INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM

ON TEACHING AND IMPLEMENTING

SUSTAINABILITY

“可持续性工程教育教学与实践”

国际研讨会

June 28-30, 2016

Universirty of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB)

“摘自 Ashby《材料与环境——节能优选法》一书”

内容

前言和会议组委会成员……………………………………………1

会议议程表………………………………………………………2-3

报告摘要……………………………………………………… 4-14

参会人员名单…………………………………………………15-22

CES 培训细节…………………………………………………23-24

校区地图及用餐地点………………………………………………25

Contents

Introduction and Symposium Committee Members………1

Meeting schedule…………………………..…………….…2-3

Abstracts…………………………………………..….……4-14

List of participants………………………………….….15-22

CES Training Course information………………..……23-24

Campus map and Arrangements for meals………...……25

“可持续性工程教育教学与实践” 国际研讨会

人类社会正在面临着各种各样的危机，而涉及环境与自然资源保护的危

机是关系到人类以及地球上其他生物是否能够可持续生存的大问题。作为教

育工作者、科学人员和工程师，我们也必须“从我做起”，利用工程教育这

一平台，宣传可持续性发展的重要性，为之提供定量的评估和预测方法以及

如何设计新型环保材料和产品，以便有效地管理地球资源、控制产品生产过

程中的耗能和排污。

今借著名工程教育大师、英国剑桥大学 Ashby 教授的新作《材料与环

境》中文版发行之际，北京科技大学将在三位院士（Ashby, Embury，卢

柯）的大力支持和积极参与下，于 2016 年 6 月 28 日举办名为“可持续性工

程教育教学与实践”的国际研讨会。本次研讨会的目的一方面是倾听来自英

国剑桥、加拿大马克马斯特以及国内大学和研究院关于可持续发展研究和教

学的经验介绍，另一方面是借机启发与会者，并推进国内各级工程教育和工

程研发过程中对可持续发展定量分析和预测方法的学习和提高。本次研讨会

之后的两天（2016 年 6 月 29-30 日）还将由剑桥教育软件公司 Granta

Design 专门为配合会议而举办软件使用工作坊。欢迎来自中国以及世界各

地大学和研究单位的教育工作者以及工业领域的决策者和工程师们前来交流

学习。

组委会成员 英国剑桥大学 M. Ashby教授

加拿大马克马斯特大学 D. Embury教授

中国科学院金属研究所卢柯院士

北京科技大学高等工程师学院院长刘立教授

法国兰斯大学张葵教授

英国剑桥Granta软件公司教育部 M. Fry主任

总秘书：北京科技大学高等工程师学院外事负责李欣欣

International Symposium on Teaching and Implementing

Sustainability

The world is facing a variety of crises related both to the environment and the

preservation of natural resources. The complex problems of climate change and

the preservation of resources for future generations demand that, as a global

community, we develop a much more rigorous approach to Sustainability. A

crucial aspect is to educate our teachers, students, industrial leaders and fellow

citizens about Sustainability and its role in managing the intelligent use of the

Earth’s resources and development and control of our manufacturing processes.

As Scientists and Engineers, we must approach Sustainability in a quantitative

manner so that we have a basis for evaluating and comparing solutions for the

selection of materials and processes. Thus we are most fortunate to have Professor

M. Ashby visiting Beijing in June 2016. His seminal textbooks on Selection of

Materials Selection; Mechanical Design; Materials: Engineering, Science,

Processing and Design; Materials and the Environment as well as the CES

EduPack software have been revolutionary in changing the education of materials

scientists and engineers. Based on his visit, a one-day Symposium on Teaching

and Implementing Sustainability is organised by USTB with objective of having a

number of presentations on current approaches to Sustainability. These

presentations will encompass the Teaching of Sustainability in the Engineering

curriculum and how Sustainability must influence future Industrial practice. The

presentations will be followed by an open discussion aimed not only to compare

and develop teaching methods but to develop a basic study group to further

Education on Sustainability at all levels. The Symposium welcomes academics

from universities, researchers from laboratories and engineers from industry in

China and elsewhere.

