Smith taught her Greek and gave her a dictionary'.

4.The teacher told John to learn the alphabet.

5. I will tell you another fable next time.

6. They invited the rest of us to go sightseeing.

№ 6


Tubing, Tube Connectors, and Flexible Hose

The various units of a hydraulic system are connected with some form of

tubing or flexible hose.

Tubes are joined by means of tube connectors, usually of the same material

Tubing. Some of the factors governing the selection of tubing are corrosion,

temperature weight, mechanical strains, abuse and pressures.

Because of its light weight, aluminum-alloy tubing and fittings are used

wherever possible.

Fittings are designed to withstand the bursting pressure that the tube of

maximum wall thickness will withstand, assuming that the tube and fittings are of

similar materials. For general heighpressure installations steel tubes and fittings are

recommended.

Flexible Hose. Flexible hose is used to connect hydraulic units between

stationary' and moving parts. Hoses are made up of varying layers of synthetic

rubber, fabric, and wire braid.

In installing flexible hose care must be taken that the hose is free from

twists. Under pressure a twist will rotate the hose and loosen the connection,

causing failure.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund



Для разных температурных режимов производители автошин

разрабатывают разный химический состав резины для конкретного

температурного диапазона. Зимние шины при температуре выше +5 по

Цельсию не рекомендуется использовать, они становятся мягче и буквально

«плавятся», но кроме того еще и не выполняют в полной мере своих

функций, устойчивость автомобиля на дороге при этом становится большим

вопросом.

Летняя резина, при приближении температуры воздуха к «нулю»

твердеет м становится абсолютно «дубовой», что существенно повышает

вероятность заноса (даже на относительно сухом покрытии), а также

вероятность разрыва колеса при обычном проколе Всесезонные шины лучше

всего чувствуют себя именно в околонулевой температуре, скажем, от -5 до

+10 градусов.

IV. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу предлогами.

This writer is known all ... the world. Many people are fond ... his books. 1

read one of his novels ... a month ago. He tells his stories ... such a way that you

remember them ... a long time. Although his characters arc imaginary it always

seems that they live ... real life.... the beginning of the year they made a trading

expedition ... Africa. Crusoe left ... saying good-bye to anyone. ...his way ...

London he had his first experience ... a shipwreck.

V. Заполните пропуски словами many, much или little, a little:

When we came to the dining-room there were ... people there already. We

sat down at a table, took the menu-card and began to read it. "I shall not eat...

today", said,"... soup, some milk and ... cake-no thing else"

"I never eat very ... said Mary". But today 1 am hungry, and 1 want to eat as

... as I can: soup. meat, fish and potatoes". "But it will take a lot of time", said

Peter, "and we have very ...time, you know. We have ... things to do before the

lecture begins"

VI. Замените неопрделенную форму глагола, данную в скобках,

соответствующими формами в the Present Continuous : 1.It (to rain)? Yes. it (to rain) very hard.

2.The delegation (to leave) Moscow tomorrow.

3.Somebody (to talk) the next room.

4.Who (to make) such a noise?

5.What you (to read) now? I (to read) stories by Maugham.

6.Somebody (to nock) at the door.

7.You (to go) anywhere tonight.

№7


Machine Elements

Screw fastenings

Machine parts are held together by parts:

1.working in tension,

2.working in shear.

3.creating friction, and

4.using both shear and friction forces.

Types of Fastenings-All fastenings can be divided into two classes-

disconnectable fastenings and permanent joints.

Disconnectable fastenings, in turn are effected by:

a) bolts and screws

b) wedges

c) dowel pins

d) keys

Permanent joints are obtained by means of:

a) press fits

b) shrink fits

c) rivets

d) welding, brazing, and soldering

e) casting

Forms if Threads. Screw' fastenings are used for holding two or more

machine parts together or for adjusting one part with relation to another. In screw

fastenings the threads are made in several forms but are always of triangular- type

single thread.

Screw threads are made right-hand and left- hand.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund


III. Переведите текст на русский язык.

Свеча зажигания — устройство для воспламенения топливно-воздушной

смеси в самых разнообразных тепловых двигателях. Бывают искровые,

дуговые, накаливания, каталитические. В бензиновых двигателях

внутреннего сгорания используются искровые свечи.

IV. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу предлогами.

... week-days w-e work. We rest... Sundays. I get up ... the morning. We sleep ...

night. She

promised to do this work ... time We have our vacation ... January. We live ... the

twentieth century. We tell the ... a clock or a watch. Our child is in the fresh air ...

morning ... night. My father comes home ... noon


соответствующими формами в the Present Simple или the Present

Progressive:

1.Why you (walk) so fast today0 You usually (walk) quite slowly -I (hurry). I am

afraid to miss the train.

2. Cuckoos (not to build) nests. They (to use) the nests of other birds.

3. I always (to buy) lottery tickets, but I seldom (to win)

4. You cannot (to have) the book now' because my brother (to read) it.

5. Some people (to do) everything with their left hand,

6. Who (to make) that terrible noise?-lt is my son.

7. How you (to feel)?

VI. Раскройте скобки. Используйте прилагательные или наречия.

1 If you read this joke (proper) you will understand it.

2. It was a (gay) song and she sang it (gay).

3. She spoke very (good) and everybody wondered where she had learnt to speak

so fluently

4. She was (kind ) to him and he was (happy).

5. The children were running among the trees laughing (happy).

6. (Usual) I get up (early) but that Sunday I got up (late).

7. The work must be done (careful).

№8


PINS.

Geometrically pins can be divided into cylindrical pins, called straight pins,

and conical or taper pins. Dynamically pins can be classified as those used only to

locate the relative position of two parts when there is little or no force acting upon

the pin. and those that fasten tvvo or more parts together and are subjected to

considerable stresses, which are mostly in shear but sometimes in bending.

Locating pins are called dowel pins or simply dowels. A connecting pin, like a

dowel, may be used either as a permanent connection or as a fulcrum for a

movable joint.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund



Комбинированный двигатель внутреннего сгорания (комбинированный

ДВС) — двигатель внутреннего сгорания, представляющий собой

комбинацию из поршневой (роторно-поршневой) и лопаточной машины

(турбина, компрессор), в котором в осуществлении рабочего процесса

участвуют обе машины.

IV. Вставьте somebody, anybody, nobod)’, (no one. none), something, nothing,

eveiybody, everywhere nowhere, somewhere, anywhere по смыслу:

I. Good morning...!

2. He never goes by train: he goes...by plane.

3. There is...here.

4. He did...all day yesterday.

5. They want chairs. They have ... to sit.

6. ... of the pupils will go to school. It is too cold.

7. ... is coming to see us.

8. She will tell us ... about her holidays.

9. He will go ... to have a little rest.

10. Is ... coming to inspect us?

11. Have you ... interesting to tell us?

12. Haven't you ... to go?

V. Замените глаголы в скобках нужными в the Past Indefinite или the Past

Continuous

1.John (to write) the label when the bell (to ring) and a short man (to enter). A dog

(to follow) him.

2.There (to be) silence while the man (to look) John up and down.

3.I (to see) the light in your windows as I (to pass).

4. During the dinner while he (to eat) his piece of cold meat, his aunt (to help)

herself to wine.

5. While he (to read) a newspaper she (to sit) studying him, and by the look in her

eyes he (to see) that she (to reflect) on something concerning him.

