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[2012]

AMANDEEP KAUR

SAHIL SHARMA

13.2.2012

Assignment no.1


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PART AQ1:-Identify the website which offers Consumer to consumer E-commerce and also

explain the process adopted by that particular site?-

Ans:-Delivering the "best brand experience" and engaging customers, building

relationships and encouraging return visits are the hallmarks of outstanding websites,according to an evaluation by Accenture's Marketing Sciences group that published its

first-ever list of the top business-to-consumer websites. Of more than 260 B2C sites

that the team of 30 researchers evaluated, Adidas.com, Ford.com, Google.com,

Microsoft.com and Nike.com were standouts.

According to the results, these sites were "successful at engaging consumers using avariety of techniques, such as providing detailed, high-quality information in interestingformats; building relationships through interactive exchanges; and encouraging returnvisits by current and potential customers through the use of promotions, premiumservices, clubs and other online innovations. Customer to Customer (C2C) markets areinnovative ways to allow customers to interact with each other. While traditional

markets require business to customer relationships, in which a customer goes to thebusiness in order to purchase a product or service. In customer to customer markets thebusiness facilitates an environment where customers can sell these goods and or servicesto each other. Other types of markets include business to business (B2B) andbusiness to customer (B2C).

Q2:-Why Traditional Commerce is better than E-commerce, justify the

statement?

Ans:-Electronic commerce is also famous as Ecommerce. To entitle the 21st century

as an E-commerce planet, which is not wrong because, in this century the majority

of the businesses are turned as online businesses? Ecommerce is the process of thebuying and selling of products or services over the Internet. Conversion of inquiries,

orders, invoices, transfer of funds, etc. happens promptly over the internet. Online

ecommerce business gains their popularity more and more. In this century, Internet

business is going up rapidly. Want to make your product popular over the Internet;

Ecommerce is the perfect way to present it to your prospective consumers. If you

are still using a traditional form of business, then the time now to shift your business

to be online for getting large numbers of buyers of your products or services over the

Internet. This will increase your business growth and its popularity. Whether you are

in Business-to-Business (B2B) or in Business to Consumer (B2C), ecommerce is the

best ways to handle both types of business forms. There is no way to build an

Ecommerce Website, if you are planning to turn your current traditional business

into online. So, if you want to turn your dream of developing an Ecommerce website

into reality, there are two ways, use the website development platforms or

framework such as ASP.net, PHP, Java, etc., or you may use open source ecommerce

development resources like Yahoo Stores, Magneto Ecommerce, osCommerce, eBay

Stores, Amazon Stores, etc. PHP is also an open source platform, which is free to

use. Out of all the platforms and open source environment, PHP is the most


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effective, low cost and efficient tool for small as well as large businesses.

Ecommerce Solutions includes various types of ecommerce features like Shopping

Cart Solutions, Payment Gateways Integration, and Integration of Credit Card

process to customize ecommerce web applications. To cope with your ecommerce

business requirements, there are various advantages of running an ecommercewebsites as follow,

The advertising and marketing cost of website or product promotion is very low

Help to manage product and its price easily

It helps to manage small as well as large business

Take few minute to maintain report of each item

Helps to save time for both business owner and customers

You can update your customers with latest product or services using mailing

facility.

Q3:- Differentiate between SCM and VSAT?

Ans:- Like the ERP wave a few years ago, the current drive towards e-commerce and

the Internet is also making companies look at their way of doing business. One of the

areas affected by this is supply chain management (SCM). Several new business

models have emerged in the e-commerce space as a result of the "new economy"

technologies. Several of these models and technologies have challenged the existing

SCM and other business processes, while others have validated or strengthened

them. As a business leader as well as a business process analyst, these business

models and technologies pose a problem that has no easy answer: "Which of these

business models and related technologies married with a specific SCM strategy will

be optimal for my business or process?" In this paper, we look at this question more

closely in order to develop a methodology to answer it. Several established and/or

emerging models such in the business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer

(B2C) categories are analyzed closely for their applicability to an industry sector or

company. In other independent dimensions, we also look at the SCM issues faced by

the industry today as well as how the operating environment affects such decisions.

