Montira Ruengaram

What is Word order?

WORD ORDER

All

Big

Two

First

Third

White

Word order คื�อ การวางลำ�าดั บก�อนหลำ งของคื�า เป็�นลำ กษณะ

เฉพาะหร�อเอกลำ กษณ�ของแต่�ลำะภาษา

PretestPretestAdjective order

Adverb order

Word order in Questions

Word order in Subordinates Clauses

InversionExercise

Answer.

Word orderPretest

1.our holiday / will / at / home / we / not / spend / next / year

We will not spend our holiday at home next year.

2.did / I / him / see / not / last night / at / the / disco

I did not see him at the disco last night.Answer.

3.information / is / stored / on / a / magnetic / disk

Answer.On a magnetic disc information is stored.

4.if / you / should / make / an / error / , / it / can / be / corrected / easily

5.he / had / if / been / careful / more / , / we / would / not / have / lost / all / that / data

6.we / in / the / that / my / house / father / had / built / lived

Answer.

Answer.

Answer.Should you make an error, it can be corrected easily.

Had he been more careful, we would not have lost all data.

We lived in the house that my father had built.

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Adjective Order

Example.

A tall Gothic building.

A beautiful renaissance church.

That is a very pretty young girl.

พอจะดู�ออกก�นไหมคะว่�า Adjective น��น ม�การเร�ยงลำ�าดู�บก�นย�งไงบ�าง?

He is a young tall Chinese man.

การเร�ยงลำ�าดู�บก�อนหลำ�งตามลำ�าดู�บขั้��นขั้อง Adjective ม�ดู�งน��

Pointing word ไดั แก�คื�า 3 ป็ระเภท คื�อ

       ก . Articles เช่�น a, an, the

       ข. Demonstrative Adjectives เช่�น this, that, these, those

       คื. Possessive Adjectives เช่�น my, your, her , his,………..

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 1

  Quantity ไดั แก�คื�า 3 ป็ระเภท คื�อ

          ก . Ordinal number เช่�น first, second, third,…

          ข . Cardinal number เช่�น two, three, four,…

          ง . Indefinite adjectives เช่�น some, many, few, a lot of………

1 2

3 4 5 6

7 8

9 10

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 2

 Size คื�อ คื�าท#$แสดังถึ'งขนาดั เช่�น big, large, small, tall…

 Quality คื�อ คื�าท#$ บอกคื(ณภาพของส)$งน *น เช่�น good, bad, beautiful,…

 Color คื�อ คื�าท#$บอกถึ'งส# เช่�น red, blue, white,…

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 3

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 4

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 5

 Nationality คื�อ คื�าท#$บอกส ญช่าต่) เช่�น Thai, Burmese,…

Material คื�อ คื�าท#$บอกถึ'งช่น)ดัของว ต่ถึ( เช่�น silk, leather, steal, …

 Noun คื�อ คื�านามท#$เรากลำ�าวถึ'ง เช่�น skirt, cat, purse,…

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 6

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 7

ลำ�าดั บท#$ 8

1. Have you seen ……… ?

   a. my three beautiful large Burmese brown cats.

   b. my three large beautiful brown Burmese cats.

   c. my three large brown beautiful Burmese cats.

   d. my large three beautiful brown Burmese cats.   

Exercise (Adjective order)

b.Answer.

2. She is wearing ……… .

         a. a short blue silk Thai skirt         b. a blue short silk Thai skirt         c. a short blue Thai silk skirt         d. a Thai blue short silk skirt

Answer. c.

   3. I happen to find ……….. .

         a. this small leather brown purse          b. this small brown leather purse

         c. this leather brown small purse

         d. this brown leather small purse

Answer. b.

Demonstrative

QuantityDistributivePossessive

Quantity Descriptive

Nationalist

NounOrdina

lCardina

l

Indefinite

adjectives

Size Quality Colour

All Each Every These Those My, his Her, your

First Second Third Fourth Fifth

One Two Three Four Five

some, many, few, a lot of…

Big Large Fat Thin Long Short

OldBeautiful Lovely Lazy Dirty Slow

White Red Blue Yellow Green

Thai Chinese American French

Brick Silk Gold Amusing

ทว่นคว่ามจ�าก�นอ�กท�ก�บตารางAdjective order

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Adverb Order

    - He sometimes comes to see me on Saturdays.

Example.

  - I never believe what they say.