6. Jim half (to dream) still when he (to come) to the place of his destination.

VI. Замените глаголы в скобках на Gerunds. Поставьте предлоги где

необходимо.

1. I have no intention ... (to stay) here any longer.

2. She insisted ... (to help) me.

3. Are you fond of... (to play).

4. They have had very much experience ... (to cast).

5. There was no possibility ... (to come) in time.

6. There is little chance ... (to see) him today.

7. We have the pleasure ... (to invite) them to the evening party.

8. I think ... (to go) to the South in summer.

9. We are proud ... (to fulfill) that task ahead of time.

10. They had not any difficulty ... (to get) new machines.

№9


KEYS

Types of kevs.-The main function of a key is to transmit torque between a

shaft and a machine part assembled oil it. In most cases keys prevent relative

motion, both rotary and axial. In some constructions keys allow an axial motion

between the shaft and the hub, such keys are called feather or spline keys. In spite

of the tendency to standardize there are many key types in use by various

manufacturers.

According to various characteristics keys can be distinguished as straight

and tapered; rectangular, dovetailed, chamfered round, and disk- shaped: radial and

tangential; and (according to their use) for light duty and for heavy duty.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund



Для разных температурных режимов производители автошин разрабатывают

разный химический состав резины, таким образом «затачивая» конкретную

шину под эксплуатацию в конкретном температурном диапазоне.

IV. Заполните пропуски предлогами.

When the waitress came, he ordered some soup and meat. "Can you bring nfe some

white bread?" asked John. "Yes. of course. I can", answered the waitress. "I shall

bring you some ... a minute". She came back ... a few minutes. "What will you

have ... dessert?" she asked. John asked her to bring him some ice cream. "I'm

sorry'", said the waitress. "It will only be ready ... half an hour". So they took some

milk, paid ... their dinner, and went out ... the street. John then went... the library.

Peter went home.

V. Вставьте артикли a. an. the , где необходимо:

I have ... hobby. I like to cook. During my leisure time I make ... cakes and pies. It

is not difficult to make ... pie. Sometimes my brother helps me. He is ... good boy

and we get along well with ... each other. My brother usually goes ... shopping and

buys ... different tilings, which are necessary for ... cooking. My cakes are tasty but

I like ... pies . .. best of all.

VI. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в the Future Perfect где возможно:

1.After the clerk (to decode) the telegrams he (to take) them to the chief.

2. I am sure he (to throw) some light upon this matter before I (to leam) about it

from my sister's letter.

3. The secretary- (to look through) all the papers by the time the director (to come).

4. Do not start arguing until you (to hear) what I have to say.

5.I suppose that when my letter (to reach) you, you (to return) from your voyage.

6.If you do not hurry, the train (to leave)

7. We (not to be able) to start the experiment before we (to obtain) the necessary

data.

№10


Press, Shrink, and Friction Joints

Definitions. A press joint, also called a force joint, is obtained by forcing a

shaft into a hole that is slightly smaller than the shaft This is possible because of

the elasticity of the materials which produces the grip that holds the hub and shaft

together.

A shrink joint differs from a press joint chiefly by the method of assembling

it. The hub is heated to expand its bore and to slip it on the shaft. When the hub

cools down to the temperature of the shaft, the grip is produced in the same way as

in the force joint. The shrink joint is also used to connect machine parts by means

of special rings, anchors, and tie rods.

In a friction joint the holding grip is produced by the conical shape of the

shaft end and the hub bore and by the pull of a nut, or by a slotted hub whose bore

is smaller than the shaft and which is spread by a wedge when the joint is being

assembled.


а) the Participle

б) the Gerund



Если Вы ездите в основном на газе, снимите электромагнитный клапан

бензина и штатный бензонасос, установите вместо последнего заглушку.

Купите и установите электромагнитный бензонасос печки от автомобиля

ЗАЗ-968 вместо штатного. Это существенно улучшит эксплуатацию

автомобиля.

IV. Заполните пропуски, подходящими предлогами.

This writer is known all... the world. Many people are fond ... his books. I read one

of his novels ... a month ago. He tells his stories ... such a way that you remember

them ... a long time. Although his characters are imaginary it always seems that

they live ... real life.

... the beginning of the year they made a trading expedition ... Africa. Crusoe left ...

saying good-bye to anyone. ...his way ... London he had his first experience ... a

shipwreck.

V. Замените глаголы в скобках на the Past Indefinite or the Past

Continuous

1. John (to write) the label when the bell (to ring) and a short man (to enter), A dog

(to follow') him.

2. There (to be) silence while the man (to look) John up and down.

3. I (to see) the light in your windows as I (to pass).

4. During the dinner while he (to eat) his piece of cold meat, his aunt (to help)

herself to wine.

5. While he (to read) a newspaper she (to sit) studying him, and by the look in her

eyes he (to see) that she (to reflect) on something concerning him.

6. Jim half (to dream) still when he (to come) to the place of his destination.

VI. Замените глаголы в скобках на Gerunds. Поставьте предлоги, где

необходимо.

1. I have no intention ... (to stay) here any longer.

2. She insisted ... (to help) me.

3. Are you fond of ... (to play).

4.They have had very much experience ... (to cast).

5. There was no possibility ... (to come) in time.

6. There is little chance ... (to see) him today.

7. We have the pleasure ... (to invite) them to the evening party.

8. I think ... (to go) to the South in summer.

Варианты для контрольной работы №2

№1

1.Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим

признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –

s какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present

Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Some programming languages are used only with a particular model of

computer.

2. The computer's language is very difficult.

3. Bill Gates is still continues to work personally in product development at

Microsoft.

2. Перепишите предложения, содержащие разные степени сравнения при-

лагательных, и переведите их на русский язык..

1. The most compact computers are called laptops.

2. The Internet system is more interesting than television.

3. We are going to invent the fastest computer in the world.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык,

обращая внимание на перевод местоимений.

1. Everybody knows that we can use computers for some purposes.

2. Any student of our group can make these computer operations.

3. This computer is mine.

4.Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовремен-

ные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на


1. Millions of people around the world use the Internet to search for information

on all sorts of topics.

2. This development began with the introduction of MS-DOS, the new operating

system.

3. The new computers will help the petroleum companies to estimate possible

reserves of petroleum and gas, by data processing.

5. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переве-

дите 3-й абзац текста.

WHAT IS COMPUTER

The term computer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of

electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components.

Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware. A computer

system is a combination of five elements: hardware, software, people, procedures,

data/information.

When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer

system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner

in which the various individual systems are connected - for example, by phone

lines, microwave transmission, or satellite - is an element of the total computer

system.

Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how

to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn't know what

to do. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system:

they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that

those instructions present. The basic job of the computer is the processing of in-

formation. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called a program

and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operations, and then

give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, processed,

refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into in-

formation. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.

№2

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим

признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -

sи какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:


Indefinite;




1 Computers have opened up a new era in manufacturing by means of

automation.

2. Software interfaces are specific messages established between programs.

3. Bill Gates' company produces the most famous computer programs.


лагательных, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. Indirect addresses allow greater flexibility in programming because it is

possible to modify a program.

2. What are the latest achievements of modern electronics?

3. Later many people tried to make efforts to built and standardize the Internet.



1. It has a certain learning power.

2. Each browser provides a graphical interface.

3. You can send e-mail no somebody and get the answer.




1. In 1981 IBM Company offered its own microcomputer model.

2. This program will allow the user to select icons from a display screen instead

of typing commands.