Committee members

Prof. M. ASHBY, University of Cambridge, UK

Prof. D. EMBURY, McMaster University, Canada

Dr. LU Ke, member of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Metal

Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Prof. LIU Li, University of Science &Technology Beijing, China

Prof. ZHANG Kui, University of Reims, France

Mr. Marc FRY, Granta Design, Cambridge, UK

Mrs. LI Xinxin, head of International cooperation, School of Advanced

Engineering, USTB

1

A Structured Approach to Assessing Proposed

Sustainable Developments

Michael F. ASHBY

Engineering Department, Cambridge and

Granta Design, Cambridge, UK

A “sustainable development” is one that contributes in an equitable way to

human welfare and does so in a way that minimizes the drain on natural

resources. Many academic, civil, commercial and legislative projects

claim to do this, and many of them are materials-related – promoting

biopolymers, carbon taxes, design for recycling are examples. We refer to

them as “articulations” of sustainable development. But how are they to

be assessed? There is no simple, “right” answer to questions of

sustainable development – instead, there is a thoughtful, well-researched

response that recognizes the concerns of stakeholders, the conflicting

priorities and the economic, legal and social constraints of a technology as

well as its environmental legacy.

Introducing this complexity into teaching is challenging. This talk will

describe a framework for exploring sustainability from a Materials

perspective. The aim is not to define a single metric or index of

sustainability; rather it is to improve the quality of discussion and debate

on projects that claim to be sustainable developments. This suggests a

methodology for the sustainability-analysis of products or projects. It is

supported by a new CES Edu “Sustainability” database that provides some

of the necessary inputs.

试用系统方法来评估可持续发展的进程

ASHBY(阿诗笔)

英国剑桥大学工程系暨剑桥 Granta Design 教育软件公司

“可持续发展”的理念有利于人类福利的公平分配，并可以最大限

度地降低人类发展对不可再生自然资源之猎取。鉴于其重要性，几乎

所有领域都声称他们在做环保项目，这些领域包括科研教育、基础设

施、产品销售、乃至立法条文，其中不少是与材料相关的——研发

“生物高分子”材料，设立碳排税以及考虑到“废品回收再利用”因

素的新产品设计等，都是很好的例子。“材料环保”被称之为可持续

发展的“关节（articulations）”。那么，如何评估某种材料是否为环

保材料？如何做到可持续发展？对于这些问题，简单和“正确”的唯

一答案是不存在的，但并不妨碍人们在经过深思熟虑和精心研究后对

其做出积极回应。良好的回应方式和相应措施的建立应综合考虑利益

相关者的注重点，新材料的高性能与高耗能之间的可能冲突，对新技

术的市场、立法和社会性制约，以及它们对环境所造成的负面影响。

如何将以上这些可持续发展研究中的复杂因素引入到工程教学中，是

一个挑战性的话题。本报告将从材料工程应用的角度来探讨可持续发

展的框架。我们的目的并不是仅仅要为环保材料定义其评估新单位或

评估之单一指标，而是为了整体提高可持续发展项目中的含金量，通

过辩论和分析去伪存真。为此，我们需要创建一种对“环保”产品和

项目进行定量分析而评估的方法（methodology）。本报告中所介绍

的一种系统方法论是由剑桥教育软件公司 Granta 所创建的“可持续

发展数据库” (CES EduPack 软件) 作支撑的。

4

Important topics for sustainable education and

teaching

- Energy conservation, Environment protection and

Resources recycling

CANG Daqiang*，ZHANG Lingling，LI Yu，

LIU Xiaoming

School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering，

University of Sciences & Technology Beijing

Based on the situation of fossil fuels and mineral resources consumption

are in the peak period in the world and China, In addition the

manufacturing industry is developing rapidly in more and more countries.

The pollutant emission and ecological environment face much higher

pressure. The energy，environment and resources issues have become the

factors restricting development for many countries. The multi-dimensional

aspects of education and training as well as the relevant technology,

process and methodology are gaining more attention in more and more

countries.

As an example for how to develop the new process, technology,

equipment, methodology and strategy, the steel industry will be considered

in terms of the energy conservation, emission reduction and resources

recycling. In addition aspects of education for the steel industry will

be introduced. The presentation will consider ways to innovate the new

technologies and the processes for the steel industry, e.g. the technologies

of “before process”, “in process”, “after process” technology and process.

Also the talk will emphasize activities in energy conservation, emission

reduction and resources recycling to improve the capacity of engineering

students.