- I will never again write on a typewriter.

-I already watched that movie.

- I will meet you outside your office tomorrow.

 >>Pre-verb Adverb คื�อ Adverb ท#$ต่ องวางไว หน ากร)ยาแท หร�อหลำ ง กร)ยาช่�วย เช่�น still , just , already , yet

-I will still love you forever.

-She sometimes plays golf on weekend.

-My mother works hard in the house all day.

-A concert will play at school on Sunday.

- She went to school at eight o'clock.

Sentence + Manner Place Time (M.P.T) (ป็ระโยคื) (อาการ) (สถึานท#$) (เวลำา)

He hurriedly walked into the house yesterday._______ __________ ________

1.Adverb of Manner บอกอาการเช่�น slowly, quickly,

loudly

2.Adverb of place (where?) บอกสถึานท#$ เช่�น at school, at home, in the hall

3.Adverb of time (when?) บอกเวลำา เช่�น today, yesterday, all the time

-Unfortunately , he was killed in the battle.

-Hurriedly and confidently, he walked into the house.

Adverb ท#$ขยายป็ระโยคืท *งป็ระโยคื วางไว หน าป็ระโยคื คื $นดั วย comma

    1. ถึ าเป็�น place หร�อ time เหม�อนก น ให เร#ยงจากจ(ดัท#$เลำ1กท#$ส(ดัไป็หาจ(ดัท#$ใหญ�กว�า

-He was born at 10 a.m. on June 14th in the year 1923.

Notice

-Wait for me on the steps outside the town hall.

Example.

    2. ถึ าเป็�น Verb of movement (กร)ยาแสดังการเคืลำ�$อนไหว ) คืวรจะน�า Adverb of place มาอย2�ใกลำ Verb มากท#$ส(ดั

- We ran to our house quickly in the evening.

Example.

Sentence + Manner Place Time (M.P.T) (ป็ระโยคื) (อาการ) (สถึานท#$) (เวลำา)

-They walk to school early every day.

They live in a village in Chiang Mai.

We spent our holidays in a cottage in the mountain.

The children went for a swim

in the lake near the village.

Please meet me at seven o’clock

on Monday next.

He was born in September 1995.

วางหน�วยท#$เลำ1กกว�าไว ก�อนหน�วยท#$ใหญ�กว�า เช่�น ว นก�อนเดั�อน เดั�อนก�อนป็3 หร�อสถึานท#$ก�อนเม�อง

Place a smaller unit before a larger unit such as day before month , month before year , or place before city.

Note 1ถึ าต่ องการเน นส�วนท#$ใหญ�กว�า อาจวางส�วนท#$ใหญ�กว�าไว ก�อน แลำ วใช่ comma คื $นส�วนท#$เลำ1กกว�าไว เช่�น -They arrived yesterday, at seven o’clock.-We spent our holidays in the mountain, in a cottage.

Note 2

คื�าป็ระเภท morning , afternoon เม�$อใช่ รวมก บว น ถึ�อว�าเป็�นส�วนเดั#ยวก นจ'งไม�ใช่ comma คื $น เช่�น Sunday morning, Saturday afternoon , tomorrow evening.

Note 3คื�าบอกจ�านวนคืร *ง วางไว ระหว�างคื�าบอกสถึานท#$ก บคื�าบอกเวลำา เช่�น-I have been to Paris three times this year.-He often walks around the park twice before breakfast.

-Adverbs of frequency are put directly before the main verb.

-If 'be' is the main verb and there is no auxiliary verb, adverbs of frequency are put behind 'be'.

-Is there an auxiliary verb, however, adverbs of frequency are put before 'be'.

Adverbs of Frequency(e.g.: always, never, seldom, usually)

I have never been abroad.

We are usually here in summer.

SubjectAuxiliary /

beAdverb Main verb

Object, place or

time

I   oftengo

swimmingin the

evenings.

He doesn't always play tennis.

We are usually   here in summer.

I have never been abroad

(e.g.: recently, now, then, yesterday)

Adverbs of time are usually put at the end of the sentence.

Subject Verb(s)Indirect object

Direct object

Time

I will tell you the story tomorrow

Position of Time Expressions

If you don't want to put emphasis on the time, you can also put the adverb of time at

the beginning of the sentence.

Time Subject Verb(s)Indirect object

Direct object

Tomorrow I will tell you the story.