3. Computer is an electronic device that can receive a program and then carry

out this program by calculating numeral information.


дите 4-й и 5-й абзацы текста.

HARDWARE

What is hardware? Webster's dictionary gives us the following definition of the

hardware - the mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical devices composing

a computer system. Computer hardware can be divided into four categories:

processing hardware, storage hardware, output hardware and input hardware.

The purpose of the input hardware is to collect data and convert it into a form

suitable for computer processing. The most common input device is a keyboard. It

looks very much like a typewriter. The mouse is a hand held device connected to the

computer by small cable. As the mouse is rolled across the mouse pad, the cursor

moves across the screen. When the cursor reaches the desired location, the user

usually pushes a button on the mouse once or twice to signal a menu selection or a

command to the computer.

The purpose of processing hardware is retrieve, interpret and direct the execution

of software instructions provided to the computer. The most common components

of processing hardware are the Central Processing Unit and main memory.

The purpose of storage hardware is to store computer instructions and data in a

form that is relatively permanent and retrieve when needed for processing. Storage

hardware serves the same basic functions as do office filing systems except that it

stores data as electromagnetic signals. The most common ways of storing data are

hard disk, floppy disk and CD-ROM.

The purpose of output hardware is to provide the user with the means to view

information produced by the computer system. Information is output in either

hardcopy or softcopy form. Hardcopy output can be held in your hand, such as

paper with text (word or numbers) or graphics printed on it. Softcopy output is

displayed on a monitor.

6. Прочитайте 2-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Дайте ответ в

письменной

форме.

What is input hardware? What are the examples of input hardware?

№3



s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:


Indefinite;




1. Jane uses the network only for sending and receiving e-mail messages.

2. The user pays his service provider a monthly or hourly fee.

3. Pascal's invention was the first mechanical computer.



1. In 1998 there were more than 30 million users of the WWW.

2. The most popular Internet service is e-mail.

3. It is better to check up the computer before work.



1. Both of devices were designed by our postgraduate students.

2. You can access this information through one interface or tool called a Web

browser.

3. Some American banks and companies conduct transactions over the Internet.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовремен-

ные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения

на русский язык.

Nobody knows exactly how many people use the Internet.

1. The operator pressed the keys and made the adding machine operate.

2. What memories will this new microcomputer use?



TYPES OF SOFTWARE

Software is the final computer system component. These computer programs

instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-

purpose machine which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers

can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software determines

the order in which these operations are performed. Programs usually fall in one of

two categories: system software and applications software.

System software controls standard internal computer activities. An operating

system, for example, is a collection of system programs that aid in the operation of

a computer regardless of the application software being used. When a computer is

first turned on, one of the systems programs is booted or loaded into the computers

memory. This software contains information about memory capacity, the model of

the processor, the disk drives to be used, and more. Once the system software is

loaded, the applications software can be brought in.

Applications software satisfies your specific need. The developers of application

software rely mostly on marketing research strategies trying to do their best to at-

tract more users (buyers) to their software. As the productivity of the hardware has

increased greatly in recent years, the programmers nowadays tend to include as

much as possible in one program to make software interface look more attractive to

the user. These class of programs is the most numerous and perspective from the

marketing point of view. Data communication within and between computers systems

is handled by system software. Communications software transfers data from one

computer system to another. These programs usually provide users with data

security

and error checking along with physically transferring data between the two

computer's memories. During the past five years the developing electronic network

communication has stimulated more and more companies to produce various

communication software, such as Web-Browsers for Internet.



форме.

In what two basic groups software (programs) could be divided?

№4





Indefinite;




1. All sorts of things are available on the WWW.

2. Sally's programs are very interesting.

3. This radio station broadcasts live on the WWW.



1. The most important problem is security.

2. More than 100 million computers connected with the global Internet in 2001.

3. It is easier to send important information over the network.



1. Much of Gate's success is based on his ability to translate technical visions

into market strategy.

2. Any two computers on the Internet can stay in touch with each other as long as

there is a single route between them.

3. It consists of some devices using different means.




4. Computer writes programs in an appropriate machine language.

5. I began to use the WWW in 2001.

6. Just a little bit of exploring the WWW will show you what a lot of fun and use it is.



WINDOWS 95

Windows 95 is a new operational system with an easy interface based on the

expanding windows principle which uses icons to graphically represent files and

their types. Windows 95 makes the way you and your computer interact easy. Most

everyday tasks are now easier to accomplish than ever before. For example, the

second mouse button has become a powerful weapon. The old Windows 3.0 Program

Manager and File Manager have been replaced. The desktop tools that replace them

are very like those found on a Macintosh. For example, there is a Recycle Bin that

makes it easier to recover accidentally deleted files.

Your computer probably will crash less running Windows 95 than it did with

Windows 3.1 and 3.0 or even DOS. Most memory related problems have been

removed. Built-in networking features make it easy to reliably share files with co-

workers across the room or across the world. And MS-DOS as we know it is so well

hidden that you'll rarely give it a thought. Yes, you can still run DOS programs and

older Windows applications but most users will probably want to spend most of

their time using Windows 95 applications instead.

Microsoft says that it is moving forward to the time when we'll all think more

about our data and less about the specific name-brand programs used to create

them. Window 95 plug-and-play capability makes it easy to upgrade your computer

hardware. And portable computer users will like what Microsoft has done to make

their lives calmer. A new Windows shortcuts capability makes it easy to reach

frequently used files and other necessities. A new Find feature helps you to locate

and examine the contents of files in a flash.

6. Прочитайте текст и вопрос к нему. Дайте ответ в письменной форме.

What new principles are used in Windows 95?

№5




а) показателем третьего лица единственного числа глагола в Present Simple.

б) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.


1. People communicate through e-mail, discussion groups, chat channels and

other means of informational exchange.

2. Computers are one of great importance in modern schools, hospitals, shops,

banks and offices.

3. There is a students' scientific and technical society at our Institute.



1. The results of your last experiment are more better.

2. This program is as complete as it must be.

3. A bit is the smallest part of information.



1. If something can be put into digital format and stored in a computer, then it is

available on the WWW.

2. There are many complex parts and units in every computer.

3. All this activity is possible because tens of thousands of networks connected

to the Internet and exchanged their information in the same basic ways.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовремен-

ные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения


Contact with the machine increases the children's interest in learning, makes

them more serious about studying new subject.

1. A lot of people made money from the Internet.

2. The commercial use of the network will drastically increase.



INTRODUCTION TO THE WWW AND THE INTERNET

Millions of people around the world use the Internet to search for and retrieve

information on all sorts of topics in a wide variety of areas including the arts, business,

government, humanities, news, politics and recreation. People communicate through

electronic mail (e-mail), discussion groups, chat channels and other means of in-

formational exchange. They share information and make commercial and business

transactions. All this activity is possible because tens of thousands of networks are

connected to the Internet and exchange information in the same basic ways.

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the Internet. But it's not a collection

of networks. Rather, it is information that is connected or linked together like a

web. You access this information through one interface or tool called a Web browser.

The number of resources and services that are part of the World Wide Web is growing

extremely fast. Each browser provides a graphical interface. You move from place

to place, from site to site on the Web by using a mouse to click on a portion of text,

icon or region of a map. These items are called hyperlinks or links. Each link you

select represents a document, an image, a video clip or an audio file somewhere on

the Internet. The user doesn't need to know where it is, the browser follows the link.

