1. ( ) () 2. ( ,2554) 3. ?http://www.google.co.th/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-b3sUUVD2tGY%2FU5dIDt5wB6I%2FAAAAAAAAFrs%2Fr4Atya0HFSM%2Fs1600%2Fqua.png&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fcuppacoffeewithme.blogspot.com%2F2014%2F06%2Fquantitative-vs-qualitative.html&h=693&w=1346&tbnid=kdyYSSw1e1Nf8M%3A&zoom=1&docid=w2jjWZSg3AhpmM&ei=f9X5U_afFtijugTmhIGABw&tbm=isch&client=firefox-a&ved=0CB4QMygCMAI&iact=rc&uact=3&dur=910&page=1&start=0&ndsp=15 4. 5. AIMs/Goals/Objectiveshttp://www.google.co.th/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundas.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fqual_quant.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundas.com%2Fblog-post%2Fanalyze-that-a-look-at-your-data%2F&h=278&w=490&tbnid=hmIhD7ei7Jr9VM%3A&zoom=1&docid=0cPqq8O_iL9xaM&ei=f9X5U_afFtijugTmhIGABw&tbm=isch&client=firefox-a&ved=0CC8QMygTMBM&iact=rc&uact=3&dur=1733&page=2&start=15&ndsp=21 6. / & 7. (Define research problem) (Formulate hypothesis) (Make operational definition) (Design research instrument) (Gather data) (Analyze data) (Draw conclusion) (Report the results) 8. 9. (Research Problem) 10. 1. 2. 3. 4. / 5. / / /( , 2556; Polit & Beck, 2004) 11. Level of Research EvidenceSTRONGEST1. Systematic Review of experimental studies (welldesigned RCTs)2. Meta-analyses of experimental (RCT) and quasi-experimentalstudies3. Integrative Review of experimental (RCT) andquasi-experimental studies4. Single Experimental study (RCT)WEAKEST 12. Level of Research EvidenceSTRONGEST5. Single Quasi-experimental study6. Meta-analysis of correlational studies7. Integrative Review of Correlational anddescriptive studies8. Qualitative Research Metasynthesis andMetasummaries9. Single correlation studyWEAKEST 13. Level of Research Evidence10. Single Qualitative or descriptive study11. Opinions of respected authorities based uponclinical evidence, reports of expert committees(Burns & Grove, 2009, p 29)STRONGESTWEAKEST 14. 1. 2. 3. 4. 15. 5. 6. 7. (Pagorism)8. 16. / / / / (narrowingthe topic) (evaluating research problems) ( ) 17. / 18. 1. 2. 3. (What, Who, How, Objective, )4. 5. ( , 2556) 19. What is the meaning of ... ? Why do/ When do/ How do ... ? What influences ... ? What is the relationship between ... ? What factors contribute to ... ? How effective is ... ?(Polit & Beck, 2004, pp 69) 20. 21. 22. 1 3 ( , , , , 2013) 23. (Key Variables) (Interrelationship) (Population of interest) ( , , , 2013) 24. 25. Inductive Hypotheses Observe Deductive Hypotheses Apply the theories Simple Hypotheses Relationship between one independent variable and onedependent variable Complex or multivariate hypotheses Predict relationship between 2 or more independentvariables and/or 2 or more dependent variables(Polit & Beck,2004) 26. Directional hypotheses Nondirectional hypotheses (Polit & Beck,2004) 27. Statistical hypothesesNull hypothesis() H0Alternative hypotheses() HA H1 28. 1. ( , 2553)2. ( , 2555) 29. (Research Questions) ( ,2550, 149-150) ( , 2013) 30. 31. - - 32. - - 33. (Variables) (Independent variable) (Dependent variable) (Extraneousvariable) 34. X Y X Y Y1X Y2Yn 35. X1X2 YXn X1 Y1X2 Y2Xn Yn 36. (concept) (, 2555) (theory) / ( ,2555) 37. (theory) (concept)Pain theoryStress theorySelf-care theoryAnxeityHealth statusSelf-care demandSelf-care deficitNursing system 38. Selecting and defining concepts Developing statements relating the concepts Expressing the statements in hierarchical fashion Developing conceptual map(Burns & Grove, 2005) 39. https://www.google.co.th/search?q=conceptual+framework&client=firefox-a&hs=M0l&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&channel=sb&tbm=isch&imgil=imvLFrWOR_CyAM%253A%253B7uBakb_DvdG3YM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fsydney.edu.au%25252Fnursing%25252Flearning_teaching%25252Fconceptual_framework.shtml&source=iu&usg=__WjJrPSJhn1mk0kkTmBI59FGfUcw%3D&sa=X&ei=FqL6U9znEcyWuATGsoHABw&ved=0CCMQ9QEwAA&biw=1366&bih=631#channel=sb&q=conceptual+framework+of+crisis+theory&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&tbm=isch&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=mkoDtOnRU48ioM%253A%3BIrDK_Qon8jwRVM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.scielo.org.za%252Fimg%252Frevistas%252Fsajip%252Fv36n1%252Fa01fig02m.gif%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.scielo.org.za%252Fscielo.php%253Fpid%253DS2071-07632010000100001%2526script%253Dsci_arttext%3B771%3B462 40. (Butsripoom, 2009) 41. ( ,2553) 42. (Theoretical Definition) (Operational Definition) 43. (adverse drug reaction:ADR) (WHO, 2002)TheoreticalDefinition 44. Functional ability is defined as the ability or potential ofindividuals in performing basic activities daily living. Inthis study, functional ability is measured by ModifiedBarthel Activity of Daily Index (MBAI) (Jitapunkul,Kamolratanakul, Chandraprasert, & Bunnag, 1994).Total scores range from 0 - 18 points. The higher scoresindicate the better functional ability.OperationalDefinition 45. ... 46. (Gapof knowledge) 47. / 48. 49.