*** Note that some time expressions are adverbs of frequency (always, never, usually.).

These are usually put before the main verb (except for 'be' as a main verb).

She doesn’t always play tennis.

I often go swimming in the evening.

SubjectAuxiliary/

beAdverb Main verb

Object, place or

time

I   oftengo

swimmingin the

evening.

He doesn't always play tennis.

We are usually   here in summer.

I have never been abroad.

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• In questions, the word order subject-verbs-object is the same as in affirmative sentences.

• The only thing that’s different is that you usually have to put the auxiliary verb (or the main verb “be”) before the subject.

• Interrogatives are put at the beginni of the sentences:

Word Order in Questions

When were you here?

Did you have a party in your flat yesterday?

Interrogative

Auxiliary verb

Subject

Other verb(

s)

Indirect

object

Direct object

Place

Time

What would youlike to

tellMe?      

  Did you have   a party

in your flat

yesterday?

When were you       here?

Interrogative

verb(s) Object

Who asked you?

-You don’t use an auxiliary verb if you ask for the subject.

-In this case the interrogative simply takes the place of the subject.

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Inversion

In English the usual word order is

Subject (S) + verb (V) + object (O)

In some situations the order is changed, and the verb is placed before the subject.

1. In a question the subject follows the aux-word or verb.

You are using a computer. (S) (V) (O)

Usual word order

:Are you using a computer? (S) (O)

Inversion

2. When there is a prepositional phrase indicatingPlace at the beginning of a sentence, inversion occurs.

Usual word order :

Inside the system unit are the workings of the computer.

The workings of the computer are inside the system unit.

Inversion :

_____

_____

If I had used a computer it would have been finished now.

Usual word order :

Inversion :

Had I used a computer, It would have been finished now.

3.When the conditional “ If ” has been omitted, inverted word order is correct.

__

I will never again write on a typewriter.

Never again will I write on a typewriter.

Usual word order :

Inversion :

4.When a statement begins with a negative word or phrase , inversion occurs.

When the words below begin a sentence or an independent clause , there is a change in word order.never only

nor only after

neither only once

hardly ever only by

no sooner than only in this way

not often only only then

not only…as well rarely

not only…but also scarcely

not until seldom

nowhere under no circumstances

on no account soMenu

Word Order in Subordinate Clauses

I will tell you the story at school tomorrow because I don’t have time now.

-In subordinate clauses, the word order is the same as in simple affirmative sentences.

(Conjunctions are often used between two clauses):

Conjunction subject verb(s)indirect object

direct object

place time

  I will tell youthe story

at school

tomorrow ...

because Idon't have

  time   now.

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Exercise

Subordinate ClausesComplete the sentences with the words in brackets. Place time expressions at

the end of the sentences.

Ans. She is in great form because she goes to the gym every week.

1.She is in great form because (every week / goes / she / to the gym)

2.They don't know where (have left / the key / they) .

3.I'd like to know why (her / holiday / does / not / spend / she / in / France) .

Ans. They don't know where they have left the key.

Ans. I'd like to know why she does not spend her holiday in France.

4.He was reading the paper while (was / she / in / garden / working / the )

Ans. He was reading the paper while she was working in the garden.

5.We are glad that (at home / did / umbrella / leave / we / our /not )

Ans. We are glad that we did not leave our umbrella at home.

1.democratically / next week / matter / the / we / at / the / will / decide / meeting

Ans. We will decide the matter democratically at the meeting next week.

 2.Catalan/ of / years / in / couple / a /to /speak/ fluently / she / able / be / will

Ans. She will be able to speak Catalan fluently in a couple of years.

Arrange the words to make the complete sentences.

Ans. I'm looking forward to driving around Cornwall in an old Mini with my partner this summer.

3.am / forward /to /driving / I / Cornwall / in / an /old / around / Mini / with / my / partner / this / with / summer / looking .

Ans. I want to buy that fish with red spots for my daughter.

4. for / my / red / spots / with / daughter / buy / I / want / to / that / fish

Ans. The Queen stood silently with her crown on her head.

5.Queen / silently / her / crown / on / head / the / stood / with / her

Ans. There were twelve of us at the party last Saturday.

6. were / us / twelve / Saturday / of / at / the / there / last / party.

Ans. He quietly read an anthology of the greatest poetry ever written in Catalan.

7.in / quietly / an / poetry / anthology / of / greatest / anthology / ever / read / written / He / the / Catalan

Have a nice day!