All sorts of things are available on the WWW. One can use Internet for recreational

purposes. Many TV and radio stations broadcast live on the WWW. Essentially, if

something can be put into digital format and stored in a computer, then it's available

on the WWW. You can even visit museums, gardens, cities throughout the world,

learn foreign languages and meet new friends. And, of course, you can play computer

games through WWW, competing with partners from other countries and continents.

6. Прочитайте текст и вопрос к нему. Дайте ответ в письменной форме.

What resources are available on the WWW?

№6

1. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них

глагол-сказуемое и определите видовременную форму и залог.

Переведите пред-

ложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на

перевод пассив ных конструкций.

а) 1. They had written the program for the computer by June.

2. When I came into the room my friend was calculating his program.

б) 1. This digits are easily multiplied.

2. I was asked many questions about my new program.

2. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle 1 и Participle II и уста

новите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно

определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите

предложения на русский язык.

The input unit consists of some devices using different means.

1. The operator pressing the keys makes the adding machine operate.

2. Having punched holes in a card the operator put it into the computer.


модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский

язык.

1. Ordinary computer can remember only the data stored in the hard disk.

2. Young people who finish the school must be trained to operate computers.

3. Babbage's machine could not operate since there were no reliable equipment.

4.Прочитайте и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переве-


PERSONAL COMPUTERS

Personal computers are also called microcomputers or home computer. The most

compact are called laptops. They are portable and work on built-in batteries.

Personal computers are designed for use at homes, schools, and offices. At home

they can be used for home management (balancing the family finances, for exam-

ple) and for playing computer games, watching films or listening to music.

Schoolchildren can use computers for doing their homework and many schools

now have computers for independent learning and computer-literacy studies. In the

office personal computers may be used for word processing, bookkeeping, storage

and handling of necessary information.

Because a CPU calculates, performs logical operations, contains operating

instructions, and manages data flows, a complete microcomputer as a separate system

was designed and developed in 1974. In 1981, IBM Company offered its own

microcomputer model, the IBM PC that became a necessary tool for almost every

business. The PC's use of a 16-bit microprocessor initiated the development of

faster and more powerful personal computers, and its use of an operating system

that was available to all other computer makers led to a standardization of the industry.

In the mid-1980s, a number of other developments were especially important for

the growth of personal computers. One of these was the introduction of a powerful

32-bit CPU capable of running advanced operating systems at high speeds.

Another innovation was the use of conventional operating systems, such as

UNIX,

OS/2 and Windows. The Apple Macintosh computers were the first to allow the

user to select icons - graphic symbols of computer functions - from a display screen

instead of typing commands. New voice-controlled systems are now available, and

users are able to use the words and syntax of spoken language to operate their

personal computers.

5. Прочитайте 1-й абзац текста и вопрос к нему. Дайте ответ в письменной

форме.

How can people use the personal computer?

№7


глагол-сказуемое и определите видовременную форму и залог. Переведите пре

ложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод пасси

ных конструкций.

а) 1. The word "program" has come into the use to refer to the sequence of

instructions which a computer carries out.

2. The development of computers as machines for handling information has

gone a long way.

б) 1. It is usually stored on a magnetic tape or a magnetic disk.

2. Much of Gate's success is based on his ability to translate technical vision

into market stragedy.

2. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и уста



предложения на русский язык.

1. When passed through the reading equipment the characters are read in a way

similar to a way used for a magnetic type.

2. When applying the mathematical methods to the solving of technical problems

engineers are most often are interested in obtaining a finite numerical results.

3. When pressing the keys the operator makes the adding machine operate.


модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на

русский

язык.

1. A module may be a complete program or it may be a relatively independent

part of a larger program.

2. Information has to be in the form of digits or characters for a digital computer

to perform reasonable operations.

3. It can handle execution of any operations and can provide standard processing

for all interrupts.



FAMOUS PEOPLE OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Babbage, Charles (1792-1871), British mathematician and inventor, who

designed and built mechanical computing machines on principles that anticipated the

modern electronic computer. Babbage was bom in Teignmouth, Devon, and

educated at the University of Cambridge. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society

in 1816 and was active in the founding of the Analytical, the Royal Astronomical,

and the Statistical Societies.

In the 1820s Babbage began developing his Difference Engine, a mechanical

device that could perform simple mathematical calculations. Although Babbage

started to build his machine, he was unable to complete it because of a lack of

funding. In the 1830s Babbage began developing his Analytical Engine, which was

designed to carry out more complicated calculations, but this device was never

built, too. Babbage's book, «Economy of Machines and Manufactures» (1832),

initiated the field of study known today as operational research.

William Henry Gates was born in Seattle, Washington, in 1955. He is an American

business executive, chairman and chief executive officer of the Microsoft

Corporation. Gates was the founder of Microsoft in 1975 together with Paul Alien,

his partner in computer language development. While attending Harvard in 1975,

Gates together with Alien developed a version of the BASIC computer programming

language for the first personal computer.

In the early 1980s, Gates led Microsoft's evolution from the developer of

computer

programming languages to a large computer software company. This transition began

with the introduction of MS-DOS, the operating system for the new IBM Personal

Computer in 1981. Gates also led Microsoft towards the introduction of application

software such as the Microsoft Word processor. Much of Gates' success is based on

his ability to translate technical visions into market strategy. Although Gates has

accumulated great wealth from his holdings of Microsoft stock, he has been known

as a tough competitor who seems to value winning in a competitive environment

over money. Gates still continues to work personally in product development at

Microsoft.



форме.

What was the aim of the Babbage's Analitical Engine?

№8


глагол-сказуемое и определите видовременную форму и залог. Переведите

предложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод

пассивных конструкций.

а) 1. Now scientists have designed machines that are capable of learning from

experience and remembering what they have learned2. In this chapter we shall

discuss the possible features that control panel might

have.

б) 1. Internet was designed to survive a nuclear war.

2. Nearly everything we do in the world is helped or even controlled by

computers.

2. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и уста-


определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого.


Performing addition the computer must have two numbers to be added.

1. The density of memorizing elements in MOS memory is very high.

2. Logical operations performed by a computer are comparing, selecting, sorting

and determining.



русский

язык.

1. Any two computers on the Internet will be able to stay in touch with each

other as long as there is a single route between them.

2. Commercial users can communicate over the Internet with the rest of the

world and can do it very cheaply.

3. Our lab assistant has to construct this electronic device.



THE INTERNET

The Internet, a global computer network which embraces millions of users all

over the world, began in the United States in 1969 as a military experiment. It was

designed to survive a nuclear war. Information sent over the Internet takes the shortest

path available from one computer to another. Because of this, any two computers on

the Internet will be able to stay in touch with each other as long as there is a single

route between them. The most popular Internet service is e-mail. Most of the people,

who have access to the Internet, use the network only for sending and receiving e-

mail messages. However, other popular services are available on the Internet: reading

USENET News, using the World-Wide Web, telnet, FTP, and Gopher.