Based on the space defined by these dimensions we chart out the SCM processes

affected - or in some cases defined - and describe a methodology to tackle theproblem. We also touch upon a few new economy technologies that make new e-

commerce models possible. Lastly we look at how the ERP systems can be affected

by a combined e-commerce and SCM strategy in order to avoid conflicts in

corresponding business processes.


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VSAT:- Short for verysmall aperture terminal, an earthbound station used in

satellite communications of data, voice and video signals, excluding broadcast

television. A VSAT consists of two parts, a transceiver that is placed outdoors in

direct line of sight to the satellite and a device that is placed indoors to inter-

face the transceiver with the end user's communications device, such as a PC.

The transceiver receives or sends a signal to a satellite transponder in the sky.The satellite sends and receives signals from a ground station computer that acts

as a hub for the system. Each end user is interconnected with the hub station via

the satellite, forming a star topology. The hub controls the entire operation of

the network. For one end user to communicate with another, each transmission

has to first go to the hub station that then retransmits it via the satellite to the

other end user's VSAT. VSAT can handle up to 56 Kbps.

Q4:-Identify the security risk does Ecommerce involves?

Ans:- E-Business systems naturally have greater security risks than traditional businesssystems, therefore it is important for e-business systems to be fully protected againstthese risks. A far greater number of people have access to e-businesses through the in-ternet than would have access to a traditional business. Customers, suppliers, employ-ees, and numerous other people use any particular e-business system daily and expect

their confidential information to stay secure. Hackers are one of the great threats to thesecurity of e-businesses. Some common security concerns for e-Businesses include keep-ing business and customer information private and confidential, authenticity of data,and data integrity. Some of the methods of protecting e-business security and keepinginformation secure include physical security measures as well as data storage, datatransmission, anti-virus software, firewalls, and encryption to list a few.

Key Security Concerns within E-Business

Privacy and confidentiality

Confidentiality is the extent to which businesses makes personal information available

to other businesses and individuals. With any business, confidential information must re-main secure and only be accessible to the intended recipient. However, this becomeseven more difficult when dealing with e-businesses specifically. To keep such informa-tion secure means protecting any electronic records and files from unauthorized access,as well as ensuring safe transmission and data storage of such information. Tools such asencryption and firewalls manage this specific concern within e-business.
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/transceiver.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/E/end_user.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/PC.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/topology.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/transceiver.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/E/end_user.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/PC.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/topology.html


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Authenticity

E-business transactions pose greater challenges for establishing authenticity due to theease with which electronic information may be altered and copied. Both parties in an e-business transaction want to have the assurance that the other party is who they claimto be, especially when a customer places an order and then submits a payment electron-

ically. One common way to ensure this is to limit access to a network or trusted partiesby using a virtual private network (VPN) technology. The establishment of authenticity iseven greater when a combination of techniques are used, and such techniques involvechecking something you know (i.e. password or PIN), something you have (i.e. cred-it card), or something you are (i.e. digital signatures or voice recognition methods).Many times in e-business, however, something you are is pretty strongly verified bychecking the purchasers something you have (i.e. credit card) and something youknow (i.e. card number).

Data integrity

Data integrity answers the question Can the information be changed or corrupted inany way? This leads to the assurance that the message received is identical to the mes-sage sent. A business needs to be confident that data is not changed in transit, whetherdeliberately or by accident. To help with data integrity, firewalls protect stored dataagainst unauthorized access; while simply backing up data allows recovery should thedata or equipment be damaged.

Non-repudiation

This concern deals with the existence of proof in a transaction. A business must have as-surance that the receiving party or purchaser cannot deny that a transaction has oc-curred, and this means having sufficient evidence to prove the transaction. One way to

address non-repudiation is using digital signatures. A digital signature not only ensuresthat a message or document has been electronically signed by the person, but since adigital signature can only be created by one person, it also ensures that this person can-not later deny that they provided their signature.[

Access control

When certain electronic resources and information is limited to only a few authorizedindividuals, a business and its customers must have the assurance that no one else canaccess the systems or information. Fortunately, there are a variety of techniques to ad-dress this concern including firewalls, access privileges, user identification and authenti-cation techniques (such as passwords and digital certificates), Virtual Private Networks

(VPN), and much more.