可持续性工程教育与教学的重要内容

—节能、环保和资源利用

苍大强*，张玲玲，李宇，刘晓明

北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院

根据世界和中国处在矿物能源、资源消耗高峰期和制造业越来越被重

视的现实，同时由于制造业大力发展造成的污染物排放和生态环境恶

化的压力，节能、环保和资源利用的问题已经成为许多国家发展的制

约因素，节能、环保和资源利用的技术开发和教育内容越来越受到世

界和中国政府的重视。

本报告以中国能源、环保和资源利用现状和以钢铁工业为例，说明可

持续工程教育与教学、培养各类节能、环保和资源利用人才的长期性

和迫切性，同时强调对培养对象创新意识和创新方法传授的重要性；

强调根据本国国情，不断开发适合本国不同发展阶段的工艺、技术、

装备、方法和对策；强调节能、环保和资源利用的新方法教育：不能

总是依靠创痛的“末端治理”的方法，强调“源头治理”和“过程治

理”的新方法等。

过程教育和教学的重要环节是实践，本报告适度介绍了节能、环保和

资源利用领域教育教学的实践作法。

* Speaker 发言人

5

Research on Iron & Steel Manufacturing Process of

Low-carbon Based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Method

FU Jianxun

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University

The wide spread application of fossil fuels has been a major cause of

global warming and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions has been

the primary subject of global environmental protection. The Iron and steel

industry makes intensive use of both resource and energy and the energy

consumption accounts for about 15% of the total energy consumption,

while the CO2 emissions accounted for more than 9.2% of the total

emissions in the country. Promoting low-carbon production processes is

imperative for the iron and steel industry. In this study, Shougang Jingtang

Iron and Steel Company was the object of study. Based on the life cycle

assessment calculation method ， energy consumption and carbon

emissions in the steel production process were analyzed and greenhouse

gas emissions were calculated by establishing the system boundaries and

collecting the carbon emissions inventory in steel production process.

Also, recommendations were provided for CO2 emissions reduction.

Research showed that total amount of CO2 emissions was 9,545,900 tons

and CO2 emissions for per ton of steel was 2,165 ton, and the carbon

emissions of sintering, pelletizing, iron-making, steel-making, sleeve kiln,

hot-rolling and cooling were calculated separately and are reported in the

presentation .

基于生命周期方法的低碳钢生产铁流程研究

付建勋

上海大学 材料科学与工程学院

化石燃料的大量应用是导致全球变暖的元凶，温室气体减排成为全球

环境保护的首要议题。钢铁产业作为资源、能源的密集型产业，能源

消耗占全国总能耗的 15% 左右，CO2 排放量占比占全国排放总量的

9.2%，钢铁行业推广低碳生产流程势在必行。本研究以首钢京唐钢铁

公司将作为研究对象，采用基于生命周期的计算方法，对其钢铁生产

流程的能耗及碳排放情况进行分析，通过确立系统边界、收集钢铁生

产生命周期碳排放清单，进而计算京唐钢铁公司温室气体排放情况，

并针对 CO2减排问题提供建议。研究表明，京唐 2015 年上半年 CO2排

放总量为 954.59 万吨，吨钢 CO2排放量为 2.165t，其中：焦化、烧

结、球团、炼铁、炼钢、套筒窑、热轧、冷着工序的 CO2 排放量分别

为 169.95，229.43，19.37，1294.45，37.60，46.06，205.31，

125.66 kg/t 钢。

6

Sustainability – looking Backward and Moving

Forward

J. David EMBURY

Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering

McMaster University, Canada

An important aspect of Sustainability is our ecological responsibility, and

in the broadest senses our relation with Nature. This relationship has a

long history. It is reflected in the seminal works of von Humboldt and

Darwin. Subsequently the works of these scientists influenced writers such

as John Muir and Rachel Carson who sounded the first warnings of the

dangers of human impact on the earth. As the human population has

increased, the perception of our relationship with the earth as a system has

changed profoundly.

In this presentation I want to first give a historical perspective of how our

Ecological viewpoint has developed and relate the current critical situation

in regard to Climate change and the need for Sustainability. I then want to

examine some future options in terms of what is needed to sustain our

societal infrastructure in terms of housing, energy, transportation, in the

context of the use of Materials. This will include some analysis of

recycling and the possibility of alternative production methods and supply

chains for some major materials.