In many developing countries the Internet may provide businessmen with a

reliable alternative to the expensive and unreliable telecommunications systems of

these countries. Commercial users can communicate over the Internet with the rest of

the world and can do it very cheaply. When they send e-mail messages, they only-

have to pay for phone calls to their local service providers, not for calls across their

countries or around the world. But who actually pays for sending e-mail messages

over the Internet long distances, around the world? The answer is very simple: an

user pays his/her service provider a monthly or hourly fee. Part of this fee goes

towards its costs to connect to a larger service provider. And part of the fee got by

the larger provider goes to cover its cost of running a worldwide network of wires

and wireless stations.

However, some problems remain. The most important is security. When you

send an e-mail message to somebody, this message can travel through many different

networks and computers. The data is constantly being directed towards its destination

by special computers called routers. Because of this, it is possible to get into any of

computers along the route, intercept and even change the data being sent over the

Internet. In spite of the fact that there; are many strong encoding programs available,

nearly all the information being sent over the Internet is transmitted without any

form of encoding, i.e. «in the clear». But when it becomes necessary to send important

information over the network, these encoding, programs may be useful. Some

American banks and companies even conduct transactions over the Internet.

However, there are still both commercial and technical problems which will take

time to be resolved.


форме.

What services are available on the Internet?

№9

1.Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них


ложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод

пассив ных конструкций.

а) 1. Не has given a short answer to my question.

2. The condition code indicates whether or not the channel has performed the

function specified by the instruction.

б) 1. The Internet technology was created by Vinton Cerf in early 1973 as a

part

of a project of the United States Department of Defence.

2. Computers are used more and more often in the world today.

2. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и уст



предложения на


1. The first automatic computers were not very reliable and scientists went on

improving them.

2. Showing the work of a new computer program the professor gave us all the

necessary explanations.

3. Yesterday 1 received a letter sent by my friend with the help of the Internet.



русский

язык.

1. Modern computers have much better memories and they can store much

information.

2. To record each bit of information a computer must have the special equipment.

3. In the office personal computers may be used for word processing,

bookkeeping, storage and handling of necessary information.



BILL GATES

Everyone has heard of Bill Gates, the icon of American business and the richest

man in the world. Microsoft, the business he started with a friend in 1975, has

become the world's largest computer software company. Although the company is

in big trouble today - the US government has broken it up - experts say it will

remain successful.

Bill Gates was born on the 28th of October, 1955, in Seattle, USA. Seattle was

once famous for producing Boeing aircraft, but is now better known as the home of

Microsoft. From his parents Bill got a good business sense and a quick mind. His

father is a lawyer and his late mother was a teacher and then a company director. At

school Bill soon showed that he was very intelligent. His favourite subjects were

Maths and Science. At 13 he got interested in computers. Bill Gates and his friend

Paul Alien were soon spending all their time writing programmes and learning about

computers instead of doing their homework. After finishing school in 1973, Bill

went to Harvard, America's most famous university. Most of the time he worked on

the computers in the university laboratory. The next year, he and Paul Alien wrote

an operating program for the Altair, one of the world's first microcomputers. Bill

knew, even then, that he would revolutionize the world of computing and he left

Harvard before finishing his studies. The two friends started Microsoft in 1975, and

very soon it became a business success.

In 1980, Gates bought a small company which produced an operating system

called DOS. He made some changes to it and renamed it MS-DOS. He sold the

rights to use this system to IBM. Since 1980 MS-DOS has been the standard operating

system for all PCs. Microsoft has also developed such well-known programs as

Windows, Excel and Internet Explorer.

Bill's dream is to computerize everything - TVs, telephones, lights, even the way

you cook dinner... One reason for his success is that Bill has always been very

ambitious and hard-working.

4.Прочитайте текст и вопрос к нему. Дайте ответ в письменной

форме.

What are the most famous Gates' programs?

№10



ложения на русский язык. В разделе б) обратите внимание на перевод

пассив ных конструкций.

а) 1. Computers have opened up a new era in manufacturing by means of

automation.

2. Our lecture left for London and we have never seen him since.

б) 1. Personal computers are also called microcomputers or home

computers.

2. Since the transistor was invented, no single electronics innovation has had

such an impact as microcomputer.

3. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и уста



предложения русский язык.

1. Programs written in an appropriate machine language can be directly accepted

and used by a computer.

2. You can chat with some people while at the same time discussing absolutely

different things and in different languages..

3. When passed through the reading equipment the characters are read in a way

similar to a way used for a magnetic type.

4.Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из

них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения


5. Computer is an electric device that can receive a program and then carry out

this program by calculating numerical information.

6. In future the machines will be able to solve many problems which today are in

the competence of man.

7. Cyberspace exists by it's own laws, you may ignore the user if you do not like

him or if he is too impudent.



COMPUTERS

The use of computers. Just as television has extended human sight across the

barriers of time and distance, so the computers extend the power of the human

mind across the existing barriers.

Computers in medicine. Computers are one of great importance in modern

hospital. The chief use of computers is the storing and sorting the medical knowledge

which has been equired in the last 50 years. No doctor can possible keep up with all

discoveries. The only solution of the problem is store medical knowledge in a

computer. Today there are medical computer centers were all existing knowledge of

symptoms of various diseases and of their treatment is stored. Doctors feed data on

symptoms in the computer and get the necessary information on correct diagnostics

and treatment.

Computers that can be learn. Ordinary computer can remember only the data

stored in the hard disk. Now scientists have designed machines, that are capable of

learning from experience and remembering what they have learned. Such a machine

is capable of recognizing objects without human help or control. Of course, they

made many mistakes. There is another similar machine which can look at letter

alphabet a simple words and they «say» thought a louder speaker what it has seen.

The machine has as certain learning power.

Computers at the school. Information science with the ideas and message of

processing and storing information is of great importance today. That's why computer

technology must be told in secondary school. The new subject «basic information

science», and «computing machine» was introduced for the signor forms at schools.

Contact with the machine increases the interest in learning, makes them more serious

about studying new subject. School computers are used not only for studying

information science, but also examinations purposes. Young people who finish the

school must be trained to operate computers.


форме.

How do we use computers in medicine?

Рекомендации по выполнению контрольной работы

Перевод - выражение средствами другого языка всего того, что уже

выражено или выражается средствами языка оригинала.

Овладеть же переводом можно только на базе чтения, письма,

аудирования и говорения.

Для письменного перевода с русского на английский надо уметь писать

по- английский.

Для письменного перевода текста с английского языка на русский надо

уметь читать по-английски.

Для устного перевода английской речи на русский надо уметь

аудировать, т.е. воспринимать английскую речь на слух.

Для устного перевода с русского на английский надо уметь говорить

по-английски.

Отсюда следует очень важный вывод: недостаточное владение любым

другим видом языковой деятельности неизбежно отразится на качестве

перевода. И. с другой стороны, в процессе овладения переводом и

тренировки в нем неизбежно улучшается качество владения всеми другими

видами языковой деятельности, т.е. качество владения иностранным языком.

Письменный технический перевод с иностранного языка на русский

или с русского на иностранный выполняется с использованием словарей,

общих и специальных, справочников и специальной литературы на русском и

иностранном языках, что значительно облегчает труд переводчика.

Если переводить английское предложение с его твердым порядком

слов без перегруппировки, го получается так называемый дословный

перевод. Дословный перевод может быть правильным, если все английские

слова а предложении имеют эквиваленты в русском языке и структура

предложения имеет полное соответствии в русском языке.