Availability

This concern is specifically pertinent to a business customers as certain informationmust be available when customers need it. Messages must be delivered in a reliable andtimely fashion, and information must be stored and retrieved as required. Because avail-ability of service is important for all e-business websites, steps must be taken to prevent


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disruption of service by events such as power outages and damage to physical infrastruc-ture. Examples to address this include data backup, fire-suppression systems, Uninter-rupted Power Supply (UPS) systems, virus protection, as well as making sure that thereis sufficient capacity to handle the demands posed by heavy network traffic

PART-BQ5:-If you would like to switch from Profit sector to nonprofit sector what steps are

required to b taken elaborate?.

Ans:- First. Lets start with you. You need to change your attitude. If you are trulydriven to make a reality of this vision then start thinking in a positive, can-do man-ner. You cant act and feel any other way. Oh, there will be times you will be tested,mentally, spiritually, and physically, but your attitude is foremost in this quest.

Second, you need to begin organizing your thoughts onto paper. Yes, a business plan is

the first tangible step. And do treat this venture as if it were a for-profit venture in thesense that you must generate income to pay the bills and deliver the services. If youdont know how to develop a business plan and you dont have money, then locate thenearest Small Business Development Center or SCORE chapter. Attend some low-costand no-cost workshops that will give you the tools to begin organizing this vision. Seeksome confidential, free, one-on-one counseling. A very good site on the Internet to finda business plan outline is at the Small Business Administration.

While you are online go to bplans.com for a sample nonprofit business plan. These aretwo excellent sources. The SBDC and SCORE can answer questions about content youmay not understand. I suspect the financial projections will be the biggest challenge.They are for most people new to the process.

Third, you need to begin identifying those in the community who support your visionand are willing to put in time and their meager resources to help you. In many cases,you can expect that many of those who help will want a piece of the action in thesense they may want to be on your board of directors or possibly seek employment inthe agency when the funds are sufficient for the payroll. However, do not compromiseon the need to hire those who are qualified to perform the work. Showing favoritismsimply because the person helped you is an immediate injustice to the cause of the vi-sion you have.

Fourth, you will need to begin contacting and establishing relationships with politiciansand appointed officials in your local government. Accessing government grants and otherforms of public funding will absolutely require a good relationship with these people andthese government agencies. When networking with them you need to pick up on theiragendas.

Please understand, elected politicians will not align themselves with anything that doesnot make them look good to the constituents (voters) or the media, and that does notfulfill their agendas. For example, I expect that nowadays anything that results in jobcreation will receive much attention. Job creation is a very common item on all politi-
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cians agendas. However, they will want to know what will be the cost per job created.That is where your business plan becomes critical. It will be measured for the number ofjobs created and the average cost to create them.

Fifth, you will want to contact and network with existing nonprofit agencies that serveone or more socioeconomic purposes (jobs, health, housing, etc.) in and around your

community. Every city of considerable population has them. Some are private sectornonprofits, and others are public agencies from the local to the state and federal level.

Q6:-Elaborate the role of Media convergence in E-commerce?

Ans: - A new digital communications technology has emerged. An electronic superhigh-way is beginning to girdle the globe as voice, video and data converge, bringing in theirwake a new basket of digital, multimedia and interactive communication technologies.

But it is not just the technologies that concern us. It is the social change that accompa-nies the technologies that must be our prime concern. The new technologies are doingmuch more. They are changing the way we live-the way we work, relax, manage ourmoney, trade and communicate with each other. The new technologies are changing theway we perceive people, cultures, countries and companies and our expectations ofthem and also our expectations of ourselves.

The first remote communications method that exhibited a real-time nature was telegra-phy. The telegraph allowed an instantaneous transmission of text characters to a remotereceiver. Telegraphy utilized a coded translation (via the Morse code, among other ) ofletters and numbers into an on/off digital representations that could be easily decodedat the remote end by a trained human operator, who listened to the clicks of a remote

solenoid . Later, telegraph progressed to a constant-length code that was encoded anddecoded by mechanical means. This coded representation became the basis for storage,retrieval, and transmission of text by computers. Although telegraphy provided an im-portant means of communication for critical business and personal one-way communica-tion, it created little change in every day life. This was the first generation of communi-cation.