可持续发展--历史、现状与未来

EMBURY（安博瑞）

加拿大马克马斯特大学材料系

可持续发展的重要一面是人类保护生态环境的责任心——从更广泛的

意义上来说，是人类如何与大自然保持正确的关系。研究这一命题有

着悠久的历史，它具体体现在洪堡和达尔文的开创性著作中以及随后

的“环保”作家（如约翰.缪尔和雷切尔·卡森）的作品里——这些

先辈为我们吹响了人类频繁活动危害大自然的早期警号。随着世界人

口的陡然上升，人类对其与地球（作为一“系统”）的关系之看法被

深刻地改变了。

在这份报告中，我将先从历史的角度展示人类过去和现在的生态观，

并结合当今全球气候变暖的严峻局势来说明可持续发展的必要性和紧

迫性。最后，我将以能源、交通和住房方面的基础设施兴建为例，探

讨材料使用领域里的一些未来选择，它们包括大宗材料生产方式的更

新换代、市场供应链的运作以及废料重新利用的可能性。

7

Environmental Education and Sustainable Development

– Approached From Thermal Melton/Geopolymer Technology

to the Ultimate Waste Disposal and Reutilization

Ta-Wui CHENG Institute of Mineral Resources Engineering

National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan

Sustainable development begins with environmental education. Education

is a fundamental right and is a catalyst for development. Any new idea,

which is generated by the concept to the final policies implementation are

available through education to take root. Waste treatment is also the same.

Incineration has become an important treating method for combustible

solid wastes, due to the increasing difficulty to get suitable sites for

traditional landfill. However, incineration also has its problems. The

incinerator ashes contain large amounts of hazardous substances.

Therefore, an advanced technology is required to treat the hazardous ash.

The vitrification technique for the treatment of incinerator ash has been

given wide attention, because it can achieve large waste volume reductions,

destroy organic compounds more effectively and forms a hard, glass-like,

leach-resistant monolithic mass after cooling. A disadvantage of

vitrification is that this energy-intensive process involves relatively high

costs. Therefore, how to reuse the molten materials is the key to success.

Production of glass-ceramics or geopolymer as construction materials

could be a good way to solve this problem.

Glass ceramics possess remarkable physical/mechanical properties and

chemical resistance. Incinerator ash is a good candidate as a raw material

for CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 system glass–ceramic production. With control of

the initial composition and application of suitable heat treatments, various

crystalline phases with desirable properties could be obtained. On the other

hand, geopolymers, similar to natural zeolite, are three-dimensionally

networked alumino-silicate materials. geopolymers also have attractive

properties, such as: non-combustible, early strength, heat/fire/acid resistant,

easy to make, formed at room temperatures, and very low CO2 emission,

and have been gradually attracting world attention as potentially

revolutionary green materials. In this presentation, high temperature

melton technology & geopolymer technology will be introduced for final

waste disposal and reutilization. Both technologies have great potential for

engineering applications.