По дословный перевод возможен не всегда, и от дословного перевода, однако

следует отличать. Недопустимый в практике перевода буквальный перевод т

е простой механический перевод слов иностранного текста без учета их

грамматических и логических связей.

Технические термины

Термин - это слово или словосочетание, которое может иметь отличное

от обиходного значение в зависимости от области науки и техники, в которой

оно употребляется Термин может быть простым, состоящим из одного слова

switch- «выключатель» и сложным термином словосочетанием auromattc-

switch «автоматический выключатель». Например, слово face как

существительное имеет обиходное значение «лицо»; широкое техническое

значение его - «поверхность», в геометрии его значение - «грань»; в

строительном деле «фасад», «облицовка», в горном деле «забой», «лава». Но

как это естественно для английского языка то, же слою face может выступать

и как глагол; в этом случае основное значение его обиходное значение -

«стоять напротив чего-либо»; в металлообработке это термин, означающий

«шлифовать»; в строительном деле - «отделывать», «облицовывать»,

«покрывать».

Соблюдение следующих правил может быть при переводе терминов:

I. В специальном тексте каждое слово, даже очень хорошо знакомое,

может оказаться термином. Так. В морском деле man-of-war значит не

«солдат», а 11

«военный корабль»; в тексте по механике по play is admitted надо

переводить не «играть нельзя», а «люфт не допускается»; в тексте по

экономике выражение staple sorts, даже если речь идет о сырье о текстильной

промышленности, может значить не «штапельные сорта», а «основные

экспортные сорта»: shoe «колодка» в описаний тормозной системы, для

электропоезда - «лыжа токоприемника», для гусеницы - «звено»: dead - это

«обесточенный» в электромеханике, «глухой», т.е. «несквозной» в

машиностроении и строительстве; «использованный», когда речь идет о

растворах, газе и т.п. Переводя литературу, особенной о малознакомой

тематике, надо всегда помнить об этой многозначности. Отсюда следует

второе правило:

II. Пользуйтесь при переводе специальными техническими словарями.

Следует считать неразумной попытку переводить без словаря; это выглядело

бы также странно, как если бы мастер пытался научиться работать без

инструмента. Как бы ни была велика память переводчика, он может

натолкнуться на незнакомый или малознакомый термин или известный ему

термин в совершенно новом значении. При многозначности слова следует

брать то его значение, которое принадлежит соответствующей области

техники.

III. Может оказаться, что ни одно из значений слова, найденных вами в

словаре, не подходит. Это значит, что некоторые значения слова не

зафиксированы в словаре. В таком случае вывести из затруднения может

хорошее чувство языка, так называемая языковая догадка, но в первую

очередь - понимание того, о чем идет речь. Поэтому знакомство с

соответствующей отраслью техники, хотя бы по популярным пособиям, или

консультация специалиста, имеет огромное значение для правильного

перевода.

Транслитерация.

Метод транслитерации передача букв английского языка посредством

букв русского языка находит широкое распространение в физике, химии,

медицине, космонавтике: радар, голография, грейдер

Создание новых терминов путем конверсии.

а) примеры превращения существительных в глаголы: Существительное

Глагол Новое значение

Doctor - врач to doctor ремонтировать

Motor — двигатель to motor 1. механизировать

2. работать как двигатель

б) примеры превращения глаголов в существительные:

Глагол Существительное Новое значение

То spin off- раскрутить spinoff сопутствующий (побочный)

результат

То throw away-выбросить throwaway бесплатная рекламная брошюра

Создание новых терминов при помощи префиксов и суффиксов

а) префиксы

inter-: interaction взаимодействие

interface интерфейс, сопряжение

б) новые суффиксы -rv, -ship, -wise:

circuitry схемное решение, комплекс схем

workmanship мастерство, квалификация

percentagewise считая в процентах

Создание новых терминов при помощи словосложения

motel - мотель (автомашина+гостиница) = motor+holel

escalator - эскалатор (поднимающий элеватор) = escalating elevator

Словарь

As to the manner-что касаегся образа (способа)

Loads are applied to-нагрузки прилагаются к Static load -статическая нагрузка

Repeated loads -переменная (периодически повторяющаяся) нагрузка.

Energy Load-динамическая (ударная) нагрузка То remain eoustant-оставаться

постоянным A very large number of times-большое количество раз A

connecting rod-шатун

When the engine is running-когда двигатель работает

A relatively short period of time-относительно небольшой отрезок времени

To come in contact vvith-сопрпкасаться

For this reason-no этой причине

Is expressed in foot-pounds-выражается в фунтах

Uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed-равномерно распределённый

или неравномерно распределённый

In comparison with-по сравнению

Within а cylinder - внутри цилиндра

Inner dead-centre-нижняя мёртвая точка

The ""poppet type-тарельчатый тип

Outward stroke-ход всасывания, ход впуска

Shortly before-незадолго до того как

Outer dead-centre - мёртвая точка

Is compressed into the free -сжимается в свободном пространстве

On the other hand-с другой стороны

Is slowed down-замедляется

During each complete revolution of the crankshaft-во время каждого оборота

коленчатого вала

Lb. per. Sq. in.- фунт на квадратный дюйм

Charge of gas- порция газа

On the piston top- на головке поршня

Thus preventing undue loss through mixing with the exhaust gas- исключая таким

образом чрезмерные потери из-за смешивания с выхлопным газом

(обработанным)

Non-return valve-обратный клапан

To-and-fro motion-возвратно-поступательное движение

То function as to act as -функционировать, действовать в качестве

Pressure gauge- манометр

Remote transmission-дистанционная передача (действующая на расстоянии)

Manual or pedal effort-ручного или ножного усилия

Joined by means of-соединены посредством

The factors governing the selection- факторы, определяющие выборы

Because of-из-за

Whenever possible- где только возможно

The bursting pressure- разрывающее давление

Assuming that- принимая во внимание

Stationary and moving parts-неподвижные и подвижные

Are made up of-сделаны из

In installing flexible hose ca-re must be taken that the hose is free from twist- при

установке гибкого шланга следует принять меры против скручивания

шланга.

Are held together by parts- удерживаются детали

Parts working in tension-деталями, работающими на растяжение

Parts working in shear-деталями, работающим на сдвиг (срез)

Parts creating friction-деталями, создающими трение

Parts using both ..and-деталями, испытывающими как ..так и

Disconnectible fastenings- разъёмные соединения

Permanent joint-неподвижное соединение

In turn-в свою очередь

Are effected by - осуществляются

Dowel pins-установочный штифт

Are obtained by means of-осуществляются посредством

Press fits-прессовая посадка

Shrink fits-горячая посадка

With relation to аnother - относительно другой детали

Triangular-type single thread-треугольная однозаходная резьба

Right-hand thread-правая резьба

Left-hand thread-левая резьба

Are subjected to-подвергаются

Which are mostly in shear but sometimes in bending-которые чаше бывают

срезывающими, а иногда изгибающими

Either... or - или ... или

Is to (+inf.)- состоит в том, чтобы

In most cases- в большинстве случаев

Feather or spline key- направляющая или призматическая шпонка

In spite of-несмотря на

In use-применяемых

According to-согласно

Dovetailed key-шпонка в виде ласточкина хвоста

Chamfered round кеу- цилиндрическая шпонка или шпонка со скошенным

ребром

Disk-shaped key- дискообразная шпонка

Radial and tangential key-радиальная или тангенциальная шпонка

For light and for heavy duty- для малых и больших нагрузок

A press joint-прессовая посадка I I

Is obtained by forcing a shaft into bо1е- получается при впрессовывании вала в

отверстие

Which produces the grip that holds the hub and shaft together-который зажимает

и удерживает втулку и вал вместе.