The invention and proliferation of the telephone, on the other hand, did provide perva-sive change in everyday interpersonal communication. Unlike written correspondence ortelegraphy, two parties could now give immediate feedback by responding to statement,answering questions, providing needed information, or taking needed action. In addi-tion, the telephone added a critical component" one could not only recognize the other

person's voice, but hear the tone, urgency, and emotion that is so important to effectiveinterpersonal communication. Subsequently, the development of wireless voice commu-nication through two-way radio equipment provided similar benefits without the needfor fixed wiring.

Q7:-What are the first things to consider when starting up an online business.
http://www.entrepreneur.com/ask/answer14755.htmlhttp://www.ecommerceoptimization.com/articles/what-are-the-first-things-to-consider-when-starting-up-an-online-business/http://www.entrepreneur.com/ask/answer14755.htmlhttp://www.ecommerceoptimization.com/articles/what-are-the-first-things-to-consider-when-starting-up-an-online-business/


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Ans:- An online business is not unlike any other offline venture; the same rules

apply and the same important factors need to be kept in mind for starting your

online business.

Creating a business plan or a model is very essential to ensure successful online

enterprise.

Some of the alternatives include:

Extending an offline business online

Selling products and services

Selling information or advertising

Creating a USP for the business

Some factors to be considered before starting your online business:

1.An appropriate domain name: It is by a domain name that we are known and

identified on the web. A good domain name is typically unforgettable, short and

easy to spell and remember and represents the business accurately. Customers

will remember it easily, spell it correctly, and type it into their web browsers

whenever they need your services.

2. Easy to navigate website: For a potential customer, an online business should

be easy to steer, with a good search function, attractive projecting of the image,

to make is easy for them to find what they want. The design should reflect the

image that is projected: professional, hip, up-scale, etc. Good offline stores alsooffer easy check-out, accept credit cards, and have a good return policy.

3. Choosing the right web host: hosting your website via the right host is essen-

tial. A good web host offers guarantee and can handle a lot of traffic i.e. cus-

tomers, replying to questions quickly, and offering the services needed.

4. Good marketing strategies: they are needed for a successful online business,

and guarantee good customer responses and visitors to the website. This can be

done by advertising, promotional e-mails, paying and submitting to search en-

gines, exchange links with other sites etc.

5.Reliable banking: online businesses' need good and prompt methods to accept

credit cards and take orders.


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Q8:-Identify the things to turn Browser into buyers?

Ans: You have your website up and running. Youre even attracting a healthy number of

visitors. Of course, there is always more to do: implement search engine optimization

(SEO) to drive more traffic, expand your opt-in email list to reach more customers, in-

crease sales, and so on. If the endless list of things to do has you feeling blue, set downthat list. Its time to re-prioritize your goals.

One of the key attributes of a successful online business is converting website visitorsinto buyers. Before spending any more time or money on attracting additional traffic,work on converting current browsers into loyal customers.

Follow this three-point sales plan to encourage visitors to buy your products or services.

1. Polish your sales copy.

Great sales copy is a key factor of every successful e-commerce website. Effective salescopy grabs the attention of visitors with interesting headlines, and uses compelling copyto hold their attention. Pique the interest of readers, but dont let readers slip awayonce youve hooked them. Persuade browsers to become buyers by following thisprocess:

Identify with their problems and establish your credibility

Engage readers and provide a solution

Tell readers how they will benefit from your product or service

2. Share customer testimonials.

Customer testimonials are valuable resources that should not be overlooked.What is more reassuring than a personal recommendation from another cus-tomer? Testimonials turn even the most skeptical visitors into buyers.

Testimonials show potential customers that your products or services do work,

and that others will gain benefits from using the products. Testimonials shouldbe used in a variety of places to provide the best results; a few good locationsinclude: your home page, product listings, sales copy, and on a page devoted tocustomers testimonials.

3. Make buying easy


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This sale-point may seem like a no-brainer, but it is not. The number of sales lost from apoor checkout process is staggering. Some statistics claim that as much as 50% of websales are lost due to confusing checkout systems or customers not being able to findwhat they want when a store does carry the product.

Easy navigation systems are a must for e-commerce websites. A best practice for web-

site navigation is simply to use the most common method: a left-hand bar and a searchfeature on the top right of the browser window. Customers are able to easily find whatthey are looking for when they can navigate without thinking about it. The best naviga-tion systems are those that the customer doesnt notice they just use them, which is acrucial reason to keep navigation consistent throughout the site.

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