環境教育與永續發展

—由高溫熔融與無機聚合技術

到垃圾的終極處理及再利用

鄭大偉

國立臺北科技大學 資源工程研究所

永續發展起始於教育。教育為人民的基本權利，也是發展的催化劑。

任何一個新的理念，其由概念產生到最終政策執行落實，都需經由教

育來扎根。廢棄物的處理也是相同的。由於傳統的垃圾掩埋場地逐漸

尋找困難，焚化法已經成為處理固體廢棄物的重要方法。但是焚化法

也有它的問題，其所產生的焚化灰渣含有大量的重金屬及有害物質，

因此需要先進的技術來處理這些有害的灰渣。利用玻璃化的技術來處

理焚化灰渣已經逐漸受到世人重視，因為玻璃化的熔融技術可以使焚

化灰渣減容、減積、更有效率的分解有機物，最後冷卻後形成堅硬玻

璃質的塊狀物質，並將重金屬安全固結在玻璃的網狀結構中。玻璃化

技術的缺點為耗能及成本較高，因此如何再生利用其所產生的熔渣即

為成功的關鍵。將熔渣製成玻璃陶瓷及無機聚合材料可能為解決此問

題的較佳方法。

玻璃陶瓷具有顯著的物理及機械性質，同時具有良好的化學抗蝕性。

焚化灰渣可作為CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 玻璃陶瓷的原料。利用控制起始原

料的化學成分及適當的熱處理程序，即可獲得所需特性的玻璃質結晶

相。另一方面，無機聚合材料也具有優良的性質。其與天然的沸石類

似，有三維矽鋁質結構，具有不燃、早強、耐火絕熱、抗酸鹼、製造

容易、室溫製成、低二氧化碳排放等特性，已成為新一代革命性的綠

色材料。在本次的簡介中，將介紹如何利用高溫熔融處理技術與無機

聚合技術來終極處理垃圾及固體廢棄物。此等技術對於工程的應用非

常有潛力。

8

Integration of Structural Nanomaterials for Enhancing

the Sustainability

through Advanced Design and Processing

LU Jian

Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong

Kong

We summarize our recent works on the advanced metallic nanomaterials

with exceptional properties using multiscale metallurgical structure-driven

design combined with advanced simulation. The effect of nanostructured

materials on the mechanical behavior and on the failure mechanism of

metallic materials shows the possibility to develop a new family of

materials using property gradient and strain non-localization concept. The

computational models and experimental results successfully provide

valuable information about the nanomaterials properties as a function

nanostructure configuration (nanograins, nanotwins, nanocrystal-glasses).

The structural nanomaterials produced using physical processing and

combined heat treatment has been studied at nanoscale and atomic scale.

The material studied using nanomechanics based experimental

investigations (nanoindentation and nano-pillar tests) can reveal the effects

of the atomic structure and nanostructure gradient on the mechanical

behaviors. The applications in energy, transportation, biomedical,

jewellery and consumable electronics will be presented. The integration of

nanomaterials using advanced design tools with associated processing

development will be introduced. We will also show the real examples of

green processing, light weight structures including lattice structures for

energy saving, improvement of energy efficiency for the production and

storage of energy.

基于先进设计及工艺的环保结构纳米材料集成

吕坚

香港城市大学先进结构材料研究中心

本报告将综合介绍我们基于多尺度金属组织结构设计与模拟在先进纳

米金属材料的特殊性能工作的新进展。纳米组织结构对力学性能和破

坏机制的作用证明可以基于性能梯度和应变非局域化理念发展新的一

族纳米材料。计算模型和实验结果可以提供关于纳米材料性能和纳米

组织构成（纳米晶，纳米孪晶，纳米晶-玻璃）之间关系有用的信

息。基于纳米压痕法，纳米微墩法的纳米力学实验揭示了物理法及热

处理制备的结构纳米材料的原子结构及组织梯度对力学性能的影响。

还将介绍基于先进设计工具及相关工艺的纳米材料集成。我们还将介

绍绿色工艺，含衍架结构的节能轻量结构, 能源生产和储存能源效率

提高的案例。

9

Development of the Concept of Sustainability for

Gifted Students using an International Cooperative

Tutor System

HAN Yulai*, LI Wenlou, GUAN Jianguo, LIU Hanxing,

ZHANG Qingjie

School of Materials Science & Engineering,

Wuhan University of Technology

The idea of sustainable development is a new concept which is of vital

importance in an age when human society is facing problems of resource

depletion, ecological crisis and environmental pollution. How to

strengthen the teaching of sustainable development in higher education is

an important issue. Materials industries are an essential aspect of the

national economy. Strengthening the concept of sustainable development

is an important task for talent cultivation in materials science and

engineering. Transformation and upgrading of traditional materials

industry, new material preparation technology and the demand for low

carbon development call for further implementation of the sustainable

development concept. The International School of Materials Science and

Engineering (ISMSE), Wuhan University of Technology emphasizes

“international collaboration, industrial collaboration and scientific

collaboration” in the training of talented engineers. ISMSE established the

international cooperative tutor team, consisting of leading scientists from

world-famous universities, outstanding engineers from building materials

and new materials industry and leading researchers from China. It aims to

cultivating students' concept of sustainable development, teamwork and

leadership, guiding them to pay attention to practical problems related to

sustainable development, such as materials, energy, resources and

environment.