A shrink joint-горячая посадка

The hub is heated to expand its bore and to slip it on the shaft- втулка

нагревается, чтобы расширить её внутренний диаметр и посадить её на ват

В\ means of-посредством

Tie rod-соединительная тяга

The conical shape of the shaft end and the shaft bоге- конической формы конца

вала и отверстия втулки

The pull of а nut-затяжка гайки

As in the case- как и в случае

On the other hand-c другой стороны

More than three times- бoлee, чем в три раза

Is due to-обусловлена

When they are subjected to-когда они подвергаются

Is heated to a red glow-нагревается до красна

Is held firmly against the plate- прижимается плотно к пластинке

Is formed into a second head-формируется во вторую головку

A set-обжимка

Which are driven cold- которые клепаются в холодном состоянии

So much that- до такой степени, что…

They should be used only when unavoidable- применяются только, когда это

неизбежно

At right angels to the shaft axis- под прямыми углами к оси вала

In the direction of the shaft axis-no направлению коси вала

A rocking motion-качающееся движение

Wrist - поршневой палец

Rotary motion-качающееся движение

In time-во время

Hard metal bearing-подшипник из твёрдого металла

Is lined with a metal-покрыт внутри металлом

Such as are taking place-или такими которые имеют место

Endurance limit-предел выносливости

Титульный лист домашней контрольной работы

ГБПОУ «Починковский сельскохозяйственный техникум»

Домашняя контрольная работа №______

по дисциплине:_____________________________

Вариант №

обучающегося заочного отделения

группы №, _____________ специальность, курс _________________

ФИО (в родительном падеже)

Дата поступления работы:____________________

Дата проверки работы:_______________________

Отметка о зачете:_____________________

Проверил преподаватель (название дисциплины) ___________

Подпись преподавателя:_______________

Дата _________________________

с. Починки ___ г.

Типовое задание для дифференцированного зачета

Первый курс

Задание 1. Вставьте глагол to be в Present Simple.

1. I __ a pupil. 2. My father __ not a teacher, he __ a scientist. 3. __ your aunt

a doctor? - Yes, she __ . 4. __ they at home? - - No, they __ not at borne, they __

at work. 5. My brother __ a worker. He __ at work. 6. __ you an engineer? - Yes, I

__. 7. __ your sister a typist? No, she __ not a typist, she __ a student. 8. __ your

brother at school? - Yes, he __ . 9. __ your sister at school? - No, she __ not at

school. 10. My sister __ at home. 11. __ this your watch? Yes, it __ . 12. She __ an

actress. 13. This __ my bag. 14. My uncle __ an office-worker. 15. He __ at work.

16. Helen __ a painter. She has some fine pictures. They __ on the walls. 16. She

has much paper. It __ on the shelf. The shelf __ brown. It __ on the wall. 17. Helen

has a brother. He __ a student. He has a family. His family __ not in St. Petersburg,

it __ in Moscow.

Задание 2. Вставьте глагол to be в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. My father __ a teacher. 2. He __ a pupil twenty years ago. 3 I.__ a doctor

when I grow up. 4. My sister __ not __ at home tomorrow. 5. She __ at school

tomorrow. 6. __ you __ at home tomorrow? 7. __ your father at work yesterday? 8.

My sister __ ill last week. 9. She __ not ill now. 10. Yesterday we __ at the theatre.

11. Where __ your mother now? — She __ in the kitchen. 12. Where __ you

yesterday? — I __ at the cinema. 13. When I come home tomorrow, all my family

__ at home. 14. __ your little sister in bed now? — Yes, she __ 15. __ you __ at

school tomorrow? — Yes I __ . 16. When my granny __ young, she __ an actress.

17. My friend K. __. in Moscow now. 18. He __ in St. Petersburg tomorrow. 19.

Where __ your books now? - They __ in my bag.

Задание 3. Разделите существительные на исчисляемые и

неисчисляемые и запишите в два столбика.

Book, cup, dust, flour, flower, happiness, knowledge, love, milk, meat,

mountain, music, oil, piano, rain, river, snow, song, table, wall, computer, water,

bread, pen, pan, apple, sand, juice, ball, cream, sofa, window, lamp, ice cream,

wish.

Задание 4. Заполните таблицу.

Positive Comparative Superlative

big

short

beautiful

large

expensive

long

bad

good

little

pretty

Задание 5. Прочитайте текст.

Read my lips!

Forget about fortune tellers and horoscopes. The shape of a person’s lips can

say a lot about them. The 5.000-year-old art of face reading is gaining popularity.

So, take a look at the shape of someone’s lips to find out about their personality….

People with full lips are usually responsible. You can always trust them to do

what you ask them to do. They are also decisive; they make decisions quickly. On

the other hand, they tend to be rather bossy. They like telling other people what to

do!

People who have thin upper lip and full lower lip are energetic. They work

very hard and like participating in a lot of activities. They are ambitious as well;

they want to be successful in life. However, these people tend to be self-centered.

They seem to only care about themselves and they sometimes forget about other

people’s feelings.

People with thin lips are determined; they know what they want and they do

all they can to get it. They are careful people who do their work with a lot of

attention and thought. However, they tend to be reserved; they don’t like showing

their feelings or expressing their opinions. They can also be mean; they don’t like

sharing things or spending money.

People who have lips with down-turning corners are very generous. They love

giving things to other people and helping them. They are also intelligent and

understand difficult subjects quickly and easily. On the other hand, they can be

sensitive at times; they get upset easily, so be careful of what you say to them.

Ответьте на вопросы к тексту письменно.

1. What is face reading?

2. Could you describe the character of people with full lips?

3. Could you describe the character of people with thin lips?

4. Could you describe the character of people with thin upper lip and full

lower lip?

5. Could you describe the character of people with down-turning corners

of lips?


Второй курс

Задание 1. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в Present Simple.

1. They always (have) breakfast at 7.

2. He (not/wear) glasses.

3. She usually (have) cereal for breakfast.

4. I (be) never late for work.

5. We (need) an answer from you before Wednesday.

6. She (not/eat) meat at all.

7. He never (reply) to my emails.

8. He (be) an accountant.

9. We (not/know) her.

10. My mum (like) making pasta.

Задание 2. Перепишите следующий текст в прошедшем времени,

подчеркните или выделите жирным шрифтом глаголы в Past Simple.

John wakes up when it is already quite light. He looks at his watch. It is a

quarter to seven. Quick! Boris jumps out of bed and runs to the bath-room. He has

just time to take a cold shower and I drink a glass of tea with bread and butter. He

is in a hurry to catch the eight o'clock train. At the railway station he meets three

other boys from his group. They all have small backpacks and fishing-rods. In less

than an hour they get off the train at a small station near a wood. They walk very

quickly and soon find themselves on the shore of a large lake. The boys spend the

whole day there fishing, boating and swimming. They return home late at night.

Задание 3. Прочитайте текст и подставьте пропущенные предложения.

1. Phones that ring in class are confiscated until the end of the week.

2. One boy says he has chips every day.

3. Are you really in our class?

4. It's a magical moment and the most effective class I have seen.

5. He's friendly with the pupils but not too friendly.

So school these days is easy?

Think again.

People and politicians complain that school is getting easier. Damian

Whitworth, a 35-year-old journalist, decided to see for himself. He spent a week as

a pupil at a British secondary school, Brentwood Country High School. It's a large

state school and has about 1,800 pupils, girls and boys, aged between 11 and 18.

French

My first lesson is French. I am in a class of 13 year olds. Outside the classroom

some girls start interrogating me. 1)__________ . “How old are you?”

“how old do you think I am?” I reply.

“Well... you're not 13!”

First we have a listening test which I find difficult. I get 14 out of 20. Not bad.

Maths

As we wait outside the maths classroom a teacher tell me to do up the top button of

my shirt. The maths teacher uses interactive whiteboard which has graphics and

video, but the pupils don't look very interested in the lesson. A mobile rings and

the owner hurries to switch it off. 2) __________.

Lunch

In the canteen we can choose between traditional and fast food. Burger and chips is

the most popular meal. 3) _____________

History

Mr Fishleigh is the history teacher. He doesn't have any problems controlling the

noise level (other teachers do). 4) ______________

He talks to them as if they were adults and gets attention in return.

Religious education

The teacher introduces us to meditation. We sit cross-legged on our desks and try

to fill our minds with blackness and think positively about people who thought

negatively about us. For 15 minutes the children sit, eyes closed, in total silence. 5)

______________ .

The bell goes. End of school for the day.

So...has school got easier?

It's difficult to say... All I can say is that being back to school for a week was very

tiring. Being a pupil today is very, very hard work.

Задание 4. Прочитайте предложения и поставьте T (True) после верных и

F (False) после неверных.

1. Many people don't believe that school is getting easier.

2. Outside the classroom some girls starts asking me questions.

3. A mobile rings and the owner answers the call immediately.

4. Traditional food is the most popular meal.

5. History teacher is very strict that's why he has no problems controlling noise

level.

6. Being a pupil today is fun.


Третий курс

Задание 1. Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующуюся форму глагола.

The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room. 2. Your luggage

will (bring, be brought) up in the lift. 3. You may (leave, be left) your hat and coat

in the cloak-room downstairs. 4. They can (leave, be left) the key with the clerk

downstairs. 5. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel. 6.

Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the Russian Museum. 7. At the station

they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau. 8. She will (meet, be

met) them in the hall upstairs.

Задание 2.Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice, обращая

внимание на место предлога.

Образец: We often speak about her. — She is often spoken about.

1. We thought about our friend all the time. 2. The doctor will operate on him

in a week. 3. The teacher sent for the pupil's parents. 4. They looked for the

newspaper everywhere. 5. The neighbour asked for the telegram. 6. Everybody

listened to the lecturer with great attention. 7. The senior students laughed at the

freshman. 8. The group spoke to the headmistress yesterday. 9. The young mothers

looked after their babies with great care. 10. Nobody lived in that old house. 11.

They sent for Jim and told him to prepare a report on that subject.

Задание 3.Напишите информацию о себе, пользуясь подсказками в

фигурах (10 предложений).

A thing

you have

which is

very

important

for you. A

magazine

/

newspape

r you read

regularly.

A friend

you know

very well.

Somethin

g you are

learning

(to do).

A sport

you play

regularly

(or kind

of

exercise

you do

regularly).

The place

where

you live.

Family

(parents,

brothers,

sisters,

grandpar

ents) Personal

informati

on

(name,

last

name,

date of

birth)

Задание 4. Сопоставьте прилагательные с их определениями.

1. friendly

2. generous

3. kind

4. happy

5. calm

6. serious

7. stubborn

8. polite

a. give a lot to people

b. make other people feel relax

c. like talking to other people

d. have good manners

e. not laugh very often

f. always think of other people

g. smile a lot

h. never change her/his mind


Четвертый курс

Задание 1. Напишите соответствующие существительные:

- женского рода

Образец: an actor – an actress

A lion, a tiger, an actor, a poet, a man, an uncle, a husband, a brother, a

grandfather, a son, a master, a baron, a host;

- мужского рода

Образец: a girl – a boy

A lady, a girl, a niece, Mrs. Smith, a widow, a stewardess, a French woman, a

cow, a queen, a princess, a duchess, a hen, a mother.

Задание 2 . Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное

число (не забудьте, что перед множественным числом неопределенный

артикль не употребляется).

A table, a sheep, a plate, a man, a fox, a room, a lady, a knife, a chair, a bus, a

Negro, a match, a way, a goose, a house, a family, a flag, a town, a woman, a wolf,

a country, a mouse, a lion, a park, a play, a deer.

Задание 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму

прилагательного.

1. What is (large): the United States or Canada? 2. What is the name of the

(big) port in the United States? 3. Moscow is the (large) city in Russia. 4. The

London underground is the (old) in the world. 5 St. Petersburg is one of the

(beautiful) cities in the world. 6. The rivers in America are much (big) than those

in England. 7. The island of Great Britain is (small) than Greenland. 8. What is the

name of the (high) mountain in Asia? 9. The English Channel is (wide) than the

straits of Gibraltar. 10. Russia is a very (large) country.

Задание 4.Прочитайте текст.

Families have a great-great future.

Twenty years ago, the typical extended family was 'wide'. It usually consisted

of two or three generations, with many children in each 'nuclear family'. People

had lots of aunts and uncles but often didn't know their grandparents. However,

according to a new study by the British research group Mintel, the family is

changing shape. Here are some of their predictions:

1. Most children will know their great-grandparents (and even great-great-

grandparents) because people are living longer.

2. Very few children will have brothers or sisters, and it will be common to be

an only child. As a result, future generations will not have many cousins

either.

3. Many people will grow up isolated from other children and young adults.

This will make them more selfish and introverted.

4. More couples will divorce and re-marry, some more than once. They may

have children with their new partners, so many children will have a

stepmother or stepfather and half-brothers or sisters.

5. There will be more single-parent families.

Задание 5. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. What is extended family?

2. Did people have lots of aunts and uncles 20 years ago? Did they know

them?

3. Will future generations have many cousins? Why?

4. Why will people be more selfish?

5. Will there be more single-parent families? Why do you think so?

Рекомендуемая литература:

1. Агабекян И.П. для средних специальных заведений, серия «Учебники и

учебные пособия»- Ростов на Дону: «Феникс», 2010.

2. Безкоровайная Г. Т., Койранская Е. А., Соколова Н. И., Лаврик Г. В. Planet

of English: учебник английского языка для учреждений СПО. — М., 2014.

3. Безкоровайная Г. Т., Койранская Е. А., Соколова Н. И., Лаврик Г. В. Planet

of English: электронный учебно-методический комплекс английского языка

для учреждений СПО. – М., 2015.

Интернет ресурсы:

www.enlish-to-go.com:http://translate.google.ru/: http://vvww.translate.ru/:

http://www.allene.ru/cl/engl/engl 13З стр.-обоазовательные ресурсы

Английский язык

Справочная литература:

1. Русско-английский словарь Автор: Коллектив авторов Издательство:

Астель Год: 384,2009

http ://ogoom.com/soft/l 05241 -tehnicheskiv-anglo-russkiv-russko-anglivskiv-

slovar.html

2. Oxford Essential Dictionary (Elementary' and Pre-Intermediate Alto A2) - OUP. p. 475, 2009

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