基于团队导师制培养拔尖创新人才的可持续发展理念

刘韩星* 韩雨来 李文路 官建国 麦立强 张清杰

武汉理工大学 材料科学与工程国际化示范学院

可持续发展理念是人类社会在面临资源枯竭、生态危机、环境污染的

严峻情况下提出的一种新的发展观。如何在高等教育中加强可持续发

展理念培养是重要的课题。材料工业是支撑国民经济的重要基础性产

业，建立可持续发展理念是材料科学与工程人才培养的重要任务。传

统材料产业的转型升级、新材料制备技术对传统材料产业的改造与低

碳发展的需求对培养学生可持续发展理念提出了更高的要求。武汉理

工大学材料科学与工程国际化示范学院在拔尖创新人才培养过程中，

强调人才培养的“国际协同、行业协同、科教协同”，确立了人才培

养的国际导师团队制。来自国际一流高校的海外著名学者、建材和新

材料产业的杰出工程师、国内的领军教授一起共同组建导师团队，培

养学生的可持续发展理念、团队精神及领导力，引导学生关注材料、

能源、资源、环境等与可持续发展休戚相关的现实问题。

* Speaker 发言人

10

Education and the development of High quality

students specialized in Materials Engineering

CAI Yan*，YU Chun，WANG Min

School of materials Science 1 Engineering,

Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Training in both Engineering practice and innovation ability are basic

qualities needed both for scientific research and technical personnel in the

field of material engineering. These qualities should be developed from the

initial stage of undergraduate studies. Some engineering related courses,

including “Introduction to Engineering”, are offered from the first year. A

group of engineering courses, aiming at “the Excellent Engineer Program”,

are given in the fourth year. Through this mode, the specialized

knowledge, as well as engineering skills on engineering consciousness and

cooperation, is developed during the whole undergraduate program.

Classroom lectures and case study constitute 50% course hours,

respectively. The former is combined with specific engineering case

studies and relevant engineering knowledge to develop analytical abilities

in the students. The use of case studies cultivates in the students’

comprehensive capabilities of defining, evaluating and solving real world

engineering problems. . In recent years, this kind of project teaching has

achieved good effects and student feedback. Students work involves many

aspects, including construction materials selection and environment-

friendly product. It has effectively stimulated the interest of

undergraduates in material engineering, and helped the students to form

the professional engineering quality.

面向材料专业的工程学教育和工程素质培养

蔡艳*，余春，王敏

上海交通大学 材料科学与工程学院

工程实践和创新能力是材料工程领域科研技术人员必须具备的基本素

质，应当从本科教育初期就开始加强培养和锻炼。上海交通大学材料

学院从本科一年级起就开设了工程学相关课程，如“工程学导论”课

程，并且在大四时专门设立了“卓越工程师”教学模块。不仅为学生

提供工程问题及解决方案的基础知识，而且注重培养学生提出和解决

工程问题的素质，在团队合作中提升学生用英语进行技术交流的能

力。课堂讲学和课程项目各占 50%课时，前者结合具体工程案例进行

相关工程学知识的讲解，培养学生工程思考能力；后者通过项目建

议、申请、组建项目团队、项目实施与报告，培育学生发现工程问

题、评估工程问题、合作解决工程问题及相互交流工程问题的能力。

近年来,这类工程教学内容取得了良好的教学效果和学生反馈，学生

作品涉及工程材料选用、产品环境友好等方面，有效地激发了本科生

对材料工程专业的兴趣，帮助学生初步形成了本专业的工程素质。

* Speaker 发言人

11

Implementing the Concept of Sustainability in

Teaching and Research

LIANG Xin

School of Materials Science and Engineering,

Changzhou University

The energy resources crisis and the negative impact of conventional

energy methods on the environment demand the implementation of

sustainability in education, research and industry. In this talk, I will briefly

introduce the necessity of energy and environmental sustainability in a

global picture, and present a few examples that people have been carrying

out in teaching and research. The implementing of sustainability may

require collaborative and multi-disciplinary efforts to put it into practical

effect, especially in teaching.

教学与科研中贯彻可持续性的观念

梁鑫

常州大学 材料科学与工程学院

能源危机以及传统能源技术带来的恶性环境效应急迫地需要在教学、

科研及工业生产中考虑并贯彻可持续性的概念。本报告将立足于全球

能源与环境的角度简要阐述实施可持续性的必要性，同时介绍一些在

教学和科研中实施可持续性概念的案例。有效地实践可持续性工程教

学可能需要高校多学科教师以联合教学的方式进行。

12

Engineering Materials Selection

– An open course based on “CES EduPack”

LV Qinggong*, XU Wenjing, MU Renling

School of Advanced Engineering,

University of Science & Technology Beijing

“Engineering Materials Selection” is one of the open courses offered by

our school of Advanced Engineering. The course is committed to teaching

students how to choose suitable materials and processes according to the

product design requirements, how to calculate preliminarily the product

cost and how to analyze ecologically based on the product life cycle.

Through this course, students should get comprehensive trainings in ideas,

methods and skills of engineering materials selection, as well as enhance

the awareness of energy saving and environment protection.

“CES EduPack” software (Granta, Cambridge, UK) is developed

according to Professor Ashby’s work “Materials: Engineering, Science,

Processing and Design”, which provides all kinds of data covering more

than 3900 materials and 200 processings. It offers strategies for

engineering materials and processing selection based on Design-Led route.

It supplies ecological analysis models related to the product life cycle.

The total hours of the course is 16 hours, including 8 hours of lecture and 8

hours project which are assigned for group discussions, choosing topics

and submitting reports. Our one-year teaching experience indicates that

“Engineering Materials Selection” based on the CES EduPack software is

successful. However, the English version of the software is too difficult for

Chinese students to well understand the technical vocabulary of this very

original and educative tool. They have spent much time to consult

language translators and/or ask teacher’s assistance.

工程材料优选方法—基于 CES EduPack 教育软件的公

共选修课

吕庆功*，许文婧，牟仁玲

北京科技大学 高等工程师学院

“工程材料优选方法”是高等工程师学院开设的公共选修课程，目的

是传授学生如何根据产品设计要求选择出适合的材料和工艺类型，初

步核算生产成本，并基于产品生命周期进行生态分析。通过本课程的

学习，学生将在工程材料选择的思路、方法和技能方面得到综合训

练，同时增强节能和环保意识。

CES EduPack 教学软件是剑桥 Granta 公司依据 Ashby 教授的著作

《Materials: Engineering, Science, Processing and Design》而

开发的，它提供了 3900 多种材料和 200 多种工艺的属性数据，支持

基于 Design-Led 思路的工程材料和工艺选择策略，同时提供了基于

产品生命周期的生态分析模块，可有效支撑“工程材料优选方法”课

程。

“工程材料优选方法”课程学时为 16 学时，其中讲授 8 学时，其他

时间由学生自行分组、选题并编写产品选材报告。教学实践证明，基

于 CES EduPack 开设工程材料优选方法课程是成功的，学生的学习体

会和选材报告可以证明。教学中发现的主要问题是软件不是中文版，

学生对专业英语词汇的理解比较困难，需要借助翻译软件和教师的指

导进行课程学习。

* Speaker 发言人

13

Material criticality, circularity, risk and resilience

Marc FRY

Granta Design, Cambridge, UK

Today’s advanced products need elements from most of the periodic table.

Superalloys, aluminum alloys and steels are now much more complex and

it is especially true of electronic products. There are many prerequisites for

Sustainable Design including the ability to ensure the materials supply

chain is secure.

It is easy for students to get the wrong idea and think that materials are

available in any quantity and at constant price. It is very important for

students to understand this is not true. Material supply chains are complex

and can be influenced by many constraints. This talk will discuss some of

these constraints and possible ways of protecting against their influence.

材料的临界值、循环性、风险和应变能力

FRY（福来）

英国剑桥 Granta 教育软件公司

当今先进的产品需要用到周期表中的大多数元素。超合金，铝合金和

钢现在要复杂得多，在电子产品的情况下尤其如此。可持续设计有许

多先决条件,包括确保材料供应链的能力。

学生比较容易错误地认为材料是隨時可以取得的，不论何等数量和价

格。非常重要的一点是让学生明白这种想法是错误的。材料的供应链

是复杂的，可以受许多限制的影响。这个报告中将讨论其中的一些限

制和防止其影响的可能途径。

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CES 短期培训日程表

CES Training Course

时间：2016 6.29-6.30 地点：综合楼丁教室

Date：June 29 -30, 2016 Venue： Room Ding

时间

Time

日程

Schedule

9:00 现场注册

Registration

9:30 举办单位致欢迎词

Introduction

9:35

培训简介、教学资源网站分享以及日程介绍 （福来）

Introductions, Teaching Resources Website and Agenda Review

(Marc Fry)

9:45 CES EduPack 的材料、数据及图表 （阿诗笔）

Materials, Data and Charts for CES EduPack (Mike Ashby)

10:45 练习 Hands-on Exercise

11:10

操作特性：组成部分、微观结构以及体系结构 （福来）

Manipulating Properties: Composition, Microstructure, Architecture

(Marc Fry)

11:45 练习 Hands-on Exercise

12:00

高级数据库：标准，生物工程，聚合物，航空航天 （福来）

Advanced Databases: Standard, Bioengineering, Polymer, Aerospace

(Marc Fry)

12:30 午餐 Lunch

13:30 材料优选 （马丁）

Materials Selection (Nicolas Martin)

14:30 练习

Hands-on Exercise

15:00 茶歇

Coffee & Refreshments

15:30

生态选择以及生态审计工具—培养学生寿命周期思维 （阿诗笔）

Eco-selection and Eco Audit Tool: Introducing students to life-cycle

thinking (Mike Ashby)

16:15 练习

Hands-on Exercise

16:45 会议总结及自由讨论 （阿诗笔）

Wrap up and Discussion (Mike Ashby)

17:30 课程培训结束

End

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授课老师 Training Course Teachers

Professor Mike Ashby 阿诗笔教授

Mike Ashby, Emeritus Professor in the

Department of Engineering at the University of

Cambridge, is a world-renowned authority on

engineering materials being the author/co-

author of classical textbooks and of over 200

papers on topics including the mechanisms of

plasticity and fracture, powder compaction,

mechanisms of wear, methodologies for

materials selection, and the modeling of material

shaping processes. He is recipient of numerous

awards and honours including Fellow of the

Royal Society and Overseas Member of the

American Academy of Engineering.

阿诗笔博士是剑桥大学工程系教授，在全球材

料工程领域享有盛誉。出版经典教材多部，发

表文章 200 余篇。其科学研究方向包括塑性与

断裂机理、粉末冶金、磨损机理、材料优选以

及材料成型过程的建模。

Mr. Marc Fry 福来先生

Marc Fry is Director of the Education Division of

Granta Design. He holds a Mechanical /

Aerospace Engineering Degree from the

University of Cambridge and an EMBA from the

Judge Business School at Cambridge with a

specialization in university spin-off companies.

福来现任 Granta Design 教育部主任。拥有

剑桥大学机械和航空工程学士学位以及剑桥

大学商学院 EMBA。

Dr. Nicolas Martin 马丁博士

Dr. Nicolas Martin holds a PhD in materials

science as well as a master’s degree in Physics

and Chemistry from the University of Bordeaux,

France. Nicolas has worked for the alternative

energies and atomic energy commission (CEA)

and the Safran group before joining Granta.

With industrial sponsorship his doctorate

involved composite material improvements for

aeronautic applications.

马丁博士是 Granta 项目开发负责人之一。他拥有法国波尔多大学物

理化学硕士和材料学博士学位。在进入 Granta 教育软件公司之前，

马丁博士就职于法国原子能和替代能源专署(CEA)。

22

北京科技大学 www.ustb.edu.cn

University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)

+86-10-62315522 (会议中心前台 Reception of Convention Centre)

北科大会议中心是本次国际研讨会的会场及住宿、用餐地点。

USTB Convention Centre is the venue for the main Symposium

and for accommodation booked via USTB.

停车及路径 Directions & Parking

驾车赴会者请从北四环辅路（路北）进入北京科技大学会议中心。

会议期间院内停车免费。

If driving, access to the car park is off 4th North Ring Road. Parking

in the yard of USTB Convention Centre is free of charge.

用餐 Meals

国际研讨会及 CES 培训期间午餐及晚餐免费（6 月 27 日晚餐至 6

月 30 日晚餐）。用餐地点均在会议中心酒楼 2 层大厅，报到处

发放会议资料及用餐券。会议中心住宿费含双早。

All the meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) during the symposium and

the CES training course，for all participants for free, will be taken at

the 2nd floor of the USTB Convention Center. Meal coupons will be

handed out upon checking in. A double-breakfast/room/night is

included in the hotel payment.

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